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searchaux" style="display:none">British businessman (1860–1951)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#efefef"><span class="fn">Edward William Barton-Wright</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bartitsu_montage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bartitsu_montage.jpg/220px-Bartitsu_montage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bartitsu_montage.jpg/330px-Bartitsu_montage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bartitsu_montage.jpg/440px-Bartitsu_montage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="690" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A montage of techniques from Bartitsu. Barton-Wright is pictured in the middle.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Edward William Wright<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1860-11-08</span>)</span>8 November 1860<br /><a href="/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Madras">Madras</a>, India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">13 September 1951<span style="display:none">(1951-09-13)</span> (aged 90)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kingston-upon-Thames" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston-upon-Thames">Kingston-upon-Thames</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Style</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bartitsu" title="Bartitsu">Bartitsu</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Edward William Barton-Wright</b> <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineering" title="Civil engineering">CE</a>, <a href="/wiki/FRSA" class="mw-redirect" title="FRSA">FRSA</a>, MJS (member of the <a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Society_of_the_UK" title="The Japan Society of the UK">Japan Society</a>) (8 November 1860 – 13 September 1951) was an English entrepreneur specialising in both <a href="/wiki/Self_defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Self defence">self defence</a> training and <a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapy</a>. He is remembered today as one of the first Europeans to both learn and teach <a href="/wiki/Japanese_martial_arts" title="Japanese martial arts">Japanese martial arts</a> and as a pioneer of the concept of <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_martial_arts" title="Hybrid martial arts">hybrid martial arts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born Edward William Wright on 8 November 1860 in <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Madras">Madras</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> E.W. Wright was educated at <a href="/wiki/Dedham,_Essex" title="Dedham, Essex">Dedham</a> Grammar School, Essex,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at <a href="/wiki/Lens,_Pas-de-Calais" title="Lens, Pas-de-Calais">Lens, Pas-de-Calais</a> in France, and in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then worked as a clerk for the <a href="/wiki/Lancashire_and_Yorkshire_Railway" title="Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway">Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway</a> before embarking on a career as a civil and mining engineer. He worked as manager for his father's mining interests based near <a href="/wiki/Odemira" title="Odemira">Odemira</a> in the Alentejo region of Portugal, from 1886 to 1892, without success.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1892, he legally assumed the name Edward William Barton-Wright.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Returning to England in 1892, he promoted a company, Barton Wright Ltd., antimony specialists, at Millwall, London, but was declared personally bankrupt for the first time the following year. He then worked for mining companies in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Straits_Settlements" title="Straits Settlements">Straits Settlements</a> (modern day Malaysia and Singapore).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Establishing_Bartitsu">Establishing Bartitsu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Establishing Bartitsu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 1950 interview Barton-Wright professed to having had a "lifelong interest in the arts of self defence" and earlier interviews indicated that he had studied various fighting systems during his travels as a young man. While working as an <a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">antimony</a> <a href="/wiki/Smelting" title="Smelting">smelting</a> specialist for the E.H. Hunter Company in <a href="/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe">Kobe</a>, Japan (c. 1895–1898), Barton-Wright studied <a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">jujutsu</a> in at least two styles, including the Shinden Fudo Ryū in <a href="/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe">Kobe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Kodokan judo</a> in Tokyo.