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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2009–2020 US Air Force aircraft acquisition program</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A-29_Over_Afghanistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/A-29_Over_Afghanistan.jpg/280px-A-29_Over_Afghanistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/A-29_Over_Afghanistan.jpg/420px-A-29_Over_Afghanistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/A-29_Over_Afghanistan.jpg/560px-A-29_Over_Afghanistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3667" data-file-height="2257" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/A-29_Super_Tucano" class="mw-redirect" title="A-29 Super Tucano">A-29 Super Tucano</a> won the Light Air Support contract and was used by the <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Air_Force" title="Afghan Air Force">Afghan Air Force</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Light Attack/Armed Reconnaissance (LAAR)</b> or Light Air Support (LAS) program was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> program for a new light <a href="/wiki/Counter-insurgency_aircraft" title="Counter-insurgency aircraft">counter-insurgency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ground-attack_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground-attack aircraft">ground attack</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft">reconnaissance aircraft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft should be capable of finding, tracking, and attacking targets either on its own or in support of ground forces. The program formally began in July 2009 with a <a href="/wiki/Request_for_information" title="Request for information">request for information</a>. No <a href="/wiki/Request_for_proposal" title="Request for proposal">request for proposal</a> has yet been issued. Approximately 100 aircraft were expected to be ordered, but USAF has reduced the number of aircraft sought to 15 aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rivals_not_deterred_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rivals_not_deterred-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 15 aircraft program was focused at training pilots, not a combat mission.<sup id="cite_ref-irreg_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irreg-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This program has also been called the <b>OA-X</b> program or the <b>AT-X</b> program, although the reduced scope of the LAAR program has forced the USAF to push an "OA-X" program indefinitely into the future.<sup id="cite_ref-irreg_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irreg-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thesis_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thesis-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late 2019, the program received renewed attention by lawmakers, who expressed their frustrations with the program's pace.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A group of legislators introduced amendments to the House and Senate versions of the FY 2020 <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act" title="National Defense Authorization Act">National Defense Authorization Act</a> that would transfer control of the program to the commander of <a href="/wiki/U.S._Special_Operations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Special Operations Command">U.S. Special Operations Command</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2020, following the release of the Pentagon's FY 2021 budget request, it was announced that the Air Force "will not move forward with a <a href="/wiki/Program_of_Record" class="mw-redirect" title="Program of Record">Program of Record</a> for light attack planes," effectively killing the project.<sup id="cite_ref-defensenews1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defensenews1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U.S. Special Operations Command, meanwhile, announced an industry day for their <a href="/wiki/Armed_Overwatch" title="Armed Overwatch">Armed Overwatch</a> program, a new and independent effort to secure around 75 crewed, fixed-wing aircraft for "CAS, Armed Reconnaissance, Strike Coordination & Reconnaissance, and Airborne Forward Air Control."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fairchild_Republic_A-10C_Thunderbolt_II_1_(5969353767).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Fairchild_Republic_A-10C_Thunderbolt_II_1_%285969353767%29.jpg/220px-Fairchild_Republic_A-10C_Thunderbolt_II_1_%285969353767%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Fairchild_Republic_A-10C_Thunderbolt_II_1_%285969353767%29.jpg/330px-Fairchild_Republic_A-10C_Thunderbolt_II_1_%285969353767%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Fairchild_Republic_A-10C_Thunderbolt_II_1_%285969353767%29.jpg/440px-Fairchild_Republic_A-10C_Thunderbolt_II_1_%285969353767%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2211" data-file-height="1569" /></a><figcaption>While the <a href="/wiki/A-10_Thunderbolt_II" class="mw-redirect" title="A-10 Thunderbolt II">A-10</a> is a well-versed <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">CAS</a> platform, it is also an older and more costly aircraft.