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It aims to understand the underlying factors that facilitate or hinder a consumer's sustainable consumption habits related to aviation and its impact on the achievement of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Adopted by all UN member states in 2015, the SDGs represent a global call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all by 2030. The research takes a mixed methodology approach, combining focus groups in phase 1 and a survey in phase 2. The focus groups will be used to elicit qualitative data to understand the attitudes and perceptions of consumers toward sustainable aviation and tourism in Ireland. The survey in phase 2 will then provide a more comprehensive and quantifiable understanding of the topic. The results of this study will contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of sustainable tourism and will provide insights into the drivers of sustainable consumer behavior in the Irish aviation industry. It is expected that the findings of this research will have practical implications for industry stakeholders and policy-makers in their efforts to promote sustainable tourism and achieve the SDGs in Ireland. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation" title="aviation">aviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behaviour" title=" consumer behaviour"> consumer behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162231/examining-the-drivers-to-sustainable-consumer-behavioral-intention-in-the-irish-aviation-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">543</span> Risky Driving Behavior among Bus Driver in Jakarta</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ratri%20A.%20Benedictus">Ratri A. Benedictus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felicia%20M.%20Yolanda"> Felicia M. Yolanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Public transport is a crucial issue for capital city in developing country, such as Jakarta. Inadequate number and low quality of public transport services resulting personal vehicles as the main option. As a result, traffic jams are getting worse in Jakarta. The low quality of public transport, particularly buses, compounded by the risk behavior of the driver. Traffic accidents involving public bus in Jakarta were often the case, even result in fatality. The purpose of this study is to get a description of risk behavior among the public bus drivers in Jakarta. 132 bus drivers become respondent of this study. Risky Driving Behavior scale of Dorn were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. 51.5% of respondents felt often showing risky behavior while on driving. The highest type of risky driving behavior is still using the unsafe bus (62%). Followed by trespass the bus line (30%), over speed (21%), violate the road signs (15%) and driving with unhealthy physical condition (4%). Results of this study suggested that high understanding of the bus drivers on their risk behaviors have not lead to the emergence of safe driving behavior. Therefore, together with technical engineering and instrumentation work intervention over this issue, psychological aspects also need to be considered, such as: risk perception, safety attitude,safety culture, locus of control and Fatalism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bus%20driver" title="bus driver">bus driver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20factors" title=" psychological factors"> psychological factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transportation" title=" public transportation"> public transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risky%20driving%20behavior" title=" risky driving behavior"> risky driving behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41503/risky-driving-behavior-among-bus-driver-in-jakarta" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">542</span> Drivers for Relationship Building in the Supply Chain: The Case of Luxury Food</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kateryna%20Merkulova">Kateryna Merkulova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessio%20Castello"> Alessio Castello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Kreuzer"> Maria Kreuzer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the drivers of long-term relationship building between customers and suppliers within the luxury food supply chain, a topic that remains largely unexplored in the current state of academic literature. This paper identifies for the first time the key elements that influence the formation and maintenance of effective supply chain relationships, which are crucial for navigating the complexities of the luxury food industry. In particular, it explores the critical role of trust in a business-to-business context, specifically emphasizing its significance in the luxury food supply chain. Empirically, this research is contextualized in the region of the French Riviera, which offers a gastronomic playground for food enthusiasts, making it ideally suited to explore the luxury food sector. Qualitative in-depth interviews with stakeholders along the luxury supply chain (i.e., suppliers, chefs, restaurant owners, and fine food shop managers) allow identifying key drivers of trustful business relationships. Triangulating different perspectives of stakeholders within the luxury supply chain adds validity and robustness to the findings. The findings have important theoretical and managerial implications for the effective functioning of long-term supplier-buyer relationships. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luxury%20food" title="luxury food">luxury food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationship%20building" title=" relationship building"> relationship building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B2B" title=" B2B"> B2B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title=" supply chain"> supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183459/drivers-for-relationship-building-in-the-supply-chain-the-case-of-luxury-food" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">541</span> Change in Food Choice Behavior: Trend and Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gargi%20S.%20Kumar">Gargi S. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrinmoyi%20Kulkarni"> Mrinmoyi Kulkarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food choice behavior is complex and determined by biological, psychological, socio-cultural, and economic factors. The past two decades, have seen dramatic changes in food consumption patterns among urban Indian consumers. The objective of the current study was to evaluate perceptions about changes with respect to food choice behavior. Ten participants [urban men and women] ranging in age from 40 to 65 were selected and in-depth interviews were conducted with a set of open ended questions. The recorded interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed using inductive, open and axial coding. The results identified themes that act as drivers and consequences of change in food choice behavior. Drivers such as globalization [sub themes of urbanization, education, income, and work environment], media and advertising, changing gender roles, women in the workforce, and change in family structure have influenced food choice, both at an individual and national level. The consequences of changes in food choice were health implications, processed food consumption, food decisions driven by children and eating out among others. The study reveals that, over time, food choices change and evolve. However it is interesting to note how market forces and culture interact to influence individual behavior and the overall food environment which subsequently affects food choice and the health of the people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change" title="change">change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consequences" title=" consequences"> consequences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drivers" title=" drivers"> drivers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20choice" title=" food choice"> food choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title=" globalization"> globalization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85502/change-in-food-choice-behavior-trend-and-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">540</span> AI Software Algorithms for Drivers Monitoring within Vehicles Traffic - SiaMOTO</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioan%20Corneliu%20Salisteanu">Ioan Corneliu Salisteanu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentin%20Dogaru%20Ulieru"> Valentin Dogaru Ulieru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihaita%20Nicolae%20Ardeleanu"> Mihaita Nicolae Ardeleanu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alin%20Pohoata"> Alin Pohoata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogdan%20Salisteanu"> Bogdan Salisteanu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Broscareanu"> Stefan Broscareanu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creating a personalized statistic for an individual within the population using IT systems, based on the searches and intercepted spheres of interest they manifest, is just one 'atom' of the artificial intelligence analysis network. However, having the ability to generate statistics based on individual data intercepted from large demographic areas leads to reasoning like that issued by a human mind with global strategic ambitions. The DiaMOTO device is a technical sensory system that allows the interception of car events