BBC Accessibility

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="b-pw-1280 b-reith-sans-font b-reith-serif-font no-js"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/","20210414235840","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1618444720"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"/> <title>BBC Accessibility - Welcome</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20210414235840cs_/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/forproducts/assets/core.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20210414235840cs_/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/forproducts/assets/gel-typography.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20210414235840cs_/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/forproducts/assets/gel-grid.min.css"> <style type="text/css"> @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_Rg.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_Rg.woff) format("woff"); font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_It.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_It.woff) format("woff"); font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_Bd.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_Bd.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: bold; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_BdIt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_BdIt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_Lt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_Lt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 300; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_LtIt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_LtIt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 300; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_ExBd.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_ExBd.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 800; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSans"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_ExBdIt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSans_W_ExBdIt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 800; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_Rg.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_Rg.woff) format("woff"); font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_It.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_It.woff) format("woff"); font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_Bd.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_Bd.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: bold; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_BdIt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_BdIt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_Lt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_Lt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 300; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_LtIt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_LtIt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 300; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBd.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBd.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 800; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: "ReithSerif"; src: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBdIt.woff2) format("woff2"), url(https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/1.0.0-594.1f70774/font/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBdIt.woff) format("woff"); font-weight: 800; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } .b-reith-sans-loaded .gel-breakout-box p { font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif !important; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> // feature detects document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace(' no-js', ' js'); document.documentElement.className += (' ' + ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement ? 'touch' : 'no-touch')); document.documentElement.className += (' ' + ('flexWrap' in document.documentElement.style ? 'flex' : 'no-flex')); document.documentElement.className += (' ' + ((document.createElementNS && 'createSVGRect' in document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', 'svg')) ? 'svg' : 'no-svg')); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // download and use Reith font try { (new FontFaceObserver('ReithSans', 5000)).load().then(function () { document.documentElement.className += ' b-reith-sans-loaded'; }); (new FontFaceObserver('ReithSerif', 5000)).load().then(function () { document.documentElement.className += ' b-reith-loaded'; }); } catch (e) { console.log('Reith fonts did not load within 5 seconds.'); } </script>      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta property="fb:admins" content="100004154058350"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840cs_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/2.0.0-484.dce9fee/css/orb-ltr.min.css"><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ window.orb = { lang: 'en', bbcBaseUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk', bbcUrlPrefix: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.', staticHost: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/2.0.0-484.dce9fee', figUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://fig.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/fig/2/fig.js', partialCookieOvenUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://cookie-oven.api.bbc' }; document.documentElement.className += (document.documentElement.className? ' ' : '') + 'orb-js'; window.orb.worldwideNavlinks = '<li class="orb-nav-home"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/">Home</a></li><li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/news">News</a></li><li class="orb-nav-sport"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/sport">Sport</a></li><li class="orb-nav-weather"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/weather">Weather</a></li><li class="orb-nav-shop"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a></li><li class="orb-nav-reeldotcom"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/reel/">Reel</a></li><li class="orb-nav-traveldotcom"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a></li><li class="orb-nav-capital"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a></li><li class="orb-nav-culture"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a></li><li class="orb-nav-future"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/future/">Future</a></li><li class="orb-nav-sounds"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds">Sounds</a></li><li class="orb-nav-cbbc"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc">CBBC</a></li><li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies">CBeebies</a></li><li class="orb-nav-food"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/food/">Food</a></li><li class="orb-nav-bitesize"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/bitesize">Bitesize</a></li><li class="orb-nav-arts"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/">Arts</a></li><li class="orb-nav-makeitdigital"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a></li><li class="orb-nav-taster"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/taster">Taster</a></li><li class="orb-nav-nature"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/nature/">Nature</a></li><li class="orb-nav-local"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/localnews">Local</a></li><li class="orb-nav-tv"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/">TV</a></li><li class="orb-nav-radio"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/">Radio</a></li>'; /*]]>*/</script><script>// Promise polyfill from https://github.com/bramstein/promis (function(){'use strict';var f,g=[];function l(a){g.push(a);1==g.length&&f()}function m(){for(;g.length;)g[0](),g.shift()}f=function(){setTimeout(m)};function n(a){this.a=p;this.b=void 0;this.f=[];var b=this;try{a(function(a){q(b,a)},function(a){r(b,a)})}catch(c){r(b,c)}}var p=2;function t(a){return new n(function(b,c){c(a)})}function u(a){return new n(function(b){b(a)})}function q(a,b){if(a.a==p){if(b==a)throw new TypeError;var c=!1;try{var d=b&&b.then;if(null!=b&&"object"==typeof b&&"function"==typeof d){d.call(b,function(b){c||q(a,b);c=!0},function(b){c||r(a,b);c=!0});return}}catch(e){c||r(a,e);return}a.a=0;a.b=b;v(a)}} function r(a,b){if(a.a==p){if(b==a)throw new TypeError;a.a=1;a.b=b;v(a)}}function v(a){l(function(){if(a.a!