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Enrique Velázquez Elisondo</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Pedro Enrique Velázquez Elisondo"> <meta name="keywords" content="Pedro Enrique Velázquez Elisondo"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Pedro Enrique Velázquez Elisondo"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 247</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Pedro Enrique Velázquez Elisondo</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Informational Habits and Ideology as Predictors for Political Efficacy: A Survey Study of the Brazilian Political Context</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Cardoso%20Alves">Pedro Cardoso Alves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Lucia%20Galinkin"> Ana Lucia Galinkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Carlos%20Ribeiro"> José Carlos Ribeiro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Political participation, can be a somewhat tricky subject to define, not in small part due to the constant changes in the concept fruit of the effort to include new forms of participatory behavior that go beyond traditional institutional channels. With the advent of the internet and mobile technologies, defining political participation has become an even more complicated endeavor, given de amplitude of politicized behaviors that are expressed throughout these mediums, be it in the very organization of social movements, in the propagation of politicized texts, videos and images, or in the micropolitical behaviors that are expressed in daily interaction. In fact, the very frontiers that delimit physical and digital spaces have become ever more diluted due to technological advancements, leading to a hybrid existence that is simultaneously physical and digital, not limited, as it once was, to the temporal limitations of classic communications. Moving away from those institutionalized actions of traditional political behavior, an idea of constant and fluid participation, which occurs in our daily lives through conversations, posts, tweets and other digital forms of expression, is discussed. This discussion focuses on the factors that precede more direct forms of political participation, interpreting the relation between informational habits, ideology, and political efficacy. Though some of the informational habits can be considered political participation, by some authors, a distinction is made to establish a logical flow of behaviors leading to participation, that is, one must gather and process information before acting on it. To reach this objective, a quantitative survey is currently being applied in Brazilian social media, evaluating feelings of political efficacy, social and economic issue-based ideological stances and informational habits pertaining to collection, fact-checking, and diversity of sources and ideological positions present in the participant’s political information network. The measure being used for informational habits relies strongly on a mix of information literacy and political sophistication concepts, bringing a more up-to-date understanding of information and knowledge production and processing in contemporary hybrid (physical-digital) environments. Though data is still being collected, preliminary analysis point towards a strong correlation between information habits and political efficacy, while ideology shows a weaker influence over efficacy. Moreover, social ideology and economic ideology seem to have a strong correlation in the sample, such intermingling between social and economic ideals is generally considered a red flag for political polarization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20efficacy" title="political efficacy">political efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideology" title=" ideology"> ideology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20literacy" title=" information literacy"> information literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyberpolitics" title=" cyberpolitics"> cyberpolitics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77079/informational-habits-and-ideology-as-predictors-for-political-efficacy-a-survey-study-of-the-brazilian-political-context" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Effectiveness of N-Acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Adults with Trichotillomania: An Evidenced Based Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teresa%20Sarmento%20de%20Beires">Teresa Sarmento de Beires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20Padilha"> Sofia Padilha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Arantes"> Pedro Arantes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joana%20Ribeiro"> Joana Ribeiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreia%20Eiras"> Andreia Eiras</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Trichotillomania is a psychiatric condition that is very challenging to treat, with no first-line medications approved by any medical agency. It is defined as a recurrent compulsive habit of pulling out one's own hair, usually from the scalp and eyebrows area, but it can also affect eyelashes or any other hair-bearing area. N-acetylcysteine, a glutamate modulator, has been studied as a possible treatment for several psychiatric and neurological disorders, considering its role in attenuating pathophysiological processes responsible for compulsive behaviors and, therefore, trichotillomania. Objective: This study aims to determine the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of adults with trichotillomania. Methodology: The authors researched guidelines, standards of clinical guidance, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized clinical trials, published in the last 20 years using the MeSH terms: "Trichotillomania” and “N-acetylcysteine” in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane library, National Guideline Clearing House, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Canadian Medical Association Practice Guidelines and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE). The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) Scale, from the American Family Physician, was used to evaluate the level of evidence and assign the strength of recommendation. Results: The research found fifteen articles, among which only three were eligible according to the inclusion criteria: 1. systematic review and 2. meta-analyses. There was evidence of a probable beneficial effect of N-acetylcysteine on treatment response and reduction of trichotillomania symptom severity in adults, with moderate certainty in the effect estimate. There was no evidence of effectiveness with the use of inositol, antioxidants, naltrexone, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of adults with trichotillomania. Clomipramine and Olanzapine showed potential treatment benefits, with low certainty. N-acetylcysteine had the least severe side effect profile in adults compared with the other potentially beneficial pharmacological treatments. Conclusion: Evidence points towards the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of adults with trichotillomania, which exhibits a good tolerability profile with minimal adverse effects. Therefore, the authors attribute a level of evidence 2, the strength of recommendation B, to the prescription of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of adults suffering from trichotillomania (SORT analysis). Further investigation is needed in order to extract high-quality conclusions from the meta-analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trichotillomania" title="trichotillomania">trichotillomania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hair%20pulling" title=" hair pulling"> hair pulling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-acetylcysteine" title=" n-acetylcysteine"> n-acetylcysteine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156790/effectiveness-of-n-acetylcysteine-in-the-treatment-of-adults-with-trichotillomania-an-evidenced-based-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Medial Temporal Tau Predicts Memory Decline in Cognitively Unimpaired Elderly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20T.%20H.%20Kwan">Angela T. H. Kwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saman%20Arfaie"> Saman Arfaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Therriault"> Joseph Therriault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Azizi"> Zahra Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firoza%20Z.%20Lussier"> Firoza Z. Lussier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecile%20Tissot"> Cecile Tissot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mira%20Chamoun"> Mira Chamoun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gleb%20Bezgin"> Gleb Bezgin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stijn%20Servaes"> Stijn Servaes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenna%20Stevenon"> Jenna Stevenon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesrine%20Rahmouni"> Nesrine Rahmouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanessa%20Pallen"> Vanessa Pallen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serge%20Gauthier"> Serge Gauthier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Rosa-Neto"> Pedro Rosa-Neto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be detected in living people using in vivo biomarkers of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau, even in the absence of cognitive impairment during the preclinical phase. [¹⁸F]-MK-6420 is a high affinity positron emission tomography (PET) tracer that quantifies tau neurofibrillary tangles, but its ability to predict cognitive changes associated with early AD symptoms, such as memory decline, is unclear. Here, we assess the prognostic accuracy of baseline [18F]-MK-6420 tau PET for predicting longitudinal memory decline in asymptomatic elderly individuals. In a longitudinal observational study, we evaluated a cohort of cognitively normal elderly participants (n = 111) from the Translational Biomarkers in Aging and Dementia (TRIAD) study (data collected between October 2017 and July 2020, with a follow-up period of 12 months). All participants underwent tau PET with [¹⁸F]-MK-6420 and Aβ PET with [¹⁸F]-AZD-4694. The exclusion criteria included the presence of head trauma, stroke, or other neurological disorders. There were 111 eligible participants who were chosen based on the availability of Aβ PET, tau PET, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and APOEε4 genotyping. Among these participants, the mean (SD) age was 70.1 (8.6) years; 20 (18%) were tau PET positive, and 71 of 111 (63.9%) were women. A significant association between baseline Braak I-II [¹⁸F]-MK-6240 SUVR positivity and change in composite memory score was observed at the 12-month follow-up, after correcting for age, sex, and years of education (Logical Memory and RAVLT, standardized beta = -0.52 (-0.82-0.21), p < 0.001, for dichotomized tau PET and -1.22 (-1.84-(-0.61)), p < 0.0001, for continuous tau PET). Moderate cognitive decline was observed for A+T+ over the follow-up period, whereas no significant change was observed for A-T+, A+T-, and A-T-, though it should be noted that the A-T+ group was small.Our results indicate that baseline tau neurofibrillary tangle pathology is associated with longitudinal changes in memory function, supporting the use of [¹⁸F]-MK-6420 PET to predict the likelihood of asymptomatic elderly individuals experiencing future memory decline. Overall, [¹⁸F]-MK-6420 PET is a promising tool for predicting memory decline in older adults without cognitive impairment at baseline. This is of critical relevance as the field is shifting towards a biological model of AD defined by the aggregation of pathologic tau. Therefore, early detection of tau pathology using [¹⁸F]-MK-6420 PET provides us with the hope that living patients with AD may be diagnosed during the preclinical phase before it is too late. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease" title="alzheimer’s disease">alzheimer’s disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=braak%20I-II" title=" braak I-II"> braak I-II</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vivo%20biomarkers" title=" in vivo biomarkers"> in vivo biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET" title=" PET"> PET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tau" title=" tau"> tau</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157419/medial-temporal-tau-predicts-memory-decline-in-cognitively-unimpaired-elderly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Proposition of an Integrative Model for Assessing the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20L.%20de%20Ara%C3%BAjo">Mariana L. de Araújo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20P.%20M.%20Menezes"> Pedro P. M. Menezes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research on strategic human resource management (SHRM) has made progress in the last few decades, showing a relationship between policies and practices of human resource management (HRM) and improving organizational results. That's because demonstrating the effectiveness of any HRM or other organizational practice, which means the extent that this can operate as a tool to achieve organizational performance, is a complex and arduous task to execute. Even today, there isn't consensus about "effectiveness," and the tools to measure the effectiveness are disconnected and not convincing. It is not different from the performance management system (PMS) effectiveness. A disproportionate focus on specific criteria adopted and an accumulation of studies that don't relate to the others, which damages the development of the field. Therefore, it aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the PMS through models, dimensions, criteria, and measures. The objective of this study is to propose a theoretical-integrative model for evaluating PMS based on the literature in the PMS field. So, the PRISMA protocol was applied to carry out a systematic review, resulting in 57 studies. After performing the content analysis, we identified six dimensions: learning, societal impact, reaction, financial results, operational results and transfer, and 22 categories. In this way, a theoretical-integrative model for assessing the effectiveness of PMS was proposed based on the findings of this study, in which it was possible to confirm that the effectiveness construct is somewhat complex when viewing that most of the reviewed studies considered multiple dimensions in their assessment. In addition, we identified that the most immediate and proximal results of PMS are the most adopted by the studies; conversely, the studies adopted less distal outcomes to assess the effectiveness of PMS. Another finding of this research is that the reviewed studies predominantly analyze from the individual or psychological perspective, even when it comes to criteria whose phenomena are at an organizational level. Therefore, this study converges with a trend recently identified when referring to a process of "psychologization" in which GP studies, in general, have demonstrated macro results of the GP system from an individual perspective. Therefore, given the identification of a methodological pattern, the predominant influence of individual and psychological aspects in studies on HRM in administration is highlighted, demonstrated by the reflection on the practically absolute way of measuring the effectiveness of PMS from perceptual and subjective measures. Therefore, based on the recognition of the patterns identified, the model proposed to promote studies on the subject more broadly and profoundly to broaden and deepen the perspective of the field of management's interests so that the evaluation of the effectiveness of PMS can promote inputs on the impact of the PMS system in organizational performance. Finally, the findings encourage reflections on assessing the effectiveness of PMS through the theoretical-integrative model developed so that the field can promote new theoretical and practical perspectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20management" title="performance management">performance management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20human%20resource%20management" title=" strategic human resource management"> strategic human resource management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effectiveness" title=" effectiveness"> effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20performance" title=" organizational performance"> organizational performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153018/proposition-of-an-integrative-model-for-assessing-the-effectiveness-of-the-performance-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Molecular Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in the Pork Chain Supply and the Potential Anti-Staphylococcal Activity of Natural Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valeria%20Velasco">Valeria Velasco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20M.