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data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-c2efdf35-facd-4e91-abc8-436d8bf77055"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-c2efdf35-facd-4e91-abc8-436d8bf77055"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Jon S Olafsson</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840122"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840122/Population_fluctuations_of_chironomid_and_simuliid_Diptera_at_Myvatn_in_1977_1996"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Population fluctuations of chironomid and simuliid Diptera at Myvatn in 1977–1996" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630936/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840122/Population_fluctuations_of_chironomid_and_simuliid_Diptera_at_Myvatn_in_1977_1996">Population fluctuations of chironomid and simuliid Diptera at Myvatn in 1977–1996</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Aquatic Ecology</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Aquatic dipterans dominate the macrozoobenthos of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá and are importan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Aquatic dipterans dominate the macrozoobenthos of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá and are important in the food web. As benthic sampling is time-consuming and expensive, a window trap was developed in order to facilitate the monitoring of the zoobenthos resource. Four window traps were operated at Myvatn and Laxá during 1977–1996. The results yielded population indices for about 20 species of chironomids and one simuliid. Numbers of the most abundant midge species showed close correlations between 2 trap sites on the lake shore, 5 km apart; Cricotopus tibialis did not show such synchrony. At the River Laxá, the dominant blackfly (Simulium vittatum) showed correlation between 2 trap sites, at the outlet and 3 km downstream; while the chironomids, apart from Micropsectra atrofasciata, did not. The dominant midge of Lake Myvatn, Tanytarsus gracilentus showed 3 cyclic oscillations during the 20-year period. The fluctuations were tracked by Micropsectra lindrothi, Procladius islandicus, Orthocladius consobrinus, Psectrocladius barbimanus and Chironomus islandicus. A group of non-cyclic species included Cricotopus sylvestris and Orthocladius oblidens.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c157f195405e172501a6eab889b4c523" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630936,"asset_id":9840122,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630936/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840122"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840122"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840122; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840109"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840109/The_ecology_of_Lake_Myvatn_and_the_River_Lax%C3%A1_Variation_in_space_and_time"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The ecology of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá: Variation in space and time" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47631124/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840109/The_ecology_of_Lake_Myvatn_and_the_River_Lax%C3%A1_Variation_in_space_and_time">The ecology of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá: Variation in space and time</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Aquatic Ecology</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ecological features of Lake Myvatn and the outflowing River Laxá show a wide range of spatial and...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ecological features of Lake Myvatn and the outflowing River Laxá show a wide range of spatial and temporal variations. The physical division of the lake into three main basins and the variation in chemical composition and temperature of the artesian springs feeding this shallow productive lake have large spatial effects. Variation in groundwater characteristics depends on percolation time and proximity to geothermal sources. Variation in precipitation is evened out by the porous volcanic soil and bedrock and the spring-water discharge is therefore very stable. A pulse of volcanic activity in 1975–1984 (the Krafla Fires) heated the groundwater entering the North Basin of the lake and changed its chemistry. Although much reduced, these effects have not disappeared yet, but overall the impact of the volcanic activity on the biota seemed minimal. Recycling of nutrients through internal loading is important and occurs on various time scales. In winter, when the lake is ice-covered, the topmost 5-cm layer of sediment pore water has a hundredfold concentration of nutrients relative to the overlying lake water. The nutrients are released during the ice-free period by sediment resuspension, diffusion, bioturbation and recycling. In spring, resuspension events sometimes lead to spikes in dissolved phosphorus and nitrogen, but there is little evidence of any major desorption of nutrients from suspended particles during such events later in the summer. In contrast to the stable groundwater, the biota show more or less regular fluctuations with no straightforward correlation with external signals. The most prominent fluctuations, those of the chironomid Tanytarsus gracilentus seem to be driven by interactions between the species and its sediment resources. Fluctuations in other invertebrates could be a consequence of the Tanytarsus cycles due to the large impact this species has on the benthic environment of this detritus-driven ecosystem. Temporal variation in epibenthic chironomids and Cladocera translates into variable production of vertebrate predators (Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, and ducks), body condition and mortality of fish and sometimes into return rates of migrating adult ducks. The waterfowl show large temporal variation on a centennial scale, e.g., the invasion of the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) which arrived by the end of the 19th century and has by now outnumbered other species. Fluctuations of Cyanobacteria (Anabaena) and the fish Gasterosteus aculeatus (three-spined stickleback) harmonize with the cycles in the benthic community. Palaeolimnological studies indicate that primary production in the South Basin became increasingly benthic as the lake depth was reduced by sedimentation (around 2 mm year−1). Other trends include a decrease in Tanytarsus and Daphnia and an exponential increase in green algae (Cladophorales, Pediastrum) and associated organisms.