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difference</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: gender difference"> <meta name="keywords" content="gender difference"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="gender difference"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6836</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: gender difference</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6836</span> Socio-Cultural and Religious Contributions to Gender Wage Gap: A Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Alothaim">R. Alothaim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Mishra"> T. Mishra </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different researchers have reviewed the gender wage gap since early days between women and men to point out their difference to help bring about equality in production among them. Many fingers have been pointed out towards culture and religion as one of the major factors contributing to the gender wage gap throughout the years passed. Recent research has been done to give out equalization to this gap between men and women. The gender wage gap has raised serious concerns among nations and societies. Additionally, data, methodology and time periods have been affected by the gender wage gap, thus needing special decision making to help in the meta-study in the provision of quantitative review. Quality indicators have played a crucial role towards the education through stressing on enough consideration to help give a solution of equality and worth in the research study. The different research reviewed have given enough evidence and impact to point out that the major causes of this gender wage gap has resulted due to culture. On the other pedestal, religion may play a role to the issues of gender wage gap but with more emphasis on culture playing the bigger part. Furthermore, social status of individual has contributed to the wage gap difference between men and women. Labor market has played a vital role in empowering women, leading to the lower rate of the raw wage difference in the recent years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title="culture">culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20wage%20gap" title=" gender wage gap"> gender wage gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social" title=" social"> social</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136817/socio-cultural-and-religious-contributions-to-gender-wage-gap-a-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6835</span> Gender Differences in the Descriptions of Shape</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Feng%20Chang">Shu-Feng Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the past years, gender issues have been discussed in many fields. It causes such differences not only in physical field but also in mental field. Gender differences also appear in our daily life, especially in the communication of spoken language. This statement was proved in the descriptions of color. However, the research about describing shape was fewer. The purpose of the study was to determine the description of the shape was different or alike due to gender. If it was different, this difference was dissimilar or as the same as the conclusion of color. Data were collected on the shape descriptions by 15 female and 15male participants in describing five pictures. As a result, it was really different for the descriptions of shape due to gender factor. The findings of shape descriptions were almost as the same as color naming with gender factor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title="gender">gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=naming" title=" naming"> naming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape" title=" shape"> shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociolinguistics" title=" sociolinguistics"> sociolinguistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81193/gender-differences-in-the-descriptions-of-shape" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">554</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6834</span> Relationship between Static Balance and Body Characteristics in the Elderly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20W.%20Kim">J. W. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20R.%20Kwon"> Y. R. Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20J.%20Ho"> Y. J. Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20Jeon"> H. M. Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20M.%20Eom"> G. M. Eom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to investigate the association of anthropometry with static balance in the elderly and their possible gender difference. Forty six subjects (23 men and 23 women) participated in this study. COP (Center of Pressure) was measured on a force-platform during quiet feet-together standing. As outcome measures, mean distance were derived from the COP. Weight was significantly correlated with postural variable only in the elderly men. This result suggests that the gender should be considered when normalizing postural variables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20characteristics" title="body characteristics">body characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postural%20balance" title=" postural balance"> postural balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly" title=" elderly"> elderly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title=" gender difference"> gender difference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4354/relationship-between-static-balance-and-body-characteristics-in-the-elderly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6833</span> A Cross-Cultural Investigation of Self-Compassion in Adolescents Across Gender</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20N.%20Cheung">H. N. Cheung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Self-compassion encourages one to accept oneself, reduce self-criticism and self-judgment, and see one’s shortcomings and setbacks in a balanced view. Adolescent self-compassion is a crucial protective factor against mental illness. It is, however, affected by gender. Given the scarcity of self-compassion scales for adolescents, the current study evaluates the Self-Compassion Scale for Youth (SCS-Y) in a large cross-cultural sample and investigates how the subscales of SCS-Y relate to the dimensions of depressive symptoms across gender. Through the internet-based Qualtrics, a total of 2881 teenagers aged 12 to 18 years were recruited from Hong Kong (HK), China, and the United Kingdom. A Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) model was used to evaluate measurement invariance of the SCS-Y, and differential item functioning (DIF) was checked across gender. Upon the establishment of the best model, a multigroup structural equation model (SEM) was built between factors of SCS-Y and Multidimensional depression assessment scale (MDAS) which assesses four dimensions of depressive symptoms (emotional, cognitive, somatic and interpersonal). The SCS-Y was shown to have good reliability and validity. The MIMIC model produced a good model fit for a hypothetical six-factor model (CFI = 0.980; TLI = 0.974; RMSEA = 0.038) and no item was flagged for DIF across gender. A gender difference was observed between SCS-Y factors and depression dimensions. Conclusions: The SCS-Y exhibits good psychometric characteristics, including measurement invariance across gender. The study also highlights the gender difference between self-compassion factors and depression dimensions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compassion" title="self compassion">self compassion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modelling" title=" structural equation modelling"> structural equation modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIMIC%20model" title=" MIMIC model"> MIMIC model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150087/a-cross-cultural-investigation-of-self-compassion-in-adolescents-across-gender" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6832</span> Motor Speech Profile of Marathi Speaking Adults and Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anindita%20Banik">Anindita Banik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjali%20Kant"> Anjali Kant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aninda%20Duti%20Banik"> Aninda Duti Banik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Banik"> Arun Banik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Speech is a complex, dynamic unique motor activity through which we express thoughts and emotions and respond to and control our environment. The aim was based to compare select Motor Speech parameters and their sub parameters across typical Marathi speaking adults and children. The subjects included a total of 300 divided into Group I, II, III including males and females. Subjects included were reported of no significant medical history and had a rating of 0-1 on GRBAS scale. The recordings were obtained utilizing three stimuli for the acoustic analysis of Diadochokinetic rate (DDK), Second Formant Transition, Voice and Tremor and its sub parameters. And these aforementioned parameters were acoustically analyzed in Motor Speech Profile software in VisiPitch