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</ul></li> </ul> <ul class="follow"> <li>Follow us:</li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/https://www.facebook.com/TheIndependentOnline" target="_blank" title="Facebook" class="icon-facebook"></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/https://twitter.com/independent" target="_blank" title="Twitter" class="icon-twitter"></a> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <div id="content"> <div class="region region-header"> <div class="ad-leaderboard"> <div id="leaderboard" style="margin: 0 auto 40px;"></div> </div> </div> <div id="cookie-warning"> <a href="#" class="close icon-close" title="OK"></a> <p>We use cookies to enhance your visit to our site and to bring you advertisements that might interest you. Read our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/privacy-policy-a6184181.html">Privacy</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/cookie-policy-a6184186.html">Cookie</a> Policies to find out more.</p> </div> <div class="tabs"></div> <div class="region region-content"> <article class="full-article" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/NewsArticle"> <meta itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" content="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-faces-guerrilla-war-after-high-court-hands-parliament-a-say-over-brexit-a7396401.html"> <div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <meta itemprop="name" content="The Independent"> <link itemprop="sameAs" href="http://www.independent.co.uk"> <link itemprop="logo" href="https://static.independent.co.uk/static-assets/brand-logo.png"> </div> <div class="dark-background"> <header> <ol vocab="http://schema.org/" typeof="BreadcrumbList" class="breadcrumbs clearfix"><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a property="item" typeof="WebPage" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/news"><span property="name">News</span></a></li><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a property="item" typeof="WebPage" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk"><span property="name">UK</span></a></li><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a property="item" typeof="WebPage" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics"><span property="name">UK Politics</span></a></li></ol> <h1 itemprop="headline" class=" ">Theresa May faces guerrilla war after High Court hands Parliament a say over Brexit</h1> <div class="intro"> <p>The Prime Minister has accepted an Act of Parliament will be needed to trigger Article 50, unless defeat can be overturned in the Supreme Court - with the danger of challenge or delay</p> </div> <ul class="caption meta inline-pipes-list"> <li class="author" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <span itemprop="name"><a href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/rob-merrick" title="Rob Merrick" itemprop="sameAs">Rob Merrick</a></span> Deputy Political Editor </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710/https://twitter.com/Rob_Merrick">@Rob_Merrick</a> </li> <li title="3 November 2016 22:33 London"><time data-microtimes="{"published":"1478212380000","display":0,"changed":"1478212380000"}" datetime="22:33, 3 November 2016">Thursday 3 November 2016 22:33 BST</time></li> <li class="comments"> <a href="#commentsDiv" id="comment-count" class="icon-comment"></a> </li> </ul> <div id="gigya-share-btns-1"></div> <div class="fb-like"> <iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710if_/https://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Findypolitics%2F&width=450&layout=button&action=like&size=large&show_faces=false&share=false&height=35&appId=235586169789578" width="70" height="35" style="border:none;overflow:hidden;float:left;" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true"></iframe> <div class="fb-info">Click to follow<br/>Indy Politics</div> </div> </header> <figure itemprop="associatedMedia video" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/VideoObject" class="featured-media medium-width"> <div class="video-player"> <div class="bc_container"> <video id="5195565491001" data-account="624246174001" data-player="82f79524-152c-485f-bcb0-09197a216c87" data-embed="default" data-video-id="5195565491001" class="video-js" controls></video> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20161122173710js_/http://players.brightcove.net/624246174001/82f79524-152c-485f-bcb0-09197a216c87_default/index.min.js"></script> </div>  </div> </figure> <div class="video-playlist"> <h2 class="box-title box-title-dark"><a href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/videos">Popular videos</a></h2><ul><li> <a href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-trans-pacific-partnership-trade-donald-trump-latest-a7430811.html"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710im_/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/video_thumbnail/public/thumbnails/image/2016/11/21/19/trump-tpp.jpg"> <h2>US to quit Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, says Donald Trump</h2> </a> </li><li> <a