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0aa3269790390156171cbaee8d7955ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47631124,"asset_id":9840109,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47631124/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840109"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840109"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840109; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9840102]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9840102,"title":"Food of Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae in Lake Myvatn","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9840102/Food_of_Chironomidae_Diptera_larvae_in_Lake_Myvatn","owner_id":23748278,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":23748278,"first_name":"Jon S","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Olafsson","page_name":"JonSOlafsson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-12-19T08:25:07.994-08:00","display_name":"Jon S Olafsson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JonSOlafsson"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840095"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840095/Longitudinal_changes_in_macroinvertebrate_assemblages_along_a_glacial_river_system_in_central_Iceland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Longitudinal changes in macroinvertebrate assemblages along a glacial river system in central Iceland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630941/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840095/Longitudinal_changes_in_macroinvertebrate_assemblages_along_a_glacial_river_system_in_central_Iceland">Longitudinal changes in macroinvertebrate assemblages along a glacial river system in central Iceland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Freshwater Biology</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were studied in the glacial river West-Jo È kulsa Â, originating...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were studied in the glacial river West-Jo È kulsa Â, originating from the Hofsjo È kull Ice Cap in central Iceland at an altitude of 860 m. Sampling sites were distributed from the source to 45 km downstream at 160 m a.s.l. Comparative studies were carried out on non-glacial rivers and tributaries in the area, at similar altitudes and distances from the glacial source. 2. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) demonstrated that species composition of benthic macroinvertebrates was related to the distance from the glacier. Assemblages at sampling sites furthest from the glacier were similar in species composition to sites in non-glacial rivers. Temporal variation was small compared with longitudinal zonation. 3. Based on canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of data from the main glacial river, distance from the glacier, altitude, bryophyte biomass and the Pfankuch Index of channel stability were the measured explanatory variables having a signi®cant effect on the structure of macroinvertebrate assemblages, accounting for 31% of the total variation in the data set. When data from all the rivers were analysed, altitude, bryophyte biomass, channel slope, suspended sediment concentration and maximum water temperature explained 21% of the variance. 4. Macroinvertebrate communities were in general agreement with the predictions of the conceptual model of for the upstream reaches. The assemblages consisted mainly of Orthocladiinae and Diamesinae (Chironomidae), although other taxa such as Simuliidae, Plecoptera and Trichoptera were also found in low numbers. Shredders were lacking from the benthic communities, apparently because of continued glacial in¯uence in the river even 45 km downstream from the glacier and lack of allochthononus inputs from riparian vegetation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b264a76a7129dd9185ed04a4938aca3b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630941,"asset_id":9840095,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630941/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840095"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840095"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840095; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840094"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840094/Macrobenthic_invertebrate_richness_and_composition_along_a_latitudinal_gradient_of_European_glacier_fed_streams"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Macrobenthic invertebrate richness and composition along a latitudinal gradient of European glacier-fed streams" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630965/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840094/Macrobenthic_invertebrate_richness_and_composition_along_a_latitudinal_gradient_of_European_glacier_fed_streams">Macrobenthic invertebrate richness and composition along a latitudinal gradient of European glacier-fed streams</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Freshwater Biology</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. The in¯uence of 11 environmental variables on benthic macroinvertebrate communities was examin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. The in¯uence of 11 environmental variables on benthic macroinvertebrate communities was examined in seven glacier-fed European streams ranging from Svalbard in the north to the Pyrenees in the south. Between 4 and 11 near-pristine reaches were studied on each stream in 1996±97. 