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plans</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: operetional plans"> <meta name="keywords" content="operetional plans"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="operetional plans"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 951</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: operetional plans</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">951</span> Polish Operational Plans During Cold War as Part of Warsaw Pact Strategic Culture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wiktor%20Stypczy%C5%84ski">Wiktor Stypczyński</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the Cold War, both sides of the conflict developed advanced operational plans in case of a Third World War outbreak. In the Warsaw Pact, Soviet generals in Moscow chose targets for each army, but each country's General Staff had to create specific plans for their nation. This led to the creation of a Strategic Culture within the Warsaw Pact that was reflected in the plans of each army. This paper aims to showcase the Strategic Culture of the Warsaw Pact by using the plans of the People's Polish Army as an example. Examining one army at a time will allow for a more detailed and unique perspective on the matter. Understanding the past Strategic Culture is crucial in comprehending the current post-Soviet strategic situation in Eastern Europe, especially with the current situation in Ukraine. This paper is based on Benon Miśkiewicz's classic methodology of military history. While this methodology is the foundation, the research findings will also draw on the Strategic Studies methodology and the accomplishments of war and military science. Additionally, the Security and Political Studies methodology will be a crucial element in constructing the narrative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20war" title="cold war">cold war</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operetional%20plans" title=" operetional plans"> operetional plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20culture" title=" strategic culture"> strategic culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polish%20people%27s%20army" title=" polish people's army"> polish people's army</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170642/polish-operational-plans-during-cold-war-as-part-of-warsaw-pact-strategic-culture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">950</span> Evaluation of Dynamic Log Files for Different Dose Rates in IMRT Plans </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Bin%20Saeed">Saad Bin Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayzan%20Ahmed"> Fayzan Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahbaz%20Ahmed"> Shahbaz Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Hussain"> Amjad Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to evaluate dynamic log files (Dynalogs) at different dose rates by dose-volume histograms (DVH) and used as a (QA) procedure of IMRT. Seven patients of phase one head and neck cancer with similar OAR`s are selected randomly. Reference plans of dose rate 300 and 600 MU/Min with prescribed dose of 50Gy in 25 fractions for each patient is made. Dynalogs produced by delivery of reference plans processed by in-house MATLAB program which produces new field files contain actual positions of multi-leaf collimators (MLC`s) instead of planned positions in reference plans. Copies of reference plans are used to import new field files generated by MATLAB program and renamed as Dyn.plan. After dose calculations of Dyn.plans for different dose rates, DVH, and multiple linear regression tools are used to evaluate reference and Dyn.plans. The results indicate good agreement of correlation between different dose rate plans. The maximum dose difference among PTV and OAR`s are found to be less than 5% and 9% respectively. The study indicates the potential of dynalogs to be used as patient-specific QA of IMRT at different dose rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMRT" title="IMRT">IMRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynalogs" title=" dynalogs"> dynalogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose%20rate" title=" dose rate"> dose rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DVH" title=" DVH"> DVH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24120/evaluation-of-dynamic-log-files-for-different-dose-rates-in-imrt-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">535</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">949</span> Rationality and Evidence of Pre-Prepared Treatment Plan in Oesophageal HDR Brachytherapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jim%20S.%20Meng">Jim S. Meng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mammo%20H.%20Yewondwossen"> Mammo H. Yewondwossen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a part of routine oesophageal HDR brachytherapy procedure, treatment planning takes about 45 minutes while patients are under light sedation. Some patients may suffer gagging and/or spasms, and the treatment may need to be aborted. A pre-prepared plan generated before the patient’s sedation may reduce the brachytherapy procedure time by forty minutes. This paper reports the rationality and evidence of pre-prepared treatment plans. A retrospective study of 28 patients confirm that all of the pre-prepared plans would be acceptable. The rationality of pre-prepared HDR brachytherapy plans is further confirmed by a systemic study with a wide range of applicator curvature and treatment volume. Detailed comparison between CT based treatment plans and pre-prepared plans are discussed. This argument holds also for endobronchial HDR brachytherapy. With the above evidence, pre-prepared plans have been used for all oesophagus and bronchus HDR brachytherapy cases in our clinic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HDR%20brachytherapy" title="HDR brachytherapy">HDR brachytherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment%20planning" title=" treatment planning"> treatment planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oesophageal%20carcinoma" title=" oesophageal carcinoma"> oesophageal carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-planning" title=" pre-planning "> pre-planning </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2471/rationality-and-evidence-of-pre-prepared-treatment-plan-in-oesophageal-hdr-brachytherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">948</span> Teachers' Beliefs and Practices in Designing Negotiated English Lesson Plans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joko%20Nurkamto">Joko Nurkamto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A lesson plan is a part of the planning phase in a learning and teaching system framing the scenario of pedagogical activities in the classroom. It informs a decision on what to teach and how to landscape classroom interaction. Regardless of these benefits, the writer has witnessed the fact that lesson plans are viewed merely as a teaching document. Therefore, this paper will explore teachers’ beliefs and practices in designing lesson plans. It focuses primarily on how both teachers and students negotiate lesson plans in which the students are deemed to be the agents of instructional innovations. Additionally, the paper will talk about how such lesson plans are enacted. To investigate these issues, document analysis, in-depth interviews, participant classroom observation, and focus group discussion will be deployed as data collection methods in this explorative case study. The benefits of the paper are to show different roles of lesson plans and to discover different ways to design and enact such plans from a socio-interactional perspective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instructional%20innovation" title="instructional innovation">instructional innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20and%20teaching%20system" title=" learning and teaching system"> learning and teaching system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lesson%20plan" title=" lesson plan"> lesson plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogical%20activities" title=" pedagogical activities"> pedagogical activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers%27%20beliefs%20and%20practices" title=" teachers' beliefs and practices"> teachers' beliefs and practices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90530/teachers-beliefs-and-practices-in-designing-negotiated-english-lesson-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">947</span> A Multicriteria Model for Sustainable Management in Agriculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basil%20Manos">Basil Manos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Bournaris"> Thomas Bournaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Moulogianni"> Christina Moulogianni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The European agricultural policy supports all member states to apply agricultural development plans for the development of their agricultural sectors. A specific measure of the agricultural development plans refers to young people in order to enter into the