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identification</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: blind system identification"> <meta name="keywords" content="blind system identification"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="blind system identification"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 20030</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: blind system identification</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20030</span> Digital Recording System Identification Based on Audio File</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Kulhandjian">Michel Kulhandjian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitris%20A.%20Pados"> Dimitris A. Pados</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this work is to develop a theoretical framework for reliable digital recording system identification from digital audio files alone, for forensic purposes. A digital recording system consists of a microphone and a digital sound processing card. We view the cascade as a system of unknown transfer function. We expect same manufacturer and model microphone-sound card combinations to have very similar/near identical transfer functions, bar any unique manufacturing defect. Input voice (or other) signals are modeled as non-stationary processes. The technical problem under consideration becomes blind deconvolution with non-stationary inputs as it manifests itself in the specific application of digital audio recording equipment classification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20system%20identification" title="blind system identification">blind system identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audio%20fingerprinting" title=" audio fingerprinting"> audio fingerprinting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20deconvolution" title=" blind deconvolution"> blind deconvolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20dereverberation" title=" blind dereverberation"> blind dereverberation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75122/digital-recording-system-identification-based-on-audio-file" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20029</span> Improved Multi-Channel Separation Algorithm for Satellite-Based Automatic Identification System Signals Based on Artificial Bee Colony and Adaptive Moment Estimation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Li">Peng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luan%20Wang"> Luan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haifeng%20Fei"> Haifeng Fei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renhong%20Xie"> Renhong Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yibin%20Rui"> Yibin Rui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanhong%20Guo"> Shanhong Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The applications of satellite-based automatic identification system (S-AIS) pave the road for wide-range maritime traffic monitoring and management. But the coverage of satellite’s view includes multiple AIS self-organizing networks, which leads to the collision of AIS signals from different cells. The contribution of this work is to propose an improved multi-channel blind source separation algorithm based on Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and advanced stochastic optimization to perform separation of the mixed AIS signals. The proposed approach adopts modified ABC algorithm to get an optimized initial separating matrix, which can expedite the initialization bias correction, and utilizes the Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) to update the separating matrix by adjusting the learning rate for each parameter dynamically. Simulation results show that the algorithm can speed up convergence and lead to better performance in separation accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite-based%20automatic%20identification%20system" title="satellite-based automatic identification system">satellite-based automatic identification system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20source%20separation" title=" blind source separation"> blind source separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20bee%20colony" title=" artificial bee colony"> artificial bee colony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20moment%20estimation" title=" adaptive moment estimation"> adaptive moment estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86895/improved-multi-channel-separation-algorithm-for-satellite-based-automatic-identification-system-signals-based-on-artificial-bee-colony-and-adaptive-moment-estimation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20028</span> Identification of Author and Reviewer from Single and Double Blind Paper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatinderkumar%20R.%20Saini">Jatinderkumar R. Saini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikita.%20R.%20Sonthalia"> Nikita. R. Sonthalia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khushbu.%20A.%20Dodiya"> Khushbu. A. Dodiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research leads to development of science and technology and hence to the betterment of humankind. Journals and conferences provide a platform to receive large number of research papers for publications and presentations before the expert and scientific community. In order to assure quality of such papers, they are also sent to reviewers for their comments. In order to maintain good ethical standards, the research papers are sent to reviewers in such a way that they do not know each other’s identity. This technique is called double-blind review process. It is called single-blind review process, if identity of any one party (generally authors) is disclosed to the other. This paper presents the techniques by which identity of author as well as reviewer could be made out even through double-blind review process. It is proposed that the characteristics and techniques presented here will help journals and conferences in assuring intentional or unintentional disclosure of identity revealing information by either party to the other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=author" title="author">author</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conference" title=" conference"> conference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20blind%20paper" title=" double blind paper"> double blind paper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=journal" title=" journal"> journal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reviewer" title=" reviewer"> reviewer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20blind%20paper" title=" single blind paper"> single blind paper</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3915/identification-of-author-and-reviewer-from-single-and-double-blind-paper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20027</span> A Goms Model for Blind Users Website Navigation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suraina%20Sulong">Suraina Sulong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Keyboard support is one of the main accessibility requirements for web pages and web applications for blind user. But it is not sufficient that the blind user can perform all actions on the page using the keyboard. In addition, designers of web sites or web applications have to make sure that keyboard users can use their pages with acceptable performance. We present GOMS models for navigation in web pages with specific task given to the blind user to accomplish. These models can be used to construct the user model for accessible website. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GOMS%20analysis" title="GOMS analysis">GOMS analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20factor" title=" usability factor"> usability factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20user" title=" blind user"> blind user</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction" title=" human computer interaction"> human computer interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128408/a-goms-model-for-blind-users-website-navigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20026</span> Interactive Fun Activities for Blind and Sighted Teenagers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haif%20Alharthy">Haif Alharthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Altarteer"> Samar Altarteer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Blind and sighted teenagers might find it challenging to communicate and have fun interaction with each other. The previous studies emphasize the importance of the interactive communication of the blind with the sighted people in developing the interpersonal and social skills of the blind people . Playing games is one of the effective ways used to engage the blind with the sighted people and help in enhancing their social skills. However, it is difficult to find a fun game that is designed to encourage interaction between blind and sighted teenagers in which the blind can play it independently without help and that the sighted find its design attractive and satisfying. The aim of this paper is to examine how challenging is to have fun interaction between blind and sighted people and offer interactive tabletop game solution in which both of them can independently participate and enjoy. The paper discusses the importance and the impact of the interactive fun communication between blind and sighted people and how to get them involved with each other through games. The paper investigates several approaches to design a universal game. A survey was conducted for blind teenager’s family members to discover what difficulties they face while playing and communicating with their blind family member and to identify the blind’s needs and interests in games. The study reveals that although families like to play tabletop games with their blind member, they find difficulties in finding universal games that is interesting and adequate for both. Also, qualitative interviews were conducted with blind teenager shows the sufficiency in tabletop games that do not require help from another family member to play the game. The results suggested that an effective approach is to develop an interactive tabletop game embedded with audio and tactile techniques. The findings of the pilot study highlighted the necessary information such as tools, visuals, and game concepts that should be considered in developing interactive card game for blind and sighted teenagers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blind" title="Blind">Blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=card%20game" title=" card game"> card game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=play" title=" play"> play</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tabletop%20game" title=" tabletop game"> tabletop game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teenager" title=" teenager"> teenager</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90816/interactive-fun-activities-for-blind-and-sighted-teenagers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20025</span> Comparing Friction Force Between Track and Spline Using graphite, Mos2, PTFE, and Silicon Dry Lubricant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20De%20Maaijer">M. De Maaijer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenxuan%20Shi"> Wenxuan Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q="></a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dolores%20Pose">Dolores Pose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ditmar"> Ditmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Barati"> F. Barati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction has several detrimental effects on Blind performance, Therefore Ziptak company as the leading company in the blind manufacturing sector, start investigating on how to conquer this problem in next generation of blinds. This problem is more sever in extremely sever condition. Although in these condition Ziptrak suggest not to use the blind, working on blind and its associated parts was the priority of Ziptrak company. The purpose of this article is to measure the effects of lubrication process on reducing friction force between spline and track especially at windy conditions Four different lubricants were implicated to measure their efficiency on reducing friction force. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=libricant" title="libricant">libricant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ziptrak" title=" ziptrak"> ziptrak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind" title=" blind"> blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spline" title=" spline"> spline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163058/comparing-friction-force-between-track-and-spline-using-graphite-mos2-ptfe-and-silicon-dry-lubricant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20024</span> Teachers’ Perceptions on Communicating with Students Who Are Deaf-Blind in Regular Classes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phillimon%20Mahanya">Phillimon Mahanya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Learners with deaf-blindness use touch to communicate. However, teachers are not well versed with tactile communication technicalities. Lack of technical know-how is compounded with a lack of standardisation of the tactile signs the world over. Thus, this study arose from the need to have efficient and effective tactile sign communication for learners who are deaf-blind. A qualitative approach that adopted a case study design was used. A sample of 22 participants comprising school administrators and teachers was purposively drawn from the institutions that enrolled learners who are deaf-blind. Data generated using semi-structured interviews, non-participant observations and document analysis were thematically analysed. It emerged that administrators and teachers used mammoth and solo touches that are not standardised to communicate with learners who are deaf-blind. It was recommended that there should be a standardised tactile sign manual in Zimbabwe to promote the inclusion of learners who are deaf-blind. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deaf-blind" title=" deaf-blind"> deaf-blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signing" title=" signing"> signing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactile" title=" tactile"> tactile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142698/teachers-perceptions-on-communicating-with-students-who-are-deaf-blind-in-regular-classes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20023</span> Identification and Classification of Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Blinds’ Tourism Industry in Khuzestan Province of Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kharazi">Ali Kharazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassanali%20Aghajani"> Hassanali Aghajani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesami%20Azizi"> Hesami Azizi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism entrepreneurship is a growing field that has the potential to create new opportunities for sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to identify and classify the entrepreneurial opportunities in the blind tourism industry in Khuzestan Province of Iran that can be created through the operation of blinds’ tours. This study used a mixed methods approach. The qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 tourist guides and tourism activists, while the quantitative data was collected through a questionnaire survey of 40 blind people who had participated in blinds’ tours. The findings of this study suggest that there are a number of entrepreneurial opportunities in the blind tourism industry in Khuzestan Province, including (1) developing and providing accessible tourism services, such as tours, accommodations, restaurants, and transportation, (2) creating and marketing blind-friendly tourism products and experiences (3) training and educating tourism professionals on how to provide accessible and inclusive tourism services. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of tourism entrepreneurship by providing insights into the entrepreneurial opportunities in the blind tourism industry. The findings of this study can be used to develop policies and programs that support the development of the blind tourism industry. The qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. This study examines the entrepreneurial opportunities within the blind tourism industry in Khuzestan Province, Iran. In addition, Khuzestan province has made relatively good development in the field of blinds’ tourism. Blind tourists have become loyal customers of blinds’ tours, which has increased their self-confidence and social participation. Tourist guides and centers of tourism services are interested in participating in blinds’ tours more than before, and even other parts outside the tourism field have encouraged sponsorship. Education had a great impact on the quality of tourism services, especially for the blind. It has played a significant role in improving the quality of tourism services for the blind. However, the quality and quantity of infrastructure should be increased in different sectors of tourism services to foster future growth. These opportunities can be used to create new businesses and jobs and to promote sustainable development in the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind" title=" blind"> blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khuzestan" title=" Khuzestan"> Khuzestan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179051/identification-and-classification-of-entrepreneurial-opportunities-in-blinds-tourism-industry-in-khuzestan-province-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20022</span> Rehabilitation of the Blind Using Sono-Visualization Tool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwani%20Kumar">Ashwani Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In human beings, eyes play a vital role. A very less research has been done for rehabilitation of blindness for the blind people. This paper discusses the work that helps blind people for recognizing the basic shapes of the objects like circle, square, triangle, horizontal lines, vertical lines, diagonal lines and the wave forms like sinusoidal, square, triangular etc. This is largely achieved by using a digital camera, which is used to capture the visual information present in front of the blind person and a software program, which achieves the image processing operations, and finally the processed image is converted into sound. After the sound generation process, the generated sound is fed to the blind person through headphones for visualizing the imaginary image of the object. For visualizing the imaginary image of the object, it needs to train the blind person. Various training process methods had been applied for recognizing the object. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title="image processing">image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pixel" title=" pixel"> pixel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pitch" title=" pitch"> pitch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loudness" title=" loudness"> loudness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound%20generation" title=" sound generation"> sound generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edge%20detection" title=" edge detection"> edge detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brightness" title=" brightness"> brightness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14606/rehabilitation-of-the-blind-using-sono-visualization-tool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20021</span> A Robust Hybrid Blind Digital Image Watermarking System Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Contourlet Transform </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidal%20F.%20Shilbayeh">Nidal F. Shilbayeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belal%20AbuHaija"> Belal AbuHaija</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20N.%20Al-Qudsy"> Zainab N. Al-Qudsy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a hybrid blind digital watermarking system using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Contourlet Transform (CT) has been implemented and tested. The implemented combined digital watermarking system has been tested against five common types of image attacks. The performance evaluation shows improved results in terms of imperceptibility, robustness, and high tolerance against these attacks; accordingly, the system is very effective and applicable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20wavelet%20transform%20%28DWT%29" title="discrete wavelet transform (DWT)">discrete wavelet transform (DWT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contourlet%20transform%20%28CT%29" title=" contourlet transform (CT)"> contourlet transform (CT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20image%20watermarking" title=" digital image watermarking"> digital image watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copyright%20protection" title=" copyright protection"> copyright protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20attack" title=" geometric attack"> geometric attack</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69379/a-robust-hybrid-blind-digital-image-watermarking-system-using-discrete-wavelet-transform-and-contourlet-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20020</span> Buddha Images in Mudras Representing Days of a Week: Tactile Texture Design for the Blind</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chantana%20Insra">Chantana Insra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research “Buddha Images in Mudras Representing Days of a Week: Tactile Texture Design for the Blind” aims to provide original tactile format to institutions for the blind, as supplementary textbooks, to accumulate Buddhist knowledge, so that it could be extracurricular learning. The research studied on 33 students with both total and partial blindness, the latter with the ability to read Braille’s signs, of elementary 4 – 6, who are pursuing their studies on the second semester of the academic year 2013 at Bangkok School for the Blind. The researcher opted samples specifically, studied data acquired from both documents and fieldworks. Those methods must be related to the blind, tactile format production, and Buddha images in mudras representing days of a week. Afterwards, the formats will be analyzed and designed so that there would be 8 format pictures of Buddha images in mudras representing days of the week. Experts will next evaluate the media and try out. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind" title="blind">blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactile%20texture" title=" tactile texture"> tactile texture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20Buddha%20images" title=" Thai Buddha images"> Thai Buddha images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mudras" title=" Mudras"> Mudras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture%20design" title=" texture design"> texture design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17352/buddha-images-in-mudras-representing-days-of-a-week-tactile-texture-design-for-the-blind" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20019</span> Methodology for the Integration of Object Identification Processes in Handling and Logistic Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Kiefer">L. Kiefer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Richter"> C. Richter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Reinhart"> G. Reinhart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The uprising complexity in production systems due to an increasing amount of variants up to customer innovated products leads to requirements that hierarchical control systems are not able to fulfil. Therefore, factory planners can install autonomous manufacturing systems. The fundamental requirement for an autonomous control is the identification of objects within production systems. In this approach an attribute-based identification is focused for avoiding dose-dependent identification costs. Instead of using an identification mark (ID) like a radio frequency identification (RFID)-Tag, an object type is directly identified by its attributes. To facilitate that it’s recommended to include the identification and the corresponding sensors within handling processes, which connect all manufacturing processes and therefore ensure a high identification rate and reduce blind spots. The presented methodology reduces the individual effort to integrate identification processes in handling systems. First, suitable object attributes and sensor systems for object identification in a production environment are defined. By categorising these sensor systems as well as handling systems, it is possible to match them universal within a compatibility matrix. Based on that compatibility further requirements like identification time are analysed, which decide whether the combination of handling and sensor system is well suited for parallel handling and identification within an autonomous control. By analysing a list of more than thousand possible attributes, first investigations have shown, that five main characteristics (weight, form, colour, amount, and position of subattributes as drillings) are sufficient for an integrable identification. This knowledge limits the variety of identification systems and leads to a manageable complexity within the selection process. Besides the procedure, several tools, as an example a sensor pool are presented. These tools include the generated specific expert knowledge and simplify the selection. The primary tool is a pool of preconfigured identification processes depending on the chosen combination of sensor and handling device. By following the defined procedure and using the created tools, even laypeople out of other scientific fields can choose an appropriate combination of handling devices and sensors which enable parallel handling and identification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agent%20systems" title="agent systems">agent systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous%20control" title=" autonomous control"> autonomous control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handling%20systems" title=" handling systems"> handling systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identification" title=" identification"> identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91481/methodology-for-the-integration-of-object-identification-processes-in-handling-and-logistic-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20018</span> System Identification and Quantitative Feedback Theory Design of a Lathe Spindle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khairudin">M. Khairudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the system identification and design quantitative feedback theory (QFT) for the robust control of a lathe spindle. The dynamic of the lathe spindle is uncertain and time variation due to the deepness variation on cutting process. System identification was used to obtain the dynamics model of the lathe spindle. In this work, real time system identification is used to construct a linear model of the system from the nonlinear system. These linear models and its uncertainty bound can then be used for controller synthesis. The real time nonlinear system identification process to obtain a set of linear models of the lathe spindle that represents the operating ranges of the dynamic system. With a selected input signal, the data of output and response is acquired and nonlinear system identification is performed using Matlab to obtain a linear model of the system. Practical design steps are presented in which the QFT-based conditions are formulated to obtain a compensator and pre-filter to control the lathe spindle. The performances of the proposed controller are evaluated in terms of velocity responses of the the lathe machine spindle in corporating deepness on cutting process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lathe%20spindle" title="lathe spindle">lathe spindle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QFT" title=" QFT"> QFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20control" title=" robust control"> robust control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20identification" title=" system identification"> system identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20793/system-identification-and-quantitative-feedback-theory-design-of-a-lathe-spindle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20017</span> The Implementation of Special Grammar Circle (Spegraci) as the Media Innovation for Blind People to Learn English Tenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aji%20Budi%20Rinekso">Aji Budi Rinekso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Revika%20Niza%20Artiyana"> Revika Niza Artiyana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Widayanti"> Lisa Widayanti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> English is one of the international languages in the world. People use this language to communicate with each other in the international forums, international events or international organizations. As same as other languages, English has a rule which is called grammar. Grammar is the part of english which has a role as the language systems. In grammar, there are tenses which provide a time period system for past, present and future. Sometimes it is difficult for some English learner to remember all of the tenses completely. Especially for those with special needs or exceptional children with vision restrictiveness. The aims of this research are 1) To know the design of Special Grammar Circle (Spegraci) as the media for blind people to learn english grammar. 2) To know the work of Special Gramar Circle (Spegraci) as the media for blind people to learn english grammar. 