IV. The statistical analyses were done by applying descriptive statistics and Two- Way ANOVA.The results obtained showed statistically significant difference across age groups and gender for the aforementioned parameters and its sub parameters.In DDK, for avp (ms) there was a significant difference only across age groups. However, for avr (/s) there was a significant difference across age groups and gender. It was observed that there was an increase in rate with an increase in age groups. The second formant transition sub parameter F2 magn (Hz) also showed a statistically significant difference across both age groups and gender. There was an increase in mean value with an increase in age. Females had a higher mean when compared to males. For F2 rate (/s) a statistically significant difference was observed across age groups. There was an increase in mean value with increase in age. It was observed for Voice and Tremor MFTR (%) that a statistically significant difference was present across age groups and gender. Also for RATR (Hz) there was statistically significant difference across both age groups and gender. In other words, the values of MFTR and RATR increased with an increase in age. Thus, this study highlights the variation of the motor speech parameters amongst the typical population which would be beneficial for comparison with the individuals with motor speech disorders for assessment and management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult" title="adult">adult</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diadochokinetic%20rate" title=" diadochokinetic rate"> diadochokinetic rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20formant%20transition" title=" second formant transition"> second formant transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tremor" title=" tremor"> tremor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voice" title=" voice"> voice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55367/motor-speech-profile-of-marathi-speaking-adults-and-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6831</span> Gender Difference and Conflict Management Strategy Preference among Managers in Public Organizations in South-Western Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20I.%20Akintayo">D. I. Akintayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20O.%20Aje"> C. O. Aje</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the moderating influence of gender difference and conflict resolution strategy preference on managers` efficiency in managing industrial conflict in work organizations in South-Western Nigeria. This was for the purpose of ascertaining the relevance of gender difference and conflict resolution strategy preference to managerial efficiency towards ensuring sustainable industrial peace and harmonious labour-management relations at workplaces in Nigeria. Descriptive ex-post-facto research design was adopted for the study. A total of 185 respondents were selected for the study using purposive stratified sampling technique. A set of questionnaire titled ‘Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory’ (ROCI) and Managerial Conflict Efficiency Scale (MCES) were adopted for the study. The three generated hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and t-test statistical methods. The findings of the study revealed that: A significant relationship exists between gender difference and conflict management preference of the managers(r = 0.644; P < 0.05). I t was also found that there was no significant difference between male and female managers’ conflict management strategy preference (t (181) = 11.08; P > 0.05).The finding reveals that there is no significant difference between female and male managers’ conflict management efficiency on the basis of conflict management preference of the managers (t (181) = 10.23; P > 0.05). Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that collective bargaining strategy should be encouraged as conflict resolution strategy in order to guarantee effective management of industrial conflict and harmonious labour-management relations. Also, both male and female managers should be empowered to be appointed to managerial positions and should avoid the use of coercion, competition, aggressiveness and pro-task in the course of managing industrial conflict. Rather, persuasion, compromising, relational, lobbying and participatory approaches should be employed during collective bargaining process in order to foster effective management of conflict at workplaces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict%20management" title="conflict management">conflict management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title=" gender difference"> gender difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20studies" title=" managerial studies"> managerial studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20organization%20and%20managers" title=" public organization and managers"> public organization and managers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy%20preference" title=" strategy preference"> strategy preference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38311/gender-difference-and-conflict-management-strategy-preference-among-managers-in-public-organizations-in-south-western-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6830</span> Patterns of Problem Behavior of Out-Of-School Adolescents and Gender Difference in South Korea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaeyoung%20Lee">Jaeyoung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minji%20Je"> Minji Je</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The adolescents not attending school are named out-of-school adolescents. They are more vulnerable to health management and are likely to be exposed to a number of risk factors. This study was conducted to investigate the problem behavior of out-of-school adolescents and analyze the difference caused by gender. Methods: In this study, the problem behaviors of out-of-school adolescents, the vulnerable class, were defined in 8 types and based on this definition, the survey on run away from home, drop out, prostitution, violence, internet game addiction, theft, drug addiction, and smoking was conducted. The study was conducted in a total of 507 out-of-school adolescents, including 342 males, and 165 females. The type, frequency and start time of the 8 problem behaviors were identified. The collected data were analyzed with chi-square test and t-test using SPSS statistics 22. Results: Among the problem behaviors of the subjects, violence ( =17.41, p < .001), internet game addiction ( =16.14, p < .001), theft ( =22.48, p < .001), drug addiction ( =4.17, p=.041), and smoking ( =3.90, p=.048) were more significantly high in male out-of-school adolescents than female out-of-school adolescents. In addition, the frequency of the problem behavior was higher in male out-of-school adolescents with statistical significance than in female out-of-school adolescents (t=5.08, p= < .001). In terms of the start time of the problem behavior, only internet game addiction was higher in male out-of-school adolescents with the statistical significance than in female out-of-school adolescents ( =6.22, p=.032). No statistically significant difference was found in other problem behaviors (p > .05). Conclusions: In this study, it was found that gender difference in problem behaviors of out-of-school adolescents exists, and its frequency and difference of types were identified. When the social countermeasures were provided for those adolescents, a distinguished approach is required depending on the patterns of problem behavior and gender. When preparing policy alternatives and interventions for out-of-school adolescents, it is required to reflect the results of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addictive%20behavior" title="addictive behavior">addictive behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title=" adolescent"> adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem%20behavior" title=" problem behavior"> problem behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79037/patterns-of-problem-behavior-of-out-of-school-adolescents-and-gender-difference-in-south-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6829</span> 'Gender' and 'Gender Equalities': Conceptual Issues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Ali">Moustafa Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to discuss and question some of the widely accepted concepts within the conceptual framework of gender from terminological, scientific, and Muslim cultural perspectives, and to introduce a new definition and a model of gender in the Arab and Muslim societies. This paper, therefore, uses a generic methodology and document analysis and comes in three sections and a conclusion. The first section discusses some of the terminological issues in the conceptual framework of gender. The second section highlights scientific issues, introduces a definition and a model of gender, whereas the third section offers Muslim cultural perspectives on some issues related to gender in the Muslim world. The paper, then, concludes with findings and recommendations reached so far. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20definition" title="gender definition">gender definition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20equalities" title=" gender equalities"> gender equalities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex-gender%20separability" title=" sex-gender separability"> sex-gender separability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fairness-based%20model%20of%20gender" title=" fairness-based model of gender"> fairness-based model of gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119455/gender-and-gender-equalities-conceptual-issues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6828</span> The Erasure of Sex and Gender Minorities by Misusing Sex and Gender in Public Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tessalyn%20Morrison">Tessalyn Morrison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexis%20Dinno"> Alexis Dinno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taurica%20Salmon"> Taurica Salmon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sex and gender conflation continue to perpetuate the invisibility of gender minorities and obscure information about the ways that biological sex and gender affect health. The misuse of sex and gender terms, and their respective binaries, can yield inaccurate results. But more importantly, it contributes to the erasure of sex and gender minority health experiences. This paper discusses ways in which public health researchers can use sex and gender terms correctly and center the health experiences of intersex, transgender, non binary, and a-gender individuals. It includes promoting sensitivity in approaching minority communities, improving survey questions, and collaborating with sex and gender minority communities to improve research quality and participant experiences. Improving our standards for the quality of sex and gender term usage and centering sex and gender minorities in public health research are imperative to address the health inequalities faced by sex and gender minorities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title="epidemiology">epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intersex" title=" intersex"> intersex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20methods" title=" research methods"> research methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex" title=" sex"> sex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transgender" title=" transgender"> transgender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130169/the-erasure-of-sex-and-gender-minorities-by-misusing-sex-and-gender-in-public-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6827</span> Parental Expectations and Student Performance in Secondary School Mathematics Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daya%20Weerasinghe">Daya Weerasinghe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Parental expectations often differ to that of their children and the influence and involvement of parents, at home, may affect the student performance in the classroom. This paper presents results from a survey of Asian and European background secondary school mathematics students (N=128) in Melbourne, Australia. Student responses to survey questions were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, followed by t-tests and ANOVA. The aim of the analysis was to identify similarities and differences in parental expectations in relation to ethnicity, gender, and the year level of the students. The notable findings from the analysis showed no significant difference (at 0.05 level) in parental expectations and student performance, in relation to ethnicity or gender. Conversely, there was a significant difference in both parental expectations and student performance between year 7 and year 12 students. Further, whilst there was a significant difference in parental expectations between year 7 and year 11 students, the students’ performances were not significantly different. The results suggest further research may be needed to understand the parental expectations and student performance between the lower and upper secondary school mathematics students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20background" title="ethnic background">ethnic background</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20expectations" title=" parental expectations"> parental expectations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20performance" title=" student performance"> student performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=year%20level" title=" year level"> year level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41425/parental-expectations-and-student-performance-in-secondary-school-mathematics-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6826</span> The Effects of Music and Gender on Recall Ability on College Students: A Study in Students from Universitas Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hestika%20D.%20Waraningrum">Hestika D. Waraningrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indriani%20N.%20Khairunnisa"> Indriani N. Khairunnisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabila%20Isnandini"> Nabila Isnandini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadine%20Yasminah"> Nadine Yasminah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sekar%20A.%20Winesa"> Sekar A. Winesa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Each individual’s ability to recall, whether they are male or female, is allegedly influenced by the environmental circumstances during the recalling process. The presence of a distraction is one of the environmental variables that affect recall ability in its capacity in the Short Term Memory. This study was made to see the difference in number of words that was successfully recalled by male participants and female participants with the presence of music as a distraction and also without music as a distraction. Data was taken using an experimental procedure from 75 female and male undergraduate students of Universitas Indonesia. The study design used was a 2x2 Factorial ANOVA, which aimed to see the difference between two variables, which were gender (male vs female) and the presence of a distraction (music serving as a distraction vs absence of music). The results indicated that there were no significant mean differences in the ability to recall between male and female participants. There are no significant mean differences between the presence and the absence of music as a distraction, but a significant interaction was found between gender and distraction with the ability to recall. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college" title="college">college</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title=" music"> music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recall" title=" recall"> recall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91881/the-effects-of-music-and-gender-on-recall-ability-on-college-students-a-study-in-students-from-universitas-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6825</span> Gender Difference in Social Interaction Skills of Autism Using Token Economy and Video Modelling Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olusola%20Akintunde%20Adediran">Olusola Akintunde Adediran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined differential effect of Gender difference in social interaction skill of pupils with autism using token economy and video modeling as intervention strategies. A pretest, posttest, control group, quasi-experimental research design was adopted in the study. 17 participants (11 males and 6 females) were selected purposively from 5 centres in Ibadan and randomized into three groups (token economy, video modeling and control groups). Two instruments were used in the study; Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS) for 299.00 Autistic Disorder (r = 0.82) and Children’s Self-report Social Skill Scale (CS4) (r= 0.93). A descriptive statistics was used to analyse the participants social interaction data based on intervention and gender, while inferential statistics of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and scheffe post-hoc measure was used to anlayse three null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results obtained indicated that there was a significant main effect of treatment on social interaction of participants, but there was no significant of main effect of gender on the social interaction of participants, hence, (F(2,14) = .741; p > .05, eta = .050). Lastly, there was no significant interaction effect of treatment and gender of the participants, hence (F(2,10) = 2.177; p > .05, eta 2 = 202). The study has contributed to the frontiers of knowledge by establishing that social interaction of autism is attainable when token economy and video modelling are used as treatment intervention, hence, they should be adopted by the teachers, curriculum planners and other stakeholders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20interaction" title="social interaction">social interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=token%20economy" title=" token economy"> token economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20modelling" title=" video modelling"> video modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title=" autism"> autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104847/gender-difference-in-social-interaction-skills-of-autism-using-token-economy-and-video-modelling-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6824</span> The