agricultural sector. This measure helps the participating young farmers in achieving maximum efficiency, using methods and environmentally friendly practices, by altering their farm plans. This study applies a Multicriteria Mathematical Programming (MCDA) model for the young farmers to find farm plans that achieve the maximum gross margin and the minimum environmental impacts (less use of fertilizers and irrigation water). The analysis was made in the region of Central Macedonia, Greece, among young farmers who have participated in the “Setting up Young Farmers” measure during 2007-2010. The analysis includes the implementation of the MCDA model for the farm plans optimization and the comparison of selected environmental indicators with those of the existent situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicriteria" title="multicriteria">multicriteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20farm%20plans" title=" optimum farm plans"> optimum farm plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impacts" title=" environmental impacts"> environmental impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20management" title=" sustainable management"> sustainable management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3653/a-multicriteria-model-for-sustainable-management-in-agriculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">946</span> The New Approach to Airport Emergency Plans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Kraus">Jakub Kraus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladim%C3%ADr%20Plos"> Vladimír Plos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Vittek"> Peter Vittek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article deals with a new approach to the airport emergency plans, which are the basic documents and manuals for dealing with events with impact on safety or security. The article describes the identified parts in which the current airport emergency plans do not fulfill their role and which should therefore be considered in the creation of corrective measures. All these issues have been identified at airports in the Czech Republic and confirmed at airports in neighboring countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=airport%20emergency%20plan" title="airport emergency plan">airport emergency plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation%20safety" title=" aviation safety"> aviation safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation%20security" title=" aviation security"> aviation security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20management%20system" title=" comprehensive management system"> comprehensive management system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12640/the-new-approach-to-airport-emergency-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">945</span> A Comparison of Dietary Quality and Nutritional Adequacy of Meal Plans of a Diet Prescription Generator Web App against the Australian Guidelines to Healthy Eating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ananda%20Perera">Ananda Perera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diet therapy has a positive impact on many diseases in General Practice. If a meal plan can be generated as easily as writing a drug prescription for dyspepsia, then the evidence and practice gap in nutrition therapy can be narrowed. Meal plans of 50 diet prescriptions were compared with the criteria for a healthy diet given by Australian authorities. The energy value of each meal plan was compared with the recommended daily energy requirements of the authorities for Diet Prescription Generator (DPG) accuracy. Meal plans generated were within the criteria laid down by the Australian authorities for a healthy diet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dieting" title="dieting">dieting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20loss" title=" weight loss"> weight loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computerized%20decision%20support%20systems" title=" computerized decision support systems"> computerized decision support systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dieting%20software" title=" dieting software"> dieting software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDSS" title=" CDSS"> CDSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meal%20plans" title=" meal plans"> meal plans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150628/a-comparison-of-dietary-quality-and-nutritional-adequacy-of-meal-plans-of-a-diet-prescription-generator-web-app-against-the-australian-guidelines-to-healthy-eating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">944</span> Harmonizing Spatial Plans: A Methodology to Integrate Sustainable Mobility and Energy Plans to Promote Resilient City Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Sanchez">B. Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Zambrana-Vasquez"> D. Zambrana-Vasquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Fresner"> J. Fresner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Krenn"> C. Krenn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Morea"> F. Morea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Mercatelli"> L. Mercatelli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Local administrations are facing established targets on sustainable development from different disciplines at the heart of different city departments. Nevertheless, some of these targets, such as CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, relate to two or more disciplines, as it is the case of sustainable mobility and energy plans (SUMP & SECAP/SEAP). This opens up the possibility to efficiently cooperate among different city departments and to create and develop harmonized spatial plans by using available resources and together achieving more ambitious goals in cities. The steps of the harmonization processes developed result in the identification of areas to achieve common strategic objectives. Harmonization, in other words, helps different departments in local authorities to work together and optimize the use or resources by sharing the same vision, involving key stakeholders, and promoting common data assessment to better optimize the resources. A methodology to promote resilient city planning via the harmonization of sustainable mobility and energy plans is presented in this paper. In order to validate the proposed methodology, a representative city engaged in an innovation process in efficient spatial planning is used as a case study. The harmonization process of sustainable mobility and energy plans covers identifying matching targets between different fields, developing different spatial plans with dual benefit and common indicators guaranteeing the continuous improvement of the harmonized plans. The proposed methodology supports local administrations in consistent spatial planning, considering both energy efficiency and sustainable mobility. Thus, municipalities can use their human and economic resources efficiently. This guarantees an efficient upgrade of land use plans integrating energy and mobility aspects in order to achieve sustainability targets, as well as to improve the wellbeing of its citizens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20multi-sector%20planning" title="integrated multi-sector planning">integrated multi-sector planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20plans%20harmonization" title=" spatial plans harmonization"> spatial plans harmonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20energy%20and%20climate%20action%20plan" title=" sustainable energy and climate action plan"> sustainable energy and climate action plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20mobility%20plan" title=" sustainable urban mobility plan"> sustainable urban mobility plan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87315/harmonizing-spatial-plans-a-methodology-to-integrate-sustainable-mobility-and-energy-plans-to-promote-resilient-city-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">943</span> Indigenous Engagement: Towards a Culturally Sensitive Approach for Inclusive Economic Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karla%20N.%20Penna">Karla N. Penna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eloise%20J.%20Hoffman"> Eloise J. Hoffman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tonya%20R.