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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_negotiations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Marriage negotiations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_negotiations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature_and_music_occasioned_by_the_prince's_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature_and_music_occasioned_by_the_prince's_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Literature and music occasioned by the prince's death</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Literature_and_music_occasioned_by_the_prince's_death-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Literature and music occasioned by the prince's death subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Literature_and_music_occasioned_by_the_prince's_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sermons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sermons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sermons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sermons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prose_memorials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prose_memorials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Prose memorials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prose_memorials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Verses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours_and_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours_and_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Honours and arms</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Honours_and_arms-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Honours and arms subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Honours_and_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Ancestry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="هنري ستيوارت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هنري ستيوارت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Frederik" title="Henri Frederik – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Henri Frederik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="هنری فردریک استوارت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هنری فردریک استوارت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D1%86%D1%8E%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%A3%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)" title="Генрых Фрэдэрык Сцюарт (прынц Уэльскі) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Генрых Фрэдэрык Сцюарт (прынц Уэльскі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Fridrik,_princ_od_Velsa" title="Henrik Fridrik, princ od Velsa – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Henrik Fridrik, princ od Velsa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enric_Frederic_d%27Anglaterra" title="Enric Frederic d'Anglaterra – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enric Frederic d'Anglaterra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jind%C5%99ich_Frederik_Stuart" title="Jindřich Frederik Stuart – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jindřich Frederik Stuart" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harri_Stuart" title="Harri Stuart – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Harri Stuart" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Frederick_Stuart,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Henry Frederick Stuart, Prince of Wales – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Henry Frederick Stuart, Prince of Wales" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%81%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ερρίκος Φρειδερίκος της Ουαλίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ερρίκος Φρειδερίκος της Ουαλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_Estuardo" title="Enrique Estuardo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enrique Estuardo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Frederick_Stuart" title="Henry Frederick Stuart – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Henry Frederick Stuart" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="هنری فردریک استوارت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هنری فردریک استوارت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Stuart" title="Henri-Frédéric Stuart – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Henri-Frédéric Stuart" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B3%B5_%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC_%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%94%EB%A6%AD" title="웨일스 공 헨리 프레더릭 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="웨일스 공 헨리 프레더릭" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_Federico_Stuart" title="Enrico Federico Stuart – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Enrico Federico Stuart" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7,_%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9A_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A1" title="הנרי פרדריק, נסיך ויילס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנרי פרדריק, נסיך ויילס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrijs_Frederiks" title="Henrijs Frederiks – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Henrijs Frederiks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_(%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7)" title="هنرى ستيوارت (ارستقراطى من مملكه اسكوتلاندا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هنرى ستيوارت (ارستقراطى من مملكه اسكوتلاندا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_Frederik_Stuart" title="Hendrik Frederik Stuart – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hendrik Frederik Stuart" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%83%87%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88" title="ヘンリー・フレデリック・ステュアート – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘンリー・フレデリック・ステュアート" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Frederick,_prins_av_Wales" title="Henry Frederick, prins av Wales – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Henry Frederick, prins av Wales" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henryk_Fryderyk_Stuart" title="Henryk Fryderyk Stuart – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Henryk Fryderyk Stuart" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrique_Frederico,_Pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Gales" title="Henrique Frederico, Príncipe de Gales – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Henrique Frederico, Príncipe de Gales" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henric_Frederick,_Prin%C8%9B_de_Wales" title="Henric Frederick, Prinț de Wales – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Henric Frederick, Prinț de Wales" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82,_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%A3%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Генрих Фредерик Стюарт, принц Уэльский – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Генрих Фредерик Стюарт, принц Уэльский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Frederick,_Prince_o_Wales" title="Henry Frederick, Prince o Wales – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Henry Frederick, Prince o Wales" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Eldest son of James I and VI (1594–1612)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people known as Henry, Prince of Wales, see <a href="/wiki/Henry,_Prince_of_Wales_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Henry, Prince of Wales (disambiguation)">Henry, Prince of Wales</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Henry Frederick</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> (<a href="#Titles,_styles,_honours_and_arms">more</a>)</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Prince_of_Wales_after_Isaac_Oliver.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Henry_Prince_of_Wales_after_Isaac_Oliver.jpg/220px-Henry_Prince_of_Wales_after_Isaac_Oliver.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Henry_Prince_of_Wales_after_Isaac_Oliver.jpg/330px-Henry_Prince_of_Wales_after_Isaac_Oliver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Henry_Prince_of_Wales_after_Isaac_Oliver.jpg/440px-Henry_Prince_of_Wales_after_Isaac_Oliver.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3391" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait after <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Oliver" title="Isaac Oliver">Isaac Oliver</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1610</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">19 February 1594<br /><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Castle" title="Stirling Castle">Stirling Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a>, Scotland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">6 November 1612 (aged 18)<br /><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data">8 December 1612<br /><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">Stuart</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI and I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style 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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile" style="background:#fff; border: 1px solid #88A; border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">Scottish and English Royalty</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">House of Stuart</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_England_(1603-1649).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%281603-1649%29.svg/160px-Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%281603-1649%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%281603-1649%29.svg/240px-Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%281603-1649%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%281603-1649%29.svg/320px-Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%281603-1649%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="509" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="text-align:left; background: #C5C5DD; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #8888AA; border-bottom: 1px solid #8888AA; padding: 0.2em 0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI and I</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left; padding:0.2em 0.5em;"> <dl><dt><i>Children</i></dt> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia">Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia and Electress Palatine</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Stuart_(1598%E2%80%931600)" title="Margaret Stuart (1598–1600)">Princess Margaret</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stuart,_Duke_of_Kintyre_and_Lorne" title="Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne">Prince Robert, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stuart_(1605%E2%80%931607)" title="Mary Stuart (1605–1607)">Princess Mary</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Stuart" title="Sophia Stuart">Princess Sophia</a></dd></dl></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding:2px"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:House_of_Stuart_sidebar" title="Template:House of Stuart sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:House_of_Stuart_sidebar" title="Template talk:House of Stuart sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:House_of_Stuart_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:House of Stuart sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of the Garter">KG</a></span></span> (19 February 1594 – 6 November 1612), was the eldest son and <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> of <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI and I</a>, King of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland</a>; and his wife <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a>. His name derives from his grandfathers: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Lord_Darnley" title="Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley">Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II of Denmark</a>. Prince Henry was widely seen as a bright and promising heir to his father's thrones. However, at the age of 18, he predeceased his father, dying of <a href="/wiki/Typhoid_fever" title="Typhoid fever">typhoid fever</a>. His younger brother <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles</a> succeeded him as heir apparent to the English, Irish, and Scottish thrones. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Henry was born on 19 February 1594 at <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Castle" title="Stirling Castle">Stirling Castle</a>, Scotland, and became <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Rothesay" title="Duke of Rothesay">Duke of Rothesay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Carrick" title="Earl of Carrick">Earl of Carrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baron_of_Renfrew_(title)" title="Baron of Renfrew (title)">Baron of Renfrew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Isles" title="Lord of the Isles">Lord of the Isles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prince_and_Great_Steward_of_Scotland" title="Prince and Great Steward of Scotland">Prince and Great Steward of Scotland</a> automatically on his birth. His nurses included <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Masterton" title="Margaret Masterton">Mistress Primrose</a> and Mistress Bruce.