Primary Sources

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class="page-title-wrap"> <h1 class="page-title">Primary Sources</h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 horizons"> <p>Our primary sources repository contains primary legislation for core areas of IP interest, including patents, trade secrets, designs, trademarks and copyright. Use it to access documents pertinent to your research and support your findings with relevant sources.</p> <p>Terminology and legal structure may differ across jurisdictions, so depending on the jurisdiction, primary legislation may comprise acts, statutes, codes and ordinances.</p> <hr /> <div class='react-root theme-IAM2' data-contentroot='https://www.iam-media.com' data-apiroot='https://www.lexology.com' data-apirootpath='https://www.lexology.com' component='document-centre' data-token='eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE3MzUxMzM1MjQsImRhdGEiOnsiSXNBdXRoZW50aWNhdGVkIjpmYWxzZSwiQ29uc3VtZXJJZCI6IjNmZmI2MzI1LTFkN2UtNDZmYi1iMjJiLWRjNWFlOWIxODQzZiIsIlNldHRpbmdJZCI6bnVsbCwiQXBwSWQiOiJkb2N1bWVudC1jZW50cmUiLCJQcm9kdWN0IjoiSUFNIiwiQ29uZmlnIjp7ImRpc2FibGVSZWxhdGVkQ29tbWVudGFyeVNlYXJjaCI6dHJ1ZSwiZGlzYWJsZVJlbGF0ZWRDb21tZW50YXJ5U2VhcmNoQm94Ijp0cnVlfSwiVXNlciI6eyJFeHRlcm5hbEZlYXR1cmVzIjpbXX0sIlVuaXF1ZUlkIjo5OCwiUHJvZHVjZXIiOiJUb2tlbkFQSSIsIkVudiI6InByb2QiLCJVc2VySWQiOm51bGx9fQ.oRwVrF-R4ut0knGm-s53-getKu7z_g1S2V4N6tXYCRo' data-approotpath='/tools/primary-sources'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row mr-0 ml-0 justify-content-center"> <div class="subscription col-12 align-items-center d-flex flex-row mr-0 mt-4"> <div class="col-8"> <p>Unlock unlimited access to all IAM content</p> </div> <div class="col-4 d-flex justify-content-end pr-0"> <a href="https://www.iam-media.com/info/subscribe" class="btn btn-subscribe">Subscribe Now</a> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row no-margin no-padding"> <div class="col-md-2 footer-menu pl-0"> <img class="logo" src="https://www.iam-media.com/images/logos/iam2-logo.svg" alt="IAM logo" height="95"> </div> <div class="col-md-2 footer-menu "> <ul class="footer-menu-list"> <li> <h3 class="footer-menu-title">About</h3> </li> <li> <a href="/info/about" >Who we are</a> </li> <li> <a href="/info/contact" >Contact</a> </li> <li> <a href="/info/privacy" >Privacy policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/info/code-of-ethics" >Code of ethics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/info/terms-and-conditions" >Terms & conditions</a> </li> <li> <a href="/events/content" >Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/market" >IAM Market</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.iphalloffame.com/" target="_blank">IP Hall of Fame</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2 footer-menu "> <ul class="footer-menu-list"> <li> <h3 class="footer-menu-title">News & Analysis</h3> </li> <li> <a href="/news-and-analysis" >All News & Analysis</a> </li> <li> <a href="/long-read" >Long Reads</a> </li> <li> <a href="/opinion" >Opinion</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2 footer-menu "> <ul class="footer-menu-list"> <li> <h3 class="footer-menu-title">Data & Reports</h3> </li> <li> <a href="/report/special-reports" >Special Reports</a> </li> <li> <a href="/report/panel-reports" >Panel Reports</a> </li> <li> <a href="/data-analysis" >Data Analysis</a> </li> <li> <a href="/series/data" >Data Hub</a> </li> <li> <a href="/tools/unified-patent-court" >UPC Library</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2 footer-menu "> <ul class="footer-menu-list"> <li> <h3 class="footer-menu-title">Rankings</h3> </li> <li> <a href="/rankings/patent-1000" >Patent 1000</a> </li> <li> <a href="/survey/iam-global-leaders/2025" >IAM Global Leaders</a> </li> <li> <a href="/rankings/strategy-300" >Strategy 300</a> </li> <li> <a href="/survey/strategy-300-global-leaders/2025" >Strategy 300 Global Leaders</a> </li> <li> <a href="/tools/analytics" >Patent 1000 Analytics</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2 footer-menu pr-0"> <ul class="footer-menu-list"> <li> <h3 class="footer-menu-title">Insight</h3> </li> <li> <a href="/insight/guides" >Guides</a> </li> <li> <a href="/insight/reviews" >Reviews</a> </li> <li> <a href="/insight/market-insight" >Market Insight</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="footer-menu-list social"> <li> <h3 class="footer-menu-title">Social</h3> </li> <li class="footer-social-item"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/intellectual-asset-management-magazine" target="_blank"> <i class="fab fa-linkedin"></i> </a> </li> <li class="footer-social-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/IAM_Alerts" target="_blank"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="0.875rem" style="display: inline-block; 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