%20Carter"> Tonya R. Carter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper suggests that effective cultural landscape management plans in an Indigenous context should be undertaken using multidisciplinary approach taken into consideration context-related social and cultural aspects. In relation to working in Indigenous and mining contexts, we draw upon and contribute to International policies on human rights that promote the development of management plans on that are co-designed through genuine engagement processes. We suggest that the production of management plans that are built upon culturally relevant frameworks, lead to more inclusive economic development, a greater sense of trust, and shared managerial responsibilities. In this paper, three issues related to Indigenous engagement and cultural landscape management plans will be addressed: (1) the need for effective communication channels between proponents and Traditional Owners (Australian original Aboriginal peoples who inhabited specific regions), (2) the use of a culturally sensitive approach to engage local representatives in the decision making processes, and (3) how design of new management plans can help in establishing shared management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture-centred%20approach" title="culture-centred approach">culture-centred approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holons%E2%80%99%20hierarchy" title=" Holons’ hierarchy"> Holons’ hierarchy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusive%20economic%20development" title=" inclusive economic development"> inclusive economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20engagement" title=" indigenous engagement"> indigenous engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142437/indigenous-engagement-towards-a-culturally-sensitive-approach-for-inclusive-economic-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">942</span> Reliability Qualification Test Plan Derivation Method for Weibull Distributed Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping%20Jiang">Ping Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunyan%20Xing"> Yunyan Xing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dian%20Zhang"> Dian Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Guo"> Bo Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reliability qualification test (RQT) is widely used in product development to qualify whether the product meets predetermined reliability requirements, which are mainly described in terms of reliability indices, for example, MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures). It is widely exercised in product development. In engineering practices, RQT plans are mandatorily referred to standards, such as MIL-STD-781 or GJB899A-2009. But these conventional RQT plans in standards are not preferred, as the test plans often require long test times or have high risks for both producer and consumer due to the fact that the methods in the standards only use the test data of the product itself. And the standards usually assume that the product is exponentially distributed, which is not suitable for a complex product other than electronics. So it is desirable to develop an RQT plan derivation method that safely shortens test time while keeping the two risks under control. To meet this end, for the product whose lifetime follows Weibull distribution, an RQT plan derivation method is developed. The merit of the method is that expert judgment is taken into account. This is implemented by applying the Bayesian method, which translates the expert judgment into prior information on product reliability. Then producer’s risk and the consumer’s risk are calculated accordingly. The procedures to derive RQT plans are also proposed in this paper. As extra information and expert judgment are added to the derivation, the derived test plans have the potential to shorten the required test time and have satisfactory low risks for both producer and consumer, compared with conventional test plans. A case study is provided to prove that when using expert judgment in deriving product test plans, the proposed method is capable of finding ideal test plans that not only reduce the two risks but also shorten the required test time as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20judgment" title="expert judgment">expert judgment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20qualification%20test" title=" reliability qualification test"> reliability qualification test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20plan%20derivation" title=" test plan derivation"> test plan derivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=producer%E2%80%99s%20risk" title=" producer’s risk"> producer’s risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%E2%80%99s%20risk" title=" consumer’s risk"> consumer’s risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161496/reliability-qualification-test-plan-derivation-method-for-weibull-distributed-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">941</span> Dynamic Conformal Arc versus Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy for Image Guided Stereotactic Radiotherapy of Cranial Lesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chor%20Yi%20Ng">Chor Yi Ng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20Kong"> Christine Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loretta%20Teo"> Loretta Teo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Yau"> Stephen Yau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FC%20Cheung"> FC Cheung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TL%20Poon"> TL Poon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Lee"> Francis Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Dynamic conformal arc (DCA) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) are two treatment techniques commonly used for stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy of cranial lesions. IMRT plans usually give better dose conformity while DCA plans have better dose fall off. Rapid dose fall off is preferred for radiotherapy of cranial lesions, but dose conformity is also important. For certain lesions, DCA plans have good conformity, while for some lesions, the conformity is just unacceptable with DCA plans, and IMRT has to be used. The choice between the two may not be apparent until each plan is prepared and dose indices compared. We described a deviation index (DI) which is a measurement of the deviation of the target shape from a sphere, and test its functionality to choose between the two techniques. Method and Materials: From May 2015 to May 2017, our institute has performed stereotactic radiotherapy for 105 patients treating a total of 115 lesions (64 DCA plans and 51 IMRT plans). Patients were treated with the Varian Clinac iX with HDMLC. Brainlab Exactrac system was used for patient setup. Treatment planning was done with Brainlab iPlan RT Dose (Version 4.5.4). DCA plans were found to give better dose fall off in terms of R50% (R50% (DCA) = 4.75 Vs R50% (IMRT) = 5.242) while IMRT plans have better conformity in terms of treatment volume ratio (TVR) (TVR(DCA) = 1.273 Vs TVR(IMRT) = 1.222). Deviation Index (DI) is proposed to better facilitate the choice between the two techniques. DI is the ratio of the volume of a 1 mm shell of the PTV and the volume of a 1 mm shell of a sphere of identical volume. DI will be close to 1 for a near spherical PTV while a large DI will imply a more irregular PTV. To study the functionality of DI, 23 cases were chosen with PTV volume ranged from 1.149 cc to 29.83 cc, and DI ranged from 1.059 to 3.202. For each case, we did a nine field IMRT plan with one pass optimization and a five arc DCA plan. Then the TVR and R50% of each case were compared and correlated with the DI. Results: For the 23 cases, TVRs and R50% of the DCA and IMRT plans were examined. The conformity for IMRT plans are better than DCA plans, with majority of the TVR(DCA)/TVR(IMRT) ratios > 1, values ranging from 0.877 to1.538. While the dose fall off is better for DCA plans, with majority of the R50%(DCA)/ R50%(IMRT) ratios < 1. Their correlations with DI were also studied. A strong positive correlation was found between the ratio of TVRs and DI (correlation coefficient = 0.839), while the correlation between the ratio of R50%s and DI was insignificant (correlation coefficient = -0.190). Conclusion: The results suggest DI can be used as a guide for choosing the planning technique. For DI greater than a certain value, we can expect the conformity for DCA plans to become unacceptably great, and IMRT will be the technique of choice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cranial%20lesions" title="cranial lesions">cranial lesions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20conformal%20arc" title=" dynamic conformal arc"> dynamic conformal arc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMRT" title=" IMRT"> IMRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20guided%20radiotherapy" title=" image guided radiotherapy"> image guided radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereotactic%20radiotherapy" title=" stereotactic radiotherapy"> stereotactic radiotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75957/dynamic-conformal-arc-versus-intensity-modulated-radiotherapy-for-image-guided-stereotactic-radiotherapy-of-cranial-lesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">940</span> Effect of Modulation Factors on Tomotherapy Plans and Their Quality Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asawari%20Alok%20Pawaskar">Asawari Alok Pawaskar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at investigating quality assurance (QA) done with IBA matrix, the discrepancies observed for helical tomotherapy plans. A selection of tomotherapy plans that initially failed the with Matrix process was chosen for this investigation. These plans failed the fluence analysis as assessed using gamma criteria (3%, 3 mm). Each of these plans was modified (keeping the planning constraints the same), beamlets