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECunningham1971xvii–xviii_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECunningham1971xvii–xviii-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry's baptism on 30 August 1594 was celebrated with <a href="/wiki/Masque_at_the_baptism_of_Prince_Henry" title="Masque at the baptism of Prince Henry">complex theatrical entertainments</a> written by poet <a href="/wiki/William_Fowler_(makar)" title="William Fowler (makar)">William Fowler</a> and a ceremony in a new Chapel Royal at Stirling purpose-built by <a href="/wiki/William_Schaw" title="William Schaw">William Schaw</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James VI set a tax of £100,000 for the expenses. Textiles and costume for the event were bought using <a href="/wiki/English_subsidy_of_James_VI" title="English subsidy of James VI">Anne's dowry of £100,000 Scots</a> which had been in the safekeeping of various towns.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the month before the baptism, there were rumours at the Scottish court that James VI was jealous of Anne of Denmark and thought that <a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Stewart,_2nd_Duke_of_Lennox" title="Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox">Ludovic Stewart, Duke of Lennox</a> might be the father of Prince Henry.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicholas_Hilliard_Elizabeth_I_c_1595-1600.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Nicholas_Hilliard_Elizabeth_I_c_1595-1600.jpg/220px-Nicholas_Hilliard_Elizabeth_I_c_1595-1600.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Nicholas_Hilliard_Elizabeth_I_c_1595-1600.jpg/330px-Nicholas_Hilliard_Elizabeth_I_c_1595-1600.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Nicholas_Hilliard_Elizabeth_I_c_1595-1600.jpg/440px-Nicholas_Hilliard_Elizabeth_I_c_1595-1600.jpg 2x" data-file-width="658" data-file-height="842" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth</a> sent a miniature portrait by <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hilliard" title="Nicholas Hilliard">Nicholas Hilliard</a> to Prince Henry</figcaption></figure> <p>His father placed him in the care of <a href="/wiki/John_Erskine,_Earl_of_Mar_(1558%E2%80%931634)" title="John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1558–1634)">John Erskine, Earl of Mar</a>, and his mother <a href="/wiki/Annabell_Murray,_Countess_of_Mar" title="Annabell Murray, Countess of Mar">Annabell Murray</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Castle" title="Stirling Castle">Stirling Castle</a>, out of the care of the boy's mother.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James VI worried that the mother's tendency toward <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> might affect the son. The child's removal to Stirling caused enormous tension between Anne and James,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeikle2000134–137_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeikle2000134–137-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Henry remained there under the care of Mar's family until 1603.<sup id="cite_ref-hds_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hds-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James VI wrote a note to the Earl of Mar in June 1595 instructing him, in the event of his death, not to deliver Henry to Anne of Denmark or the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">Parliament of Scotland</a> until he was 18 and gave the order himself.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anne of Denmark was reluctant to go to Stirling and was said to be afraid that her enemies would give her a poisoned <a href="/wiki/Posset" title="Posset">posset</a> at the Castle.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James VI frequently visited the Prince,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColville1858164_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColville1858164-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and travelled to Stirling for his son's first birthday.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As early as August 1595, James VI encouraged the infant to hold a pen and make a penstroke on a document, which the king humorously certified, "I will testify this is the prince's own mark".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Prince had silver candlesticks, a silver cup and a silver plate with a salt cellar.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a> contributed to the expenses at Stirling, paying £5000 <a href="/wiki/Pound_Scots" title="Pound Scots">Scots</a> in 1595.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time, <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Gray,_6th_Lord_Gray" title="Patrick Gray, 6th Lord Gray">Patrick Gray, Master of Gray</a> was keeper of Henry's wardrobe, and took delivery of a little coffer worth £8 <a href="/wiki/Pound_Scots" title="Pound Scots">Scots</a> for the Prince's clothes.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Adam_Newton_(tutor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam Newton (tutor)">Adam Newton</a> became his schoolmaster or tutor. <a href="/wiki/William_Keith_of_Delny" title="William Keith of Delny">William Keith of Delny</a> and then <a href="/wiki/George_Lauder_of_the_Bass" title="George Lauder of the Bass">George Lauder</a> were his legal tutors, administrators of his estates and incomes.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1596 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Queen Elizabeth</a>, via <a href="/wiki/Robert_Devereux,_2nd_Earl_of_Essex" title="Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex">Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex</a>, and his secretary <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Bacon_(1558%E2%80%931601)" title="Anthony Bacon (1558–1601)">Anthony Bacon</a>, sent her miniature portrait by <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hilliard" title="Nicholas Hilliard">Nicholas Hilliard</a> to Prince Henry, and this was received by the Earl of Mar at Stirling.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was said that Prince Henry would be godfather to his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Robert_Stuart,_Duke_of_Kintyre_and_Lorne" title="Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne">Duke Robert</a>, in May 1602, and afterwards stay at <a href="/wiki/Dunfermline_Palace" title="Dunfermline Palace">Dunfermline Palace</a> with his mother, but James VI forbade this.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alexander Wilson became Henry's tailor.