%20Bonilla"> Ana M. Bonilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20L.%20Vergara"> José L. Vergara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alcides%20Lofa"> Alcides Lofa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Campos"> Jorge Campos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Rojas-Garc%C3%ADa"> Pedro Rojas-García</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus is both commensal bacterium and opportunistic pathogen that can cause different diseases in humans and can rapidly develop antimicrobial resistance. Since this bacterium has the ability to colonize the nares and skin of humans and animals, there is a risk of contamination of food in different steps of the food chain supply. Emerging strains have been detected in food-producing animals and meat, such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and oxacillin susceptibility of S. aureus in the pork chain supply in Chile and to suggest some natural antimicrobials for control. A total of 487 samples were collected from pigs (n=332), carcasses (n=85), and retail pork meat (n=70). Presumptive S. aureus colonies were isolated by selective enrichment and culture media. The confirmation was carried out by biochemical testing (Api® Staph) and molecular technique PCR (detection of nuc and mecA genes, associated with S. aureus and methicillin resistance, respectively). The oxacillin (β-lactam antibiotic that replaced methicillin) susceptibility was assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the Epsilometer test (Etest). A preliminary assay was carried out to test thymol, carvacrol, oregano essential oil (Origanum vulgare L.), Maqui or Chilean wineberry extract (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) as anti-staphylococcal agents using the disc diffusion method at different concentrations. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in the pork chain supply reached 33.9%. A higher prevalence of S. aureus was determined in carcasses (56.5%) than in pigs (28.3%) and pork meat (32.9%) (P ≤ 0.05). The prevalence of S. aureus in pigs sampled at farms (40.6%) was higher than in pigs sampled at slaughterhouses (23.3%) (P ≤ 0.05). The contamination of no packaged meat with S. aureus (43.1%) was higher than in packaged meat (5.3%) (P ≤ 0.05). The mecA gene was not detected in S. aureus strains isolated in this study. Two S. aureus strains exhibited oxacillin resistance (MIC ≥ 4µg/mL). Anti-staphylococcal activity was detected in solutions of thymol, carvacrol, and oregano essential oil at all concentrations tested. No anti-staphylococcal activity was detected in Maqui extract. Finally, S. aureus is present in the pork chain supply in Chile. Although the mecA gene was not detected, oxacillin resistance was found in S. aureus and could be attributed to another resistance mechanism. Thymol, carvacrol, and oregano essential oil could be used as anti-staphylococcal agents at low concentrations. Research project Fondecyt No. 11140379. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobials" title="antimicrobials">antimicrobials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mecA%20gen" title=" mecA gen"> mecA gen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuc%20gen" title=" nuc gen"> nuc gen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxacillin%20susceptibility" title=" oxacillin susceptibility"> oxacillin susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pork%20meat" title=" pork meat"> pork meat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72478/molecular-detection-of-staphylococcus-aureus-in-the-pork-chain-supply-and-the-potential-anti-staphylococcal-activity-of-natural-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Corpus Linguistics as a Tool for Translation Studies Analysis: A Bilingual Parallel Corpus of Students’ Translations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan-Pedro%20Rica-Peromingo">Juan-Pedro Rica-Peromingo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, corpus linguistics has become a key research methodology for Translation Studies, which broadens the scope of cross-linguistic studies. In the case of the study presented here, the approach used focuses on learners with little or no experience to study, at an early stage, general mistakes and errors, the correct or incorrect use of translation strategies, and to improve the translational competence of the students. Led by Sylviane Granger and Marie-Aude Lefer of the Centre for English Corpus Linguistics of the University of Louvain, the MUST corpus (MUltilingual Student Translation Corpus) is an international project which brings together partners from Europe and worldwide universities and connects Learner Corpus Research (LCR) and Translation Studies (TS). It aims to build a corpus of translations carried out by students including both direct (L2 > L1) an indirect (L1 > L2) translations, from a great variety of text types, genres, and registers in a wide variety of languages: audiovisual translations (including dubbing, subtitling for hearing population and for deaf population), scientific, humanistic, literary, economic and legal translation texts. This paper focuses on the work carried out by the Spanish team from the Complutense University (UCMA), which is part of the MUST project, and it describes the specific features of the corpus built by its members. All the texts used by UCMA are either direct or indirect translations between English and Spanish. Students’ profiles comprise translation trainees, foreign language students with a major in English, engineers studying EFL and MA students, all of them with different English levels (from B1 to C1); for some of the students, this would be their first experience with translation. The MUST corpus is searchable via Hypal4MUST, a web-based interface developed by Adam Obrusnik from Masaryk University (Czech Republic), which includes a translation-oriented annotation system (TAS). A distinctive feature of the interface is that it allows source texts and target texts to be aligned, so we can be able to observe and compare in detail both language structures and study translation strategies used by students. The initial data obtained point out the kind of difficulties encountered by the students and reveal the most frequent strategies implemented by the learners according to their level of English, their translation experience and the text genres. We have also found common errors in the graduate and postgraduate university students’ translations: transfer errors, lexical errors, grammatical errors, text-specific translation errors, and cultural-related errors have been identified. Analyzing all these parameters will provide more material to bring better solutions to improve the quality of teaching and the translations produced by the students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corpus%20studies" title="corpus studies">corpus studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%E2%80%99%20corpus" title=" students’ corpus"> students’ corpus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20MUST%20corpus" title=" the MUST corpus"> the MUST corpus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20studies" title=" translation studies"> translation studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107474/corpus-linguistics-as-a-tool-for-translation-studies-analysis-a-bilingual-parallel-corpus-of-students-translations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Staphylococcus Aureus Septic Arthritis and Necrotizing Fasciitis in a Patient With Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Batista">Pedro Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Vinha"> André Vinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filipe%20Castelo"> Filipe Castelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%A1rbara%20Costa"> Bárbara Costa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20Sousa"> Ricardo Sousa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20Ricardo"> Raquel Ricardo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Pinto"> André Pinto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Septic arthritis is a diagnosis that must be considered in any patient presenting with acute joint swelling and fever. Among the several risk factors for septic arthritis, such as age, rheumatoid arthritis, recent surgery, or skin infection, diabetes mellitus can sometimes be the main risk factor. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen isolated in septic arthritis; however, it is uncommon in monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis. Objectives: A case report of concomitant septic arthritis and necrotizing fasciitis in a patient with undiagnosed diabetes based on clinical history. Study Design & Methods: We report a case of a 58-year-old Portuguese previously healthy man who presented to the emergency department with fever and left knee swelling and pain for two days. The blood work revealed ketonemia of 6.7 mmol/L and glycemia of 496 mg/dL. The vital signs were significant for a temperature of 38.5 ºC and 123 bpm of heart rate. The left knee had edema and inflammatory signs. Computed tomography of the left knee showed diffuse edema of the subcutaneous cellular tissue and soft tissue air bubbles. A diagnosis of septic arthritis and necrotising fasciitis was made. He was taken to the operating room for surgical debridement. The samples collected intraoperatively were sent for microbiological analysis, revealing infection by multi-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Given this result, the empiric flucloxacillin (500 mg IV) and clindamycin (1000 mg IV) were maintained for 3 weeks. On the seventh day of hospitalization, there was a significant improvement in subcutaneous and musculoskeletal tissues. After two weeks of hospitalization, there was no purulent content and partial closure of the wounds was possible. After 3 weeks, he was switched to oral antibiotics (flucloxacillin 500 mg). A week later, a urinary infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was diagnosed and ciprofloxacin 500 mg was administered for 7 days without complications. After 30 days of hospital admission, the patient was discharged home and recovered. Results: The final diagnosis of concomitant septic arthritis and necrotizing fasciitis was made based on the imaging findings, surgical exploration and microbiological tests results. Conclusions: Early antibiotic administration and surgical debridement are key in the management of septic arthritis and necrotizing fasciitis. Furthermore, risk factors control (euglycemic blood glucose levels) must always be taken into account given the crucial role in the patient's recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=septic%20arthritis" title="septic arthritis">septic arthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Necrotizing%20fasciitis" title=" Necrotizing fasciitis"> Necrotizing fasciitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20Aureus" title=" Staphylococcus Aureus"> Staphylococcus Aureus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158831/staphylococcus-aureus-septic-arthritis-and-necrotizing-fasciitis-in-a-patient-with-undiagnosed-diabetes-mellitus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> 3D Non-Linear Analyses by Using Finite Element Method about the Prediction of the Cracking in Post-Tensioned Dapped-End Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatziri%20Y.%20Moreno-Mart%C3%ADnez">Jatziri Y. Moreno-Martínez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arturo%20Galv%C3%A1n"> Arturo Galván</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israel%20Enrique%20Herrera%20D%C3%ADaz"> Israel Enrique Herrera Díaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Ram%C3%B3n%20Gasca%20Tirado"> José Ramón Gasca Tirado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, for the elevated viaducts in Mexico City, a construction system based on precast/pre-stressed concrete elements has been used, in which the bridge girders are divided in two parts by imposing a hinged support in sections where the bending moments that are originated by the gravity loads in a continuous beam are minimal. Precast concrete girders with dapped ends are a representative sample of a behavior that has complex configurations of stresses that make them more vulnerable to cracking due to flexure–shear interaction. The design procedures for ends of the dapped girders are well established and are based primarily on experimental tests performed for different configurations of reinforcement. The critical failure modes that can govern the design have been identified, and for each of them, the methods for computing the reinforcing steel that is needed to achieve adequate safety against failure have been proposed. Nevertheless, the design recommendations do not include procedures for controlling diagonal cracking at the entrant corner under service loading. These cracks could cause water penetration and degradation because of the corrosion of the steel reinforcement. The lack of visual access to the area makes it difficult to detect this damage and take timely corrective actions. Three-dimensional non-linear numerical models based on Finite Element Method to study the cracking at the entrant corner of dapped-end beams were performed using the software package ANSYS v. 11.0. The cracking was numerically simulated by using the smeared crack approach. The concrete structure was modeled using three-dimensional solid elements SOLID65 capable of cracking in tension and crushing in compression. Drucker-Prager yield surface was used to include the plastic deformations. The longitudinal post-tension was modeled using LINK8 elements with multilinear isotropic hardening behavior using von Misses plasticity. The reinforcement was introduced with smeared approach. The numerical models were calibrated using experimental tests carried out in “Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México”. In these numerical models the characteristics of the specimens were considered: typical solution based on vertical stirrups (hangers) and on vertical and horizontal hoops with a post-tensioned steel which contributed to a 74% of the ﬂexural resistance. The post-tension is given by four steel wires with a 5/8’’ (16 mm) diameter. Each wire was tensioned to 147 kN and induced an average compressive stress of 4.90 MPa on the concrete section of the dapped end. The loading protocol consisted on applying symmetrical loading to reach the service load (180 kN). Due to the good correlation between experimental and numerical models some additional numerical models were proposed by considering different percentages of post-tension in order to find out how much it influences in the appearance of the cracking in the reentrant corner of the dapped-end beams. It was concluded that the increasing of percentage of post-tension decreases the displacements and the cracking in the reentrant corner takes longer to appear. The authors acknowledge at “Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra” and the financial support of PRODEP-SEP (UGTO-PTC-460) of the Mexican government. The first author acknowledges at “Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México”. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20dapped-end%20beams" title="concrete dapped-end beams">concrete dapped-end beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracking%20control" title=" cracking control"> cracking control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postension" title=" postension"> postension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43373/3d-non-linear-analyses-by-using-finite-element-method-about-the-prediction-of-the-cracking-in-post-tensioned-dapped-end-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> A Systematic Review on the Whole-Body Cryotherapy versus Control Interventions for Recovery of Muscle Function and Perceptions of Muscle Soreness Following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Runners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Nolte">Michael Nolte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iwona%20Kasior"> Iwona Kasior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kala%20Flagg"> Kala Flagg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spiro%20Karavatas"> Spiro Karavatas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Cryotherapy has been used as a post-exercise recovery modality for decades. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) is an intervention which involves brief exposures to extremely cold air in order to induce therapeutic effects. It is currently being investigated for its effectiveness in treating certain exercise-induced impairments. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether WBC as a recovery intervention is more, less, or equally as effective as other interventions at reducing perceived levels of muscle soreness and promoting recovery of muscle function after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) from running. Methods: A systematic review of the current literature was performed utilizing the following MeSH terms: cryotherapy, whole-body cryotherapy, exercise-induced muscle damage, muscle soreness, muscle recovery, and running. The databases utilized were PubMed, CINAHL, EBSCO Host, and Google Scholar. Articles were included if they were published within the last ten years, had a CEBM level of evidence of IIb or higher, had a PEDro scale score of 5 or higher, studied runners as primary subjects, and utilized both perceived levels of muscle soreness and recovery of muscle function as dependent variables. Articles were excluded if subjects did not include runners, if the interventions included PBC instead of WBC, and if both muscle performance and perceived muscle soreness were not assessed within the study. Results: Two of the four articles revealed that WBC was significantly more effective than treatment interventions such as far-infrared radiation and passive recovery at reducing perceived levels of muscle soreness and restoring muscle power and endurance following simulated trail runs and high-intensity interval running, respectively. One of the four articles revealed no significant difference between WBC and passive recovery in terms of reducing perceived muscle soreness and restoring muscle power following sprint intervals. One of the four articles revealed that WBC had a harmful effect compared to CWI and passive recovery on both perceived muscle soreness and recovery of muscle strength and power following a marathon. Discussion/Conclusion: Though there was no consensus in terms of WBC’s effectiveness at treating exercise-induced muscle damage following running compared to other interventions, it seems as though WBC may at least have a time-dependent positive effect on muscle soreness and recovery following high-intensity interval runs and endurance running, marathons excluded. More research needs to be conducted in order to determine the most effective way to implement WBC as a recovery method for exercise-induced muscle damage, including the optimal temperature, timing, duration, and frequency of treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryotherapy" title="cryotherapy">cryotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20therapy%20intervention" title=" physical therapy intervention"> physical therapy intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20therapy" title=" physical therapy"> physical therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whole%20body%20cryotherapy" title=" whole body cryotherapy"> whole body cryotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138126/a-systematic-review-on-the-whole-body-cryotherapy-versus-control-interventions-for-recovery-of-muscle-function-and-perceptions-of-muscle-soreness-following-exercise-induced-muscle-damage-in-runners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Development and Obtaining of Solid Dispersions to Increase the Solubility of Efavirenz in Anti-HIV Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salvana%20P.%20M.%20Costa">Salvana P. M. Costa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarcyla%20A.%20Gomes"> Tarcyla A. Gomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giovanna%20C.%20R.%20M.%20Schver"> Giovanna C. R. M. Schver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leslie%20R.%20M.%20Ferraz"> Leslie R. M. Ferraz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristov%C3%A3o%20R.%20Silva"> Cristovão R. Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magaly%20A.%20M.%20Lyra"> Magaly A. M. Lyra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danilo%20A.%20F.%20Fonte"> Danilo A. F. Fonte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larissa%20A.%20Rolim"> Larissa A. Rolim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20C.%20Q.%20M.%20Vieira"> Amanda C. Q. M. Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miracy%20M.%20Albuquerque"> Miracy M. Albuquerque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20J.%20Rolim-neto"> Pedro J. Rolim-neto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Efavirenz (EFV) is considered one of the most widely used anti-HIV drugs. However, it is classified as a drug class II (poorly soluble, highly permeable) according to the biopharmaceutical classification system, presenting problems of absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby inadequate bioavailability for its therapeutic action. This study aimed to overcome these barriers by developing and obtaining solid dispersions (SD) in order to increase the EFZ bioavailability. For the development of SD with EFV, theoretical and practical studies were initially performed. Thus, there was a choice of a carrier to be used. For this, it was analyzed the various criteria such as glass transition temperature of the polymer, intra- and intermolecular interactions of hydrogen bonds between drug and polymer, the miscibility between the polymer and EFV. The choice of the obtainment method of the SD came from the analysis of which method is the most consolidated in both industry and literature. Subsequently, the choice of drug and carrier concentrations in the dispersions was carried out. In order to obtain DS to present the drug in its amorphous form, as the DS were obtained, they were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). SD are more stable the higher the amount of polymer present in the formulation. With this assumption, a SD containing 10% of drug was initially prepared and then this proportion was increased until the XRD showed the presence of EFV in its crystalline form. From this point, it was not produced SD with a higher concentration of drug. Thus, it was allowed to select PVP-K30, PVPVA 64 and the SOLUPLUS formulation as carriers, once it was possible the formation of hydrogen bond between EFV and polymers since these have hydrogen acceptor groups capable of interacting with the donor group of the drug hydrogen. It is worth mentioning also that the films obtained, independent of concentration used, were presented homogeneous and transparent. Thus, it can be said that the EFV is miscible in the three polymers used in the study. The SD and Physical Mixtures (PM) with these polymers were prepared by the solvent method. The EFV diffraction profile showed main peaks at around 2θ of 6,24°, in addition to other minor peaks at 14,34°, 17,08°, 20,3°, 21,36° and 25,06°, evidencing its crystalline character. Furthermore, the polymers showed amorphous nature, as evidenced by the absence of peaks in their XRD patterns. The XRD patterns showed the PM overlapping profile of the drug with the polymer, indicating the presence of EFV in its crystalline form. Regardless the proportion of drug used in SD, all the samples showed the same characteristics with no diffraction peaks EFV, demonstrating the behavior amorphous products. Thus, the polymers enabled, effectively, the formation of amorphous SD, probably due to the potential hydrogen bonds between them and the drug. Moreover, the XRD analysis showed that the polymers were able to maintain its amorphous form in a concentration of up to 80% drug. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amorphous%20form" title="amorphous form">amorphous form</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Efavirenz" title=" Efavirenz"> Efavirenz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersions" title=" solid dispersions"> solid dispersions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solubility" title=" solubility"> solubility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25688/development-and-obtaining-of-solid-dispersions-to-increase-the-solubility-of-efavirenz-in-anti-hiv-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Hybrid Manufacturing System to Produce 3D Structures for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20G.%20Morou%C3%A7o">Pedro G. Morouço</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One utmost challenge in Tissue Engineering is the production of 3D constructs capable of mimicking the functional hierarchy of native tissues. This is well stated for osteochondral tissue due to the complex mechanical functional unit based on the junction of articular cartilage and bone. Thus, the aim of the present study was to develop a new additive manufacturing system coupling micro-extrusion with hydrogels printing. An integrated system was developed with 2 main features: (i) the printing of up to three distinct hydrogels; (ii) in coordination with the printing of a thermoplastic structural support. The hydrogel printing module was projected with a ‘revolver-like’ system, where the hydrogel selection was made by a rotating mechanism. The hydrogel deposition was then controlled by pressured air input. The use of specific components approved for medical use was incorporated in the material dispensing system (Nordson EDF Optimum® fluid dispensing system). The thermoplastic extrusion modulus enabled the control of required extrusion temperature through electric resistances in the polymer reservoir and the extrusion system. After testing and upgrades, a hydrogel modulus with 3 syringes (3cm3 capacity each), with a pressure range of 0-2.5bar, a rotational speed of 0-5rpm, and working with needles from 200-800µm was obtained. This modulus was successfully coupled to the extrusion system that presented a temperature up to 300˚C, a pressure range of 0-12bar, and working with nozzles from 200-500µm. The applied motor could provide a velocity range 0-2000mm/min. Although, there are distinct printing requirements for hydrogels and polymers, the novel system could develop hybrid scaffolds, combining the 2 moduli. The morphological analysis showed high reliability (n=5) between the theoretical and obtained filament and pore size (350µm and 300µm vs. 342±4µm and 302±3µm, p>0.05, respectively) of the polymer; and multi-material 3D constructs were successfully obtained. Human tissues present very distinct and complex structures regarding their mechanical properties, organization, composition and dimensions. For osteochondral regenerative medicine, a multiphasic scaffold is required as subchondral bone and overlying cartilage must regenerate at the same time. Thus, a scaffold with 3 layers (bone, intermediate and cartilage parts) can be a promising approach. The developed system may give a suitable solution to construct those hybrid scaffolds with enhanced properties. The present novel system is a step-forward regarding osteochondral tissue engineering due to its ability to generate layered mechanically stable implants through the double-printing of hydrogels with thermoplastics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20bioprinting" title="3D bioprinting">3D bioprinting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20regeneration" title=" bone regeneration"> bone regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cartilage%20regeneration" title=" cartilage regeneration"> cartilage regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20medicine" title=" regenerative medicine"> regenerative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title=" tissue engineering"> tissue engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78240/hybrid-manufacturing-system-to-produce-3d-structures-for-osteochondral-tissue-regeneration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Experimental Study of Vibration Isolators Made of Expanded Cork Agglomerate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Dias">S. Dias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tadeu"> A. Tadeu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Antonio"> J. Antonio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Pedro"> F. Pedro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Serra"> C. Serra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of the present work is to experimentally evaluate the feasibility of using vibration isolators made of expanded cork agglomerate. Even though this material, also known as insulation cork board (ICB), has mainly been studied for thermal and acoustic insulation purposes, it has strong potential for use in vibration isolation. However, the adequate design of expanded cork blocks vibration isolators will depend on several factors, such as excitation frequency, static load conditions and intrinsic dynamic behavior of the material. In this study, transmissibility tests for different static and dynamic loading conditions were performed in order to characterize the material. Since the material’s physical properties can influence the vibro-isolation performance of the blocks (in terms of density and thickness), this study covered four mass density ranges and four block thicknesses. A total of 72 expanded cork agglomerate specimens were tested. The test apparatus comprises a vibration exciter connected to an excitation mass that holds the test specimen. The test specimens under characterization were loaded successively with steel plates in order to obtain results for different masses. An accelerometer was placed at the top of these masses and at the base of the excitation mass. The test was performed for a defined frequency range, and the amplitude registered by the accelerometers was recorded in time domain. For each of the signals (signal 1- vibration of the excitation mass, signal 2- vibration of the loading mass) a fast Fourier transform (FFT) was applied in order to obtain the frequency domain response. For each of the frequency domain signals, the maximum amplitude reached was registered. The ratio between the amplitude (acceleration) of signal 2 and the amplitude of signal 1, allows the calculation of the transmissibility for each frequency. Repeating this procedure allowed us to plot a transmissibility curve for a certain frequency range. A number of transmissibility experiments were performed to assess the influence of changing the mass density and thickness of the expanded cork blocks and the experimental conditions (static load and frequency of excitation). The experimental transmissibility tests performed in this study showed that expanded cork agglomerate blocks are a good option for mitigating vibrations. It was concluded that specimens with lower mass density and larger thickness lead to better performance, with higher vibration isolation and a larger range of isolated frequencies. In conclusion, the study of the performance of expanded cork agglomerate blocks presented herein will allow for a more efficient application of expanded cork vibration isolators. This is particularly relevant since this material is a more sustainable alternative to other commonly used non-environmentally friendly products, such as rubber. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expanded%20cork%20agglomerate" title="expanded cork agglomerate">expanded cork agglomerate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulation%20cork%20board" title=" insulation cork board"> insulation cork board</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmissibility%20tests" title=" transmissibility tests"> transmissibility tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20materials" title=" sustainable materials"> sustainable materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration%20isolators" title=" vibration isolators"> vibration isolators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91794/experimental-study-of-vibration-isolators-made-of-expanded-cork-agglomerate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> A Framework for Teaching the Intracranial Pressure Measurement through an Experimental Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Klippel">Christina Klippel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucia%20Pezzi"> Lucia Pezzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvio%20Neto"> Silvio Neto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20Bertani"> Rafael Bertani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priscila%20Mendes"> Priscila Mendes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Flavio%20Machado"> Flavio Machado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aline%20Szeliga"> Aline Szeliga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Cosendey"> Maria Cosendey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adilson%20Mariz"> Adilson Mariz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20Santos"> Raquel Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lys%20Bendett"> Lys Bendett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Velasco"> Pedro Velasco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thalita%20Rolleigh"> Thalita Rolleigh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruna%20Bellote"> Bruna Bellote</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daria%20Coelho"> Daria Coelho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruna%20Martins"> Bruna Martins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20Almeida"> Julia Almeida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliana%20Cerqueira"> Juliana Cerqueira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This project presents a framework for teaching intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP) concepts using a low-cost experimental model in a neurointensive care education program. Data concerning ICP monitoring contribute to the patient's clinical assessment and may dictate the course of action of a health team (nursing, medical staff) and influence decisions to determine the appropriate intervention. This study aims to present a safe method for teaching ICP monitoring to medical students in a Simulation Center. Methodology: Medical school teachers, along with students from the 4th year, built an experimental model for teaching ICP measurement. The model consists of a mannequin's head with a plastic bag inside simulating the cerebral ventricle and an inserted ventricular catheter connected to the ICP monitoring system. The bag simulating the ventricle can also be changed for others containing bloody or infected simulated cerebrospinal fluid. On the mannequin's ear, there is a blue point indicating the right place to set the "zero point" for accurate pressure reading. The educational program includes four steps: 1st - Students receive a script on ICP measurement for reading before training; 2nd - Students watch a video about the subject created in the Simulation Center demonstrating each step of the ICP monitoring and the proper care, such as: correct positioning of the patient, anatomical structures to establish the zero point for ICP measurement and a secure range of ICP; 3rd - Students train the procedure in the model. Teachers help students during training; 4th - Student assessment based on a checklist form. Feedback and correction of wrong actions. Results: Students expressed interest in learning ICP monitoring. Tests concerning the hit rate are still being performed. ICP's final results and video will be shown at the event. Conclusion: The study of intracranial pressure measurement based on an experimental model consists of an effective and controlled method of learning and research, more appropriate for teaching neurointensive care practices. Assessment based on a checklist form helps teachers keep track of student learning progress. This project offers medical students a safe method to develop intensive neurological monitoring skills for clinical assessment of patients with neurological disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurology" title="neurology">neurology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intracranial%20pressure" title=" intracranial pressure"> intracranial pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20education" title=" medical education"> medical education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115934/a-framework-for-teaching-the-intracranial-pressure-measurement-through-an-experimental-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Qualitative Characterization of Proteins in Common and Quality Protein Maize Corn by Mass Spectrometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benito%20Minjarez">Benito Minjarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jesse%20Haramati"> Jesse Haramati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yury%20Rodriguez-Yanez"> Yury Rodriguez-Yanez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florencio%20Recendiz-Hurtado"> Florencio Recendiz-Hurtado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan-Pedro%20Luna-Arias"> Juan-Pedro Luna-Arias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salvador%20Mena-Munguia"> Salvador Mena-Munguia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the last decades, the world has experienced a rapid industrialization and an expanding economy favoring a demographic boom. As a consequence, countries around the world have focused on developing new strategies related to the production of different farm products in order to meet future demands. Consequently, different strategies have been developed seeking to improve the major food products for both humans and livestock. Corn, after wheat and rice, is the third most important crop globally and is the primary food source for both humans and livestock in many regions around the globe. In addition, maize (Zea mays) is an important source of protein accounting for up to 60% of the daily human protein supply. Generally, many of the cereal grains have proteins with relatively low nutritional value, when they are compared with proteins from meat. In the case of corn, much of the protein is found in the endosperm (75 to 85%) and is deficient in two essential amino acids, lysine, and tryptophan. This deficiency results in an imbalance of amino acids and low protein content; normal maize varieties have less than half of the recommended amino acids for human nutrition. In addition, studies have shown that this deficiency has been associated with symptoms of growth impairment, anemia, hypoproteinemia, and fatty liver. Due to the fact that most of the presently available maize varieties do not contain the quality and quantity of proteins necessary for a balanced diet, different countries have focused on the research of quality protein maize (QPM). Researchers have characterized QPM noting that these varieties may contain between 70 to 100% more residues of the amino acids essential for animal and human nutrition, lysine, and tryptophan, than common corn. Several countries in Africa, Latin America, as well as China, have incorporated QPM in their agricultural development plan. Large parts of these countries have chosen a specific QPM variety based on their local needs and climate. Reviews have described the breeding methods of maize and have revealed the lack of studies on genetic and proteomic diversity of proteins in QPM varieties, and their genetic relationships with normal maize varieties. Therefore, molecular marker identification using tools such as mass spectrometry may accelerate the selection of plants that carry the desired proteins with high lysine and tryptophan concentration. To date, QPM maize lines have played a very important role in alleviating the malnutrition, and better characterization of these lines would provide a valuable nutritional enhancement for use in the resource-poor regions of the world. Thus, the objectives of this study were to identify proteins in QPM maize in comparison with a common maize line as a control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn" title="corn">corn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20spectrometry" title=" mass spectrometry"> mass spectrometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QPM" title=" QPM"> QPM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tryptophan" title=" tryptophan"> tryptophan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52567/qualitative-characterization-of-proteins-in-common-and-quality-protein-maize-corn-by-mass-spectrometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Quality by Design in the Optimization of a Fast HPLC Method for Quantification of Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20J.%20Rolim-Neto">Pedro J. Rolim-Neto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leslie%20R.%20M.%20Ferraz"> Leslie R. M. Ferraz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabiana%20L.%20A.%20Santos"> Fabiana L. A. Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20A.%20Ferreira"> Pablo A. Ferreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20T.%20L.%20Maia-Jr."> Ricardo T. L. Maia-Jr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magaly%20A.%20M.%20Lyra"> Magaly A. M. Lyra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danilo%20A%20F.%20Fonte"> Danilo A F. Fonte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salvana%20P.%20M.%20Costa"> Salvana P. M. Costa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20C.%20Q.%20M.%20Vieira"> Amanda C. Q. M. Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larissa%20A.%20Rolim"> Larissa A. Rolim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Initially developed as an antimalarial agent, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) sulfate is often used as a slow-acting antirheumatic drug in the treatment of disorders of connective tissue. The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) 37 provides a reversed-phase HPLC method for quantification of HCQ. However, this method was not reproducible, producing asymmetric peaks in a long analysis time. The asymmetry of the peak may cause an incorrect calculation of the concentration of the sample. Furthermore, the analysis time is unacceptable, especially regarding the routine of a pharmaceutical industry. The aiming of this study was to develop a fast, easy and efficient method for quantification of HCQ sulfate by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) based on the Quality by Design (QbD) methodology. This method was optimized in terms of peak symmetry using the surface area graphic as the Design of Experiments (DoE) and the tailing factor (TF) as an indicator to the Design Space (DS). The reference method used was that described at USP 37 to the quantification of the drug. For the optimized method, was proposed a 33 factorial design, based on the QbD concepts. The DS was created with the TF (in a range between 0.98 and 1.2) in order to demonstrate the ideal analytical conditions. Changes were made in the composition of the USP mobile-phase (USP-MP): USP-MP: Methanol (90:10 v/v, 80:20 v/v and 70:30 v/v), in the flow (0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 mL) and in the oven temperature (30, 35, and 40ºC). The USP method allowed the quantification of drug in a long time (40-50 minutes). In addition, the method uses a high flow rate (1,5 mL.min-1) which increases the consumption of expensive solvents HPLC grade. The main problem observed was the TF value (1,8) that would be accepted if the drug was not a racemic mixture, since the co-elution of the isomers can become an unreliable peak integration. Therefore, the optimization was suggested in order to reduce the analysis time, aiming a better peak resolution and TF. For the optimization method, by the analysis of the surface-response plot it was possible to confirm the ideal setting analytical condition: 45 °C, 0,8 mL.min-1 and 80:20 USP-MP: Methanol. The optimized HPLC method enabled the quantification of HCQ sulfate, with a peak of high resolution, showing a TF value of 1,17. This promotes good co-elution of isomers of the HCQ, ensuring an accurate quantification of the raw material as racemic mixture. This method also proved to be 18 times faster, approximately, compared to the reference method, using a lower flow rate, reducing even more the consumption of the solvents and, consequently, the analysis cost. Thus, an analytical method for the quantification of HCQ sulfate was optimized using QbD methodology. This method proved to be faster and more efficient than the USP method, regarding the retention time and, especially, the peak resolution. The higher resolution in the chromatogram peaks supports the implementation of the method for quantification of the drug as racemic mixture, not requiring the separation of isomers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20method" title="analytical method">analytical method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxychloroquine%20sulfate" title=" hydroxychloroquine sulfate"> hydroxychloroquine sulfate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20by%20design" title=" quality by design"> quality by design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20area%20graphic" title=" surface area graphic"> surface area graphic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25658/quality-by-design-in-the-optimization-of-a-fast-hplc-method-for-quantification-of-hydroxychloroquine-sulfate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">639</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> The Therapeutic Potential, Functions, and Use of Ibogaine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%A3o%20Pedro%20Zanella">João Pedro Zanella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20J.%20O.