2. Taxonomic richness, measured at the family or subfamily (for Chironomidae) levels for insects and higher levels for non-insects, increased with latitude from Svalbard (3 taxa) to the Pyrenees (29 taxa). 3. A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) incorporating channel stability [Pfankuch Index (PFAN)], tractive force, Froude number (FROU), water conductivity (COND), suspended solids (SUSP) concentration, and maximum temperature explained 79% of the total deviance of the taxonomic richness per reach. Water temperature and the PFAN of stability made the highest contribution to this deviance. In the model, richness response to temperature was positive linear, whereas the response to the PFAN was bell-shaped with an optimum at an intermediate level of stability. 4. Generalized Additive Models calculated for the 16 most frequent taxa explained between 25 (Tipulidae) and 79% (Heptageniidae) of the deviance. In 10 models, more than 50% of the deviance was explained and 11 models had cross-validation correlation ratios above 0.5. Maximum temperature, the PFAN, SUSP and tractive force (TRAC) were the most frequently incorporated explanatory variables. Season and substrate characteristics were very rarely incorporated. 5. Our results highlight the strong deterministic nature of zoobenthic communities in glacier-fed streams and the prominent role of water temperature and substrate stability in determining longitudinal patterns of macroinvertebrate community structure. The GAMs are proposed as a tool for predicting changes of zoobenthic communities in glacier-fed streams under climate or hydrological change scenarios.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9600dca2812831c95192fa22df613bf3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630965,"asset_id":9840094,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630965/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840094"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840094"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840094; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840093"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840093/Chironomid_Diptera_Chironomidae_communities_in_six_European_glacier_fed_streams"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) communities in six European glacier-fed streams" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630954/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840093/Chironomid_Diptera_Chironomidae_communities_in_six_European_glacier_fed_streams">Chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) communities in six European glacier-fed streams</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Freshwater Biology</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A study on glacial stream ecosystems was carried out in six regions across Europe, from Svalbard ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A study on glacial stream ecosystems was carried out in six regions across Europe, from Svalbard to the French Pyrenees. The main aim was to test the validity of the conceptual model of with regard to the zonation of chironomids of glacier-fed rivers along altitudinal and latitudinal gradient. 2. Channel stability varied considerably, both on the latitudinal and altitudinal scale, being lowest in the northern regions (Svalbard, Iceland and Norway) and the Swiss Alps. Water temperature at the upstream sites was always <2°C. 3. There was a prominent difference in taxonomic richness between the Alpine and the northern European regions, with a higher number of taxa in the south. In all regions, the chironomid community was characterized by the genus Diamesa and the subfamily Orthocladiinae. Of a total of 63 taxa recorded, two (Diamesa bertrami and Orthocladius frigidus) were common in all the regions except Svalbard. 4. On the basis of cluster analysis, seven distinct groups of sites were evident amongst glacial-fed systems of the ®ve regions (Pyrenees excluded). This classi®cation separated the glacier-fed streams on geographical, latitudinal and downstream gradients. 5. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) of environmental variables was carried out using 41 taxa at 105 sites. Slope, water depth, distance from source, water temperature and the Pfankuch channel stability index were found to be the major explanatory environmental variables. The analysis separated Diamesinae and typical upstream orthoclads from the other chironomids by low temperature and high channel instability. 6. In all six regions, Diamesa was present closest to the glacier. Within 200 m of the glacier snout, other genera of Diamesinae were found together with Orthocladiinae. Pioneer taxa like Diamesa species coexisted with later colonizers like Eukiefferiella minor/®ttkaui in relatively unstable channels. 7. The longitudinal succession of chironomid assemblages across altitudinal and latitudinal gradients in glacial streams followed the same pattern, with similar genera and groups of species. The general aspects of the conceptual model of were supported. However, Diamesa species have wider temperature limits than predicted and other Diamesinae as well as Orthocladiinae colonize metakryal habitats.