CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134f0b769f2f8ca',cH: '8K0n7vLgbSp2l9FTieJYMNionvoVCmG6NM3xfC0negw-1739786530-1.2.1.1-xNCuYgtGVyGE1e_spa1NkVUpTEd4X6Hk2PDYLtUw8UpNrXE1Frg_lC.9cnWj5Fcu',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=personality&__cf_chl_tk=Jg7QBEY513VWWe4Te8AeFwKbY3usFy5d.XsNDiPHDrY-1739786530-1.0.1.1-gSzu0YlNaSjFKef8wNX.rcPI6fDZOu6gFuP7yLChIX0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739786530',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=personality&__cf_chl_f_tk=Jg7QBEY513VWWe4Te8AeFwKbY3usFy5d.XsNDiPHDrY-1739786530-1.0.1.1-gSzu0YlNaSjFKef8wNX.rcPI6fDZOu6gFuP7yLChIX0",md: "Y9Q56msL7yXcKkNveW9WWHXxJrxJzkX1jOS3j1C1VeQ-1739786530-1.2.1.1-mh6sn53v6jDUeizJz.6bCB1L_OI0hgE6pAtFc38B74NZ1aOZQ98CTbz2XiNqNZRV4GcXRJr2lueVXkZ_3TxOEENixTHJHydpW3Ovvg0eTVTl3m6zxf7wbUNWpHb_9qBarZKjMYchUUpZrEnqJUupbR7J0BdgN4ypzQ.ynJZgjuBtlg8xBur2ETcGdZVrXzUhoti1vz1kSkFhG1uTh6WkiTOyZlCZjDO9DdL9xq8u61VxbJQAV.h6rlktQ.8_nQVNcPyp1Y.K8sU3mdAoYbY6R.gwQim_EpscESvQSwbYkp2ZWc9J_qewYM1SDQvTGgBMBEdaiGF1frpXgn1bu1J4MMOx81q.r_QFKk4kyigO4_6RQLHWOcE3Zyuxo8lu4xyvs9BiYSYgVluDXx7qxNgB4FFCP1WlPEH0qSXHnpXCiNmyCF7zLudOmte_iaMyXWv0Jil9cm.oTw.7sJMFmTlrZVw95OovHbuOUqsUBY1JmM5TdSIPrIfB.kPVHBKJcoQBfkua3.dAnoyWvx5oEGcAjODbUL5zGNEeXzYUANB.J6FFKKVWePzws04QbTsUF_WGgN9ATI0LFZJaN90hVC0zpFYp4lhmBCyFjaRoJfQydQmr4lKs.cqu9qxP9XBCdl6Cjj6y812hWIAOKOijrurlFJFaumsmEZTCJ2NMbd2VpnToZj8D1Nlh.ylHA20TV7phNx8Uhn8A3P3_pnV5hxY054m4aKUps8Kke8F1mqtrJj9LH1WdoqYkFSfvLzvob6UWQDYYnxQbyI0p_gpeKCfDgtc6wfa1ROkg6b.Cxhx5khlGDiros0BviMc4kf3mqF5shJ4kwu0ffQxk44TleihbN7wDt_V6aLHlKoSqsbHdDabbNgJfdZvsCM2ispWGl3T4jJB_I71F8ofNEmtU1_xXO82aX70IuGdb30YqG1sFkbmVjde3aQIGC3yz_jMy.J5Oqu8.9Iycq3mHhUjRLOda.mntuFRu4aEm_i.7WsI9bMN0CSUy_lM2bKTiYHftQBOLpiB1xr5ZiOx8SvsRl8U40sKJr7ltJk92ea9vyOgLlJpvcY32KnTkAY.VuX6IGOp7bED1Z2wCyxjASyxdQTcYDaCzMrCZHvpoypsJ_TwDCGupOMBG37PZakbAJklo2.sKduMN7KwJTyinl3.bjA7P2LCzPhWMjOf6dKZ_pI7vpNKXh8gW4fdE7gyzUf0_xHfGVLuGTuSgywEap78OixOmXGPiCXAhG4oLxuWIVFiwr1LnEOoqvQTqoz9q0AInS8RwJGLoWRynJiKFHG6stShO.XDQCkMexvsOzszmWYLZMq7YZl5LxxnydsCNBmsaD566uS3e881frZWLJHssfGBPj0E_pzomzaryPmBGqcuTB0r_Qf2epuTWihO.fU3dSqplA7BDCQ84Tk5lwLsMLeu4doeSh93TlEs_6qocXJ2FJMMqMt39niAVMWgFrg9EepLR028oMlFzl3v6PkQxxpHvBbLtw5KLnJSS3GBvyYmLf0gU3woThJ6f28UXd5wrHlOgxcnsE1NDZAvszRFE4hCgBnfhr6ZCIhMtskObSt2UHqEo0a3cARHPLknkMfjS5sPudymAMTMrWWeHGmOa68WQVsK5egqcWN9gQHdg4421UdmqyaW_N.zajLArWVOiwARjPzyggvg1o.zcYE8G0ayrHbYDHWaZuwgHdB3s9HA9siI6dj8apZT_.bBfbdy1egBllGbMM.jh4XGmY66ubVh2FTWWHjOM8zH1hsb1s923tmC6GbUsfbFS0mH5dtaulnMrSLLh8L3F4kCurZcWIAc29s6PAAObL_EFyY..Mr3m_K2POArk5XN3UWbogIs0poqriUx2MmN9a86Vhrddee521RlpV0tXj6Hvj7ULfGkD5xDOQ4DrY4hzXTWnyRbGLrRq7jr9e9dGJqbGxoEOK2GC2w",mdrd: "wkqr8PX3fk3U_KLXA51BkEwO00x.od_cDRLuXG.EALU-1739786530-1.2.1.1-NimZ98kuoW8oPVCtz5JTSj59nWqiagA4OGMhqy_Cmc2QN_TKT6_u4jFESrCRYWXPWeYhWgD5Z_L1Fmg7RwRWINFWuj_t4ajT0pa1B1tjGo6PIyY_YpRM3.s9JorAmaGRenMlOxueO0TU8lSPj1S5KcIWLg9DduZ9Bmn9BGdCTTQyUjmCzbvs0d9PJvtLBJ_SiPavm.wwoPgL0cuCjqNljt0E6IU7KJxkRL0vCokqPy4hkGnREVTYWg_lrjCJ2gpxI4kzZWXKIWL1oS6S2gYuL0KBWSxew0f9Tpaobl3pYe940IyZTO9f5KSgwjuV12LxFe.sfaBnWw0EqGlQqkQerMvVBvYZ5O948bBlc6yttx8Ac02d0dZ8SYnqnXm8gfutQjeEPAF3F8_58ARI7bO_YxRQMmp6FT.uS3uqQpNpCs7IwOQX7UQaiAxqPDLs752H5avBb3lw6nLUGUUF7OSdRCTGKbqWH7CvqJgLcjaoNAVp1fLE2NbC5sNIOx400cHi9xSBiMgxg8E2Q.RRnIaXJEgpLmypVZQc4ieAZJFDsnEUgtZjZQqjF7QNO8bokVzToRgUfeDc19I_wGerroEl9Vm2wSiRjHbpvpyVLwbeHD1k6brX2F1Azpvw_D0E4S00VQFjU7.5dWWH1eDPDo9kmeVsk5wsBsb04hIwifpe6RET_2ckjjdueWPBUtHPcz5zSHwv3nAIbJFSDQmIOQMd5XR_Fix4Ng0OtTDwgI1PA9WlYGxTchCQisAm_zqe4owIoZR50_MU04qB8ZJvMz_kWay.6gudd2l.0a5iZh._SoHi8xCNhEtueCt7anlqvzv_uy9P9z4Pl3.yyTs7mupCWayS2oWC5QS1VdvQO3cAwXFAtT3Asv6lFjEoYcDJk.6mhMjUXPiQgND8D47GxQADIQsxzXHfE9FAn2KRnICKqCAkcPzrg4OpXaEVbJbqF8nAgy0jpgoVXshakst9m7X6kUxMoyIzuVeCtNqNOHOP9fzDOfh54rdDjVxysGEldN_dZx9V.6QJ9_eFcUJfEm1jyl6FvJWF4mCYQkTm0GWCbqo9Y1JYxjWwmowalwBIs_ATcni43os6rb76yEtJfH7CyaxcyKR4XEsADPhsfrNekMLTyaw4fBs8w3fW5lq9BPgwB8MKGcz6.iiRXJoxwtfna54FwcOOLTwsG4Bwhm3GLKmuEiQukoYT8YMG0QlJlnOMHV8unRKXJ3H6z6fk_F_cCUPuSiyqifrmNONpg_nArXUbLzEhgvR9B7tP0S_QgT3HFGKh8Dqi8f.RAXP5oOuy5lOo.T8bnwRIlXNcVoGhFHuG1BiQQVAYpIQdDbAQhTL4sdQJaoaaCcaT_z7IP9kLLVG_LhZqch0gvG..4.eu7Oq4vloLo07BtlnEC_YvCw9sSEZOYUfnA8bgPScshT2Wc8mJzRQVU6JjCRLTJZoR5fpR9BDm1NV4lIJi0_nP8aeEgAFawBxMUT3jZnahpksZKSTDSBx12KdGcwklydUPFNnIsHywdoalAJJG3QlJlhmahQY9HfKp0lP49YhP9GN3bZ776emqbC_sr58u.PwaVIHaIogohVrWzfQP2iNEjS8UCxH_Ih9x.V8FIqBfgdeGo2OuYZu.vEKeBt3FKYYAWpNxa174YUHucL2xKy3.2CW.JX2uTxZvk_Re0TI28p2GTMQsFKjFDy3O0w2m9cdt3d4lKuo59ZLhTzggGGObkk2NuXsFqAa6ss6Dg17BNU10KlPYi1Qcf9x0nRpxfMxOUjjipg1FdIJ32qT6wPD_OFF.EEsGSzni2Z_Bt_7bLNHR9iEbIvkZ7zmvYPOX8VOJ8Lhcq3Bw3uMZ87JZEJnLMUm5wvWOYVXhnqwfkxAZEw2gCD.cjEZLOb_L8vgKceRpJJmS_wFVDV1_0bW1CwVfM0Ka9mg0fQTjhSB3.JvnYYw5KXpV_kHmDaxdKQqrAOKa8MVNrEsTc9enVV4MTP.fGNxcC8UCoxx2XIaraxzF752Eaw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134f0b769f2f8ca';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=personality&__cf_chl_rt_tk=Jg7QBEY513VWWe4Te8AeFwKbY3usFy5d.XsNDiPHDrY-1739786530-1.0.1.1-gSzu0YlNaSjFKef8wNX.rcPI6fDZOu6gFuP7yLChIX0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>