%20Fagundes"> Michel J. O. Fagundes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Drug use has been practised by humans universally for millennia, not excluding any population from these habits, however, the rampant drug use is a global concern due to the harm that affects the health of the world population. In this sense, it is observed the reduction of lasting and effective public policies for the resolution, increasing the demand for treatment services. With this comes ibogaine, an alkaloid derived from the root of an African bush (Tabernanthe Iboga), found mostly in Gabon and used widely by the native Bwiti population in rituals, and also other social groups, which demonstrates efficacy against chemical dependence, psychic and emotional disorders, opioid withdrawal was first confirmed by a study in rats done by Michailo Dzoljic and associates in 1988 and again in 1994. Methods: A brief description of the plant, its neurohumoral potential and the effects caused by ingested doses, in a simplified and objective way, will be discussed in the course of this abstract. Results: Ibogaine is not registered or passed by Anvisa, regarding safety and efficacy, and cannot be sold in Brazil. Its illegal trade reaches R$ 5 thousand for a session with the proceeds of the root, and its effect can last up to 72 hours, attributing Iboga's psychoactive effects to the alkaloid called ibogaine. The shrub where Ibogaine is located has pink and yellow flowers, and its fruit produced does not have psychoactive substances, but its root bark contains 6 to 7% indolic alkaloids. Besides extraction from the iboga plant, ibogaine hydrochloride can be semisynthesized from voacangine, another plant alkaloid that acts as a precursor. Its potential has the ability to perform multiple interactions with the neurotransmitter system, which are closely associated with addiction, including nicotinic, opioid and serotoninergic systems. Studies carried out by Edwards found that the doses administered of Iboga should be determined by a health professional when its purpose is to treat individuals for dependence on other drugs. Its use in small doses may cause an increase in sensibility, impaired vision and motor alterations; in moderate quantities, hallucinations, motor and neurological alterations and impaired vision; in high quantities it may cause hallucinations with personal events at a deeper level lasting up to 24 hours or more, followed by motor and visual alterations. Conclusion: The product extracted from the Iboga plant is of great importance in controlling addiction, reducing the need for the use of narcotics by patients, thus gaining a space of extreme importance in the treatment of users of psychoactive substances. It is remarkable the progress of the latest’s research about the usefulness of Ibogaine, and its benefits for certain treatments, even with the restriction of its sale in Brazil. Besides this, Ibogaine has an additional benefit of helping the patient to gain self-control over their destructive behaviours. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkaloids" title="alkaloids">alkaloids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependence" title=" dependence"> dependence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabon" title=" Gabon"> Gabon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ibogaine" title=" ibogaine"> ibogaine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166733/the-therapeutic-potential-functions-and-use-of-ibogaine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Temporal Profile of Exercise-Induced Changes in Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels of Schizophrenic Individuals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caroline%20Lavratti">Caroline Lavratti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Dal%20Lago"> Pedro Dal Lago</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gustavo%20Reinaldo"> Gustavo Reinaldo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gilson%20Dorneles"> Gilson Dorneles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreia%20Bard"> Andreia Bard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laira%20Fuhr"> Laira Fuhr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniela%20Pochmann"> Daniela Pochmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandra%20Peres"> Alessandra Peres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luciane%20Wagner"> Luciane Wagner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viviane%20Elsner"> Viviane Elsner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Approximately 1% of the world's population is affected by schizophrenia (SZ), a chronic and debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder. Among possible factors, reduced levels of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been recognized in physiopathogenesis and course of SZ. In this context, peripheral BDNF levels have been used as a biomarker in several clinical studies, since this neurotrophin is able to cross the blood-brain barrier in a bi-directional manner and seems to present a strong correlation with the central nervous system fluid levels. The patients with SZ usually adopts a sedentary lifestyle, which has been partly associated with the increase in obesity incidence rates, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. On the other hand, exercise, a non-invasive and low cost intervention, has been considered an important additional therapeutic option for this population, promoting benefits to physical and mental health. To our knowledge, few studies have been pointed out that the positive effects of exercise in SZ patients are mediated, at least in part, to enhanced levels of BDNF after training. However, these studies are focused on evaluating the effect of single bouts of exercise of chronic interventions, data concerning the short- and long-term exercise outcomes on BDNF are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of a concurrent exercise protocol (CEP) on plasma BDNF levels of SZ patients in different time-points. Material and Methods: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Centro Universitário Metodista do IPA (no 1.243.680/2015). The participants (n=15) were subbmited to the CEP during 90 days, 3 times a week for 60 minutes each session. In order to evaluate the short and long-term effects of exercise, blood samples were collected pre, 30, 60 and 90 days after the intervention began. Plasma BDNF levels were determined with the ELISA method, from Sigma-Aldrich commercial kit (catalog number RAB0026) according to manufacturer's instructions. Results: A remarkable increase on plasma BDNF levels at 90 days after training compared to baseline (p=0.006) and 30 days (p=0.007) values were observed. Conclusion: Our data are in agreement with several studies that show significant enhancement on BDNF levels in response to different exercise protocols in SZ individuals. We might suggest that BDNF upregulation after training in SZ patients acts in a dose-dependent manner, being more pronounced in response to chronic exposure. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)/Brazil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise" title="exercise">exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BDNF" title=" BDNF"> BDNF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schizophrenia" title=" schizophrenia"> schizophrenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-points" title=" time-points"> time-points</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61528/temporal-profile-of-exercise-induced-changes-in-plasma-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-levels-of-schizophrenic-individuals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Effects of Virtual Reality Treadmill Training on Gait and Balance Performance of Patients with Stroke: Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Algarni">Hanan Algarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Impairment of walking and balance skills has negative impact on functional independence and community participation after stroke. Gait recovery is considered a primary goal in rehabilitation by both patients and physiotherapists. Treadmill training coupled with virtual reality technology is a new emerging approach that offers patients with feedback, open and random skills practice while walking and interacting with virtual environmental scenes. Objectives: To synthesize the evidence around the effects of the VR treadmill training on gait speed and balance primarily, functional independence and community participation secondarily in stroke patients. Methods: Systematic review was conducted; search strategy included electronic data bases: MEDLINE, AMED, Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Web of Science, and unpublished literature. Inclusion criteria: Participant: adult >18 years, stroke, ambulatory, without severe visual or cognitive impartments. Intervention: VR treadmill training alone or with physiotherapy. Comparator: any other interventions. Outcomes: gait speed, balance, function, community participation. Characteristics of included studies were extracted for analysis. Risk of bias assessment was performed using Cochrane's ROB tool. Narrative synthesis of findings was undertaken and summary of findings in each outcome was reported using GRADEpro. Results: Four studies were included involving 84 stroke participants with chronic hemiparesis. Interventions intensity ranged (6-12 sessions, 20 minutes-1 hour/session). Three studies investigated the effects on gait speed and balance. 2 studies investigated functional outcomes and one study assessed community participation. ROB assessment showed 50% unclear risk of selection bias and 25% of unclear risk of detection bias across the studies. Heterogeneity was identified in the intervention effects at post training and follow up. Outcome measures, training intensity and durations also varied across the studies, grade of evidence was low for balance, moderate for speed and function outcomes, and high for community participation. However, it is important to note that grading was done on few numbers of studies in each outcome. Conclusions: The summary of findings suggests positive and statistically significant effects (p<0.05) of VR treadmill training compared to other interventions on gait speed, dynamic balance skills, function and participation directly after training. However, the effects were not sustained at follow up in two studies (2 weeks-1 month) and other studies did not perform follow up measurements. More RCTs with larger sample sizes and higher methodological quality are required to examine the long term effects of VR treadmill effects on function independence and community participation after stroke, in order to draw conclusions and produce stronger robust evidence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title="virtual reality">virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treadmill" title=" treadmill"> treadmill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait%20rehabilitation" title=" gait rehabilitation"> gait rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4195/effects-of-virtual-reality-treadmill-training-on-gait-and-balance-performance-of-patients-with-stroke-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Quality Characteristics of Road Runoff in Coastal Zones: A Case Study in A25 Highway, Portugal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20B.%20Antunes">Pedro B. Antunes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulo%20J.%20Ram%C3%ADsio"> Paulo J. Ramísio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Road runoff is a linear source of diffuse pollution that can cause significant environmental impacts. During rainfall events, pollutants from both stationary and mobile sources, which have accumulated on the road surface, are dragged through the superficial runoff. Road runoff in coastal zones may present high levels of salinity and chlorides due to the proximity of the sea and transported marine aerosols. Appearing to be correlated to this process, organic matter concentration may also be significant. This study assesses this phenomenon with the purpose of identifying the relationships between monitored water quality parameters and intrinsic site variables. To achieve this objective, an extensive monitoring program was conducted on a Portuguese coastal highway. The study included thirty rainfall events, in different weather, traffic and salt deposition conditions in a three years period. The evaluations of various water quality parameters were carried out in over 200 samples. In addition, the meteorological, hydrological and traffic parameters were continuously measured. The salt deposition rates (SDR) were determined by means of a wet candle device, which is an innovative feature of the monitoring program. The SDR, variable throughout the year, appears to show a high correlation with wind speed and direction, but mostly with wave propagation, so that it is lower in the summer, in spite of the favorable wind direction in the case study. The distance to the sea, topography, ground obstacles and the platform altitude seems to be also relevant. It was confirmed the high salinity in the runoff, increasing the concentration of the water quality parameters analyzed, with significant amounts of seawater features. In order to estimate the correlations and patterns of different water quality parameters and variables related to weather, road section and salt deposition, the study included exploratory data analysis using different techniques (e.g. Pearson correlation coefficients, Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis), confirming some specific features of the investigated road runoff. Significant correlations among pollutants were observed. Organic matter was highlighted as very dependent of salinity. Indeed, data analysis showed that some important water quality parameters could be divided into two major clusters based on their correlations to salinity (including organic matter associated parameters) and total suspended solids (including some heavy metals). Furthermore, the concentrations of the most relevant pollutants seemed to be very dependent on some meteorological variables, particularly the duration of the antecedent dry period prior to each rainfall event and the average wind speed. Based on the results of a monitoring case study, in a coastal zone, it was proven that SDR, associated with the hydrological characteristics of road runoff, can contribute for a better knowledge of the runoff characteristics, and help to estimate the specific nature of the runoff and related water quality parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20zones" title="coastal zones">coastal zones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20runoff%20pollution" title=" road runoff pollution"> road runoff pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20deposition" title=" salt deposition"> salt deposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62406/quality-characteristics-of-road-runoff-in-coastal-zones-a-case-study-in-a25-highway-portugal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Characterization and Evaluation of the Dissolution Increase of Molecular Solid Dispersions of Efavirenz</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leslie%20Raphael%20de%20M.%20Ferraz">Leslie Raphael de M. Ferraz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salvana%20Priscylla%20M.%20Costa"> Salvana Priscylla M. Costa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarcyla%20de%20A.%20Gomes"> Tarcyla de A. Gomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giovanna%20Christinne%20R.%20M.%20Schver"> Giovanna Christinne R. M. Schver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crist%C3%B3v%C3%A3o%20R.%20da%20Silva"> Cristóvão R. da Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magaly%20Andreza%20M.%20de%20Lyra"> Magaly Andreza M. de Lyra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danilo%20Augusto%20F.%20Fontes"> Danilo Augusto F. Fontes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larissa%20A.%20Rolim"> Larissa A. Rolim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20Carla%20Q.%20M.%20Vieira"> Amanda Carla Q. M. Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miracy%20M.