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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Union Movement</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #2F4F4F; border-bottom:2px solid #2F4F4F; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Union Movement</div> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flash_and_circle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flash_and_circle.svg/95px-Flash_and_circle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="95" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flash_and_circle.svg/143px-Flash_and_circle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flash_and_circle.svg/190px-Flash_and_circle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Mosley" title="Oswald Mosley">Oswald Mosley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1948</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1973</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists" title="British Union of Fascists">British Union of Fascists</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Merged into</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Action Party (Later <a href="/wiki/League_of_Saint_George" title="League of Saint George">League of Saint George</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Europe_a_Nation" title="Europe a Nation">Europe a Nation</a></i><br /><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_nationalism" title="Pan-European nationalism">Pan-European nationalism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">Far-right</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">European Parliament group</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_Social_Movement" title="European Social Movement">European Social Movement</a> (1951–1960s)<br /><a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Europe" title="National Party of Europe">National Party of Europe</a> (1960s)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_British_Union_of_Fascists.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_British_Union_of_Fascists.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_British_Union_of_Fascists.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_British_Union_of_Fascists.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_British_Union_of_Fascists.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_British_Union_of_Fascists.svg/400px-Flag_of_the_British_Union_of_Fascists.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #2F4F4F;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Politics of the United Kingdom">Politics of the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of political parties in the United Kingdom">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol 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.sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #000000; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Neo-fascism" title="Category:Neo-fascism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0; font-size:200%; font-weight:medium;"><a href="/wiki/Neo-fascism" title="Neo-fascism">Neo-fascism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding: 0.8em 0 1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Celtic_cross_(GUD,_1).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Celtic cross"><img alt="Celtic cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Celtic_cross_%28GUD%2C_1%29.svg/75px-Celtic_cross_%28GUD%2C_1%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Celtic_cross_%28GUD%2C_1%29.svg/113px-Celtic_cross_%28GUD%2C_1%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Celtic_cross_%28GUD%2C_1%29.svg/150px-Celtic_cross_%28GUD%2C_1%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Core ideas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actual_idealism" title="Actual idealism">Actual idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">Ethnic nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_nationalism" title="White nationalism">White nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_supremacy" title="White supremacy">White supremacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">Authoritarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy" title="Hierarchy">Hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_interventionism" title="Social interventionism">Social interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">Eugenics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Europe_a_Nation" title="Europe a Nation">Europe a Nation</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroism" class="mw-redirect" title="Heroism">Heroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Darwinism" title="Social Darwinism">Social Darwinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_interventionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic interventionism">Economic interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">Protectionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_nationalism" title="Pan-European nationalism">Pan-European nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_corporatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist corporatism">Fascist corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autarky" title="Autarky">Autarky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativism_(politics)" title="Nativism (politics)">Nativism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-liberalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-liberalism">Anti-liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_supremacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Racial supremacy">Racial supremacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary" title="Reactionary">Reactionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategy_of_tension" title="Strategy of tension">Strategy of tension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">Populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Soldier" title="Political Soldier">Political Soldier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Position" title="Third Position">Third Position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">Xenophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism" title="Ultranationalism">Ultranationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_immigration" title="Opposition to immigration">Opposition to immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-parliamentarianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-parliamentarianism">Anti-parliamentarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Marxism" title="Criticism of Marxism">Anti-Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Varieties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Identity" title="Christian Identity">Christian Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecofascism" title="Ecofascism">Ecofascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esoteric_Neo-Nazism" title="Esoteric Neo-Nazism">Esoteric Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identitarian_movement" title="Identitarian movement">Identitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Legionarism" title="Neo-Legionarism">Neo-Legionarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">Neo-Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bolshevism" title="National Bolshevism">National Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-anarchism" title="National-anarchism">National-anarchism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Origins</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_fascism" title="Clerical fascism">Clerical fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fascism" title="Italian fascism">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Fascism" class="mw-redirect" title="British Fascism">British</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Syndicalism" class="mw-redirect" title="National Syndicalism">National Syndicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statism_in_Sh%C5%8Dwa_Japan" title="Statism in Shōwa Japan">Japanese statism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strasserism" title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falangism" title="Falangism">Falangism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Warning_to_the_Hindus" title="A Warning to the Hindus">A Warning to the Hindus</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1939)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imperium:_The_Philosophy_of_History_and_Politics" title="Imperium: The Philosophy of History and Politics">Imperium</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1948)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/If_This_Be_Treason" title="If This Be Treason">If This Be Treason</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1948)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lightning_and_the_Sun" title="The Lightning and the Sun">The Lightning and the Sun</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1958)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Man" title="Impeachment of Man">Impeachment of Man</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1959)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bard%C3%A8che#Neo-fascist_activism_(1951–1969)" title="Maurice Bardèche">Qu'est-ce que le fascisme?