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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width: 24em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: gainsboro">Louis Zborowski</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_Zborowski_at_the_1922_French_Grand_Prix_(2)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Louis_Zborowski_at_the_1922_French_Grand_Prix_%282%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Louis_Zborowski_at_the_1922_French_Grand_Prix_%282%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Louis_Zborowski_at_the_1922_French_Grand_Prix_%282%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Louis_Zborowski_at_the_1922_French_Grand_Prix_%282%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Louis_Zborowski_at_the_1922_French_Grand_Prix_%282%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Louis_Zborowski_at_the_1922_French_Grand_Prix_%282%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1643" data-file-height="2502" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Zborowski at the <a href="/wiki/1922_French_Grand_Prix" title="1922 French Grand Prix">1922 French Grand Prix</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Louis Vorow Zborowski<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1895-02-20</span>)</span>20 February 1895<br /><a href="/wiki/Mayfair" title="Mayfair">Mayfair</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_of_London" title="County of London">London</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">19 October 1924<span style="display:none">(1924-10-19)</span> (aged 29)<br /><a href="/wiki/Monza" title="Monza">Monza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>, Italy</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: gainsboro"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><a href="/wiki/American_Championship_car_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="American Championship car racing">Champ Car</a> career</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">1 race run over 1 year</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First race</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1923_AAA_Championship_Car_season" title="1923 AAA Championship Car season">1923</a> <a href="/wiki/1923_Indianapolis_500" title="1923 Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Motor_Speedway" title="Indianapolis Motor Speedway">Indianapolis</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="width:100%; background-color: inherit"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 33.3%; text-align: center; font-size: larger">Wins</th> <th style="width: 33.3%; text-align: center; font-size: larger">Podiums</th> <th style="width: 33.3%; text-align: center; font-size: larger"><a href="/wiki/Pole_position" title="Pole position">Poles</a></th> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align: center; font-size: larger">0</td> <td style="text-align: center; font-size: larger">0</td> <td style="text-align: center; font-size: larger">0</td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Louis Vorow Zborowski</b> (20 February 1895 – 19 October 1924) was a British <a href="/wiki/Racing_driver" class="mw-redirect" title="Racing driver">racing driver</a> and automobile engineer, best known for creating a series of aero-engined racing cars known as the "Chitty-Bang-Bangs", which provided the inspiration for <a href="/wiki/Ian_Fleming" title="Ian Fleming">Ian Fleming</a>'s children's story, <a href="/wiki/Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang" title="Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang"><i>Chitty Chitty Bang Bang</i></a> and culminated in the "Higham Special" which, much modified in the hands of <a href="/wiki/J._G._Parry-Thomas" title="J. G. Parry-Thomas">John Godfrey Parry Thomas</a>, broke the <a href="/wiki/Land_speed_record" title="Land speed record">World Land Speed Record</a> 18 months after the death of its creator.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zborowski was born in 1895 in London to American parents, who had moved to England nine years earlier. His father, <a href="/wiki/Elliott_Zborowski" title="Elliott Zborowski">Elliott Zborowski</a>, was also a racing driver, and died in a racing crash, in 1903 at <a href="/wiki/La_Turbie" title="La Turbie">La Turbie</a> Hillclimb in <a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a>, France. His mother was a wealthy American <a href="/wiki/Beneficiary" title="Beneficiary">heiress</a>, born Margaret Laura Astor Carey, a granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/William_Backhouse_Astor_Sr." title="William Backhouse Astor Sr.">William Backhouse Astor Sr.</a> and Margaret Rebecca Armstrong of the prominent <a href="/wiki/Astor_family" title="Astor family">Astor family</a>. She had been Madame de Stuers before her divorce and marriage in 1892 to Elliott Zborowski. On arriving in England, Elliott had styled himself with the title "Count" and was known generally as "Count Zborowski", although there is no firm evidence that he had any legitimate claim to any such title. Following Elliott's death, Louis assumed his father's fictitious title.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_Vorow_Zborrowski_by_Julian_Russell_Story_(1857-1919).