caused by a driver, positioning them in time and space. The device's connection to the vehicle allows the creation of a source of data whose analysis can create psychological, behavioural profiles of the drivers involved. The SiaMOTO system collects data from many vehicles equipped with DiaMOTO, driven by many different drivers with a unique fingerprint in their approach to driving. In this paper, we aimed to explain the software infrastructure of the SiaMOTO system, a system designed to monitor and improve driver driving behaviour, as well as the criteria and algorithms underlying the intelligent analysis process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20processing" title=" data processing"> data processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driver%20behaviour" title=" driver behaviour"> driver behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driver%20monitoring" title=" driver monitoring"> driver monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiaMOTO" title=" SiaMOTO"> SiaMOTO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177914/ai-software-algorithms-for-drivers-monitoring-within-vehicles-traffic-siamoto" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">539</span> Driving Green Public Procurement – A Framework for a Supporting Structure for Public Authorities Based on Good Practices in Europe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pia%20Moschall">Pia Moschall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathrin%20Sackmann"> Kathrin Sackmann</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering a purchasing volume of around two trillion Euros per year, which equals about 14% of the European Union’s gross domestic product, European public authorities have significant market power. Making use of this market power by prioritizing the procurement of green products and services offers a great potential to contribute to the Green New Deal. The market demand that is created by Green Public Procurement (GPP) sets incentives for European producers to design and develop Green Products and Eco-Innovations. However, most procurement still does not consider environmental criteria. The goal of the work is to encourage the adaptation of GPP in the European Union. To this end, the drivers for the adaptation were investigated over different case studies. The paper analyzes good-practice cases from European authorities from 2010 to 2020 that were provided by the European Commission. This analysis was guided by Philipp Mayring’s method of qualitative content analysis, whereby the inductively formed categories led to the identification of nine major drivers. The most important ones are ‘use of official guidelines and standards, ‘political support and requirements as well as ‘market research and involvement.’ Further, the paper discusses mutual dependencies between several drivers and how to exploit them. A supporting infrastructure was identified as a crucial factor for the successful adaption of green public procurement. In the next step, the work aims to examine on which administrative level the single drivers can be implemented most effectively. Practical implications of this research are recommendations on how to create a supporting structure on a municipal, federal and national level, including training for the responsible staff, support tools, as well as guidelines and standards for involved stakeholders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20analysis" title="content analysis">content analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20public%20procurement" title=" green public procurement"> green public procurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20authorities" title=" public authorities"> public authorities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20procurement" title=" sustainable procurement"> sustainable procurement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138033/driving-green-public-procurement-a-framework-for-a-supporting-structure-for-public-authorities-based-on-good-practices-in-europe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">538</span> Relocation of Livestocks in Rural of Canakkale Province Using Remote Sensing and GIS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melis%20Inalpulat">Melis Inalpulat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugce%20Civelek"> Tugce Civelek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unal%20Kizil"> Unal Kizil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Levent%20Genc"> Levent Genc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Livestock production is one of the most important components of rural economy. Due to the urban expansion, rural areas close to expanding cities transform into urban districts during the time. However, the legislations have some restrictions related to livestock farming in such administrative units since they tend to create environmental concerns like odor problems resulted from excessive manure production. Therefore, the existing animal operations should be moved from the settlement areas. This paper was focused on determination of suitable lands for livestock production in Canakkale province of Turkey using remote sensing (RS) data and GIS techniques. To achieve the goal, Formosat 2 and Landsat 8 imageries, Aster DEM, and 1:25000 scaled soil maps, village boundaries, and village livestock inventory records were used. The study was conducted using suitability analysis which evaluates the land in terms of limitations and potentials, and suitability range was categorized as Suitable (S) and Non-Suitable (NS). Limitations included the distances from main and crossroads, water resources and settlements, while potentials were appropriate values for slope, land use capability and land use land cover status. Village-based S land distribution results were presented, and compared with livestock inventories. Results showed that approximately 44230 ha area is inappropriate because of the distance limitations for roads and etc. (NS). Moreover, according to LULC map, 71052 ha area consists of forests, olive and other orchards, and thus, may not be suitable for building such structures (NS). In comparison, it was found that there are a total of 1228 ha S lands within study area. The village-based findings indicated that, in some villages livestock production continues on NS areas. Finally, it was suggested that organized livestock zones may be constructed to serve in more than one village after the detailed analysis complemented considering also political decisions, opinion of the local people, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title="GIS">GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=livestock" title=" livestock"> livestock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LULC" title=" LULC"> LULC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suitable%20lands" title=" suitable lands"> suitable lands</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53376/relocation-of-livestocks-in-rural-of-canakkale-province-using-remote-sensing-and-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">537</span> Correlation Test of Psychomotor Vigilance Test Fatigue Scores on Sleep Quality at Home in Oil and Gas Tanker Driver: A Diagnostic Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pandega%20Gama%20Mahardika">Pandega Gama Mahardika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rifki%20Al%20Iksan"> Muhammad Rifki Al Iksan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Datuk%20Fachrul%20Razy"> Datuk Fachrul Razy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oil And Gas Tanker Driver is a high-risk jobdesc. drivers drive with sleep circadian rhythm disturbances. Therefore, FAMOUS (Fatigue Management Online Ultimate System) conducted a diagnostic test on the effectiveness and accuracy of the Psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) in the field to capture the fatigue level of Oil And Gas Tanker Driver. Fatigue examination with the PVP method for 3 minutes using the Pertamina FAMOUS system (Fatigue Management Online Ultimate System). The research sample was Oil And Gas Tanker Driver Elnusa petrofin drivers as many as 2205 people. PVT is categorical data that states a driver has a low or high fatigue level. The quality of sleep at home was recorded by filling in a score of 1 = not well, 2 = not well, 3 = well, per person. A total of 1852 (84%) driver had a low fatigue level, while 353 (16%) driver had a high fatigue level. Poor sleep quality was experienced by 68 (79%) driver who had a high fatigue level. Oil And Gas Tanker Driver who slept soundly at home as many as 1804 (87%) had a low fatigue level. The correlation coefficient of sleep quality home and fatigue level is significant because it shows a probability value of 0.00 (p <5%). Fatigue level can be diagnosed through examining sleep quality, using FAMOUS Program for occupational medicine, particularly in the oil and gas sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychomotor%20vigilance%20test" title="psychomotor vigilance test">psychomotor vigilance test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep" title=" sleep"> sleep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas%20tanker%20driver%20drivers" title=" oil and gas tanker driver drivers"> oil and gas tanker driver drivers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pertamina%20FAMOUS" title=" pertamina FAMOUS"> pertamina FAMOUS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170592/correlation-test-of-psychomotor-vigilance-test-fatigue-scores-on-sleep-quality-at-home-in-oil-and-gas-tanker-driver-a-diagnostic-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">536</span> Evaluation of a Driver Training Intervention for People on the Autism Spectrum: A Multi-Site Randomized Control Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Vindin">P. Vindin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Cordier"> R. Cordier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20J.