=p)for(;a.f.length;){var b=a.f.shift(),c=b[0],d=b[1],e=b[2],b=b[3];try{0==a.a?"function"==typeof c?e(c.call(void 0,a.b)):e(a.b):1==a.a&&("function"==typeof d?e(d.call(void 0,a.b)):b(a.b))}catch(h){b(h)}}})}n.prototype.g=function(a){return this.c(void 0,a)};n.prototype.c=function(a,b){var c=this;return new n(function(d,e){c.f.push([a,b,d,e]);v(c)})}; function w(a){return new n(function(b,c){function d(c){return function(d){h[c]=d;e+=1;e==a.length&&b(h)}}var e=0,h=[];0==a.length&&b(h);for(var k=0;k<a.length;k+=1)u(a[k]).c(d(k),c)})}function x(a){return new n(function(b,c){for(var d=0;d<a.length;d+=1)u(a[d]).c(b,c)})};window.Promise||(window.Promise=n,window.Promise.resolve=u,window.Promise.reject=t,window.Promise.race=x,window.Promise.all=w,window.Promise.prototype.then=n.prototype.c,window.Promise.prototype["catch"]=n.prototype.g);}()); (function() { var language = 'en'; language = 'en'; var istatsLabels = {name: '' || undefined}; var additionalPageProperties = {}; function getMetaValue(propertyName) { var metaTag = document.querySelector( "meta[property='" + propertyName + "'], " + "meta[name='" + propertyName + "']"); if (metaTag) { return metaTag.getAttribute("content"); } else { throw new Error('No meta tag called: ' + propertyName) } } function generateCountername() { var pathName = window.location.pathname .replace(/\/$/, "") .replace(/^\//, "") .replace(/\//g, '.'); return pathName + '.page'; } window.bbcpage = { loadModule: function(deps) { return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { window.require(deps, function () { resolve.apply(this, arguments); }, function (error) { reject(error); }); }) }, loadCSS: function (url, timeout) { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/lib/_$']) .then(function($) { return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { var stylesheet = loadCSS(url); $.onloadCSS(stylesheet, function() { resolve(); }); if (timeout) { setTimeout(function () { reject(); }, timeout); } }); }); }, getLanguage: function () { return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { resolve(language); }); }, trackRegion: function (region, labels) { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['istats-1']) .then(function(istats) { var trackLabels = { region: region }; for (var label in labels) { trackLabels[label] = labels[label]; } var linkType = labels.linkType || 'internal'; istats.track(linkType, trackLabels); }); }, getName: function() { return Promise.resolve(istatsLabels.name || generateCountername()); }, getDestination: function() { return Promise.resolve(null); }, getProducer: function() { return Promise.resolve(null); }, getSite: function() { return Promise.resolve( istatsLabels.bbc_site || istatsLabels.app_name || istatsLabels.prod_name || null ); }, getSection: function() { return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { var labels = istatsLabels; if (labels.event_master_brand) { resolve(labels.event_master_brand); } else if (labels.section) { var parts = labels.section.split('/'); resolve(parts[parts.length - 1]); } else if (istatsLabels.name) { var countername = istatsLabels.name; var parts = countername.split("."); if (parts.length > 2 && parts[1] !== 'page') { resolve(parts[1]); } resolve(null); } else { resolve(null); } }); }, getContentType: function() { return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { var l = istatsLabels; var rules = { index: l.page_type === 'index' || l.page_type === 'home' || l.progs_page_type === 'programmes_container', video: l.cps_media_type === 'video', audio: l.cps_media_type === 'audio', text: l.page_type === 'story', live: l.page_type === 'live_coverage' }; for (var pageType in rules) { if (rules.hasOwnProperty(pageType)) { if (rules[pageType]) { resolve(pageType); } } } resolve(null); }); }, getContentId: function() { return Promise.resolve(null); }, getEdition: function() { return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { try { resolve(getMetaValue('x-audience').toLowerCase()); } catch (err){ // This property is related to Chartbeat; see http://support.chartbeat.com/docs/ if (window._sf_async_config) { resolve(window._sf_async_config.region || null); } } resolve(null); }); }, getAdditionalProperties: function() { return Promise.resolve(additionalPageProperties); } }; var country; var sanitiseCountry = function(country) { return country ? country.replace(/ /g, '') : undefined; } window.bbcuser = { getHashedId: function() { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['idcta-v2/idcta-1']) .then(function(idcta) { return idcta.getCookieInstance().getHidFromCookie(); }); }, getCountry: function() { if (country) { return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { resolve(sanitiseCountry(country)); }) } else { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/fig']) .then(function(orbFig) { return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { orbFig.load(function (fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { resolve('GB'); } else if (fig.geo.isEU()) { resolve('EU'); } else { resolve(undefined); } }, function () { reject('Error determining country. Timeout?'); }); }); }); } }, isUKCombined: function(inputCountry) { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/bbcuser']) .then(function(service) { return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { if (inputCountry) { resolve(service.isUKCombined(sanitiseCountry(inputCountry))); } else { window.bbcuser.getCountry().then(function(fetchedCountry){ resolve(service.isUKCombined(fetchedCountry)); }) } }); }); }, isEU: function(inputCountry) { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/bbcuser']) .then(function(service) { return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { if (inputCountry) { resolve(service.isEU(sanitiseCountry(inputCountry))); } else { window.bbcuser.getCountry().then(function(fetchedCountry){ resolve(service.isEU(fetchedCountry)); }) } }); }); }, allowsPerformanceCookies: function() { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/cookies']) .then(function(bbccookies) { return !!bbccookies.cookiesEnabled() && !!bbccookies.readPolicy('performance'); }); }, allowsFunctionalCookies: function() { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/cookies']) .then(function(bbccookies) { return !!bbccookies.cookiesEnabled() && !!bbccookies.readPolicy('personalisation'); }); }, getCookieValue: function(cookieName) { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/cookies']) .then(function(bbccookies) { return bbccookies.get(cookieName); }); }, resetCookiesPreferences: function() { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/cookies']) .then(function(bbccookies) { bbccookies.setDefaultCookiesSingleDomain(); }); }, hasCookiesEnabled: function() { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/cookies']) .then(function(bbccookies) { return !!bbccookies.cookiesEnabled(); }); }, hasSeenCookieBanner: function() { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/cookies']) .then(function (bbccookies) { return !!bbccookies.isCookiePolicySet(); }); }, logEvent: function (verb, noun, extraLabels) { return window.bbcuser.hasCookiesEnabled() .then(function(allowsCookies) { if (allowsCookies) { return window.bbcpage.loadModule(['istats-1']) .then(function(istats) { istats.log(verb, noun, extraLabels); }); } else { throw new Error('User cannot be tracked due to cookies preferences.'); } }); }, }; }());</script><script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840js_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/2.0.0-484.dce9fee/js/require.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840js_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit-webmodules/0.0.1-229.8f0b237/cookie-banner/cookie-library.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">define('orb/cookies', function() { return window.bbccookies; });</script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840js_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/2.0.0-484.dce9fee/js/api.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">window.bbcFlagpoles_istats="ON",require.config({paths:{"istats-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit-webmodules/0.0.1-229.8f0b237/istats/istats-1"}}),require(["istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(t,a){if(a.isAllowed("s1")){var e=(o=document.location.href.match(/^(?:https|http):\/\/\w*\.(?:(int|test|stage|live|)\.)?bbc\.(?:co\.uk|com)/))?void 0===o[1]||""===o[1]||"live"===o[1]?"