</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1961)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Mosley_autobiography)" title="My Life (Mosley autobiography)">My life</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1968)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Franco_Freda#Biography" title="Franco Freda">The Disintegration of the System</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1969)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_(Mason_book)" title="Siege (Mason book)">Siege</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1992)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Geopolitics" title="Foundations of Geopolitics">Foundations of Geopolitics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Will_of_a_Russian_Fascist" title="The Last Will of a Russian Fascist">The Last Will of a Russian Fascist</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2001)</span></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Movements, Organizations,<br />and Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britain_First" title="Britain First">Britain First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party" title="British National Party">British National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CasaPound" title="CasaPound">CasaPound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Councils" title="Citizens' Councils">Citizens' Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Social_Movement" title="European Social Movement">European Social Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_For_the_Country_Party" title="Everything For the Country Party">Everything For the Country Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Force_(Italy)" title="New Force (Italy)">Forza Nuova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Wolves_(organization)" title="Grey Wolves (organization)">Grey Wolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Third_Position" title="International Third Position">International Third Position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Movement" title="Italian Social Movement">Italian Social Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohti_Vapautta!" title="Kohti Vapautta!">Kohti Vapautta!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotleba_%E2%80%93_People%27s_Party_Our_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kotleba – People's Party Our Slovakia">Kotleba – People's Party Our Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_National_Youth_Association" title="Korean National Youth Association">Korean National Youth Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27%C5%92uvre_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="L'Œuvre Française">L'Œuvre Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manson_Family" title="Manson Family">Manson Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Alliance_July_18" title="National Alliance July 18">National Alliance July 18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(Italy,_1997)" title="National Front (Italy, 1997)">National Front (Italy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Movement_Party" title="Nationalist Movement Party">Nationalist Movement Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_%E2%80%93_Greeks" title="National Party – Greeks">National Party – Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Radical_Camp_(1993)" title="National Radical Camp (1993)">National Radical Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Revival_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="National Revival of Poland">National Revival of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Vanguard_(Italy)" title="National Vanguard (Italy)">National Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_European_Order" title="New European Order">New European Order</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noua_Dreapt%C4%83" title="Noua Dreaptă">Noua Dreaptă</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_National_Front" title="Official National Front">Official National Front</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ordine_Nuovo" title="Ordine Nuovo">Ordine Nuovo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilminism" title="Ilminism">One-People Principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_of_Ukraine" title="Patriot of Ukraine">Patriot of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Front" title="Patriot Front">Patriot Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posse_Comitatus_(organization)" title="Posse Comitatus (organization)">Posse Comitatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_Due" title="Propaganda Due">Propaganda Due</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proud_Boys" title="Proud Boys">Proud Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Ice" title="Red Ice">Red Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic (Slovakia)">Republic (Slovakia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_National_Unity" title="Russian National Unity">Russian National Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Action" title="Serbian Action">Serbian Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Action" title="Social Action">Social Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social-National_Assembly" title="Social-National Assembly">Social-National Assembly (Ukraine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svoboda_(political_party)" title="Svoboda (political party)">Svoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Order_(white_supremacist_group)" title="The Order (white supremacist group)">The Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricolour_Flame" title="Tricolour Flame">Tricolour Flame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_A_(Spain)" title="Triple A (Spain)">Triple A</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Union Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Patriots_Front" title="United Patriots Front">United Patriots Front</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Abbiati" title="Christian Abbiati">Abbiati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Abernethy" title="Virginia Abernethy">Abernethy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Adinolfi" title="Gabriele Adinolfi">Adinolfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Alibrandi" title="Alessandro Alibrandi">Alibrandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Anselmi_(terrorist)" title="Franco Anselmi (terrorist)">Anselmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihal_Ats%C4%B1z" title="Nihal Atsız">Atsız</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bard%C3%A8che" title="Maurice Bardèche">Bardèche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Beam" title="Louis Beam">Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Beom-seok_(prime_minister)" title="Lee Beom-seok (prime minister)">Beom-seok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Binet_(neo-Fascist)" title="René Binet (neo-Fascist)">Binet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Bolton" title="Kerry Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Bouchet" title="Christian Bouchet">Bouchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arconovaldo_Bonaccorsi" title="Arconovaldo Bonaccorsi">Bonaccorsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junio_Valerio_Borghese" title="Junio Valerio Borghese">Borghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Binet_(neo-Fascist)" title="René Binet (neo-Fascist)">Binet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cicuttini" title="Carlo Cicuttini">Cicuttini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierluigi_Concutelli" title="Pierluigi Concutelli">Concutelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Costa" title="Vincenzo Costa">Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Griffin" title="Nick Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Degrelle" title="Léon Degrelle">Degrelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Delle_Chiaie" title="Stefano Delle Chiaie">Delle Chiaie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Denis_(politician)" title="Jean Denis (politician)">Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Dugin" title="Aleksandr Dugin">Dugin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Duprat" title="François Duprat">Duprat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Engdahl" title="Per Engdahl">Engdahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Eriksson" title="Bert Eriksson">Eriksson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Fini" title="Gianfranco Fini">Fini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerio_Fioravanti" title="Valerio Fioravanti">Fioravanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Fiore" title="Roberto Fiore">Fiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_De_Francisci" title="Pietro De Francisci">De Francisci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Freda" title="Franco Freda">Freda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licio_Gelli" title="Licio Gelli">Gelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Giannettini" title="Guido Giannettini">Giannettini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Heimbach" title="Matthew Heimbach">Heimbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_Hermans" title="Ward Hermans">Hermans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Sol_Invictus" title="Augustus Sol Invictus"><i>Invictus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Ioannidis" title="Dimitrios Ioannidis">Ioannidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Johnson" title="William Daniel Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_King-Ansell" title="Colin King-Ansell">King-Ansell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshio_Kodama" title="Yoshio Kodama">Kodama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Kuttner" title="Robert E. Kuttner">Kuttner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignazio_La_Russa" title="Ignazio La Russa">La Russa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lana_Lokteff" title="Lana Lokteff">Lokteff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesca_Mambro" title="Francesca Mambro">Mambro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikis_Mantakas" title="Mikis Mantakas">Mantakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Morsello" title="Massimo Morsello">Morsello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Mutti" title="Claudio Mutti">Mutti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Pasquinelli" title="Maria Pasquinelli">Pasquinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Pearce#Controversies" title="Russell Pearce">Pearce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebio_Hern%C3%A1ndez_P%C3%A9rez#Homicultura_and_death" title="Eusebio Hernández Pérez">Pérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pino_Rauti" title="Pino Rauti">Rauti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Ricci" title="Renato Ricci">Ricci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_Romagnoli" title="Luca Romagnoli">Romagnoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pino_Romualdi" title="Pino Romualdi">Romualdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Charles_Sanborn" title="Herbert Charles Sanborn">Sanborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dichi_Sasakawa" title="Ryōichi Sasakawa">Sasakawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Saya" title="Gaetano