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pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:JariahDenai" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Jariah</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:RundiangDenai" title="Parundiangan tantang suntiangan dari IP ko [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Rundiang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syaraik-syaraik_ilmu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syaraik-syaraik_ilmu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Syaraik-syaraik ilmu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syaraik-syaraik_ilmu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pamodelan,_teori,_jo_hukum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pamodelan,_teori,_jo_hukum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pamodelan, teori, jo hukum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pamodelan,_teori,_jo_hukum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bidang-bidang_keilmuan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bidang-bidang_keilmuan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bidang-bidang keilmuan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bidang-bidang_keilmuan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Bidang-bidang keilmuan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bidang-bidang_keilmuan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ilmu_alam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ilmu_alam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ilmu alam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ilmu_alam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ilmu_sosial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ilmu_sosial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Ilmu sosial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ilmu_sosial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ilmu_terapan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ilmu_terapan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Ilmu terapan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ilmu_terapan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dampak_karya_dari_penelitian_ilmiah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dampak_karya_dari_penelitian_ilmiah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Dampak karya dari penelitian ilmiah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dampak_karya_dari_penelitian_ilmiah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujuakan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujuakan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rujuakan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujuakan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ilimu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 241 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-241" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">241 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenskap" title="Wetenskap – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wetenskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissenschaft" title="Wissenschaft – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wissenschaft" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" title="ሳይንስ – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳይንስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witancr%C3%A6ft" title="Witancræft – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Witancræft" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel nan tapiliah"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B5" title="صيونص – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="صيونص" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বিজ্ঞান – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="ГӀелму – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ГӀелму" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opa" title="Opa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Opa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatxatawi" title="Yatxatawi – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Yatxatawi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm" title="Elm – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel nan tapiliah"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Фән – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фән" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissnschoft" title="Wissnschoft – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wissnschoft" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muokslos" title="Muokslos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Muokslos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensya" title="Siyensya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Siyensya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Навука – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Навука" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Навука – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Навука" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="बिज्ञान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saens" title="Saens – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Saens" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="သိပ္ပံ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%94nniya" title="Dɔnniya – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dɔnniya" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বিজ্ঞান – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82" title="ཚན་རིག – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཚན་རིག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skiant" title="Skiant – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skiant" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmu" title="Elmu – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Elmu" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%94" title="ᨔᨕᨗᨊᨔ – Bugis" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨔᨕᨗᨊᨔ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Эрдэм ухаан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Эрдэм ухаан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia" title="Ciència – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciència" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku%C5%8F-h%C5%8Fk" title="Kuŏ-hŏk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Kuŏ-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ӏилма – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏилма" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamdag" title="Alamdag – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Alamdag" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A6%E1%8E%A5_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%8E%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%85" title="ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="زانست – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0lim" title="İlim – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İlim" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%9Bda" title="Věda – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Věda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99czba" title="Ùczba – Kashubia" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ùczba" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%82%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Ăслăх – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ăслăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyddoniaeth" title="Gwyddoniaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwyddoniaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videnskab" title="Videnskab – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Videnskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabibi" title="Tabibi – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tabibi" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissenschaft" title="Wissenschaft – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wissenschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zan%C4%B1%C5%9Fiye" title="Zanışiye – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zanışiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7" title="Επιστήμη – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιστήμη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienco" title="Scienco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Scienco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teadus" title="Teadus – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Teadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zientzia" title="Zientzia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zientzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ncia" title="Céncia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Céncia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiede" title="Tiede – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiid%C3%BCs" title="Tiidüs – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tiidüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakadidike" title="Vakadidike – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vakadidike" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedenskap" title="Wedenskap – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wedenskap" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sience" title="Sience – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sience" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittenskip" title="Wittenskip – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wittenskip" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eola%C3%ADocht" title="Eolaíocht – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="科學 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="科學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syans" title="Syans – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Syans" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saidheans" title="Saidheans – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Saidheans" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembikuaaty" title="Tembikuaaty – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tembikuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="વિજ્ઞાન – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિજ્ઞાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensiiaka" title="Siensiiaka – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Siensiiaka" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaylleeaght" title="Oaylleeaght – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Oaylleeaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Khô-ho̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khô-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akeakamai" title="Akeakamai – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Akeakamai" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2" title="מדע – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigyan" title="Vigyan – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Vigyan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Znanost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syans" title="Syans – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Syans" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tudom%C3%A1ny" title="Tudomány – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tudomány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գիտություն – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գիտութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գիտութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia" title="Scientia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scientia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel nan tapiliah"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientie" title="Scientie – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Scientie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amamihe" title="Amamihe – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Amamihe" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensia" title="Siensia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Siensia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ӏилма – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ӏилма" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cienco" title="Cienco – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cienco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADsindi" title="Vísindi – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vísindi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayans" title="Sayans – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Sayans" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/saske" title="saske – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="saske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lmu" title="Èlmu – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Èlmu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="მეცნიერება – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეცნიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilim" title="Ilim – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ilim" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussna" title="Tussna – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tussna" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C9%9B%C9%A3t%CA%8B" title="Lɛɣtʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Lɛɣtʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayen" title="Sayen – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Sayen" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizabu" title="Kizabu – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kizabu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Ғылым – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғылым" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A" title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="과학 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Илму – Karachai Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Илму" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachai Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%8E%D8%B3" title="ساینَس – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ساینَس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanist" title="Zanist – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zanist" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhonieth" title="Godhonieth – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Godhonieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Илим – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Илим" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia_(ratio)" title="Scientia (ratio) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scientia (ratio)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensia" title="Sensia – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Sensia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%ABssenschaft" title="Wëssenschaft – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wëssenschaft" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Илим – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Илим" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weitesjap" title="Weitesjap – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Weitesjap" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciensa" title="Sciensa – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sciensa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci%C3%ABnza" title="Sciënza – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Sciënza" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sienza" title="Sienza – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sienza" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ວິທະຍາສາດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວິທະຍາສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mokslas" title="Mokslas – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mokslas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zin%C4%81tne" title="Zinātne – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Тонадома – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Тонадома" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siansa" title="Siansa – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Siansa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Шанче – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шанче" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%ABtaiao" title="Pūtaiao – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pūtaiao" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ശാസ്ത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Шинжлэх ухаан – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шинжлэх ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A7%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1-%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="သိပ္ပံ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xjenza" title="Xjenza – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Xjenza" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ncia" title="Ciéncia – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ciéncia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="သိပ္ပံပညာ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သိပ္ပံပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тона – Eryza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тона" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Eryza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlamatiliztli" title="Tlamatiliztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlamatiliztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschop" title="Wetenschop – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wetenschop" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschop" title="Wetenschop – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Wetenschop" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="दुसिका – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="दुसिका" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschap" title="Wetenschap – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wetenschap" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitskap" title="Vitskap – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vitskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitenskap" title="Vitenskap – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vitenskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sientie" title="Sientie – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sientie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9F%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%9E%DF%8F" title="ߟߐ߲ߞߏ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߟߐ߲ߞߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienche" title="Scienche – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Scienche" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thutamahlale" title="Thutamahlale – Sotho Utara" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Thutamahlale" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Sotho Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci%C3%A9ncia" title="Sciéncia – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sciéncia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saayinsii" title="Saayinsii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Saayinsii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Зонад – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Зонад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensia" title="Siensia – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Siensia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienches" title="Scienches – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Scienches" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Pidgin Nigeria" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Pidgin Nigeria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="پوهنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Ciência – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciência" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamut%27ay" title="Hamut'ay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hamut'ay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza – Reto-Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Știință – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Știință" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C3%A2" title="Științâ – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Științâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="विज्ञानम् – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विज्ञानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85" title="Үөрэх – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Үөрэх" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isci%C3%A8ntzia" title="Iscièntzia – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Iscièntzia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamassant" title="Tamassant – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamassant" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="නවීන විද්‍යාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නවීන විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veda" title="Veda – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Veda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Znanost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saienisi" title="Saienisi – Samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Saienisi" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainzi" title="Sainzi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Sainzi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqoonmaal_(Saynis)" title="Aqoonmaal (Saynis) – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Aqoonmaal (Saynis)" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkenca" title="Shkenca – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkenca" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skoro" title="Skoro – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Skoro" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isayensi" title="Isayensi – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Isayensi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayense" title="Sayense – Sotho Selatan" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Sayense" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sotho Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lmu" title="Élmu – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Élmu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetenskap" title="Vetenskap – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayansi" title="Sayansi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayansi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அறிவியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அறிவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9E%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Илм – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Илм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วิทยาศาสตร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิทยาศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ylym" title="Ylym – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ylym" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agham" title="Agham – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agham" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm" title="Elm – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Elm" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saienisi" title="Saienisi – Tonga" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Saienisi" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel nan tapiliah"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilim" title="Bilim – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayensi" title="Sayensi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Sayensi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Фән – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фән" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasanthulo" title="Kasanthulo – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Kasanthulo" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyansahufo%C9%94" title="Nyansahufoɔ – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nyansahufoɔ" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan" title="Fan – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saintsi" title="Saintsi – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Saintsi" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedo" title="Tedo – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Tedo" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Khoa học – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weetnschap" title="Weetnschap – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Weetnschap" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolav" title="Nolav – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nolav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syince" title="Syince – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Syince" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syensya" title="Syensya – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Syensya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xam-xam" title="Xam-xam – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xam-xam" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzululwazi" title="Inzululwazi – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Inzululwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="მენცარობა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მენცარობა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98" title="וויסנשאפט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וויסנשאפט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1y%E1%BA%B9%CC%81ns%C3%AC" title="Sáyẹ́nsì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sáyẹ́nsì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gohyoz" title="Gohyoz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gohyoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/We%C3%AAtenschap" title="Weêtenschap – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Weêtenschap" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%87%B4" title="格致 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="格致" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Kho-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="科學 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="科學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzululwazi" title="Inzululwazi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inzululwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q336#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Suntiang pautan antarbahaso" class="wbc-editpage">Suntiang pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang namo"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ilimu" title="Caliak isi laman [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Laman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rundiang:Ilimu&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Parundiangan tantang isi laman (laman indak ado) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Rundiang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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href="/wiki/Ilimu"><span>Baco</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit" title="Suntiang laman ko [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Suntiang</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit" title="Suntiang kode sumber laman ko [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Suntiang sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=history" title="Revisi sabalunnyo dari laman ko [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Riwayaik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" 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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ilimu"><span>Baco</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit" title="Suntiang laman ko [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Suntiang</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit" title="Suntiang kode sumber laman ko [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Suntiang sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=history"><span>Riwayaik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:PautanBaliak/Ilimu" title="Daftar kasado laman wiki nan taubuang kamari [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan baliak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:ParubahanTakaik/Ilimu" rel="nofollow" title="Parubahan baru laman nan bakaik jo laman ko [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Parubahan takaik</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia Minangkabau - Lubuak aka tapian ilimu</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Dialiahkan dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu">Ilmu</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="min" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Estudiante_INTEC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Estudiante_INTEC.jpg/330px-Estudiante_INTEC.