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b1d1c0e5d5a2c9c0e2d721cbe1cf8a65" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630954,"asset_id":9840093,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630954/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840093"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840093"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840093; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="2318647" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840122"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840122/Population_fluctuations_of_chironomid_and_simuliid_Diptera_at_Myvatn_in_1977_1996"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Population fluctuations of chironomid and simuliid Diptera at Myvatn in 1977–1996" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630936/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840122/Population_fluctuations_of_chironomid_and_simuliid_Diptera_at_Myvatn_in_1977_1996">Population fluctuations of chironomid and simuliid Diptera at Myvatn in 1977–1996</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Aquatic Ecology</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Aquatic dipterans dominate the macrozoobenthos of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá and are importan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Aquatic dipterans dominate the macrozoobenthos of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá and are important in the food web. As benthic sampling is time-consuming and expensive, a window trap was developed in order to facilitate the monitoring of the zoobenthos resource. Four window traps were operated at Myvatn and Laxá during 1977–1996. The results yielded population indices for about 20 species of chironomids and one simuliid. Numbers of the most abundant midge species showed close correlations between 2 trap sites on the lake shore, 5 km apart; Cricotopus tibialis did not show such synchrony. At the River Laxá, the dominant blackfly (Simulium vittatum) showed correlation between 2 trap sites, at the outlet and 3 km downstream; while the chironomids, apart from Micropsectra atrofasciata, did not. The dominant midge of Lake Myvatn, Tanytarsus gracilentus showed 3 cyclic oscillations during the 20-year period. The fluctuations were tracked by Micropsectra lindrothi, Procladius islandicus, Orthocladius consobrinus, Psectrocladius barbimanus and Chironomus islandicus. A group of non-cyclic species included Cricotopus sylvestris and Orthocladius oblidens.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c157f195405e172501a6eab889b4c523" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630936,"asset_id":9840122,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630936/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840122"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840122"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840122; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840109"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840109/The_ecology_of_Lake_Myvatn_and_the_River_Lax%C3%A1_Variation_in_space_and_time"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The ecology of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá: Variation in space and time" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47631124/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840109/The_ecology_of_Lake_Myvatn_and_the_River_Lax%C3%A1_Variation_in_space_and_time">The ecology of Lake Myvatn and the River Laxá: Variation in space and time</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Aquatic Ecology</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ecological features of Lake Myvatn and the outflowing River Laxá show a wide range of spatial and...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ecological features of Lake Myvatn and the outflowing River Laxá show a wide range of spatial and temporal variations. The physical division of the lake into three main basins and the variation in chemical composition and temperature of the artesian springs feeding this shallow productive lake have large spatial effects. Variation in groundwater characteristics depends on percolation time and proximity to geothermal sources. Variation in precipitation is evened out by the porous volcanic soil and bedrock and the spring-water discharge is therefore very stable. A pulse of volcanic activity in 1975–1984 (the Krafla Fires) heated the groundwater entering the North Basin of the lake and changed its chemistry. Although much reduced, these effects have not disappeared yet, but overall the impact of the volcanic activity on the biota seemed minimal. Recycling of nutrients through internal loading is important and occurs on various time scales. In winter, when the lake is ice-covered, the topmost 5-cm layer of sediment pore water has a hundredfold concentration of nutrients relative to the overlying lake water. The nutrients are released during the ice-free period by sediment resuspension, diffusion, bioturbation and recycling. In spring, resuspension events sometimes lead to spikes in dissolved phosphorus and nitrogen, but there is little evidence of any major desorption of nutrients from suspended particles during such events later in the summer. In contrast to the stable groundwater, the biota show more or less regular fluctuations with no straightforward correlation with external signals. The most prominent fluctuations, those of the chironomid Tanytarsus gracilentus seem to be driven by interactions between the species and its sediment resources. Fluctuations in other invertebrates could be a consequence of the Tanytarsus cycles due to the large impact this species has on the benthic environment of this detritus-driven ecosystem. Temporal variation in epibenthic chironomids and Cladocera translates into variable production of vertebrate predators (Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, and ducks), body condition and mortality of fish and sometimes into return rates of migrating adult ducks. The waterfowl show large temporal variation on a centennial scale, e.g., the invasion of the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) which arrived by the end of the 19th century and has by now outnumbered other species. Fluctuations of Cyanobacteria (Anabaena) and the fish Gasterosteus aculeatus (three-spined stickleback) harmonize with the cycles in the benthic community. Palaeolimnological studies indicate that primary production in the South Basin became increasingly benthic as the lake depth was reduced by sedimentation (around 2 mm year−1). Other trends include a decrease in Tanytarsus and Daphnia and an exponential increase in green algae (Cladophorales, Pediastrum) and associated organisms.