%20de%20Albuquerque"> Miracy M. de Albuquerque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20J.%20Rolim-Neto"> Pedro J. Rolim-Neto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Efavirenz (EFV) is a drug used as first-line treatment of AIDS. However, it has poor aqueous solubility and wettability, presenting problems in the gastrointestinal tract absorption and bioavailability. One of the most promising strategies to improve the solubility is the use of solid dispersions (SD). Therefore, this study aimed to characterize SD EFZ with the polymers: PVP-K30, PVPVA 64 and SOLUPLUS in order to find an optimal formulation to compose a future pharmaceutical product for AIDS therapy. Initially, Physical Mixtures (PM) and SD with the polymers were obtained containing 10, 20, 50 and 80% of drug (w/w) by the solvent method. The best formulation obtained between the SD was selected by in vitro dissolution test. Finally, the drug-carrier system chosen, in all ratios obtained, were analyzed by the following techniques: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), polarization microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and spectrophotometry of absorption in the region of infrared (IR). From the dissolution profiles of EFV, PM and SD, the values of area Under The Curve (AUC) were calculated. The data showed that the AUC of all PM is greater than the isolated EFV, this result is derived from the hydrophilic properties of the polymers thus favoring a decrease in surface tension between the drug and the dissolution medium. In adittion, this ensures an increasing of wettability of the drug. In parallel, it was found that SD whom had higher AUC values, were those who have the greatest amount of polymer (with only 10% drug). As the amount of drug increases, it was noticed that these results either decrease or are statistically similar. The AUC values of the SD using the three different polymers, followed this decreasing order: SD PVPVA 64-EFV 10% > SD PVP-K30-EFV 10% > SD Soluplus®-EFV 10%. The DSC curves of SD’s did not show the characteristic endothermic event of drug melt process, suggesting that the EFV was converted to its amorphous state. The analysis of polarized light microscopy showed significant birefringence of the PM’s, but this was not observed in films of SD’s, thus suggesting the conversion of the drug from the crystalline to the amorphous state. In electron micrographs of all PM, independently of the percentage of the drug, the crystal structure of EFV was clearly detectable. Moreover, electron micrographs of the SD with the two polymers in different ratios investigated, we observed the presence of particles with irregular size and morphology, also occurring an extensive change in the appearance of the polymer, not being possible to differentiate the two components. IR spectra of PM corresponds to the overlapping of polymer and EFV bands indicating thereby that there is no interaction between them, unlike the spectra of all SD that showed complete disappearance of the band related to the axial deformation of the NH group of EFV. Therefore, this study was able to obtain a suitable formulation to overcome the solubility limitations of the EFV, since SD PVPVA 64-EFZ 10% was chosen as the best system in delay crystallization of the prototype, reaching higher levels of super saturation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title="characterization">characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissolution" title=" dissolution"> dissolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Efavirenz" title=" Efavirenz"> Efavirenz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersions" title=" solid dispersions"> solid dispersions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25685/characterization-and-evaluation-of-the-dissolution-increase-of-molecular-solid-dispersions-of-efavirenz" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">631</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Osteosuture in Fixation of Displaced Lateral Third Clavicle Fractures: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patr%C3%ADcia%20Pires">Patrícia Pires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renata%20Vaz"> Renata Vaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%A1rbara%20Teles"> Bárbara Teles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Pato"> Marco Pato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Beckert"> Pedro Beckert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The management of lateral third clavicle fractures can be challenging due to difficulty in distinguishing subtle variations in the fracture pattern, which may be suggestive of potential fracture instability. They occur most often in men between 30 and 50 years of age, and in individuals over 70 years of age, its distribution is equal between both men and women. These fractures account for 10%–30% of all clavicle fractures and roughly 30%–45% of all clavicle nonunion fractures. Lateral third clavicle fractures may be treated conservatively or surgically, and there is no gold standard, although the risk of nonunion or pseudoarthrosis impacts the recommendation of surgical treatment when these fractures are unstable. There are many strategies for surgical treatment, including locking plates, hook plates fixation, coracoclavicular fixation using suture anchors, devices or screws, tension band fixation with suture or wire, transacromial Kirschner wire fixation and arthroscopically assisted techniques. Whenever taking the hardware into consideration, we must not disregard that obtaining adequate lateral fixation of small fragments is a difficult task, and plates are more associated to local irritation. The aim of the appropriate treatment is to ensure fracture healing and a rapid return to preinjury activities of daily living but, as explained, definitive treatment strategies have not been established and the variety of techniques avalilable add up to the discussion of this topic. Methods and Results: We present a clinical case of a 43-year-old man with the diagnosis of a lateral third clavicle fracture (Neer IIC) in the sequence of a fall on his right shoulder after a bicycle fall. He was operated three days after the injury, and through K-wire temporary fixation and indirect reduction using a ZipTight, he underwent osteosynthesis with an interfragmentary figure-of-eight tension band with polydioxanone suture (PDS). Two weeks later, there was a good aligment. He kept the sling until 6 weeks pos-op, avoiding efforts. At 7-weeks pos-op, there was still a good aligment, starting the physiotherapy exercises. After 10 months, he had no limitation in mobility or pain and returned to work with complete recovery in strength. Conclusion: Some distal clavicle fractures may be conservatively treated, but it is widely accepted that unstable fractures require surgical treatment to obtain superior clinical outcomes. In the clinical case presented, the authors chose an osteosuture technique due to the fracture pattern, its location. Since there isn´t a consensus on the prefered fixation method, it is important for surgeons to be skilled in various techniques and decide with their patient which approach is most appropriate for them, weighting the risk-benefit of each method. For instance, with the suture technique used, there is no wire migration or breakage, and it doesn´t require a reoperation for hardware removal; there is also less tissue exposure since it requires a smaller approach in comparison to the plate fixation and avoids cuff tears like the hook plate. The good clinical outcome on this case report serves the purpose of expanding the consideration of this method has a therapeutic option. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20third" title="lateral third">lateral third</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clavicle" title=" clavicle"> clavicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suture" title=" suture"> suture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixation" title=" fixation"> fixation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171612/osteosuture-in-fixation-of-displaced-lateral-third-clavicle-fractures-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Improvement of Greenhouse Gases Bio-Fixation by Microalgae Using a “Plasmon-Enhanced Photobioreactor”</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20Pereira">Francisco Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ant%C3%B3nio%20Augusto%20Vicente"> António Augusto Vicente</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filipe%20Vaz"> Filipe Vaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joel%20Borges"> Joel Borges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Geada"> Pedro Geada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Light is a growth-limiting factor in microalgae cultivation, where factors like spectral components, intensity, and duration, often characterized by its wavelength, are well-reported to have a substantial impact on cell growth rates and, consequently, photosynthetic performance and mitigation of CO2, one of the most significant greenhouse gases (GHGs). Photobioreactors (PBRs) are commonly used to grow microalgae under controlled conditions, but they often fail to provide an even light distribution to the cultures. For this reason, there is a pressing need for innovations aiming at enhancing the efficient utilization of light. So, one potential approach to address this issue is by implementing plasmonic films, such as the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). LSPR is an optical phenomenon connected to the interaction of light with metallic nanostructures. LSPR excitation is characterized by the oscillation of unbound conduction electrons of the nanoparticles coupled with the electromagnetic field from incident light. As a result of this excitation, highly energetic electrons and a strong electromagnetic field are generated. These effects lead to an amplification of light scattering, absorption, and extinction of specific wavelengths, contingent on the nature of the employed nanoparticle. Thus, microalgae might benefit from this biotechnology as it enables the selective filtration of inhibitory wavelengths and harnesses the electromagnetic fields produced, which could lead to enhancements in both biomass and metabolite productivity. This study aimed at implementing and evaluating a “plasmon-enhanced PBR”. The goal was to utilize LSPR thin films to enhance the growth and CO2 bio-fixation rate of Chlorella vulgaris. The internal/external walls of the PBRs were coated with a TiO2 matrix containing different nanoparticles (Au, Ag, and Au-Ag) in order to evaluate the impact of this approach on microalgae’s performance. Plasmonic films with distinct compositions resulted in different Chlorella vulgaris growth, ranging from 4.85 to 6.13 g.L-1. The highest cell concentrations were obtained with the metallic Ag films, demonstrating a 14% increase compared to the control condition. Moreover, it appeared to be no differences in growth between PBRs with inner and outer wall coatings. In terms of CO2 bio-fixation, distinct rates were obtained depending on the coating applied, ranging from 0.42 to 0.53 gCO2L-1d-1. Ag coating was demonstrated to be the most effective condition for carbon fixation by C. vulgaris. The impact of LSPR films on the biochemical characteristics of biomass (e.g., proteins, lipids, pigments) was analysed as well. Interestingly, Au coating yielded the most significant enhancements in protein content and total pigments, with increments of 15 % and 173 %, respectively, when compared to the PBR without any coating (control condition). Overall, the incorporation of plasmonic films in PBRs seems to have the potential to improve the performance and efficiency of microalgae cultivation, thereby representing an interesting approach to increase both biomass production and GHGs bio-mitigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20bio-fixation" title="CO₂ bio-fixation">CO₂ bio-fixation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmonic%20effect" title=" plasmonic effect"> plasmonic effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photobioreactor" title=" photobioreactor"> photobioreactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosynthetic%20microalgae" title=" photosynthetic microalgae"> photosynthetic microalgae</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175789/improvement-of-greenhouse-gases-bio-fixation-by-microalgae-using-a-plasmon-enhanced-photobioreactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175789.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Physiological Effects on Scientist Astronaut Candidates: Hypobaric Training Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Llanos">Pedro Llanos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20Garc%C3%ADa"> Diego García </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is addressed to expanding our understanding of the effects of hypoxia training on our bodies to better model its dynamics and leverage some of its implications and effects on human health. Hypoxia training is a recommended practice for military and civilian pilots that allow them to recognize their early hypoxia signs and symptoms, and Scientist Astronaut Candidates (SACs) who underwent hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure as part of a training activity for prospective suborbital flight applications. This observational-analytical study describes physiologic responses and symptoms experienced by a SAC group before, during and after HH exposure and proposes a model for assessing predicted versus observed physiological responses. A group of individuals with diverse Science Technology Engineering Mathematics (STEM) backgrounds conducted a hypobaric training session to an altitude up to 22,000 ft (FL220) or 6,705 meters, where heart rate (HR), breathing rate (BR) and core temperature (Tc) were monitored with the use of a chest strap sensor pre and post HH exposure. A pulse oximeter registered levels of saturation of oxygen (SpO<sub>2</sub>), number and duration of desaturations during the HH chamber flight. Hypoxia symptoms as described by the SACs during the HH training session were also registered. This data allowed to generate a preliminary predictive model of the oxygen desaturation and O<sub>2</sub> pressure curve for each subject, which consists of a sixth-order polynomial fit during exposure, and a fifth or fourth-order polynomial fit during recovery. Data analysis showed that HR and BR showed no significant differences between pre and post HH exposure in most of the SACs, while Tc measures showed slight but consistent decrement changes. All subjects registered SpO<sub>2</sub> greater than 94% for the majority of their individual HH exposures, but all of them presented at least one clinically significant desaturation (SpO<sub>2</sub> < 85% for more than 5 seconds) and half of the individuals showed SpO<sub>2</sub> below 87% for at least 30% of their HH exposure time. Finally, real time collection of HH symptoms presented temperature somatosensory perceptions (SP) for 65% of individuals, and task-focus issues for 52.5% of individuals as the most common HH indications. 95% of the subjects experienced HH onset symptoms below FL180; all participants achieved full recovery of HH symptoms within 1 minute of donning their O<sub>2</sub> mask. The current HH study performed on this group of individuals suggests a rapid and fully reversible physiologic response after HH exposure as expected and obtained in previous studies. Our data showed consistent results between predicted versus observed SpO<sub>2</sub> curves during HH suggesting a mathematical function that may be used to model HH performance deficiencies. During the HH study, real-time HH symptoms were registered providing evidenced SP and task focusing as the earliest and most common indicators. Finally, an assessment of HH signs of symptoms in a group of heterogeneous, non-pilot individuals showed similar results to previous studies in homogeneous populations of pilots. