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Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80" title="ভারতীয় বন্যপ্রাণী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভারতীয় বন্যপ্রাণী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="भारत के जंगली जीव – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भारत के जंगली जीव" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%B4_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="حیات وحش هند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حیات وحش هند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%80" title="भारतीय पशु और पक्षी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारतीय पशु और पक्षी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_selvatica_in_India" title="Fauna selvatica in India – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fauna selvatica in India" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="இந்தியாவில் காட்டுயிர்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இந்தியாவில் காட்டுயிர்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพในประเทศอินเดีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding:0.2em;background:lightblue;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wildlife of India</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:When_the_big_cat_turned_to_my_camera!.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/When_the_big_cat_turned_to_my_camera%21.jpg/120px-When_the_big_cat_turned_to_my_camera%21.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/When_the_big_cat_turned_to_my_camera%21.jpg/180px-When_the_big_cat_turned_to_my_camera%21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/When_the_big_cat_turned_to_my_camera%21.jpg/240px-When_the_big_cat_turned_to_my_camera%21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="2790" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid lightblue;background:lightblue;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Biodiversity</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#; border:2px solid lightblue"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_India" title="Fauna of India">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_India" title="Flora of India">Flora</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Lists</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_amphibians_of_India" title="List of amphibians of India">Amphibians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ants_of_India" title="List of ants of India">Ants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_India" title="List of birds of India">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India" title="List of butterflies of India">Butterflies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_endangered_animals_in_India" title="List of endangered animals in India">Endangered animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fishes_of_India" title="List of fishes of India">Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_India" title="List of mammals of India">Mammals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_India" title="List of non-marine molluscs of India">Molluscs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_moths_of_India" title="List of moths of India">Moths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Odonata_species_of_India" title="List of Odonata species of India">Odonates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_South_Asia" title="List of reptiles of South Asia">Reptiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spiders_of_India" title="List of spiders of India">Spiders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cicindelidae_from_India" title="List of Cicindelidae from India">Tiger beetles</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid lightblue;background:lightblue;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">Protected areas</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#; border:2px solid lightblue"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biosphere_reserves_of_India" title="Biosphere reserves of India">Biosphere reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communal_forests_of_India" title="Communal forests of India">Communal forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_areas_of_India" title="Conservation areas of India">Conservation areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_reserves_and_community_reserves_of_India" title="Conservation reserves and community reserves of India">Conservation and community reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Elephant#Elephant_reserves" title="Project Elephant">Elephant reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India" title="List of national parks of India">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_protected_areas_of_India" title="Private protected areas of India">Private protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ramsar_sites_in_India" title="List of Ramsar sites in India">Ramsar Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserved_forests_and_protected_forests_of_India" title="Reserved forests and protected forests of India">Reserved and protected forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_reserves_of_India" title="Tiger reserves of India">Tiger reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_sanctuaries_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife sanctuaries of India">Wildlife sanctuaries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid lightblue;background:lightblue;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_India" title="Conservation in India">Conservation</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#; border:2px solid lightblue"> <dl><dd><b>Projects</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheetah_reintroduction_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheetah reintroduction in India">Cheetah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Dolphin_(India)" title="Project Dolphin (India)">Dolphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Elephant" title="Project Elephant">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Tiger" title="Project Tiger">Tiger</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Acts of Parliament</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Forest_Act,_1927" title="Indian Forest Act, 1927">Indian Forest Act 1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Life_(Protection)_Act,_1972" title="Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972">Wildlife Protection Act 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Life_(Protection)_Amendment_Act,_2002" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002">Wildlife Protection Act 2002</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid lightblue;background:lightblue;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#; border:2px solid lightblue"> <dl><dd><b>National</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment_and_Forests_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Environment and Forests (India)">Ministry of Environment and Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Authority" title="National Biodiversity Authority">National Biodiversity Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Forest_Genetics_and_Tree_Breeding" title="Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding">Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Council_of_Forestry_Research_and_Education" title="Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education">Council of Forestry Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Forest_Service" title="Indian Forest Service">Indian Forest Service</a> / <a href="/wiki/Forest_Survey_of_India" title="Forest Survey of India">Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Forest_Management" title="Indian Institute of Forest Management">Institute of Forest Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Institute_of_India" title="Wildlife Institute of India">Wildlife Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Tiger_Conservation_Authority" title="National Tiger Conservation Authority">Tiger Conservation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Zoo_Authority" title="Central Zoo Authority">Zoo Authority</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>International</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature" title="International Union for Conservation of Nature">International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Zoo_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Zoo Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Zoo