3) To know the function of this device in increasing tenses ability for blind people. The method of this research is Research and Development which consists of several testing and revision of this device. The implementation of Special Grammar Circle (Spegraci) is to make blind people easily to learn the tenses. This device is easy to use. Users only roll this device and find out the tense formula and match to the name of the formula in braille. In addition, this device also enables to be used by normal people because normal written texts are also provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20people" title="blind people">blind people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20innovation" title=" media innovation"> media innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spegraci" title=" spegraci"> spegraci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tenses" title=" tenses"> tenses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38099/the-implementation-of-special-grammar-circle-spegraci-as-the-media-innovation-for-blind-people-to-learn-english-tenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20016</span> Evolution of Multimodulus Algorithm Blind Equalization Based on Recursive Least Square Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sardar%20Ameer%20Akram%20Khan">Sardar Ameer Akram Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahzad%20Amin%20Sheikh"> Shahzad Amin Sheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Blind equalization is an important technique amongst equalization family. Multimodulus algorithms based on blind equalization removes the undesirable effects of ISI and cater ups the phase issues, saving the cost of rotator at the receiver end. In this paper a new algorithm combination of recursive least square and Multimodulus algorithm named as RLSMMA is proposed by providing few assumption, fast convergence and minimum Mean Square Error (MSE) is achieved. The excellence of this technique is shown in the simulations presenting MSE plots and the resulting filter results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20equalizations" title="blind equalizations">blind equalizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constant%20modulus%20algorithm" title=" constant modulus algorithm"> constant modulus algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-modulus%20algorithm" title=" multi-modulus algorithm"> multi-modulus algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recursive%20%20least%20square%20algorithm" title=" recursive least square algorithm"> recursive least square algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadrature%20amplitude%20modulation%20%28QAM%29" title=" quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)"> quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24704/evolution-of-multimodulus-algorithm-blind-equalization-based-on-recursive-least-square-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">644</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20015</span> Exploiting Fast Independent Component Analysis Based Algorithm for Equalization of Impaired Baseband Received Signal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Umair">Muhammad Umair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Qasim%20Gilani"> Syed Qasim Gilani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A technique using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for blind receiver signal processing is investigated. The problem of the receiver signal processing is viewed as of signal equalization and implementation imperfections compensation. Based on this, a model similar to a general ICA problem is developed for the received signal. Then, the use of ICA technique for blind signal equalization in the time domain is presented. The equalization is regarded as a signal separation problem, since the desired signal is separated from interference terms. This problem is addressed in the paper by over-sampling of the received signal. By using ICA for equalization, besides channel equalization, other transmission imperfections such as Direct current (DC) bias offset, carrier phase and In phase Quadrature phase imbalance will also be corrected. Simulation results for a system using 16-Quadraure Amplitude Modulation(QAM) are presented to show the performance of the proposed scheme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20equalization" title="blind equalization">blind equalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20signal%20separation" title=" blind signal separation"> blind signal separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equalization" title=" equalization"> equalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independent%20component%20analysis" title=" independent component analysis"> independent component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20impairments" title=" transmission impairments"> transmission impairments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QAM%20receiver" title=" QAM receiver"> QAM receiver</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94433/exploiting-fast-independent-component-analysis-based-algorithm-for-equalization-of-impaired-baseband-received-signal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20014</span> Blind Super-Resolution Reconstruction Based on PSF Estimation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20A.%20Omer">Osama A. Omer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Hamed"> Amal Hamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Successful blind image Super-Resolution algorithms require the exact estimation of the Point Spread Function (PSF). In the absence of any prior information about the imagery system and the true image; this estimation is normally done by trial and error experimentation until an acceptable restored image quality is obtained. Multi-frame blind Super-Resolution algorithms often have disadvantages of slow convergence and sensitiveness to complex noises. This paper presents a Super-Resolution image reconstruction algorithm based on estimation of the PSF that yields the optimum restored image quality. The estimation of PSF is performed by the knife-edge method and it is implemented by measuring spreading of the edges in the reproduced HR image itself during the reconstruction process. The proposed image reconstruction approach is using L1 norm minimization and robust regularization based on a bilateral prior to deal with different data and noise models. A series of experiment results show that the proposed method can outperform other previous work robustly and efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind" title="blind">blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSF" title=" PSF"> PSF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-resolution" title=" super-resolution"> super-resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knife-edge" title=" knife-edge"> knife-edge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blurring" title=" blurring"> blurring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilateral" title=" bilateral"> bilateral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L1%20norm" title=" L1 norm"> L1 norm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1385/blind-super-resolution-reconstruction-based-on-psf-estimation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20013</span> The Effect of Measurement Distribution on System Identification and Detection of Behavior of Nonlinearities of Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Javad%20Mollakazemi">Mohammad Javad Mollakazemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Asadi"> Farhad Asadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aref%20Ghafouri"> Aref Ghafouri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we considered and applied parametric modeling for some experimental data of dynamical system. In this study, we investigated the different distribution of output measurement from some dynamical systems. Also, with variance processing in experimental data we obtained the region of nonlinearity in experimental data and then identification of output section is applied in different situation and data distribution. Finally, the effect of the spanning the measurement such as variance to identification and limitation of this approach is explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaussian%20process" title="Gaussian process">Gaussian process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinearity%20distribution" title=" nonlinearity distribution"> nonlinearity distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20filter" title=" particle filter"> particle filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20identification" title=" system identification"> system identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17632/the-effect-of-measurement-distribution-on-system-identification-and-detection-of-behavior-of-nonlinearities-of-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20012</span> Blind Speech Separation Using SRP-PHAT Localization and Optimal Beamformer in Two-Speaker Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20Quang%20Hong%20Dam">Hai Quang Hong Dam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20Ho"> Hai Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minh%20Hoang%20Le%20Ngo"> Minh Hoang Le Ngo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the problem of blind speech separation from the speech mixture of two speakers. A voice activity detector employing the Steered Response Power - Phase Transform (SRP-PHAT) is presented for detecting the activity information of speech sources and then the desired speech signals are extracted from the speech mixture by using an optimal beamformer. For evaluation, the algorithm effectiveness, a simulation using real speech recordings had been performed in a double-talk situation where two speakers are active all the time. Evaluations show that the proposed blind speech separation algorithm offers a good interference suppression level whilst maintaining a low distortion level of the desired signal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20speech%20separation" title="blind speech separation">blind speech separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voice%20activity%20detector" title=" voice activity detector"> voice activity detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SRP-PHAT" title=" SRP-PHAT"> SRP-PHAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20beamformer" title=" optimal beamformer"> optimal beamformer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53263/blind-speech-separation-using-srp-phat-localization-and-optimal-beamformer-in-two-speaker-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53263.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20011</span> A Transform Domain Function Controlled VSSLMS Algorithm for Sparse System Identification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cemil%20Turan">Cemil Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Shukri%20Salman"> Mohammad Shukri Salman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The convergence rate of the least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm deteriorates if the input signal to the filter is correlated. In a system identification problem, this convergence rate can be improved if the signal is white and/or if the system is sparse. We recently proposed a sparse transform domain LMS-type algorithm that uses a variable step-size for a sparse system identification. The proposed algorithm provided high performance even if the input signal is highly correlated. In this work, we investigate the performance of the proposed TD-LMS algorithm for a large number of filter tap which is also a critical issue for standard LMS algorithm. Additionally, the optimum value of the most important parameter is calculated for all experiments. Moreover, the convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is provided. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been compared to different algorithms in a sparse system identification setting of different sparsity levels and different number of filter taps. Simulations have shown that the proposed algorithm has prominent performance compared to the other algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20filtering" title="adaptive filtering">adaptive filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sparse%20system%20identification" title=" sparse system identification"> sparse system identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TD-LMS%20algorithm" title=" TD-LMS algorithm"> TD-LMS algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VSSLMS%20algorithm" title=" VSSLMS algorithm"> VSSLMS algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72335/a-transform-domain-function-controlled-vsslms-algorithm-for-sparse-system-identification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20010</span> Ultracapacitor State-of-Energy Monitoring System with On-Line Parameter Identification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Reichbach">N. Reichbach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kuperman"> A. Kuperman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper describes a design of a monitoring system for super capacitor packs in propulsion systems, allowing determining the instantaneous energy capacity under power loading. The system contains real-time recursive-least-squares identification mechanism, estimating the values of pack capacitance and equivalent series resistance. These values are required for accurate calculation of the state-of-energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-time%20monitoring" title="real-time monitoring">real-time monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RLS%20identification%20algorithm" title=" RLS identification algorithm"> RLS identification algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state-of-energy" title=" state-of-energy"> state-of-energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20capacitor" title=" super capacitor"> super capacitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13043/ultracapacitor-state-of-energy-monitoring-system-with-on-line-parameter-identification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">535</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20009</span> Identification of Impact Load and Partial System Parameters Using 1D-CNN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuewen%20Yu">Xuewen Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danhui%20Dan"> Danhui Dan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The identification of impact load and some hard-to-obtain system parameters is crucial for the activities of analysis, validation, and evaluation in the engineering field. This paper proposes a method that utilizes neural networks based on 1D-CNN to identify the impact load and partial system parameters from measured responses. To this end, forward computations are conducted to provide datasets consisting of the triples (parameter θ, input u, output y). Then neural networks are trained to learn the mapping from input to output, fu|{θ} : y → u, as well as from input and output to parameter, fθ : (u, y) → θ. Afterward, feeding the trained neural networks the measured output response, the input impact load and system parameter can be calculated, respectively. The method is tested on two simulated examples and shows sound accuracy in estimating the impact load (waveform and location) and system parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20network" title="convolutional neural network">convolutional neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20load%20identification" title=" impact load identification"> impact load identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20parameter%20identification" title=" system parameter identification"> system parameter identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20problem" title=" inverse problem"> inverse problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173755/identification-of-impact-load-and-partial-system-parameters-using-1d-cnn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20008</span> A New Dual Forward Affine Projection Adaptive Algorithm for Speech Enhancement in Airplane Cockpits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djendi%20Mohmaed">Djendi Mohmaed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a dual adaptive algorithm, which is based on the combination between the forward blind source separation (FBSS) structure and the affine projection algorithm (APA). This proposed algorithm combines the