rebatched and reoptimized. By increasing and decreasing the modulation factor, the fluence in a circumferential plane as measured with a diode array was assessed. A subset of these plans was investigated using varied pitch values. Factors for each plan that were examined were point doses, fluences, leaf opening times, planned leaf sinograms, and uniformity indices. In order to ensure that the treatment constraints remained the same, the dose-volume histograms (DVHs) of all the modulated plans were compared to the original plan. It was observed that a large increase in the modulation factor did not significantly improve DVH uniformity, but reduced the gamma analysis pass rate. This also increased the treatment delivery time by slowing down the gantry rotation speed which then increases the maximum to mean non-zero leaf open time ratio. Increasing and decreasing the pitch value did not substantially change treatment time, but the delivery accuracy was adversely affected. This may be due to many other factors, such as the complexity of the treatment plan and site. Patient sites included in this study were head and neck, breast, abdomen. The impact of leaf timing inaccuracies on plans was greater with higher modulation factors. Point-dose measurements were seen to be less susceptible to changes in pitch and modulation factors. The initial modulation factor used by the optimizer, such that the TPS generated ‘actual’ modulation factor within the range of 1.4 to 2.5, resulted in an improved deliverable plan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose%20volume%20histogram" title="dose volume histogram">dose volume histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulation%20factor" title=" modulation factor"> modulation factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IBA%20matrix" title=" IBA matrix"> IBA matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomotherapy" title=" tomotherapy"> tomotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86276/effect-of-modulation-factors-on-tomotherapy-plans-and-their-quality-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">939</span> Finding the Optimal Meeting Point Based on Travel Plans in Road Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20H.%20Ahmadi">Mohammad H. Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahid%20Haghighatdoost"> Vahid Haghighatdoost</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Given a set of source locations for a group of friends, and a set of trip plans for each group member as a sequence of Categories-of-Interests (COIs) (e.g., restaurant), and finally a specific COI as a common destination that all group members will gather together, in Meeting Point Based on Trip Plans (MPTPs) queries our goal is to find a Point-of-Interest (POI) from different COIs, such that the aggregate travel distance for the group is minimized. In this work, we considered two cases for aggregate function as Sum and Max. For solving this query, we propose an efficient pruning technique for shrinking the search space. Our approach contains three steps. In the first step, it prunes the search space around the source locations. In the second step, it prunes the search space around the centroid of source locations. Finally, we compute the intersection of all pruned areas as the final refined search space. We prove that the POIs beyond the refined area cannot be part of optimal answer set. The paper also covers an extensive performance study of the proposed technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meeting%20point" title="meeting point">meeting point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trip%20plans" title=" trip plans"> trip plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20networks" title=" road networks"> road networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20databases" title=" spatial databases"> spatial databases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72988/finding-the-optimal-meeting-point-based-on-travel-plans-in-road-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">938</span> Availability of TB Infection Control Plans at Rural Hospitals of South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takalani%20Tshitangano">Takalani Tshitangano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In Limpopo province the rate of new tuberculosis (TB) cases increase daily. The Infection Control (IC) plan is one of the essential actions for TB IC. This study aimed to establish the availability of these plans at health care facilities. Objectives: The objectives were to explore and describe the awareness and knowledge of health care workers (HCWs) of the availability and content of TB IC plan; and to identity the role of infection control committees from the perspective of HCWs. Method: A qualitative approach using a cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted. The target population was all HCWs from the seven hospitals of Vhembe district. A purposive sampling approach was used to select 57 participants. The approval to conduct this study was obtained from the relevant authorities and participants. Data were collected through seven focus group discussions comprising five to 10 members. An unstructured discussion guide was used to collect data, and an open-coding method was used to analyse the data. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria ensured trustworthiness of the study findings. Results: Findings revealed that HCWs were not aware of the availability and the information contained in the TB IC plans. No person was designated as TB IC officer at hospital level. There was lack of a TB IC Committee and teams as well as ineffective utilisation of those that did exist. Conclusions: It was concluded that if the TB IC plans are not available at health care facilities, then the TB IC practices implemented by HCWs vary, resulting in TB nosocomial infection transmission. It was recommended that the World Health Organisation’s TB IC plans be adopted and implemented in Vhembe district. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care%20workers%27%20awareness" title="health care workers' awareness">health care workers' awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care%20workers%27%20knowledge" title=" health care workers' knowledge"> health care workers' knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=availability%20of%20TB%20infection%20control%20plans" title=" availability of TB infection control plans"> availability of TB infection control plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20hospitals" title=" rural hospitals"> rural hospitals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9118/availability-of-tb-infection-control-plans-at-rural-hospitals-of-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">937</span> Dosimetric Comparison of Conventional Plans versus Three Dimensional Conformal Simultaneously Integrated Boost Plans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoukat%20Ali">Shoukat Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Hussain"> Amjad Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latif-ur-Rehman"> Latif-ur-Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sehrish%20Inam"> Sehrish Inam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of cancer patients. Approximately 50% of the cancer patients receive radiotherapy at one point or another during the course of treatment. The entire radiotherapy treatment of curative intent is divided into different phases, depending on the histology of the tumor. The established protocols are useful in deciding the total dose, fraction size, and numbers of phases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric differences between the conventional treatment protocols and the three-dimensional conformal simultaneously integrated boost (SIB) plans for three different tumors sites (i.e. bladder, breast, and brain). A total of 30 patients with brain, breast and bladder cancers were selected in this retrospective study. All the patients were CT simulated initially. The primary physician contoured PTV1 and PTV2 in the axial slices. The conventional doses prescribed for brain and breast is 60Gy/30 fractions, and 64.8Gy/36 fractions for bladder treatment. For the SIB plans biological effective doses (BED) were calculated for 25 fractions. The two conventional (Phase I and Phase II) and a single SIB plan for each patient were generated on Eclipse™ treatment planning system. Treatment plans were compared and analyzed for coverage index, conformity index, homogeneity index, dose gradient and organs at risk doses.In both plans 95% of PTV volume received a minimum of 95% of the prescribe dose. Dose deviation in the optic chiasm was found to be less than 0.5%. There is no significant difference in lung V20 and heart V30 in the breast plans. In the rectum plans V75%, V50% and V25% were found to be less than 1.2% different. Deviation in the tumor coverage, conformity and homogeneity indices were found to be less than 1%. SIB plans with three dimensional conformal radiotherapy technique reduce the overall treatment time without compromising the target coverage and without increasing dose to the organs at risk. The higher dose per fraction may increase the late effects to