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id="toc-TV_signal_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-UHF_converter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UHF_converter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>UHF converter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UHF_converter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cable_converter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cable_converter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Cable converter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cable_converter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Closed_captioning_box" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Closed_captioning_box"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Closed captioning box</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Closed_captioning_box-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_television_adapter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_television_adapter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Digital television adapter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_television_adapter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_set-top_box" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_set-top_box"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Professional set-top box</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_set-top_box-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hybrid_box" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hybrid_box"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Hybrid box</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hybrid_box-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IPTV_receiver" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IPTV_receiver"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>IPTV receiver</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPTV_receiver-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Programming_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Programming_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Programming features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Programming_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Electronic_program_guide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electronic_program_guide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Electronic program guide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electronic_program_guide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Favorites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Favorites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Favorites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Favorites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Timer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Convenience_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Convenience_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Convenience features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Convenience_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Controls_on_the_box" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controls_on_the_box"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Controls on the box</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controls_on_the_box-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remote_controls_that_work_with_other_TVs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remote_controls_that_work_with_other_TVs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Remote controls that work with other TVs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remote_controls_that_work_with_other_TVs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parental_locks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parental_locks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Parental locks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parental_locks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Software_alternatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Software_alternatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Software alternatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Software_alternatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Firmware_update_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Firmware_update_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Firmware update features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Firmware_update_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ambiguities_in_the_definition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ambiguities_in_the_definition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ambiguities in the definition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ambiguities_in_the_definition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ambiguities in the definition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ambiguities_in_the_definition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Costs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Costs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Costs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Costs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Energy use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Set-top box</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C9%99q%C9%99msal_televiziya_q%C9%99buledicisi" title="Rəqəmsal televiziya qəbuledicisi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rəqəmsal televiziya qəbuledicisi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F-%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AA_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="সেট-টপ বক্স – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সেট-টপ বক্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descodificador" title="Descodificador – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Descodificador" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tv-modtagerboks" title="Tv-modtagerboks – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tv-modtagerboks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-Top-Box" title="Set-Top-Box – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Set-Top-Box" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digiboks" title="Digiboks – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Digiboks" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decodificador_de_televisi%C3%B3n" title="Decodificador de televisión – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Decodificador de televisión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telebistako_dekodifikatzaile" title="Telebistako dekodifikatzaile – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Telebistako dekodifikatzaile" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="گیرنده دیجیتال تلویزیون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گیرنده