href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/ghostbusters-paul-feig-interview-dvd-blu-ray-kate-mckinnon-holtzmann-chris-hemsworth-a7430431.html"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710im_/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/video_thumbnail/public/thumbnails/image/2016/11/21/18/paul-feig.jpg"> <h2>Ghostbusters' Paul Feig on why everybody's obsessed with Holtzmann</h2> </a> </li><li> <a href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syrian-civil-war-latest-aleppo-battle-regime-russia-iran-advance-rebels-hospitals-school-bombed-air-a7430151.html"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710im_/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/video_thumbnail/public/thumbnails/image/2016/11/21/15/aleppo-20-november.jpg"> <h2>Syrian forces advancing on eastern Aleppo in 'horrific' assault</h2> </a> </li><li> <a href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/fabric-reopen-london-nightclub-appeal-a7430111.html"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122173710im_/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/video_thumbnail/public/thumbnails/image/2016/11/21/16/fabric-nightclub.jpg"> <h2>Fabric has been allowed to reopen after last-minute appeal hearing</h2> </a> </li></ul></div> </div> <div class="article-wrapper clearfix"> <div class="main-content-column"> <div class="text-wrapper" itemprop="articleBody"> <p> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[/* ><![CDATA[/* ><!]]]]><![CDATA[>*/ /*--><!]]>*/ </style></p> <p>Theresa May is braced for guerrilla warfare in Parliament in order to drive through Brexit, after the shattering blow of defeat in the High Court.</p> <p>The Prime Minister accepts an Act of Parliament will be necessary to win the right to trigger the Article 50 exit notice - unless yesterday’s judgment can be overturned in the Supreme Court.</p> <p>That would open the door for MPs and peers to challenge and amend – and even stall - the Government’s strategy for withdrawal if they oppose aspects of it, perhaps in lengthy Parliamentary battles.</p> <div class="inline-block inline-block-related-single inline-block-left" data-nid="/news/uk/politics/brexit-leaving-european-union-judge-quotes-government-lord-chief-justice-a7395416.html"><a href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-leaving-european-union-judge-quotes-government-lord-chief-justice-a7395416.html"><img src="/web/20161122173710im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/s3/files/styles/readmore_card/public/thumbnails/image/2016/11/03/10/theresa-may.jpg"/><div class="content"> <div class="context-capsule">Read more</div> <h2>Brexit High Court judge's 7 damning attacks on government</h2> </div> </a></div> <p>It means Ms May has lost some control over the perilous process – throwing into doubt her timetable for invoking Article 50 by the end of March.</p> <p>The High Court defeat increased the odds against a so-called ‘hard Brexit’, because there is a majority in Parliament for retaining close access to the single market.</p> <p>And it raised the prospect of a snap general election, to resolve any stalemate – although the Prime Minister tried to stamp on such talk yesterday.</p> <p>The body blow of a likely Act – and possible delay to Brexit – emerged within hours of the sensational judgment that the Government does not have the right to bypass Parliament. </p> <p>Three judges ruled the Prime Minister could not use the “feudal” Royal Prerogative to invoke Article 50, thereby excluding MPs and peers.</p> <p>David Davis, the Brexit Secretary, said he accepted the judgment would not allow a simple resolution – rather than an Act – to be passed by Parliament, to start withdrawal.</p> <p>The Prime Minister’s spokeswoman agreed, saying: “What David Davis was setting out would be a logical conclusion to draw from the judgment today, although I don’t think it was explicit on this point.”</p> <p>She added: “The key point here is that we are appealing. We don’t agree with the court’s view, we are appealing it and the next step is for the Supreme Court to hear that appeal.”</p> <p>However, the ruling was devastating for the Government - concluding its arguments had been contrary to “fundamental constitutional principles of the sovereignty of Parliament”.</p> <p>Legal commentators suggested it was odds-on the Government will lose again in the Supreme Court – a case pencilled in for December 7, with a judgement in January.</p> <p>Theresa May’s spokeswoman declined to say whether different legal arguments would be put forward – or whether the under-fire Attorney General would oversee the case.</p> <p>The Scottish Government could yet join the legal challenge, after SNP First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said she "actively consider" becoming involved.</p> <p>Pro-EU Tory grandee Ken Clarke was among MPs who welcomed the prospect of crucial decisions no longer being taken in Cabinet committees of "squabbling colleagues".</p> <p>He condemned that stance as “a childish attempt to avoid debate”, adding: “The vote was we leave the EU - but it was silent on the terms.”