</figcaption></figure> <p>The 2009 Light Attack/Armed Reconnaissance program was born out of the need for a new <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a> aircraft that was suited to the type of combat the United States was facing in <a href="/wiki/Post-invasion_Iraq,_2003%E2%80%93present" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present">post 2003-invasion Iraq</a> and <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">Afghanistan</a>. The close air support role was carried out by several different aircraft, including the <a href="/wiki/A-10_Thunderbolt_II" class="mw-redirect" title="A-10 Thunderbolt II">A-10 Thunderbolt II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/B-1B_Lancer" class="mw-redirect" title="B-1B Lancer">B-1B Lancer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/F-16_Fighting_Falcon" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16 Fighting Falcon</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/F-15E_Strike_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="F-15E Strike Eagle">F-15E Strike Eagle</a>. While all of these aircraft are capable of close air support, only the A-10 was purpose built for the type of support needed by ground troops in a "low intensity conflict," or COIN (COunterINsurgency), operation.<sup id="cite_ref-thesis_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thesis-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For example, these aircraft often do not have the <a href="/wiki/Loiter_(flight)" class="mw-redirect" title="Loiter (flight)">loiter</a> time needed for these missions and require aerial refueling support, making their missions more expensive. Additionally, long loiter missions use up an <a href="/wiki/Airframe" title="Airframe">airframe</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Service_life" title="Service life">service life</a> faster than expected, requiring replacement. This may cause issues in the future as some aircraft, such as the A-10, are out of production and cannot be replaced.<sup id="cite_ref-thesis_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thesis-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To solve this problem, the United States Air Force released a <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Request for Information">Request for Information</a> (RFI) on July 27, 2009 requesting details of a possible Light Attack/Armed Reconnaissance aircraft that could be outfitted to specific requirements (see <i>Requirements</i> below) and enter into service in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Air Force planned to acquire approximately 100 aircraft in the RFI, but has since reduced the initial requirement to 15 aircraft. A more detailed Request for Proposals (RFP) has not been released as of September 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rivals_not_deterred_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rivals_not_deterred-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011 the <a href="/wiki/House_Armed_Services_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Armed Services Committee">House Armed Services Committee</a> moved to block funding for the program until the requirements and acquisition were validated.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2011 it was revealed that the <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_T-6_Texan_II" title="Beechcraft T-6 Texan II">Beechcraft AT-6B</a> had been excluded from the competition by the USAF, leaving the <a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_314_Super_Tucano" title="Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano">Embraer A-29</a> the probable winner, with a contract expected to be awarded in December 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/GAO" class="mw-redirect" title="GAO">GAO</a>: “the Air Force concluded that HBDC [Hawker Beechcraft Defense Company] had not adequately corrected deficiencies in its proposal. In this regard, the agency concluded that multiple deficiencies and significant weaknesses found in HBDC’s proposal make it technically unacceptable and results in unacceptable mission capability risk”. <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Beechcraft" title="Hawker Beechcraft">Hawker Beechcraft</a>'s protest against its exclusion was dismissed.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 30, 2011, the USAF announced that the A-29 had been awarded the contract.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But the contract award was disputed and a stop-work was issued the following January.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All motions will be due to U.S. Court of Federal Claim by March 6, 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A re-awarding of the contract was expected in January 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was delayed a few months.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The A-29 was reawarded the contract on February 27, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> And Beechcraft again challenged the contract.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But the USAF ordered that the construction start anyway.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beechcraft's allies in the Kansas Republican congressional delegation then called for the work to be stopped,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Embraer's Floridan congressional allies praised the USAF's move.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The USAF has instructed for work to continue unless a federal court orders otherwise.