<sup id="cite_ref-wolf_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wolf-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon returning to England in early 1898, Barton-Wright combined these martial arts to form his own method of self-defence training, which he called <a href="/wiki/Bartitsu" title="Bartitsu">Bartitsu</a>. Over the next two years, he also added elements of British <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a>, French <a href="/wiki/Savate" title="Savate">savate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/La_canne" class="mw-redirect" title="La canne">la canne</a> (<a href="/wiki/Stick_fighting" class="mw-redirect" title="Stick fighting">stick fighting</a>) style of Swiss master <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Vigny" title="Pierre Vigny">Pierre Vigny</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1899, Barton-Wright wrote an article titled "How to Pose as a Strong Man", detailing the mechanical and leverage principles employed in performing various feats of strength.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also produced a two-part essay entitled "the New Art of Self Defence" which was published in both the English and American editions of <i><a href="/wiki/Pearson%27s_Magazine" title="Pearson's Magazine">Pearson's Magazine</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Excerpts of Barton-Wright's articles were re-printed in numerous British, American, New Zealand and Australian newspapers. </p><p>In 1900, Barton-Wright established the Bartitsu School of Arms and Physical Culture at 67b <a href="/wiki/Shaftesbury_Avenue" title="Shaftesbury Avenue">Shaftesbury Avenue</a> in London's <a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a> district. The school offered classes in a range of self-defence disciplines and <a href="/wiki/Combat_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat sports">combat sports</a> as well as various <a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapies</a> involving the electrical application of heat, light, <a href="/wiki/Vibration" title="Vibration">vibration</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Radiation" title="Radiation">radiation</a>. Club members included soldiers, athletes, actors, politicians and some aristocrats. During the next few years, Barton-Wright organised numerous exhibitions of self-defence techniques and also promoted <a href="/wiki/Tournament" title="Tournament">tournament</a> competitions at <a href="/wiki/Music_halls" class="mw-redirect" title="Music halls">music halls</a> throughout London, in which his Bartitsu Club champions were challenged by wrestlers in various European styles.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1901, Barton-Wright published additional articles that detailed the Bartitsu method of fighting with a walking stick or umbrella.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventure_of_the_Empty_House" title="The Adventure of the Empty House">The Adventure of the Empty House</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Arthur_Conan_Doyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Arthur Conan Doyle">Sir Arthur Conan Doyle</a>, the author of the <a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a> stories, referred to Bartitsu (misspelled as "<a href="/wiki/Baritsu" class="mw-redirect" title="Baritsu">baritsu</a>") in explaining how Holmes had defeated <a href="/wiki/Professor_Moriarty" title="Professor Moriarty">Professor Moriarty</a> in hand-to-hand combat at the brink of the <a href="/wiki/Reichenbach_Falls" title="Reichenbach Falls">Reichenbach Falls</a>. </p><p>During early 1902, Barton-Wright organised and promoted the "Great Anglo-Japanese Tournament" tour, which featured Bartitsu demonstrations and contests in provincial centers including Nottingham, the Sandringham Military Base, Oxford, Cambridge University and Lancashire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1903, the Bartitsu Club had closed down. Subsequently, Barton-Wright mostly abandoned self-defence instruction in favour of his interests in <a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapy</a>. He established a series of clinics at various locations throughout London, and continued to work as a physical therapist for the remainder of his career. </p><p>His therapeutic business, specialising in the use of various electrical appliances to treat the pain of <a href="/wiki/Gout" title="Gout">gout</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rheumatism" title="Rheumatism">rheumatism</a>, was viewed with suspicion by the London medical establishment and was subject to bankruptcy proceedings on several occasions during the first three decades of the 20th century. These included a damaging and acrimonious suit brought about by Wilson Rae, a former employee who had become a business rival and who was subsequently jailed on charges of fraud and bigamy. Barton-Wright's financial problems were compounded by a series of investments in unsuccessful inventions and other ventures, including an electrical display planned for an <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> <a href="/wiki/Music_hall" title="Music hall">music hall</a>. </p><p>E.W. Barton-Wright was not included in his father's <a href="/wiki/Last_will_and_testament" class="mw-redirect" title="Last will and testament">last will and testament</a>, although he did execute a portion of the will on behalf of one of his brothers, who was named as a beneficiary, in 1915.