Association (SAZARC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Animal_Protection" title="World Animal Protection">World Animal Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="World Association of Zoos and Aquariums">World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid lightblue;background:lightblue;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#; border:2px solid lightblue"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_India" title="Environmental issues in India">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_parks_in_India" title="Fossil parks in India">Fossil parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_India" title="Forestry in India">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_natural_history" title="Indian natural history">Natural history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_India" title="Tourism in India">Tourism</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Lists</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_botanical_gardens_in_India" title="List of botanical gardens in India">Botanical gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_India" title="List of ecoregions in India">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zoos_in_India" title="List of zoos in India">Zoological gardens</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Wildlife population</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_by_elephant_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian states by elephant population">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_by_tiger_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian states by tiger population">Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_by_wildlife_population" title="List of Indian states by wildlife population">Wildlife</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wildlife_of_India" title="Template:Wildlife of India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wildlife_of_India" title="Template talk:Wildlife of India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wildlife_of_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wildlife of India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> is one of the most <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_hotspot" title="Biodiversity hotspot">biodiverse</a> regions and is home to a large variety of wildlife. It is one of the 17 <a href="/wiki/Megadiverse_countries" title="Megadiverse countries">megadiverse countries</a> and includes three of the world's 36 <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_hotspot" title="Biodiversity hotspot">biodiversity hotspots</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Western_Ghats" title="Western Ghats">Western Ghats</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Himalaya">Eastern Himalayas</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Burma" title="Indo-Burma">Indo-Burma</a> hotspot.<sup id="cite_ref-Stephen_et_al.,_2015_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stephen_et_al.,_2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 24.6% of the total land area is covered by forests. It has various ecosystems ranging from the high altitude <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tropical_evergreen_forests_of_India" title="Tropical evergreen forests of India">tropical evergreen forests</a> along the Western Ghats, <a href="/wiki/Thar_desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Thar desert">desert</a> in the north-west, coastal plains and <a href="/wiki/Mangroves" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangroves">mangroves</a> along the peninsular region. India lies within the <a href="/wiki/Indomalayan_realm" title="Indomalayan realm">Indomalayan realm</a> and is home to about 7.6% of <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammal</a>, 14.7% of <a href="/wiki/Amphibian" title="Amphibian">amphibian</a>, 6% of <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">bird</a>, 6.2% of <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">reptilian</a>, and 6.2% of <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plant</a> species. </p><p>Human encroachment, <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a> are significant challenges that threaten the existence of certain fauna and flora. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> established a system of <a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India" title="List of national parks of India">national parks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">protected areas</a> in 1935, which have been subsequently expanded to nearly 1022 protected areas by 2023. India has enacted the <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Protection_Act_of_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife Protection Act of 1972">Wildlife Protection Act of 1972</a> and special projects such as <a href="/wiki/Project_Tiger" title="Project Tiger">Project Tiger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Project_Elephant" title="Project Elephant">Project Elephant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Project_Dolphin_(India)" title="Project Dolphin (India)">Project Dolphin</a> for protection of critical species. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fauna">Fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_India" title="Fauna of India">Fauna of India</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elephas_maximus_(Bandipur).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Elephas_maximus_%28Bandipur%29.jpg/220px-Elephas_maximus_%28Bandipur%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Elephas_maximus_%28Bandipur%29.jpg/330px-Elephas_maximus_%28Bandipur%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Elephas_maximus_%28Bandipur%29.jpg/440px-Elephas_maximus_%28Bandipur%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2598" data-file-height="1732" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Indian_elephant" title="Indian elephant">Indian elephant</a>, the largest animal species in India</figcaption></figure> <p>India has an estimated 92,873 species of fauna, roughly about 7.5% of the species available worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-ENVIS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENVIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fauna_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fauna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Insects form the major category with 63423 recorded species. India is home to 423 <a href="/wiki/Mammals" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammals">mammals</a>, 1233 <a href="/wiki/Birds" class="mw-redirect" title="Birds">birds</a>, 526 <a href="/wiki/Reptiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptiles">reptiles</a>, 342 <a href="/wiki/Amphibians" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibians">amphibians</a>, 3022 <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> apart from other species which form 7.6% of mammal, 14.7% of amphibian, 6% of bird, 6.2% of reptilian species worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-ENVIS_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENVIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among Indian species, only 12.6% of mammals and 4.5% of birds are endemic, contrasting with 45.8% of reptiles and 55.8% of amphibians.<sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a> was formerly an island landmass (<a href="/wiki/Insular_India" title="Insular India">Insular India</a>) that split away from <a href="/wiki/Gondwana" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a> around 125 million years ago, during the <a href="/wiki/Early_Cretaceous" title="Early Cretaceous">Early Cretaceous</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Asia_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Late_Cretaceous" title="Late Cretaceous">Late Cretaceous</a> Insular Indian faunas were very similar to those found on Madagascar due to their shared connection until around 90 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_extinction_event" title="Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event">Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event</a> around 66 million years ago caused the extinction of many animals native to Insular India, such as its <a href="/wiki/Titanosauria" title="Titanosauria">titanosaurian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abelisauridae" title="Abelisauridae">abelisaurid</a> dinosaurs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the early <a href="/wiki/Cenozoic_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Cenozoic era">Cenozoic era</a>, around 55-50 million years ago, the Indian subcontinent collided with <a href="/wiki/Laurasia" title="Laurasia">Laurasia</a>, allowing animals from Asia to migrate into the Indian subcontinent. Some elements of India's modern fauna, such as the frog family <a href="/wiki/Nasikabatrachidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasikabatrachidae">Nasikabatrachidae</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Caecilian" title="Caecilian">caecillian</a> family <a href="/wiki/Chikilidae" title="Chikilidae">Chikilidae</a>, are suggested to have been present in India prior to its collision with Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-Asia_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four species of <a href="/wiki/Megafauna" title="Megafauna">megafauna</a> (large animals) native to India became extinct during the <a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene" title="Late Pleistocene">Late Pleistocene</a> around 10,000-50,000 years ago as part of a <a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene_extinctions" title="Late Pleistocene extinctions">global wave of megafauna extinctions</a>, these include the very large elephant <i><a href="/wiki/Palaeoloxodon_namadicus" title="Palaeoloxodon namadicus">Palaeoloxodon namadicus</a></i> (possibly the largest land mammal to have ever lived), the elephant relative <i><a href="/wiki/Stegodon" title="Stegodon">Stegodon</a></i>, the hippopotamus <i><a href="/wiki/Hexaprotodon" title="Hexaprotodon">Hexaprotodon</a></i>, and the equine <i><a href="/wiki/Equus_namadicus" title="Equus namadicus">Equus namadicus</a></i>. These extinctions are thought to have been after the arrival of modern humans on the Indian subcontinent. <a href="/wiki/Ostrich" title="Ostrich">Ostriches</a> were also formerly native to India, but also became extinct during the Late Pleistocene.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>India is home to several well-known large animals, including the <a href="/wiki/Indian_elephant" title="Indian elephant">Indian elephant</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Indian_rhinoceros" title="Indian rhinoceros">Indian rhinoceros</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Gaur" title="Gaur">Gaur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fauna_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fauna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India is the only country where the <a href="/wiki/Big_cat" title="Big cat">big cats</a> <a href="/wiki/Tiger" title="Tiger">tiger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a> exist in the wild. Members of the <a href="/wiki/Cat_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat family">cat family</a> include <a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Bengal tiger</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_lion" title="Asiatic lion">Asiatic lion</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Indian_leopard" title="Indian leopard">Indian leopard</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Snow_leopard" title="Snow leopard">snow leopard</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Clouded_leopard" title="Clouded leopard">clouded leopard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Representative and endemic species include <a href="/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">blackbuck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nilgai" title="Nilgai">nilgai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bharal" title="Bharal">bharal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barasingha" title="Barasingha">barasingha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_tahr" title="Nilgiri tahr">Nilgiri tahr</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_langur" title="Nilgiri langur">Nilgiri langur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fauna_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fauna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are about 31 species of aquatic mammals including <a href="/wiki/Dolphin" title="Dolphin">dolphins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">whales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porpoise" title="Porpoise">porpoises</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dugong" title="Dugong">dugong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reptiles include the <a href="/wiki/Gharial" title="Gharial">gharial</a>, the only living members of <a href="/wiki/Gavialis" title="Gavialis">Gavialis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saltwater_crocodile" title="Saltwater crocodile">saltwater crocodiles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fauna_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fauna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Birds include <a href="/wiki/Indian_peacock" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian peacock">peafowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pheasant" title="Pheasant">pheasants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geese" class="mw-redirect" title="Geese">geese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duck" title="Duck">ducks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myna" title="Myna">mynas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parakeet" title="Parakeet">parakeets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pigeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Pigeon">pigeons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crane_(bird)" title="Crane (bird)">cranes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hornbill" title="Hornbill">hornbills</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sunbird" title="Sunbird">sunbirds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fauna_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fauna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Endemic bird species include <a href="/wiki/Great_Indian_hornbill" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Indian hornbill">great Indian hornbill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Indian_bustard" title="Great Indian bustard">great Indian bustard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicobar_pigeon" title="Nicobar pigeon">nicobar pigeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruddy_shelduck" title="Ruddy shelduck">ruddy shelduck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Himalayan_monal" title="Himalayan monal">Himalayan monal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Himalayan_quail" title="Himalayan quail">Himalayan quail</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flora">Flora</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Flora"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg/220px-Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg/330px-Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg/440px-Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="2052" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nelumbo_nucifera" title="Nelumbo nucifera">Lotus</a>, the national flower of India</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Flora_of_India" title="Flora of India">Flora of India</a></div> <p>About 24.6% of the total land area is covered by forests.<sup id="cite_ref-ENVIS1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENVIS1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has various <a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_India" title="List of ecoregions in India">ecoregions</a> ranging from the high altitude <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tropical_evergreen_forests_of_India" title="Tropical evergreen forests of India">tropical evergreen forests</a> along the Western Ghats, <a href="/wiki/Thar_desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Thar desert">desert</a> in the north-west, coastal plains and <a href="/wiki/Mangroves" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangroves">mangroves</a> along the peninsular region.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India's climate has become progessively drier since the late <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a>, reducing forest cover in northern India in favour of grassland.