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a> upheld the USAF's decision to proceed with the contract work.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OA-X_demonstration">OA-X demonstration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: OA-X demonstration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In summer 2017, the U.S. Air Force will conduct flight demonstrations at <a href="/wiki/Holloman_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Holloman AFB">Holloman AFB</a>, New Mexico for the OA-X capability assessment for light attack and armed reconnaissance missions from austere locations : it will choose up to four industrials to bring one or two off-the-shelf low-cost, light-attack aircraft for a 300-aircraft need.<sup id="cite_ref-AW170322_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AW170322-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is required to have a 90% availability day and night, fly 900 hours per year for 10 years, take off on 6,000 ft runways, burn a maximum of 1,500 lb./hr of fuel over 2.5-hr. and its survivability should be evaluated by its infrared and visual signature.<sup id="cite_ref-AW170329_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AW170329-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Current competitors include Embraer and Sierra Nevada's A-29 Super Tucano as well as the Textron Aviation Defense AT-6 Wolverine turboprop and the American-made Textron Aviation Defense Scorpion light jet.<sup id="cite_ref-AW170322_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AW170322-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other possibilities includes the Leonardo <a href="/wiki/M-346" class="mw-redirect" title="M-346">M-346</a>F, the <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Hawk" title="BAE Systems Hawk">BAE Systems Hawk</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_OV-10" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing OV-10">Boeing OV-10</a>X, a <a href="/wiki/Boeing/Saab_T-X" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing/Saab T-X">Boeing/Saab T-X</a> variant, a Lockheed Martin/<a href="/wiki/KAI_T-50" class="mw-redirect" title="KAI T-50">KAI T-50</a> variant, the <a href="/wiki/Thrush_Model_660" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrush Model 660">Iomax Archangel</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Air_Tractor_AT-802#Armed_version" title="Air Tractor AT-802">L3 Technologies OA-8 Longsword</a>, the Northrop Grumman/<a href="/wiki/Scaled_Composites_ARES" title="Scaled Composites ARES">Scaled Composites ARES</a>, the <a href="/wiki/KAI_KT-1" class="mw-redirect" title="KAI KT-1">KAI KA-1</a>, the <a href="/wiki/TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F" title="TAI Hürkuş">TAI Hürkuş</a>-C, and the <a href="/wiki/FMA_IA_58_Pucar%C3%A1" title="FMA IA 58 Pucará">FMA IA 58 Pucará</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-AW170322_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AW170322-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The South African high-wing, twin-boom pusher turboprop <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Mwari" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramount Mwari">Paramount Mwari</a> developed with Boeing could be evaluated too, but Boeing won't take part of the flight demonstration.<sup id="cite_ref-AW170329_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AW170329-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lockheed neither, as the T-50A may not meet runway and fuel burn requirements, but this isn't ruling out one or the other participating in OA-X later.<sup id="cite_ref-AW170408_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AW170408-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Textron_AirLand_Scorpion_at_2015_RIAT_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion_at_2015_RIAT_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Textron_AirLand_Scorpion_at_2015_RIAT_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion_at_2015_RIAT_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Textron_AirLand_Scorpion_at_2015_RIAT_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion_at_2015_RIAT_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Textron_AirLand_Scorpion_at_2015_RIAT_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1616" data-file-height="1032" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion" title="Textron AirLand Scorpion">Textron AirLand Scorpion</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Four contenders were displayed on Aug. 9 : the <a href="/wiki/Textron_Scorpion" class="mw-redirect" title="Textron Scorpion">Textron Scorpion</a> jet, Embraer/Sierra Nevada <a href="/wiki/A-29_Super_Tucano" class="mw-redirect" title="A-29 Super Tucano">A-29 Super Tucano</a>, Textron <a href="/wiki/AT-6B" class="mw-redirect" title="AT-6B">AT-6B</a> and L3 Longsword turboprops, graded on basic surface attack and close air support, both including at night, daytime ground assault and rescue escort; but also austere environment performance, rapid turn rate, weapons qualifications, sensors and communication systems, low field operating costs and affordable upfront procurement cost.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2018, after selecting the two finalists, the US Air Force decided against holding a planned combat demonstration to aid in selecting an aircraft type on combat performance, and opted instead to work closely together with the manufacturers of the two selected finalist aircraft to determine the best aircraft and proceed with rapid acquisition.