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Comparatively little is known about Barton-Wright's life during the period 1930–1950. From 1938 onwards, his medical clinic was in his own home, at No. 50 Surbiton Road, <a href="/wiki/Surbiton" title="Surbiton">Surbiton</a>. He is referred to as a "famous physiotherapist and judoist" in <i>Attempted Rescue</i>, the 1966 autobiography of English horror writer Robert Aickman, who recalled Barton-Wright as an acquaintance of his great-aunt's. </p><p>In 1950, Barton-Wright was interviewed by <a href="/wiki/Gunji_Koizumi" title="Gunji Koizumi">Gunji Koizumi</a>, the founder of the London <a href="/wiki/Budokwai" title="Budokwai">Budokwai</a> judo club. Later that year he was presented to an audience at a Budokwai gathering, being introduced as the pioneer of Japanese martial arts in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Barton-Wright died on 13 September 1951 at his home at 50 Surbiton Road, <a href="/wiki/Kingston-upon-Thames" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston-upon-Thames">Kingston-upon-Thames</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>, England,<sup id="cite_ref-kingston.gov.uk_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kingston.gov.uk-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aged ninety, unmarried and in circumstances of some poverty. He was buried on 17 September in an unmarked grave at <a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Thames" title="Kingston upon Thames">Kingston</a> Cemetery in Surrey.<sup id="cite_ref-kingston.gov.uk_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kingston.gov.uk-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commemorations">Commemorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Commemorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was not until the late 1990s that E.W. Barton-Wright's historical significance was recognised, largely through research carried out by British martial arts historians Richard Bowen and Graham Noble and then by members of the Bartitsu Society. </p><p>In 2004, members of the Bartitsu Society initiated a fund-raising project towards commemorating Barton-Wright, in honour of his pioneering work in the martial arts.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Barton-Wright was the subject of dedications in both the 2005 and 2008 volumes of <i>The Bartitsu Compendium</i> and the annual Bartitsu School of Arms and Physical Culture conference (2011–present) is also dedicated to his memory. His life and career are detailed in the 2011 documentary <i>Bartitsu: The Lost Martial Art of Sherlock Holmes</i>. </p><p>In June 2012, Barton-Wright was commemorated in a wall display in the Sherlock Holmes Collection at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120609140343/http://www.westminster.gov.uk/services/libraries/special/sherlock/">Marylebone Library</a>, London and in an entry in the Oxford <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a>. In February 2013 he was prominently featured in the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Four" title="BBC Four">BBC Four</a> Timeshift documentary <i>Everybody was Kung Fu Fighting: the Rise of the Martial Arts in Britain</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_culture">Popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cyrus Barker, the protagonist of novelist Will Thomas' <i>Barker and Llewellyn</i> mystery series, is partly inspired by E.W. Barton-Wright, as is the villainous Sir Callum Fielding-Shaw in Adrienne Kress' young adult novel <i>The Friday Society</i>. </p><p>E. W. Barton-Wright and Bartitsu are featured in the <i>Ministry of Peculiar Occurrences</i> steampunk novels by Pip Ballantyne and Tee Morris. </p><p>Barton-Wright is depicted as an ally and trainer of a secret society of female bodyguards who protect the leaders of the radical <a href="/wiki/Suffragettes" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffragettes">suffragettes</a> in the graphic novel trilogy <i><a href="/wiki/Suffrajitsu:_Mrs._Pankhurst%27s_Amazons" title="Suffrajitsu: Mrs. Pankhurst's Amazons">Suffrajitsu: Mrs. Pankhurst's Amazons</a></i> (2015), in the spin-off novellas <i>Carried Away</i>, <i>The Second-Story Girl</i> and <i>The Isle of Dogs</i> and also in the 2015 short story <i>The Wrestler and the Diamond Ring</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judo_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Judo in the United Kingdom">Judo in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fightland.vice.com/blog/ufc-origins-victorian-london">"The Mixed Martial Arts of Victorian London | FIGHTLAND"</a>. <i>Fightland</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fightland&rft.atitle=The+Mixed+Martial+Arts+of+Victorian+London+%7C+FIGHTLAND&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffightland.vice.com%2Fblog%2Fufc-origins-victorian-london&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+William+Barton-Wright" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.findmypast.co.uk/results/world-records?firstname=edward%20william&lastname=wright&yearofbirth=1860&yearofbirth_offset=0&keywordsplace=vepery">"findmypast.co.uk"</a></span>. <i>search.findmypast.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=search.findmypast.co.uk&rft.atitle=findmypast.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.findmypast.co.uk%2Fresults%2Fworld-records%3Ffirstname%3Dedward%2520william%26lastname%3Dwright%26yearofbirth%3D1860%26yearofbirth_offset%3D0%26keywordsplace%3Dvepery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+William+Barton-Wright" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Census, 1871</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">bankruptcy statement, 1910, NA BT 226/3107</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ADB, Governo Civil, Processos de abandono de minas no concelho de Odemira, 1853–1917, requerimento de 16 de Setembro de 1886; cited in António Martins Quaresma, <i>O rio Mira no sistema portuário do Litoral Alentejano (1851–1918)</i>, Âncora Editora, 2014. See, with details of his early career, Nicholas Mander, <i>Borromean Rings: the Genealogy of the Mander Family</i>, 2011; 2nd edition, revised and enlarged, 2023</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Deed Poll Index, Apr 1892; Times, 2 June</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S.K. Uyensish, <i>Jiu-Jutsu</i>, 1902</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wolf-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wolf_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wolf, Tony (ed.) <i>The Bartitsu Compendium.