%20Wilson"> N. J. Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Lee"> H. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Engagement in community-based activities such as education, employment, and social relationships can improve the quality of life for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Community mobility is vital to attaining independence for individuals with ASD. Learning to drive and gaining a driver’s license is a critical link to community mobility; however, for individuals with ASD acquiring safe driving skills can be a challenging process. Issues related to anxiety, executive function, and social communication may affect driving behaviours. Driving training and education aimed at addressing barriers faced by learner drivers with ASD can help them improve their driving performance. A multi-site randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an autism-specific driving training intervention for improving the on-road driving performance of learner drivers with ASD. The intervention was delivered via a training manual and interactive website consisting of five modules covering varying driving environments starting with a focus on off-road preparations and progressing through basic to complex driving skill mastery. Seventy-two learner drivers with ASD aged 16 to 35 were randomized using a blinded group allocation procedure into either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received 10 driving lessons with the instructors trained in the use of an autism-specific driving training protocol, whereas the control group received 10 driving lessons as usual. Learner drivers completed a pre- and post-observation drive using a standardized driving route to measure driving performance using the Driving Performance Checklist (DPC). They also completed anxiety, executive function, and social responsiveness measures. The findings showed that there were significant improvements in driving performance for both the intervention (d = 1.02) and the control group (d = 1.15). However, the differences were not significant between groups (p = 0.614) or study sites (p = 0.842). None of the potential moderator variables (anxiety, cognition, social responsiveness, and driving instructor experience) influenced driving performance. This study is an important step toward improving community mobility for individuals with ASD showing that an autism-specific driving training intervention can improve the driving performance of leaner drivers with ASD. It also highlighted the complexity of conducting a multi-site design even when sites were matched according to geography and traffic conditions. Driving instructors also need more and clearer information on how to communicate with learner drivers with restricted verbal expression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title="autism spectrum disorder">autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20mobility" title=" community mobility"> community mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20training" title=" driving training"> driving training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125627/evaluation-of-a-driver-training-intervention-for-people-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-multi-site-randomized-control-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">535</span> Drivers of E-Participation: Case of Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Alrashedi">R. Alrashedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Persaud"> A. Persaud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study provides insights into the readiness of users to participate in e-government activities in Saudi Arabia. A user-centric model of e-participation is developed based on a review of the literature and empirically tested. The findings are based on an online survey of a sample of 200 hundred Saudi citizens and residents living in Saudi Arabia. The study found that trust of the government, attitude towards e-participation, e-participation through the use of social media, and social influence and social identity positively influence e-participation while perceived benefits of e-government is negatively related to e-participation. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the drivers of e-participation. The study also provides insights that could be used by policymakers to increase the level of e-participation in Saudi Arabia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-participation" title=" e-participation"> e-participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20influence%20and%20social%20identity" title=" social influence and social identity"> social influence and social identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13128/drivers-of-e-participation-case-of-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">534</span> The Link Between Knowledge Management, Organizational Learning and Collective Competence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amira%20Khelil">Amira Khelil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Affes"> Habib Affes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The XXIst century is characterized by promoting teamwork as one of the main drivers of firms` performance. Collective competence is becoming crucial in developing and maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage, as well as its contributions to organizational innovation. In other words, the improvement of collective competence for a firm is no longer a choice, but rather an obligation. Learning capabilities of a firm in the context of knowledge management are assumed to be the main drivers of collective competence. Although there are some efforts to consider these concepts together; they are mostly discussed separately in the management theory. Thus, this paper aims to offer a holistic approach for development collective competence on the basis of Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning Capabilities. A theoretical model that defines a relationship between knowledge management, organizational learning and collective competence is presented at the end of this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20competence" title="collective competence">collective competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploitation%20learning" title=" exploitation learning"> exploitation learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploration%20learning" title=" exploration learning"> exploration learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title=" knowledge management"> knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20learning%20capabilities" title=" organizational learning capabilities"> organizational learning capabilities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19352/the-link-between-knowledge-management-organizational-learning-and-collective-competence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">533</span> Impact of Popular Passive Physiological Diversity Drivers on Thermo-Physiology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilango%20Thiagalingam">Ilango Thiagalingam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erwann%20Yvin"> Erwann Yvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Crehan"> Gabriel Crehan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roch%20El%20Khoury"> Roch El Khoury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An experimental investigation is carried out in order to evaluate the relevance of a customization approach of the passive thermal mannikin. The promise of this approach consists in the following assumption: physiological differences lead to distinct thermo-physiological responses that explain a part of the thermal appraisal differences between people. Categorizing people and developing an appropriate thermal mannikin for each group would help to reduce the actual dispersion on the subjective thermal comfort perception. The present investigation indicates that popular passive physiological diversity drivers such as sex, age and BMI are not the correct parameters to consider. Indeed, very little or no discriminated global thermo-physiological responses arise from the physiological classification of the population using these parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title="thermal comfort">thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-physiology" title=" thermo-physiology"> thermo-physiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customization" title=" customization"> customization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20mannikin" title=" thermal mannikin"> thermal mannikin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164918/impact-of-popular-passive-physiological-diversity-drivers-on-thermo-physiology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">532</span> Online Public Transport Safety Awareness System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danny%20Mwangi">Danny Mwangi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Collins%20Oduor%20Ondiek"> Collins Oduor Ondiek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mass mobility is one of the most important characteristics of every industrialized civilization. Man must travel about in order to fulfill his commitment to putting food on his table. As a result, movement is an important part of human life. Man must travel from one place to another. This is a natural trait of humans, according to elementary science. Variables in human mobility have arisen as a result of technological advancements over time. Public transit is one of these modes of transportation. When it comes to reducing safety-related risks in the public transport system, awareness is crucial. So much so even when it comes to public transportation in Kenya. Having a system that can be able to keep users updated with real-time traffic updates on the route, they are on and also have the ability to rate drivers after a trip could go a long way in improving safety on Kenyan roads. What this proposed system is intended to accomplish is to reduce occurrences of reckless driving and give matatu drivers the feeling that they are accountable to someone and more so have the incentive to be better drivers who are motivated to follow the law and have passenger safety as a priority. The research was conducted, and the findings show that 95.2% of respondents were not satisfied with the current safety measures in the Kenyan public transport sector. This means that the chances for this system to be accepted in the market are high because it addresses a key issue. 