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are about 29,015 species of plants including 17,926 species of <a href="/wiki/Angiosperms" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiosperms">flowering plants</a>. This is about 9.1% of the total plant species identified worldwide and 6,842 species are endemic to India. Other plant species include 7,244 <a href="/wiki/Algae" title="Algae">algae</a>, 2,504 <a href="/wiki/Bryophyte" title="Bryophyte">bryophytes</a>, 1,267 <a href="/wiki/Pteridophyte" title="Pteridophyte">pteridophytes</a> and 74 <a href="/wiki/Gymnosperm" title="Gymnosperm">gymnosperms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ENVIS_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENVIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One-third of the fungal diversity of the world exists in India with over 27,000 recorded species, making it the largest biotic community after insects.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation">Conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_India" title="Conservation in India">Conservation in India</a></div> <p>India harbors 172 (2.9%) <a href="/wiki/IUCN" class="mw-redirect" title="IUCN">IUCN</a>-designated threatened species.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include 39 species of <a href="/wiki/Mammals" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammals">mammals</a>, 72 species of <a href="/wiki/Birds" class="mw-redirect" title="Birds">birds</a>, 17 species of <a href="/wiki/Reptiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptiles">reptiles</a>, three species of <a href="/wiki/Amphibians" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibians">amphibians</a>, two species of <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a>, and a number of <a href="/wiki/Insects" class="mw-redirect" title="Insects">insects</a> including <a href="/wiki/Butterflies" class="mw-redirect" title="Butterflies">butterflies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moth" title="Moth">moths</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beetle" title="Beetle">beetles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fauna_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fauna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Human encroachment, <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a> are significant challenges that threaten the existence of certain fauna and flora. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> established a system of <a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India" title="List of national parks of India">national parks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">protected areas</a> in 1935, which have been subsequently expanded to nearly 1022 protected areas by 2023. Various laws have been enacted such as <a href="/wiki/Indian_Forest_Act,_1927" title="Indian Forest Act, 1927">Indian Forest Act, 1927</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Protection_Act_of_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife Protection Act of 1972">Wildlife Protection Act of 1972</a> and special projects such as <a href="/wiki/Project_Tiger" title="Project Tiger">Project Tiger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Project_Elephant" title="Project Elephant">Project Elephant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Project_Dolphin_(India)" title="Project Dolphin (India)">Project Dolphin</a> have been initiated for the protection of forests, wildlife and critical species.<sup id="cite_ref-Tritsch_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tritsch-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2023, there are 1022 <a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">protected areas</a> including 106 <a href="/wiki/National_parks" class="mw-redirect" title="National parks">national parks</a>, 573 <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_sanctuaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife sanctuaries">wildlife sanctuaries</a>, 220 conservation reserves and 123 community reserves. In addition, there are 55 tiger reserves, 18 biosphere reserves and 32 elephant reserves.<sup id="cite_ref-ENVIS1_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENVIS1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_symbols">National symbols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: National symbols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1233514072">.mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers{counter-reset:rowNumber}.mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers tr::before{content:"";display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right;vertical-align:inherit}.mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.static-row-numbers-left tr::before{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output 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hover-highlight"> <caption><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_India" title="National symbols of India">National symbols of India</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Symbol </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Scientific name </th> <th>Image </th> <th>Reference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_animals" title="List of national animals">Animal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiger" title="Tiger">Tiger</a> </td> <td><i>Panthera tigris</i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adult_male_Royal_Bengal_tiger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Adult_male_Royal_Bengal_tiger.jpg/150px-Adult_male_Royal_Bengal_tiger.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Adult_male_Royal_Bengal_tiger.jpg/225px-Adult_male_Royal_Bengal_tiger.jpg 1.5x, 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1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Blue_Peacock_Safari_Park.jpg/300px-Blue_Peacock_Safari_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3231" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-BA_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BA-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="National flower">Flower</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lotus_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotus flower">Lotus</a> </td> <td><i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg/150px-Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg/225px-Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg/300px-Nelumno_nucifera_open_flower_-_botanic_garden_adelaide2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="2052" /></a></span> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Symbol_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Symbol-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_trees" title="List of national trees">Tree</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ficus_benghalensis" title="Ficus benghalensis">Banyan</a> </td> <td><i>Ficus benghalensis</i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thimmamma-marrimanu_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Thimmamma-marrimanu_1.jpg/150px-Thimmamma-marrimanu_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Thimmamma-marrimanu_1.jpg/225px-Thimmamma-marrimanu_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Thimmamma-marrimanu_1.jpg/300px-Thimmamma-marrimanu_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="779" data-file-height="479" /></a></span> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Symbol_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Symbol-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_fruits" title="List of national fruits">Fruit</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mangifera_indica" title="Mangifera indica">Mango</a> </td> <td><i>Mangifera indica</i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_green_mango_for_you.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/A_green_mango_for_you.JPG/150px-A_green_mango_for_you.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/A_green_mango_for_you.JPG/225px-A_green_mango_for_you.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/A_green_mango_for_you.JPG/300px-A_green_mango_for_you.