//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s":"//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/"+o[1]+"/s":"//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/test/s";t.addCollector({name:"default",url:e,separator:"&"});var s="unknown";t.setCountername(s),window.istats_countername&&t.setCountername(window.istats_countername),t.addLabels("ml_name=webmodule&ml_version=0.0.1-229.8f0b237&blq_e=orbit&blq_r=orbit&blq_s=orbit&blq_v=default&language=en")}var o});</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840cs_/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/s/id/account-idcta/1.10.0/style/id-cta.css"><script type="text/javascript">(function() {if (!window.require) {throw new Error('idcta: could not find require module');}if (typeof(map) == 'undefined') {var map = {};}if (!!document.createElementNS && !!document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', 'svg').createSVGRect) {document.documentElement.className += ' id-svg';}var ptrt = new RegExp("[\\?&]ptrt=([^&]*)").exec(document.location.href);var ENDPOINT_URL = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://idcta.api.bbc.co.uk';var ENDPOINT_CONFIG = ('/idcta/config?callback=&ptrt=' + encodeURIComponent((ptrt ? ptrt[1] : document.location.href))).replace(/\&/g, '&');var ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS = '/idcta/translations?callback=';function hasPromise() {var P = window.Promise;var promiseToString = null;if (P) {try {promiseToString = Object.prototype.toString.call(P.resolve());} catch(e) {/*silently ignored*/}}return (promiseToString === '[object Promise]' && !P.cast);}if (hasPromise()) {define('idcta/es6-promise', function() {return window.Promise;});define('idcta-v2/es6-promise', function() {return window.Promise;});}map['idcta-v2'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/s/id/account-idcta/1.10.0/modules/idcta-v2';map['idcta-v2/config'] = ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_CONFIG;map['idcta-v2/translations'] = ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS;map['idcta'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/s/id/account-idcta/1.8.2/modules/idcta';map['idcta-v2/idcta-1'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/s/id/account-idcta/1.10.0/modules/idcta-v2/dist/idcta-1.min';const idctaShim = {deps: ['idcta-v2/idcta-1'],};require({shim: {'idcta-v2/statusbar': idctaShim,'idcta-v2/id-config': idctaShim},map: {'*': {'idcta/idcta-1': 'idcta-v2/idcta-1','idcta': 'idcta-v2',}},paths: map});window.idctaBaseUrl = ENDPOINT_URL;define('idcta/config', ['idcta-v2/config'], function(data) {return data;});define('idcta/translations', ['idcta-v2/translations'], function(data) {return data;});})();</script><script type="text/javascript">// Globally available search context window.SEARCHBOX={"variant":"default","locale":"en","navSearchboxStaticPrefix":"https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-19.f0f6837","searchboxAppStaticPrefix":"https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-19.f0f6837/drawer","searchFormHtml":"<div tabindex=\"-1\" data-reactroot=\"\" data-reactid=\"1\" data-react-checksum=\"729995048\"><div data-reactid=\"2\"><section class=\"se-searchbox-panel\" data-reactid=\"3\"><div class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\"4\"><div class=\"se-g-layout\" data-reactid=\"5\"><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox-title\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-reactid=\"6\">search</div><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox\" data-reactid=\"7\"><form accept-charset=\"utf-8\" id=\"searchboxDrawerForm\" method=\"get\" action=\"https://search.bbc.co.uk/search\" data-reactid=\"8\"><label class=\"se-searchbox__input\" for=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" data-reactid=\"9\"><span class=\"se-sr-only\" data-reactid=\"10\">Search Term</span><input type=\"text\" name=\"q\" value=\"\" id=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" class=\"se-searchbox__input__field\" maxlength=\"512\" autocomplete=\"off\" autocorrect=\"off\" autocapitalize=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\"11\"/></label><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"scope\" value=\"\" data-reactid=\"12\"/><button type=\"submit\" class=\"se-searchbox__submit\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\"13\">Search</button><button type=\"button\" class=\"se-searchbox__clear se-searchbox__clear--visible\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\"14\">Close</button></form></div></div></div></section><div aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" class=\"se-suggestions-container\" data-reactid=\"15\"><section class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\"16\"></section></div></div></div>","searchScopePlaceholder":"","searchScopeParam":"","searchScopeTemplate":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperStart":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperEnd":""}; window.SEARCHBOX.suppress = false; window.SEARCHBOX.searchScope = SEARCHBOX.searchScopeTemplate.split('-')[0];</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840cs_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-19.f0f6837/css/main.css"><script type="text/javascript">require.config({ "paths": { "orb/async/_footerpromo": 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/navpromo/2.0.0-83.1a62ce3/js/async/_footerpromo' } });</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); /*]]>*/</script><style type="text/css">.bbccom_display_none{display:none;}</style><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcomConfig, googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [], bbcdotcomScripts = []; var bbcdotcom = false; (function(){ if(typeof require !== 'undefined') { require({ paths:{ "bbcdotcom":"https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://static.bbc.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.97.0/script" } }); } })(); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcom = { adverts: { keyValues: { set: function() {} } }, advert: { write: function () {}, show: function () {}, isActive: function () { return false; }, layout: function() { return { reset: function() {} } } }, config: { init: function() {}, isActive: function() {}, setSections: function() {}, isAdsEnabled: function() {}, setAdsEnabled: function() {}, isAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAssetPrefix: function() {}, setVersion: function () {}, setJsPrefix: function() {}, setSwfPrefix: function() {}, setCssPrefix: function() {}, setConfig: function() {}, getAssetPrefix: function() {}, getJsPrefix: function () {}, getSwfPrefix: function () {}, getCssPrefix: function () {}, isOptimizelyEnabled: function() {} }, survey: { init: function(){ return false; } }, data: {}, init: function() {}, objects: function(str) { return false; }, locale: { set: function() {}, get: function() {} }, setAdKeyValue: function() {}, utils: { addEvent: function() {}, addHtmlTagClass: function() {}, log: function () {} }, addLoadEvent: function() {} }; /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb !== 'undefined' && typeof orb.fig === 'function') { if (orb.fig('ad') && orb.fig('uk') == 0) { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: (orb.fig('ad') ? 1 : 0), stats: (orb.fig('uk') == 0 ? 1 : 0), statsProvider: orb.fig('ap') }; } } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/wwscripts/data">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb === 'undefined' || typeof orb.fig !== 'function') { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: bbcdotcom.data.a, stats: bbcdotcom.data.b, statsProvider: bbcdotcom.data.c }; } if (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/wwscripts/flag">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (typeof bbcdotcom.flag == 'undefined' || (typeof bbcdotcom.data.ads !== 'undefined' && bbcdotcom.flag.a != 1))) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 0; } if (/[?|&]ads/.test(window.location.href) || /(^|; )ads=on; /.test(document.cookie) || /; ads=on(; |$)/.test(document.cookie)) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 1; bbcdotcom.data.stats = 1; } if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcom.assetPrefix = "https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://static.bbc.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.97.0/"; if (/(sandbox|int)(.dev)*.bbc.co*/.test(window.location.href) || /[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ads-debug=') !== -1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://static.bbc.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.97.0/script/dist/bbcdotcom.dev.js">\x3C/script>'); } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://static.bbc.