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1602 it was planned that Henry would visit his mother at <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Palace" title="Falkland Palace">Falkland Palace</a>, but this was postponed because of her sickness.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French ambassador in London <a href="/wiki/Christophe_de_Harlay,_Count_of_Beaumont" title="Christophe de Harlay, Count of Beaumont">Christophe de Harlay, Count of Beaumont</a>, reported a rumour, spread by James's friends, that Anne of Denmark was cruel and ambitious, and hoped to rule Scotland as Regent or Governor for Henry after the death of her husband.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="London">London</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: London"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James became King of England in 1603 at the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Crowns" title="Union of the Crowns">Union of the Crowns</a> and his family moved south. Anne of Denmark came to Stirling to collect her son, and after an argument with the Prince's keepers, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Stewart,_Countess_of_Mar" title="Marie Stewart, Countess of Mar">Marie Stewart, Countess of Mar</a> and the <a href="/wiki/John_Erskine,_Earl_of_Mar_(1585%E2%80%931654)" title="John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1585–1654)">Master of Mar</a>, was allowed to take Henry to Edinburgh on 28 May.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the following Sunday Anne took him to <a href="/wiki/St_Giles%27_Cathedral" title="St Giles' Cathedral">St Giles Kirk</a> in her silver coach.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anne and Henry arrived in England, at the fortified town of <a href="/wiki/Berwick-upon-Tweed" title="Berwick-upon-Tweed">Berwick-upon-Tweed</a>, on 1 June.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry's tutor <a href="/wiki/Adam_Newton_(tutor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam Newton (tutor)">Adam Newton</a> continued to serve the Prince, and several Scottish servants from the Stirling household were retained, including the poet <a href="/wiki/David_Murray_(poet)" title="David Murray (poet)">David Murray</a>. The prince was lodged at <a href="/wiki/Oatlands_Palace" title="Oatlands Palace">Oatlands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nonsuch_Palace" title="Nonsuch Palace">Nonsuch Palace</a>, and was relocated to <a href="/wiki/Winchester_Castle" title="Winchester Castle">Winchester</a> during an outbreak of plague. At Winchester, in September 1603, Anne of Denmark produced a <a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry%27s_Welcome_at_Winchester" title="Prince Henry's Welcome at Winchester">masque</a> to welcome her son, which was controversial.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1603 he was staying at <a href="/wiki/Wilton_House" title="Wilton House">Wilton House</a>, and King James joked that a letter presented to Henry by the Venetian diplomats was bigger than he was.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry rode with the <a href="/wiki/Charles_Howard,_1st_Earl_of_Nottingham" title="Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham">Earl of Nottingham</a> and his governor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaloner_(courtier)" title="Thomas Chaloner (courtier)">Sir Thomas Chaloner</a> to Salisbury to dine with the Venetian ambassador <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%B2_Molin" title="Nicolò Molin">Nicolò Molin</a> and other diplomats. This was the first time he had made an appearance and dined outside the royal household, and his father joked that Henry was the ambassador's prisoner.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900119–121_nos._167,_169_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900119–121_nos._167,_169-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 March 1604, Henry rode on horseback behind his father through the streets of London during the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_James_I_and_Anne" title="Coronation of James I and Anne">delayed Royal Entry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900139–140_no._201_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900139–140_no._201-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1604 onwards, Henry often stayed at <a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</a>. The gardens were improved for him by Alphonsus Fowle.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The daily expenses of the Prince in England were managed by the <a href="/wiki/Cofferer_of_the_Household" title="Cofferer of the Household">Cofferer of the Household</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cocke" title="Henry Cocke">Henry Cocke</a> and after 1610 <a href="/wiki/Sir_David_Foulis,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir David Foulis, 1st Baronet">David Foulis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Murray_(poet)" title="David Murray (poet)">David Murray of Gorthy</a> was keeper of the Prince's privy purse and his accounts reveal some details of Henry's interests.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two Scottish tailors, Alexander Wilson and Patrick Black, moved to London and made the prince's clothes.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilson made him doublets and hose from cloth supplied by Robert Grigge, and a hunting coat of green chamlet lined with velvet. The prince was supplied with <a href="/wiki/Perfumed_gloves" title="Perfumed gloves">perfumed gloves</a> made of stag's leather, perfumed gloves from <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Spain" title="Córdoba, Spain">Córdoba</a>, and embroidered waistcoats "wrought very curiously in colour silks".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music,_games_and_sports"><span id="Music.2C_games_and_sports"></span>Music, games and sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Music, games and sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Frederick_Prince_of_Wales_on_Horseback.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Henry_Frederick_Prince_of_Wales_on_Horseback.jpg/220px-Henry_Frederick_Prince_of_Wales_on_Horseback.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Henry_Frederick_Prince_of_Wales_on_Horseback.jpg/330px-Henry_Frederick_Prince_of_Wales_on_Horseback.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Henry_Frederick_Prince_of_Wales_on_Horseback.jpg/440px-Henry_Frederick_Prince_of_Wales_on_Horseback.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1721" data-file-height="1756" /></a><figcaption>Henry, Prince of Wales, on Horseback, by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Peake_the_Elder" title="Robert Peake the Elder">Robert Peake the Elder</a><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Prince Henry was introduced to a variety of sports at Stirling Castle. In September 1600 he was bought two golf clubs, two staffs, and four rackets.