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Search results for: Keigo Matsuura

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class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Keigo Matsuura"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Keigo Matsuura</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Spectral Broadening in an InGaAsP Optical Waveguide with 蠂(3) Nonlinearity Including Two Photon Absorption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keigo%20Matsuura">Keigo Matsuura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isao%20Tomita"> Isao Tomita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have studied a method to widen the spectrum of optical pulses that pass through an InGaAsP waveguide for application to broadband optical communication. In particular, we have investigated the competitive effect between spectral broadening arising from nonlinear refraction (optical Kerr effect) and shrinking due to two photon absorption in the InGaAsP waveguide with chi^(3) nonlinearity. The shrunk spectrum recovers broadening by the enhancement effect of the nonlinear refractive index near the bandgap of InGaAsP with a bandgap wavelength of 1490 nm. The broadened spectral width at around 1525 nm (196.7 THz) becomes 10.7 times wider than that at around 1560 nm (192.3 THz) without the enhancement effect, where amplified optical pulses with a pulse width of 2 ps and a peak power of 10 W propagate through a 1-cm-long InGaAsP waveguide with a cross-section of 4 um^2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InGaAsP%20waveguide" title="InGaAsP waveguide">InGaAsP waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi%5E%283%29%20nonlinearity" title=" Chi^(3) nonlinearity"> Chi^(3) nonlinearity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20broadening" title=" spectral broadening"> spectral broadening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photon%20absorption" title=" photon absorption "> photon absorption </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13656/spectral-broadening-in-an-ingaasp-optical-waveguide-with-kh3-nonlinearity-including-two-photon-absorption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">634</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Simulation of the Evacuation of Ships Carrying Dangerous Goods from Tsunami</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshinori%20Matsuura">Yoshinori Matsuura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saori%20Iwanaga"> Saori Iwanaga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred at 14:46 on Friday, March 11, 2011. It was the most powerful known earthquake to have hit Japan. The earthquake triggered extremely destructive tsunami waves of up to 40.5 meters in height. We focus on the ship鈥檚 evacuation from tsunami. Then we analyze about ships evacuation from tsunami using multi-agent simulation and we want to prepare for a coming earthquake. We developed a simulation model of ships that set sail from the port in order to evacuate from the tsunami considering the ship carrying dangerous goods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ship%E2%80%99s%20evacuation" title="Ship鈥檚 evacuation">Ship鈥檚 evacuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20simulation" title=" multi-agent simulation"> multi-agent simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tsunami" title=" tsunami"> tsunami</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11743/simulation-of-the-evacuation-of-ships-carrying-dangerous-goods-from-tsunami" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Preliminary Evaluation of Passive UHF-Band RFID for Identifying Floating Objects on the Sea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasuhiro%20Sato">Yasuhiro Sato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kodai%20Noma"> Kodai Noma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenta%20Sawada"> Kenta Sawada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazumasa%20Adachi"> Kazumasa Adachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshinori%20Matsuura"> Yoshinori Matsuura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saori%20Iwanaga"> Saori Iwanaga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> RFID system is used to identify objects such as passenger identification in public transportation, instead of linear or 2-dimensional barcodes. Key advantages of RFID system are to identify objects without physical contact, and to write arbitrary information into RFID tag. These advantages may help to improve maritime safety and efficiency of activity on the sea. However, utilization of RFID system for maritime scenes has not been considered. In this paper, we evaluate the availability of a generic RFID system operating on the sea. We measure RSSI between RFID tag floating on the sea and RFID antenna, and check whether a RFID reader can access a tag or not, while the distance between a floating buoy and the ship, and the angle are changed. Finally, we discuss the feasibility and the applicability of RFID system on the sea through the results of our preliminary experiment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RFID" title="RFID">RFID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20evaluation" title=" experimental evaluation"> experimental evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RSSI" title=" RSSI"> RSSI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maritime%20use" title=" maritime use"> maritime use</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1632/preliminary-evaluation-of-passive-uhf-band-rfid-for-identifying-floating-objects-on-the-sea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Application of Recycled Tungsten Carbide Powder for Fabrication of Iron Based Powder Metallurgy Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yukinori%20Taniguchi">Yukinori Taniguchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyoshi%20Kurita"> Kazuyoshi Kurita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kohei%20Mizuta"> Kohei Mizuta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keigo%20Nishitani"> Keigo Nishitani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryuichi%20Fukuda"> Ryuichi Fukuda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tungsten carbide is widely used as a tool material in metal manufacturing process. Since tungsten is typical rare metal, establishment of recycle process of tungsten carbide tools and restore into cemented carbide material bring great impact to metal manufacturing industry. Recently, recycle process of tungsten carbide has been developed and established gradually. However, the demands for quality of cemented carbide tool are quite severe because hardness, toughness, anti-wear ability, heat resistance, fatigue strength and so on should be guaranteed for precision machining and tool life. Currently, it is hard to restore the recycled tungsten carbide powder entirely as raw material for new processed cemented carbide tool. In this study, to suggest positive use of recycled tungsten carbide powder, we have tried to fabricate a carbon based sintered steel which shows reinforced mechanical properties with recycled tungsten carbide powder. We have made set of newly designed sintered steels. Compression test of sintered specimen in density ratio of 0.85 (which means 15% porosity inside) has been conducted. As results, at least 1.7 times higher in nominal strength in the amount of 7.0 wt.