Saya">Saya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Signorelli_(politician)" title="Paolo Signorelli (politician)">Signorelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolsey_Teller" title="Woolsey Teller">Teller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriano_Tilgher_(politician)" title="Adriano Tilgher (politician)">Tilgher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyndall_(far-right_activist)" title="John Tyndall (far-right activist)">Tyndall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Venner" title="Dominique Venner">Venner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hsin-fu_Wand" title="David Hsin-fu Wand">Wand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Vinciguerra" title="Vincenzo Vinciguerra">Vinciguerra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delfo_Zorzi" title="Delfo Zorzi">Zorzi</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Fascist_regime_in_Italy" title="Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy">Fall of Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_junta" title="Greek junta">1967 Greek coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed,_far-right_organizations_in_Italy" title="Armed, far-right organizations in Italy">Armed, far-right organizations in Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valle_Giulia" title="Battle of Valle Giulia">Battle of Valle Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Fontana_bombing" title="Piazza Fontana bombing">Piazza Fontana bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golpe_Borghese" title="Golpe Borghese">Borghese coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acca_Larentia_killings" title="Acca Larentia killings">Acca Larentia massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzano_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Suzano Massacre">Suzano Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aracruz_school_shootings" title="Aracruz school shootings">Aracruz school shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sergio_Ramelli" title="Assassination of Sergio Ramelli">Assassination of Sergio Ramelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unite_the_Right_rally" title="Unite the Right rally">Unite the Right rally</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unite_the_Right_2" title="Unite the Right 2">Unite the Right 2</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 United States Capitol attack">2021 United States Capitol attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_riots" title="2024 United Kingdom riots">2024 United Kingdom riots</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #000000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">Far-right politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_fascism" title="British fascism">British fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fascism" title="Italian fascism">Italian fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahanism#Allegations_of_fascism" title="Kahanism">Kahanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_punk" title="Nazi punk">Nazi punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_black_metal" title="National Socialist black metal">National Socialist black metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_power_music" title="White power music">White power music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_power_skinhead" title="White power skinhead">White power skinhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Position" title="Third Position">Third Position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt_right" class="mw-redirect" title="Alt right">Alt right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morenazi" title="Morenazi">Morenazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_right_(Europe)" title="Radical right (Europe)">Radical right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruscism" title="Ruscism">Ruscism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_fascism" title="Donald Trump and fascism">Donald Trump and fascism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span 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class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this article by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. <br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Union+Movement%22">"Union Movement"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Union+Movement%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Union+Movement%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Union+Movement%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Union+Movement%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Union+Movement%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Union Movement</b> (<b>UM</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Far-right" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-right">far-right</a> <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a> founded in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> by <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Mosley" title="Oswald Mosley">Oswald Mosley</a>. Before the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, Mosley's <a href="/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists" title="British Union of Fascists">British Union of Fascists</a> (BUF) had wanted to concentrate trade within the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>, but the Union Movement attempted to stress the importance of developing a <a href="/wiki/European_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="European nationalism">European nationalism</a>, rather than a narrower country-based <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalism</a>. That has caused the UM to be characterised as an attempt by Mosley to start again in his political life by embracing more <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democratic</a> and international policies than those with which he had previously been associated. The UM has been described as <i>post-fascist</i> by former members such as Robert Edwards, the founder of the pro-Mosley <i>European Action</i>, a British pressure group and monthly newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mosley's_postwar_activity"><span id="Mosley.27s_postwar_activity"></span>Mosley's postwar activity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Mosley's postwar activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having been the leader of the BUF in the 1930s, Mosley was expected to return to lead the far right. However, he remained out of the immediate postwar political arena, instead turned to writing and published his first work, <i>My Answer</i> (1946) in which he argued that he had been a patriot who had been unjustly punished by his internment under <a href="/wiki/Defence_Regulation_18B" title="Defence Regulation 18B">Defence Regulation 18B</a>. In it and his 1947 sequel, <i>The Alternative</i>, Mosley began to argue for a much-closer integration between the nations of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, the beginning of his '<a href="/wiki/Europe_a_Nation" title="Europe a Nation">Europe a Nation</a>' campaign, which sought a strong united Europe as a counterbalance to the growing power of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Europe_a_Nation">Europe a Nation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Europe a Nation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mosley perceived a linear growth within <a href="/wiki/British_history" class="mw-redirect" title="British history">British history</a> and saw Europe a Nation as the culmination of that destiny. Therefore, he argued it to be "part of an organic process of British history" since Britain had united into one nation and that it was Britain's national destiny to unite the whole continent.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He further envisaged a three-tiered system of government, headed by an elected European government, to organise defence and the <a href="/wiki/Corporatist" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporatist">corporatist</a> economy. The continuation of national governments and a collection of local governments were still seen as necessary for the sake of independent identities. </p><p>Mosley's ideas were not new since concepts of a <a href="/wiki/Nation_Europa" title="Nation Europa">Nation Europa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eurafrika" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurafrika">Eurafrika</a> (the same idea but with parts of north Africa included as natural sectors of Europe's traditional sphere of influence, an idea that Mosley himself felt had some merit) were already growing in Germany's postwar underground. Also, <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a> had returned to fascism's roots with an attempt at a corporatist economic system during its brief existence. Nonetheless, Mosley was the first to express the ideas in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, and it came as no surprise when he returned to proper political activism in 1948. Those plans were to form the basis for the policy programme of the Union Movement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formation_of_party">Formation of party</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Formation of party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:History_of_British_Fascism.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/History_of_British_Fascism.png/220px-History_of_British_Fascism.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/History_of_British_Fascism.png/330px-History_of_British_Fascism.