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="362" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Estudiante_INTEC.jpg/500px-Estudiante_INTEC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Estudiante_INTEC.jpg/543px-Estudiante_INTEC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="641" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption>Sebuah percobaan demi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ilmu pangatahuan</b> (kerap dipapendek manjadi <b>ilmu</b>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kata_serapan_dalam_bahasa_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kata serapan dalam bahasa Indonesia (laman indak ado)">serapan</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Bahaso_Arab" title="Bahaso Arab">bahaso Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">علم</span>‎) atau <b>sains</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kata_serapan_dalam_bahasa_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kata serapan dalam bahasa Indonesia (laman indak ado)">serapan</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Bahaso_Latin" title="Bahaso Latin">bahaso Latin</a>: <span lang="la"><i>scientia</i></span>) adolah suatu usaho sistematis jo <a href="/wiki/Metode_ilmiah" title="Metode ilmiah">metode ilmiah</a> dalam pangambangan dan panataan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengetahuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengetahuan (laman indak ado)">pangatahuan</a> nan dibuktikan jo panjelasan dan prediksi nan taruji sabagai pamahaman manusia tentang <a href="/wiki/Alam_semesta" class="mw-redirect" title="Alam semesta">alam semesta</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Dunia" title="Dunia">dunianyo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EOWilson1999a_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EOWilson1999a-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Heilbron_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heilbron-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Segi-segi ini dibatasi agar dihasilkan rumusan-rumusan yang pasti. Ilmu memberikan kepastian dengan membatasi lingkup pandangannya, dan kepastian ilmu-ilmu diperoleh dari keterbatasannya.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ilmu bukan sekadar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengetahuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengetahuan (laman indak ado)">pengetahuan</a> (<i>knowledge</i>), tetapi merangkum sekumpulan pengetahuan berdasarkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori (laman indak ado)">teori-teori</a> yang disepakati dan dapat secara sistematik diuji dengan seperangkat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metode (laman indak ado)">metode</a> yang diakui dalam bidang ilmu tertentu. Dipandang dari sudut filsafat, ilmu terbentuk karena manusia berusaha berpikir lebih jauh mengenai pengetahuan yang dimilikinya. Ilmu pengetahuan adalah produk dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epistemologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epistemologi (laman indak ado)">epistemologi</a>, dengan kata lain ilmu terbentuk dari 3 cabang filsafat yakni <a href="/wiki/Ontologi" title="Ontologi">ontologi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epistemologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epistemologi (laman indak ado)">epistemologi</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksiologi (laman indak ado)">aksiologi</a>, jika ketiga cabang itu terpenuhi berarti sah dan diakui sebagai sebuah ilmu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_alam" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu alam">Ilmu alam</a> hanya bisa menjadi pasti setelah lapangannya dibatasi ke dalam hal yang bahani (material saja), atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_psikologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu psikologi (laman indak ado)">ilmu psikologi</a> hanya bisa meramalkan perilaku manusia jika lingkup pandangannya dibatasi ke dalam segi umum dari perilaku manusia yang konkret. Berkenaan dengan contoh ini, ilmu-ilmu alam menjawab pertanyaan tentang berapa jarak matahari dan bumi, atau ilmu psikologi menjawab apakah seorang pemudi cocok menjadi perawat. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi">Etimologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Suntiang bagian: Etimologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/272px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" decoding="async" width="272" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/408px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/544px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Ilmu alam: <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Planet Mars</a> (kawan), Planet Mercury (kawan) <a href="/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan">Bulan</a> (kawan bawah), <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluton</a> (kawan tangah), jo Haumea (kawan di bawah), panambaian skala manggunokan diameter Sirius B.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kato ilmu dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahaso_Arab" title="Bahaso Arab">bahaso Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">علم</span>‎ ("<i>ilm</i>"),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang bararti mamahami, mangarati, atau mangatahui. Dalam kaitan panyerapan katonyo, ilmu pangatahuan dapek bararti mamahami suatu pangatahuan, jo ilmu sosial dapek bararti mangatahui masalah-masalah sosial, jo sabagainyo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Syaraik-syaraik_ilmu">Syaraik-syaraik ilmu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Suntiang bagian: Syaraik-syaraik ilmu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Syaraik-syaraik ilmu"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lainan jo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangatahuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangatahuan (laman indak ado)">pangatahuan</a>, ilmu adolah pangatahuan khusus tantang apo nan manyababkan suatu sasuatu jo baa mangako. Ado syarat <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ilmiah</a> sasuatu dapek disabuik sains.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sipaik ilmiah sabagai syarat sains banyak dipangaruhi paradigma sains alam nan ado sabalumnyo. </p> <ol><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objektivitas_(ilmu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Objektivitas (ilmu) (laman indak ado)">Objektif</a>. Ilmu harus punyo objek kajian nan tadiri dari satu kalompok masalah nan samo sipaiknyo, tampak dari lua atau babantuak dari dalam. Objeknyo dapek basipaik ado, atau mungkin ado dek karano masih harus diuji kabenarannyo. Dalam mangkaji objek, nan dicari adolah kabanaran, iyolah pasasuaian antaro pangatahuan jo objek, sainggo disabuik kasadonyo objektif; indak subjektif badasarkan subjek panaliti atau subjek pendukung penelitian.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metodis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metodis (laman indak ado)">Metode</a> adolah usaho-usaho nan dilakuan untuak maningkekkan kamungkinan ado gangguan dalam mancari kabanaran. Akienyo, ado caro untuak manjamin kasudahannyo. Metodis barasa dari <a href="/wiki/Bahaso_Yunani" title="Bahaso Yunani">bahaso Yunani</a> "Metodos" nan aratinyo: caro, jalan. Umumnyo metodis marupokan metode tatantu nan digunoan dan umumnyo marujuak kapado metode ilmiah.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistematis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistematis (laman indak ado)">Sistematis</a>. Dalam pajalanannyo untuak mangatawui jo manarangkan suatu objek, ilmu harus diurai jo diformulasikan dalam hubungan nan teratur jo logis sahinggo mambantuak suatu sistem nan manarangkan sacaro utuh, manyaluruah, tapadu, jo talok manarangkan rangkaian sabab-akibaik nan marujuak ka objeknyo. Pangatawuan nan disusun sacaro sistematis dalam rangkaian sabab-akibaik adolah syaraik sains katigo.</li> <li>Kabanaran nan digunoan adolah kabanaran universal nan basipaik umum (indak basipaik tatantu). Contoh: sagalo segitigo talatak di suduik 180 darajat. Karanonyo universal adolah syarat ilmu nan ka ampek. Balakangan, ilmu-ilmu sosial manyadari tingkat ka-umum-an (univesal) nan dikanduangnyo babeda jo ilmu alam, dek karano objeknyo adolah tindakan manusia. Dek karano itu, untuak mancapai tingkek universalitas dalam ilmu-ilmu sosial, paralu ado konteks jo sasuatu.