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.97.0/script/dist/bbcdotcom.js">\x3C/script>'); } } })(); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://secure-us.imrworldwide.com/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://me-cdn.effectivemeasure.net/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://ssc.api.bbc.com/">'); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.googletagservices.com/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://bbc.gscontxt.net/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://tags.crwdcntrl.net/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://ad.crwdcntrl.net/">'); }</script><script type="text/javascript">if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<meta name="google-site-verification" content="auTeTTwSt_KBY_4iDoR00Lwb7-qzx1IgzJy6ztaWgEI" />'); }</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcomConfig = {"adFormat":"standard","adKeyword":"","adMode":"smart","adsEnabled":true,"appAnalyticsSections":"","asyncEnabled":true,"disableInitialLoad":false,"advertInfoPageUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210414235840\/https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/privacy\/cookies\/international\/","advertisementText":"Advertisement","analyticsEnabled":true,"sherlockEnabled":false,"appName":"","assetPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210414235840\/https:\/\/static.bbc.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.97.0\/","customAdParams":[],"customStatsParams":[],"headline":"","id":"","inAssociationWithText":"in association with","keywords":"","language":"","orbTransitional":false,"lotameWSEnabled":false,"optimizelyEnabled":true,"palEnv":"live","productName":"","sections":[],"comScoreEnabled":true,"comscoreSite":"bbc","comscoreID":"19293874","comscorePageName":"","slots":"","sponsoredByText":"is sponsored by","adsByGoogleText":"Ads by Google","summary":"","type":"","features":{"testfeature":{"name":"testfeature","envs":["sandbox","int","test"],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null},"lxadverts":{"name":"lxadverts","envs":[],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null}},"staticBase":"\/bbcdotcom","staticHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210414235840\/https:\/\/static.bbc.co.uk","staticVersion":"1.97.0","staticPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210414235840\/https:\/\/static.bbc.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.97.0","dataHttp":"tps.bbc.com","dataHttps":"www.bbc.com","flagHttp":"www.bbc.co.uk","flagHttps":"www.bbc.co.uk","analyticsHttp":"sa.bbc.com","analyticsHttps":"ssa.bbc.com"}; bbcdotcom.config.init(bbcdotcomConfig, bbcdotcom.data, window.location, window.document); bbcdotcom.config.setFlagpoles(bbcdotcom.flag || {}); bbcdotcom.config.setAssetPrefix("https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://static.bbc.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.97.0/"); bbcdotcom.config.setVersion("1.97.0"); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); if (/[?|&]ex-dp/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ex-dp=') !== -1) { bbcdotcom.utils.addHtmlTagClass('bbcdotcom-ex-dp'); } } })(); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">var initOptimizely = (function(isEnabled){ if(!isEnabled) return; var logger = window.bbcdotcom.Logger('bbcdotcom:head:optimizely'); /* Allow Optimizely in these paths */ var allowPaths = ['/', '/wwhp']; /* Only run on optimizely on homepage */ if (bbcdotcom.utils && allowPaths.indexOf(window.location.pathname) !== -1 && window.bbccookies && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance') ){ /* set correct OptimizelyURL for prod or sandbox */ var optimizelyURL = "https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://cdn.optimizely.com/public/4621041136/s/bbccom_sandbox.js"; if(window.location.hostname === 'www.bbc.com') { optimizelyURL = "https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://cdn.optimizely.com/public/4621041136/s/bbccom_prod.js"; } /* Set cookie to 1 year */ window['optimizely'] = window['optimizely'] || []; window['optimizely'].push({ "type": "cookieExpiration", "cookieExpirationDays": 365 }); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+optimizelyURL+'">\x3C/script>'); } })( bbcdotcom.config.isOptimizelyEnabled() );</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if ( window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.ads && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isGrapeshotEnabled && bbcdotcom.config.isGrapeshotEnabled() && bbcdotcom.config.isWorldService && !bbcdotcom.config.isWorldService() ) { var gs_channels="DEFAULT"; (function () { var gsurl = window.location.href.split("?")[0]; bbcdotcomScripts.push({src:'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://bbc.gscontxt.net/?url='+encodeURIComponent(gsurl)}); })(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1 && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled()){ (function () { var clientId, lotameUrl, lotameAudienceUrl; clientId = (bbcdotcom.config.isWorldService && bbcdotcom.config.isWorldService()) ? '10826' : '10816'; lotameUrl = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://tags.crwdcntrl.net/c/'+clientId+'/cc.js?ns='+clientId; lotameAudienceUrl = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://ad.crwdcntrl.net/5/c=10815/pe=y/var=ccauds'; bbcdotcomScripts.push({src:lotameUrl,id:"LOTCC"+clientId}); bbcdotcomScripts.push({src:lotameAudienceUrl}); })(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ /** * ASYNC waits to make any gpt requests until the bottom of the page */ if ( window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.ads && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isAsync && bbcdotcom.config.isAsync() ) { (function () { bbcdotcomScripts.push({src:'https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'}); })(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ /* Load Lotame, Grapeshot and GPT without blocking rendering but executing in order */ if ( bbcdotcomScripts && bbcdotcomScripts.length > 0 ) { (function () { bbcdotcomScripts.forEach(function(item) { var script = document.createElement('script'); script.async = false; if(item.id) script.id = item.id; script.src = item.src; document.head.appendChild(script); }); })(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript" async="true">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1 && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled() && bbcdotcom.lotame){ (function () { bbcdotcom.lotame.callback(); })(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.head = true; }()); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">require.config({paths:{reverb:"https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc-analytics.files.bbci.co.uk/reverb-client-js/reverb-0.5.0"}}),function(){function e(c){require(["reverb"],function(e){if(c.detail){var t=c.detail.label,i=c.detail.type,n=c.detail.elem,r=c.detail.originalEvent;e.userActionEvent(i,t,c.detail,n,r)}})}document.addEventListener("bbc-user-event",e),document.addEventListener("bbc-user-click",e)}();</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ bbcpage.loadModule(['orb/cookies']) .then(function(bbccookies) { require(['istats-1', 'orb/fig'], function (istats, orbFig) { istats.addLabels({ 'bbc_mc': bbccookies.analyticsPolicyString() }); var domesticBlqV = istats._getLabels().blq_v; var worldwideBlqV = istats._getLabels().blq_v + '-ww'; function setBlqVLabel(fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { istats.addLabels({'blq_v': domesticBlqV}); } else { istats.addLabels({'blq_v': worldwideBlqV}); } } // Guess with synchronous API first (might be cached and the async version might be too slow) setBlqVLabel(orbFig); orbFig.load(function (fig) { setBlqVLabel(fig); }); }); }); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20210414235840js_/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/forproducts/assets/a11y-menu.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/20210414235840js_/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/forproducts/assets/prettify.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> .a11y-linklist li { line-height: 160%; } .a11y-linklist a { font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; } .a11y-linklist a:hover, .a11y-linklist a:focus { text-decoration: underline; color: #00645d; } .gel-section { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; margin-top: 3rem; padding-top: 1rem; } </style> </head> <body> <noscript><p style="position: absolute; top: -999em"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=unknown&ml_name=webmodule&ml_version=-1&blq_e=orbit&blq_r=orbit&blq_s=orbit&blq_v=default&language=en&blq_js_enabled=0" height="1" width="1" alt=""></p></noscript><div id="bbccom_interstitial_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_interstitial" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_interstitial'); }); } }()); /*]]>*/</script></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { var wallpaper; if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { if (bbcdotcom.config.isAsync()) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_wallpaper'); }); } else if (typeof googletag !