دیجیتال تلویزیون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%85%8B%ED%86%B1%EB%B0%95%EC%8A%A4" title="셋톱박스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="셋톱박스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F-%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सेट-टॉप बॉक्स – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सेट-टॉप बॉक्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotak-atas-perangkat" title="Kotak-atas-perangkat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kotak-atas-perangkat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D-%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="സെറ്റ്-ടോപ് ബോക്സ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെറ്റ്-ടോപ് ബോക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotak_atas_set" title="Kotak atas set – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kotak atas set" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settopbox" title="Settopbox – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Settopbox" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%88%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%9C%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9" title="セットトップボックス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セットトップボックス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV-mottaker" title="TV-mottaker – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="TV-mottaker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ресивер цифрового телевидения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ресивер цифрового телевидения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settopbox" title="Settopbox – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Settopbox" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%82-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Сет-топ бокс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сет-топ бокс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top-box" title="Set-top-box – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Set-top-box" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="தொலைக்காட்சி அணுக்கப் பெட்டி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொலைக்காட்சி அணுக்கப் பெட்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" title="กล่องรับสัญญาณ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กล่องรับสัญญาณ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_%C3%BCst%C3%BC_kutusu" title="Set üstü kutusu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Set üstü kutusu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Телевізійна приставка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Телевізійна приставка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Set-top box" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Electronic device to convert a signal to an output for a television</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TEAC_DVB-T_Receiver.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/TEAC_DVB-T_Receiver.JPG/260px-TEAC_DVB-T_Receiver.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/TEAC_DVB-T_Receiver.JPG/390px-TEAC_DVB-T_Receiver.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/TEAC_DVB-T_Receiver.JPG/520px-TEAC_DVB-T_Receiver.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>A typical modern set-top box, along with its remote control - pictured here a <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">digital terrestrial TV</a> receiver by <a href="/wiki/TEAC_Corporation" title="TEAC Corporation">TEAC</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>set-top box</b> (<b>STB</b>), also known as a <b><a href="/wiki/Cable_converter_box" title="Cable converter box">cable box</a></b>, <b>receiver,</b> or simply <b>box</b>, and historically <b>television decoder</b> or a <b>converter</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="/wiki/Information_appliance" title="Information appliance">information appliance</a> device that generally contains a <a href="/wiki/Tuner_(radio)#Television" title="Tuner (radio)">TV tuner</a> input and displays output to a <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">television set</a>, turning the source <a href="/wiki/Signal" title="Signal">signal</a> into <a href="/wiki/Media_(communications)" class="mw-redirect" title="Media (communications)">content</a> in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other <a href="/wiki/Display_device" title="Display device">display device</a>. It is designed to be placed alongside or "on top" (hence the name) of a television set.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Set-top boxes are used in <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable television</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">satellite television</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_television" title="Terrestrial television">terrestrial television</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_television" title="Internet Protocol television">Internet Protocol television</a> systems, as well as other uses such as <a href="/wiki/Digital_media_player" title="Digital media player">digital media players</a> ("streaming boxes"). Alternatives to set-top boxes are the smaller <a href="/wiki/Dongle" title="Dongle">dongles</a>, and television sets with built-in TV tuners. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TV_signal_sources">TV signal sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: TV signal sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sat-Receiver_Palcom_DSL-350.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Sat-Receiver_Palcom_DSL-350.jpg/200px-Sat-Receiver_Palcom_DSL-350.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Sat-Receiver_Palcom_DSL-350.jpg/300px-Sat-Receiver_Palcom_DSL-350.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Sat-Receiver_Palcom_DSL-350.jpg/400px-Sat-Receiver_Palcom_DSL-350.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2840" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>A consumer Palcom DSL-350 satellite-receiver; the <a href="/wiki/Intermediate_frequency" title="Intermediate frequency">IF</a> <a href="/wiki/Demodulation" title="Demodulation">demodulation</a> tuner is on the bottom left, and a <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a> <a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a> decoder <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a> is in the center of the board. The <a href="/wiki/Power_supply" title="Power supply">power supply</a> is on the right.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sky_Q_Silver.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Sky_Q_Silver.jpg/220px-Sky_Q_Silver.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Sky_Q_Silver.jpg/330px-Sky_Q_Silver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Sky_Q_Silver.jpg/440px-Sky_Q_Silver.