% was shown in recycled WC powder. The strength reached to over 600 MPa for the Fe-WC-Co-Cu sintered alloy. Wear test has been conducted by using ball-on-disk type friction tester using 5 mm diameter ball with normal force of 2 N in the dry conditions. Wear amount after 1,000 m running distance shows that about 1.5 times longer life was shown in designed sintered alloy. Since results of tensile test showed that same tendency in previous testing, it is concluded that designed sintered alloy can be used for several mechanical parts with special strength and anti-wear ability in relatively low cost due to recycled tungsten carbide powder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tungsten%20carbide" title="tungsten carbide">tungsten carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycle%20process" title=" recycle process"> recycle process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20test" title=" compression test"> compression test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20metallurgy" title=" powder metallurgy"> powder metallurgy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-wear%20ability" title=" anti-wear ability"> anti-wear ability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51013/application-of-recycled-tungsten-carbide-powder-for-fabrication-of-iron-based-powder-metallurgy-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> A Qualitative Study on Overcoming Problems and Limitations of Telepsychological Support (Online Counseling): Through Interviews with Practitioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshiki%20Ito">Toshiki Ito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takahiro%20Yamane"> Takahiro Yamane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuki%20Adachi"> Yuki Adachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshiko%20Kato"> Yoshiko Kato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eiji%20Tsuda"> Eiji Tsuda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kousaku%20Nagasaka"> Kousaku Nagasaka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keigo%20Yoshida">Keigo Yoshida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshiko%20Kawasaki"> Yoshiko Kawasaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naoki%20Aizawa"> Naoki Aizawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyouhei%20Nishi"> Kyouhei Nishi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tetsuko%20Kato"> Tetsuko Kato</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The epidemic of the coronavirus (COVID-19), first reported in Wuhan at the end of 2019, has drastically changed our daily lives. Under these circumstances, counseling, which provides psychological support to people, was also greatly affected. The structure of counseling, which had generally been implicitly common practice to be conducted in person, was greatly shaken. The author wondered how counseling can be conducted in situations where it is impossible to meet face-to-face. This is where telepsychological support (online counseling) came into use. The authors found that there were the following problems in telepsychological support: (1) anxiety about whether the communication is appropriate, (2) difficulty in understanding the client's situation and condition, (3) inability to perceive what was normally perceived in person, (4) difficulty in adjusting to severely ill clients, (5) difficulty in dealing with emergency situations, etc. In this study, we interviewed psychologists who had been accustomed to telepsychological support for more than two years after the Corona disaster began to clarify how they had or had not overcome the problems of telepsychological support identified in the above studies. We also aim to consider the unique possibilities of how telepsychological support, a new technique of psychological support, can be implemented to provide more effective and meaningful support in society after the end of the Corona disaster (post-Corona society). Thirteen psychologists who are currently providing telepsychological support in the Corona Disaster will be interviewed, and semi-structured interviews will be conducted for one hour per person. In order to empirically examine how the problems in telepsychological support had been overcome or not through the interview survey, the authors asked (1) how they overcame their anxiety about whether they were able to communicate appropriately, (2) how they devised ways to overcome it, (3) how they overcame the difficulty in adapting to heavy clients in terms of the level of the disease, (4) how they overcame the difficulty in dealing with emergency situations. The interviews were analyzed using Thematic Analysis, a qualitative analysis method commonly used in qualitative research overseas. The authors found that some devices and perspectives were newly discovered as a result of two years of practice of telepsychological support and that psychologists in this study considered face-to-face interviews and telepsychological support to be separate and were flexible enough to use them when available and to move to face-to-face interviews when not appropriate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telepsychology" title="telepsychology">telepsychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Corona" title=" Corona"> Corona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychologist" title=" psychologist"> psychologist</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165634/a-qualitative-study-on-overcoming-problems-and-limitations-of-telepsychological-support-online-counseling-through-interviews-with-practitioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Network Analysis to Reveal Microbial Community Dynamics in the Coral Reef Ocean</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keigo%20Ide">Keigo Ide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toru%20Maruyama"> Toru Maruyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michihiro%20Ito"> Michihiro Ito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Fujimura"> Hiroyuki Fujimura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshikatu%20Nakano"> Yoshikatu Nakano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoichiro%20Suda"> Shoichiro Suda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachiyo%20Aburatani"> Sachiyo Aburatani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haruko%20Takeyama"> Haruko Takeyama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding environmental system is one of the important tasks. In recent years, conservation