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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Boyer_Salvador" title="Miguel Boyer Salvador – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Miguel Boyer Salvador" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Boyer" title="Miguel Boyer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Miguel Boyer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%AD%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%AD%CF%81" title="Μιγέλ Μπογιέρ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μιγέλ Μπογιέρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Boyer" title="Miguel Boyer – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Miguel Boyer" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Boyer" title="Miguel Boyer – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Miguel Boyer" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Boyer" title="Miguel Boyer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Miguel Boyer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="ميجيل بوير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميجيل بوير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9C%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ミゲル・ボジェール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミゲル・ボジェール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Boyer" title="Miguel Boyer – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miguel Boyer" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Бойер, Мигель – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бойер, Мигель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Boyer" title="Miguel Boyer – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Miguel Boyer" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E8%80%B6%E5%B0%94" title="米格尔·博耶尔 – Chinese" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Boyer</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Salvador</i>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Spanish economist and politician (1939–2014)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Miguel Boyer</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Miguel_Boyer_en_el_Congreso_de_los_Diputados_(1983).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Miguel_Boyer_en_el_Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%281983%29.jpg/220px-Miguel_Boyer_en_el_Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%281983%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Miguel_Boyer_en_el_Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%281983%29.jpg/330px-Miguel_Boyer_en_el_Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%281983%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Miguel_Boyer_en_el_Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%281983%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="532" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Miguel Boyer in 1983</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Minister of Economy, Treasury and Commerce</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1 December 1982 – 6 July 1985</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Garc%C3%ADa_A%C3%B1overos" title="Jaime García Añoveros">Jaime García Añoveros</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Solchaga" title="Carlos Solchaga">Carlos Solchaga</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Miguel Boyer Salvador</div><br />5 February 1939<br /><a href="/wiki/St._Jean_de_Luz" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Jean de Luz">St. Jean de Luz</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">29 September 2014<span style="display:none">(2014-09-29)</span> (aged 75)<br /><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish people">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party (Spain)">Socialist Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Elena_Arnedo" title="Elena Arnedo">Elena Arnedo</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1964; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1985)<wbr /></div><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Preysler" title="Isabel Preysler">Isabel Preysler</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1987)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Complutense_University_of_Madrid" title="Complutense University of Madrid">Complutense University of Madrid</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Miguel Boyer</b> (5 February 1939 – 29 September 2014) was a Spanish economist and politician, who served as minister of economy, treasury and commerce from 1982 to 1985. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boyer was born in <a href="/wiki/St._Jean_de_Luz" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Jean de Luz">St. Jean de Luz</a>, France, on 5 February 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-Rodgers1999_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rodgers1999-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a graduate of the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Complutense_de_Madrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Complutense de Madrid">Universidad Complutense de Madrid</a> where he studied economics.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also received a degree in physics from the same university.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boyer worked at different banks and institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-E2008_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served as the director of planning for the <a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Explosivos_R%C3%ADo_Tinto" title="Unión Explosivos Río Tinto">Unión Explosivos Río Tinto</a> and later as a senior economist at the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Spain" title="Bank of Spain">Bank of Spain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rwigg_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rwigg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became the deputy director of the national industrial institute and then its director in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-Rodgers1999_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rodgers1999-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Next he worked at the state-owned hydrocarbons institute.<sup id="cite_ref-rwigg_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rwigg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of the Ibercorp shareholders.