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pamodelan,_teori,_jo_hukum"><span id="Pamodelan.2C_teori.2C_jo_hukum"></span>Pamodelan, teori, jo hukum</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Suntiang bagian: Pamodelan, teori, jo hukum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pamodelan, teori, jo hukum"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istilah "model", "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipotesis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotesis (laman indak ado)">hipotesis</a>", "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori (laman indak ado)">teori</a>", jo "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukum_(ilmu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hukum (ilmu) (laman indak ado)">hukum</a>" punyo arti nan babeda dalam ilmu kailmuan dari pangatahuan umum. Para ilmuwan manggunoan istilah <i>model</i> untuak manjalehan sasuatu, khususnyo nan dapek digunoan untuak mambuek dugaan nan dapek diuji jo malakukan eksperimen atau observasi. Sebuah <i>hipotesis</i> adolah dugaan nan alun didukung atau dibuktikan dek eksperimen, jo <i>hukum fisika</i> atau <i>hukum alam</i> adolah generalisasi ilmiah badasarkan observasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Empiris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Empiris (laman indak ado)">empiris</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bidang-bidang_keilmuan">Bidang-bidang keilmuan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Suntiang bagian: Bidang-bidang keilmuan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bidang-bidang keilmuan"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ilmu_alam">Ilmu alam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Suntiang bagian: Ilmu alam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ilmu alam"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika">Fisika</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akustik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akustik (laman indak ado)">Akustik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astrodinamika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astrodinamika (laman indak ado)">Astrodinamika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astrofisika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astrofisika (laman indak ado)">Astrofisika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi">Astronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biofisika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biofisika (laman indak ado)">Biofisika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_atomik,_molekul,_dan_optik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika atomik, molekul, dan optik (laman indak ado)">Fisika atomik, molekul, dan optik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_bahan_padat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika bahan padat (laman indak ado)">Fisika bahan padat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_komputasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika komputasi (laman indak ado)">Fisika komputasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinamika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinamika (laman indak ado)">Dinamika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinamika_fluida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinamika fluida (laman indak ado)">Dinamika fluida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinamika_kendaraan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinamika kendaraan (laman indak ado)">Dinamika kendaraan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_bahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika bahan (laman indak ado)">Fisika bahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_matematis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika matematis (laman indak ado)">Fisika matematis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_nuklir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika nuklir (laman indak ado)">Fisika nuklir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_partikel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika partikel (laman indak ado)">Fisika partikel</a> (atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_energi_tinggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika energi tinggi (laman indak ado)">fisika energi tinggi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_plasma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika plasma (laman indak ado)">Fisika plasma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisika_polimer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisika polimer (laman indak ado)">Fisika polimer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriogenik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kriogenik (laman indak ado)">Kriogenik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mekanika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mekanika (laman indak ado)">Mekanika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optik" title="Optik">Optik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi" title="Biologi">Biologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi">Anatomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antropologi_biologis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antropologi biologis (laman indak ado)">Antropologi biologis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobiologi" title="Astrobiologi">Astrobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biokimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biokimia (laman indak ado)">Biokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biofisika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biofisika (laman indak ado)">Biofisika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bioinformatika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bioinformatika (laman indak ado)">Bioinformatika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologi_air_tawar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologi air tawar (laman indak ado)">Biologi air tawar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologi_sel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologi sel (laman indak ado)">Biologi sel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologi_struktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologi struktur (laman indak ado)">Biologi struktur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologi_molekul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologi molekul (laman indak ado)">Biologi molekul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologi_pertumbuhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologi pertumbuhan (laman indak ado)">Biologi pertumbuhan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologi_pertumbuhan_evolusioner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologi pertumbuhan evolusioner (laman indak ado)">Biologi pertumbuhan evolusioner</a> ("Evo-devo" atau evolusi pertumbuhan)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologi_laut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologi laut (laman indak ado)">Biologi laut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Botani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Botani (laman indak ado)">Botani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekologi (laman indak ado)">Ekologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entomologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entomologi (laman indak ado)">Entomologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidemiologi" title="Epidemiologi">Epidemiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evolusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evolusi (laman indak ado)">Evolusi</a> (Biologi evolusioner)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fikologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fikologi (laman indak ado)">Fikologi</a> (Algologi)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filogeni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filogeni (laman indak ado)">Filogeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisiologi" title="Fisiologi">Fisiologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi" title="Biologi">Biologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genetika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genetika (laman indak ado)">Genetika</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Genetika_populasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genetika populasi (laman indak ado)">Genetika populasi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Genomika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genomika (laman indak ado)">Genomika</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proteomika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proteomika (laman indak ado)">Proteomika</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Histologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Histologi (laman indak ado)">Histologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_kesehatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu kesehatan">Ilmu kesehatan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Farmakologi" title="Farmakologi">Farmakologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hematologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hematologi (laman indak ado)">Hematologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunoserologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunoserologi (laman indak ado)">Imunoserologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedokteran" class="mw-redirect" title="Kedokteran">Kedokteran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kedokteran_gigi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kedokteran gigi (laman indak ado)">Kedokteran gigi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kedokteran_hewan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kedokteran hewan (laman indak ado)">Kedokteran hewan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Onkologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Onkologi (laman indak ado)">Onkologi</a> (ilmu kanker)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toksikologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toksikologi (laman indak ado)">Toksikologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_saraf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu saraf (laman indak ado)">Ilmu saraf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunologi (laman indak ado)">Imunologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kladistika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kladistika (laman indak ado)">Kladistika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrobiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrobiologi (laman indak ado)">Mikrobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morfologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morfologi (laman indak ado)">Morfologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ontogeni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ontogeni (laman indak ado)">Ontogeni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patologi (laman indak