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Symbol_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Symbol-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aquatic_animal" title="Aquatic animal">Aquatic animal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ganges_river_dolphin" title="Ganges river dolphin">Ganges river dolphin</a> </td> <td><i>Platanista gangetica</i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ganges_River_Dolphin_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ganges_River_Dolphin_cropped.jpg/150px-Ganges_River_Dolphin_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ganges_River_Dolphin_cropped.jpg/225px-Ganges_River_Dolphin_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ganges_River_Dolphin_cropped.jpg/300px-Ganges_River_Dolphin_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="394" /></a></span> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Heritage animal </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_elephant" title="Indian elephant">Indian elephant</a> </td> <td><i>Elephas maximus</i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IndianElephant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IndianElephant.jpg/150px-IndianElephant.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IndianElephant.jpg/225px-IndianElephant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IndianElephant.jpg/300px-IndianElephant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-NS_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NS-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptile</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_cobra" title="King cobra">King cobra</a> </td> <td><i>Ophiophagus hannah</i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:12_-_The_Mystical_King_Cobra_and_Coffee_Forests.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/12_-_The_Mystical_King_Cobra_and_Coffee_Forests.jpg/150px-12_-_The_Mystical_King_Cobra_and_Coffee_Forests.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/12_-_The_Mystical_King_Cobra_and_Coffee_Forests.jpg/225px-12_-_The_Mystical_King_Cobra_and_Coffee_Forests.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/12_-_The_Mystical_King_Cobra_and_Coffee_Forests.jpg/300px-12_-_The_Mystical_King_Cobra_and_Coffee_Forests.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="808" /></a></span> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-NS_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NS-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_India" title="List of birds of India">List of birds of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_India" title="List of mammals of India">List of mammals of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_South_Asia" title="List of reptiles of South Asia">List of reptiles of South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_by_wildlife_population" title="List of Indian states by wildlife population">Wildlife population of India</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStephen,_A.Suresh,_R.Livingstone,_C.2015" class="citation journal cs1">Stephen, A.; Suresh, R. & Livingstone, C. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+symbols+of+India&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsulabhenvis.nic.in%2FKidsCentre%2FNationalSymbols_226.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091008010352/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News/india/Dolphin-becomes-India-s-national-aquatic-animal/Article1-461628.aspx">"Dolphin becomes India's national aquatic animal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/News/india/Dolphin-becomes-India-s-national-aquatic-animal/Article1-461628.aspx">the original</a> on 8 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Dolphin+becomes+India%27s+national+aquatic+animal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2FNews%2Findia%2FDolphin-becomes-India-s-national-aquatic-animal%2FArticle1-461628.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NS-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NS_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NS_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/significant-symbols/article2336245.ece">"Significant symbols"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. 8 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Significant+symbols&rft.date=2011-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Ffeatures%2Fkids%2Fsignificant-symbols%2Farticle2336245.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Saravanan, Velayutham. <i>Environmental History of Modern India: Land, Population, Technology and Development</i> (Bloomsbury Publishing India, 2022) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=58163">online review</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrasad,_S.N.Ramachanandra,_T.V.Ahalya,_N.Sengupta,_T.2002" class="citation journal cs1">Prasad, S.N.; Ramachanandra, T.V.; Ahalya, N.; Sengupta, T.; Kumar, A.; Tiwari, A.K.; Vijayan, V.S. & Vijayan, L. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.526.3559&rep=rep1&type=pdf">"Conservation of wetlands of India – a review"</a>. <i>Tropical Ecology</i>. <b>43</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">173–</span>186. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.526.3559">10.1.1.526.3559</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tropical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Conservation+of+wetlands+of+India+%E2%80%93+a+review&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E173-%3C%2Fspan%3E186&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.526.3559%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft.au=Prasad%2C+S.N.&rft.au=Ramachanandra%2C+T.V.&rft.au=Ahalya%2C+N.&rft.au=Sengupta%2C+T.&rft.au=Kumar%2C+A.&rft.au=Tiwari%2C+A.K.&rft.au=Vijayan%2C+V.S.&rft.au=Vijayan%2C+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.526.3559%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManoharachary,_C.Sridhar,_K.Singh,_R.Adholeya,_A.2005" class="citation journal cs1">Manoharachary, C.; Sridhar, K.; Singh, R.; Adholeya, A.; Suryanarayanan, T. S.; Rawat, S. & Johri, B.N. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828204205/http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/jul102005/58.pdf">"Fungal biodiversity: Distribution, conservation and prospecting of fungi from India"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Current Science</i>. <b>89</b> (1). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/jul102005/58.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Science&rft.atitle=Fungal+biodiversity%3A+Distribution%2C+conservation+and+prospecting+of+fungi+from+India&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Manoharachary%2C+C.&rft.au=Sridhar%2C+K.&rft.au=Singh%2C+R.&rft.au=Adholeya%2C+A.&rft.au=Suryanarayanan%2C+T.+S.&rft.au=Rawat%2C+S.&rft.au=Johri%2C+B.N.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iisc.ernet.in%2Fcurrsci%2Fjul102005%2F58.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamaluddin,_M.G.GoswamiB.M._Ojha2004" class="citation book cs1">Jamaluddin, M.G.; Goswami; B.M. Ojha (2004). <i>Fungi of India 1989–2001</i>. Scientific Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8172333544" title="Special:BookSources/8172333544"><bdi>8172333544</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fungi+of+India+1989%E2%80%932001&rft.pub=Scientific+Publishers&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=8172333544&rft.au=Jamaluddin%2C+M.G.&rft.au=Goswami&rft.au=B.M.+Ojha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWildlife+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_India&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.envfor.nic.in/">Official website of: Government of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.envfor.nic.in/legis/legis.html">"Legislations on Environment, Forests, and Wildlife" from the Official website of: Government of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.envfor.nic.in/legis/legis.html#S">"India's Forest Conservation Legislation: Acts, Rules, Guidelines", from the official website of the Government of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.envfor.nic.in/legis/legis.html#R">Wildlife Legislations, including - "The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act" from the Official website of: Government of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/National_Geological_Monuments_of_India" title="National Geological Monuments of India">Geological Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stones_of_India" title="Stones of India">Stones</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_India" title="Culture of India">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_India" title="History of India">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monuments_of_National_Importance_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Monuments of