== "undefined" && typeof googletag.display === "function") { googletag.display("wallpaper"); } wallpaper = bbcdotcom.adverts.adRegister.getAd('wallpaper'); } }()); /*]]>*/</script></div><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAdsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('analytics')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAnalyticsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } }()); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyFirst = true; }()); /*]]>*/</script><div id="cookiePrompt"></div><header id="orb-banner" role="banner" aria-label="BBC"><div id="orb-header" class="orb-nav-pri orb-nav-pri-white orb-nav-empty" dir="ltr"><div class="orb-nav-pri-container b-r b-g-p"><div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-blocks"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/">Homepage</a></div><section><div class="orb-skip-links"><h2>Accessibility links</h2><ul><li><a href="#orb-modules">Skip to content</a></li><li><a id="orb-accessibility-help" href="/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a></li></ul></div></section><div id="mybbc-wrapper" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-id orb-nav-focus orb-nav-id-default"><div id="idcta-statusbar" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-focus"><a id="idcta-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://account.bbc.com/account"><span id="idcta-username">BBC Account</span></a></div><script type="text/javascript">require(['idcta/statusbar'], function (statusbar) {new statusbar.Statusbar({id: 'idcta-statusbar', publiclyCacheable: true});});</script><a id="notification-link" class="js-notification-link animated three" href="#" style="display: none"><span class="hidden-span">Notifications</span><div class="notification-link--triangle"></div><div class="notification-link--triangle"></div><span id="not-num"></span></a></div><nav role="navigation" aria-label="BBC" class="orb-nav"><div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-links orb-nav-focus" id="orb-nav-links"><ul><li class="orb-nav-home"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a></li><li class="orb-nav-news"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a></li><li class="orb-nav-sport"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport">Sport</a></li><li class="orb-nav-weather"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/weather">Weather</a></li><li class="orb-nav-iplayer"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer">iPlayer</a></li><li class="orb-nav-sounds"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds">Sounds</a></li><li class="orb-nav-cbbc"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc">CBBC</a></li><li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies">CBeebies</a></li><li class="orb-nav-food"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/food">Food</a></li><li class="orb-nav-bitesize"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/bitesize">Bitesize</a></li><li class="orb-nav-earth"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/earth">Earth</a></li><li class="orb-nav-arts"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/arts">Arts</a></li><li class="orb-nav-digital"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a></li><li class="orb-nav-taster"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/taster">Taster</a></li><li class="orb-nav-local"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/localnews">Local</a></li><li class="orb-nav-tomorrowsworld"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/tomorrowsworld">Tomorrow's World</a></li><li class="orb-nav-tv"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/tv">TV</a></li><li class="orb-nav-radio"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio">Radio</a></li><li id="orb-nav-more" style="width: 88px" aria-controls="orb-panel-more"><a href="#orb-footer" data-alt="More" class="istats-notrack">Menu<span class="orb-icon orb-icon-arrow"></span></a></li></ul></div></nav><div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-search"><a class="orb-search__button" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://search.bbc.co.uk/search" title="Search the BBC">Search</a><form class="b-f" id="orb-search-form" role="search" method="get" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://search.bbc.co.uk/search" accept-charset="utf-8"><div><label for="orb-search-q">Search the BBC</label><input id="orb-search-q" type="text" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" name="q" placeholder="Search"><button id="orb-search-button" class="orb-search__button">Search the BBC</button><input type="hidden" name="suggid" id="orb-search-suggid"></div></form></div></div><div id="orb-panels"></div></div></header> <div id="orb-modules"> <div id="a11y-wrap"> <header id="a11y-navigation" aria-label="Accsessibility For Product Main Navigation"> <div class="an-branding-container b-g-m"> <span class="an-brand">BBC Accessibility</span> </div> </header> <div class="b-g-m"> <main role="main" class="a11y-main-col gel-body-copy"> <h1 class="gel-canon-bold">BBC Accessibility Help</h1> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <p>All audiences are important to the BBC.</p> <p>This page provides links to resources and documents to help users access the BBC's content and to find out about the BBC approach to the development of rich accessible products and services.</p> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>BBC Accessibility Help</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/showsandtours/questions/accessibility-information">BBC Shows and Tours, booking assistance</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/help/questions/accessibility">BBC iPlayer, Accessibility FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/help/questions/accessibility/accessibility-playing-content">BBC iPlayer, Playing Content</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/categories/audio-described/featured">BBC iPlayer, Audio Described Content</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/categories/signed/featured">BBC iPlayer, Signed Content</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/help/questions/about-bbc-sounds-and-our-policies/accessibility-info">BBC Sounds Accessibility Information</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/grownups/age-and-needs/special-needs#filter">Cbeebies, Parents Pages for Children with Special Needs</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>BBC Accessibility Policy</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/reports/policies">BBC Policies and Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/foi/publication-scheme/classes/policies-and-procedures">BBC Freedom of Information</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/foi/publication-scheme/accessibility">BBC Accessibility Policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://downloads.bbc.co.uk/diversity/pdf/BBC_Accessibility.pdf">BBC Accessibility Policy Statement</a> [PDF]</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>BBC Programmes and Accessibility</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episodes/m000p35p/criptales">BBC iPlayer, Criptales</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/search?q=1800%20Seconds%20on%20Autism&suggid=urn%3Abbc%3Aprogrammes%3Ap06sdq0x">BBC Sounds, 1800 Seconds on Autism</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02r6yqw/episodes/downloads">BBC Sounds, Ouch!