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/History_of_British_Fascism.png/440px-History_of_British_Fascism.png 2x" data-file-width="905" data-file-height="740" /></a><figcaption>A flowchart showing the history of the early British fascist movement</figcaption></figure> <p>After the release of interned fascists at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, a number of far-right groups were formed. They were often virulently <a href="/wiki/Anti-Semitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Semitic">anti-Semitic</a> and tried to capitalise on the violent events taking place in <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Large meetings were organised in Jewish areas of <a href="/wiki/East_London" title="East London">East London</a> and elsewhere, which were often violently broken up by antifascist groups such as the <a href="/wiki/43_Group" title="43 Group">43 Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fifty-one separate groups were united under Mosley's leadership in the Union Movement (UM), launched at a meeting in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farringdon_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farringdon Hall (page does not exist)">Farringdon Hall</a>, London, in 1948. The four main groups were <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hamm" title="Jeffrey Hamm">Jeffrey Hamm</a>'s <a href="/wiki/British_League_of_Ex-Servicemen_and_Women" title="British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women">British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women</a>, Anthony Gannon's Imperial Defence League, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Burgess" title="Victor Burgess">Victor Burgess</a>'s Union of British Freedom and Horace Gowing and <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Moran" title="Tommy Moran">Tommy Moran</a>'s Sons of St George, all of which were led by ex-BUF men.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another early member was <a href="/wiki/Francis_Parker_Yockey" title="Francis Parker Yockey">Francis Parker Yockey</a>, an American who had come to <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> to seek Mosley's help to publish his written work. Yockey briefly headed up the UM's European Contact Section, although he left after a dispute with Mosley. </p><p>The Union Movement was also known for its attempts to recruit <a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish people</a> living in Britain, and Mosley wrote a pamphlet in 1948, <i>Ireland's Right to Unite when entering European Union</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were also links between the UM and the Irish nationalist and pro-fascist party <a href="/wiki/Ailtir%C3%AD_na_hAis%C3%A9irghe" title="Ailtirí na hAiséirghe">Ailtirí na hAiséirghe</a> (<i>Architects of the Resurrection</i>), and Mosley wrote articles for its newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Ais%C3%A9ir%C3%AD" title="Aiséirí">Aiséirghe</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mosley remained a critic of <a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">liberal democracy</a>, and the UM instead extolled a strong executive that people could endorse or reject through regular <a href="/wiki/Referendums" class="mw-redirect" title="Referendums">referendums</a>, with an <a href="/wiki/Independent_judiciary" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent judiciary">independent judiciary</a> in place to appoint replacements in the event of a rejection.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1948 the party marched 1,500 supporters through <a href="/wiki/Camden_Town" title="Camden Town">Camden</a><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and went on to contest the following year's local elections in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. However, outside <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Shoreditch" title="Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch">Shoreditch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Bethnal_Green" title="Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green">Bethnal Green</a>, where they polled 15.7% and 7.7% respectively in the wards contested, the UM performed very poorly and secured no representation.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Union Movement then declined as a political party, and attendance at meetings dwindled until it was negligible.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disillusioned by the stern opposition that the UM faced and his style of street politics being exposed as somewhat passé, in 1951 Mosley went into self-imposed exile in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A member of Union Movement called F.B. Price-Heywood was elected as a councillor in <a href="/wiki/Grasmere_(village)" title="Grasmere (village)">Grasmere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_District" title="Lake District">Lake District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a>, during the 1953 local elections, but it was a rare success for the party, and the UM gained no parliamentary seats.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Union Movement published several weekly newspapers and monthly magazines including <i>Union</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Action_(newspaper)" title="Action (newspaper)">Action</a></i> (also the title of the prewar weekly newspaper of the <a href="/wiki/New_Party_(UK)" title="New Party (UK)">New Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists" title="British Union of Fascists">British Union of Fascists</a>), <i>Attack</i>, <i>Alternative</i>, <i>East London Blackshirt</i>, <a href="/wiki/The_European_(1953_magazine)" title="The European (1953 magazine)"><i>The European</i></a> and <i>National European</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Racial_tensions_and_rise_of_party">Racial tensions and rise of party</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Racial tensions and rise of party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/British_Nationality_Act_1948" title="British Nationality Act 1948">British Nationality Act 1948</a>, there was a great increase in immigration, particularly from the <a href="/wiki/British_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="British Commonwealth">Commonwealth</a> and the colonies. In the early 1950s, immigration was estimated at 8,000–10,000 per year, but it had grown to 35,000 per year by 1957. Perceptions of the new migrant workers were frequently stereotypical, but the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a>, despite the private opinions of some of its members, was loath to make a political issue out of it for fear of being seen as gutter politicians. Disturbances occurred in 1958 in <a href="/wiki/Notting_Hill" title="Notting Hill">Notting Hill</a> after a Mosley rally and in <a href="/wiki/Nottingham" title="Nottingham">Nottingham</a> with clashes between racial groups, a new phenomenon in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new uncertainties revitalised the UM, and Mosley re-emerged to stand as a candidate in the <a href="/wiki/1959_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1959 United Kingdom general election">1959 general election</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kensington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Kensington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Kensington North</a>, which included Notting Hill, his first parliamentary election since 1931. Mosley made immigration his campaign issue and combined calls for assisted <a href="/wiki/Repatriation" title="Repatriation">repatriation</a> with stories regarding <a href="/wiki/Criminality" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminality">criminality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_deviance" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual deviance">sexual deviance</a> of black people, a common theme of the time.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 8.1% share of the vote<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that he secured was a personal humiliation for a man who still hoped that he would be called to serve someday as the <a href="/wiki/British_prime_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="British prime minister">British prime minister</a>. However, the UM was as a whole buoyed by the immigration question, which it saw as the next big issue in British politics. </p><p>In April 1965, Mosley attempted to show that he and the UM were not racist by forming an "Associate Movement" for ethnic minorities who agreed with his policies, including the financially-assisted repatriation of immigrants to their homelands of origin. The group was led by an Indian solicitor and an African airline pilot but was short-lived.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Final_days">Final days</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Final days"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Along with his domestic politics, Mosley continued to work towards his goal of Europe a Nation and in 1962 attended a conference in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> at which he helped to form a <a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Europe" title="National Party of Europe">National Party of Europe</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Reichspartei" title="Deutsche Reichspartei">Reichspartei</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mouvement_d%27Action_Civique" title="Mouvement d'Action Civique">Mouvement d'Action Civique</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jeune_Europe" title="Jeune Europe">Jeune Europe</a> of <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Movement" title="Italian Social Movement">Italian Social Movement</a> (MSI).