National Importance of India">National monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_groves_of_India" title="Sacred groves of India">Sacred Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_mountains#India" title="Sacred mountains">Sacred Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River#Sacred" title="River">Sacred Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_India" title="Tourism in India">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage Sites in India">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landforms_of_India" title="Landforms of India">Landforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_India" title="List of beaches in India">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_India" title="Borders of India">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_India" title="Coastal India">Coasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_canals_in_India" title="List of canals in India">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thar_Desert" title="Thar Desert">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of_India" title="Exclusive economic zone of India">ECZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_India" title="List of extreme points of India">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of glaciers of India">Glaciers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_highest_point" title="List of Indian states and union territories by highest point">Highest point by states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_India" title="List of islands of India">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lakes in India">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_India" title="List of mountains in India">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_passes_of_India" title="List of mountain passes of India">Mountain passes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_rivers_of_India" title="List of major rivers of India">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_in_India" title="List of valleys in India">Valleys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_India" title="List of volcanoes in India">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_India" title="List of waterfalls in India">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regions of India">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_India" title="North India">North India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_India" title="Northwest India">Northwest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_India" title="Northeast India">Northeast India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India" title="East India">East India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_India" class="mw-redirect" title="West India">West India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_India" title="Central India">Central India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regions of India">Geographical regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deccan_Plateau" title="Deccan Plateau">Deccan Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Coastal_Plains" title="Eastern Coastal Plains">Eastern Coastal Plains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Circars" title="Northern Circars">Circars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coromandel_Coast" title="Coromandel Coast">Coromandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utkal_Plains" title="Utkal Plains">Utkal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Himalaya">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Himalaya">Himachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Himalayas" title="Great Himalayas">Himadri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivalik_Hills" title="Sivalik Hills">Sivalik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thar_Desert" title="Thar Desert">Thar Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Coastal_Plains" title="Western Coastal Plains">Western Coastal Plains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canara" class="mw-redirect" title="Canara">Canara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konkan_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Konkan Coast">Konkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathiawar" title="Kathiawar">Kathiawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_Coast" title="Malabar Coast">Malabar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Administrative divisions of India">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">States and territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Autonomous administrative divisions of India">Autonomous areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_divisions_in_India" title="List of divisions in India">Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_India_by_population" title="List of cities in India by population">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_India_by_population" title="List of towns in India by population">Towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of India">Municipalities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_India" title="Environment of India">Ecology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biogeographic_classification_of_India" title="Biogeographic classification of India">Biogeographic classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_India" title="Climate of India">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_India" title="List of ecoregions in India">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_India" title="Environmental issues in India">Environmental Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_India" title="Fauna of India">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_India" title="Flora of India">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_forests_in_India" title="List of forests in India">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">Protected Areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biosphere_reserves_of_India" title="Biosphere reserves of India">Biosphere reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communal_forests_of_India" title="Communal forests of India">Communal forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_areas_of_India" title="Conservation areas of India">Conservation areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_reserves_and_community_reserves_of_India" title="Conservation reserves and community reserves of India">Conservation and community reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Elephant#Elephant_reserves" title="Project Elephant">Elephant reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India" title="List of national parks of India">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ramsar_sites_in_India" title="List of Ramsar sites in India">Ramsar Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserved_forests_and_protected_forests_of_India" title="Reserved forests and protected forests of India">Reserved and protected forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_reserves_of_India" title="Tiger reserves of India">Tiger reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_sanctuaries_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife sanctuaries of India">Wildlife sanctuaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wildlife_of_Asia412" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wildlife_of_Asia412" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Asia">Wildlife of Asia </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Afghanistan" title="Wildlife of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Armenia" title="Wildlife of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Azerbaijan" title="Wildlife of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Bahrain" title="Wildlife of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Bhutan" title="Wildlife of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Brunei" title="Wildlife of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Cambodia" title="Wildlife of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_China" title="Wildlife of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Cyprus" title="Wildlife of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Egypt" title="Wildlife of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Iran" title="Wildlife of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Iraq" title="Wildlife