</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006m9cb">BBC 2, See Hear</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006qxww">BBC Radio 4, In Touch</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/shows/something-special">CBeebies, Something Special</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/shows/magic-hands">CBeebies, Magic Hands</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/shows/pablo">CBeebies, Pablo</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>Useful BBC Accessibility Design and Technical Resources</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/opensource/projects/bbc-a11y">BBC a11y testing tool</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/academy/en/collections/designing-for-screen-readers">BBC Academy - How to Design for Screen Readers</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/forproducts/guides/mobile/">BBC Digital Product, Web and Mobile Accessibility Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/gel/guidelines/how-to-design-for-accessibility">BBC GEL Designing for Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/gel/guidelines/how-to-design-accessible-games">BBC GEL Designing Accessible Games</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/gel/guidelines/how-to-make-accessible-animated-images">BBC GEL Designing Accessible Animated Images</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/gel/guidelines/how-to-design-accessible-email-newsletters">BBC GEL Designing Accessible Email Newsletters</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://bbc.github.io/gel/">BBC GEL Technical Accessibility Documents</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://bbc.github.io/accessibility-news-and-you/">BBC News Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/opensource/">BBC Open Source Projects</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://downloads.bbc.co.uk/diversity/pdf/BBC_productionaccessguide_spreads.pdf">BBC Production Accessibility Guide</a> [PDF]</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/topics/accessibility">BBC Research and Development</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://bbc.github.io/subtitle-guidelines/">BBC Subtitle Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://bbc.github.io/uxd-cognitive/">BBC Workplace Neurodiversity Guidelines</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>Diversity and Accessibility at the BBC</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/gel/articles/bbc-for-everyone">BBC for Everyone</a> [video]</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/aboutthebbc/whatwedo/publicservices/accessservices">BBC Access Services Subtitles, Signing and Audio Description</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/aboutthebbc/reports/annualreport">BBC Annual Report</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/creativediversity/">BBC Creative Diversity The Future of Inclusion</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/diversity/">BBC Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines/guidance/visually-and-hearing-impaired-audiences">BBC Editorial Policy Accessibility Guidance for Vision and Hearing Impaired Audiences</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://youtu.be/u2K9-JPIPjg">BBC See Hear, How Subtitles are Made</a> [video, external Link]</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/grownups/everyones-welcome">Cbeebies Everyone's Welcome</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/research-and-data/multi-sector-research/accessibility-research">OFCOM Usability and Accessibility Research</a> [external Link]</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>Accessibility for Suppliers</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/supplying/working-with-us/accessibility">BBC Procurement Accessibility Policy and Guidance</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>BBC Accessibility on Social Media</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/bbca11y">BBC a11y, The BBC Digital Accessibility Team</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/bbc_ability">BBC Ability, The BBC's Disabled Staff Network</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/BBCCape">BBC CAPE, Creating A Positive Environment</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/bbcouch">BBC Ouch! Original Disability Stories</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/BBCAcademy">BBC Academy, Training and Development</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/bbcpress">BBC Press Office</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/BBCCareers">BBC Careers, Jobs, Careers Advice and Insights into Life at The BBC</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/BBCRD">BBC R&D, Research and Development</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://twitter.com/bbcuxd">BBC UX&D, User Experience and Design Team</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="gel-section"> <h2>External Accessibility Help</h2> <div class="gel-body-copy"> <ul class="a11y-linklist"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mcmw.abilitynet.org.uk/">Help with Using Your Computer, Tablet or phone</a> (external Link)</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://support.apple.com/en-gb/accessibility">Apple Accessibility Support</a> (external site)</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.google.com/accessibility/">Google Accessibility Support</a> (external site)</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/features?activetab=pivot_1%3aprimaryr2">Microsoft Accessibility Support</a> (external site)</li> </ul> </div> </div>  </main> </div>   </div> <div id="orb-footer" class="orb-footer" dir="ltr"><div id="navp-orb-footer-promo"></div><aside role="complementary"><div id="orb-aside" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"><div class="orb-footer-inner" role="navigation" aria-label="BBC"><h2 class="orb-footer-lead">Explore the BBC</h2><div class="orb-footer-primary-links"><ul><li class="orb-nav-home"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a></li><li class="orb-nav-news"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a></li><li class="orb-nav-sport"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport">Sport</a></li><li class="orb-nav-weather"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/weather">Weather</a></li><li class="orb-nav-iplayer"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer">iPlayer</a></li><li class="orb-nav-sounds"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds">Sounds</a></li><li class="orb-nav-cbbc"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc">CBBC</a></li><li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies">CBeebies</a></li><li class="orb-nav-food"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/food">Food</a></li><li class="orb-nav-bitesize"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/bitesize">Bitesize</a></li><li class="orb-nav-earth"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/earth">Earth</a></li><li class="orb-nav-arts"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/arts">Arts</a></li><li class="orb-nav-digital"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a></li><li class="orb-nav-taster"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/taster">Taster</a></li><li class="orb-nav-local"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/localnews">Local</a></li><li class="orb-nav-tomorrowsworld"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/tomorrowsworld">Tomorrow's World</a></li><li class="orb-nav-tv"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/tv">TV</a></li><li class="orb-nav-radio"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio">Radio</a></li></ul></div></div></div></aside><footer role="contentinfo"><div id="orb-contentinfo" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"><script>window.orb.worldwideFooterlinks = '<li class="orb-footer-ads"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://advertising.bbcworldwide.com/">Advertise with us<'+'/a><'+'/li><li class="orb-footer-adchoices"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.com/usingthebbc/cookies/how-does-the-bbc-use-cookies-for-advertising/">Ad choices<'+'/a><'+'/li>';</script><div class="orb-footer-inner"><ul><li class="orb-footer-terms"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/terms/">Terms of Use</a></li><li class="orb-footer-about"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc">About the BBC</a></li><li class="orb-footer-privacy"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a></li><li class="orb-footer-cookies"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/cookies/">Cookies</a></li><li class="orb-footer-accessibility"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a></li><li class="orb-footer-parental"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/guidance">Parental Guidance</a></li><li class="orb-footer-contact"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/contact">Contact the BBC</a></li><li class="orb-footer-newsletter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcnewsletter">Get Personalised Newsletters</a></li></ul><small><em class="orb-hilight">Copyright © 2019 BBC.