some extent. Further studies are required to evaluate the late effects with the intention of standardizing the SIB technique for practical implementation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coverage%20index" title="coverage index">coverage index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformity%20index" title=" conformity index"> conformity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose%20gradient" title=" dose gradient"> dose gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homogeneity%20index" title=" homogeneity index"> homogeneity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simultaneously%20integrated%20boost" title=" simultaneously integrated boost"> simultaneously integrated boost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24055/dosimetric-comparison-of-conventional-plans-versus-three-dimensional-conformal-simultaneously-integrated-boost-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">936</span> Effects of the Macro-Scale Investments/Projects to Planning System in Izmir</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neslihan%20Karatas">Neslihan Karatas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sibel%20Ecemis%20Kilic"> Sibel Ecemis Kilic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to examine macro-scale plans and projects/investments which have been prepared for İzmir since The Republican Period. Macro projects that were proposed by central government, local government, industry and urban actors such as the chamber of commerce will be discussed and these projects and its reflections to the city's macro scale planning decisions will be evaluated based on existing development. Effects of macro plans, the related private and public investments, the developments of unplanned/specific projects to the current city form will be discussed. The factors and plans which determine urban form and the problems caused by unanticipated/uncontrolled developments will be evaluated. The proposals will be developed about more efficient planning process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izmir" title="Izmir">Izmir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macro%20projects" title=" macro projects"> macro projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macro%20investments" title=" macro investments"> macro investments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning" title=" planning "> planning </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22308/effects-of-the-macro-scale-investmentsprojects-to-planning-system-in-izmir" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">591</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">935</span> Readjustment Plans for Urbanizing the Palestinian Society in Israel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kais%20Nasser">Kais Nasser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ronit%20Levine-Schnur"> Ronit Levine-Schnur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the prolonged negligence of planning institutions, a large portion of Palestinian localities in Israel lack basic infrastructure, development, and urbanism and suffer from a severe shortage of housing. In the past years, planning institutions in Israel began to promote master planning for Palestinian localities and for new neighborhoods. Land readjustment plans (PLIs) were the primary planning mechanism. According to Israel’s planning institutions, readjustment plans aimed to afford housing and to ensure that new neighborhoods enjoy developed infrastructure, modern construction, public lands and urbanism. However, a wide group of Palestinian landowners and stakeholders opposed PLIs. This article exposes the reasons behind such objections. Methodology: The research carried out an in-depth analysis of approximately 1,780 objections to PLIs that have been advanced in recent years. These objections reveal what really concerns landowners, what they defend indeed, and how planning institutions dealt with their arguments. Initial Findings: Exploring the objections submitted by landowners to readjustment plans reveals a conceptual and cultural conflict between landowners and the planning institutions. While planning institutions believe that these plans can transform landowners and Arab society in general from a rural, local, and conservative life to a modern- urban life, the landowners believe that planning institutions strive to change their way of life and force them to adopt an urban life without giving much attention and respect to their tradition, habits and cultural way of life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20readjustment" title="land readjustment">land readjustment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority" title=" minority"> minority</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191944/readjustment-plans-for-urbanizing-the-palestinian-society-in-israel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">934</span> Sector-Wide Collaboration to Reduce Food Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carolyn%20Cameron">Carolyn Cameron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stop Food Waste Australia is working with the industry to co-design sector action plans to prevent and reduce food waste across the supply chain. We are a public-private partnership, funded in 2021 by the Australian national government under the 2017 National Food Waste Strategy. Our partnership has representatives from all levels of government, industry associations from farm to fork, and food rescue groups. Like many countries, Australia has adopted the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of 12.3 to halve food waste by 2030. A seminal 2021 study, the National Food Waste Feasibility Report, developed a robust national baseline, illustrating hotspots in commodities and across the supply chain. This research found that the consumption stages – households, food service, and institutions - account for over half of all food waste, and 22% of food produced never leaves the farm gate. Importantly the study found it is feasible for Australia to meet SDG 12.3, but it will require unprecedented action by governments, industry, and the community. Sector Action Plans (Plan) are one of the four main initiatives of Stop Food Waste Australia, including a voluntary commitment, a coordinated food waste communications hub, and robust monitoring and reporting framework. These plans provide a systems-based approach to reducing food loss and waste while realising multiple benefits for supply chain partners and other collaborators. Each plan is being co-designed with the key stakeholders most able to directly control or influence the root cause(s) of food waste hotspots and to take action to reduce or eliminate food waste in their value chain.  The initiatives in the Plans are fit-for-purpose, reflecting current knowledge and recognising priorities may refocus over time. To date, sector action plans have been developed with the Food Rescue, Cold Chain, Bread and Bakery, and Dairy Sectors. Work is currently underway on Meat and Horticulture, and we are also developing supply-chain stage plans for food services and institutions. The study will provide an overview of Australia’s food waste baseline and challenges, the important role of sector action plans in reducing food waste, and case studies of implementation outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-design" title="co-design">co-design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horticulture" title=" horticulture"> horticulture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sector%20action%20plans" title=" sector action plans"> sector action plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voluntary" title=" voluntary"> voluntary</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155626/sector-wide-collaboration-to-reduce-food-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">933</span> Risk Assessment for International Investment: A Standardized Approach to Identify Risk, Risk Appetite, Risk Rating, Risk Treatment and Mitigation Plans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pui%20Yong%20Leo">Pui Yong Leo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Normy%20Maziah%20Mohd%20Said"> Normy Maziah Mohd Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Change of global economy landscape and business environment has led to companies’ decision to go global and enter international markets. As the companies go beyond the comfort zone (i.e. investing in the home country), it is important to ensure a comprehensive risk assessment is carried out. This paper describes a standardized approach for international investment, ensuring identification of risk, risk appetite, risk rating, risk treatment and mitigation plans for respective international investment proposal. The standardized approach is divided into three (3) stages as follows: Stage 1 – Preliminary Risk profiling; with the objective to gauge exposure to countries and high level risk factors as first level assessment. Stage 2 – Risk Parameters; with the objective to define risk appetite for the international investment from the perspective of likelihood and impact. Stage 3 – Detailed Risk Assessments; with the objectives to assess in detail any triggered elements from Stage 1, and project specific risks. The final output will include the mitigation plans for the identified risks for the total investment. Example will be given in this paper to show how comprehensive risk assessment is carried out for an international investment in power energy sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20investment" title="international investment">international investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation%20plans" title=" mitigation plans"> mitigation plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20appetite" title=" risk appetite"> risk appetite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61464/risk-assessment-for-international-investment-a-standardized-approach-to-identify-risk-risk-appetite-risk-rating-risk-treatment-and-mitigation-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">932</span> Dosimetric Comparison of Conventional Optimization Methods with Inverse Planning Simulated Annealing Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shraddha%20Srivastava">Shraddha Srivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20K.