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slow%20onset%20hypoxia" title="slow onset hypoxia">slow onset hypoxia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypobaric%20chamber%20training" title=" hypobaric chamber training"> hypobaric chamber training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=altitude%20sickness" title=" altitude sickness"> altitude sickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symptoms%20and%20altitude" title=" symptoms and altitude"> symptoms and altitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20cabin" title=" pressure cabin"> pressure cabin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123954/physiological-effects-on-scientist-astronaut-candidates-hypobaric-training-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Saline Aspiration Negative Intravascular Test: Mitigating Risk with Injectable Fillers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcelo%20Lopes%20Dias%20Kolling">Marcelo Lopes Dias Kolling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Ferreira%20Laranjeira"> Felipe Ferreira Laranjeira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guilherme%20Augusto%20Hettwer"> Guilherme Augusto Hettwer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Salom%C3%A3o%20Piccinini"> Pedro Salomão Piccinini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwan%20Masri"> Marwan Masri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Oscar%20Uebel"> Carlos Oscar Uebel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Injectable fillers are among the most common nonsurgical cosmetic procedures, with significant growth yearly. Knowledge of rheological and mechanical characteristics of fillers, facial anatomy, and injection technique is essential for safety. Concepts such as the use of cannula versus needle, aspiration before injection, and facial danger zones have been well discussed. In case of an accidental intravascular puncture, the pressure inside the vessel may not be sufficient to push blood into the syringe due to the characteristics of the filler product; this is especially true for calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) or hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers with high G’. Since viscoelastic properties of normal saline are much lower than those of fillers, aspiration with saline prior to filler injection may decrease the risk of a false negative aspiration and subsequent catastrophic effects. We discuss a technique to add an additional safety step to the procedure with saline aspiration prior to injection, a ‘’reverse Seldinger’’ technique for intravascular access, which we term SANIT: Saline Aspiration Negative Intravascular Test. Objectives: To demonstrate the author’s (PSP) technique which adds an additional safety step to the process of filler injection, with both CaHA and HA, in order to decrease the risk of intravascular injection. Materials and Methods: Normal skin cleansing and topical anesthesia with prilocaine/lidocaine cream are performed; the facial subunits to be treated are marked. A 3mL Luer lock syringe is filled with 2mL of 0.9% normal saline and a 27G needle, which is turned one half rotation. When a cannula is to be used, the Luer lock syringe is attached to a 27G 4cm single hole disposable cannula. After skin puncture, the 3mL syringe is advanced with the plunger pulled back (negative pressure). Progress is made to the desired depth, all the while aspirating. Once the desired location of filler injection is reached, the syringe is exchanged for the syringe containing a filler, securely grabbing the hub of the needle and taking care to not dislodge the needle tip. Prior to this, we remove 0.1mL of filler to allow for space inside the syringe for aspiration. We again aspirate and inject retrograde. SANIT is especially useful for CaHA, since the G’ is much higher than HA, and thus reflux of blood into the syringe is less likely to occur. Results: The technique has been used safely for the past two years with no adverse events; the increase in cost is negligible (only the cost of 2mL of normal saline). Over 100 patients (over 300 syringes) have been treated with this technique. The risk of accidental intravascular puncture has been calculated to be between 1:6410 to 1:40882 syringes among expert injectors; however, the consequences of intravascular injection can be catastrophic even with board-certified physicians. Conclusions: While the risk of intravascular filler injection is low, the consequences can be disastrous. We believe that adding the SANIT technique can help further mitigate risk with no significant untoward effects and could be considered by all performing injectable fillers. Further follow-up is ongoing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injectable%20fillers" title="injectable fillers">injectable fillers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saline%20aspiration" title=" saline aspiration"> saline aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injectable%20filler%20complications" title=" injectable filler complications"> injectable filler complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyaluronic%20acid" title=" hyaluronic acid"> hyaluronic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20hydroxyapatite" title=" calcium hydroxyapatite"> calcium hydroxyapatite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142402/saline-aspiration-negative-intravascular-test-mitigating-risk-with-injectable-fillers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Numerical Simulation of the Production of Ceramic Pigments Using Microwave Radiation: An Energy Efficiency Study Towards the Decarbonization of the Pigment Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20A.%20V.%20Ramos">Pedro A. V. Ramos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duarte%20M.%20S.%20Albuquerque"> Duarte M. S. Albuquerque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20C.%20F.%20Pereira"> José C. F. Pereira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global warming mitigation is one of the main challenges of this century, having the net balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to be null or negative in 2050. Industry electrification is one of the main paths to achieving carbon neutrality within the goals of the Paris Agreement. Microwave heating is becoming a popular industrial heating mechanism due to the absence of direct GHG emissions, but also the rapid, volumetric, and efficient heating. In the present study, a mathematical model is used to simulate the production using microwave heating of two ceramic pigments, at high temperatures (above 1200 Celsius degrees). The two pigments studied were the yellow (Pr, Zr)SiO₂ and the brown (Ti, Sb, Cr)O₂. The chemical conversion of reactants into products was included in the model by using the kinetic triplet obtained with the model-fitting method and experimental data present in the Literature. The coupling between the electromagnetic, thermal, and chemical interfaces was also included. The simulations were computed in COMSOL Multiphysics. The geometry includes a moving plunger to allow for the cavity impedance matching and thus maximize the electromagnetic efficiency. To accomplish this goal, a MATLAB controller was developed to automatically search the position of the moving plunger that guarantees the maximum efficiency. The power is automatically and permanently adjusted during the transient simulation to impose stationary regime and total conversion, the two requisites of every converged solution. Both 2D and 3D geometries were used and a parametric study regarding the axial bed velocity and the heat transfer coefficient at the boundaries was performed. Moreover, a Verification and Validation study was carried out by comparing the conversion profiles obtained numerically with the experimental data available in the Literature; the numerical uncertainty was also estimated to attest to the result's reliability. The results show that the model-fitting method employed in this work is a suitable tool to predict the chemical conversion of reactants into the pigment, showing excellent agreement between the numerical results and the experimental data. Moreover, it was demonstrated that higher velocities lead to higher thermal efficiencies and thus lower energy consumption during the process. This work concludes that the electromagnetic heating of materials having high loss tangent and low thermal conductivity, like ceramic materials, maybe a challenge due to the presence of hot spots, which may jeopardize the product quality or even the experimental apparatus. The MATLAB controller increased the electromagnetic efficiency by 25% and global efficiency of 54% was obtained for the titanate brown pigment. This work shows that electromagnetic heating will be a key technology in the decarbonization of the ceramic sector as reductions up to 98% in the specific GHG emissions were obtained when compared to the conventional process. Furthermore, numerical simulations appear as a suitable technique to be used in the design and optimization of microwave applicators, showing high agreement with experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20impedance%20matching" title="automatic impedance matching">automatic impedance matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20pigments" title=" ceramic pigments"> ceramic pigments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20maximization" title=" efficiency maximization"> efficiency maximization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-temperature%20microwave%20heating" title=" high-temperature microwave heating"> high-temperature microwave heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input%20power%20control" title=" input power control"> input power control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143333/numerical-simulation-of-the-production-of-ceramic-pigments-using-microwave-radiation-an-energy-efficiency-study-towards-the-decarbonization-of-the-pigment-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Comparison of On-Site Stormwater Detention Policies in Australian and Brazilian Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20P.%20Drumond">Pedro P. Drumond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20E.%20Ball"> James E. Ball</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priscilla%20M.%20Moura"> Priscilla M. Moura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%A1rcia%20M.%20L.%20P.%20Coelho"> Márcia M. L. P. Coelho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent decades, On-site Stormwater Detention (OSD) systems have been implemented in many cities around the world. In Brazil, urban drainage source control policies were created in the 1990’s and were mainly based on OSD. The concept of this technique is to promote the detention of additional stormwater runoff caused by impervious areas, in order to maintain pre-urbanization peak flow levels. In Australia OSD, was first adopted in the early 1980’s by the Ku-ring-gai Council in Sydney’s northern suburbs and Wollongong City Council. Many papers on the topic were published at that time. However, source control techniques related to stormwater quality have become to the forefront and OSD has been relegated to the background. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the current regulations regarding OSD, the existing policies were compared in Australian cities, a country considered experienced in the use of this technique, and in Brazilian cities where OSD adoption has been increasing. The cities selected for analysis were Wollongong and Belo Horizonte, the first municipalities to adopt OSD in their respective countries, and Sydney and Porto Alegre, cities where these policies are local references. The Australian and Brazilian cities are located in Southern Hemisphere of the planet and similar rainfall intensities can be observed, especially in storm bursts greater than 15 minutes. Regarding technical criteria, Brazilian cities have a site-based approach, analyzing only on-site system drainage. This approach is criticized for not evaluating impacts on urban drainage systems and in rare cases may cause the increase of peak flows downstream. The city of Wollongong and most of the Sydney Councils adopted a catchment-based approach, requiring the use of Permissible Site Discharge (PSD) and Site Storage Requirements (SSR) values based on analysis of entire catchments via hydrograph-producing computer models. Based on the premise that OSD should be designed to dampen storms of 100 years Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) storm, the values of PSD and SSR in these four municipalities were compared. In general, Brazilian cities presented low values of PSD and high values of SSR. This can be explained by site-based approach and the low runoff coefficient value adopted for pre-development conditions. The results clearly show the differences between approaches and methodologies adopted in OSD designs among Brazilian and Australian municipalities, especially with regard to PSD values, being on opposite sides of the scale. However, lack of research regarding the real performance of constructed OSD does not allow for determining which is best. It is necessary to investigate OSD performance in a real situation, assessing the damping provided throughout its useful life, maintenance issues, debris blockage problems and the parameters related to rain-flow methods. Acknowledgments: The authors wish to thank CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Chamada Universal – MCTI/CNPq Nº 14/2014), FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, and CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior for their financial support. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on-site%20stormwater%20detention" title="on-site stormwater detention">on-site stormwater detention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20control" title=" source control"> source control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stormwater" title=" stormwater"> stormwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20drainage" title=" urban drainage"> urban drainage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82344/comparison-of-on-site-stormwater-detention-policies-in-australian-and-brazilian-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82344.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Thermodynamic Modeling of Cryogenic Fuel Tanks with a Model-Based Inverse Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20A.%20Marques">Pedro A. Marques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20Monteiro"> Francisco Monteiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandra%20Zumbo"> Alessandra Zumbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessia%20Simonini"> Alessia Simonini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20A.