98.8% of the respondents were of the opinion that the implementation of the proposed system would significantly increase safety measures in the public transport sector. During the research, it was clear that the main challenge 77.1% of the respondents face when using public transport is that there is no way to monitor driver safety performance, and 68.7% of the respondent believed the widespread use of unroadworthy public transit vehicles contributed to the lack of safety when using public transport. However, 77.1% of the respondents expect the benefit of creating a sense of accountability for the drivers, and 74.7% of the respondents expect the benefit of increased passenger safety. 63.9% believe that with the implementation of the system, there will be the benefit of monitoring driver performance. This shows that with the implementation of the proposed system, it will be possible to make a lot of progress in terms of making Kenyan roads safer when using public transit. According to the findings, it is recommended that this proposed public transportation safety awareness system be implemented as it will be able to address matatu passengers' safety concerns while also encouraging matatu drivers to drive more carefully. As a result, it's a project with a chance of becoming viable, marketable, and feasible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20safety" title="public safety">public safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transportation" title=" public transportation"> public transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accountable%20driving" title=" accountable driving"> accountable driving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safe%20transportation" title=" safe transportation"> safe transportation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149367/online-public-transport-safety-awareness-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">531</span> Investigation of Time Pressure and Instinctive Reaction in Moral Dilemmas While Driving</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacqueline%20Miller">Jacqueline Miller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongyuan%20Y.%20Wang"> Dongyuan Y. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Dan%20Richard"> F. Dan Richard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Before trying to make an ethical machine that holds a higher ethical standard than humans, a better understanding of human moral standards that could be used as a guide is crucial. How humans make decisions in dangerous driving situations like moral dilemmas can contribute to developing acceptable ethical principles for autonomous vehicles (AVs). This study uses a driving simulator to investigate whether drivers make utilitarian choices (choices that maximize lives saved and minimize harm) in unavoidable automobile accidents (moral dilemmas) with time pressure manipulated. This study also investigates how impulsiveness influences drivers’ behavior in moral dilemmas. Manipulating time pressure results in collisions that occur at varying time intervals (4 s, 5 s, 7s). Manipulating time pressure helps investigate how time pressure may influence drivers’ response behavior. Thirty-one undergraduates participated in this study using a STISM driving simulator to respond to driving moral dilemmas. The results indicated that the percentage of utilitarian choices generally increased when given more time to respond (from 4 s to 7 s). Additionally, participants in vehicle scenarios preferred responding right over responding left. Impulsiveness did not influence utilitarian choices. However, as time pressure decreased, response time increased. Findings have potential implications and applications on the regulation of driver assistance technologies and AVs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20pressure" title="time pressure">time pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automobile%20moral%20dilemmas" title=" automobile moral dilemmas"> automobile moral dilemmas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulsiveness" title=" impulsiveness"> impulsiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20time" title=" reaction time"> reaction time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177790/investigation-of-time-pressure-and-instinctive-reaction-in-moral-dilemmas-while-driving" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">530</span> Analysis of the Effects of Vibrations on Tractor Drivers by Measurements With Wearable Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gubiani%20Rino">Gubiani Rino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicola%20Zucchiatti"> Nicola Zucchiatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Da%20Broi%20Ugo"> Da Broi Ugo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bietresato%20Marco"> Bietresato Marco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of vibrations in agriculture is very important due to the different types of machinery used for the different types of soil in which work is carried out. One of the most commonly used machines is the tractor, where the phenomenon has been studied for a long time by measuring the whole body and placing the sensor on the seat. However, this measurement system does not take into account the characteristics of the drivers, such as their body index (BMI), their gender (male, female) or the muscle fatigue they are subjected to, which is highly dependent on their age for example. The aim of the research was therefore to place sensors not only on the seat but along the spinal column to check the transmission of vibration on drivers with different BMI on different tractors and at different travel speeds and of different genders. The test was also done using wearable sensors such as a dynamometer applied to the muscles, the data of which was correlated with the vibrations produced by the tractor. Initial data show that even on new tractors with pneumatic seats, the vibrations attenuate little and are still correlated with the roughness of the track travelled and the forward speed. Another important piece of data are the root-mean square values referred to 8 hours (A(8)x,y,z) and the maximum transient vibration values (MTVVx,y,z) and, the latter, the MTVVz values were problematic (limiting factor in most cases) and always aggravated by the speed. The MTVVx values can be lowered by having a tyre-pressure adjustment system, able to properly adjust the tire pressure according to the specific situation (ground, speed) in which a tractor is operating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title="fatigue">fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect%20vibration%20on%20health" title=" effect vibration on health"> effect vibration on health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tractor%20driver%20vibrations" title=" tractor driver vibrations"> tractor driver vibrations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration" title=" vibration"> vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20skeleton%20disorders" title=" muscle skeleton disorders"> muscle skeleton disorders</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174066/analysis-of-the-effects-of-vibrations-on-tractor-drivers-by-measurements-with-wearable-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">529</span> Unattended Crowdsensing Method to Monitor the Quality Condition of Dirt Roads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matias%20Micheletto">Matias Micheletto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodrigo%20Santos"> Rodrigo Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20F.