%20Painuly"> N. K. Painuly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20P.%20%20Mishra"> S. P. Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navin%20Singh"> Navin Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhsin%20Punchankandy"> Muhsin Punchankandy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirti%20Srivastava"> Kirti Srivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20B.%20Bhatt"> M. L. B. Bhatt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various optimization methods used in interstitial brachytherapy are based on dwell positions and dwell weights alteration to produce dose distribution based on the implant geometry. Since these optimization schemes are not anatomy based, they could lead to deviations from the desired plan. This study was henceforth carried out to compare anatomy-based Inverse Planning Simulated Annealing (IPSA) optimization technique with graphical and geometrical optimization methods in interstitial high dose rate brachytherapy planning of cervical carcinoma. Six patients with 12 CT data sets of MUPIT implants in HDR brachytherapy of cervical cancer were prospectively studied. HR-CTV and organs at risk (OARs) were contoured in Oncentra treatment planning system (TPS) using GYN GEC-ESTRO guidelines on cervical carcinoma. Three sets of plans were generated for each fraction using IPSA, graphical optimization (GrOPT) and geometrical optimization (GOPT) methods. All patients were treated to a dose of 20 Gy in 2 fractions. The main objective was to cover at least 95% of HR-CTV with 100% of the prescribed dose (V100 ≥ 95% of HR-CTV). IPSA, GrOPT, and GOPT based plans were compared in terms of target coverage, OAR doses, homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (COIN) using dose-volume histogram (DVH). Target volume coverage (mean V100) was found to be 93.980.87%, 91.341.02% and 85.052.84% for IPSA, GrOPT and GOPT plans respectively. Mean D90 (minimum dose received by 90% of HR-CTV) values for IPSA, GrOPT and GOPT plans were 10.19 ± 1.07 Gy, 10.17 ± 0.12 Gy and 7.99 ± 1.0 Gy respectively, while D100 (minimum dose received by 100% volume of HR-CTV) for IPSA, GrOPT and GOPT plans was 6.55 ± 0.85 Gy, 6.55 ± 0.65 Gy, 4.73 ± 0.14 Gy respectively. IPSA plans resulted in lower doses to the bladder (D₂ <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20cancer" title="cervical cancer">cervical cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HDR%20brachytherapy" title=" HDR brachytherapy"> HDR brachytherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPSA" title=" IPSA"> IPSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MUPIT" title=" MUPIT"> MUPIT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108780/dosimetric-comparison-of-conventional-optimization-methods-with-inverse-planning-simulated-annealing-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">931</span> Design Patterns for Emergency Management Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1%20Lud%C3%ADk">Tomáš Ludík</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Barta"> Jiří Barta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josef%20Navr%C3%A1til"> Josef Navrátil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural or human made disasters have a significant negative impact on the environment. At the same time there is an extensive effort to support management and decision making in emergency situations by information technologies. Therefore the purpose of the paper is to propose a design patterns applicable in emergency management, enabling better analysis and design of emergency management processes and therefore easier development and deployment of information systems in the field of emergency management. It will be achieved by detailed analysis of existing emergency management legislation, contingency plans, and information systems. The result is a set of design patterns focused at emergency management processes that enable easier design of emergency plans or development of new information system. These results will have a major impact on the development of new information systems as well as to more effective and faster solving of emergencies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis%20and%20design" title="analysis and design">analysis and design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Business%20Process%20Modelling%20Notation" title=" Business Process Modelling Notation"> Business Process Modelling Notation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency%20plans" title=" contingency plans"> contingency plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20patterns" title=" design patterns"> design patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20management" title=" emergency management"> emergency management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2165/design-patterns-for-emergency-management-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2165.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">930</span> Towards Effective Public Consultation and Participation in Nigeria: Lessons from Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs) Activities in England</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taye%20O.%20Famuditi">Taye O. Famuditi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Potts"> Jonathan Potts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malcolm%20Bray"> Malcolm Bray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the shoreline management planning policy in England and its suitability for ameliorating the diverse environmental problems associated with Nigeria’s coastal zones. It examines the success of SMPs in England since the mid-1990s and progress achieved, with the aim of understudying the current management approach that can be transferred to Nigeria to strengthen its adoption, and as a necessary corollary, implementation of the SMPs. This paper also examines key elements of the shoreline management frameworks in England and provides answers to the question: Would shoreline management planning approach in England be appropriate and feasible in Nigeria? It further concludes that many of the action plans and principles of participation should be adoptable provided that a participatory approach that involves all stakeholders including community members and relevant sectorial ministries as well as appropriate legal framework is encouraged. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoreline%20management%20plans" title="shoreline management plans">shoreline management plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20zone%20management" title=" coastal zone management"> coastal zone management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholder%20engagement" title=" stakeholder engagement"> stakeholder engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participatory%20approach" title=" participatory approach"> participatory approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9729/towards-effective-public-consultation-and-participation-in-nigeria-lessons-from-shoreline-management-plans-smps-activities-in-england" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">929</span> Identifying the Structural Components of Old Buildings from Floor Plans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi-Yu%20Xu">Shi-Yu Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The top three risk factors that have contributed to building collapses during past earthquake events in Taiwan are: "irregular floor plans or elevations," "insufficient columns in single-bay buildings," and the "weak-story problem." Fortunately, these unsound structural characteristics can be directly identified from the floor plans. However, due to the vast number of old buildings, conducting manual inspections to identify these compromised structural features in all existing structures would be time-consuming and prone to human errors. This study aims to develop an algorithm that utilizes artificial intelligence techniques to automatically pinpoint the structural components within a building's floor plans. The obtained spatial