of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Israel" title="Wildlife of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Japan" title="Wildlife of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Jordan" title="Wildlife of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Kazakhstan" title="Wildlife of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_South_Korea" title="Wildlife of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Kuwait" title="Wildlife of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Laos" title="Wildlife of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Lebanon" title="Wildlife of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Malaysia" title="Wildlife of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Maldives" title="Wildlife of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Mongolia" title="Wildlife of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Myanmar" title="Wildlife of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Nepal" title="Wildlife of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Oman" title="Wildlife of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Pakistan" title="Wildlife of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Philippines" title="Wildlife of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Qatar" title="Wildlife of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Russia" title="Wildlife of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Wildlife of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Singapore" title="Wildlife of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Wildlife of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Syria" title="Wildlife of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Tajikistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Timor-Leste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of Timor-Leste (page does not exist)">Timor-Leste (East Timor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Turkey" title="Wildlife of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Turkmenistan" title="Wildlife of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Wildlife of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Vietnam" title="Wildlife of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Yemen" title="Wildlife of Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Christmas_Island" title="Wildlife of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of Hong Kong (page does not exist)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Tourism_in_India484" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tourism_in_India" title="Template:Tourism in India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tourism_in_India" title="Template talk:Tourism in India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism_in_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism in India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Tourism_in_India484" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_India" title="Tourism in India">Tourism in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_India_by_state" title="Tourism in India by state">By state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="Tourism in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Assam" title="Tourism in Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Bihar" title="Tourism in Bihar">Bihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Delhi" title="List of tourist attractions in Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Chhattisgarh" title="Tourism in Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Goa" title="Tourism in Goa">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Gujarat" title="Tourism in Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Tourism in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Jharkhand" title="Tourism in Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haryana" title="Tourism in Haryana">Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Karnataka" title="Tourism in Karnataka">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Kerala" title="Tourism in Kerala">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Ladakh" title="Tourism in Ladakh">Ladakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Maharashtra" title="Tourism in Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Mizoram" title="Tourism in Mizoram">Mizoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Northeast_India" title="Tourism in Northeast India">Northeast India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Odisha" title="Tourism in Odisha">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Puducherry" title="Tourism in Puducherry">Puducherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Punjab,_India" title="Tourism in Punjab, India">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Rajasthan" title="Tourism in Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Telangana" title="Tourism in Telangana">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="Tourism in Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Uttarakhand" title="Tourism in Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_West_Bengal" title="Tourism in West Bengal">West Bengal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Agra" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tourist attractions in Agra">Agra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Ahmedabad" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tourist attractions in Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Aurangabad" title="List of tourist attractions in Aurangabad">Aurangabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tourist attractions in Bangalore">Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Bhopal" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tourist attractions in Bhopal">Bhopal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Chandigarh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tourist attractions in Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Chennai" title="List of tourist attractions in Chennai">Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Coimbatore" title="List of tourist attractions in Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Dehradun" title="List of tourist attractions in Dehradun">Dehradun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Delhi" title="List of tourist attractions in Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Gwalior" title="List of tourist attractions in Gwalior">Gwalior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Hyderabad" title="List of tourist attractions in Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Jabalpur" title="List of tourist attractions in Jabalpur">Jabalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Jaipur" title="List of tourist attractions in Jaipur">Jaipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Kochi" title="List of tourist attractions in Kochi">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Kolkata" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tourist attractions in Kolkata">Kolkata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Kozhikode" title="List of tourist attractions in Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Lucknow" title="List of tourist attractions in Lucknow">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Madurai" title="List of tourist attractions in Madurai">Madurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Mumbai" title="List of tourist attractions in Mumbai">Mumbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Mysore" title="List of tourist attractions in Mysore">Mysore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Patna" title="List of tourist attractions in Patna">Patna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Prayagraj" title="List of tourist attractions in Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Pune" title="List of tourist attractions in Pune">Pune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Surat" title="List of tourist attractions in Surat">Surat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Thiruvananthapuram" title="Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Tiruchirappalli" title="List of tourist attractions in Tiruchirappalli">Tiruchirappalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Udaipur" title="List of tourist attractions in Udaipur">Udaipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Vadodara" title="List of tourist attractions in