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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Genre of Occitan poetry shaped as a competition</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BnF_ms._854_fol._152_-_Savaric_de_Maul%C3%A9on_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BnF_ms._854_fol._152_-_Savaric_de_Maul%C3%A9on_%281%29.jpg/220px-BnF_ms._854_fol._152_-_Savaric_de_Maul%C3%A9on_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BnF_ms._854_fol._152_-_Savaric_de_Maul%C3%A9on_%281%29.jpg/330px-BnF_ms._854_fol._152_-_Savaric_de_Maul%C3%A9on_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BnF_ms._854_fol._152_-_Savaric_de_Maul%C3%A9on_%281%29.jpg/440px-BnF_ms._854_fol._152_-_Savaric_de_Maul%C3%A9on_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1317" data-file-height="890" /></a><figcaption>A miniature illustration of a knight next to the text of the <i>torneyamen</i> between <a href="/wiki/Savaric_de_Malleo" class="mw-redirect" title="Savaric de Malleo">Savaric de Malleo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaucelm_Faidit" title="Gaucelm Faidit">Gaucelm Faidit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uc_de_la_Bacalaria" title="Uc de la Bacalaria">Uc de la Bacalaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>A <i><b>torneyamen</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Occitan:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="oc-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Occitan" title="Help:IPA/Occitan">[tuɾnejɔˈmen,<span class="wrap"> </span>tuʀnejɔˈme]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a>: <i lang="ca">tornejament</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ca-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Catalan" title="Help:IPA/Catalan">[tuɾnəʒəˈmen,<span class="wrap"> </span>toɾnedʒaˈmen]</a></span>; "<a href="/wiki/Tournament" title="Tournament">tournament</a>") or <i><b>certamen</b></i> was a <a href="/wiki/Lyric_poetry" title="Lyric poetry">lyric</a> <a href="/wiki/Genre" title="Genre">genre</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Troubadour" title="Troubadour">troubadours</a> of the thirteenth century. Closely related to the <i><a href="/wiki/Tenso" title="Tenso">tenso</a></i>, a debate between two poets, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Partimen" title="Partimen">partimen</a></i>, a question posed by one poet and another's response, the <i>torneyamen</i> took place between several poets, originally usually three. The first three-way <i>tenso</i> was initiated by <a href="/wiki/Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras" title="Raimbaut de Vaqueiras">Raimbaut de Vaqueiras</a> with <a href="/wiki/Ademar_de_Peiteus" title="Ademar de Peiteus">Ademar de Peiteus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perdigon" title="Perdigon">Perdigon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These wider <i>tensos</i> only became known as <i>torneyamens</i> later.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <i>tenso</i> or <i>partimen</i> that was submitted to another troubadour for adjudication may have a poetic <i>jutjamen</i> (judgement) attached to it and so may be considered as a <i>torneyamen</i> between three. The <i>torneyamen</i>, like the related debate forms, was probably especially common at contests, such as <a href="/wiki/Floral_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Floral games">floral games</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Puy_(society)" title="Puy (society)">puys</a></i>. Many such <i>tensos</i> and <i>partimens</i> come with attached <i>jutjamens</i> rendered in verse, as in the example <i>Senyer Bernatz, dues puncelhas say</i> cited below. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torneyamen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trobar.org/troubadours/raimbaut_de_vaqueiras/raimbaut_de_vaqueiras_09.php"><i>Senher n'Aymar, chauzes de tres baros</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras" title="Raimbaut de Vaqueiras">Raimbaut de Vaqueiras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perdigon" title="Perdigon">Perdigon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ademar_de_Peiteus" title="Ademar de Peiteus">Ademar de Peiteus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialto.unina.it/GrRiq/248.76(Guida).htm"><i>Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Guiraut_Riquier" title="Guiraut Riquier">Guiraut Riquier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enric_de_Rodez" class="mw-redirect" title="Enric de Rodez">Enric de Rodez</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peire_Pelet" title="Peire Pelet">Peire Pelet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialto.unina.it/GrRiq/248.74(Guida).htm"><i>Senhe n'Austorc d'Alboy, lo coms plazens</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Guiraut_Riquier" title="Guiraut Riquier">Guiraut Riquier</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Austorc_d%27Alboy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Austorc d'Alboy (page does not exist)">Austorc d'Alboy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Enric_de_Rodez" class="mw-redirect" title="Enric de Rodez">Enric de Rodez</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialto.unina.it/GrRiq/248.11(Betti).htm"><i>A·n Miquel de Castilho</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Guiraut_Riquier" title="Guiraut Riquier">Guiraut Riquier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miquel_de_Castilho" class="mw-redirect" title="Miquel de Castilho">Miquel de Castilho</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Codolen" class="mw-redirect" title="Codolen">Codolet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialto.unina.it/GlMur/226.1(Guida).htm"><i>De so don yeu soy doptos</i></a> between <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillem_de_Mur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillem de Mur (page does not exist)">Guillem de Mur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guiraut_Riquier" title="Guiraut Riquier">Guiraut Riquier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enric_de_Rodez" class="mw-redirect" title="Enric de Rodez">Enric de Rodez</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marques_de_Canillac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marques de Canillac (page does not exist)">Marques de Canillac</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialto.unina.it/GlMur/226.8(Guida).htm"><i>Guiraut Riquier, segon vostr'essien</i></a> between <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillem_de_Mur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillem de Mur (page does not exist)">Guillem de Mur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guiraut_Riquier" title="Guiraut Riquier">Guiraut Riquier</a>, judged by <a href="/wiki/Enric_de_Rodez" class="mw-redirect" title="Enric de Rodez">Enric de Rodez</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialto.unina.it/GrRiq/248.77(Betti).htm"><i>Senh'en