%20Ochoa"> Sergio F. Ochoa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In developing countries, the most roads in rural areas are dirt road. They require frequent maintenance since are affected by erosive events, such as rain or wind, and the transit of heavy-weight trucks and machinery. Early detection of damages on the road condition is a key aspect, since it allows to reduce the main-tenance time and cost, and also the limitations for other vehicles to travel through. Most proposals that help address this problem require the explicit participation of drivers, a permanent internet connection, or important instrumentation in vehicles or roads. These constraints limit the suitability of these proposals when applied into developing regions, like in Latin America. This paper proposes an alternative method, based on unattended crowdsensing, to determine the quality of dirt roads in rural areas. This method involves the use of a mobile application that complements the road condition surveys carried out by organizations in charge of the road network maintenance, giving them early warnings about road areas that could be requiring maintenance. Drivers can also take advantage of the early warnings while they move through these roads. The method was evaluated using information from a public dataset. Although they are preliminary, the results indicate the proposal is potentially suitable to provide awareness about dirt roads condition to drivers, transportation authority and road maintenance companies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dirt%20roads%20automatic%20quality%20assessment" title="dirt roads automatic quality assessment">dirt roads automatic quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20system" title=" collaborative system"> collaborative system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unattended%20crowdsensing%20method" title=" unattended crowdsensing method"> unattended crowdsensing method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roads%20quality%20awareness%20provision" title=" roads quality awareness provision"> roads quality awareness provision</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139484/unattended-crowdsensing-method-to-monitor-the-quality-condition-of-dirt-roads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">528</span> Correlates of Modes of Transportation to Work among Working Adults in Ernakulam District, Kerala</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjaly%20Joseph">Anjaly Joseph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elezebeth%20Mathews"> Elezebeth Mathews</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transportation and urban planning is the least recognised area for physical activity promotion in India, unlike developed regions. Identifying the preferred transportation modalities and factors associated with it is essential to address these lacunae. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of modes of transportation to work, and its correlates among working adults in Ernakulam District, Kerala. A cross sectional study was conducted among 350 working individuals in the age group of 18-60 years, selected through multi-staged stratified random sampling in Ernakulam district of Kerala. The inclusion criteria were working individuals 18-60 years, workplace at a distance of more than 1 km from the home and who worked five or more days a week. Pregnant women/women on maternity leave and drivers (taxi drivers, autorickshaw drivers, and lorry drivers) were excluded. An interview schedule was used to capture the modes of transportation namely, public, private and active transportation, socio demographic details, travel behaviour, anthropometric measurements and health status. Nearly two-thirds (64 percent) of them used private transportation to work, while active commuters were only 6.6 percent. The correlates identified for active commuting compared to other modes were low socio-economic status (OR=0.22, CI=0.5-0.85) and presence of a driving license (OR=4.95, CI= 1.59-15.45). The correlates identified for public transportation compared to private transportation were female gender (OR= 17.79, CI= 6.26-50.31), low income (OR=0.33, CI= 0.11-0.93), being unmarried (OR=5.19, CI=1.46-8.37), presence of no or only one private vehicle in the house (OR=4.23, CI=1.24-20.54) and presence of convenient public transportation facility to workplace (OR=3.97, CI= 1.66-9.47). The association between body mass index (BMI) and public transportation were explored and found that public transport users had lesser BMI than private commuters (OR=2.30, CI=1.23-4.29). Policies that encourage active and public transportation needs to be introduced such as discouraging private vehicle through taxes, introduction of convenient and safe public transportation facility, walking/cycling paths, and paid parking facility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20transportation" title="active transportation">active transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlates" title=" correlates"> correlates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transportation" title=" public transportation"> public transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation%20modes" title=" transportation modes"> transportation modes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92151/correlates-of-modes-of-transportation-to-work-among-working-adults-in-ernakulam-district-kerala" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">527</span> Drivers on Climate in a Neotropical City: Urbanizations and Natural Variability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuria%20Vargas">Nuria Vargas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frances%20Rodriguez"> Frances Rodriguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neotropical medium cities have opportunities to develop in a good manner. Xalapa City (Veracruz capital, Mexico) and its metropolitan region, near to the Gulf of Mexico, has already <1 million inhabitants, a medium city size, but it’s growing rapidly as several cities in Latin America. Inside a landscape where it had been a forest cloud and coffee land, emerges the city with an irregular topography. The rapid grow of the urbanization and the loss of vegetation has result in a change on the climate parameters. Frequently warms spells, floods and landslides had been impacted last 2 decades, also a higher incidence of dengue and diarrhea is mentioned in the region. Therefore, the analysis of hydrometeorological events is crucial to understand the role they play in its problem. The urbanization and others radiative forces has created a modulation that can explain the decadal climate changes on the Xalapa region. The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation directly influences the temperature and precipitation of the region, even more than climate change does. The total effect of these drivers can create a significant context that origin more risk. However, the most policies frequently consider only the climate change as a principal factor, but other drivers are important to consider and evaluate for the implementation of actions that improve our ambient and cities, in a context of climate change. Medium-sized cities could create better conditions for future citizens, preventing with urban planning that considers possible risks associated with weather and climate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20variability" title="natural variability">natural variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atlantic%20multidecadal%20oscillation" title=" atlantic multidecadal oscillation"> atlantic multidecadal oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%20changes" title=" land use changes"> land use changes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183987/drivers-on-climate-in-a-neotropical-city-urbanizations-and-natural-variability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">526</span> Assessment of Factors Influencing Business Process Harmonization: A Case Study in an Industrial Company</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20J.%20M.%20Trienekens">J. J. M. Trienekens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20L.%20Romero"> H. L. Romero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Cuenca"> L. Cuenca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While process harmonization is increasingly mentioned and unanimously associated with several benefits, there is a need for more understanding of how it contributes to business process redesign and improvement. This paper presents the application, in an industrial case study, of a conceptual harmonization model on the relationship between drivers and effects of process harmonization. The drivers are called contextual factors which influence harmonization. Assessment of these contextual factors in a particular business domain, clarifies the extent of harmonization that can be achieved, or that should be strived at. The case study shows how the conceptual harmonization model can be made operational and can act as a valuable assessment tool. From both qualitative, as well as some quantitative, assessment results, insights are being discussed on the extent of harmonization that can be achieved, and action plans are being defined for business (process) harmonization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20factors" title=" contextual factors"> contextual factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20harmonization" title=" process harmonization"> process harmonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20company" title=" industrial company"> industrial company</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14973/assessment-of-factors-influencing-business-process-harmonization-a-case-study-in-an-industrial-company" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">525</span> Opportunities and Challenges of Omni Channel Retailing in the Emerging Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Ahmed">Salma Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anil%20Kumar"> Anil Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper develops and estimates a model for understanding the drivers and barriers for Omni-Channel retail. This study serves as one of the first attempt to empirically test the effect of various factors on Omni-channel retail. Omni-channel is relative new