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adopting the slogan "Progress - Solidarity - Unity", the movement aimed to work closely for a closer unity of European states, but in the end, little came of it as only the MSI enjoyed any success domestically. The group replaced the earlier <a href="/wiki/European_Social_Movement" title="European Social Movement">European Social Movement</a> in which Mosley had also been involved. The Union Movement itself did not play an active role in Europe, although it helped to set in motion co-operation between like-minded groups across Europe, which continued with the <a href="/wiki/European_National_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="European National Front">European National Front</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Mosley stood again in the <a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966 election</a>, this time in the <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch_and_Finsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Shoreditch and Finsbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Shoreditch and Finsbury constituency</a>. However, gaining only 4.6% of the vote, Mosley effectively departed the scene thereafter, although he remained the official UM leader until 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The increasingly marginalised UM carried on into the 1970s and still advocated Europe A Nation but had no real influence and failed to capture support for its policies. </p><p>A brief revival seemed possible after the UM became the Action Party in 1973, the name under which it fought six seats at the <a href="/wiki/1973_Greater_London_Council_election" title="1973 Greater London Council election">Greater London Council election</a>. Under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hamm" title="Jeffrey Hamm">Jeffrey Hamm</a>, the party hoped for something of a revival although it was damaged severely in 1974 when a leading member, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Thompson_(British_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keith Thompson (British politician)">Keith Thompson</a>, and his followers split to form the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Saint_George" title="League of Saint George">League of Saint George</a>, a non-party movement that they claimed was the true continuation of Mosley's ideas. With a sizeable chunk of its membership long since lost to the <a href="/wiki/British_National_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="British National Front">National Front</a>, the Action Party gave up electoral politics and in 1978 became the Action Society, which acted as a publishing house rather than a political party.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group continued until Hamm's death in 1994, when the funding of Mosley's widow, <a href="/wiki/Diana_Mitford" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana Mitford">Diana Mitford</a>, was withdrawn. The Action Society was then wound up – this represented the final end of the Union Movement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_results">Election results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_of_Commons">House of Commons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: House of Commons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th># of seats<br />contested </th> <th># of total votes </th> <th>% of vote in<br />seats contested </th> <th># of seats won </th> <th>Rank </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1959_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1959 United Kingdom general election">1959</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2,821 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">4<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4,075 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1980s <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> television series <i><a href="/wiki/Shine_on_Harvey_Moon" title="Shine on Harvey Moon">Shine on Harvey Moon</a></i> features members of Mosley's Union Movement. It was created by the writers <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Marks_(British_writer)" title="Laurence Marks (British writer)">Laurence Marks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Gran" title="Maurice Gran">Maurice Gran</a> who would later produce the <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> mini-series <i><a href="/wiki/Mosley_(TV_serial)" title="Mosley (TV serial)">Mosley</a></i> broadcast in 1998. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Well-known_members">Well-known members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Well-known members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Bean_(politician)" title="John Bean (politician)">John Bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Burgess" title="Victor Burgess">Victor Burgess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hamm" title="Jeffrey Hamm">Jeffrey Hamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Francis_Hawkins" title="Neil Francis Hawkins">Neil Francis Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Mitford" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana Mitford">Diana Mitford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Moran" title="Tommy Moran">Tommy Moran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Mosley" title="Max Mosley">Max Mosley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Mosley" title="Oswald Mosley">Oswald Mosley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Row" title="Robert Row">Robert Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Thompson_(British_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keith Thompson (British politician)">Keith Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Raven_Thomson" title="Alexander Raven Thomson">Alexander Raven Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Wood" class="mw-redirect" title="John G. Wood">John G. Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Parker_Yockey" title="Francis Parker Yockey">Francis Parker Yockey</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Related_groups_and_concepts">Related groups and concepts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Related groups and concepts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists" title="British Union of Fascists">British Union of Fascists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_a_Nation" title="Europe a Nation">Europe a Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Saint_George" title="League of Saint George">League of Saint George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_British_fascism_since_1945" class="mw-redirect" title="History of British fascism since 1945">History of British fascism since 1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Oswald_Mosley" title="Friends of Oswald Mosley">Friends of Oswald Mosley</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFlannagan2022" class="citation web cs1">Flannagan, S (14 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grunge.com/963466/what-happened-to-british-union-of-fascists-leader-oswald-mosley-after-wwii/">"WHAT HAPPENED TO BRITISH UNION OF FASCISTS LEADER OSWALD MOSLEY AFTER WWII?"</a>. <i>Grunge</i>. Static Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grunge&rft.atitle=WHAT+HAPPENED+TO+BRITISH+UNION+OF+FASCISTS+LEADER+OSWALD+MOSLEY+AFTER+WWII%3F&rft.date=2022-08-14&rft.aulast=Flannagan&rft.aufirst=S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grunge.com%2F963466%2Fwhat-happened-to-british-union-of-fascists-leader-oswald-mosley-after-wwii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Are We Fascist?</i> by Robert Edwards <i>European Socialist Action</i> No 44, January/February 2013 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.europeanaction.com/id79.html">http://www.europeanaction.com/id79.html</a>) A reader recently advised me on the folly of promoting fascism. I agreed with hihttp://www.europeanaction.com/id79.html</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Row, R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oswaldmosley.com/misc_documents/ombfe.htm">Oswald Mosley, Briton, Fascist, European</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080402004743/http://www.oswaldmosley.com/misc_documents/ombfe.htm">Archived</a> 2 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Archive Hour</i>, BBC Radio 4, first broadcast 19 April 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dorril, Stephen. <i>Blackshirt: Sir Oswald Mosley & British Fascism</i>, Penguin Books, 2007, p. 566</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oswaldmosley.com/irelands-right-to-unite/">"Irelands Right to Unite"</a>. <i>www.oswaldmosley.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.oswaldmosley.com&rft.atitle=Irelands+Right+to+Unite&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oswaldmosley.com%2Firelands-right-to-unite%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Douglas, R.M., <i>Architects of the Resurrection - Ailtirí na hAiséirghe and the fascist 'new order' in Ireland</i> pp. 276-277, Manchester University Press 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Aiséirghe</i>, 20 June 1948, January 1950</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thurlow, R. <i>Fascism in Britain</i> London: IB Tauris, 1998, p. 214.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoollardWillis2000" class="citation book cs1">Woollard, John; Willis, Alan (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electionscentre.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Twentieth-Century-Local-Election-Results-Volume-2.pdf"><i>Twentieth Century Local Election Results. Volume 2: Election Results for London Metropolitan Boroughs 1931-1962</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Local Government Chronicle Elections Centre. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0948858273" title="Special:BookSources/0948858273"><bdi>0948858273</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Twentieth+Century+Local+Election+Results.+Volume+2%3A+Election+Results+for+London+Metropolitan+Boroughs+1931-1962&rft.pub=Local+Government+Chronicle+Elections+Centre&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0948858273&rft.aulast=Woollard&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Willis%2C+Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electionscentre.co.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F03%2FTwentieth-Century-Local-Election-Results-Volume-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2007" class="citation journal cs1">Walsh, Maurice (Spring 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thedublinreview.com/article/mosley-in-ireland/">"Mosley in Ireland"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dublin_Review" title="The Dublin Review">The Dublin Review</a></i>: 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dublin+Review&rft.atitle=Mosley+in+Ireland&rft.ssn=spring&rft.pages=3&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthedublinreview.com%2Farticle%2Fmosley-in-ireland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnion+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bartlett, Roger <i>Comrade</i> Newsletter of the Friends of Oswald Mosley <i>When Mosley Men Won Elections</i> (November 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bean, John <i>Many Shades of Black: Inside Britain's Far Right</i> Ostara Publications 2011, pp. 79-80</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor, S. <i>The National Front in English Politics</i>, London: Macmillan, 1982, p. 