ado)">Patologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sitologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sitologi (laman indak ado)">Sitologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taksonomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taksonomi (laman indak ado)">Taksonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virologi (laman indak ado)">Virologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zoologi (laman indak ado)">Zoologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia">Kimia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biokimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biokimia (laman indak ado)">Biokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrokimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektrokimia (laman indak ado)">Elektrokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_bahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu bahan (laman indak ado)">Ilmu bahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_analitik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia analitik (laman indak ado)">Kimia analitik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_anorganik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia anorganik (laman indak ado)">Kimia anorganik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_fisik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia fisik (laman indak ado)">Kimia fisik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_komputasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia komputasi (laman indak ado)">Kimia komputasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_kuantum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia kuantum (laman indak ado)">Kimia kuantum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_organik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia organik (laman indak ado)">Kimia organik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spektroskopi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spektroskopi (laman indak ado)">Spektroskopi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereokimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stereokimia (laman indak ado)">Stereokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Termokimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termokimia (laman indak ado)">Termokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metode_Penelitian_Komunikasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metode Penelitian Komunikasi (laman indak ado)">Metode Penelitian Komunikasi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_bumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu bumi">Ilmu bumi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geodesi" title="Geodesi">Geodesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geografi" title="Geografi">Geografi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geologi (laman indak ado)">Geologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limnologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limnologi (laman indak ado)">Limnologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteorologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteorologi (laman indak ado)">Meteorologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oseanografi" title="Oseanografi">Oseanografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontologi" title="Paleontologi">Paleontologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seismologi" title="Seismologi">Seismologi</a>}}</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ilmu_sosial">Ilmu sosial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Suntiang bagian: Ilmu sosial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ilmu sosial"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antropologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antropologi (laman indak ado)">Antropologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arkeologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arkeologi (laman indak ado)">Arkeologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomi" title="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akuntansi" title="Akuntansi">Akuntansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manajemen" title="Manajemen">Manajemen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomi_Pembangunan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomi Pembangunan (laman indak ado)">Ekonomi Pembangunan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_politik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu politik (laman indak ado)">Ilmu politik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik">Linguistik</a> (Ilmu bahasa)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sosiologi (laman indak ado)">Sosiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kriminologi (laman indak ado)">Kriminologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukum" title="Hukum">Hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Administrasi_Negara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administrasi Negara (laman indak ado)">Administrasi Negara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Administrasi_Niaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administrasi Niaga (laman indak ado)">Administrasi Niaga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Administrasi_Fiskal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administrasi Fiskal (laman indak ado)">Administrasi Fiskal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_Komunikasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu Komunikasi (laman indak ado)">Ilmu Komunikasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_Pemerintahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu Pemerintahan (laman indak ado)">Ilmu Pemerintahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi (laman indak ado)">Psikologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Analisis_perilaku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analisis perilaku (laman indak ado)">Analisis perilaku</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biopsikologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biopsikologi (laman indak ado)">Biopsikologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neuropsikologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neuropsikologi (laman indak ado)">Neuropsikologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikofisika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikofisika (laman indak ado)">Psikofisika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikometri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikometri (laman indak ado)">Psikometri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_eksperimental&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi eksperimental (laman indak ado)">Psikologi eksperimental</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_forensik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi forensik (laman indak ado)">Psikologi forensik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_humanis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi humanis (laman indak ado)">Psikologi humanis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_industri_dan_organisasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi industri dan organisasi (laman indak ado)">Psikologi industri dan organisasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_kepribadian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi kepribadian (laman indak ado)">Psikologi kepribadian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_kesehatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi kesehatan (laman indak ado)">Psikologi kesehatan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_klinis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi klinis (laman indak ado)">Psikologi klinis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_kognitif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi kognitif (laman indak ado)">Psikologi kognitif</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_pendidikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi pendidikan (laman indak ado)">Psikologi pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_pertumbuhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi pertumbuhan (laman indak ado)">Psikologi pertumbuhan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_sensasi_dan_persepsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi sensasi dan persepsi (laman indak ado)">Psikologi sensasi dan persepsi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikologi_sosial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikologi sosial (laman indak ado)">Psikologi sosial</a></li> <li>Konseling</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ilmu_terapan">Ilmu terapan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Suntiang bagian: Ilmu terapan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ilmu terapan"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_Komputer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu Komputer (laman indak ado)">Ilmu Komputer</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Informatika (laman indak ado)">Informatika</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer">Ilmu komputer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sains_kognitif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sains kognitif (laman indak ado)">Ilmu kognitif</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Informatika (laman indak ado)">Informatika</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cybernetics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cybernetics (laman indak ado)">Cybernetics</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Systemics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Systemics (laman indak