Study of the Awareness of Sexual Risk Bahaviors and Sexual Risk Behaviors of Adolescents Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumitta%20Sawangtook">Sumitta Sawangtook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parichart%20Thano"> Parichart Thano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purposes of research were to study the relationship between the awareness of sexual risk behaviors and sexual risk behaviors of adolescent students, and to compare the sexual risk behaviors of adolescent students by gender, education level, sweetheart’s number, achievement, sexual value, and the influence of the friendship group. The research sample of 344 sevenths through twelfth grade students in secondary school for the academic year 2014, Dindang district Bangkok was selected by simple random sampling. The research instruments are: 1) demographic questionnaire 2) evaluation form of the awareness of sexual risk behaviors 3) questionnaire about sexual value 4) questionnaire about the influence of the friendship group and 5) evaluation form of sexual risk behaviors. They were used for data collections which are subsequently analyzed by percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, One-way Analysis of Variances. The results of this study were presented as follow: 1) The awareness of sexual risk behaviors was negatively correlated with sexual risk behaviors of adolescent students (r=-.27, p=.000). 2) There was significant difference at .05 level in sexual risk behaviors among adolescent students who had gender difference (t=5.90, p=.000). 3) There was no significant difference at .05 level in sexual risk behaviors among adolescent students who had the different level of education (t=1.41, p=.16). 4) There was significant difference at .05 level in sexual risk behaviors among adolescent students who had the different level of sweetheart’s number (F=13.03, p=.000). 5) There was significant difference at .05 level in sexual risk behaviors among adolescent students who had the different level of achievement (F=4.77, p=.009). 6) There were significant difference at .05 level in sexual risk behaviors among adolescent students who had different level of sexual value (F=50.91, p=.000) 7) There were significant difference at .05 level in sexual risk behaviors among adolescent students who had different level of the influence of the friendship group (F=98.41, p=.000). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20awareness%20of%20sexual%20risk%20behaviors" title="the awareness of sexual risk behaviors">the awareness of sexual risk behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20risk%20behaviors" title=" sexual risk behaviors"> sexual risk behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent%20students" title=" adolescent students"> adolescent students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37360/the-study-of-the-awareness-of-sexual-risk-bahaviors-and-sexual-risk-behaviors-of-adolescents-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37360.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6823</span> Gender Differences in Objectively Assessed Physical Activity among Urban 15-Year-Olds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marjeta%20Misigoj%20Durakovic">Marjeta Misigoj Durakovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maroje%20Soric"> Maroje Soric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lovro%20Stefan"> Lovro Stefan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and aim: Physical inactivity has been linked with increased morbidity and premature mortality and adolescence has been recognised as the critical period for a decline in physical activity (PA) level. In order to properly direct interventions aimed at increasing PA, high-risk groups of individuals should be identified. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe gender differences in: a) PA level; b) weekly PA patterns. Methods: This investigation is a part of the CRO-PALS study which is an on-going longitudinal study conducted in a representative sample of urban youth in Zagreb (Croatia). CRO-PALS involves 903 adolescents and for the purpose of this study data from a subgroup of 190 participants with information on objective PA level were analysed (116 girls; mean age [SD]=15.6[0.3] years). Duration of moderate and vigorous PA was measured during 5 consecutive by a multiple-sensor physical activity monitor (SenseWear Armband, BodyMedia inc., Pittsburgh, USA). Gender differences in PA level were evaluated using independent samples t-test. Differences in school week and weekend levels of activity were assessed using mixed ANOVA with gender as between-subjects factor. The amount of vigorous PA had to be log-transformed to achieve normality in the distribution. Results: Boys were more active than girls. Duration of moderate-to-vigorous PA averaged 111±44 min/day in boys and 80±38 min/day in girls (mean difference=31 min/day, 95%CI=20-43 min/day). Vigorous PA was 2.5 times higher in boys compared to girls (95%CI=1.9-3.5). Participants were more active during school days than on weekends. The magnitude of the difference in moderate-to-vigorous PA was similar in both gender (p value for time*gender interaction = 0.79) and averaged 19 min/day (95%CI=11-27 min/day). Similarly, vigorous PA was 36% lower on weekends compared with school days (95%CI=22-46%) with no gender difference (p value for time*gender interaction = 0.52). Conclusion: PA level was higher in boys than in girls throughout the week. Still, in both boys and girls, the amount of PA reduced markedly on weekends compared with school days. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescence" title="adolescence">adolescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-sensor%20physical%20activity%20monitor" title=" multiple-sensor physical activity monitor"> multiple-sensor physical activity monitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity%20level" title=" physical activity level"> physical activity level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weekly%20physical%20activity%20pattern" title=" weekly physical activity pattern"> weekly physical activity pattern</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47404/gender-differences-in-objectively-assessed-physical-activity-among-urban-15-year-olds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6822</span> The Gender Dialectic in Mothers and Daughters’ Relationships</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ronit%20Even%20Zahav">Ronit Even Zahav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Mother-daughter relationships are often portrayed as one of the most constitutive ties that shape women's identities throughout their lives. Yet, to the best of author’s knowledge, only few studies examine mother-daughter relationships in adulthood in the context of cross-cultural transition. Most of them focus on the mother-daughter relationship among one origin group. Hence, the existing knowledge about these relationships in adulthood, in the context of intercultural transition and encounters between different cultures, remain limited. Based on a critical feminist approach critical and cultural perspectives the current study focuses on a cross-cultural comparison of adult mother-daughter relationships among three groups of origin: Ethiopia, Russia, and Israel. The study aimed to: Explore the voices of women participating in a mother-daughter discourse in the context of gender and ethnicity; examine the differences in the mother-daughter relationship through number of factors (e.g. expectations of similarity and difference, perceptions of gender roles, gender identity, emotional closeness, sharing and stress) and finally, to develop a gender informed tool for understanding the gender dialectic in mother-daughter relationship in the context of cross cultural transitions. Method: 37 dyads of mothers and adult daughters participated in a qualitative study. A semi-structured interview was conducted that included questions about socio-demographic characteristics, language proficiency, social distance, closeness, emotional stress, and expectations of similarity and difference in mother-daughter relationships. Results: Analysis of the findings yielded three relationship patterns of gender dialectic and expectations of similarity and difference that characterize the groups of origin. Ethiopian mothers reported more sharing their daughters, fewer expectations of similarity, and felt more stress in the relationship compered to women from the two other origin groups. Conclusions: The study highlighted the impact of intercultural transition and social exclusion on mother-daughter relationships in adulthood in the context of the gender dialectic and women’s status in society. The presentation will explore the findings that were brought up by participants. The discussion will focus on the practices related to gender dialectic and intersecting inequalities regarding diverse groups and discuss gender development reducing inequalities and promoting empowerment to transform oppressive conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20informed%20perspectives" title="gender informed perspectives">gender informed perspectives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20dialectic" title=" gender dialectic"> gender dialectic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mother-daughter%20relationships" title=" mother-daughter relationships"> mother-daughter relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiculturalism" title=" multiculturalism"> multiculturalism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176145/the-gender-dialectic-in-mothers-and-daughters-relationships" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6821</span> Stature and Gender Estimation Using Foot Measurements in South Indian Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagadish%20Rao%20Padubidri">Jagadish Rao Padubidri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehak%20Bhandary"> Mehak Bhandary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sowmya%20J.