</i> Lulu Publications, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barton-Wright, E.W. "Ju-jitsu and judo." <i>Transactions of the Japan Society,</i> 1902, v. 5, pp. 261–264.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barton-Wright, E.W. "How to Pose as a Strong Man," <i>Pearson's Magazine</i>, v. 7, pp. 59–66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barton-Wright, E.W. "The New Art of Self-defence: How a Man May Defend Himself against Every Form of Attack," <i>Pearson's Magazine</i>, March 1899, v. 7, pp. 268–275.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ejmas.com/jmanly/articles/2002/jmanlyart_Barton-Wrighta_1202.htm">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barton-Wright, E.W. "The New Art of Self-defence," <i>Pearson's Magazine</i>, April 1899, v. 7, pp. 402–410.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ejmas.com/jmanly/articles/2002/jmanlyart_Barton-Wrightb_1202.htm">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartitsu.org/club.html">Wolf, Tony and Marwood, James. (2006) "The Bartitsu Club."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070603155237/http://www.bartitsu.org/club.html">Archived</a> 3 June 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barton-Wright, E.W. "Self-defence with a Walking Stick," <i>Pearson's Magazine</i>, February 1901, v. 11, pp. 130–139.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ejmas.com/jnc/jncart_barton-wright_0400.htm">[3]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Nicholas Mander, <i>Borromean Rings: the Genealogy of the Mander Family</i>, 2011; 2nd edition, revised and enlarged, 2023</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Koizumi, Gunji. "Facts and History," <i>Budokwai Quarterly Bulletin</i>, July 1950, pp. 17–19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kingston.gov.uk-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kingston.gov.uk_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kingston.gov.uk_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kingston.gov.uk/directory-record/256112/wright-edward">Kingston Burial Register 12_1944-1954</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070602100815/http://www.bartitsu.org/news.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Barton-Wright's Grave Site," February 7, 2007"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartitsu.org/news.html">the original</a> on 2 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Barton-Wright%27s+Grave+Site%2C%22+February+7%2C+2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartitsu.org%2Fnews.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+William+Barton-Wright" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_William_Barton-Wright&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Franz_Nachtegall" title="Franz Nachtegall">Franz Nachtegall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Amor%C3%B3s_y_Ondeano" title="Francisco Amorós y Ondeano">Francisco Amorós y Ondeano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Spiess" title="Adolf Spiess">Adolf Spiess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Topham" title="Thomas Topham">Thomas Topham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_physical_culture" title="Western physical culture">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">European</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Assirati" title="Bert Assirati">Bert Assirati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bankier" title="William Bankier">William Bankier</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward William Barton-Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zishe_Breitbart" title="Zishe Breitbart">Zishe Breitbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Bukh" title="Niels Bukh">Niels Bukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Dane" title="Victor Dane">Victor Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Delsarte" title="François Delsarte">François Delsarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Desbonnet" title="Edmond Desbonnet">Edmond Desbonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Elliot" title="Launceston Elliot">Launceston Elliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Emmott" title="Tony Emmott">Tony Emmott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ferrero" title="Juan Ferrero">Juan Ferrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Fowler" title="Eileen Fowler">Eileen Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Fitzsimmons" title="Bob Fitzsimmons">Bob Fitzsimmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Fri%C5%A1tensk%C3%BD" title="Gustav Frištenský">Gustav Frištenský</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Margaret_Garrud" class="mw-redirect" title="Edith Margaret Garrud">Edith Margaret