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The handles were covered with velvet and dressed with metal <a href="/wiki/Passementerie" title="Passementerie">passementerie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 1601, an English visitor, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Musgrave_of_Bewcastle" title="Thomas Musgrave of Bewcastle">Thomas Musgrave</a>, saw Henry dance, leap, and wield a <a href="/wiki/Pike_(weapon)" title="Pike (weapon)">pike</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMackie1969878–879_no._719._41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMackie1969878–879_no._719.-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On Sunday 8 May 1603 Henry exercised in the castle garden, watched by his mother, played billiards after dinner, and after supper "ran and played at the boards".<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry had a huntsman, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pott_(master_hunter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Pott (master hunter)">Thomas Pott</a>, who continued to serve him in England. Pott travelled abroad several times, taking gifts of dogs from the young prince to European rulers.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry was tutored in music by <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Ferrabosco_the_younger" title="Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger">Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger</a>, Nicholas Villiard, and Walter Quinn. Thomas Giles taught him to dance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrong198627–29Ashbee199112,_36,_211_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrong198627–29Ashbee199112,_36,_211-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1604 Henry danced for the Spanish envoy, the Constable <a href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Velasco_y_Tovar,_5th_Duke_of_Fr%C3%ADas" title="Juan Fernández de Velasco y Tovar, 5th Duke of Frías">Velasco</a>, and showed him military pike exercises in the palace garden.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900178_no._266_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900178_no._266-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles Guerolt taught Henry the "science of defence", <a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">fencing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Oatlands in 1603 Prince Henry told <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Carlo_Scaramelli" title="Giovanni Carlo Scaramelli">Scaramelli</a>, a Venetian diplomat, about his interests in dancing, tennis and hunting.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown190074_no._104_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown190074_no._104-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> George Moncrieff was his falconer and kept his hawks.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1606 the French ambassador <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Lef%C3%A8vre_de_la_Boderie" title="Antoine Lefèvre de la Boderie">Antoine Lefèvre de la Boderie</a> noted that Prince Henry played golf, which he described as a Scottish game not unlike "pallemail" or <a href="/wiki/Pall-mall" title="Pall-mall">pall-mall</a>. One of Prince Henry's biographers, "W. H.", mentioned that Henry nearly hit Adam Newton with a golf ball, and Henry said that would have paid him back.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry also played tennis, and in July 1606 played with his uncle <a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV of Denmark</a> at <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenwich Palace">Greenwich Palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had a court for "pall-mall", laid out at St James's Fields, north of <a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</a>. It was a long alley surfaced with cockle shells crushed into clay or loam.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1607 Henry sought permission to learn to swim, but the Earls of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_1st_Earl_of_Suffolk" title="Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk">Suffolk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_1st_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury">Shrewsbury</a>, wrote to Newton that swimming was a "dangerous thing" that their own sons might practise "like feathers as light as things of nought", but was not suitable for Princes as "things of great weight and consequence".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A riding school, one of the first in England, was built for him at St James's Palace in 1607.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrong198664_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrong198664-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry competed at <a href="/wiki/Running_at_the_ring" title="Running at the ring">running at the ring</a> with foreign visitors and diplomats including <a href="/wiki/Louis_Frederick,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg-Montb%C3%A9liard" title="Louis Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard">Louis Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard</a>, in April and May 1610.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry talked of the merits of various breeds of horses and his own Barbary horses to the Venetian ambassador <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Foscarini" title="Antonio Foscarini">Antonio Foscarini</a> in 1611.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrong198614–15_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrong198614–15-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1609, he was entertained by a man with a baboon.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He revealed an interest in Venetian maritime power and had a plan of the fortification of <a href="/wiki/Palmanova" title="Palmanova">Palmanova</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900194_no._301_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900194_no._301-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an indoor amusement, Henry played chess.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBray179693_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBray179693-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature_in_the_schoolroom">Literature in the schoolroom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Literature in the schoolroom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In England, his writing masters included Peter Bales, who practiced "small writing" and made a miniature copy of the king's book of advice, the <i><a href="/wiki/Basilicon_Doron" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilicon Doron">Basilicon Doron</a></i> for him to wear as a tablet book.