%20Rao"> Sowmya J. Rao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The significance of the human foot and its measurements in identifying an individual has been proved a lot of times by different studies in different geographical areas and its association to the stature and gender of the individual has been justified by many researches. In our study we have used different foot measurements including the length, width, malleol height and navicular height for establishing its association to stature and gender and to find out its accuracy. The purpose of this study is to show the relation of foot measurements with stature and gender, and to derive Multiple and Logistic regression equations for stature and gender estimation in South Indian population. Materials and Methods: The subjects for this study were 200 South Indian students out of which 100 were females and 100 were males, aged between 18 to 24 years. The data for the present study included the stature, foot length, foot breath, foot malleol height, foot navicular height of both right and left foot. Descriptive statistics, T-test and Pearson correlation coefficients were derived between stature, gender and foot measurements. The stature was estimated from right and left foot measurements for both male and female South Indian population using multiple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis for gender estimation. Results: The means, standard deviation, stature, right and left foot measurements and T-test in male population were higher than in females. LFL (Left foot length) is more than RFL (Right Foot length) in male groups, but in female groups the length of both foot are almost equal [RFL=226.6, LFL=227.1]. There is not much of difference in means of RFW (Right foot width) and LFW (Left foot width) in both the genders. Significant difference were seen in mean values of malleol and navicular height of right and left feet in male gender. No such difference was seen in female subjects. Conclusions: The study has successfully demonstrated the correlation of foot length in stature estimation in all the three study groups in both right and left foot. Next in parameters are Foot width and malleol height in estimating stature among male and female groups. Navicular height of both right and left foot showed poor relationship with stature estimation in both male and female groups. Multiple regression equations for both right and left foot measurements to estimate stature were derived with standard error ranging from 11-12 cm in males and 10-11 cm in females. The SEE was 5.8 when both male and female groups were pooled together. The logistic regression model which was derived to determine gender showed 85% accuracy and 92.5% accuracy using right and left foot measurements respectively. We believe that stature and gender can be estimated with foot measurements in South Indian population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foot%20length" title="foot length">foot length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stature" title=" stature"> stature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Indian" title=" South Indian"> South Indian</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67727/stature-and-gender-estimation-using-foot-measurements-in-south-indian-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6820</span> Lecturers Attitudes towards the Use of Information and Communication Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sujata%20Gupta%20Kedar">Sujata Gupta Kedar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fasiha%20Fayaz"> Fasiha Fayaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents various studies being carried out by various researchers globally on the attitude of lecturers towards the advent of information technology and e-learning. An effort has been made in this paper to study the various trends being presented by researchers and draw some general conclusions. These show the effect of the lecturer’s gender, age and educational background on their attitude towards the e-learning. Also the favorable attitude of teachers' towards using new technology in teaching will certainly make teachers use them in appropriate situations in teaching and thus measuring of teachers attitude towards using new technology in teaching is very much needed. The sample of 50 males and 50 females were studied from different colleges of Bangalore “Attitudes towards using new technology scale” by Dr. Rajasekar was used. It was seen that male and female had no significant difference in hardware and software use, whereas both had favorable attitude. And there was a significant difference at 1% level among female lecturers belonging to arts faculty. There is no significant difference between the gender and age, because higher the age lower the score is. Irrespective of teaching experience males had no significant difference, whereas females are significant at 1% level, which says that higher the teaching experience of lecturers less knowledge they have towards the use of ICT, as the younger generation is more expose to technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title="e-learning">e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title=" ICT"> ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title=" attitudes"> attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lecturers" title=" lecturers"> lecturers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20technology" title=" communication technology"> communication technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24426/lecturers-attitudes-towards-the-use-of-information-and-communication-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6819</span> Relationship between Gender and Performance with Respect to a Basic Math Skills Quiz in Statistics Courses in Lebanon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiba%20Naccache">Hiba Naccache</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present research investigated whether gender differences affect performance in a simple math quiz in statistics course. Participants of this study comprised a sample of 567 statistics students in two different universities in Lebanon. Data were collected through a simple math quiz. Analysis of quantitative data indicated that there wasn’t a significant difference in math performance between males and females. The results suggest that improvements in student performance may depend on improved mastery of basic algebra especially for females. The implications of these findings and further recommendations were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title="gender">gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=math" title=" math"> math</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistics" title=" statistics"> statistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35077/relationship-between-gender-and-performance-with-respect-to-a-basic-math-skills-quiz-in-statistics-courses-in-lebanon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6818</span> The Influence of Grammatical Gender on Socially Constructed Gender in English, Dutch, and German</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noah%20Brandon">Noah Brandon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Grammatical gender can create a restrictive roadblock for the usage of gender-inclusive language. This research describes grammatical gender structures used in English, Dutch, and German and considers how these structures restrict the implementation of gender inclusivity in spoken and written discourse. This restriction is measured by the frequency with which gender-inclusive & generic masculine forms are used and by the morphosyntactic complexity of the gender-inclusive forms available in these languages. These languages form a continuum of grammatical gender structures, with English having the least articulated structures and German having the most. This leads to a comparative analysis intended to establish a correlation between the complexity of gender structure and the difficulty of using gender-inclusive forms. English, on one side of the continuum, maintains only remnants of a formal grammatical gender system and imposes the fewest restrictions on the creation of neo-pronouns and the use of gender-inclusive alternatives to gendered agentive nouns. Next, the Dutch have a functionally two-gender system with less freedom using gender-neutral forms. Lastly, German, on the other end, has a three-gender system requiring a plethora of morphosyntactic and orthographic alternatives to avoid using generic masculine. The paper argues that the complexity of grammatical gender structures correlates with hindered use of gender-inclusive forms. Going forward, efforts will focus on gathering further data on the usage of gender-inclusive and generic masculine forms within these languages. The end goal of this research is to establish a definitive objective correlation between grammatical gender complexity and impediments in expressing socially constructed gender. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociolinguistics" title="sociolinguistics">sociolinguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20and%20gender" title=" language and gender"> language and gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Germanic%20linguistics" title=" Germanic linguistics"> Germanic linguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grammatical%20gender" title=" grammatical gender"> grammatical gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=German" title=" German"> German</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dutch" title=" Dutch"> Dutch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English" title=" English"> English</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172818/the-influence-of-grammatical-gender-on-socially-constructed-gender-in-english-dutch-and-german" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6817</span> Investigating Gender Differences in M-Learning Gameplay Adoption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Ping%20Chen">Chih-Ping Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the increasing popularity of and interest in mobile games, there has been little research that evaluates gender differences in users’ actual preferences for mobile game content, and the factors that influence entertainment and mobile-learning habits. To fill this void, this study examines different gender users’ experience of mobile English learning game adoption in order to identify the areas of development in Taiwan, using Uses and Gratification Theory, Expectation Confirmation Theory and experiential value. The integration of these theories forms the basis of an extended research concept. Users’ responses to questions about cognitive perceptions, confirmation, gratifications and continuous use were collected and analyzed with various factors derived from the theories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expectation%20confirmation%20theory" title="expectation confirmation theory">expectation confirmation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiential%20value" title=" experiential value"> experiential value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title=" gender difference"> gender difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20game" title=" mobile game"> mobile game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uses%20and%20gratification" title=" uses and gratification"> uses and gratification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39816/investigating-gender-differences-in-m-learning-gameplay-adoption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6816</span> Public Attitudes toward Domestic Violence against Women in China and Spain: A Cross-Cultural Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Menglu%20Yang">Menglu Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ani%20Beybutyan"> Ani Beybutyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rocio%20Pina"> Rocio Pina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Angel%20Soria"> Miguel Angel Soria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Domestic violence against women is one of the most serious social problems in the world. Attitudes toward domestic violence against women play an important role in the perpetration of violence against women, the way that victims respond to the violence, and how the community responds to violence against women. China and Spain are countries which have been influenced by the culture which males hold power and dominance over the female for a long time. However, as more connected with other European countries, the legal enforcement related to domestic violence against women developed earlier in Spain, and consequently, social awareness of violence against women evolved differently in two countries. The present study aimed to explore and compare the attitudes toward domestic violence against women across China and Spain, and their influence factors, such as gender equality attitudes and coercive control. Totally 506 participants, 255 from China and 251 from Spain completed questionnaires, including attitudes toward domestic violence against women, definition of violence behavior, justification for violence, gender equity attitudes, and coercive control. Results demonstrated that Chinese participants were less aware of domestic violence against women issue but more agreed that such issue was a crime than Spanish participants. In addition to cultural difference, gender equality attitudes, coercive control, gender, and age also affected attitudes toward domestic violence against women. Our findings imply attitudes toward domestic violence against women differ from countries along with the difference in gender equity attitudes and coercive control; such a difference may arise from cultural, traditional belief and current justice system influence. Despite the developed justice system, male dominance culture may lead to maintain the belief that domestic violence is domestic and private issue which police and justice force may not get involved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-cultural%20differences" title="cross-cultural differences">cross-cultural differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20violence" title=" domestic violence"> domestic violence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20attitudes" title=" public attitudes"> public attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violence%20against%20women" title=" violence against women"> violence against women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105704/public-attitudes-toward-domestic-violence-against-women-in-china-and-spain-a-cross-cultural-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6815</span> Friendship Love Orientation as Predictor of Attachment Style: A Gender Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Sana%20Amin">Maria Sana Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anum%20Atiq"> Anum Atiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haya%20Fatimah"> Haya Fatimah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Secure attachment in childhood creates a healthy love attitude in the adulthood. Child secure attachment develops a positive relation attitude in their adulthood, similarly, anxiety-avoidant attachment develops negative attitude toward relations. The aim of this paper is twofold: 1) We investigate the relationship between Friendship Attitude and Attachment Styles; and 2) explore the impact of gender on Love Attitudes and Attachment styles. Data was collected by convincing sampling among the students of University of Management and Technology age group 18- 25. The sample consists 60 young adults (Male=36, Female =54). The Love Attitudes Scales subscale Storage was used to measure attitudes towards friendship love and The Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire was used to measure Adult Attachment Style. The result of Independent T-Test analysis shows that there was no significant difference in anxiety for female and male conditions; t (58) =-.768, p=.446 and avoidance for female and male conditions; t (58) =1.63, p=.108. Moreover, also there was no significant difference in friendship love for female (M=27.37, SD=6.371) and male (M=26.08, SD=5.709) conditions; t (58) =-.820, p=.416. Pearson correlation analysis shows significantly negative correlation between love attitude-friendship and attachment style- avoidance, (r=-.433, p=.008) among male and love attitude-friendship and attachment style- avoidance (r=-.438, p=.032) among female. There are no gender differences in attachment styles i.e. anxiety, avoidance and their relationship with friendship love attitude. People have avoidant attachment find it hard to fall in love and develop intimacy, and they tend to search for independence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avoidance%20attachment%20style" title="avoidance attachment style">avoidance attachment style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety%20attachment%20style" title=" anxiety attachment style"> anxiety attachment style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friendship%20love%20attitude" title=" friendship love attitude"> friendship love attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference%2Fsimilarity" title=" gender difference/similarity"> gender difference/similarity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56943/friendship-love-orientation-as-predictor-of-attachment-style-a-gender-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6814</span> The Impact of Personal Identity on Self-Esteem among Muslim Adolescents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadia%20Ayub">Nadia Ayub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the study was to explore the impact of personal identity on self-esteem among adolescents. Two hypotheses were tested in the study, i.e., personal identity effects on self-esteem; and gender difference in the variables of personal identity and self-esteem. The total of 300 (150 female; 150 male) adolescents participated in the study. Personal identity scale (Ayub, N., In Press), and self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1985) were administered. The findings of the study suggest that positive personal identity impact on self-esteem and gender difference was found on the variables of personal identity and self-esteem. In conclusion, the results of the study are beneficial for researchers, policymakers, psychologists. The strong positive personal identity and self-esteem help in healthy mental development not only in adolescence but throughout the life of individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20identity" title="personal identity">personal identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-esteem" title=" self-esteem"> self-esteem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title=" adolescents"> adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20psychology" title=" positive psychology"> positive psychology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103746/the-impact-of-personal-identity-on-self-esteem-among-muslim-adolescents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103746.