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Louis_Vorow_Zborrowski_by_Julian_Russell_Story_%281857-1919%29.jpg/170px-Louis_Vorow_Zborrowski_by_Julian_Russell_Story_%281857-1919%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Louis_Vorow_Zborrowski_by_Julian_Russell_Story_%281857-1919%29.jpg/255px-Louis_Vorow_Zborrowski_by_Julian_Russell_Story_%281857-1919%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Louis_Vorow_Zborrowski_by_Julian_Russell_Story_%281857-1919%29.jpg/340px-Louis_Vorow_Zborrowski_by_Julian_Russell_Story_%281857-1919%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2615" data-file-height="4375" /></a><figcaption>Louis Zborowski as child (<a href="/wiki/Julian_Russell_Story" title="Julian Russell Story">Julian Russell Story</a>, 1898)</figcaption></figure> <p>After the death of Zborowski's father in 1903, in 1910 his mother bought the <a href="/wiki/Higham_Park" title="Higham Park">Higham Park</a> estate at <a href="/wiki/Bridge,_Kent" title="Bridge, Kent">Bridge</a> near <a href="/wiki/Canterbury" title="Canterbury">Canterbury</a> in Kent. Paying £17,500 to the executors of the estate of London banker William Gay, the sale included a farm, 225 acres (91 ha) and twelve houses.<sup id="cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telg3334542-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mrs. Zborowski immediately commissioned a £50,000 refurbishment of the house from the architect Joseph Sawyer.<sup id="cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telg3334542-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon her death in 1911, 16-year-old Zborowski became the fourth richest under-21-year-old in the world, with cash of £11 million and real estate in the United States, including 7 acres (2.8 ha) of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> and several blocks on <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a>, New York.<sup id="cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telg3334542-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_driving_career">Early driving career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early driving career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:22-10-21,_course_(automobile_sur_le_circuit)_de_Brooklands,_le_comte_Zborowski_sur_Aston_Martin_-_photographie_de_presse_-_Agence_Rol_-_btv1b53073433h.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/22-10-21%2C_course_%28automobile_sur_le_circuit%29_de_Brooklands%2C_le_comte_Zborowski_sur_Aston_Martin_-_photographie_de_presse_-_Agence_Rol_-_btv1b53073433h.jpg/220px-22-10-21%2C_course_%28automobile_sur_le_circuit%29_de_Brooklands%2C_le_comte_Zborowski_sur_Aston_Martin_-_photographie_de_presse_-_Agence_Rol_-_btv1b53073433h.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/22-10-21%2C_course_%28automobile_sur_le_circuit%29_de_Brooklands%2C_le_comte_Zborowski_sur_Aston_Martin_-_photographie_de_presse_-_Agence_Rol_-_btv1b53073433h.jpg/330px-22-10-21%2C_course_%28automobile_sur_le_circuit%29_de_Brooklands%2C_le_comte_Zborowski_sur_Aston_Martin_-_photographie_de_presse_-_Agence_Rol_-_btv1b53073433h.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/22-10-21%2C_course_%28automobile_sur_le_circuit%29_de_Brooklands%2C_le_comte_Zborowski_sur_Aston_Martin_-_photographie_de_presse_-_Agence_Rol_-_btv1b53073433h.jpg/440px-22-10-21%2C_course_%28automobile_sur_le_circuit%29_de_Brooklands%2C_le_comte_Zborowski_sur_Aston_Martin_-_photographie_de_presse_-_Agence_Rol_-_btv1b53073433h.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8460" data-file-height="6076" /></a><figcaption>Zborowski and <a href="/wiki/Clive_Gallop" title="Clive Gallop">Clive Gallop</a> in a 1,5-litre <a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin" title="Aston Martin">Aston Martin</a> at the first <a href="/wiki/JCC_200_Mile_race" title="JCC 200 Mile race">JCC 200 Mile race</a> at <a href="/wiki/Brooklands" title="Brooklands">Brooklands</a> on 22 October 1921, they ended in 10th place.</figcaption></figure> <p>Zborowski's career as an amateur racing driver encompassed a wide experience of marques and events. He was an early patron of <a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin" title="Aston Martin">Aston Martin</a>, and raced for them at <a href="/wiki/Brooklands" title="Brooklands">Brooklands</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/1922_French_Grand_Prix" title="1922 French Grand Prix">1922 French Grand Prix</a>. In 1921 Zborowski was to drive one of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_Sunbeams_1921,_1922_TT" title="Grand Prix Sunbeams 1921, 1922 TT">1921 Grand Prix Sunbeams</a> representing Britain at <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="24 Hours of Le Mans">Le Mans</a> but this did not transpire and instead he raced the car at the International <a href="/wiki/Shelsley_Walsh_Speed_Hill_Climb" title="Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb">Shelsley Walsh</a> - England’s foremost Speed Hill-Climb.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Car_designs">Car designs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Car designs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Count_Zborowski_With_Chitty_Bang_Bang_1_At_Brooklands.