advantages of the source separation properties of the FBSS structure and the fast convergence characteristics of the APA algorithm. The proposed algorithm needs two noisy observations to provide an enhanced speech signal. This process is done in a blind manner without the need for ant priori information about the source signals. The proposed dual forward blind source separation affine projection algorithm is denoted (DFAPA) and used for the first time in an airplane cockpit context to enhance the communication from- and to- the airplane. Intensive experiments were carried out in this sense to evaluate the performance of the proposed DFAPA algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20algorithm" title="adaptive algorithm">adaptive algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20enhancement" title=" speech enhancement"> speech enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20mismatch" title=" system mismatch"> system mismatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SNR" title=" SNR"> SNR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165920/a-new-dual-forward-affine-projection-adaptive-algorithm-for-speech-enhancement-in-airplane-cockpits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20007</span> Kalman Filter Design in Structural Identification with Unknown Excitation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Masoumi">Z. Masoumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Moaveni"> B. Moaveni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article is about first step of structural health monitoring by identifying structural system in the presence of unknown input. In the structural system identification, identification of structural parameters such as stiffness and damping are considered. In this study, the Kalman filter (KF) design for structural systems with unknown excitation is expressed. External excitations, such as earthquakes, wind or any other forces are not measured or not available. The purpose of this filter is its strengths to estimate the state variables of the system in the presence of unknown input. Also least squares estimation (LSE) method with unknown input is studied. Estimates of parameters have been adopted. Finally, using two examples advantages and drawbacks of both methods are studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter%20%28KF%29" title="Kalman filter (KF)">Kalman filter (KF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least%20square%20estimation%20%28LSE%29" title=" least square estimation (LSE)"> least square estimation (LSE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20health%20monitoring%20%28SHM%29" title=" structural health monitoring (SHM)"> structural health monitoring (SHM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20system%20identification" title=" structural system identification"> structural system identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49817/kalman-filter-design-in-structural-identification-with-unknown-excitation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20006</span> Gas-Liquid Flow Regimes in Vertical Venturi Downstream of Horizontal Blind-Tee</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alif%20Bin%20Razali">Muhammad Alif Bin Razali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Gang%20Xie"> Cheng-Gang Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wai%20Lam%20Loh"> Wai Lam Loh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A venturi device is commonly used as an integral part of a multiphase flowmeter (MPFM) in real-time oil-gas production monitoring. For an accurate determination of individual phase fraction and flowrate, a gas-liquid flow ideally needs to be well mixed in the venturi measurement section. Partial flow mixing is achieved by installing a venturi vertically downstream of the blind-tee pipework that ‘homogenizes’ the incoming horizontal gas-liquid flow. In order to study in-depth the flow-mixing effect of the blind-tee, gas-liquid flows are captured at blind-tee and venturi sections by using a high-speed video camera and a purpose-built transparent test rig, over a wide range of superficial liquid velocities (0.3 to 2.4m/s) and gas volume fractions (10 to 95%). Electrical capacitance sensors are built to measure the instantaneous holdup (of oil-gas flows) at the venturi inlet and throat. Flow regimes and flow (a)symmetry are investigated based on analyzing the statistical features of capacitance sensors’ holdup time-series data and of the high-speed video time-stacked images. The perceived homogenization effect of the blind-tee on the incoming intermittent horizontal flow regimes is found to be relatively small across the tested flow conditions. A horizontal (blind-tee) to vertical (venturi) flow-pattern transition map is proposed based on gas and liquid mass fluxes (weighted by the Baker parameters). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind-tee" title="blind-tee">blind-tee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20visualization" title=" flow visualization"> flow visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas-liquid%20two-phase%20flow" title=" gas-liquid two-phase flow"> gas-liquid two-phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPFM" title=" MPFM"> MPFM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129335/gas-liquid-flow-regimes-in-vertical-venturi-downstream-of-horizontal-blind-tee" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20005</span> Application of the Discrete Rationalized Haar Transform to Distributed Parameter System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon-Hoon%20Park">Joon-Hoon Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper the rationalized Haar transform is applied for distributed parameter system identification and estimation. A distributed parameter system is a dynamical and mathematical model described by a partial differential equation. And system identification concerns the problem of determining mathematical models from observed data. The Haar function has some disadvantages of calculation because it contains irrational numbers, for these reasons the rationalized Haar function that has only rational numbers. The algorithm adopted in this paper is based on the transform and operational matrix of the rationalized Haar function. This approach provides more convenient and efficient computational results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20parameter%20system" title="distributed parameter system">distributed parameter system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rationalized%20Haar%20transform" title=" rationalized Haar transform"> rationalized Haar transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20matrix" title=" operational matrix"> operational matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20identification" title=" system identification "> system identification </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24246/application-of-the-discrete-rationalized-haar-transform-to-distributed-parameter-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20004</span> Understanding the Experience of the Visually Impaired towards a Multi-Sensorial Architectural Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20M.%20Oteifa">Sarah M. Oteifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lobna%20A.%20Sherif"> Lobna A. Sherif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20M.