Vadodara">Vadodara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Varanasi" title="List of tourist attractions in Varanasi">Varanasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Vellore" title="List of tourist attractions in Vellore">Vellore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Vijayawada" title="List of tourist attractions in Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_and_events_in_Visakhapatnam" title="List of tourist attractions and events in Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_tourism#India" title="Atomic tourism">Atomic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellness_tourism#Asia-Pacific" title="Wellness tourism">Ayurvedic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_tourism_in_India" title="Medical tourism in India">Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_India" title="Sport in India">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_tourism" title="Yoga tourism">Yoga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_by_country#India" title="List of archaeological sites by country">Archaeological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeoastronomical_sites_by_country#India" title="List of archaeoastronomical sites by country">Archaeoastronomical Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_India" title="List of tallest buildings in India">Buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_paintings_in_India" title="Cave paintings in India">Cave Paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dolmens#India" title="List of dolmens">Dolmens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_forts_in_India" title="List of forts in India">Forts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_parks_in_India" title="Fossil parks in India">Fossil Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Geological_Monuments_of_India" title="National Geological Monuments of India">Geological Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghats" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghats">Ghats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_menhirs#India" title="List of menhirs">Menhirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_monuments_and_memorials#India" title="Lists of monuments and memorials">Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_India" title="List of museums in India">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monuments_of_National_Importance_(India)" title="Monuments of National Importance (India)">National Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Pilgrimage sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rock-cut_temples_in_India" title="List of rock-cut temples in India">Rock-cut Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colossal_sculptures_in_situ#Asia" title="List of colossal sculptures in situ">Sculptures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statues#India" title="List of statues">Statues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepwell#In_India" title="Stepwell">Stepwells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures_in_India" title="List of tallest structures in India">Structures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_India" title="List of World Heritage Sites in India">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_India" title="Environment of India">Nature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_India" title="List of beaches in India">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves#India" title="List of caves">Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral_reefs_in_India" title="Coral reefs in India">Coral Reefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hill_stations_in_India" title="List of hill stations in India">Hill stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_India" title="List of islands of India">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_India" title="List of lakes of India">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_India" title="List of mountains in India">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rivers in India">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_India" title="List of waterfalls in India">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wildlife</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India" title="List of national parks of India">National Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">Protected Areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_groves_of_India" title="Sacred groves of India">Sacred Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Reserves_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiger Reserves of India">Tiger Reserves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_India" title="Culture of India">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atithi_Devo_Bhava" title="Atithi Devo Bhava">Atithi Devo Bhava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_India" title="Cinema of India">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_India" title="List of festivals in India">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_diaspora" title="Indian diaspora">Indian diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianisation" title="Indianisation">Indianisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indosphere" title="Indosphere">Indosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaste" title="Namaste">Namaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarva_Dharma_Sama_Bhava" title="Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava">Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aerial_tramways#India" title="List of aerial tramways">Aerial Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airports_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Airports in India">Airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_India" title="Borders of India">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_India" title="List of bridges in India">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghat_Roads" title="Ghat Roads">Ghat Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">Railway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luxury_rail_trains_in_India#Tourist_trains" title="Luxury rail trains in India">Luxury Trains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_railways_of_India" title="Mountain railways of India">Mountain Railways</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/India_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="India Tourism Development Corporation">India Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation">Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Assam Tourism Development Corporation">Assam Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihar_State_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation">Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Tourism_and_Transportation_Development_Corporation" title="Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation">Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarat_Tourism" title="Gujarat Tourism">Gujarat Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Tourism_Corporation" title="Haryana Tourism Corporation">Haryana Tourism Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Jammu and Kashmir Tourism Development Corporation">Jammu and Kashmir Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Kerala Tourism Development Corporation">Kerala Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Madhya Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation">Madhya Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation">Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Odisha Tourism Development Corporation">Odisha Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation">Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation">Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_State_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation">Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_Tourism" title="Uttar Pradesh Tourism">Uttar Pradesh Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation">West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_India" title="History of India">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incredible_India" title="Incredible India">Incredible India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_India" title="Visa policy of India">Visa policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Tourism_in_India" title="Category:Tourism in 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