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt23may_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt23may-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boyer joined the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party (Spain)">Socialist Party</a> as part of its social democrat wing in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-Rodgers1999_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rodgers1999-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He helped <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a> to form a faction in the party in the mid-1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boyer was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress of Deputies (Spain)">Congress of Deputies</a>, representing <a href="/wiki/Jaen_(Spanish_Congress_Electoral_District)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaen (Spanish Congress Electoral District)">Jaén Province</a>, and economic spokesperson of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Solchaga" title="Carlos Solchaga">Carlos Solchaga</a> were the architects of the party's economy policy.<sup id="cite_ref-E2008_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boyer was appointed minister of economy, treasury and commerce to the <a href="/wiki/First_government_of_Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="First government of Felipe González">first cabinet</a> of Felipe González on 2 December 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-E2008_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1985, he developed a tax act that enabled people to avoid tax on saving interest if they invested in insurance accounts.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his term he was regarded as the most powerful member of the cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-chicago85_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago85-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-edw5jul_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edw5jul-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in a cabinet reshuffle in July 1985 Boyer was removed from office and was succeeded by Carlos Solchaga in the post.<sup id="cite_ref-chicago85_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago85-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was speculated that Boyer was forced to resign due to his clash with Deputy Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Guerra" title="Alfonso Guerra">Alfonso Guerra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chicago85_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago85-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-edw5jul_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edw5jul-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, Boyer attempted to increase his power in the cabinet and demanded to assume the post of second vice prime minister, also leading to his forced resignation.<sup id="cite_ref-Holman2012_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holman2012-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly after leaving office Boyer was named as the chief executive of the Banco Exterior de Espana and next of the investment company, Cartera Central.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986, he was named as a member of the Abragam committee that oversaw the future structure of the <a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">CERN</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until 1999 he served as a senior manager at the Spanish construction group FCC.<sup id="cite_ref-elpais05_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elpais05-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From July 1999 to January 2005, he was the chairman of CLH, a Spanish fuel distribution company.<sup id="cite_ref-elpais05_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elpais05-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2010, Boyer was appointed board member to the <a href="/wiki/Hispania_Racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispania Racing">Hispania Racing Team</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also assumed the post of finance director and advisor to the team.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 20 May 2010, he was also named as the independent member of the board of directors of Red Electrica Corporacion SA.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, he served as the head of Urbis.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversy">Controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 1992, Boyer and <a href="/wiki/Mariano_Rubio" title="Mariano Rubio">Mariano Rubio</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_Spain" title="Governor of the Bank of Spain">governor of the Bank of Spain</a>, were accused of <a href="/wiki/Fraud" title="Fraud">fraud</a> and share-price manipulation in relation to the Ibercorp.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt23may_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt23may-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rabanal2011_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rabanal2011-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boyer was not sentenced, but Rubio was sentenced to jail.<sup id="cite_ref-Rabanal2011_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rabanal2011-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Views">Views</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1970s, Boyer supported self-managing socialism.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, later he became known for his <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox economics">orthodox</a>, moderate and pragmatic approach to economy.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite being a member of the socialist government, he adopted <a href="/wiki/Neo-liberal" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-liberal">neo-liberal</a> views of economy when he was minister.<sup id="cite_ref-Holman2012_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holman2012-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, he and his successor Carlos Solchaga did not fit into the party's projected socialist mould.<sup id="cite_ref-Gillespie1994_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gillespie1994-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They both implemented economic policies based the orthodox liberal ideas, and the social outcomes of these policies were largely neglected.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their priority was to reduce inflation, using steps to control the money supply, which reinforced the high levels of interest and a strong currency.<sup id="cite_ref-Gillespie1994_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gillespie1994-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Boyer's policy decreased the rate of inflation and government spending, Spain experienced the Europe's highest unemployment rate at about 20%.