%20Mendez"> Miguel A. Mendez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cryogenic fuels such as Liquid Hydrogen (LH₂) must be transported and stored at extremely low temperatures. Without expensive active cooling solutions, preventing fuel boil-off over time is impossible. Hence, one must resort to venting systems at the cost of significant energy and fuel mass loss. These losses increase significantly in propellant tanks installed on vehicles, as the presence of external accelerations induces sloshing. Sloshing increases heat and mass transfer rates and leads to significant pressure oscillations, which might further trigger propellant venting. To make LH₂ economically viable, it is essential to minimize these factors by using advanced control techniques. However, these require accurate modelling and a full understanding of the tank's thermodynamics. The present research aims to implement a simple thermodynamic model capable of predicting the state of a cryogenic fuel tank under different operating conditions (i.e., filling, pressurization, fuel extraction, long-term storage, and sloshing). Since this model relies on a set of closure parameters to drive the system's transient response, it must be calibrated using experimental or numerical data. This work focuses on the former approach, wherein the model is calibrated through an experimental campaign carried out on a reduced-scale model of a cryogenic tank. The thermodynamic model of the system is composed of three control volumes: the ullage, the liquid, and the insulating walls. Under this lumped formulation, the governing equations are derived from energy and mass balances in each region, with mass-averaged properties assigned to each of them. The gas-liquid interface is treated as an infinitesimally thin region across which both phases can exchange mass and heat. This results in a coupled system of ordinary differential equations, which must be closed with heat and mass transfer coefficients between each control volume. These parameters are linked to the system evolution via empirical relations derived from different operating regimes of the tank. The derivation of these relations is carried out using an inverse method to find the optimal relations that allow the model to reproduce the available data. This approach extends classic system identification methods beyond linear dynamical systems via a nonlinear optimization step. Thanks to the data-driven assimilation of the closure problem, the resulting model accurately predicts the evolution of the tank's thermodynamics at a negligible computational cost. The lumped model can thus be easily integrated with other submodels to perform complete system simulations in real time. Moreover, by setting the model in a dimensionless form, a scaling analysis allowed us to relate the tested configurations to a representative full-size tank for naval applications. It was thus possible to compare the relative importance of different transport phenomena between the laboratory model and the full-size prototype among the different operating regimes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destratification" title="destratification">destratification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure-drop" title=" pressure-drop"> pressure-drop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressurization" title=" pressurization"> pressurization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sloshing" title=" sloshing"> sloshing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamics" title=" thermodynamics"> thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156578/thermodynamic-modeling-of-cryogenic-fuel-tanks-with-a-model-based-inverse-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Neighborhood Relations in a Context of Cultural and Social Diversity - Qualitative Analysis of a Case Study in a Territory in the inner City of Lisbon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madalena%20Corte-real">Madalena Corte-real</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%A3o%20Pedro%20Nunes"> João Pedro Nunes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernardo%20Fernandes"> Bernardo Fernandes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Jorge%20Correira"> Ana Jorge Correira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This presentation looks, from a sociological perspective, at neighboring practices in the inner city of Lisbon. The capital of Portugal, with half a million inhabitants, inserted in a metropolitan area with almost 2,9 million people, has been in the international spotlight seen as an interesting city to live in and to invest in, especially in the real estate market. This promotion emerged in the context of the financial crisis, where local authorities aimed to make Lisbon a more competitive city, calling for visitors and financial and human capital. Especially in the last decade, Portugal’s capital has been experiencing a significant increase in terms of migration from creative and entrepreneurial exiles to economic and political expats. In this context, the territory under analysis, in particular, is a mixed-used area undergoing rapid transformations in recent years marked by the presence of newcomers and non-nationals as well as social and cultural heterogeneity. It is next to one of the main arteries, considered the most multicultural part of the city, and presented in the press as one of the coolest neighborhoods in Europe. In view of these aspects, this research aims to address key-topics in current urban research: anonymity often related to big cities, socio-spatial attachment to the neighborhood, and the effects of diversity in the everyday relations of residents and shopkeepers. This case-study intends to look at particularities in local regimes differently affected by growing mobility. Against a backdrop of unidimensional generalizations and a tendency to refer to central countries and global cities, it aims to discuss national and local specificities. In methodological terms, the project comprises essentially a qualitative approach that consists of direct observation techniques and ethnographic methods as well semi-structured interviews to residents and local stakeholders whose narratives are subject to content analysis. The paper starts with a characterization of the broader context of the city of Lisbon, followed by territorial specificities regarding socio-spatial development, namely the city’s and the inner-areas morphology as well as the population’s socioeconomic profile. Following the residents and stakeholders’ narratives and practices it will assess the perception and behaviors regarding the representation of the area, relationships and experiences, routines, and sociability. Results point to a significant presence of neighborhood relations and different forms of support, in particular, among the different groups – e.g., old long-time residents, middle-class families, global creative class, and communities of economic migrants. Fieldwork reveals low levels of place-attachment although some residents refer, presently, high levels of satisfaction. Engagement with living space, this case-study suggests, reveals the social construction and lived the experience of neighboring by different groups, but also the way different and contrasting visions and desires are articulated to the profound urban, cultural and political changes that permeate the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity" title="diversity">diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lisbon" title=" lisbon"> lisbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighboring%20and%20neighborhood" title=" neighboring and neighborhood"> neighboring and neighborhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=place-attachment" title=" place-attachment"> place-attachment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156452/neighborhood-relations-in-a-context-of-cultural-and-social-diversity-qualitative-analysis-of-a-case-study-in-a-territory-in-the-inner-city-of-lisbon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Somatic Delusional Disorder Subsequent to Phantogeusia: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Felgueiras">Pedro Felgueiras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Miguel"> Ana Miguel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%C3%A9lson%20Almeida"> Nélson Almeida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20Silva"> Raquel Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Through the study of a clinical case of delusional somatic disorder secondary to phantogeusia, we aim to highlight the importance of considering psychosomatic conditions in differential diagnosis, as well as to emphasize the complexity of its comprehension, treatment, and respective impact on patients’ functioning. Methods: Bearing this in mind, we conducted a critical analysis of a case series based on patient observations, clinical data, and complementary diagnostic methods, as well as a non-systematic review of the literature on the subject. Results: A 61-year-old female patient with no history of psychiatric conditions. Family psychiatric history of mood disorder (depression), with psychotic features found in her mother. Medical history of many comorbidities affecting different organ systems (endocrine, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, ophthalmological). Documented neuroticism traits of personality. The patient’s family described a persistent concern about several physical symptoms across her life, with a continuous effort to obtain explanations about any sensation out of her normal perception. Since being subjected to endoscopy in 2018, she started complaints of persistent phantogeusia (acid taste) and developed excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors associated with this somatic symptom. The patient was evaluated by several medical specialties, and an extensive panel of medical exams was carried out, excluding any disease. Besides all the investigation and with no evidence of disease signs, acute anxiety, time, and energy dispended to this symptom culminated in severe psychosocial impairment. The patient was admitted to a psychiatric ward for investigation and treatment of this clinical picture, leading to the diagnosis of the delusional somatic disorder. In order to exclude the acute organic etiology of this psychotic disorder, an analytic panel was carried out with no abnormal results. In the context of a psychotic clinical picture, a CT scan was performed, which revealed a right cortical vascular lesion. Neuropsychological evaluation was made, with the description of cognitive functioning being globally normative. During treatment with an antipsychotic (pimozide), a complete remission of the somatic delusion was associated with the disappearance of gustative perception disturbance. In follow-up, a relapse of gustative sensation was documented, and her thoughts and speech were dominated by concerns about multiple somatic symptoms. Conclusion: In terms of abnormal bodily sensations, the oral cavity is one of the frequent sites of delusional disorder. Patients with these gustatory perception distortions complain about unusual sensations without corresponding abnormal findings in the oral area. Its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated yet. In terms of its comprehensive psychopathology, this case was hypothesized as a paranoid development of a delusional somatic disorder triggered by a post-invasive procedure phantogeusia (which is described as a possible side effect of an endoscopy) in a patient with an anankastic personality. This case presents interesting psychopathology, reinforcing the complexity of psychosomatic disorders in terms of their etiopathogenesis, clinical treatment, and long-term prognosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychosomatics" title="psychosomatics">psychosomatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delusional%20somatic%20disorder" title=" delusional somatic disorder"> delusional somatic disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phantogeusia" title=" phantogeusia"> phantogeusia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paranoid%20development" title=" paranoid development"> paranoid development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156764/somatic-delusional-disorder-subsequent-to-phantogeusia-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Regenerating Habitats. A Housing Based on Modular Wooden Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Pedro%20de%20Sousa%20Guimar%C3%A3es%20Ferreira">Rui Pedro de Sousa Guimarães Ferreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Alberto%20Maia%20Dom%C3%ADnguez"> Carlos Alberto Maia Domínguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the ambitions to achieve climate neutrality by 2050, to fulfill the Paris Agreement's goals, the building and construction sector remains one of the most resource-intensive and greenhouse gas-emitting industries in the world, accounting for 40% of worldwide CO ₂ emissions. Over the past few decades, globalization and population growth have led to an exponential rise in demand in the housing market and, by extension, in the building industry. Considering this housing crisis, it is obvious that we will not stop building in the near future. However, the transition, which has already started, is challenging and complex because it calls for the worldwide participation of numerous organizations in altering how building systems, which have been a part of our everyday existence for over a century, are used. Wood is one of the alternatives that is most frequently used nowadays (under responsible forestry conditions) because of its physical qualities and, most importantly, because it produces fewer carbon emissions during manufacturing than steel or concrete. Furthermore, as wood retains its capacity to store CO ₂ after application and throughout the life of the building, working as a natural carbon filter, it helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. After a century-long focus on other materials, in the last few decades, technological advancements have made it possible to innovate systems centered around the use of wood. However, there are still some questions that require further exploration. It is necessary to standardize production and manufacturing processes based on prefabrication and modularization principles to achieve greater precision and optimization of the solutions, decreasing building time, prices, and waste from raw materials. In addition, this approach will make it possible to develop new architectural solutions to solve the rigidity and irreversibility of buildings, two of the most important issues facing housing today. Most current models are still created as inflexible, fixed, monofunctional structures that discourage any kind of regeneration, based on matrices that sustain the conventional family's traditional model and are founded on rigid, impenetrable compartmentalization. Adaptability and flexibility in housing are, and always have been, necessities and key components of architecture. People today need to constantly adapt to their surroundings and themselves because of the fast-paced, disposable, and quickly obsolescent nature of modern items. Migrations on a global scale, different kinds of co-housing, or even personal changes are some of the new questions that buildings have to answer. Designing with the reversibility of construction systems and materials in mind not only allows for the concept of "looping" in construction, with environmental advantages that enable the development of a circular economy in the sector but also unleashes multiple social benefits. In this sense, it is imperative to develop prefabricated and modular construction systems able to address the formalization of a reversible proposition that adjusts to the scale of time and its multiple reformulations, many of which are unpredictable. We must allow buildings to change, grow, or shrink over their lifetime, respecting their nature and, finally, the nature of the people living in them. It´s the ability to anticipate the unexpected, adapt to social factors, and take account of demographic shifts in society to stabilize communities, the foundation of real innovative sustainability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modular" title="modular">modular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=timber" title=" timber"> timber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexibility" title=" flexibility"> flexibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title=" housing"> housing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181378/regenerating-habitats-a-housing-based-on-modular-wooden-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> 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