ado)">Systemics</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik (laman indak ado)">Teknik</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rekayasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rekayasa (laman indak ado)">Rekayasa</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_biomedis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu biomedis (laman indak ado)">Ilmu biomedis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_pertanian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu pertanian (laman indak ado)">Ilmu pertanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_listrik" title="Teknik listrik">Teknik listrik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_pertanian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik pertanian (laman indak ado)">Teknik pertanian</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dampak_karya_dari_penelitian_ilmiah">Dampak karya dari penelitian ilmiah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Suntiang bagian: Dampak karya dari penelitian ilmiah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dampak karya dari penelitian ilmiah"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Panamuan baru pado ilmu sains dasar dapek maubah dunia, contohnyo: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Panalitian</th> <th>Dampak </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Listrik_statis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Listrik statis (laman indak ado)">Listrik statis</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetisme (laman indak ado)">magnetisme</a> (1600)<br /><a href="/wiki/Arus_listrik" title="Arus listrik">Arus listrik</a> (abad 18)</td> <td>Sado paralatan listrik, dinamo, stasiun pambangkik listrik, <a href="/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a> modern, tamasuak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panarangan_listrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panarangan listrik (laman indak ado)">panarangan listrik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Televisi" title="Televisi">televisi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemanasan_listrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemanasan listrik (laman indak ado)">pemanasan listrik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pita_parekam_suaro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pita parekam suaro (laman indak ado)">pita parekam suaro</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangareh_suaro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangareh suaro (laman indak ado)">pangareh suaro</a>, ditambah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kompas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kompas (laman indak ado)">kompas</a> jo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panangkal_petir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panangkal petir (laman indak ado)">panangkal petir</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Difraksi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Difraksi (laman indak ado)">Difraksi</a> (1665)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Optik" title="Optik">Optik</a>, lalu kabel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiber_optik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiber optik (laman indak ado)">fiber optik</a> (1840s), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabel_komunikasi_bawah_lauik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabel komunikasi bawah lauik (laman indak ado)">komunikasi antaro banua</a> modern, <a href="/w/index.php?title=TV_kabel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TV kabel (laman indak ado)">TV kabel</a> jo internet. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_kuman_panyakik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori kuman panyakik (laman indak ado)">Teori kuman panyakik</a> (1700)</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Higienis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Higienis (laman indak ado)">Higienis</a>, mandorong pangurangan panyebaran panyakik indeksi; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antibodi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antibodi (laman indak ado)">Antibodi</a>, panamuan teknik untuak diagnosis panyakik jo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarapi_target&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarapi target (laman indak ado)">tarapi target</a> antikanker. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vaksinasi" title="Vaksinasi">Vaksinasi</a> (1798)</td> <td>Mandorong ka panghilangan babagai panyakit infeksi dari negara-negara maju jo pambarantasan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cacar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cacar (laman indak ado)">cacar</a> di saluruah dunia. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Efek_fotovoltaik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efek fotovoltaik (laman indak ado)">Efek fotovoltaik</a> (1839)</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sel_surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sel surya (laman indak ado)">Sel surya</a> (1883), lalu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanago_surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanago surya (laman indak ado)">tanago surya</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalkulator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalkulator (laman indak ado)">kalkulator</a> jo paralatan lainnyo. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">Orbit aneh dari planet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (laman indak ado)">merkurius</a> (1859) dan panalitian lainnyo</span><br />mandorong panamuan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Relativitas_khusus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relativitas khusus (laman indak ado)">relativitas khusus</a> (1905) jo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Relativitas_umum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relativitas umum (laman indak ado)">relativitas umum</a> (1916)</td> <td>Teknologi babasis satelit sarupo <a href="/w/index.php?title=GPS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GPS (laman indak ado)">GPS</a> (1973), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satnav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satnav (laman indak ado)">satnav</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Satelit_komunikasi" title="Satelit komunikasi">satelit komunikasi</a><sup id="cite_ref-nasa_2004_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa_2004-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galombang_radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galombang radio (laman indak ado)">Galombang radio</a> (1887)</td> <td>Radio kamudian digunokan dalam babagai macam kagunaan sarupo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telefoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telefoni (laman indak ado)">telefoni</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penyiaran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penyiaran (laman indak ado)">penyiaran</a> <a href="/wiki/Televisi" title="Televisi">televisi</a> (1927) jo <a href="/wiki/Hiburan" title="Hiburan">hiburan</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stasiun_radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stasiun radio (laman indak ado)">radio</a> (1906). Panggunaon lainnyo termasuk – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelayanan_gawat_darurat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelayanan gawat darurat (laman indak ado)">pelayanan gawat darurat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Navigasi" title="Navigasi">navigasi</a> jo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prediksi_cuaca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prediksi cuaca (laman indak ado)">prediksi cuaca</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kedokteran" class="mw-redirect" title="Kedokteran">kedokteran</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomi_radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomi radio (laman indak ado)">astronomi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunikasi_nirkabel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunikasi nirkabel (laman indak ado)">komunikasi nirkabel</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaringan_nirkabel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaringan nirkabel (laman indak ado)">jaringan nirkabel</a>. Frekuensi galombang radio juo digunokan untuak <a href="/wiki/Galombang_mikro" title="Galombang mikro">galombang mikro</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radioaktivitas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radioaktivitas (laman indak ado)">Radioaktivitas</a> (1896) dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antimateri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antimateri (laman indak ado)">antimateri</a> (1932)</td> <td>Pengobatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanker (laman indak ado)">kanker</a> (1896), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengukuran_radiometrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengukuran radiometrik (laman indak ado)">Pengukuran radiometrik</a> (1905), <a href="/wiki/Reaktor_nuklir" title="Reaktor nuklir">Reaktor nuklir</a> (1942) dan <a href="/wiki/Senjata_nuklir" class="mw-redirect" title="Senjata nuklir">senjata nuklir</a> (1945), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemindai_PET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemindai PET (laman indak ado)">Pemindai PET</a> (1961), dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penelitian_medis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penelitian medis (laman indak ado)">penelitian