</p> <div class="relatedlinkslist inline-block-related-list inline-block-left"> <h2 class="box-title">Read more</h2> <div class="relatedlinkslist-content" style="min-height: 10px;"> <ul class="related"><li><a data-author="Editorial..." data-nid="7396056" data-publish_date="03-11-2016" href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/editorials/the-government-shouldnt-fight-the-high-courts-article-50-decision-a7396056.html">The Government shouldn't fight the High Court's Article 50 decision </a></li> <li><a data-author="Lucy Pasha-Robinson..." data-nid="7395431" data-publish_date="03-11-2016" href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/brexit-legal-challenge-article-50-european-media-high-court-ruling-humiliating-for-theresa-may-a7395431.html">European media labels Brexit legal ruling a 'humiliation' for May</a></li> <li><a data-author="Tom Peck..." data-nid="7395421" data-publish_date="03-11-2016" href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/is-this-high-court-ruling-really-the-end-for-brexit-a7395421.html">Is this High Court ruling really the end for Brexit?</a></li> <li><a data-author="John Rentoul..." data-nid="7395391" data-publish_date="03-11-2016" href="/web/20161122173710/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/article-50-high-court-ruling-theresa-may-avoided-embarrassment-a7395391.html">Theresa May unnecessarily embarrassed herself over Article 50 </a></li> </ul></div> </div> <p>Former chancellor George Osborne signalled he would fight a hard Brexit in the Commons, saying: “I would be arguing for the closest possible trading and economic relationship with Europe, outside of the EU.”</p> <p>However, few believe a majority of MPs are ready to block Brexit, after many Remain-supporting MPs conceded they must abide by the verdict of their constituents.</p> <p>Asked if he would back Article 50 if there was a vote now, Hilary Benn, the Labour MP who chairs the Commons Brexit Committee, replied: “Yes.”</p> <p>Mr Benn said the Commons was only seeking the chance to influence the negotiating stance, adding: “This was not a judgment on whether we are leaving the European Union – because we are.</p> <p>“The public made that choice in the referendum and I think Parliament should uphold that.”</p> <div class="dnd-widget-wrapper context-sdl_editor_representation type-gallery"><div class="dnd-atom-rendered"><div class="image"><script> <![CDATA[// ><!]]> </script><div class="container grid-mod-gallery" data-scald-gallery="4944911">  <h2 class="gallery-title"><span class="media-prefix icon-gallery"></span>Brexit Concerns</h2> <div class="images">  <ul><li class="lazy " data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/story_large/public/thumbnails/image/2016/11/03/09/theresa-may-europe.jpg"> <a data-gallery-thumb="1" href="#"><span class="pager 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class="icon-arrow-right"></span> <a href="#" class="pager prev" title="Previous photo"></a> <a href="#" class="pager next" title="Next photo"></a> </div> <ul class="legends"><li data-gallery-legend="1"> <h2> <span class="counter">1/22</span>  </h2>  <p>British Prime Minister Theresa May</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="2"> <h2> <span class="counter">2/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Lead campaigner Gina Miller and her team outside the High Court</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="3"> <h2> <span class="counter">3/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Raymond McCord holds up his newly issued Irish passport alongside his British passport outside the High Court in Belfast following a judges dismissal of the UK's first legal challenges to Brexit</p>  <p class="credits">PA wire</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="4"> <h2> <span class="counter">4/22</span>  </h2>  <p>SDLP leader Colum Eastwood leaving the High Court in Belfast following a judges dismissal of the UK's first legal challenges to Brexit</p>  <p class="credits">PA wire</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="5"> <h2> <span class="counter">5/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Migrants with luggage walk past a graffiti on a wall as they leave the 'Jungle' migrant camp, as part of a major three-day operation planned to clear the camp in Calais</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="6"> <h2> <span class="counter">6/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Migrants leave messages on their tents in the Jungle migrant camp</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="7"> <h2> <span class="counter">7/22</span>  </h2>  <p>The Adventist Development and Relief Agency (Adra) which distributes approximately 700 meals daily in the northern Paris camp states that it is noticing a spike in new migrant arrivals this week, potentially linked the the Calais 'jungle' camp closure - with around 1000 meals distributed today</p>  <p class="credits">EPA</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="8"> <h2> <span class="counter">8/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Migrant workers pick apples at Stocks Farm in Suckley, Britain</p>  <p class="credits">Reuters</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="9"> <h2> <span class="counter">9/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Many farmers across the country are voicing concerns that Brexit could be a dangerous step into