<sup id="cite_ref-FlightGlobalFinalists_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FlightGlobalFinalists-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DefenseNewsFinalists_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DefenseNewsFinalists-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JanesFinalists_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JanesFinalists-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_stage">Second stage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second stage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 2018, after deciding to forgo a combat demonstration, the US Air Force decided to advance with a second phase of the LAAR program. The second phase involves examining sustainment requirements, the ability to network with friendly aircraft, and operating costs.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renewed_attention,_FY_2020_NDAA_amendment"><span id="Renewed_attention.2C_FY_2020_NDAA_amendment"></span>Renewed attention, FY 2020 NDAA amendment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Renewed attention, FY 2020 NDAA amendment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 2019, SOCOM Commander Gen. Richard Clark testified before the House of Representatives that "light attack is a need for SOCOM, and I think it's a need for our nation," arguing that light attack aircraft would be useful both to US forces themselves and to smaller allied forces.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October of that year, the Air Force released final requests for proposal specifying the purchase of 1-3 AT-6 and A-29 aircraft. SOCOM would take control of the A-29s, but only for use in developing a curriculum to train pilots from partner nations. Similarly, Air Combat Command would receive the AT-6s, but only for further testing and development of "exportable, tactical networks."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though lawmakers had expressed displeasure with the Air Force's handling of the program before this, the final RFP secured passage of an amendment to the FY 2020 NDAA, giving U.S. SOCOM the authority to purchase light attack aircraft using funds the Air Force had been given for the project.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amendment grants the Commander of U.S. SOCOM the authority to procure light attack aircraft, should the Commander certify to congressional defense committees that "a mission capability gap and special-operations-forces-peculiar acquisition requirement exists which can be mitigated with procurement of a light attack aircraft capability."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NDAA also provides for the type certification of light attack aircraft, should it become necessary. As the A-29 is currently the only aircraft type-certified by the US Military for light attack, this provision allows SOCOM to choose either the A-29 or AT-6, and obtain certification afterward.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Project_Cancellation">Project Cancellation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Project Cancellation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In early 2020, the Air Force announced its decision to halt its light attack program. Air Force spokeswoman Ann Stefanek stated that the service would continue with plans to use existing funds to buy two aircraft apiece from Textron and Sierra Nevada Corp. These planes, however, will be used as test beds for "continued experimentation on exportable network/data link capabilities for allies and partners," not as prototypes for a potential larger buy.<sup id="cite_ref-defensenews1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defensenews1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Requirements">Requirements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Requirements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The selected LAAR aircraft was intended to meet several key requirements, including: </p> <ul><li>Rough field operations. The RFI requires that the aircraft be capable of operating from semi-prepared runways such as grass or dirt surfaces.</li> <li>Defensive package. The aircraft will have to include several defensive measures, including a <a href="/wiki/Missile_Approach_Warning" class="mw-redirect" title="Missile Approach Warning">Missile Approach Warning System</a> (MAWS), a <a href="/wiki/Radar_warning_receiver" title="Radar warning receiver">Radar warning receiver</a> (RWR), and <a href="/wiki/Chaff_(countermeasure)" title="Chaff (countermeasure)">chaff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flare_(countermeasure)" title="Flare (countermeasure)">flare</a> dispensers.</li> <li>Armored cockpit and engine.</li> <li>Long loiter time. The aircraft must be able to fly 5 hour sorties (with 30 minute fuel reserves).</li> <li>Range. The aircraft must have a 900 nautical mile (1600 km) <a href="/wiki/Range_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Range (aircraft)">ferry range</a>.</li> <li>Data link capability. The aircraft is required to have a line-of-sight data link (with beyond line-of-sight desired) capability of transmitting and receiving still and video images.