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0aa3269790390156171cbaee8d7955ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47631124,"asset_id":9840109,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47631124/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840109"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840109"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840109; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9840102]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9840102,"title":"Food of Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae in Lake Myvatn","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9840102/Food_of_Chironomidae_Diptera_larvae_in_Lake_Myvatn","owner_id":23748278,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":23748278,"first_name":"Jon S","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Olafsson","page_name":"JonSOlafsson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-12-19T08:25:07.994-08:00","display_name":"Jon S Olafsson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JonSOlafsson"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840095"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840095/Longitudinal_changes_in_macroinvertebrate_assemblages_along_a_glacial_river_system_in_central_Iceland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Longitudinal changes in macroinvertebrate assemblages along a glacial river system in central Iceland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630941/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840095/Longitudinal_changes_in_macroinvertebrate_assemblages_along_a_glacial_river_system_in_central_Iceland">Longitudinal changes in macroinvertebrate assemblages along a glacial river system in central Iceland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Freshwater Biology</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were studied in the glacial river West-Jo È kulsa Â, originating...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were studied in the glacial river West-Jo È kulsa Â, originating from the Hofsjo È kull Ice Cap in central Iceland at an altitude of 860 m. Sampling sites were distributed from the source to 45 km downstream at 160 m a.s.l. Comparative studies were carried out on non-glacial rivers and tributaries in the area, at similar altitudes and distances from the glacial source. 2. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) demonstrated that species composition of benthic macroinvertebrates was related to the distance from the glacier. Assemblages at sampling sites furthest from the glacier were similar in species composition to sites in non-glacial rivers. Temporal variation was small compared with longitudinal zonation. 3. Based on canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of data from the main glacial river, distance from the glacier, altitude, bryophyte biomass and the Pfankuch Index of channel stability were the measured explanatory variables having a signi®cant effect on the structure of macroinvertebrate assemblages, accounting for 31% of the total variation in the data set. When data from all the rivers were analysed, altitude, bryophyte biomass, channel slope, suspended sediment concentration and maximum water temperature explained 21% of the variance. 4. Macroinvertebrate communities were in general agreement with the predictions of the conceptual model of for the upstream reaches. The assemblages consisted mainly of Orthocladiinae and Diamesinae (Chironomidae), although other taxa such as Simuliidae, Plecoptera and Trichoptera were also found in low numbers. Shredders were lacking from the benthic communities, apparently because of continued glacial in¯uence in the river even 45 km downstream from the glacier and lack of allochthononus inputs from riparian vegetation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b264a76a7129dd9185ed04a4938aca3b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630941,"asset_id":9840095,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630941/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840095"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840095"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840095; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840094"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840094/Macrobenthic_invertebrate_richness_and_composition_along_a_latitudinal_gradient_of_European_glacier_fed_streams"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Macrobenthic invertebrate richness and composition along a latitudinal gradient of European glacier-fed streams" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630965/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840094/Macrobenthic_invertebrate_richness_and_composition_along_a_latitudinal_gradient_of_European_glacier_fed_streams">Macrobenthic invertebrate richness and composition along a latitudinal gradient of European glacier-fed streams</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Freshwater Biology</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. The in¯uence of 11 environmental variables on benthic macroinvertebrate communities was examin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. The in¯uence of 11 environmental variables on benthic macroinvertebrate communities was examined in seven glacier-fed European streams ranging from Svalbard in the north to the Pyrenees in the south. Between 4 and 11 near-pristine reaches were studied on each stream in 1996±97. 