Garrud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6rner" title="Hermann Görner">Hermann Görner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hackenschmidt" title="George Hackenschmidt">George Hackenschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_H%C3%A9bert" title="Georges Hébert">Georges Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Heidenstam" title="Oscar Heidenstam">Oscar Heidenstam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._A._Hornibrook" title="F. A. Hornibrook">F. A. Hornibrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Inch" title="Thomas Inch">Thomas Inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lees_(bodybuilder)" title="John Lees (bodybuilder)">John Lees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_McLeod_(wrestler)" title="Dan McLeod (wrestler)">Dan McLeod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgen_Peter_M%C3%BCller" title="Jørgen Peter Müller">Jørgen Peter Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartvig_Nissen_(gymnast)" title="Hartvig Nissen (gymnast)">Hartvig Nissen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reg_Park" title="Reg Park">Reg Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pullum" title="William Pullum">William Pullum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Rhodes" title="Joan Rhodes">Joan Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Sandow" title="Eugen Sandow">Eugen Sandow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Saxon" title="Arthur Saxon">Arthur Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schlaffhorst" title="Clara Schlaffhorst">Clara Schlaffhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokol_(sport_organization)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokol (sport organization)">Sokol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Bagot_Stack" title="Mary Bagot Stack">Mary Bagot Stack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Strongfort" title="Lionel Strongfort">Lionel Strongfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxalding" title="Maxalding">Maxalding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Sick" title="Max Sick">Maxick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Saldo" title="Monte Saldo">Monte Saldo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcana" title="Vulcana">Vulcana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Walker_(weightlifter)" title="Ronald Walker (weightlifter)">Ronald Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Diana_Watts" title="Emily Diana Watts">Emily Diana Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Welsh" title="Freddie Welsh">Freddie Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New World</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Agniel" title="Marguerite Agniel">Marguerite Agniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Atlas" title="Charles Atlas">Charles Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Bass" title="Clarence Bass">Clarence Bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Bennett" title="Sanford Bennett">Sanford Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bernard_(yogi)" title="Pierre Bernard (yogi)">Pierre Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Berry_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Berry (author)">Mark Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bonomo_(strongman)" title="Joe Bonomo (strongman)">Joe Bonomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brosius" title="George Brosius">George Brosius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Joseph_Drexel_Biddle_Sr." title="Anthony Joseph Drexel Biddle Sr.">Drexel Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Bjelke_Petersen" title="Marie Bjelke Petersen">Marie Bjelke Petersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blaikie" title="William Blaikie">William Blaikie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bragg" title="Paul Bragg">Paul Bragg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Calvert" title="Alan Calvert">Alan Calvert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Checkley" title="Edwin Checkley">Edwin Checkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Ward_Crampton" title="C. Ward Crampton">C. Ward Crampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Delinger" title="Jack Delinger">Jack Delinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Durlacher" title="Ludwig Durlacher">Ludwig Durlacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eiferman" title="George Eiferman">George Eiferman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrica_Le_Favre" title="Carrica Le Favre">Carrica Le Favre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keene_Fitzpatrick" title="Keene Fitzpatrick">Keene Fitzpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Forest" title="Mark Forest">Mark Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Fury" title="Ed Fury">Ed Fury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Gagnon" title="John B. Gagnon">John B. 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C. Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambika_Charan_Guha" title="Ambika Charan Guha">Ambika Charan Guha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Charan_Guho" title="Jatindra Charan Guho">Jatindra Charan Guho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Hanuman" title="Guru Hanuman">Guru Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._V._Iyer" title="K. V. Iyer">K. V. 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