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mosley, Oswald. <i>My Life</i>, London: Nelson, 1970, pp. 447-452</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/ge59/i12.htm">UK General Election results October 1959</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Macklin, Graham. <i>Very Deeply Dyed in Black: Sir Oswald Mosley and the Resurrection of British Fascism after 1945</i>, London: I.B. Tauris, 2007, pp. 75-76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor, S. <i>The National Front in English Politics</i> London: Macmillan, 1982, p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor, S. <i>The National Front in English Politics</i> London: Macmillan, 1982, p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Boothroyd, D. <i>The History of British Political Parties</i> Politico's Publishing: 2001, p. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parliamentary seat contested in 1959: <a href="/wiki/Kensington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)#Elections_in_the_1950s" title="Kensington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Kensington North</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parliamentary seats contested in 1966: <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Handsworth_(UK_Parliament_constituency)#Elections_in_the_1960s" title="Birmingham Handsworth (UK Parliament constituency)">Birmingham Handsworth</a>; <a href="/wiki/Islington_South_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)#Elections_in_the_1960s" title="Islington South West (UK Parliament constituency)">Islington S.W.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Ardwick_(UK_Parliament_constituency)#Elections_in_the_1960s" title="Manchester Ardwick (UK Parliament constituency)">Manchester Ardwick</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch_and_Finsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)#Elections_in_the_1960s" title="Shoreditch and Finsbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Shoreditch and Finsbury</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Eatwell, R. (2003) <i>Fascism: A History</i>, Pimlico</li> <li>Mosley, Oswald (1970) <i>My Life</i>, Nelson Press</li> <li>Mosley, Oswald (1958) <i>Europe: Faith and Plan</i>, Euphorion Books</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Skidelsky,_Baron_Skidelsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Skidelsky, Baron Skidelsky">Skidelsky, Robert</a> (1975) <i>Oswald Mosley</i>, <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a></li> <li>Thurlow, R. (1998) <i>Fascism in Britain</i>, <a href="/wiki/I.B._Tauris" title="I.B. Tauris">I.B. Tauris</a></li> <li>Macklin, Graham (2007) <i>Very Deeply Dyed in Black: Sir Oswald Mosley and the Resurrection of British Fascism after 1945</i>, <a href="/wiki/I.B._Tauris" title="I.B. Tauris">I.B. Tauris</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Movement&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051230182140/http://www.oswaldmosley.com/um/um.html">Union Movement on OswaldMosley.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/oswald-mosley-british-fascist-and-pro-european/">"Britain’s post-war fascist pro-Europeans"</a> – article about Oswald Mosley's Union Movement in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_European" title="The New European">The New European</a></i> weekly newspaper</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oswaldmosley.net/europe-a-nation-1948.php"><i>Europe a Nation - 1948</i> an article written by a former member of Mosley's Union Movement and the founder and editor of the <i>European Action</i> monthly newspaper and UK pressure group, Robert Edwards</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://britishguardian.blogspot.com/2019/06/nationalism-needs-another-mosley-to.html">History of the formation of Union Movement on British Guardian blog</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRS4NR_BZ1w">British Pathe film footage of Union Movement marches and rallies in London and Manchester</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oswald_Mosley" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oswald_Mosley" title="Template:Oswald Mosley"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Oswald_Mosley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Oswald Mosley (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oswald_Mosley" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oswald Mosley"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oswald_Mosley" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Mosley" title="Oswald Mosley">Oswald Mosley</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Party_(UK)" title="New Party (UK)">New Party</a> (1931–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists" title="British Union of Fascists">British Union of Fascists</a> (1932–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_Defence_Force" title="Fascist Defence Force">Fascist Defence Force</a> (1933–1940)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Union Movement</a> (1948–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Europe" title="National Party of Europe">National Party of Europe</a> (1962–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Oswald_Mosley" title="Friends of Oswald Mosley">Friends of Oswald Mosley</a> (1982–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Output</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Europe_a_Nation" title="Europe a Nation">Europe a Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Mosley_autobiography)" title="My Life (Mosley autobiography)"><i>My Life</i> (autobiography)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Less_than_Zero_(Elvis_Costello_song)" title="Less than Zero (Elvis Costello song)">"Less than Zero" (song)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosley_(TV_serial)" title="Mosley (TV serial)"><i>Mosley</i> (TV serial)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderick_Spode" title="Roderick Spode">Roderick Spode</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Far-right_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UK_far_right" title="Template:UK far right"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UK_far_right" title="Template talk:UK far right"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UK_far_right" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UK far right"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Far-right_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-right politics in the United Kingdom">Far-right politics in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-1945 groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Brothers%27_League" title="British Brothers' League">British Brothers' League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Fascists" title="British Fascists">British Fascists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_People%27s_Party_(1939)" title="British People's Party (1939)">British People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists" title="British Union of Fascists">British Union of Fascists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Britons" title="The Britons">The Britons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britons_Publishing_Society" title="Britons Publishing Society">Britons Publishing Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Array" title="English Array">English Array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Mistery" title="English Mistery">English Mistery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_National_Association" title="English National Association">English National Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Fascist_League" title="Imperial Fascist League">Imperial Fascist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Link_(UK_organization)" title="The Link (UK organization)">The Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militant_Christian_Patriots" title="Militant Christian Patriots">Militant Christian Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Fascisti" title="National Fascisti">National Fascisti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_(UK,_1917)" title="National Party (UK, 1917)">National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_League" title="National Socialist League">National Socialist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_League" title="Nordic League">Nordic League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Club" title="Right Club">Right Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct<br />post-1945 groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Democratic_Party_(1979)" title="British Democratic Party (1979)">British Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire_Party" title="British Empire Party">British Empire Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Freedom_Party" title="British Freedom Party">British Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_People%27s_Party_(2005)" title="British People's Party (2005)">British People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_League_of_Ex-Servicemen_and_Women" title="British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women">British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_League_of_Rights" title="British League of Rights">British League of Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party_(1960)" title="British National Party (1960)">British National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_88" title="Column 88">Column 88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democratic_Alliance" title="Conservative Democratic Alliance">Conservative Democratic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Movement" title="Constitutional Movement">Constitutional Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_First_Party" title="England First Party">England First Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Liberation_Front" title="European Liberation Front">European Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Group" title="Flag Group">Flag Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Britain_Movement" title="For Britain Movement">For Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_Lads_Alliance" title="Football Lads Alliance">Football Lads Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Britain_Movement" title="Greater Britain Movement">Greater Britain Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Third_Position" title="International Third