and evolving, we hypothesize three drivers: (1) Innovative sales and marketing opportunities, (2) channel migration, (3) Cross channel synergies; and three barriers: (1) Integrated sales and marketing operations, (2) Visibility and synchronization (3) Integration and Technology challenges. The findings from the study strongly support that Omni-channel effects exist between cross channel synergy and channel migration. However, it partially supports innovative sales and marketing operations. We also found the variables which we identified as barriers to Omni-channel retail have a strong impact on Omni-channel retail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retailing" title="retailing">retailing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multichannel" title=" multichannel"> multichannel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omni-channel" title=" Omni-channel"> Omni-channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20market" title=" emerging market "> emerging market </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24135/opportunities-and-challenges-of-omni-channel-retailing-in-the-emerging-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">558</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">524</span> Evaluating Bus System as a Transportation Mode in Gaza Strip–Palestine Using GIS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alokshiya">Mohammed Alokshiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaeddinne%20D.%20Eljamassi"> Alaeddinne D. Eljamassi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study discusses the condition of bus service in Gaza Strip through testing certain hypotheses assuming that public is not satisfied with bus system in Gaza. This testing is proceeded using questionnaire. The study also includes the evaluation of ten bus stops in Gaza city as a case study using GIS, and suggests a design case study for the bus system in the university zone in Gaza city. The research indicates that there is a general dissatisfaction with bus system in Gaza Strip, with respect to buses in service, drivers and bus stops. The study also gives a design for a bus stop and its frequency in university zone in Gaza city. Finally, the researcher recommends that more interest should be given to bus system, through actual procedures such as insuring the suitability of bus for transferring passengers before updating bus license, decreasing taxes of importing new buses, and holding awareness raising sessions for bus drivers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transport" title="public transport">public transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bus%20system" title=" bus system"> bus system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20satisfaction" title=" public satisfaction"> public satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bus%20stop%20locating" title=" bus stop locating"> bus stop locating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35746/evaluating-bus-system-as-a-transportation-mode-in-gaza-strip-palestine-using-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35746.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">523</span> Incentive Policies to Promote Green Infrastructure in Urban Jordan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zayed%20Freah%20Zeadat">Zayed Freah Zeadat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The wellbeing of urban dwellers is strongly associated with the quality and quantity of green infrastructure. Nevertheless, urban green infrastructure is still lagging in many Arab cities, and Jordan is no exception. The capital city of Jordan, Amman, is becoming more urban dense with limited green spaces. The unplanned urban growth in Amman has caused several environmental problems such as urban heat islands, air pollution, and lack of green spaces. This study aims to investigate the most suitable drivers to leverage the implementation of urban green infrastructure in Jordan through qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative research includes an extensive literature review to discuss the most common drivers used internationally to promote urban green infrastructure implementation in the literature. The quantitative study employs a questionnaire survey to rank the suitability of each driver. Consultants, contractors, and policymakers were invited to fill the research questionnaire according to their judgments and opinions. Relative Importance Index has been used to calculate the weighted average of all drivers and the Kruskal-Wallis test to check the degree of agreement among groups. This study finds that research participants agreed that indirect financial incentives (i.e., tax reductions, reduction in stormwater utility fee, reduction of interest rate, density bonus, etc.) are the most effective incentive policy whilst granting sustainability certificate policy is the least effective driver to ensure widespread of UGI is elements in Jordan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20green%20infrastructure" title="urban green infrastructure">urban green infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20importance%20index" title=" relative importance index"> relative importance index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20development" title=" sustainable urban development"> sustainable urban development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20Jordan" title=" urban Jordan"> urban Jordan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143800/incentive-policies-to-promote-green-infrastructure-in-urban-jordan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">522</span> Optimizing the Location of Parking Areas Adapted for Dangerous Goods in the European Road Transport Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20Dolores%20Caro">María Dolores Caro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugenio%20M.%20Fedriani"> Eugenio M. Fedriani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81ngel%20F.%20Tenorio"> Ángel F. Tenorio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The transportation of dangerous goods by lorries throughout Europe must be done by using the roads conforming the European Road Transport Network. In this network, there are several parking areas where lorry drivers can park to rest according to the regulations. According to the "European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road", parking areas where lorries transporting dangerous goods can park to rest, must follow several security stipulations to keep safe the rest of road users. At this respect, these lorries must be parked in adapted areas with strict and permanent surveillance measures. Moreover, drivers must satisfy several restrictions about resting and driving time. Under these facts, one may expect that there exist enough parking areas for the transport of this type of goods in order to obey the regulations prescribed by the European Union and its member countries. However, the already-existing parking areas are not sufficient to cover all the stops required by drivers transporting dangerous goods. Our main goal is, starting from the already-existing parking areas and the loading-and-unloading location, to provide an optimal answer to the following question: how many additional parking areas must be built and where must they be located to assure that lorry drivers can transport dangerous goods following all the stipulations about security and safety for their stops? The sense of the word “optimal” is due to the fact that we give a global solution for the location of parking areas throughout the whole European Road Transport Network, adjusting the number of additional areas to be as lower as possible. To do so, we have modeled the problem using graph theory since we are working with a road network. As nodes, we have considered the locations of each already-existing parking area, each loading-and-unloading area each road bifurcation. Each road connecting two nodes is considered as an edge in the graph whose weight corresponds to the distance between both nodes in the edge. By applying a new efficient algorithm, we have found the additional nodes for the network representing the new parking areas adapted for dangerous goods, under the fact that the distance between two parking areas must be less than or equal to 400 km. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trans-european%20transport%20network" title="trans-european transport network">trans-european transport network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dangerous%20goods" title=" dangerous goods"> dangerous goods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parking%20areas" title=" parking areas"> parking areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph-based%20modeling" title=" graph-based modeling"> graph-based modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29859/optimizing-the-location-of-parking-areas-adapted-for-dangerous-goods-in-the-european-road-transport-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">521</span> Verification of the Effect of the Hazard-Perception Training Tool for Drivers Ported from a Tablet Device to a Smartphone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Shimazaki">K. Shimazaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mishina"> M. Mishina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Fujii"> A. Fujii</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a previous study, we developed a hazard-perception training tool for drivers using a tablet device and verified its effectiveness. Accident movies recorded by drive recorders were separated into scenes before and after the collision. The scene before the collision is presented to the driver. The driver then touches the screen to point out where he/she feels danger. After the screen is touched, the tool presents the collision scene and tells the driver if what he/she pointed out is correct. Various effects were observed such as this tool increased the discovery rate of collision targets and reduced the reaction time. In this study, we optimized this tool for the smartphone and verified its effectiveness. Verifying in the same way as in the previous study on tablet devices clarified that the same effect can be obtained on the smartphone screen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazard%20perception" title="hazard perception">hazard perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone" title=" smartphone"> smartphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tablet%20devices" title=" tablet devices"> tablet devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driver%20education" title=" driver education"> driver education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75831/verification-of-the-effect-of-the-hazard-perception-training-tool-for-drivers-ported-from-a-tablet-device-to-a-smartphone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">520</span> Drivers of Liking: Probiotic Petit Suisse Cheese</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helena%20Bolini">Helena Bolini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erick%20Esmerino"> Erick Esmerino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adriano%20Cruz"> Adriano Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliana%20Paixao"> Juliana Paixao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The currently concern for health has increased demand for low-calorie ingredients and functional foods as probiotics. Understand the reasons that infer on food choice, besides a challenging task, it is important step for development and/or reformulation of existing food products. The use of appropriate multivariate statistical techniques, such as External Preference Map (PrefMap), associated with regression by Partial Least Squares (PLS) can help in determining those factors. Thus, this study aimed to determine, through PLS regression analysis, the sensory attributes considered drivers of liking in probiotic petit suisse cheeses, strawberry flavor, sweetened with different sweeteners. Five samples in same equivalent sweetness: PROB1 (Sucralose 0.0243%), PROB2 (Stevia 0.1520%), PROB3 (Aspartame 0.0877%), PROB4 (Neotame 0.0025%) and PROB5 (Sucrose 15.2%) determined by just-about-right and magnitude estimation methods, and three commercial samples COM1, COM2 and COM3, were studied. Analysis was done over data coming from QDA, performed by 12 expert (highly trained assessors) on 20 descriptor terms, correlated with data from assessment of overall liking in acceptance test, carried out by 125 consumers, on all samples. Sequentially, results were submitted to PLS regression using XLSTAT software from Byossistemes. As shown in results, it was possible determine, that three sensory descriptor terms might be considered drivers of liking of probiotic petit suisse cheese samples added with sweeteners (p<0.05). The milk flavor was noticed as a sensory characteristic with positive impact on acceptance, while descriptors bitter taste and sweet aftertaste were perceived as descriptor terms with negative impact on acceptance of petit suisse probiotic cheeses. It was possible conclude that PLS regression analysis is a practical and useful tool in determining drivers of liking of probiotic petit suisse cheeses sweetened with artificial and natural sweeteners, allowing food industry to understand and improve their formulations maximizing the acceptability of their products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceptance" title="acceptance">acceptance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer" title=" consumer"> consumer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20descriptive%20analysis" title=" quantitative descriptive analysis"> quantitative descriptive analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sweetener" title=" sweetener"> sweetener</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23155/drivers-of-liking-probiotic-petit-suisse-cheese" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">519</span> An Iberian Study about Location of Parking Areas for Dangerous Goods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20Dolores%20Caro">María Dolores Caro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugenio%20M.%20Fedriani"> Eugenio M. Fedriani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81ngel%20F.%20Tenorio"> Ángel F. Tenorio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When lorries transport dangerous goods, there exist some legal stipulations in the European Union for assuring the security of the rest of road users as well as of those goods being transported. At this respect, lorry drivers cannot park in usual parking areas, because they must use parking areas with special conditions, including permanent supervision of security personnel. Moreover, drivers are compelled to satisfy additional regulations about resting and driving times, which involve in the practical possibility of reaching the suitable parking areas under these time parameters. The “European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road” (ADR) is the basic regulation on transportation of dangerous goods imposed under the recommendations of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Indeed, nowadays there are no enough parking areas adapted for dangerous goods and no complete study have suggested the best locations to build new areas or to adapt others already existing to provide the areas being necessary so that lorry drivers can follow all the regulations. The goal of this paper is to show how many additional parking areas should be built in the Iberian Peninsula to allow that lorry drivers may park in such areas under their restrictions in resting and driving time. To do so, we have modeled the problem via graph theory and we have applied a new efficient algorithm which determines an optimal solution for the problem of locating new parking areas to complement those already existing in the ADR for the Iberian Peninsula. The solution can be considered minimal since the number of additional parking areas returned by the algorithm is minimal in quantity. Obviously, graph theory is a natural way to model and solve the problem here proposed because we have considered as nodes: the already-existing parking areas, the loading-and-unloading locations and the bifurcations of roads; while each edge between two nodes represents the existence of a road between both nodes (the distance between nodes is the edge's weight). Except for bifurcations, all the nodes correspond to parking areas already existing and, hence, the problem corresponds to determining the additional nodes in the graph such that there are less up to 100 km between two nodes representing parking areas. (maximal distance allowed by the European regulations). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dangerous%20goods" title="dangerous goods">dangerous goods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parking%20areas" title=" parking areas"> parking areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iberian%20peninsula" title=" Iberian peninsula"> Iberian peninsula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph-based%20modeling" title=" graph-based modeling"> graph-based modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28006/an-iberian-study-about-location-of-parking-areas-for-dangerous-goods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">585</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">518</span> Fighting for What’s Fair: Illegitimacy Appraisals as Drivers of Different Collective Action Responses to Economic Inequality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finn%20Lannon">Finn Lannon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenny%20Roth"> Jenny Roth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roland%20Deutsch"> Roland Deutsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Igou"> Eric Igou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The world continues to be rife with economic inequality, which has an impact on how people think and behaves in response to large and often growing gaps in wealth. Large gaps in earnings between groups within a particular organization, area or society can create tension between groups. Collective action tendencies (to protest, sign a petition, vote on behalf of an ingroup etc.) are also a growing phenomenon globally. Research shows that economic inequality promotes social processes such as appraisals of illegitimacy, which are recognized antecedents of collective action. This paper examines different types of collective action intentions among middle-status group members in response to economic inequality in two studies. Study 1 (N = 72) demonstrates a causal link between high economic inequality and collective action intentions of middle-status group members both to reduce inequality and to improve group status. A second pre-registered study (N = 432) examines key drivers of these relationships, including illegitimacy appraisals and direction of intergroup comparison. Adding to the current understanding of the topic, distinctions between the illegitimacy of one’s group status and the illegitimacy of societal inequality are found to mediate key relationships between economic inequality and relevant collective