Jorda, sie·us manda Livernos</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Guiraut_Riquier" title="Guiraut Riquier">Guiraut Riquier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan_IV_of_L%27Isle-Jourdain" title="Jordan IV of L'Isle-Jourdain">Jordan IV of L'Isle-Jourdain</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimon_Izarn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raimon Izarn (page does not exist)">Raimon Izarn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paulet_de_Marseilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulet de Marseilla">Paulet de Marseilla</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialto.unina.it/GrRiq/248.75(Guida).htm"><i>Senhe n'Enric, a vos don avantatje</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Guiraut_Riquier" title="Guiraut Riquier">Guiraut Riquier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enric_de_Rodez" class="mw-redirect" title="Enric de Rodez">Enric de Rodez</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marques_de_Canillac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marques de Canillac (page does not exist)">Marques de Canillac</a>, judged by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peire_d%27Estanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peire d'Estanh (page does not exist)">Peire d'Estanh</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trobar.org/troubadours/gaucelm_faidit/poem51.php"><i>Gaucelm, tres jocs enamoratz</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Gaucelm_Faidit" title="Gaucelm Faidit">Gaucelm Faidit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uc_de_la_Bacalaria" title="Uc de la Bacalaria">Uc de la Bacalaria</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Savaric_de_Malleo" class="mw-redirect" title="Savaric de Malleo">Savaric de Malleo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rialc.unina.it/126.2.htm"><i>Senyer Bernatz, dues puncelhas say</i></a> between <a href="/wiki/Jacme_Rovira" title="Jacme Rovira">Jacme Rovira</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bernat_de_Palaol" title="Bernat de Palaol">Bernat de Palaol</a>, judged by <a href="/wiki/Germ%C3%A0_de_Gontaut" title="Germà de Gontaut">Germà de Gontaut</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramon_Galbarra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramon Galbarra (page does not exist)">Ramon Galbarra</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torneyamen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The red text reads: <i>Densavarics de maulleon, et en Gusellins faiditz, et en hugo de la bacalaria</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It—<i>Senher n'Aymar, chauzes de tres baros</i>—is available, with English translation, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trobar.org/troubadours/raimbaut_de_vaqueiras/raimbaut_de_vaqueiras_09.php">here</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chambers, Frank M. (1985), <i>An Introduction to Old Provençal Versification</i> (Diane Publishing, <small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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forms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Western_medieval_lyric_forms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Western medieval lyric forms (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Western_medieval_lyric_forms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Western medieval lyric forms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Western_medieval_lyric_forms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Western medieval lyric forms</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By regional tradition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Occitan_literary_genres" title="Category:Occitan literary genres">Occitan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alba_(poetry)" title="Alba (poetry)">Alba (poetry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlabecca" title="Arlabecca">Arlabecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aubade" title="Aubade">Aubade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canso_(song)" title="Canso (song)">Canso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobla_esparsa" title="Cobla esparsa">Cobla esparsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dansa" title="Dansa">Dansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descort" title="Descort">Descort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devinalh" title="Devinalh">Devinalh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensenhamen" title="Ensenhamen">Ensenhamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enuig" title="Enuig">Enuig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(song)" title="Gab (song)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo_Boi%C3%A8r" title="Lo Boièr">Lo Boièr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldit-comiat" title="Maldit-comiat">Maldit-comiat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partimen" title="Partimen">Partimen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastorela" title="Pastorela">Pastorela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planh" title="Planh">Planh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salut_d%27amor" title="Salut d'amor">Salut d'amor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sestina" title="Sestina">Sestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirventes" title="Sirventes">Sirventes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenso" title="Tenso">Tenso</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Torneyamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tornada_(Occitan_literary_term)" title="Tornada (Occitan literary term)">Tornada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobar_clus" title="Trobar clus">Trobar clus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobar_leu" title="Trobar leu">Trobar leu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobar_ric" title="Trobar ric">Trobar ric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viadera" title="Viadera">Viadera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chanson_de_toile" title="Chanson de toile">Chanson de toile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formes_fixes" title="Formes fixes">Formes fixes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ballade_(forme_fixe)" title="Ballade (forme fixe)">Ballade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rondeau_(forme_fixe)" title="Rondeau (forme fixe)">Rondeau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virelai" title="Virelai">Virelai</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_chant" title="Grand chant">Grand chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastourelle" title="Pastourelle">Pastourelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdie" title="Reverdie">Reverdie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondel_(poem)" title="Rondel (poem)">Rondel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondelet" title="Rondelet">Rondelet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;">Italian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballata" title="Ballata">Ballata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octave_(poetry)" title="Octave (poetry)">Octave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottava_rima" title="Ottava rima">Ottava rima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrarchan_sonnet" title="Petrarchan sonnet">Petrarchan sonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_octave" title="Sicilian octave">Sicilian octave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;">Welsh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awdl" title="Awdl">Awdl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerdd_dafod" title="Cerdd dafod">Cerdd dafod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cywydd" title="Cywydd">Cywydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traethodl" title="Traethodl">Traethodl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;">German</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leise" title="Leise">Leise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagelied" title="Tagelied">Tagelied</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;">Galician-Portuguese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantiga_de_amigo" title="Cantiga de amigo">Cantiga de amigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantiga_de_amor" title="Cantiga de amor">Cantiga de amor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantigas_de_esc%C3%A1rnio_e_maldizer" title="Cantigas de escárnio e maldizer">Cantigas de escárnio e maldizer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;">English</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madrigal_(poetry)" title="Madrigal (poetry)">Madrigal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;font-weight:normal;">others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyrielle" title="Kyrielle">Kyrielle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triolet" title="Triolet">Triolet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By alphabetical order</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alba_(poetry)" title="Alba (poetry)">Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlabecca" title="Arlabecca">Arlabecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aubade" title="Aubade">Aubade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awdl" title="Awdl">Awdl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballade_(forme_fixe)" title="Ballade (forme fixe)">Ballade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballata" title="Ballata">Ballata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canso_(song)" title="Canso (song)">Canso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantiga_de_amigo" title="Cantiga de amigo">Cantiga de amigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantiga_de_amor" title="Cantiga de amor">Cantiga de amor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantigas_de_esc%C3%A1rnio_e_maldizer" title="Cantigas de escárnio e maldizer">Cantigas de escárnio e maldizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerdd_dafod" title="Cerdd dafod">Cerdd dafod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanson_de_toile" title="Chanson de toile">Chanson de toile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobla_esparsa" title="Cobla esparsa">Cobla esparsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cywydd" title="Cywydd">Cywydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dansa" title="Dansa">Dansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descort" title="Descort">Descort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devinalh" title="Devinalh">Devinalh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensenhamen" title="Ensenhamen">Ensenhamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enuig" title="Enuig">Enuig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formes_fixes" title="Formes fixes">Formes fixes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(song)" title="Gab (song)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_chant" title="Grand chant">Grand chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrielle" title="Kyrielle">Kyrielle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leise" title="Leise">Leise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrigal_(poetry)" title="Madrigal (poetry)">Madrigal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldit-comiat" title="Maldit-comiat">Maldit-comiat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octave_(poetry)" title="Octave (poetry)">Octave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partimen" title="Partimen">Partimen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastorela" title="Pastorela">Pastorela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastourelle" title="Pastourelle">Pastourelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrarchan_sonnet" title="Petrarchan sonnet">Petrarchan sonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planh" title="Planh">Planh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdie" title="Reverdie">Reverdie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondeau_(forme_fixe)" title="Rondeau (forme fixe)">Rondeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondel_(poem)" title="Rondel (poem)">Rondel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondelet" title="Rondelet">Rondelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salut_d%27amor" title="Salut d'amor">Salut d'amor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sestina" title="Sestina">Sestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_octave" title="Sicilian octave">Sicilian octave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirventes" title="Sirventes">Sirventes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagelied" title="Tagelied">Tagelied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenso" title="Tenso">Tenso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tornada_(Occitan_literary_term)" title="Tornada (Occitan literary term)">Tornada</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Torneyamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traethodl" title="Traethodl">Traethodl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triolet" title="Triolet">Triolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobar_clus" title="Trobar clus">Trobar clus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobar_leu" title="Trobar leu">Trobar leu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobar_ric" title="Trobar ric">Trobar ric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viadera" title="Viadera">Viadera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virelai" title="Virelai">Virelai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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