of coral environments has been focused for biodiversity issues. The damage of coral reef under environmental impacts has been observed worldwide. However, the casual relationship between damage of coral and environmental impacts has not been clearly understood. On the other hand, structure/diversity of marine bacterial community may be relatively robust under the certain strength of environmental impact. To evaluate the coral environment conditions, it is necessary to investigate relationship between marine bacterial composition in coral reef and environmental factors. In this study, the Time Scale Network Analysis was developed and applied to analyze the marine environmental data for investigating the relationship among coral, bacterial community compositions and environmental factors. Seawater samples were collected fifteen times from November 2014 to May 2016 at two locations, Ishikawabaru and South of Sesoko in Sesoko Island, Okinawa. The physicochemical factors such as temperature, photosynthetic active radiation, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, salinity, chlorophyll, dissolved organic matter and depth were measured at the coral reef area. Metagenome and metatranscriptome in seawater of coral reef were analyzed as the biological factors. Metagenome data was used to clarify marine bacterial community composition. In addition, functional gene composition was estimated from metatranscriptome. For speculating the relationships between physicochemical and biological factors, cross-correlation analysis was applied to time scale data. Even though cross-correlation coefficients usually include the time precedence information, it also included indirect interactions between the variables. To elucidate the direct regulations between both factors, partial correlation coefficients were combined with cross correlation. This analysis was performed against all parameters such as the bacterial composition, the functional gene composition and the physicochemical factors. As the results, time scale network analysis revealed the direct regulation of seawater temperature by photosynthetic active radiation. In addition, concentration of dissolved oxygen regulated the value of chlorophyll. Some reasonable regulatory relationships between environmental factors indicate some part of mechanisms in coral reef area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coral%20environment" title="coral environment">coral environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20microbiology" title=" marine microbiology"> marine microbiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20analysis" title=" network analysis"> network analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=omics%20data%20analysis" title=" omics data analysis"> omics data analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65639/network-analysis-to-reveal-microbial-community-dynamics-in-the-coral-reef-ocean" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Powder Assisted Sheet Forming to Fabricate Ti Capsule Magnetic Hyperthermia Implant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keigo%20Nishitani">Keigo Nishitani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kohei%20Mizuta%20Mizuta"> Kohei Mizuta Mizuta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyoshi%20Kurita"> Kazuyoshi Kurita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yukinori%20Taniguchi"> Yukinori Taniguchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To establish mass production process of Ti capsule which has Fe powder inside as magnetic hyperthermia implant, we assumed that Ti thin sheet can be drawn into a 蠁1.0 mm die hole through the medium of Fe Powder and becomes outer shell of capsule. This study discusses mechanism of powder assisted deep drawing process by both of numerical simulation and experiment. Ti thin sheet blank was placed on die, and was covered by Fe powder layer without pressurizing. Then upper punch was indented on the Fe powder layer, and the blank can be drawn into die cavity as pressurized powder particles were extruded into die cavity from behind of the drawn blank. Distinct Element Method (DEM) has been used to demonstrate the process. To identify bonding parameters on Fe particles which are cohesion, tensile bond stress and inter particle friction angle, axial and diametrical compression failure test of Fe powder compact was conducted. Several density ratios of powder compacts in range of 0.70 - 0.85 were investigated and relationship between mean stress and equivalent stress was calculated with consideration of critical state line which rules failure criterion in consolidation of Fe powder. Since variation of bonding parameters with density ratio has been experimentally identified, and good agreement has been recognized between several failure tests and its simulation, demonstration of powder assisted sheet forming by using DEM becomes applicable. Results of simulation indicated that indent/drawing length of Ti thin sheet is promoted by smaller Fe particle size, larger indent punch diameter, lower friction coefficient between die surface and Ti sheet and certain degrees of die inlet taper angle. In the deep drawing test, we have made die-set with 蠁2.4 mm punch and 蠁1.0 mm die bore diameter. Pure Ti sheet with 100 渭m thickness, annealed at 650 deg. C has been tested. After indentation, indented/drawn capsule has been observed by microscope, and its length was measured to discuss the feasibility of this capsulation process. Longer drawing length exists on progressive loading pass comparing with the case of single stroke loading. It is expected that progressive loading has an advantage of which extrusion of powder particle into die cavity with Ti sheet is promoted since powder particle layer can be rebuilt while the punch is withdrawn from the layer in each loading steps. This capsulation phenomenon is qualitatively demonstrated by DEM simulation. Finally, we have fabricated Ti capsule which has Fe powder inside for magnetic hyperthermia cancer care treatment. It is concluded that suggested method is possible to use the manufacturing of Ti capsule implant for magnetic hyperthermia cancer care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20powder%20compaction" title="metal powder compaction">metal powder compaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20forming" title=" metal forming"> metal forming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distinct%20element%20method" title=" distinct element method"> distinct element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20care" title=" cancer care"> cancer care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20hyperthermia" title=" magnetic hyperthermia"> magnetic hyperthermia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72896/powder-assisted-sheet-forming-to-fabricate-ti-capsule-magnetic-hyperthermia-implant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">&copy; 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