2. Taxonomic richness, measured at the family or subfamily (for Chironomidae) levels for insects and higher levels for non-insects, increased with latitude from Svalbard (3 taxa) to the Pyrenees (29 taxa). 3. A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) incorporating channel stability [Pfankuch Index (PFAN)], tractive force, Froude number (FROU), water conductivity (COND), suspended solids (SUSP) concentration, and maximum temperature explained 79% of the total deviance of the taxonomic richness per reach. Water temperature and the PFAN of stability made the highest contribution to this deviance. In the model, richness response to temperature was positive linear, whereas the response to the PFAN was bell-shaped with an optimum at an intermediate level of stability. 4. Generalized Additive Models calculated for the 16 most frequent taxa explained between 25 (Tipulidae) and 79% (Heptageniidae) of the deviance. In 10 models, more than 50% of the deviance was explained and 11 models had cross-validation correlation ratios above 0.5. Maximum temperature, the PFAN, SUSP and tractive force (TRAC) were the most frequently incorporated explanatory variables. Season and substrate characteristics were very rarely incorporated. 5. Our results highlight the strong deterministic nature of zoobenthic communities in glacier-fed streams and the prominent role of water temperature and substrate stability in determining longitudinal patterns of macroinvertebrate community structure. The GAMs are proposed as a tool for predicting changes of zoobenthic communities in glacier-fed streams under climate or hydrological change scenarios.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9600dca2812831c95192fa22df613bf3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630965,"asset_id":9840094,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630965/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840094"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840094"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840094; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9840093"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840093/Chironomid_Diptera_Chironomidae_communities_in_six_European_glacier_fed_streams"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) communities in six European glacier-fed streams" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47630954/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9840093/Chironomid_Diptera_Chironomidae_communities_in_six_European_glacier_fed_streams">Chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) communities in six European glacier-fed streams</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Freshwater Biology</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A study on glacial stream ecosystems was carried out in six regions across Europe, from Svalbard ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A study on glacial stream ecosystems was carried out in six regions across Europe, from Svalbard to the French Pyrenees. The main aim was to test the validity of the conceptual model of with regard to the zonation of chironomids of glacier-fed rivers along altitudinal and latitudinal gradient. 2. Channel stability varied considerably, both on the latitudinal and altitudinal scale, being lowest in the northern regions (Svalbard, Iceland and Norway) and the Swiss Alps. Water temperature at the upstream sites was always <2°C. 3. There was a prominent difference in taxonomic richness between the Alpine and the northern European regions, with a higher number of taxa in the south. In all regions, the chironomid community was characterized by the genus Diamesa and the subfamily Orthocladiinae. Of a total of 63 taxa recorded, two (Diamesa bertrami and Orthocladius frigidus) were common in all the regions except Svalbard. 4. On the basis of cluster analysis, seven distinct groups of sites were evident amongst glacial-fed systems of the ®ve regions (Pyrenees excluded). This classi®cation separated the glacier-fed streams on geographical, latitudinal and downstream gradients. 5. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) of environmental variables was carried out using 41 taxa at 105 sites. Slope, water depth, distance from source, water temperature and the Pfankuch channel stability index were found to be the major explanatory environmental variables. The analysis separated Diamesinae and typical upstream orthoclads from the other chironomids by low temperature and high channel instability. 6. In all six regions, Diamesa was present closest to the glacier. Within 200 m of the glacier snout, other genera of Diamesinae were found together with Orthocladiinae. Pioneer taxa like Diamesa species coexisted with later colonizers like Eukiefferiella minor/®ttkaui in relatively unstable channels. 7. The longitudinal succession of chironomid assemblages across altitudinal and latitudinal gradients in glacial streams followed the same pattern, with similar genera and groups of species. The general aspects of the conceptual model of were supported. However, Diamesa species have wider temperature limits than predicted and other Diamesinae as well as Orthocladiinae colonize metakryal habitats.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b1d1c0e5d5a2c9c0e2d721cbe1cf8a65" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47630954,"asset_id":9840093,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47630954/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9840093"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9840093"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9840093; 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