</em> The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. <span class="orb-footer-links"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://www.bbc.co.uk/help/web/links/" class="orb-hilight">Read about our approach to external linking.</a></span></small></div></div></footer></div><script id="orb-js-script" data-assetpath="https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/2.0.0-484.dce9fee/" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840js_/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/2.0.0-484.dce9fee/js/orb.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">require(['orb/lib/_$'], function($) { $.ready(function() { initialiseFooter(); }); var scrollCheckTimer; var didScroll; var previousPosition = 0; var delta = 5; var PROMO_SHOW_BREAKPOINT = 1500; var pageLength = 0; function initialiseFooter() { // Suppress this feature on browsers we no longer test var myNav = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(); var oldIE = (myNav.indexOf('msie') !== -1) && parseInt(myNav.split('msie')[1], 10) <= 10; if (!oldIE) { require(['orb/cookies'], function (bbccookies) { var disabledByCookie = (parseInt(bbccookies.get('ckns_nav_promofail')) || 0) >= 3; if (!disabledByCookie) { require(['orb/fig'], function (orbFig) { orbFig.load(function (fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { setUpLazyLoading(); } }); }); } }); } } function setUpLazyLoading() { // offsetHeight is expensive to calculate, only do it once. pageLength = Math.abs(document.body.offsetHeight); if (pageLength < getViewportHeight() + 300 || pageLength - getCurrentPosition() < PROMO_SHOW_BREAKPOINT) { loadPromo(); } else { window.onscroll = function () { didScroll = true; }; scrollCheckTimer = setInterval(function () { if (didScroll) { hasScrolled(); didScroll = false; } }, 250); } } function loadPromo() { clearInterval(scrollCheckTimer); require(['orb/async/_footerpromo'], function(promo) { promo.init('https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://navpromo.api.bbci.co.uk', ''); }); } function getViewportHeight() { return window.innerHeight; } function getCurrentPosition() { return Math.abs(window.scrollY || document.body.scrollTop || document.documentElement.scrollTop); } function hasScrolled() { var currentPosition = getCurrentPosition(); if (Math.abs(previousPosition - currentPosition) <= delta) { return; } if (currentPosition > previousPosition) { if ((pageLength - currentPosition) <= PROMO_SHOW_BREAKPOINT) { loadPromo(); } } previousPosition = currentPosition; } })</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ require(['orb/fig', 'orb/nav'], function(fig, nav) { fig.load(function(fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { nav.loadJs('https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit/2.0.0-484.dce9fee/js/edr.min.js'); } }); }); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">require(["istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(o,t){if(t.isAllowed("s1"))try{if(!require.s.contexts._.config.paths.idcta)return void i();require(["idcta/idcta-1"],function(t){t&&"function"==typeof t.getIStatsLabels&&o.addLabels(t.getIStatsLabels()),i()},function(t){throw t})}catch(t){console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&console.log("an exception occurred while adding idcta labels to istats, invoking istats without them",t),i()}function i(){o.invoke()}});</script><script type="text/javascript">require.config({ paths: { "mybbc/templates": '//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.9.5/templates', "mybbc/notifications": '//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.9.5/js' } }); require(['mybbc/notifications/NotificationsMain', 'idcta/idcta-1'], function (NotificationsMain, idcta) { var loadNotifications = function (isUK) { if (isUK) { window.bbcpage.loadCSS('//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.9.5/css/main.min.css').then(function() { NotificationsMain.run(idcta, '//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.9.5/'); }); } }; if (window.bbcuser && window.bbcuser.isUKCombined && typeof(window.bbcuser.isUKCombined) === 'function') { // Use new API from Orbit if available window.bbcuser.isUKCombined().then(function(isUK) { loadNotifications(isUK); }); } else { // Fallback to fig (ORB support) var orbFig = window.orb.fig; loadNotifications(orbFig.geo.isUK()); } });</script><script type="text/javascript">if (window.SEARCHBOX.suppress === false && window.SEARCHBOX.locale && /^en-?.*?/.test(window.SEARCHBOX.locale)) { require.config({ paths: { "search/searchbox": window.SEARCHBOX.searchboxAppStaticPrefix, } }); if (bbcuser && bbcuser.isUKCombined) { bbcuser.isUKCombined().then(function (isUK) { if (isUK) { require(['search/searchbox/searchboxDrawer'], function (SearchboxDrawer) { SearchboxDrawer.run(window.SEARCHBOX); }); } }); } }</script><div class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && window.bbcdotcom.analytics && bbcdotcom.config && !bbcdotcom.config.isSportApp() && !bbcdotcom.config.isReel()) { bbcdotcom.analytics.page(); } /*]]>*/</script><noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840im_/https://ssc.api.bbc.com/?c1=2&c2=19293874&ns_site=bbc&name=" height="1" width="1" alt=""></noscript><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.write(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.postWrite(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats === 1 && bbcdotcom.utils && window.location.pathname === '/' && window.bbccookies && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance') ) { var wwhpEdition = bbcdotcom.utils.getMetaPropertyContent('wwhp-edition'); var _sf_async_config={}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 50924; _sf_async_config.domain = "bbc.co.uk"; _sf_async_config.title = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ' - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.sections = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ', Homepage - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.region = wwhpEdition; _sf_async_config.path = "/"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? '?'+wwhpEdition : ''); /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); } /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyLast = true; }()); /*]]>*/</script></div><script>"use strict";define("orb/cookies-adapter",["orb/cookies"],function(c){function e(e){return c._setPolicy("ads",e),c._setPolicy("personalisation",e),c._setPolicy("performance",e),c._setPolicy("necessary",e)}return{isOrbitEnvironment:function(){return"object"==typeof bbccookies&&"function"!=typeof bbccookies._getCookieName},set:function(e,n){var o=new Date;if(o.setYear(o.getFullYear()+1),this.isOrbitEnvironment())return c.set(e,n,{domain:c._getCurrentDomain(),path:"/",expires:o});var i=window.location.host.match(/(.bbc(?:\.co\.uk))(:\d+)?(\/.*)?$/i),t=e+"="+n+";domain="+(i&&".bbc.co.uk"===i[1]?".bbc.co.uk":".bbc.com")+";path=/;expires="+o.toUTCString()+";";return c.set(t)},get:function(e){return this.isOrbitEnvironment()?c.get(e):c.getCrumb(e)},copyPolicyCookiesCrossDomain:function(e){if(this.isOrbitEnvironment())return c.copyPolicyCookiesCrossDomain(e);e()},setDefaultCookiesSingleDomain:function(){return this.isOrbitEnvironment()?c.setDefaultCookiesSingleDomain():e(!1)},setDefaultCookiesCrossDomain:function(){return this.isOrbitEnvironment()?c.setDefaultCookiesCrossDomain():e(!1)},optInToAllCookiesCrossDomain:function(){if(this.isOrbitEnvironment()){return c.setCookiePolicyCrossDomain({ads:!0,personalisation:!0,performance:!0,necessary:!0})}return e(!0)},isCookiePolicySet:function(){return this.isOrbitEnvironment()?c.isCookiePolicySet():null!==this.get("ckns_policy")}}}),require(["orb/lib/_script","orb/cookies-adapter"],function(s,r){var a="ckns_privacy",b="ckns_explicit",l="1";function t(){var e=r.get(b);return null!==e&&e===l}function u(e,n){e.style.display="none",n.style.display="none"}function k(e,n){t()||(e.style.display="none",n.style.display="block",window.bbcpage.trackRegion(n,{linkLocation:"nav-banner-cookies"}),window.bbcuser.logEvent("view","nav-banner-cookies"))}function c(){var e=document.getElementById("bbcprivacy"),n=document.getElementById("bbccookies");document.getElementById("bbcprivacy-continue-button").addEventListener("click",function(){u(e,n),k(e,n),window.bbcuser.logEvent("click-cta","nav-banner-privacy")}),document.getElementById("bbccookies-continue-button").addEventListener("click",function(){u(e,n),window.bbcuser.logEvent("click-continue","nav-banner-cookies"),r.optInToAllCookiesCrossDomain(),r.set(b,l)});var o,i,t,c=document.getElementById("bbccookies-settings").getElementsByTagName("a")[0];c.addEventListener("click",(o=!1,function(e){o||(r.copyPolicyCookiesCrossDomain(function(){o=!0,c.click()}),r.set(b,l),e.preventDefault())})),null!