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Count_Zborowski_With_Chitty_Bang_Bang_1_At_Brooklands.jpg/260px-Count_Zborowski_With_Chitty_Bang_Bang_1_At_Brooklands.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Count_Zborowski_With_Chitty_Bang_Bang_1_At_Brooklands.jpg/390px-Count_Zborowski_With_Chitty_Bang_Bang_1_At_Brooklands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Count_Zborowski_With_Chitty_Bang_Bang_1_At_Brooklands.jpg/520px-Count_Zborowski_With_Chitty_Bang_Bang_1_At_Brooklands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="290" /></a><figcaption>Louis Zborowski in the driving seat of <i><a href="/wiki/Chitty_Bang_Bang" title="Chitty Bang Bang">Chitty Bang Bang 1</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Brooklands" title="Brooklands">Brooklands</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Zborowski designed and built four of his own racing cars in the stables at Higham Park and workshops in Canterbury, assisted by his engineer and co-driver Captain <a href="/wiki/Clive_Gallop" title="Clive Gallop">Clive Gallop</a>, who was later racing engineer to the "<a href="/wiki/Bentley_Boys" title="Bentley Boys">Bentley Boys</a>". </p><p>While Gallop provided technical expertise for the chassis and mechanical elements, Zborowski turned to <a href="/wiki/Bligh_Bros" title="Bligh Bros">Bligh Brothers of Canterbury</a> (a century-old local <a href="/wiki/Coachbuilder" title="Coachbuilder">coachbuilding</a> firm) to provide the bespoke coach work for these projects. He eventually acquired this business outright in order to retain a personal staff of coachbuilders. </p><p>The first car was powered by a 23,093 cc six-cylinder Maybach aero engine and called "<a href="/wiki/Chitty_Bang_Bang" title="Chitty Bang Bang">Chitty Bang Bang</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second "<a href="/wiki/Chitty_Bang_Bang" title="Chitty Bang Bang">Chitty Bang Bang</a>" was powered by 18,825 cc <a href="/wiki/Benz_Bz.IV" title="Benz Bz.IV">Benz aero engine</a>. A third car was based on a Mercedes 28/95, but fitted with a 14,778 cc 6-cylinder Mercedes aero engine and was referred to as the White Mercedes. These cars achieved some success at Brooklands. </p><p>Another car, also built at Higham Park with a huge 27-litre American <a href="/wiki/Liberty_L-12" title="Liberty L-12">Liberty</a> aero engine, was called the "Higham Special". After Zborowski's death the "Higham Special" was purchased by <a href="/wiki/J.G._Parry-Thomas" class="mw-redirect" title="J.G. Parry-Thomas">J.G. Parry-Thomas</a> to make bids on the <a href="/wiki/Land_speed_record" title="Land speed record">land speed record</a>. Designer/driver Thomas improved the car and christened her "<a href="/wiki/Babs_(Land_speed_record_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Babs (Land speed record car)">Babs</a>". In April 1926 J.G. Parry-Thomas successfully took the Land Speed Record at over 170 mph at <a href="/wiki/Pendine_Sands" title="Pendine Sands">Pendine Sands</a>. Thomas' second attempt at the same location in 1927 turned out fatal. At over 100 mph the car overturned and caught fire, killing the driver. "<a href="/wiki/Babs_(Land_speed_record_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Babs (Land speed record car)">Babs</a>" has been restored and can be seen either at the Pendine Sands museum of speed in the summer months or in the <a href="/wiki/Brooklands_Museum" title="Brooklands Museum">Brooklands Museum</a> during other months of the year. </p><p>In January 1922 Zborowski, his wife Vi, Clive Gallop and Pixi Marix together with a couple of mechanics took Chitty Bang Bang 2 and the White Mercedes across the Mediterranean for a drive into the Sahara Desert, in the tracks of <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a>'s <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9gresse_track" title="Kégresse track">Kégresse-track</a>-equipped expedition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career_and_death">Later career and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later career and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zborowski_graves.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zborowski_graves.jpg/220px-Zborowski_graves.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zborowski_graves.jpg/330px-Zborowski_graves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zborowski_graves.jpg/440px-Zborowski_graves.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a><figcaption>The grave of Louis Zborowski in the churchyard of St James, <a href="/wiki/Burton_Lazars" title="Burton Lazars">Burton Lazars</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1923 <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a> Zborowski drove a <a href="/wiki/Bugatti" title="Bugatti">Bugatti</a>. He drove in the 1923 <a href="/wiki/Italian_Grand_Prix" title="Italian Grand Prix">Italian Grand Prix</a> at <a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">Monza</a> in a car designed by American engineer <a href="/wiki/Harry_Arminius_Miller" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Arminius Miller">Harry Miller</a>, the single-seat "American Miller 122". </p><p>Zborowski joined the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_motorsport" title="Mercedes-Benz in motorsport">Mercedes</a> team in 1924. He died in one of their cars while competing at the <a href="/wiki/1924_Italian_Grand_Prix" title="1924 Italian Grand Prix">1924 Italian Grand Prix</a> at Monza, after his car skidded on a curve and turned over twice.