Position">International Third Position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Empire_Loyalists" title="League of Empire Loyalists">League of Empire Loyalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_GB" title="Liberty GB">Liberty GB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Party_(UK,_1966)" title="National Democratic Party (UK, 1966)">National Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democrats_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Democrats (United Kingdom)">National Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Fellowship" title="National Fellowship">National Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Independence_Party_(UK)" title="National Independence Party (UK)">National Independence Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Labour_Party_(UK,_1957)" title="National Labour Party (UK, 1957)">National Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_(UK,_1976)" title="National Party (UK, 1976)">National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Action_Party" title="National Socialist Action Party">National Socialist Action Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_(UK,_1962)" title="National Socialist Movement (UK, 1962)">National Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Socialist Movement (United Kingdom)">National Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Alliance" title="Nationalist Alliance">Nationalist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Britain_Party" title="New Britain Party">New Britain Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Nationalist_Party_(UK)" title="New Nationalist Party (UK)">New Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_League_(British_neo-Nazi_organisation)" title="Northern League (British neo-Nazi organisation)">Northern League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_National_Front" title="Official National Front">Official National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Party_(UK)" title="Patriotic Party (UK)">Patriotic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_Preservation_Society" title="Racial Preservation Society">Racial Preservation Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Conservative_Caucus" title="Revolutionary Conservative Caucus">Revolutionary Conservative Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearhead_(magazine)" title="Spearhead (magazine)"><i>Spearhead</i></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Union Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Country_Party_(United_Kingdom)" title="United Country Party (United Kingdom)">United Country Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Defence_League" title="White Defence League">White Defence League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Nationalist_Party" title="White Nationalist Party">White Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Goals_Institute" title="Western Goals Institute">Western Goals Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_far-right_groups_(1945%E2%80%93present)" title="List of British far-right groups (1945–present)">Active groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood_%26_Honour" title="Blood & Honour">Blood & Honour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britain_First" title="Britain First">Britain First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Democratic_Party_(2013)" title="British Democratic Party (2013)">British Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Movement" title="British Movement">British Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party" title="British National Party">British National Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/BNP_Youth" title="BNP Youth">BNP Youth</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Council_of_Britain" title="Christian Council of Britain">Christian Council of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_18" title="Combat 18">Combat 18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Defence_League" title="English Defence League">English Defence League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Democrats" title="English Democrats">English Democrats</a> (some members)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Oswald_Mosley" title="Friends of Oswald Mosley">Friends of Oswald Mosley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeland_Party_(Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Party (Britain)">Homeland Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Saint_George" title="League of Saint George">League of Saint George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Forum_(far-right_group)" title="London Forum (far-right group)">London Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Action_(UK)" title="National Action (UK)">National Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1999)" title="National Liberal Party (UK, 1999)">National Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9th_Society" title="November 9th Society">November 9th Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Alternative" title="Patriotic Alternative">Patriotic Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Coalition" title="Protestant Coalition">Protestant Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casuals_United" title="Casuals United">Pie and Mash squad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Nine_Angles" title="Order of Nine Angles">Order of Nine Angles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_Volunteer_Force" title="Racial Volunteer Force">Racial Volunteer Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomwaffen_Division#United_Kingdom_(Sonnenkrieg_Division)" title="Atomwaffen Division">Sonnenkrieg Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_Islamisation_of_Europe" title="Stop Islamisation of Europe">Stop Islamisation of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Britain_Group" title="Traditional Britain Group">Traditional Britain Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-1945 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Sophia_Allen" title="Mary Sophia Allen">Mary Sophia Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Amery" title="John Amery">John Amery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hamilton_Beamish" title="Henry Hamilton Beamish">Henry Hamilton Beamish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Beckett_(politician)" title="John Beckett (politician)">John Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Russell,_12th_Duke_of_Bedford" title="Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford">Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._B._D._Blakeney" title="R. B. D. Blakeney">R. B. D. Blakeney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Chesterton" title="A. K. Chesterton">A. K. Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Clarke" title="John Henry Clarke">John Henry Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Haller_Cooper" title="Thomas Haller Cooper">Thomas Haller Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Domvile" title="Barry Domvile">Barry Domvile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Drummond_Wolff_(Basingstoke_MP)" title="Henry Drummond Wolff (Basingstoke MP)">Henry Drummond Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josslyn_Hay,_22nd_Earl_of_Erroll" title="Josslyn Hay, 22nd Earl of Erroll">Josslyn Hay, 22nd Earl of Erroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Evans-Gordon" title="William Evans-Gordon">William Evans-Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Forgan" title="Robert Forgan">Robert Forgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Gardiner" title="Rolf Gardiner">Rolf Gardiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Boyle,_8th_Earl_of_Glasgow" title="Patrick Boyle, 8th Earl of Glasgow">Patrick Boyle, 8th Earl of Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Elsdale_Goad" title="Harold Elsdale Goad">Harold Elsdale Goad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Goodall" title="Reginald Goodall">Reginald Goodall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gordon-Canning" title="Robert Gordon-Canning">Robert Gordon-Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Greig" title="Louis Greig">Louis Greig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Francis_Hawkins" title="Neil Francis Hawkins">Neil Francis Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._F._C._Fuller" title="J. F. C. Fuller">J. F. C. Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Joyce" title="William Joyce">William Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Leese" title="Arnold Leese">Arnold Leese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotha_Lintorn-Orman" title="Rotha Lintorn-Orman">Rotha Lintorn-Orman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_McLardy" title="Frank McLardy">Frank McLardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Mitford" title="Unity Mitford">Unity Mitford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Mosley" title="Diana Mosley">Diana Mosley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Cynthia_Mosley" title="Lady Cynthia Mosley">Cynthia Mosley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Mosley" title="Oswald Mosley">Oswald Mosley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Wallop,_9th_Earl_of_Portsmouth" title="Gerard Wallop, 9th Earl of Portsmouth">Gerard Wallop, 9th Earl of Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Maule_Ramsay" title="Archibald Maule Ramsay">Archibald Maule Ramsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mitford,_2nd_Baron_Redesdale" title="David Mitford, 2nd Baron Redesdale">David Mitford, 2nd Baron Redesdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliott_Verdon_Roe" title="Alliott Verdon Roe">Alliott Verdon Roe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Russell,_26th_Baron_de_Clifford" title="Edward Russell, 26th Baron de Clifford">Edward Russell, 26th Baron de Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Raven_Thomson" title="Alexander Raven Thomson">Alexander Raven Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Seton_Hutchison" title="Graham Seton Hutchison">Graham Seton Hutchison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Vivian" title="Herbert Vivian">Herbert Vivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warburton_(fascist)" title="John Warburton (fascist)">John Warburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Watts_(fascist)" title="Charlie Watts (fascist)">Charlie Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesta_Helen_Webster" title="Nesta Helen Webster">Nesta Helen Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_5th_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 5th Duke of Wellington">Arthur Wellesley, 5th Duke of Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Williamson" title="Henry Williamson">Henry Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ormonde_Winter" title="Ormonde Winter">Ormonde Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Yeats-Brown" title="Francis Yeats-Brown">Francis Yeats-Brown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-1945 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Anderson_(British_politician)" title="Ian Anderson (British politician)">Ian Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Barnbrook" title="Richard Barnbrook">Richard Barnbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._F._X._Baron" title="A. F. X. Baron">A. F. X. Baron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Larratt_Battersby" title="James Larratt Battersby">James Larratt Battersby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Beackon" title="Derek Beackon">Derek Beackon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bean_(politician)" title="John Bean (politician)">John Bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Birdwood,_Baroness_Birdwood" title="Jane Birdwood, Baroness Birdwood">Jane, Lady Birdwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bowden" title="Jonathan Bowden">Jonathan Bowden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Brons" title="Andrew Brons">Andrew Brons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Bryan" title="Kevin Bryan">Kevin Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Buckby" title="Jack Buckby">Jack Buckby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddy_Butler" title="Eddy Butler">Eddy Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Chesterton" title="A. K. Chesterton">A. K. Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Collett" title="Mark Collett">Mark Collett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_London_nail_bombings#David_Copeland" title="1999 London nail bombings">David Copeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Cotterill" title="Mark Cotterill">Mark Cotterill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Crane" title="Nicky Crane">Nicky Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Darby" title="Simon Darby">Simon Darby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Ebanks" title="Sharon Ebanks">Sharon Ebanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Edmonds" title="Richard Edmonds">Richard Edmonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Dowson" title="Jim Dowson">Jim Dowson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fountaine" title="Andrew Fountaine">Andrew Fountaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayda_Fransen" title="Jayda Fransen">Jayda Fransen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Golding" title="Paul Golding">Paul Golding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Griffin" title="Nick Griffin">Nick Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hamm" title="Jeffrey Hamm">Jeffrey Hamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hancock_(publisher)" title="Anthony Hancock (publisher)">Anthony Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Harrington_(activist)" title="Patrick Harrington (activist)">Patrick Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Hill_(British_activist)" title="Ray Hill (British activist)">Ray Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Holland_(activist)" title="Derek Holland (activist)">Derek Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Holmes_(British_politician)" title="Tom Holmes (British politician)">Tom Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_Hopkins" title="Katie Hopkins">Katie Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Huxley-Blythe" title="Peter Huxley-Blythe">Peter Huxley-Blythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Irving" title="David Irving">David Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Jordan" title="Colin Jordan">Colin Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raheem_Kassam" title="Raheem Kassam">Raheem Kassam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kemp" title="Arthur Kemp">Arthur Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Kurtagi%C4%87" title="Alex Kurtagić">Alex Kurtagić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kingsley_Read" title="John Kingsley Read">John Kingsley Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Lake_(English_Defence_League)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Lake (English Defence League)">Alan Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lawson_(activist)" title="Richard Lawson (activist)">Richard Lawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Lecomber" title="Tony Lecomber">Tony Lecomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McLaughlin_(activist)" title="Michael McLaughlin (activist)">Michael McLaughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddy_Morrison" title="Eddy Morrison">Eddy Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Morse_(British_politician)" title="John Morse (British politician)">John Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Myatt" title="David Myatt">David Myatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Brien_(British_politician)" title="John O'Brien (British politician)">John O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Painter" title="Roy Painter">Roy Painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neema_Parvini" title="Neema Parvini">Neema Parvini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Pearson_(anthropologist)" title="Roger Pearson (anthropologist)">Roger Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Pirie" title="Denis Pirie">Denis Pirie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Quinn_(neo-Nazi)" title="Kevin Quinn (neo-Nazi)">Kevin Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Reed_Herbert" title="Anthony Reed Herbert">Anthony Reed Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Relf" title="Robert Relf">Robert Relf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Renshaw_(terrorist)" title="Jack Renshaw (terrorist)">Jack Renshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennial_Woes" title="Millennial Woes">Colin Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Robinson" title="Tommy Robinson">Tommy Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Row" title="Robert Row">Robert Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Sheppard_(activist)" title="Simon Sheppard (activist)">Simon Sheppard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Smith_(far-right_activist)" title="Kenny Smith (far-right activist)">Kenny Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Southgate" title="Troy Southgate">Troy Southgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Stuart_Donaldson" title="Ian Stuart Donaldson">Ian Stuart Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Thompson_(politician)" title="Keith Thompson (politician)">Keith Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyndall_(far-right_activist)" title="John Tyndall (far-right activist)">John Tyndall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Verrall" title="Richard Verrall">Richard Verrall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Walker_(British_politician)" title="Adam Walker (British politician)">Adam Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Marie_Waters" title="Anne Marie Waters">Anne Marie Waters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Joseph_Watson" title="Paul Joseph Watson">Paul Joseph Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Webster" title="Martin Webster">Martin Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_West_(politician)" title="Robert West (politician)">Robert West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Weston_(politician)" title="Paul Weston (politician)">Paul Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Williamson" title="Graham Williamson">Graham Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Wingfield" title="Martin Wingfield">Martin Wingfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Graeme_Wood" title="John Graeme Wood">John Graeme Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo_Yiannopoulos" title="Milo Yiannopoulos">Milo Yiannopoulos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-German_Fellowship" title="Anglo-German Fellowship">Anglo-German Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cable_Street" title="Battle of Cable Street">Battle of Cable Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Fascism" class="mw-redirect" title="British Fascism">British Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party_election_results" title="British National Party election results">British National Party election results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliveden_set" title="Cliveden set">Cliveden set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_a_Nation" title="Europe a Nation">Europe a Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_fascist_parties" title="List of British fascist parties">List of British fascist parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)_election_results" title="National Front (UK) election results">National Front election results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Maintenance_of_Supplies" title="Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies">Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Soldier" title="Political Soldier">Political Soldier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Against_Communism" title="Rock Against Communism">Rock Against Communism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active notable publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candour_(magazine)" title="Candour (magazine)"><i>Candour</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwatch" title="Redwatch">Redwatch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4534560#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4534560#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4534560#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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