information will be utilized to construct a digital structural model of the building. This information, particularly regarding the distribution of columns in the floor plan, can then be used to conduct preliminary seismic assessments of the building. The study employs various image processing and pattern recognition techniques to enhance detection efficiency and accuracy. The study enables a large-scale evaluation of structural vulnerability for numerous old buildings, providing ample time to arrange for structural retrofitting in those buildings that are at risk of significant damage or collapse during earthquakes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20vulnerability%20detection" title="structural vulnerability detection">structural vulnerability detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20recognition" title=" object recognition"> object recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20capacity%20assessment" title=" seismic capacity assessment"> seismic capacity assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=old%20buildings" title=" old buildings"> old buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169289/identifying-the-structural-components-of-old-buildings-from-floor-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">928</span> Sustainable Management of Agricultural Resources in Irrigated Agriculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basil%20Manos">Basil Manos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parthena%20Chatzinikolaou"> Parthena Chatzinikolaou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fedra%20Kiomourtzi"> Fedra Kiomourtzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a mathematical model for the sustainable management of agricultural resources in irrigated agriculture. This is a multicriteria mathematical programming model and used as a tool for the planning, analysis and simulation of farm plans in rural irrigated areas, as well as for the study of impacts of the various policies in irrigated agriculture. The model can achieve the optimum farm plan of an agricultural region taking in account different conflicting criteria as the maximization of gross margin and the minimization of fertilizers used, under a set of constraints for land, labor, available capital, common agricultural policy etc. The proposed model was applied to four prefectures in central Greece. The results show that in all prefectures, the optimum farm plans achieve greater income and less environmental impacts (less irrigated water use and less fertilizers use) than the existent plans. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20use%20of%20agricultural%20resources" title="sustainable use of agricultural resources">sustainable use of agricultural resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigated%20agriculture" title=" irrigated agriculture"> irrigated agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicriteria%20analysis" title=" multicriteria analysis"> multicriteria analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20income" title=" optimum income"> optimum income</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40724/sustainable-management-of-agricultural-resources-in-irrigated-agriculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">927</span> Adaptive Analysis of Housing Policies in Development Programming After 1970s (Case Study: Kermanshah City in the Western Iran)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinab.%20Shahrokhifar">Zeinab. Shahrokhifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abolfazl%20Meshkini"> Abolfazl Meshkini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Ali.%20Alavi"> Seyed Ali. Alavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the different dimensions of deprivation, housing supply is noted as a basic requirement in Iran after 1979 (coming to work of the new government). The government had built the constitution and obliged to meet this need in the form of five-year development programs in Iran’s provinces. This study focused on the adaptive analysis of housing policies in these five development programs in Kermanshah province located in western Iran. Our research is divided into two different analytical sections. In the first section, we collected the documentary information using approved plans and field studies. In the second section, a questionnaire was prepared and designed for the elite community (30) to support the documentary analysis. The results showed that various projects adopted in the form of strategic plans and implemented the policies included both quantitative and qualitative housing in Kermanshah province after 1979. The quality of housing, from the first to the fifth development plans has improved the situation in the housing indicators. The quantity of housing units for households has also been implemented through various policies that has desired results. The sequences of housing policies and plans do not overlap in the five development programs. According to the radar graph, the development programs overlapped in some policies, which shows the continuation of the previous policies, but this overlap is not perfect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law%20enforcement%20policy" title="law enforcement policy">law enforcement policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20policy" title=" housing policy"> housing policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20programs" title=" development programs"> development programs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20indicators" title=" housing indicators"> housing indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20city%20of%20Kermanshah" title=" the city of Kermanshah"> the city of Kermanshah</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168123/adaptive-analysis-of-housing-policies-in-development-programming-after-1970s-case-study-kermanshah-city-in-the-western-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">926</span> Learning about the Strengths and Weaknesses of Urban Climate Action Plans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prince%20Dacosta%20Aboagye">Prince Dacosta Aboagye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayyoob%20Sharifi"> Ayyoob Sharifi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities respond to climate concerns mainly through their climate action plans (CAPs). A comprehensive content analysis of the dynamics in existing urban CAPs is not well represented in the literature. This literature void presents a difficulty in appreciating the strengths and weaknesses of urban CAPs. Here, we perform a qualitative content analysis (QCA) on CAPs from 278 cities worldwide and use text-mining tools to map and visualize the relevant data. Our analysis showed a decline in the number of CAPs developed and published following the global COVID-19 lockdown period. Evidently, megacities are leading the deep decarbonisation agenda. We also observed a transition from developing mainly mitigation-focused CAPs pre-COP21 to both mitigation and adaptation CAPs. A lack of inclusiveness in local climate planning was common among European and North American cities. The evidence is a catalyst for understanding the trends in existing urban CAPs to shape future urban climate planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title="urban">urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20action%20plans" title=" climate action plans"> climate action plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengths" title=" strengths"> strengths</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weaknesses" title=" weaknesses"> weaknesses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161978/learning-about-the-strengths-and-weaknesses-of-urban-climate-action-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161978.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">925</span> A Study of The STEAM Toy Pedagogy Plan Evaluation for Elementary School</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Te%20Chang">Wen-Te Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun-Hsin%20Pai"> Yun-Hsin Pai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Based on the interdisciplinary of lower grade Elementary School with the integration of STEAM concept, related wooden toy and pedagogy plans were developed and evaluated. The research goal was to benefit elementary school education. Design/methodology/approach: The subjects were teachers from two primary school teachers and students from the department of design of universities in Taipei. Amount of 103participants (Male: 34, Female: 69) were invited to participate in the research. The research tools are “STEAM toy design” and “questionnaire of STEAM toy Pedagogy plan.” The STEAM toy pedagogy plans were evaluated after the activity of “The interdisciplinary literacy discipline guiding study program--STEAM wooden workshop,” Finding/results: The study results: (1) As factors analyzing of the questionnaire indicated the percentage on the major factors were cognition teaching 68.61%, affection 80.18% and technique 80.14%, with α=.936 of validity. The assessment tools were proved to be valid for STEAM pedagogy plan evaluation; (2) The analysis of the questionnaires investigation confirmed that the main effect of the teaching factors was not significant (affection = technique = cognition); however, the interaction between STEAM factors revealed to be significant (F (8, 1164) =5.51, p < .01); (3) The main effect of the six pedagogy plans was significant (climbing toy > bird toy = gondola toy > frog castanets > train toy > balancing toy), and an interactive effect between STEAM factors also reached a significant level, (F (8, 1164) =5.51, p < .01), especially on the artistic (A/ Art) aspect. Originality/value: The main achievement of research: (1) A pedagogy plan evaluation was successfully developed. (2) The interactive effect between the STEAM and the teaching factors reached a significant level. (3) An interactive effect between the STEAM factors and the pedagogy plans reached a significant level too. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STEAM" title="STEAM">STEAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toy%20design" title=" toy design"> toy design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogy%20plans" title=" pedagogy plans"> pedagogy plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141355/a-study-of-the-steam-toy-pedagogy-plan-evaluation-for-elementary-school" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">924</span> The Role of Individual Educational Plans in Helping Cycle One Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Students on the Behavioral Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lama%20Bendak">Lama Bendak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Parents and teachers face major problems dealing with attention deficit hyperactivity students. One solution is by changing the school to a less restrictive one or leaving school for good. The purpose of this study is to highlight the importance and role of individual educational plans (IEP) in helping cycle one ages six to nine attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) students on the behavioral level. We have adopted the qualitative approach experimental where the total number of the students in our field of study was 66 from four schools. We have limited our study to cycle one students; that is grades 1, 2 and 3, whose ages range from 5.5 to 8.5. We divided the students into two groups where the controlled group was 36 students, and the experimental group was 30 students. The measuring instrument or tool that we used in our study is The SNAP-IV Teacher and Parents Rating Scale and was filled by class teachers. We did the pretest during the first trimester of the school year. Then we applied the Individual Educational Plans IEP's for two trimesters. Then we did the posttest and submitted the results for analysis, where we used the ANCOVA. The results of this study showed that the IEP's efficacy in helping ADHD students on the behavioral aspect showed statistical differences and varied depending on the initial level of difficulty of the student. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention%20deficit%20hyperactivity%20disorder" title="attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=individual%20educational%20plans" title=" individual educational plans"> individual educational plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20charts" title=" behavioral charts"> behavioral charts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SNAP-IV%20teacher%20and%20parents%20rating%20scale" title=" SNAP-IV teacher and parents rating scale"> SNAP-IV teacher and parents rating scale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42734/the-role-of-individual-educational-plans-in-helping-cycle-one-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-students-on-the-behavioral-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">923</span> Clinical Outcomes and Symptom Management in Pediatric Patients Following Eczema Action Plans: A Quality Improvement Project</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karla%20Lebedoff">Karla Lebedoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20%20Walsh"> Susan Walsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20%20Bain"> Michelle Bain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eczema is a chronic atopy condition requiring long-term daily management in children. Written action plans for other chronic atopic conditions, such as asthma and food allergies, are widely recommended and distributed to pediatric patients' parents and caregivers, seeking to improve clinical outcomes and become empowered to manage the patient's ever-changing symptoms. Written action plans for eczema, referred to as "asthma of the skin," are not routinely used in practice. Parents of children suffering from eczema rarely receive a written action plan to follow, and commendations supporting eczema action plans are inconsistent. Pediatric patients between birth and 18 years old who were followed for eczema at an urban Midwest community hospital were eligible to participate in this quality improvement project. At the initial visit, parents received instructions on individualized eczema action plans for their child and completed two validated surveys: Health Confidence Score (HCS) and Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM). Pre- and post-survey responses were collected, and clinical symptom presentation at follow-up were outcome determinants. Project implementation was guided by Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Step-up Framework and the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle. This project measured clinical outcomes and parent confidence in self-management of their child's eczema symptoms with the responses from 26 participant surveys. Pre-survey responses were collected from 36 participants, though ten were lost to follow-up. Average POEM scores improved by 53%, while average HCS scores remained unchanged. Of seven completed in-person follow-up visits, six clinical progress notes documented improvement. Individualized eczema action plans can be seamlessly incorporated into primary and specialty care visits for pediatric patients suffering from eczema. Following a patient-specific eczema action plan may lessen the daily physical and mental burdens of uncontrolled eczema for children and parents, managing symptoms that chronically flare and recede. Furthermore, incorporating eczema action plans into practice potentially reduces the likely underestimated $5.3 billion economic disease burden of eczema on the U.S. healthcare system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atopic%20dermatitis" title="atopic dermatitis">atopic dermatitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eczema%20action%20plan" title=" eczema action plan"> eczema action plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eczema%20symptom%20management" title=" eczema symptom management"> eczema symptom management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatric%20eczema" title=" pediatric eczema"> pediatric eczema</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134251/clinical-outcomes-and-symptom-management-in-pediatric-patients-following-eczema-action-plans-a-quality-improvement-project" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">922</span> “Friction Surfaces” of Airport Emergency Plan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Kraus">Jakub Kraus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladim%C3%ADr%20Plos"> Vladimír Plos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Vittek"> Peter Vittek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article focuses on the issue of airport emergency plans, which are documents describing reactions to events with impact on aviation safety or aviation security. The article specifically focuses on the use and creation of emergency plans, where could be found a number of disagreements between different stakeholders, for which the airport emergency plan applies. Those are the friction surfaces of interfaces, which is necessary to identify and ensure them smooth process to avoid dangerous situations or delay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=airport%20emergency%20plan" title="airport emergency plan">airport emergency plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation%20safety" title=" aviation safety"> aviation safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation%20security" title=" aviation security"> aviation security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20management%20system" title=" comprehensive management system"> comprehensive management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20surfaces%20of%20airport%20emergency%20plan" title=" friction surfaces of airport emergency plan"> friction surfaces of airport emergency plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfaces%20of%20processes" title=" interfaces of processes"> interfaces of processes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29708/friction-surfaces-of-airport-emergency-plan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">519</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operetional%20plans&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operetional%20plans&page=3">3</a></li> <li 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