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6813</span> Loneliness and Depression in Relation to Latchkey Situation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaneh%20Sadat%20Fattahi%20Massoom">Samaneh Sadat Fattahi Massoom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Salimi%20Bajestani"> Hossein Salimi Bajestani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examines loneliness and depression in students who regularly care for themselves after school (latchkey students) in Mashhad and compares them with parent supervised students using a causal-comparative research method. The 270 participants, aged 7 -13, were selected using convenience and cluster random-assignment sampling. Independent t-test results showed significant differences between loneliness (-4.32, p ≤ 0.05) and depression (-3.02, p ≤0.05) among latchkey and non-latchkey students. Using the Pearson correlation test, significant correlation between depression and loneliness among latchkey students was also discovered (r=0.59, p ≤ 0.05). However, regarding non latchkey students, no significant difference between loneliness and depression was observed (r= 0.02. p ≥ 0.05). Multiple regression results also showed that depression variance can be determined by gender (22%) and loneliness (34%). The findings of this study, specifically the significant difference between latchkey and non-latchkey children regarding feelings of loneliness and depression, carries clear implications for parents. It can be concluded that mothers who spend most of their time working out of the house and devoid their children of their presence in the home may cause some form of mental distress like loneliness and depression. Moreover, gender differences affect the degree of these psychological disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loneliness" title="loneliness">loneliness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-care%20students" title=" self-care students"> self-care students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latchkey%20and%20non-latchkey%20students" title=" latchkey and non-latchkey students"> latchkey and non-latchkey students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28435/loneliness-and-depression-in-relation-to-latchkey-situation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6812</span> Stress and Dysfunctional Eating Behavior in COVID-19 Pandemic: A Gender Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanshika%20Chutani">Vanshika Chutani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priya%20Bhatnagar"> Priya Bhatnagar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pandemic has brought us to a standpoint where stress as a physical, cognitive, and behavioral construct is inevitable. The current research provides an overview of the relationship between stress and dysfunctional eating behavior during the challenging time of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present paper also aims to highlight the gender-specific differences in perception of stress and its correlation with dysfunctional eating behavior in the COVID-19 pandemic. Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS) and Adult Eating Behavior questionnaire (AEBQ) were used on a heterogeneous sample between 20-40 years. The research was conducted on 50 participants, 25 male, and 25 female. Quantitative analysis was done with SPSS 22.0. The results of the investigation revealed a significant difference in stress level, t(48)=2.01, p<0.01, with women (M=22.24. SD=5.23) having a higher stress level than men (M=19.04, SD=4.89). There was no significant difference in dysfunctional eating behavior between males and females. There was a significant positive correlation between stress and dysfunctional eating behavior in females, whereas, in males, there was no significant positive correlation between stress and dysfunctional eating behavior. The research extrapolates that the pandemic led to elevated stress levels in both genders and gender differences existed, and males & females responded differently on dysfunctional eating behavior. The research has also outlined intervention to help individuals cope with stress and dysfunctional eating behavior. The findings of the research propose the execution of different intervention programs and psychological first aid to help individuals who are predisposed to develop eating disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title="stress">stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dysfunctional%20eating%20behavior" title=" dysfunctional eating behavior"> dysfunctional eating behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender-specific%20differences" title=" gender-specific differences"> gender-specific differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143977/stress-and-dysfunctional-eating-behavior-in-covid-19-pandemic-a-gender-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6811</span> Gender Differences in Attitudes to Technology in Primary Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radek%20Novotn%C3%BD">Radek Novotný</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martina%20Man%C4%9Bnov%C3%A1"> Martina Maněnová</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents a summary of reviews on gender differences in perception of information and communication technology (ICT) by pupils in primary education. The article outlines the meaning of ICT in primary education then summarizes different studies of the use of ICT in primary education from the point of view of gender. The article also presents the specific differences of gender in the knowledge of modalities of use of specialized digital tools and the perception and value assigned to ICT, accordingly the article provides insight into the background of gender differences in performance in relation to ICT to determinate the complex meaning of pupils attitudes to the ICT. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT%20in%20primary%20education" title="ICT in primary education">ICT in primary education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes%20to%20ICT" title=" attitudes to ICT"> attitudes to ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20differences" title=" gender differences"> gender differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20and%20ICT" title=" gender and ICT"> gender and ICT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60878/gender-differences-in-attitudes-to-technology-in-primary-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6810</span> Gender and Older People: Reframing Gender Analysis through Lifecycle Lens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supriya%20Akerkar">Supriya Akerkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The UN Decade on Healthy Ageing (2021-2030) provides a new opportunity to address ageing and gender issues in different societies. The concept of gender has been used to unpack and analyse the power and constructions of gender relations in different societies. Such analysis has been employed and used to inform policy and practices of governments and non-governmental organisations to further gender equalities in their work. Yet, experiences of older women and men are often left out of such mainstream gender analysis, marginalising their existence and issues. This paper argues that new critical analytical tools are needed to capture the realities and issues of interest to older women and men. In particular, it argues that gender analysis needs to integrate analytical concepts of ageing and lifecycle approach in its framework. The paper develops such a framework by critical interrogation of the gender analysis tools that are currently applied for framing gender issues in international development and humanitarian work. Informed by the realities and experiences of older women and men, developed through a synthesis of available literature, the paper will develop a new framework for gender analysis that can be used by governments