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISTAR" class="mw-redirect" title="ISTAR">Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance</a> (ISR) capabilities. The aircraft will have to laser track and designate targets, as well as track targets using electro-optical and infrared video/still images.</li> <li>Weaponry. The LAAR aircraft will need at least 4 weapons stores capable of carrying a variety of weapons, including 500 lb bombs, 2.75-inch rockets, rail-launched missiles, and illumination flares. The aircraft will also be capable of aerial gunnery, either with an integrated or pylon mounted gun.</li></ul> <p>Desired traits (but not requirements) included: </p> <ul><li>Infrared signature suppression for the engine(s).</li> <li>30,000 ft (9000 m) operational <a href="/wiki/Ceiling_(aeronautics)" title="Ceiling (aeronautics)">ceiling</a>.</li> <li>6,000 ft (1800 m) takeoff and landing distance.</li> <li>Aerobatic capabilities capable of maneuvers such as the <a href="/wiki/Immelmann_turn" title="Immelmann turn">Immelmann turn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Eight">Cuban eight</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Split_S" title="Split S">Split S</a>.</li></ul> <p>Sources:<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competitors">Competitors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Competitors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finalists">Finalists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Finalists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following aircraft entered the competition and were selected for final evaluation after having met all requirements:<sup id="cite_ref-FlightGlobalFinalists_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FlightGlobalFinalists-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DefenseNewsFinalists_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DefenseNewsFinalists-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JanesFinalists_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JanesFinalists-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/T-6_Texan_II" class="mw-redirect" title="T-6 Texan II">Hawker Beechcraft AT-6B</a></dt></dl> <p>The AT-6B is a light attack variant of the <a href="/wiki/T-6_Texan_II" class="mw-redirect" title="T-6 Texan II">T-6 Texan II</a> trainer aircraft used by the United States Air Force, and as such, it was considered to be a favorite for LAAR program, until it was eliminated in November 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-irreg_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irreg-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aw1_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aw1-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But the USAF later found a mistake in its paperwork.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second contest was initiated and concluded with selection of the A-29 in 2013, to be provided to the Afghan Air Force, with pilots trained in the United States. </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_314_Super_Tucano" title="Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano">A-29 Super Tucano</a></dt></dl> <p>The Embraer Super Tucano is a light attack and reconnaissance aircraft that is already in use by several nations.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> has already leased several of the aircraft to evaluate their suitability in support of special operations missions.<sup id="cite_ref-irreg_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irreg-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Failed_bids">Failed bids</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Failed bids"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following aircraft entered the competition but were denied final evaluation due to not meeting one or more requirements:<sup id="cite_ref-FlightGlobalFinalists_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FlightGlobalFinalists-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DefenseNewsFinalists_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DefenseNewsFinalists-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JanesFinalists_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JanesFinalists-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion" title="Textron AirLand Scorpion">Textron AirLand Scorpion</a></dt></dl> <p>In addition to the AT-6, Textron will demonstrate the capabilities of their Scorpion twin-engine two-seat attack jet, expected to easily outperform the propeller planes. Textron secretly put together the Scorpion with off-the-shelf aircraft parts in just two year’s time, and presumably would require more time and money to put it into production than the AT-6 or A-29.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/OV-10_Bronco#Possible_modernized_variant" class="mw-redirect" title="OV-10 Bronco">OV-10X</a></dt></dl> <p>Boeing proposed an updated version of their OV-10 Bronco aircraft, currently called the OV-10X for the LAAR competition.