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zborowski was a railway enthusiast and a <span class="nowrap">15 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">381 mm</span>) gauge railway circuit, the Higham Railway, was built around his estate in Kent. This line was part of the inspiration behind the joint decision by Zborowski and his racing friend Captain J. E. P. Howey to construct a long-distance passenger-carrying railway line in the same gauge. Many locations were investigated, but this eventually led to the founding of the 14-mile (23 km) long <a href="/wiki/Romney,_Hythe_and_Dymchurch_Railway" title="Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway">Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway</a> in Kent, which remains a popular tourist attraction and means of local transport. Zborowski ordered a steam locomotive from <a href="/wiki/Bassett-Lowke" title="Bassett-Lowke">Bassett-Lowke</a>, which ran on the Higham Railway in 1924. The locomotive was purchased by the <a href="/wiki/Fairbourne_Railway" title="Fairbourne Railway">Fairbourne Railway</a> in Wales following the Zborowski's death and named "Count Louis" in his honour. (Zborowski's father had claimed the title of count.) The locomotive remained at the Fairbourne until 1988. Zborowski also ordered the first locomotives for the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway from <a href="/wiki/Davey_Paxman_%26_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Davey Paxman & Co.">Davey Paxman & Co.</a> of <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a>. The order (and the project) was continued by Capt Howey alone, following Zborowski's death. </p><p>The children's book by <a href="/wiki/Ian_Fleming" title="Ian Fleming">Ian Fleming</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Chitty_Chitty_Bang_Bang_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (novel)">Chitty Chitty Bang Bang</a></i>, and the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Chitty_Chitty_Bang_Bang_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (film)">musical film</a>, were inspired by the romance of Zborowski's exploits. Fleming had watched Zborowski race at <a href="/wiki/Brooklands" title="Brooklands">Brooklands</a> as a school boy, and later visited Higham Park (then known as Highland Court) as a friend of its later owner, Walter Whigham the chairman of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fleming_%26_Co." title="Robert Fleming & Co.">Robert Fleming & Co.</a> <a href="/wiki/Merchant_bank" title="Merchant bank">merchant bank</a> founded by Ian's grandfather.<sup id="cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telg3334542-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the third book, Zborowski is a major character, where his relationship to Chitty is explored and his future deadly crash is alluded to. </p><p>To mark the centenary of his death, Aston Martin in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin_Heritage_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Aston Martin Heritage Trust">Aston Martin Heritage Trust</a>, arranged for apprentices at the firm to repaint the railings on Zborowski's family grave in <a href="/wiki/British_Racing_Green" class="mw-redirect" title="British Racing Green">British Racing Green</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the anniversary of the date itself (19 October 2024) the first two Aston Martin Grand Prix cars were presented in the graveyard (Zborowski had funded and raced both) and a service of remembrance was held. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motorsports_career_results">Motorsports career results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Motorsports career results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indianapolis_500_results">Indianapolis 500 results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Indianapolis 500 results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Car </th> <th>Start </th> <th>Qual </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Finish </th> <th>Laps </th> <th>Led </th> <th>Retired </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1923_Indianapolis_500" title="1923 Indianapolis 500">1923</a> </th> <td>27 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>91.800 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>41 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>Rod </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6"><b>Totals</b> </td> <td>41 </td> <td>0 </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break" style="padding-left: 1em;"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Starts </th> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Poles </th> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Front row </th> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Wins </th> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Top 5 </th> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Top 10 </th> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Retired </th> <td>1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louis_Zborowski" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louis Zborowski">Louis Zborowski</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilson2002" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, David (2002). <i>The Racing Zborowskis</i>. The Vintage Sports-Car Club Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0954287606" title="Special:BookSources/0954287606"><bdi>0954287606</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Racing+Zborowskis&rft.pub=The+Vintage+Sports-Car+Club+Ltd&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0954287606&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Zborowski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Telg3334542-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Telg3334542_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140422170048/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3334542/57-rooms-down-30-more-to-go....html">"57 rooms down, 30 more to go..."</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. 28 August 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3334542/57-rooms-down-30-more-to-go....html">the original</a> on 22 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=57+rooms+down%2C+30+more+to+go.....&rft.pub=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.date=2004-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fproperty%2F3334542%2F57-rooms-down-30-more-to-go....html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Zborowski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">May, C.A.N. (1945). Shelsley Walsh, England’s International Speed Hill-Climb. P25, 28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Paine2008" class="citation web cs1">David Paine (August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050206053101/http://david-paine.com/">"The Zborowski Inheritance"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.david-paine.com/">the original</a> on 6 February 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Zborowski+Inheritance&rft.date=2008-08&rft.au=David+Paine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.david-paine.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Zborowski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Racing Count Killed. Double Somersault In Motor Grand Prix". <i>Birmingham (England) Gazette</i>. 20 October 1924. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birmingham+%28England%29+Gazette&rft.atitle=Racing+Count+Killed.+Double+Somersault+In+Motor+Grand+Prix&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1924-10-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Zborowski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Driver Killed in Grand Prix". <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. 20 October 1924. p. I-9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Driver+Killed+in+Grand+Prix&rft.pages=I-9&rft.date=1924-10-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Zborowski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.meltontimes.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/heritage/village-to-pay-tribute-to-legendary-racing-driver-4810674">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Aston Martin Heritage Trust approached us and it is lovely that the cars from that era will be on show'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 4 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27The+Aston+Martin+Heritage+Trust+approached+us+and+it+is+lovely+that+the+cars+from+that+era+will+be+on+show%27&rft.date=2024-10-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.meltontimes.co.uk%2Fheritage-and-retro%2Fheritage%2Fvillage-to-pay-tribute-to-legendary-racing-driver-4810674&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Zborowski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Zborowski&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060819064839/http://www.higham-park.co.uk/">Higham Park</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indy500.com/stats/drivers.php?drivername=Count%20Louis%20Zborowski">Indy 500 stats for Zborowski</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120227004454/http://www.indy500.com/stats/drivers.php?drivername=Count%20Louis%20Zborowski">Archived</a> 27 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070315132620/http://www.historicracing.com/top100.cfm?driverID=2708">Profile at "Historic Racing"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rhdr.org.uk/">Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141107130304/http://www.brooklands.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=96:zborowski-and-the-chitty-bang-bangs&catid=52:cars&Itemid=50">Louis Zborowski at Brooklands</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060826150253/http://www.brooklands.org.uk/news/zborowski.htm">Photo of Louis Zborowski and Clive Gallop</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000450991957">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316738013">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb166828936">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb166828936">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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