medis</a> (via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isotopic_labeling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isotopic labeling (laman indak ado)">isotopic labeling</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinar-X&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinar-X (laman indak ado)">Sinar-X</a> (1896)</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pencitraan_medis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pencitraan medis (laman indak ado)">Pencitraan medis</a>, termasuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomografi_komputasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomografi komputasi (laman indak ado)">tomografi komputasi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristalografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristalografi (laman indak ado)">Kristalografi</a> jo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mekanika_kuantum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mekanika kuantum (laman indak ado)">mekanika kuantum</a> (1900)</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alat_semikonduktor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alat semikonduktor (laman indak ado)">alat semikonduktor</a> (1906), kamudian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komputasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komputasi (laman indak ado)">komputasi</a> jo <a href="/wiki/Telekomunikasi" title="Telekomunikasi">telekomunikasi</a> modern tamasuak integrasi jo paralatan nirkabel: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telepon_seluler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telepon seluler (laman indak ado)">telepon seluler</a><sup id="cite_ref-nasa_2004_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa_2004-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Plastik" title="Plastik">Plastik</a> (1907)</td> <td>Dimulai jo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bakelit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bakelit (laman indak ado)">bakelit</a>, banyak tipe polimer buatan untuak babagai aplikasi industri jo kahidupan sahari-hari </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antibiotik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antibiotik (laman indak ado)">Antibiotik</a> (1880-an, 1928)</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvarsan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvarsan (laman indak ado)">Salvarsan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penisilin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penisilin (laman indak ado)">Penisilin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doksisiklin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doksisiklin (laman indak ado)">doksisiklin</a> dll. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonansi_magnetik_nuklir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resonansi magnetik nuklir (laman indak ado)">Resonansi magnetik nuklir</a> (1930-an)</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spektroskopi_resonansi_magnetik_nuklir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spektroskopi resonansi magnetik nuklir (laman indak ado)">Spektroskopi resonansi magnetik nuklir</a> (1946), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pencitraan_resonansi_magnetik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pencitraan resonansi magnetik (laman indak ado)">Pencitraan resonansi magnetik</a> (1971), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pencitraan_resonansi_magnetik_fungsional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pencitraan resonansi magnetik fungsional (laman indak ado)">Pencitraan resonansi magnetik fungsional</a> (1990-an). </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujuakan">Rujuakan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Suntiang bagian: Rujuakan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>suntiang</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Rujuakan"><span>suntiang sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Prof. Dr. C.A. van Peursen: Filsafat Sebagai Seni untuk Bertanya. Dikutip dari buku B. Arief Sidharta. Apakah Filsafat dan Filsafat Ilmu Itu?, Pustaka Sutra, Bandung 2008. Hal 7-11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EOWilson1999a-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EOWilson1999a_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Wilson, E.O. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/consilienceunity00wils_135">"The natural sciences"</a>. <i>Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge</i> (edisi ke-Reprint). New York, New York: Vintage. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/consilienceunity00wils_135/page/n55">49</a>–71. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:SumberBuku/978-0-679-76867-8" title="Istimewa:SumberBuku/978-0-679-76867-8">978-0-679-76867-8</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/consilienceunity00wils_135">https://archive.org/details/consilienceunity00wils_135</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+natural+sciences&rft.atitle=Consilience%3A+The+Unity+of+Knowledge&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=E.O.&rft.au=Wilson%2C%26%2332%3BE.O.&rft.date=1999&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconsilienceunity00wils_135%2Fpage%2Fn55+49%5D%E2%80%9371&rft.edition=Reprint&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.isbn=978-0-679-76867-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconsilienceunity00wils_135&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ilimu"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heilbron-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Heilbron_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._L._Heilbron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. L. Heilbron (laman indak ado)">Heilbron, J.L.</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000unse_s7n3">"Preface"</a>. <i>The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. vii–X. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:SumberBuku/978-0-19-511229-0" title="Istimewa:SumberBuku/978-0-19-511229-0">978-0-19-511229-0</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000unse_s7n3">https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000unse_s7n3</a></span>. "...modern science is a discovery as well as an invention. It was a discovery that nature generally acts regularly enough to be described by laws and even by mathematics; and required invention to devise the techniques, abstractions, apparatus, and organization for exhibiting the regularities and securing their law-like descriptions."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Preface&rft.atitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+the+History+of+Modern+Science&rft.aulast=Heilbron&rft.aufirst=J.L.&rft.au=Heilbron%2C%26%2332%3BJ.L.&rft.date=2003&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3Bvii%E2%80%93X&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-19-511229-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordcompaniont0000unse_s7n3&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ilimu"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Prof. Dr. C.A. van Peursen: Filsafat Sebagai Seni untuk Bertanya. Dikutip dari buku B. Arief Sidharta. Apakah Filsafat dan Filsafat Ilmu Itu?, Pustaka Sutra, Bandung 2008. Hal 7-11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wahid, Ramli Abdul. Ulumul Qu'ran, Grafindo, Jakarta, 1996, hal. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vardiansyah, Dani. Filsafat Ilmu Komunikasi: Suatu Pengantar, Indeks, Jakarta 2008. Halaman 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasa_2004-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nasa_2004_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2004/26mar_einstein">Evicting Einstein</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305020540/http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2004/26mar_einstein/">Archived</a> 2016-03-05 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., March 26, 2004, <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. <i>"Both [relativity and quantum mechanics] are extremely successful. The Global Positioning System (GPS), for instance, wouldn't be possible without the theory of relativity. Computers, telecommunications, and the Internet, meanwhile, are spin-offs of quantum mechanics."</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /><span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="min" dir="ltr">Kutipan rusak: Tag <code><ref></code> ado untuak grup banamo "nb", tapi indak ado <code><references group="nb"/></code></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambiak dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://min.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&oldid=3145970">https://min.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ilimu&oldid=3145970</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kategori" title="Istimewa:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Laman_ado_baso_Arab" title="Kategori:Laman ado baso Arab">Laman ado baso Arab</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Laman_ado_baso_Latin" title="Kategori:Laman ado baso Latin">Laman ado baso Latin</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori nan tasuruak: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_kesalahan_referensi" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan kesalahan referensi">Halaman dengan kesalahan referensi</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Laman ko taakhia diubah pado 09.01, tanggal 1 Desember 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks iko tasadio dalam <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Lisensi Atribusi-BabagiSarupo Creative Commons</a>; katantuan tambahan mungkin balaku. 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