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4497" data-file-height="2060" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Sky_Q" title="Sky Q">Sky Q</a> digital satellite receiver set-top box</figcaption></figure><p>The signal source might be an <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a> cable, a <a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish" title="Satellite dish">satellite dish</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Coaxial_cable" title="Coaxial cable">coaxial cable</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable television</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone">telephone</a> line (including <a href="/wiki/Digital_subscriber_line" title="Digital subscriber line">DSL</a> connections), <a href="/wiki/Broadband_over_power_lines" title="Broadband over power lines">broadband over power lines</a> (BPL), or even an ordinary <a href="/wiki/Very_high_frequency" title="Very high frequency">VHF</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a> <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(radio)" title="Antenna (radio)">antenna</a>. Content, in this context, could mean any or all of <a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">audio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> <a href="/wiki/Web_page" title="Web page">web pages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interactivity" title="Interactivity">interactive</a> <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a>, or other possibilities. Satellite and microwave-based services also require specific external receiver hardware, so the use of set-top boxes of various formats has never completely disappeared. Set-top boxes can also enhance source signal quality. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UHF_converter">UHF converter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: UHF converter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the <a href="/wiki/All-Channel_Receiver_Act" title="All-Channel Receiver Act">All-Channel Receiver Act</a> of 1962 required US <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">television receivers</a> to be able to tune the entire <a href="/wiki/Very_high_frequency" title="Very high frequency">VHF</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a> range (which in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> was <a href="/wiki/NTSC#NTSC-M" title="NTSC">NTSC-M</a> channels <a href="/wiki/Pan-American_television_frequencies" title="Pan-American television frequencies">2 through 83</a> on 54 to 890<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">MHz</a>), a set-top box known as a UHF converter would be installed at the receiver to shift a portion of the UHF-TV spectrum onto low-VHF channels for viewing. As some 1960s-era 12-channel TV sets remained in use for many years, and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> were slower than the US to require UHF tuners to be factory-installed in new TVs, a market for these converters continued to exist for much of the 1970s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cable_converter">Cable converter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cable converter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cable_converter_box" title="Cable converter box">Cable converter box</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HK_Cable_TV_Settop_Box_2002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/HK_Cable_TV_Settop_Box_2002.jpg/220px-HK_Cable_TV_Settop_Box_2002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/HK_Cable_TV_Settop_Box_2002.jpg/330px-HK_Cable_TV_Settop_Box_2002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/HK_Cable_TV_Settop_Box_2002.jpg/440px-HK_Cable_TV_Settop_Box_2002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>An older digital cable TV set-top box</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable television</a> represented a possible alternative to deployment of UHF converters as broadcasts could be frequency-shifted to VHF channels at the cable head-end instead of the final viewing location. However, most cable systems could not accommodate the full 54-to-890 MHz VHF/UHF frequency range and the twelve channels of VHF space were quickly exhausted on most systems. Adding any additional channels therefore needed to be done by inserting the extra signals into cable systems on nonstandard frequencies, typically either below VHF <a href="/wiki/Pan-American_television_frequencies" title="Pan-American television frequencies">channel 7</a> (midband) or directly above VHF channel 13 (superband). </p><p>These frequencies corresponded to non-television services (such as two-way radio) over the air and were therefore not on standard TV receivers. Before cable-ready TV sets became common in the late 1980s, an electronic tuning device called a <a href="/wiki/Cable_converter_box" title="Cable converter box">cable converter box</a> was needed to receive the additional <a href="/wiki/Analog_television" title="Analog television">analogue</a> <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable</a> <a href="/wiki/Television_channel" title="Television channel">TV channels</a> and transpose or convert the selected channel to analogue <a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">radio frequency</a> (RF) for viewing on a regular TV set on a single channel, usually <a href="/wiki/Very_high_frequency" title="Very high frequency">VHF</a> channel 3 or 4. The box allowed an analogue non–cable-ready <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> set to receive analogue encrypted cable channels and was a prototype topology for later date digital encryption devices. Newer televisions were then converted to be analogue cypher cable-ready, with the standard converter built-in for selling <a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">premium television</a> (aka <a href="/wiki/Pay-per-view" title="Pay-per-view">pay-per-view</a>). Several years later and slowly marketed, the advent of <a href="/wiki/Digital_cable" title="Digital cable">digital cable</a> continued and increased the need for various forms of these devices. <a href="/wiki/Low-noise_block_downconverter" title="Low-noise block downconverter">Block conversion</a> of the entire affected frequency band onto <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a>, while less common, was used by some models to provide full <a href="/wiki/Videocassette_recorder" title="Videocassette recorder">VCR</a> compatibility and the ability to drive multiple TV sets, albeit with a somewhat nonstandard channel numbering scheme. </p><p>Newer television receivers greatly reduced the need for external set-top boxes, although <a href="/wiki/Cable_converter_box" title="Cable converter box">cable converter boxes</a> continue to be used to <a href="/wiki/Scrambler" title="Scrambler">descramble</a> premium cable channels according to carrier-controlled access restrictions, and to receive digital cable channels, along with using interactive services like <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">video on demand</a>, pay per view, and <a href="/wiki/Home_shopping" title="Home shopping">home shopping</a> through television. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Closed_captioning_box">Closed captioning box</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Closed captioning box"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Set-top boxes were also made to enable <a href="/wiki/Closed_captioning" title="Closed captioning">closed captioning</a> on older sets in North America, before this became a mandated inclusion in new <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">television sets</a>. Some have also been produced to mute the <a href="/wiki/Sound_recording_and_reproduction" title="Sound recording and reproduction">audio</a> (or replace it with noise) when <a href="/wiki/Profanity" title="Profanity">profanity</a> is detected in the captioning, where the offensive word is also blocked. Some also include a <a href="/wiki/V-chip" title="V-chip">V-chip</a> that allows only programs of some <a href="/wiki/Television_content_rating_system" title="Television content rating system">television content rating systems</a>. A function that limits children's time watching TV or playing <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a> may also be built in, though some work on main electricity rather than the video signal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_television_adapter">Digital television adapter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Digital television adapter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Digital_television_adapter" title="Digital television adapter">Digital television adapter</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Digital_television_transition" title="Digital television transition">transition</a> to <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">digital terrestrial television</a> after the turn of the millennium left many existing <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">television receivers</a> unable to tune and display the new signal directly. In the United States, where the <a href="/wiki/Digital_television_transition_in_the_United_States" title="Digital television transition in the United States">analogue shutdown</a> was completed in 2009 for full-service broadcasters, a federal subsidy was offered for <a href="/wiki/Coupon-eligible_converter_box" title="Coupon-eligible converter box">coupon-eligible converter boxes</a> with deliberately limited capability which would restore signals lost to digital transition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_set-top_box">Professional set-top box</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Professional set-top box"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Integrated_receiver/decoder" title="Integrated receiver/decoder">Integrated receiver/decoder</a></div> <p>Professional set-top boxes are referred to as IRDs or <a href="/wiki/Integrated_receiver/decoder" title="Integrated receiver/decoder">integrated receiver/decoders</a> in the professional broadcast audio/video industry. They are designed for more robust field handling and <a href="/wiki/19-inch_rack" title="19-inch rack">rack mounting</a> environments. IRDs are capable of outputting uncompressed <a href="/wiki/Serial_digital_interface" title="Serial digital interface">serial digital interface</a> signals, unlike consumer STBs which usually do not, mostly because of copyright reasons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hybrid_box">Hybrid box</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hybrid box"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lenovo_A30_Internet_TV_Set_Top_Box_-_Front_with_Remote_(6639767915).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lenovo_A30_Internet_TV_Set_Top_Box_-_Front_with_Remote_%286639767915%29.jpg/220px-Lenovo_A30_Internet_TV_Set_Top_Box_-_Front_with_Remote_%286639767915%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lenovo_A30_Internet_TV_Set_Top_Box_-_Front_with_Remote_%286639767915%29.jpg/330px-Lenovo_A30_Internet_TV_Set_Top_Box_-_Front_with_Remote_%286639767915%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lenovo_A30_Internet_TV_Set_Top_Box_-_Front_with_Remote_%286639767915%29.jpg/440px-Lenovo_A30_Internet_TV_Set_Top_Box_-_Front_with_Remote_%286639767915%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="696" /></a><figcaption>Lenovo A30 set-top box</figcaption></figure> <p>Hybrid set-top boxes, such as those used for <a href="/wiki/Smart_TV" title="Smart TV">Smart TV</a> programming, enable viewers to access multiple TV delivery methods (including terrestrial, cable, internet, and satellite);<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> like IPTV boxes, they include <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">video on demand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Time_shifting" title="Time shifting">time-shifting</a> TV, Internet applications, <a href="/wiki/Videotelephony" title="Videotelephony">videotelephony</a>, surveillance, gaming, shopping, TV-centric <a href="/wiki/Electronic_program_guide" title="Electronic program guide">electronic program guides</a>, and e-government. By integrating varying delivery streams, hybrids (sometimes known as "TV-centric"<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) enable pay-TV operators more flexible application deployment, which decreases the cost of launching new services, increases speed to market, and limits disruption for consumers.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As examples, <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_Broadcast_Broadband_TV" title="Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV">Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV</a> (HbbTV) set-top boxes allow traditional TV broadcasts, whether from <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">terrestrial</a> (DTT), satellite, or cable providers, to be brought together with video delivered over the Internet and personal multimedia content. <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Digital_Broadcast" title="Advanced Digital Broadcast">Advanced Digital Broadcast</a> (ADB) launched its first hybrid DTT/IPTV set-top box in 2005,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which provided <a href="/wiki/Telef%C3%B3nica" title="Telefónica">Telefónica</a> with the digital TV platform for its <a href="/wiki/Movistar_TV" title="Movistar TV">Movistar TV</a> service by the end of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, ADB provided Europe's first <a href="/wiki/Three-way_hybrid" title="Three-way hybrid">three-way hybrid</a> digital TV platform to Polish digital satellite operator <a href="/wiki/N_(Poland)" title="N (Poland)">n</a>, which enables subscribers to view integrated content whether delivered via satellite, terrestrial, or internet.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>UK-based <a href="/wiki/Inview_Technology" title="Inview Technology">Inview Technology</a> has over 8<span class="nowrap"> </span>million STBs deployed in the UK for <a href="/wiki/Teletext" title="Teletext">teletext</a> and an original push <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">VOD</a> service for Top Up TV. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IPTV_receiver">IPTV receiver</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: IPTV receiver"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Motorola_IPTV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Motorola_IPTV.jpg/220px-Motorola_IPTV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Motorola_IPTV.jpg/330px-Motorola_IPTV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Motorola_IPTV.jpg/440px-Motorola_IPTV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>An older model IPTV receiver set-top box built by <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_television" title="Internet Protocol television">IPTV</a> networks, the set-top box is a small computer providing two-way communications on an <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">IP</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">network</a> and decoding the video <a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming media</a>. IP set-top boxes have a built-in <a href="/wiki/Home_network" title="Home network">home network</a> interface that can be <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, Wireless (802.11<span class="nowrap"> </span>g,n,ac), or one of the existing wire home networking technologies such as <a href="/wiki/HomePNA" title="HomePNA">HomePNA</a> or the <a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a> <a href="/wiki/G.hn" title="G.hn">G.hn</a> standard, which provides a way to create a high-speed (up to 1 Gbit/s) <a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">local area network</a> using existing home wiring (<a href="/wiki/Power-line_communication" title="Power-line communication">power lines</a>, phone lines, and <a href="/wiki/Ethernet_over_coax" title="Ethernet over coax">coaxial cables</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the US and Europe, telephone companies use IPTV (often on <a href="/wiki/ADSL" title="ADSL">ADSL</a> or <a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fibre</a> networks) as a means to compete with traditional local <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable television</a> monopolies. </p><p>This type of service is distinct from <a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">streaming television</a>, which involves third-party content over the public Internet not controlled by the local system operator. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Programming_features">Programming features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Programming features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Electronic_program_guide">Electronic program guide</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Electronic program guide"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Electronic_program_guide" title="Electronic program guide">Electronic program guides</a> and interactive program guides provide users of television, radio, and other media applications with continuously updated menus displaying <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_programming" title="Broadcast programming">broadcast programming</a> or scheduling information for current and upcoming programming. Some guides, such as <a href="/wiki/ITV1" title="ITV1">ITV</a>, also feature backward scrolling to promote their catch-up content.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Favorites">Favorites</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Favorites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This feature allows the user to choose preferred channels, making them easier and quicker to access; this is handy with the wide range of digital channels on offer. The concept of favourite channels is superficially similar to that of the "<a href="/wiki/Bookmark_(digital)" title="Bookmark (digital)">bookmark</a>" function offered in many web browsers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Timer">Timer</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Timer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Timer#Electronic_timers" title="Timer">timer</a> allows the user to program and enable the box to switch between channels at certain times: this is handy to record from more than one channel while the user is out. The user still needs to program the VCR or DVD recorder. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Convenience_features">Convenience features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Convenience features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Controls_on_the_box">Controls on the box</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Controls on the box"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some models have controls on the box, as well as on the <a href="/wiki/Remote_control" title="Remote control">remote control</a>. This is useful should the user lose the remote or if the batteries age. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Remote_controls_that_work_with_other_TVs">Remote controls that work with other TVs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Remote controls that work with other TVs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some <a href="/wiki/Remote_control" title="Remote control">remote controls</a> can also control some basic functions of various brands of TVs. This allows the user to use just one remote to turn the TV on and off, adjust volume, or switch between digital and analogue TV channels or between <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">terrestrial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">internet</a> channels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Parental_locks">Parental locks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Parental locks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Parental_controls" title="Parental controls">parental lock</a> or <a href="/wiki/Internet_filter" title="Internet filter">content filters</a> allow users over 18 years old to block access to channels that are not appropriate for children, using a <a href="/wiki/Personal_identification_number" title="Personal identification number">personal identification number</a>. Some boxes simply block all channels, while others allow the user to restrict access to chosen channels not suitable for children below certain ages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Software_alternatives">Software alternatives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Software alternatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As complexity and potential programming faults of the set-top box increase,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> software such as <a href="/wiki/MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Select-TV" title="Select-TV">Select-TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Center" title="Windows Media Center">Media Center</a> have developed features comparable to those of set-top boxes, ranging from basic DVR-like functionality to <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> copying, <a href="/wiki/Home_automation" title="Home automation">home automation</a>, and housewide music or video playback. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Firmware_update_features">Firmware update features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Firmware update features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Set-top_box_firmware_being_updated.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Set-top_box_firmware_being_updated.jpg/220px-Set-top_box_firmware_being_updated.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Set-top_box_firmware_being_updated.jpg/330px-Set-top_box_firmware_being_updated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Set-top_box_firmware_being_updated.jpg/440px-Set-top_box_firmware_being_updated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Set-top box firmware being updated</figcaption></figure> <p>Almost all modern set-top boxes feature automatic <a href="/wiki/Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">firmware update</a> processes. The firmware update is typically provided by the service provider. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ambiguities_in_the_definition">Ambiguities in the definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Ambiguities in the definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the advent of <a href="/wiki/Flat-panel_display" title="Flat-panel display">flat-panel televisions</a>, set-top boxes are now deeper in profile than the tops of most modern TV sets. Because of this, set-top boxes are often placed beneath televisions, and the term set-top box has become something of a <a href="/wiki/Misnomer" title="Misnomer">misnomer</a>, possibly helping the adoption of the term <i>digibox</i>. Additionally, newer set-top boxes that sit at the edge of IP-based distribution networks are often called net-top boxes or NTBs, to differentiate between IP and RF inputs. The Roku LT is around the size of a pack of cards and delivers Smart TV to conventional sets.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The distinction between external tuner or <a href="/wiki/Demodulation" title="Demodulation">demodulator</a> boxes (traditionally considered to be "set-top boxes") and storage devices (such as VCR, DVD, or disc-based PVR units) is also blurred by the increasing deployment of satellite and cable tuner boxes with a <a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">hard disk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Local-area_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Local-area network">network</a> or <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a> interfaces built-in. </p><p>Devices with the capabilities of <a href="/wiki/Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">computer terminals</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/MSN_TV" title="MSN TV">WebTV</a> <a href="/wiki/Thin_client" title="Thin client">thin client</a>, also fall into the grey area that could invite the term "NTB". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Europe, a set-top box does not necessarily contain a <a href="/wiki/Tuner_(radio)" title="Tuner (radio)">tuner</a> of its own. A box connected to a television (or VCR) <a href="/wiki/SCART" title="SCART">SCART</a> connector is fed with the <a href="/wiki/Baseband" title="Baseband">baseband</a> television signal from the set's tuner, and can have the television display the returned processed signal instead. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pace_DC757X_cable_box_mod.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Pace_DC757X_cable_box_mod.jpg/220px-Pace_DC757X_cable_box_mod.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Pace_DC757X_cable_box_mod.jpg/330px-Pace_DC757X_cable_box_mod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Pace_DC757X_cable_box_mod.jpg/440px-Pace_DC757X_cable_box_mod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2034" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pace_plc" title="Pace plc">Pace Micro Technology</a> DC757X set top box</figcaption></figure> <p>This SCART feature had been used for connection to analogue decoding equipment by <a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">pay-TV</a> operators in Europe, and in the past, it was used for connection to teletext equipment before the decoders became built-in. The outgoing signal could be of the same nature as the incoming signal, or <a href="/wiki/YPbPr" title="YPbPr">RGB</a> <a href="/wiki/Component_video" title="Component video">component video</a>, or even an "<a href="/wiki/Local_insertion" title="Local insertion">insert</a>" over the original signal, due to the "fast switching" feature of SCART. </p><p>In case of analogue pay-TV, this approach avoided the need for a second <a href="/wiki/Remote_control" title="Remote control">remote control</a>. The use of <a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">digital television</a> signals in more modern pay-TV schemes requires that decoding take place before the digital-to-analogue conversion step, rendering the video outputs of an analogue SCART connector no longer suitable for interconnection to decryption hardware. Standards such as <a href="/wiki/DVB" title="DVB">DVB</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Common_Interface" title="Common Interface">Common Interface</a> and <a href="/wiki/ATSC_standards" title="ATSC standards">ATSC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/CableCARD" title="CableCARD">CableCARD</a> therefore use a <a href="/wiki/PCMCIA" title="PCMCIA">PCMCIA</a>-like card inserted as part of the digital signal path as their alternative to a tuner-equipped set-top box. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Costs">Costs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Costs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>, the cost to a cable provider in the United States for a set-top box is between $150 for a basic box to $250 for a more sophisticated box. In 2016, the average <a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">pay-TV</a> subscriber paid $231 per year to lease their set-top box from a cable service provider.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Energy_use">Energy use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Energy use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2011, a report from the American National Resources Defense Council brought attention to the <a href="/wiki/Efficient_energy_use" title="Efficient energy use">energy efficiency</a> of set-top boxes,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">United States Department of Energy</a> announced plans to consider the adoption of energy efficiency standards for set-top boxes.