==r.get(a)?k(e,n):(t=n,(i=e).style.display="block",t.style.display="none",window.bbcpage.trackRegion(i,{linkLocation:"nav-banner-privacy"}),window.bbcuser.logEvent("view","nav-banner-privacy"),r.set(a,"1"))}function m(e,c,r){var n,o,i="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit-webmodules/0.0.1-229.8f0b237/cookie-banner//cookie-prompt/",t=i+(o="en","string"==typeof(n=e)&&2<=n.length&&(o=n.trim().substring(0,2).toLowerCase()),-1!==["en","cy","gd","ga"].indexOf(o)?o:"en")+".min.js";window.bbcpage.loadCSS("https://web.archive.org/web/20210414235840/https://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/orbit-webmodules/0.0.1-229.8f0b237/cookie-banner//cookie-prompt/bbccookies.min.css").then(function(){s.jsonp(t,function(e){var n=e.replace(/<<bbcUrlPrefix>>/g,function(){if(window.orb.bbcUrlPrefix){var e=window.orb.bbcUrlPrefix+"bbc.com",n=window.location.host.match(/(bbc(?:\.co\.uk))(:\d+)?(\/.*)?$/i);return n&&"bbc.co.uk"===n[1]&&(e=e.replace("bbc.com","bbc.co.uk")),e}return""}());document.getElementById("cookiePrompt").innerHTML=n;for(var o=document.querySelectorAll("[data-region-filter]"),i=0;i<o.length;i++){var t=o[i];t.getAttribute("data-region-filter")!==r&&(t.style.display="none")}c()},{callbackName:"cookiePrompt"})})}Promise.all([window.bbcuser.isUKCombined(),window.bbcuser.isEU(),window.bbcpage.getLanguage()]).then(function(e){var n=e[0];if(e[1]||n){var o=null!==r.get(a);if(!(r.isCookiePolicySet()&&t()&&o)){t()||r.set(b,"0"),r.isCookiePolicySet()||r.setDefaultCookiesSingleDomain();var i=n?"gb":"eu";m(e[2],c,i)}}}).catch(function(){m("en",c,"gb")})});</script><script type="text/javascript">"use strict";require(["reverb"],function(t){var n=function(){if(window&&window.bbcpage){return Promise.all(["getName","getDestination","getProducer","getSection","getContentId","getContentType","getLanguage","getAdditionalProperties"].map(function(e){return t=e,window.bbcpage[t]&&"function"==typeof window.bbcpage[t]?window.bbcpage[t]():Promise.resolve(null);var t})).then(function(e){return{name:e[0],destination:e[1],producer:e[2],section:e[3],contentId:e[4],contentType:e[5],language:e[6],additionalProperties:e[7]}})}return Promise.resolve(void 0)},o={},i=function(e){return e&&t.setUserInfo(e.bbc_hid,"1"===e.bbc_identity),t.invoke({useAti:!0,atiOpts:o},function(){n().then(function(e){e&&(t.setDestination(e.destination),e.producer&&t.setProducer(e.producer),e.name&&t.setPageName(e.name),t.trackPage(e))}).catch(function(e){console.log(e)})})};try{if(!require.s.contexts._.config.paths.idcta)return i();require(["idcta/idcta-1"],function(e){var t=e.getIStatsLabels();return i(t)},function(e){throw e})}catch(e){return console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&console.log("an exception occurred while adding idcta labels to Reverb, invoking Reverb without them",e),i()}});</script><script>require(["detectview","parseContentForEvent"],function(t,n){t(["[data-bbc-context]","[data-bbc-container]"],function(t){var e=new CustomEvent("bbc-event",{bubbles:!0,detail:n(t)});t.dispatchEvent(e)})}),require(["pseudoreverb"],function(t){document.addEventListener("bbc-event",t),document.addEventListener("bbc-click-event",t)}),require(["parseContentForEvent","getAtiTag","getParentWithSelector"],function(o,c,u){document.body.addEventListener("click",function(t){var e=c(),n=u(t.target,"[data-bbc-container]"),r=u(t.target,"a");if(n&&r&&e){var i=o(n);i.elem=r,i.originalEvent=t;var a=new CustomEvent("bbc-click-event",{bubbles:!0,detail:i});r.dispatchEvent(a)}})}),define("getParentWithSelector",function(){return Element.prototype.matches||(Element.prototype.matches=Element.prototype.msMatchesSelector||Element.prototype.webkitMatchesSelector),function t(e,n){return e.matches(n)?e:!!e.parentElement&&t(e.parentElement,n)}}),define("parseContentForEvent",["getParentWithSelector"],function(a){return function(t){return{container:t.getAttribute("data-bbc-container")||t.getAttribute("data-bbc-context"),title:(i=t,encodeURIComponent(i.getAttribute("data-bbc-title")||i.getAttribute("data-bbc-content-label")||i.innerText.split("\n")[0])),source:(r=t,r.getAttribute("data-bbc-source")||r.innerText.trim().split("\n").pop()),personalisation:function(t){var e=a(t,"[data-bbc-personalisation]");if(e)return JSON.parse(e.getAttribute("data-bbc-personalisation"));var n=a(t,"[data-stats]");if(!n)return{};var r=JSON.parse(n.getAttribute("data-stats"));return{SEG:r.hp_sgm_id+"::"+r.hp_sgm_user_score}}(t),metadata:(e=t,n=a(e,"[data-bbc-metadata]"),n?JSON.parse(n.getAttribute("data-bbc-metadata")):{}),result:function t(e){if(e.hasAttribute("href"))return encodeURIComponent(e.getAttribute("href"));for(var n=e.children,r=0;r<n.length;r++){var i=t(n[r]);if(null!==i)return i}return null}(t)};var e,n,r,i}}),define("getAtiTag",function(){var t;return function(){return!t&&window.ATInternet&&(t=new ATInternet.Tracker.Tag({site:"598274"})),t}}),define("pseudoreverb",["getAtiTag"],function(t){function o(t){return"["+t+"]"}function c(e){return Object.keys(e).map(function(t){return t+"="+e[t]}).join("~")}return function(i){var a=t();Promise.all([bbcuser.getHashedId(),bbcpage.getName()]).then(function(t){var e=t[0],n=t[1];if(a){a.page.set({name:n,level2:"72"});var r={campaignId:o(i.detail.container),creation:o(i.detail.title),generalPlacement:o(n),detailedPlacement:o(e),variant:o(c(i.detail.personalisation)),format:o(c(i.detail.metadata)),url:o(i.detail.result),advertiserId:o(i.detail.source)};"bbc-event"===i.type?(a.publisher.set({impression:r}),a.dispatch()):"bbc-click-event"===i.type&&a.publisher.send({click:r})}else console.log("Error while sending event to ATI; ATInternet object not initialised")})}}),define("detectview",["verge","throttle"],function(f,s){return function(t,i,e){var a=[],n=(e=e||{}).throttleWaitMs||250,o=e.elementViewedFraction||.5,c=e.elementViewedDurationMs||1e3,u=function(t){return-1<a.indexOf(t)},l=function(t,e){var n=f.rectangle(t),r=f.inY(t,n.height*e*-1);return f.inX(t,n.width*e*-1)&&r},d=function(t,e,n,r){l(t,e)&&setTimeout(function(){l(t,e)&&!u(t)&&(a.push(t),r(t))},n)},r=function(){t.forEach(function(t){for(var e=document.querySelectorAll(t),n=0;n<e.length;n++){var r=e[n];u(r)||d(r,o,c,i)}})};r=s(r,n),["scroll","resize","load"].forEach(function(t){window.addEventListener(t,r)}),r()}}),define("throttle",function(){return function(n,r,i){var a,o,c,u=null,l=0;i||(i={});var d=function(){l=!1===i.leading?0:Date.now(),u=null,c=n.apply(a,o),u||(a=o=null)};return function(){var t=Date.now();l||!1!==i.leading||(l=t);var e=r-(t-l);return a=this,o=arguments,e<=0||r<e?(u&&(clearTimeout(u),u=null),l=t,c=n.apply(a,o),u||(a=o=null)):u||!1===i.trailing||(u=setTimeout(d,e)),c}}}),define("verge",[],function(){var t={},n="undefined"!=typeof window&&window,e="undefined"!=typeof document&&document,r=e&&e.documentElement,i=n.matchMedia||n.msMatchMedia,a=i?function(t){return!!i.call(n,t).matches}:function(){return!1},o=t.viewportW=function(){var t=r.clientWidth,e=n.innerWidth;return t<e?e:t},c=t.viewportH=function(){var t=r.clientHeight,e=n.innerHeight;return t<e?e:t};function u(){return{width:o(),height:c()}}function l(t,e){return!(!(t=t&&!t.nodeType?t[0]:t)||1!==t.nodeType)&&(n=t.getBoundingClientRect(),r=+(r=e)||0,(i={}).width=(i.right=n.right+r)-(i.left=n.left-r),i.height=(i.bottom=n.bottom+r)-(i.top=n.top-r),i);var n,r,i}return t.mq=a,t.matchMedia=i?function(){return i.apply(n,arguments)}:function(){return{}},t.viewport=u,t.scrollX=function(){return n.pageXOffset||r.scrollLeft},t.scrollY=function(){return n.pageYOffset||r.scrollTop},t.rectangle=l,t.aspect=function(t){var e=(t=null==t?u():1===t.nodeType?l(t):t).height,n=t.width;return e="function"==typeof e?e.call(t):e,(n="function"==typeof n?n.call(t):n)/e},t.inX=function(t,e){var n=l(t,e);return!!n&&0<=n.right&&n.left<=o()},t.inY=function(t,e){var n=l(t,e);return!!n&&0<=n.bottom&&n.top<=c()},t.inViewport=function(t,e){var n=l(t,e);return!!n&&0<=n.bottom&&0<=n.right&&n.top<=c()&&n.left<=o()},t});</script> <script type="text/javascript"> function hasTouch() { if ( ('ontouchstart' in window) || (window.DocumentTouch && document instanceof DocumentTouch) || (window.hasOwnProperty && ( window.hasOwnProperty('ontouchstart') || (window.DocumentTouch && document instanceof DocumentTouch) || navigator.msMaxTouchPoints ) ) ) { return true; } // Fallback for certain samsung devices that fail above but pass below... :/ if ('ontouchstart' in window) { return true; } return false; } if(!hasTouch()){ document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].classList.add("no-touch"); } </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

BBC Accessibility - Welcome