action types. The direction of intergroup comparison (upwards vs. downwards) is also shown to have a significant impact on collective action intentions to improve group status. Findings add to the understanding of the consequences of economic inequality and drivers of collective action intentions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20inequality" title="economic inequality">economic inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20action" title=" collective action"> collective action</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legitimacy" title=" legitimacy"> legitimacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20psychology" title=" social psychology"> social psychology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164373/fighting-for-whats-fair-illegitimacy-appraisals-as-drivers-of-different-collective-action-responses-to-economic-inequality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">517</span> The Effects of Billboard Content and Visible Distance on Driver Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arsalan%20Hassan%20Pour">Arsalan Hassan Pour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansoureh%20Jeihani"> Mansoureh Jeihani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20%20Ahangari"> Samira Ahangari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Distracted driving has been one of the most integral concerns surrounding our daily use of vehicles since the invention of the automobile. While much attention has been recently given to cell phones related distraction, commercial billboards along roads are also candidates for drivers' visual and cognitive distractions, as they may take drivers’ eyes from the road and their minds off the driving task to see, perceive and think about the billboard’s content. Using a driving simulator and a head-mounted eye-tracking system, speed change, acceleration, deceleration, throttle response, collision, lane changing, and offset from the center of the lane data along with gaze fixation duration and frequency data were collected in this study. Some 92 participants from a fairly diverse sociodemographic background drove on a simulated freeway in Baltimore, Maryland area and were exposed to three different billboards to investigate the effects of billboards on drivers’ behavior. Participants glanced at the billboards several times with different frequencies, the maximum of which occurred on the billboard with the highest cognitive load. About 74% of the participants didn’t look at billboards for more than two seconds at each glance except for the billboard with a short visible area. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to find the variations in driving behavior when they are invisible, readable, and post billboards area. The results show a slight difference in speed, throttle, brake, steering velocity, and lane changing, among different areas. Brake force and deviation from the center of the lane increased in the readable area in comparison with the visible area, and speed increased right after each billboard. The results indicated that billboards have a significant effect on driving performance and visual attention based on their content and visibility status. Generalized linear model (GLM) analysis showed no connection between participants’ age and driving experience with gaze duration. However, the visible distance of the billboard, gender, and billboard content had a significant effect on gaze duration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANOVA" title="ANOVA">ANOVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=billboards" title=" billboards"> billboards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distracted%20driving" title=" distracted driving"> distracted driving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drivers%27%20behavior" title=" drivers' behavior"> drivers' behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20simulator" title=" driving simulator"> driving simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye-Tracking%20system" title=" eye-Tracking system"> eye-Tracking system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GLM" title=" GLM"> GLM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118543/the-effects-of-billboard-content-and-visible-distance-on-driver-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">516</span> Urban Growth Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks in Athens, Greece </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrios%20Triantakonstantis">Dimitrios Triantakonstantis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demetris%20Stathakis"> Demetris Stathakis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban areas have been expanded throughout the globe. Monitoring and modeling urban growth have become a necessity for a sustainable urban planning and decision making. Urban prediction models are important tools for analyzing the causes and consequences of urban land use dynamics. The objective of this research paper is to analyze and model the urban change, which has been occurred from 1990 to 2000 using CORINE land cover maps. The model was developed using drivers of urban changes (such as road distance, slope, etc.) under an Artificial Neural Network modeling approach. Validation was achieved using a prediction map for 2006 which was compared with a real map of Urban Atlas of 2006. The accuracy produced a Kappa index of agreement of 0,639 and a value of Cramer's V of 0,648. These encouraging results indicate the importance of the developed urban growth prediction model which using a set of available common biophysical drivers could serve as a management tool for the assessment of urban change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title="artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CORINE" title=" CORINE"> CORINE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20atlas" title=" urban atlas"> urban atlas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20growth%20prediction" title=" urban growth prediction"> urban growth prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24994/urban-growth-prediction-using-artificial-neural-networks-in-athens-greece" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">534</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">515</span> Monitoring Land Cover/Land Use Change in Rupandehi District by Optimising Remotely Sensed Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hritik%20Bhattarai">Hritik Bhattarai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Land use and land cover play a crucial role in preserving and managing Earth's natural resources. Various factors, such as economic, demographic, social, cultural, technological, and environmental processes, contribute to changes in land use and land cover (LULC). Rupandehi District is significantly influenced by a combination of driving forces, including its geographical location, rapid population growth, economic opportunities, globalization, tourism activities, and political events. Urbanization and urban growth in the region have been occurring in an unplanned manner, with internal migration and natural population growth being the primary contributors. Internal migration, particularly from neighboring districts in the higher and lower Himalayan regions, has been high, leading to increased population growth and density. This study utilizes geospatial technology, specifically geographic information system (GIS), to analyze and illustrate the land cover and land use changes in the Rupandehi district for the years 2009 and 2019, using freely available Landsat images. The identified land cover categories include built-up area, cropland, Das-Gaja, forest, grassland, other woodland, riverbed, and water. The statistical analysis of the data over the 10-year period (2009-2019) reveals significant percentage changes in LULC. Notably, Das-Gaja shows a minimal change of 99.9%, while water and forest exhibit increases of 34.5% and 98.6%, respectively. Riverbed and built-up areas experience changes of 95.3% and 39.6%, respectively. Cropland and grassland, however, show concerning decreases of 102.6% and 140.0%, respectively. Other woodland also indicates a change of 50.6%. The most noteworthy trends are the substantial increase in water areas and built-up areas, leading to the degradation of agricultural and open spaces. This emphasizes the urgent need for effective urban planning activities to ensure the development of a sustainable city. While Das-Gaja seems unaffected, the decreasing trends in cropland and grassland, accompanied by the increasing built-up areas, are unsatisfactory. It is imperative for relevant authorities to be aware of these trends and implement proactive measures for sustainable urban development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%20and%20land%20cover" title="land use and land cover">land use and land cover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial" title=" geospatial"> geospatial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20development" title=" sustainable urban development"> sustainable urban development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180550/monitoring-land-coverland-use-change-in-rupandehi-district-by-optimising-remotely-sensed-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180550.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LULC%20drivers&page=3" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LULC%20drivers&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LULC%20drivers&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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