the unknown for the farming industry</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="10"> <h2> <span class="counter">10/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Bank of England governor Mark Carney who said the long-term outlook for the UK economy is positive, but growth was slowing in the wake of the Brexit vote</p>  <p class="credits">PA</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="11"> <h2> <span class="counter">11/22</span>  </h2>  <p>The Dow Jones industrial average closed down over 600 points on the news with markets around the globe pluninging</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="12"> <h2> <span class="counter">12/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Immigration officers deal with each member of the public seeking entry into the United Kingdom but on average, 10 a day are refused entry at this London airport and between 2008 and 2009, 33,100 people were detained at the airport for mainly passport irregularities</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="13"> <h2> <span class="counter">13/22</span>  </h2>  <p>A number of global investment giants have threatened to move their European operations out of London if Brexit proves to have a negative impact on their businesses</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="14"> <h2> <span class="counter">14/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Following the possibility of a Brexit the UK would be released from its renewable energy targets under the EU Renewable Energy Directive and from EU state aid restrictions, potentially giving the government more freedom both in the design and phasing out of renewable energy support regimes</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="15"> <h2> <span class="counter">15/22</span>  </h2>  <p>A woman looking at a chart showing the drop in the pound (Sterling) against the US Dollar in London after Britain voted to leave the EU</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="16"> <h2> <span class="counter">16/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Young protesters outside the Houses of Parliament in Westminster, to protest against the United Kingdom's decision to leave the EU following the referendum</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="17"> <h2> <span class="counter">17/22</span>  </h2>  <p>Applications from Northern Ireland citizens for Irish Passports has soared to a record high after the UK Voted in favour of Leaving the EU</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="18"> <h2> <span class="counter">18/22</span>  </h2>  <p>NFU Vice President Minette Batters with Secretary of State, Andrea Leadsome at the National Farmers Union (NFU) took machinery, produce, farmers and staff to Westminster to encourage Members of Parliament to back British farming, post Brexit</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="19"> <h2> <span class="counter">19/22</span>  </h2>  <p>The latest reports released by the UK Cabinet Office warn that expats would lose a range of specific rights to live, to work and to access pensions, healthcare and public services. The same reports added that UK citizens abroad would not be able to assume that these rights will be guaranteed in the future</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="20"> <h2> <span class="counter">20/22</span>  </h2>  <p>A British resident living in Spain asks questions during an informative Brexit talk by the "Brexpats in Spain" group, about Spanish legal issues to become Spanish citizens, at the town hall in Benalmadena, Spain</p>  <p class="credits">Reuters</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="21"> <h2> <span class="counter">21/22</span>  </h2>  <p>The collapse of Great Britain appears to have been greatly exaggerated given the late summer crowds visiting city museums, hotels, and other important tourist attractions</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> <li data-gallery-legend="22"> <h2> <span class="counter">22/22</span>  </h2>  <p>The U.K. should maintain European Union regulations covering everything from working hours to chemicals until after the government sets out its plans for Brexit, said British manufacturers anxious to avoid a policy vacuum and safeguard access to their biggest export market</p>  <p class="credits">Getty</p> </li> </ul><div class="ad-mpu mpu5-container"> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div> <p>Meanwhile, Ms May will today seek to convince other European leaders that High Court defeat will not derail her plan to trigger Article 50 by the end of March.</p> <p>She will speak by phone with European Commission president Jean-Claude Juncker as well as, probably, European Council president Donald Tusk and the leaders of some member states.</p> <p>The Prime Minister’s spokeswoman said: “She will set out what the process is, which is that we are appealing and that we are carrying ahead and sticking to the timetable we have set out.”</p> <p>The spokeswoman added: “This judgment is not going to derail that.”</p> <meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2016-11-03T22:33:00+00:00"/> <ul class="inline-pipes-list"> 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