and non-government organisations in their work to further gender justice across the life cycle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ageing" title="ageing">ageing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=older%20people" title=" older people"> older people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20inclusion" title=" social inclusion"> social inclusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138412/gender-and-older-people-reframing-gender-analysis-through-lifecycle-lens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6809</span> Mothers and Daughters’ Relationships: The Gender Dialectic in Cross Cultural Comparison</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ronit%20Reuven%20Even%20Zahav">Ronit Reuven Even Zahav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Mother-daughter relationships are crucial in shaping women's identities, yet research on these relationships during cross-cultural transitions is limited. Research aim: To explore and compare adult mother-daughter relationships among Ethiopian, Russian, and Israeli groups, focusing on gender and ethnicity. Methodology: Qualitative study with 87 participants, included 37 mother-daughter dyads, and 13 mothers, using semi-structured interviews on various themes related to the relationships. Findings: Revealed three relationship patterns among the groups, highlighting differences in sharing, expectations, and stress, with Ethiopian mothers showing distinct characteristics. Theoretical importance: Highlights the impact of intercultural transitions and societal status on mother-daughter relationships, contributing to understanding the gender dialectic. Data collection: Through semi-structured interviews that were thematically coded and analyzed for similarities and differences, providing insights into the relationships. Question addressed: Explored how mother-daughter relationships are influenced by gender, ethnicity, and cross-cultural transitions. Conclusion: Stresses the significance of comprehending the effects of intercultural transitions and social exclusion on mother-daughter relationships, emphasizing the gender dialectic and women's societal status. Cultural aspects of mother-daughter relationships such as sharing and closeness in context of gender expectations of similarity and difference in relationships emphasize the need for a gender-informed tool and contribute to the development of a gender-informed tool that can help comprehend and address inequalities and promote empowerment in mother-daughter relationships within diverse cultural groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20dialectic" title="gender dialectic">gender dialectic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity" title=" diversity"> diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mother-daughter%20relationships" title=" mother-daughter relationships"> mother-daughter relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20informed%20perspectives" title=" gender informed perspectives"> gender informed perspectives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189423/mothers-and-daughters-relationships-the-gender-dialectic-in-cross-cultural-comparison" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6808</span> Impact of Gender Difference on Crop Productivity: The Case of Decha Woreda, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getinet%20Gezahegn%20Gebre">Getinet Gezahegn Gebre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the impact of gender differences on Crop productivity in Decha woreda of southwest Kafa zone, located 140 Km from Jimma Town and 460 km southwest of Addis Ababa, between Bonga town and Omo River. The specific objectives were to assess the extent to which the agricultural production system is gender oriented, to examine access and control over productive resources, and to estimate men’s and women’s productivity in agriculture. Cross-sectional data collected from a total of 140 respondents were used in this study, whereby 65 were female-headed and 75 were male-headed households. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, percentage, t-test and chi-square were used to summarize and compare the information between the two groups. Moreover, Cobb-Douglas(CD) production function was used to estimate the productivity difference in agriculture between male and female-headed households. Results of the study showed that male-headed households (MHH) own more productive resources such as land, livestock, labor and other agricultural inputs as compared to female-headed households (FHH). Moreover, the estimate of CD production function shows that livestock, herbicide use, land size and male labor were statistically significant for MHH, while livestock, land size, herbicides use and female labor were significant variables for FHH. The crop productivity difference between MHH and FHH was about 68.83% in the study area. However, if FHH had equal access to the inputs as MHH, the gross value of the output would be higher by 23.58% for FHH. This might suggest that FHH would be more productive than MHH if they had equal access to inputs as MHH. Based on the results obtained, the following policy implication can be drawn: accessing FHH to inputs that increase the productivity of agriculture, such as herbicides, livestock and male labor; increasing the productivity of land; and introducing technologies that reduce the time and energy of women, especially for enset processing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title="gender difference">gender difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20productivity" title=" crop productivity"> crop productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GDP" title=" GDP"> GDP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163857/impact-of-gender-difference-on-crop-productivity-the-case-of-decha-woreda-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6807</span> Postural Balance And Falls Risk In Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Effect Of Gender Differences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonda%20Jallouli">Sonda Jallouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameh%20Ghroubi"> Sameh Ghroubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Sakka"> Salma Sakka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmoneem%20Yahia"> Abdelmoneem Yahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Habib%20Elleuch"> Mohamed Habib Elleuch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imen%20Ben%20Dhia"> Imen Ben Dhia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chokri%20Mhiri"> Chokri Mhiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Hammouda"> Omar Hammouda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pathophysiology, prevalence, and progression of MS are gender dependent. Indeed, the inflammation is more pronounced in women, but the neurodegeneration is more important in men. In addition, women have more sleep disorders while men suffer more from cognitive decline. These non-physical disorders can negatively affect postural balance and fall risk. However, no study has examined the difference between men and women in those physical parameters in MS. Our objective was to determine the effect gender difference on postural balance and fall risk in MS persons. Methods: Eight men and twelve women with relapsing remitting-MS participated in this study. The assessment includes a posturographic examination to assess static (with eyes opened (EO) and eyes closed (EC)) and dynamic (with EO) postural balance. Unipedal balance and fall risk were assessed by a clinical unipedal balance test and the Four Square Step Test, respectively. Sleep quality was assessed using Spiegel's questionnaire, and cognitive assessment was performed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Simple Reaction Time Test. Results: Compared to men, women showed an increase in CdPVm in static bipedal condition with EC (p=0.037; d=0.71) and a decrease in MoCA scores (p=0.028; d=1.06). No gender differences were found in the other tests. Discussion: Static postural balance was more impaired in women compared to men. This result could be explained by the more pronounced cognitive decline observed in women compared to men. Indeed, cognitive disorders have been shown to be predictive factors of postural balance impairment. Conclusion: women were less stable than men in the static condition, possibly due to their lower cognitive performance. This gender difference could be taken into account by therapists in training programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20sclerosis" title="multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipedal%20postural%20balance" title=" bipedal postural balance"> bipedal postural balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fall%20risk" title=" fall risk"> fall risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20disturbance" title=" sleep disturbance"> sleep disturbance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20deficiency" title=" cognitive deficiency"> cognitive deficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148745/postural-balance-and-falls-risk-in-persons-with-multiple-sclerosis-effect-of-gender-differences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> 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