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bronco2_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bronco2-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aermacchi_M-346_(code_MT55219)_arrives_RIAT_Fairford_13July2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Aermacchi_M-346_%28code_MT55219%29_arrives_RIAT_Fairford_13July2017.jpg/220px-Aermacchi_M-346_%28code_MT55219%29_arrives_RIAT_Fairford_13July2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Aermacchi_M-346_%28code_MT55219%29_arrives_RIAT_Fairford_13July2017.jpg/330px-Aermacchi_M-346_%28code_MT55219%29_arrives_RIAT_Fairford_13July2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Aermacchi_M-346_%28code_MT55219%29_arrives_RIAT_Fairford_13July2017.jpg/440px-Aermacchi_M-346_%28code_MT55219%29_arrives_RIAT_Fairford_13July2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2917" data-file-height="1775" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Alenia_Aermacchi_M-346_Master" title="Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master">Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master</a></figcaption></figure> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/US_Aircraft_A-67_Dragon" title="US Aircraft A-67 Dragon">A-67 Dragon</a></dt></dl> <p>The A-67 Dragon is a <a href="/wiki/Counter-insurgency" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-insurgency">Counter-insurgency</a> (COIN) Aircraft currently in development and is slated to begin <a href="/wiki/Low_rate_initial_production" title="Low rate initial production">low rate initial production</a> in the 4th quarter of 2010. The A-67 can achieve 11 hours of loiter on target on internal fuel and can achieve air speeds ranging from 85 to 370 knots.<sup id="cite_ref-Bronco2_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bronco2-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Air_Tractor_AT-802" title="Air Tractor AT-802">Air Tractor AT-802</a>U</dt></dl> <p>The militarized version of this crop-duster will include up to 11 hardpoints under the wing and body for bombs, rockets, and machine guns. The Air Tractor aircraft is not planned to include an ejection seat or pressurization systems, both of which are mentioned in the Air Force RFI, but the company predicts that their proposal will cost half as much as other competitors.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Alenia_Aermacchi_M-346_Master" title="Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master">Alenia Aermacchi M-346</a></dt></dl> <p>The M-346 Master was the first jet-powered aircraft proposed for the competition, developed by the Italian <a href="/wiki/Alenia_Aermacchi" title="Alenia Aermacchi">Alenia Aermacchi</a> company, and is powered by a pair of Honeywell F124 turbofan engines. The effective range of the aircraft currently is reported to be 1,890 km (1,170 mi) while its armament configuration is centered around nine hardpoints.<sup id="cite_ref-AFMag_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFMag-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Light_Attack/Armed_Reconnaissance&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=b1732e28ed804b5d1cc5c2c7315a92f2&tab=core&_cview=1">"Light Air Support (LAS) Aircraft - Solicitation Number: FA8637-10-R-6000."</a> <i>Air Force Materiel Command</i>, 12 August 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfi-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfi_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfi_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfi_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfi_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbo.gov/index?print_preview=1&s=opportunity&mode=form&id=b30065477e7b9159bb2687f2cc2a3667&tab=core&tabmode=list">Air Combat Command (ACC) Light Attack/Armed Reconnaissance (LAAR)</a> (2009). Request for Information. July 27, 2009. Accessed February 18, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rivals_not_deterred-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rivals_not_deterred_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rivals_not_deterred_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Trimble, Stephen (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/09/15/347341/rivals-not-deterred-by-usaf-shift-on-turboprop-fighters.html">"Rivals not deterred by USAF shift on turboprop fighters"</a>. <i>Flight International</i>. 15 September 2010. 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Retrieved: 28 October 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thesis-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thesis_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thesis_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thesis_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tittel, Steven J. (Major, USAF) (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131213031241/http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA510947">Cost, Capability, and the Hunt for a Lightweight Ground Attack Aircraft</a>. Master's Thesis, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. 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href="http://www.airforcetimes.com/news/2013/02/dn-super-tucano-wins-afghanistan-light-air-support-bid-022713/">Super Tucano wins Afghan light air support bid</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130410175316/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20130308/DEFREG02/303080015/Beechcraft-Again-Challenge-USAF-LAS-Decision">"Beechcraft To Again Challenge USAF LAS Decision."</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130410180148/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20130315/DEFREG02/303150011/USAF-Overrides-Stop-Work-Afghan-LAS-Contract">"USAF Overrides Stop Work on Afghan LAS Contract."</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span 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