%20Mostafa"> Yasser M. Mostafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Visually impaired people, in their daily lives, face struggles and spatial barriers because the built environment is often designed with an extreme focus on the visual element, causing what is called architectural visual bias or ocularcentrism. The aim of the study is to holistically understand the world of the visually impaired as an attempt to extract the qualities of space that accommodate their needs, and to show the importance of multi-sensory, holistic designs for the blind. Within the framework of existential phenomenology, common themes are reached through "intersubjectivity": experience descriptions by blind people and blind architects, observation of how blind children learn to perceive their surrounding environment, and a personal lived blind-folded experience are analyzed. The extracted themes show how visually impaired people filter out and prioritize tactile (active, passive and dynamic touch), acoustic and olfactory spatial qualities respectively, and how this happened during the personal lived blind folded experience. The themes clarify that haptic and aural inclusive designs are essential to create environments suitable for the visually impaired to empower them towards an independent, safe and efficient life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20ocularcentrism" title=" architectural ocularcentrism"> architectural ocularcentrism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-sensory%20design" title=" multi-sensory design"> multi-sensory design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visually%20impaired" title=" visually impaired"> visually impaired</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72324/understanding-the-experience-of-the-visually-impaired-towards-a-multi-sensorial-architectural-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20003</span> Source Separation for Global Multispectral Satellite Images Indexing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aymen%20Bouzid">Aymen Bouzid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihen%20Ben%20Smida"> Jihen Ben Smida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose to prove the importance of the application of blind source separation methods on remote sensing data in order to index multispectral images. The proposed method starts with Gabor Filtering and the application of a Blind Source Separation to get a more effective representation of the information contained on the observation images. After that, a feature vector is extracted from each image in order to index them. Experimental results show the superior performance of this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20source%20separation" title="blind source separation">blind source separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20based%20image%20retrieval" title=" content based image retrieval"> content based image retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20extraction%20multispectral" title=" feature extraction multispectral"> feature extraction multispectral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20images" title=" satellite images"> satellite images</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28585/source-separation-for-global-multispectral-satellite-images-indexing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20002</span> Arbitrarily Shaped Blur Kernel Estimation for Single Image Blind Deblurring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aftab%20Khan">Aftab Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashfaq%20Khan"> Ashfaq Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research paper focuses on an interesting challenge faced in Blind Image Deblurring (BID). It relates to the estimation of arbitrarily shaped or non-parametric Point Spread Functions (PSFs) of motion blur caused by camera handshake. These PSFs exhibit much more complex shapes than their parametric counterparts and deblurring in this case requires intricate ways to estimate the blur and effectively remove it. This research work introduces a novel blind deblurring scheme visualized for deblurring images corrupted by arbitrarily shaped PSFs. It is based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) and utilises the Blind/Reference-less Image Spatial QUality Evaluator (BRISQUE) measure as the fitness function for arbitrarily shaped PSF estimation. The proposed BID scheme has been compared with other single image motion deblurring schemes as benchmark. Validation has been carried out on various blurred images. Results of both benchmark and real images are presented. Non-reference image quality measures were used to quantify the deblurring results. For benchmark images, the proposed BID scheme using BRISQUE converges in close vicinity of the original blurring functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20deconvolution" title="blind deconvolution">blind deconvolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20image%20deblurring" title=" blind image deblurring"> blind image deblurring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20restoration" title=" image restoration"> image restoration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20quality%20measures" title=" image quality measures"> image quality measures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37142/arbitrarily-shaped-blur-kernel-estimation-for-single-image-blind-deblurring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20001</span> A Study of the Tactile Codification on the Philippine Banknote: Redesigning for the Blind</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ace%20Mari%20S.%20Simbajon">Ace Mari S. Simbajon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhaella%20J.%20Yba%C3%B1ez"> Rhaella J. Ybañez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mae%20G.%20Nadela"> Mae G. Nadela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherry%20E.%20Sagun"> Cherry E. Sagun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nera%20Mae%20A.%20Puyo"> Nera Mae A. Puyo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study determined the usability of the Philippine banknotes. An experimental design was used in the study involving twenty (n=20) randomly selected blind participants. The three aspects of usability were measured: effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction. It was found out that the effectiveness rate of the current Philippine Banknotes ranges from 20 percent to 35 percent which means it is not effective basing from Cauro’s threshold of average effectiveness rate which is 78 percent. Its efficiency rate is ranging from 18.06 to 26.22 seconds per denomination. The average satisfaction rate is 1.45 which means the blind are very dissatisfied. These results were used as a guide in making the proposed tactile codification using embossed dots or embossed lines. A round of simulation was conducted with the blind to assess the usability of the two proposals. Results were then statistically treated using t-test. Results show statistically significant difference between the usability of the current banknotes versus the proposed designs. Moreover, it was found out that the use of embossed dots is more effective, more efficient, and more satisfying than the embossed lines with an effectiveness rate ranging from 90 percent to 100 percent, efficiency rate ranging from 6.73 seconds to 12.99 seconds, and satisfaction rate of 3.4 which means the blind are very satisfied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind" title="blind">blind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippine%20banknotes" title=" Philippine banknotes"> Philippine banknotes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactile%20codification" title=" tactile codification"> tactile codification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71453/a-study-of-the-tactile-codification-on-the-philippine-banknote-redesigning-for-the-blind" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20system%20identification&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20system%20identification&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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