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class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="Latn">Hán Nôm</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="disambig-see-also"><i>See also:</i> <b class="Latn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=hannom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="hannom (page does not exist)">hannom</a></b> <i>and</i> <b class="Latn"><a href="/wiki/Hannom" title="Hannom">Hannom</a></b></div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Vietnamese"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Vietnamese</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Etymology"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Pronunciation"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Noun"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Noun</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Hyponyms"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Hyponyms</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vietnamese">Vietnamese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Vietnamese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i class="Latn mention" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1n#Vietnamese" title="Hán">Hán</a></i> +‎ <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B4m#Vietnamese" title="Nôm">Nôm</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0_N%E1%BB%99i" class="extiw" title="w:Hà Nội">Hà Nội</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Vietnamese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Vietnamese pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[haːn˧˦ nom˧˧]</span></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" class="extiw" title="w:Huế">Huế</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Vietnamese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Vietnamese pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[haːŋ˦˧˥ nom˧˧]</span></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saigon" class="extiw" title="w:Saigon">Saigon</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Vietnamese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Vietnamese pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[haːŋ˦˥ nom˧˧]</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1n#Vietnamese" title="Hán">Hán</a> <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B4m#Vietnamese" title="Nôm">Nôm</a></strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Vietnamese_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Vietnamese transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="vi-Latn" class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="Hani" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%96%83#Vietnamese" title="漢喃">漢喃</a></span></span>)</span> </p> <ol><li><i class="Latn mention" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n#Vietnamese" title="chữ Hán">chữ Hán</a></i> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">literary <a href="/wiki/Chinese_character#English" title="Chinese character">Chinese characters</a></span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span> and <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m#Vietnamese" title="chữ Nôm">chữ Nôm</a></i> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/character#English" title="character">characters</a> for <a href="/wiki/vernacular#English" title="vernacular">vernacular</a> <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese#English" title="Vietnamese">Vietnamese</a></span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span>, as a whole</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hyponyms">Hyponyms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hyponyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n#Vietnamese" title="chữ Hán">chữ Hán</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_Nho#Vietnamese" title="chữ Nho">chữ Nho</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m#Vietnamese" title="chữ Nôm">chữ Nôm</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_writing_in_Vietnam#Terminology" title="w:History of writing in Vietnam"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_writing_in_Vietnam#Terminology" class="extiw" title="w:History of writing in Vietnam">History of writing in Vietnam</a></b> on Wikipedia.<span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_writing_in_Vietnam#Terminology" class="extiw" title="w:History of writing in Vietnam">Wikipedia </a></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n" title="w:chữ Hán"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n" class="extiw" title="w:chữ Hán">chữ Hán</a></b> on Wikipedia.<span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n" class="extiw" title="w:chữ Hán">Wikipedia </a></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" title="w:chữ Nôm"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" class="extiw" title="w:chữ Nôm">chữ Nôm</a></b> on Wikipedia.<span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" class="extiw" title="w:chữ Nôm">Wikipedia </a></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/vi:H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m" title="w:vi:Hán Nôm"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" 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