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2011, the National Cable & Telecommunications Association announced a new energy efficiency initiative that commits the largest American cable operators to the purchase of set-top boxes that meet <a href="/wiki/Energy_Star" title="Energy Star">Energy Star</a> standards and the development of <a href="/wiki/Sleep_mode" title="Sleep mode">sleep modes</a> that will use less energy when the set-top box is not being used to watch or record video.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AllVid" title="AllVid">AllVid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CableCARD" title="CableCARD">CableCARD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_digital_media_players" title="Comparison of digital media players">Comparison of digital media players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTV_receiver" title="DTV receiver">DTV receiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media_player" title="Digital media player">Digital media player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microconsole" title="Microconsole">Microconsole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_service" title="Over-the-top media service">Over-the-top media service</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210303181812/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-C-ED/80s/C-ED-1981-12.pdf">"Communications Engineering Digest/The Magazine of Broadband Technology"</a> 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-06-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=digitaltvnews.net&rft.atitle=ADB+Delivers+World%27s+First+Hybrid%2C+Single-Chip%2C+Advanced+Video+Coding%2C+High+Definition+IPTV+Set-Top+Boxes+To+Telef%C3%B3nica&rft.date=2006-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitaltvnews.net%2Fitems%2F060911adb_spain.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/09/12/adb-takes-%E2%80%98n%E2%80%99-hybrid-ibc09/">"ADB takes 'n' hybrid"</a>. <i>broadbandtvnews.com</i>. 12 September 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704130208/http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/09/12/adb-takes-%e2%80%98n%e2%80%99-hybrid-ibc09/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=broadbandtvnews.com&rft.atitle=ADB+takes+%27n%27+hybrid&rft.date=2009-09-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadbandtvnews.com%2F2009%2F09%2F12%2Fadb-takes-%25E2%2580%2598n%25E2%2580%2599-hybrid-ibc09%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/newslog/New+Global+Standard+For+Fully+Networked+Home.aspx">New global standard for fully networked home</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090221090736/http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/newslog/New+Global+Standard+For+Fully+Networked+Home.aspx">Archived</a> 2009-02-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, ITU-T Press Release</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itv.com/tvguide/">"Today - TV Guide"</a>. <i>itv.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201203417/http://www.itv.com/tvguide/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=itv.com&rft.atitle=Today+-+TV+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itv.com%2Ftvguide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computer.org/portal/site/computer/menuitem.eb7d70008ce52e4b0ef1bd108bcd45f3/index.jsp?&pName=computer_level1&path=computer/homepage/Aug07&file=profession.xml&xsl=article.xsl&;jsessionid=HlLtV9yJh01bCLb3GTQCZJL2VxGNxZPZLvJWXJpJwsjg2711JmW9">"The Chimera of Software Quality"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180428025525/https://www.computer.org/portal/site/computer/menuitem.eb7d70008ce52e4b0ef1bd108bcd45f3/index.jsp?&pName=computer_level1&path=computer%2Fhomepage%2FAug07&file=profession.xml&xsl=article.xsl&%3Bjsessionid=HlLtV9yJh01bCLb3GTQCZJL2VxGNxZPZLvJWXJpJwsjg2711JmW9">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-04-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chimera+of+Software+Quality&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computer.org%2Fportal%2Fsite%2Fcomputer%2Fmenuitem.eb7d70008ce52e4b0ef1bd108bcd45f3%2Findex.jsp%3F%26pName%3Dcomputer_level1%26path%3Dcomputer%2Fhomepage%2FAug07%26file%3Dprofession.xml%26xsl%3Darticle.xsl%26%3Bjsessionid%3DHlLtV9yJh01bCLb3GTQCZJL2VxGNxZPZLvJWXJpJwsjg2711JmW9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span> 080322 computer.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Which? Consumer's Guide; October 2012; page 41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLazarus2018" class="citation news cs1">Lazarus, David (2018-10-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/business/lazarus/la-fi-lazarus-spectrum-cable-rate-hike-20181030-story.html">"How much does a cable box really cost? The industry would prefer you don't ask"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=How+much+does+a+cable+box+really+cost%3F+The+industry+would+prefer+you+don%27t+ask&rft.date=2018-10-30&rft.aulast=Lazarus&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Flazarus%2Fla-fi-lazarus-spectrum-cable-rate-hike-20181030-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrdc.org/energy/files/settopboxes.pdf">"settopboxes.pdf"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225090851/http://www.nrdc.org/energy/files/settopboxes.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2012-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=settopboxes.pdf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrdc.org%2Fenergy%2Ffiles%2Fsettopboxes.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span> Natural Resources Defense Council.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120129235500/http://www.eesi.org/cable-boxes-and-dvrs-can-appliance-standards-help-tame-these-hidden-energy-hogs-30-jun-2011">"Cable Boxes and DVRs: Can Appliance Standards Help Tame These Hidden Energy Hogs?"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cable+Boxes+and+DVRs%3A+Can+Appliance+Standards+Help+Tame+These+Hidden+Energy+Hogs%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eesi.org%2Fcable-boxes-and-dvrs-can-appliance-standards-help-tame-these-hidden-energy-hogs-30-jun-2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span> Environmental and Energy Study Institute</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120512100206/http://www.ncta.com/ReleaseType/MediaRelease/US-Cable-Industry-Launches-New-Energy-Efficiency-Initiative.aspx">"U.S. Cable Industry Launches New Energy Efficiency Initiative"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncta.com/ReleaseType/MediaRelease/US-Cable-Industry-Launches-New-Energy-Efficiency-Initiative.aspx">the original</a> on 2012-05-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Cable+Industry+Launches+New+Energy+Efficiency+Initiative&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncta.com%2FReleaseType%2FMediaRelease%2FUS-Cable-Industry-Launches-New-Energy-Efficiency-Initiative.