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boyer also encouraged the economic integration of Spain into the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boyer divorced his first wife, gynecologist <a href="/wiki/Elena_Arnedo" title="Elena Arnedo">Elena Arnedo</a>, to wed a socialite, <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Preysler" title="Isabel Preysler">Isabel Preysler</a>, in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-rob10dec_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rob10dec-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boyer's first wife, Elena Arnedo, was the cousin of <a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_Calvo-Sotelo" title="Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo">Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rwigg_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rwigg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Isabel Preysler was the former spouse of the singer <a href="/wiki/Julio_Iglesias" title="Julio Iglesias">Julio Iglesias</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Falc%C3%B3,_5th_Marquess_of_Gri%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Carlos Falcó, 5th Marquess of Griñón">Carlos Falcó, 5th Marquess of Griñón</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had a daughter, Ana Boyer.<sup id="cite_ref-rob10dec_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rob10dec-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boyer had also a son and a daughter with his first wife.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boyer died of a <a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_embolism" title="Pulmonary embolism">pulmonary embolism</a> after being admitted to the Ruber International Hospital in Madrid on 29 September 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gim_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gim-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was 75.<sup id="cite_ref-gim_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gim-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delors_Committee" title="Delors Committee">Delors Committee</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rodgers1999-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rodgers1999_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rodgers1999_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rodgers1999_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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London; New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 62. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-13187-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-13187-2"><bdi>978-0-415-13187-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Contemporary+Spanish+Culture&rft.place=London%3B+New+York&rft.pages=62&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-415-13187-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DymIXLhegGnwC%26pg%3DPR62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/jos-luis-sampedro-economist-who-became-an-inspiration-for-spains-antiausterity-movement-8636614.html">"José Luis Sampedro: Economist who became an inspiration for Spain's anti-austerity movement"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. 29 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jos%C3%A9+Luis+Sampedro%3A+Economist+who+became+an+inspiration+for+Spain%27s+anti-austerity+movement&rft.date=2013-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fjos-luis-sampedro-economist-who-became-an-inspiration-for-spains-antiausterity-movement-8636614.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reuters_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyOfficers?symbol=REE.MC">"Red Electrica Corporacion SA (REE.MC)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Euphoria+turns+to+moderation+as+Spain%27s+Socialists+face+reality+of+power&rft.date=1982-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F1982%2F1101%2F110151.html%2F%28page%29%2F3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco_Comín2007" class="citation book cs1">Francisco Comín (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9IczeZDLtHwC&pg=PA34">"Reaching a political consensus: The Moncloa pacts, joining the European Union and the rest of the journey"</a>. 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Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78254-271-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78254-271-1"><bdi>978-1-78254-271-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Reaching+a+political+consensus%3A+The+Moncloa+pacts%2C+joining+the+European+Union+and+the+rest+of+the+journey&rft.btitle=Fiscal+Reform+in+Spain%3A+Accomplishments+and+Challenges&rft.place=Cheltenham%2C+UK&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-78254-271-1&rft.au=Francisco+Com%C3%ADn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9IczeZDLtHwC%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Gibbons1999" class="citation book cs1">John Gibbons (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z3VZju64kjMC&pg=PA140"><i>Spanish Politics Today</i></a>. 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Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-01262-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-01262-1"><bdi>978-0-521-01262-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+Integration%2C+1950-2003%3A+Superstate+Or+New+Market+Economy%3F&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-521-01262-1&rft.au=John+Gillingham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtKfUL9fpL5sC%26pg%3DPA220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holman2012-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Holman2012_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holman2012_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOtto_Holman2012" class="citation book cs1">Otto Holman (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F8KUPvmJvVMC&pg=PA1965"><i>Integrating Southern Europe: EC Expansion and the Transnationalization of Spain</i></a>. London; New York: Routledge. p. 1965. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-80356-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-80356-9"><bdi>978-1-134-80356-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Integrating+Southern+Europe%3A+EC+Expansion+and+the+Transnationalization+of+Spain&rft.place=London%3B+New+York&rft.pages=1965&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-134-80356-9&rft.au=Otto+Holman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF8KUPvmJvVMC%26pg%3DPA1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Heywood1995" class="citation news cs1">Paul Heywood (1 October 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-17784355/sleaze-spain-sleaze-politics.html">"Sleaze in Spain"</a>. <i>Parliamentary Affairs</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Parliamentary+Affairs&rft.atitle=Sleaze+in+Spain&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.au=Paul+Heywood&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.accessmylibrary.com%2Farticle-1G1-17784355%2Fsleaze-spain-sleaze-politics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerwig_SchopperJames_Gillie2024" class="citation book cs1">Herwig Schopper; James Gillie (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-51042-7_7"><i>Herwig Schopper Scientist and Diplomat in a Changing World</i></a>. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 150–151. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-031-51042-7_7">10.1007/978-3-031-51042-7_7</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-031-51041-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-031-51041-0"><bdi>978-3-031-51041-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herwig+Schopper+Scientist+and+Diplomat+in+a+Changing+World&rft.place=Cham&rft.pages=150-151&rft.pub=Springer+International+Publishing&rft.date=2024&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-51042-7_7&rft.isbn=978-3-031-51041-0&rft.au=Herwig+Schopper&rft.au=James+Gillie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-51042-7_7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerwig_F._Schopper2009" class="citation book cs1">Herwig F. Schopper (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4Sysug8oMkUC&pg=PA156"><i>Lep: The Lord of the Collider Rings at CERN 1980-2000: The Making, Operation and Legacy of the World's Largest Scientific Instrument</i></a>. Dordrecht: Springer. p. 156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-540-89301-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-540-89301-1"><bdi>978-3-540-89301-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lep%3A+The+Lord+of+the+Collider+Rings+at+CERN+1980-2000%3A+The+Making%2C+Operation+and+Legacy+of+the+World%27s+Largest+Scientific+Instrument&rft.place=Dordrecht&rft.pages=156&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-3-540-89301-1&rft.au=Herwig+F.+Schopper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4Sysug8oMkUC%26pg%3DPA156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-elpais05-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-elpais05_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elpais05_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-18571705_ITM">"Repsol YPF to replace Boyer at helm of CLH"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El Pais</a></i>. 13 January 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pais&rft.atitle=Repsol+YPF+to+replace+Boyer+at+helm+of+CLH&rft.date=2005-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.accessmylibrary.com%2Fcoms2%2Fsummary_0286-18571705_ITM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gpupdate.net/en/f1-news/235658/hispania-forms-new-board-of-directors/">"Hispania forms new board of directors"</a>. <i>GP Update</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GP+Update&rft.atitle=Hispania+forms+new+board+of+directors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gpupdate.net%2Fen%2Ff1-news%2F235658%2Fhispania-forms-new-board-of-directors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlex_Duff2011" class="citation news cs1">Alex Duff (27 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-05-27/formula-1-team-uses-175-mile-per-hour-rolling-billboard-to-find-sponsors.html">"Formula 1 Team Uses 175-Mile-Per-Hour Rolling Billboard to Find Sponsors"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Formula+1+Team+Uses+175-Mile-Per-Hour+Rolling+Billboard+to+Find+Sponsors&rft.date=2011-05-27&rft.au=Alex+Duff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-05-27%2Fformula-1-team-uses-175-mile-per-hour-rolling-billboard-to-find-sponsors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927113524/http://nasdaqreportnews.com/2012/04/11/miguel-boyer-leaves-the-icu-and-evolves-very-satisfactory/">"Miguel Boyer leaves the ICU and evolves "very satisfactory"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Nasdaq Report News</i>. 11 April 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nasdaqreportnews.com/2012/04/11/miguel-boyer-leaves-the-icu-and-evolves-very-satisfactory/">the original</a> on 27 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nasdaq+Report+News&rft.atitle=Miguel+Boyer+leaves+the+ICU+and+evolves+%22very+satisfactory%22&rft.date=2012-04-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnasdaqreportnews.com%2F2012%2F04%2F11%2Fmiguel-boyer-leaves-the-icu-and-evolves-very-satisfactory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rabanal2011-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rabanal2011_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rabanal2011_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHayley_Rabanal2011" class="citation book cs1">Hayley Rabanal (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=huSzF6KsjXcC&pg=PA85"><i>Belén Gopegui: The Pursuit of Solidarity in Post-transition Spain</i></a>. Woodbridge: Tamesis. p. 85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85566-233-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85566-233-9"><bdi>978-1-85566-233-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bel%C3%A9n+Gopegui%3A+The+Pursuit+of+Solidarity+in+Post-transition+Spain&rft.place=Woodbridge&rft.pages=85&rft.pub=Tamesis&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-85566-233-9&rft.au=Hayley+Rabanal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhuSzF6KsjXcC%26pg%3DPA85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJuliá_Santos1990" class="citation book cs1">Juliá Santos (1990). "The ideological conversion of the leaders of the PSOE, 1976-1979". In Lannon Frances; Preston Paul (eds.). <i>Élites and power in twentieth-century Spain. Essays in honour of Sir Raymond Carr</i>. Oxford: Clarendon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198228806" title="Special:BookSources/9780198228806"><bdi>9780198228806</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+ideological+conversion+of+the+leaders+of+the+PSOE%2C+1976-1979&rft.btitle=%C3%89lites+and+power+in+twentieth-century+Spain.+Essays+in+honour+of+Sir+Raymond+Carr&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780198228806&rft.au=Juli%C3%A1+Santos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Williamson1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Williamson_(economist)" title="John Williamson (economist)">John Williamson</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cm-3mnvjEl8C&pg=PA198"><i>The Political Economy of Policy Reform</i></a>. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88132-195-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88132-195-1"><bdi>978-0-88132-195-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Political+Economy+of+Policy+Reform&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Peterson+Institute&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-88132-195-1&rft.au=John+Williamson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcm-3mnvjEl8C%26pg%3DPA198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gillespie1994-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gillespie1994_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gillespie1994_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJose_Amodia1994" class="citation book cs1">Jose Amodia (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UpC4QJP66HUC&pg=PA173">"A victory against all the odds: The declining fortunes of the Spanish Pocialist Party"</a>. In Richard Gillespie (ed.). <i>Mediterranean Politics</i>. London: Pinter Publishers Ltd. p. 173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3609-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3609-1"><bdi>978-0-8386-3609-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+victory+against+all+the+odds%3A+The+declining+fortunes+of+the+Spanish+Pocialist+Party&rft.btitle=Mediterranean+Politics&rft.place=London&rft.pages=173&rft.pub=Pinter+Publishers+Ltd&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8386-3609-1&rft.au=Jose+Amodia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpC4QJP66HUC%26pg%3DPA173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Gillespie1992" class="citation journal cs1">Richard Gillespie (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211210131126/https://www.icps.cat/archivos/WorkingPapers/WP_I_59.pdf?noga=1">"Factionalism in the Spanish Socialist Party"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Working Papers Barcelona</i> (59). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ddd.uab.cat/pub/worpap/1992/hdl_2072_1423/ICPS59.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 10 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Working+Papers+Barcelona&rft.atitle=Factionalism+in+the+Spanish+Socialist+Party&rft.issue=59&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Richard+Gillespie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fddd.uab.cat%2Fpub%2Fworpap%2F1992%2Fhdl_2072_1423%2FICPS59.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-07-05-mn-9098-story.html">"Spain's Finance Minister Quits Amid Major Cabinet Reshuffle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. 5 July 1985<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Spain%27s+Finance+Minister+Quits+Amid+Major+Cabinet+Reshuffle&rft.date=1985-07-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1985-07-05-mn-9098-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_GillespieFernando_RodrigoJonathan_Story1995" class="citation book cs1">Richard Gillespie; Fernando Rodrigo; Jonathan Story, eds. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JZLFJMJ6Jx0C&pg=PA59">"Western alignment: Spain's security policy"</a>. <i>Democratic Spain: Reshaping External Relations in a Changing World</i>. London: Routledge. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-11325-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-11325-0"><bdi>978-0-415-11325-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Western+alignment%3A+Spain%27s+security+policy&rft.btitle=Democratic+Spain%3A+Reshaping+External+Relations+in+a+Changing+World&rft.place=London&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-415-11325-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJZLFJMJ6Jx0C%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rob10dec-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rob10dec_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rob10dec_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobby_Tantingco2012" class="citation news cs1">Robby Tantingco (10 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130708174456/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/pampanga/opinion/2012/12/10/tantingco-kapampangan-girl-julio-iglesias-loved-257683">"The Kapampangan girl Julio Iglesias loved before"</a>. <i>Sun Star</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/pampanga/opinion/2012/12/10/tantingco-kapampangan-girl-julio-iglesias-loved-257683">the original</a> on 8 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sun+Star&rft.atitle=The+Kapampangan+girl+Julio+Iglesias+loved+before&rft.date=2012-12-10&rft.au=Robby+Tantingco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fpampanga%2Fopinion%2F2012%2F12%2F10%2Ftantingco-kapampangan-girl-julio-iglesias-loved-257683&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.angelfire.com/trek/richplayaaa/beautiful/newisabelpreysler.html">"The Beautiful Women of the Philippines"</a>. <i>Angelfire</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Angelfire&rft.atitle=The+Beautiful+Women+of+the+Philippines&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.angelfire.com%2Ftrek%2Frichplayaaa%2Fbeautiful%2Fnewisabelpreysler.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140344/http://news.gnom.es/news/ex-economy-minister-miguel-boyer-dies-in-hospital">"Ex-economy minister Miguel Boyer dies in hospital"</a>. <i>Gnomes</i>. 29 September 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.gnom.es/news/ex-economy-minister-miguel-boyer-dies-in-hospital">the original</a> on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gnomes&rft.atitle=Ex-economy+minister+Miguel+Boyer+dies+in+hospital&rft.date=2014-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.gnom.es%2Fnews%2Fex-economy-minister-miguel-boyer-dies-in-hospital&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elmundo.es/loc/famosos/2018/10/27/5bd33799468aeb28448b45cf.html">"Así ha quedado repartida la herencia de Miguel Boyer: su hija Laura ha renunciado a su parte"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Mundo_(Spain)" title="El Mundo (Spain)">El Mundo</a></i> (in Spanish). 27 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Mundo&rft.atitle=As%C3%AD+ha+quedado+repartida+la+herencia+de+Miguel+Boyer%3A+su+hija+Laura+ha+renunciado+a+su+parte&rft.date=2018-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elmundo.es%2Floc%2Ffamosos%2F2018%2F10%2F27%2F5bd33799468aeb28448b45cf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.324.cat/noticia/2494357/politica/Mor-lexministre-socialista-Miguel-Boyer-per-una-embolia-pulmonar">"Mor als 75 anys l'exministre socialista Miguel Boyer per una embòlia pulmonar"</a>. <i>324</i> (in Spanish). 29 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=324&rft.atitle=Mor+als+75+anys+l%27exministre+socialista+Miguel+Boyer+per+una+emb%C3%B2lia+pulmonar&rft.date=2014-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.324.cat%2Fnoticia%2F2494357%2Fpolitica%2FMor-lexministre-socialista-Miguel-Boyer-per-una-embolia-pulmonar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gim-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gim_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gim_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/general-view-of-ruber-international-hospital-following-the-news-photo/456326354">"Miguel Boyer Dies at 75 Years Old in Madrid"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Getty_Images" title="Getty Images">Getty Images</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miguel+Boyer+Dies+at+75+Years+Old+in+Madrid&rft.pub=Getty+Images&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gettyimages.co.uk%2Fdetail%2Fnews-photo%2Fgeneral-view-of-ruber-international-hospital-following-the-news-photo%2F456326354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiguel+Boyer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Boyer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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