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASet-top+box" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_TV" title="Beyond TV">Beyond TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVBViewer" title="DVBViewer">DVBViewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB_Dream" title="DVB Dream">DVB Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JRiver_Media_Center" title="JRiver Media Center">JRiver Media Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MediaPortal" title="MediaPortal">MediaPortal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GB-PVR" title="GB-PVR">NextPVR (formerly GB-PVR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ShowShifter" title="ShowShifter">ShowShifter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Center" title="Windows Media Center">Windows Media Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front_Row_(software)" title="Front Row (software)">Front Row</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GeeXboX" title="GeeXboX">GeeXboX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibreELEC" title="LibreELEC">LibreELEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinuxMCE" title="LinuxMCE">LinuxMCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythbuntu" title="Mythbuntu">Mythbuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenELEC" title="OpenELEC">OpenELEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tvheadend" title="Tvheadend">Tvheadend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Disk_Recorder" title="Video Disk Recorder">Video Disk Recorder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">Cross-platform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emby" title="Emby">Emby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellyfin" title="Jellyfin">Jellyfin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodi_(software)" title="Kodi (software)">Kodi</a> (formerly XBMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plex_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plex (software)">Plex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SageTV" title="SageTV">SageTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serviio" title="Serviio">Serviio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Media_Server" title="Universal Media Server">Universal Media Server</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Set-top boxes</a> /<br /><a href="/wiki/Digital_media_player" title="Digital media player">digital media players</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV" title="Amazon Fire TV">Amazon Fire TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_TV" title="Android TV">Android TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_TV" title="Apple TV">Apple TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxee_Box" title="Boxee Box">Boxee Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromecast" title="Chromecast">Chromecast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreambox" title="Dreambox">Dreambox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_TV_(operating_system)" title="Google TV (operating system)">Google TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauppauge_MediaMVP" title="Hauppauge MediaMVP">Hauppauge MediaMVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_MediaSmart_Connect" title="HP MediaSmart Connect">HP MediaSmart Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaleidescape" title="Kaleidescape">Kaleidescape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediaroom" title="Mediaroom">Mediaroom</a></li> <li>MySDATV</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netgear_Digital_Entertainer" title="Netgear Digital Entertainer">Netgear Digital Entertainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReplayTV" title="ReplayTV">ReplayTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roku" title="Roku">Roku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TiVo" title="TiVo">TiVo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unibox" title="Unibox">Unibox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WD_TV" title="WD TV">WD TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Center_Extender" title="Windows Media Center Extender">Windows Media Center Extender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATI_Technologies" title="ATI Technologies">ATI Theater Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DBox2" title="DBox2">DBox2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreambox" title="Dreambox">Dreambox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EyeTV" title="EyeTV">EyeTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauppauge_Computer_Works" title="Hauppauge Computer Works">Hauppauge Computer Works WinTV PVR Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDHomeRun" title="HDHomeRun">HDHomeRun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Mini" title="Mac Mini">Mac Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsoon_HAVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Monsoon HAVA">Monsoon HAVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quiet_PC" title="Quiet PC">Quiet PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slingbox" title="Slingbox">Slingbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touchscreen_remote_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Touchscreen remote control">Touchscreen remote control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBox_Home_TV_Gateway" title="VBox Home TV Gateway">VBox Home TV Gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_USB_tv_tuner_sticks" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of USB tv tuner sticks">Comparison of USB tv tuner sticks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10-foot_user_interface" title="10-foot user interface">10-foot user interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_player_software" title="Comparison of audio player software">Comparison of audio player software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_video_player_software" title="Comparison of video player software">Comparison of video player software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_streaming_media_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of streaming media systems">Comparison of streaming media systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Living_Network_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Living Network Alliance">Digital Living Network Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_cinema" title="Home cinema">Home cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_Broadcast_Broadband_TV" title="Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV">Hybrid IPTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_server" title="Media server">Media server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_TV" title="Smart TV">Smart TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">Streaming television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_player_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Video player (software)">Video player</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&oldid=1267405555">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Set-top_box&oldid=1267405555</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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