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bales encouraged Henry to copy improving Latin phrases, known as <i>sententiae</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry translated works by <a href="/wiki/Guy_Du_Faur,_Seigneur_de_Pibrac" title="Guy Du Faur, Seigneur de Pibrac">Guy Du Faur, Seigneur de Pibrac</a> and sent them to his mother, Anne of Denmark. He was a patron of <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Sylvester" class="mw-redirect" title="Joshua Sylvester">Joshua Sylvester</a>, who translated the poems of <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Salluste_Du_Bartas" title="Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas">Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas</a>. Henry started to translate Sylvester's version into Latin to present to his father.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He paid £100 to <a href="/wiki/George_Heriot" title="George Heriot">George Heriot</a> for a diamond ring sent to his friend the essayist <a href="/wiki/John_Harington_(writer)" title="John Harington (writer)">John Harington of Kelston</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who sent him a translation of the sixth book of the <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> with notes referring to his father's <i>Basilicon Doron</i>. Henry seems not to have studied ancient Greek authors, but told the Venetian ambassador he would learn modern Italian.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Esther_Inglis" title="Esther Inglis">Esther Inglis</a> presented him with miniature manuscript books, including <i>A Book of the Armes of England</i>, as a New Year's Day gift for which he rewarded her £5.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Venetian ambassador, <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%B2_Molin" title="Nicolò Molin">Nicolò Molin</a>, judged that Henry learnt under the impetus of his father's spur, rather than his own inclination, and his brother, <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles, Duke of York</a>, was more earnest in his studies.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Training_and_personality">Training and personality</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Training and personality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry,_Prince_of_Wales_by_Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_by_Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger.jpg/220px-Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_by_Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_by_Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger.jpg/330px-Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_by_Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_by_Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger.jpg/440px-Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_by_Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3410" /></a><figcaption>Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger" title="Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger">Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger</a>, c. 1603</figcaption></figure> <p>The king greatly preferred the role of schoolmaster to that of father, and he wrote texts for the schooling of his children. James directed that Henry's household "should rather imitate a College than a Court",<sup id="cite_ref-ccci_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccci-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or, as Thomas Chaloner wrote in 1607, "His Highness's household [...] was intended by the King for a <i>courtly college</i> or a <i>collegiate court</i>"<sup id="cite_ref-pemsac_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pemsac-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He passionately engaged in such physical pursuits as hawking, hunting, jousting and fencing,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from a young age studied naval and military affairs and national issues, about which he often disagreed with his father. He also disapproved of the way his father conducted the royal court, disliked <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr,_1st_Earl_of_Somerset" title="Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset">Robert Carr, Earl of Somerset</a>, a favourite of his father, and esteemed <a href="/wiki/Walter_Raleigh" title="Walter Raleigh">Walter Raleigh</a>, wishing him to be released from the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hds_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hds-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The prince's popularity rose so high that it threatened his father. Relations between the two could be tense, and on occasion surfaced in public.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrong198614–15_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrong198614–15-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At one point, they were hunting near <a href="/wiki/Royston,_Hertfordshire" title="Royston, Hertfordshire">Royston</a> when James criticised his son for lacking enthusiasm for the chase, and initially moved to strike his son with his cane, but Henry rode off.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the hunting party then followed the son.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Upright to the point of priggishness, he fined all who swore in his presence", according to Charles Carlton, a biographer of Charles I, who describes Henry as an "obdurate Protestant".<sup id="cite_ref-ccci_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccci-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the alms box to which Henry forced swearers to contribute, he made sure his household attended church services. His religious views were influenced by the clerics in his household, who came largely from a tradition of politicised <a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinism</a>. Henry listened humbly, attentively, and regularly to the sermons preached to his household, and once told his chaplain, Richard Milbourne, that he esteemed most the preachers whose attitude suggested, "Sir, you must hear me diligently: you must have a care to observe what I say."<sup id="cite_ref-pemsac_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pemsac-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry is said to have disliked his younger brother, Charles, and to have teased him, although this derives from only one anecdote: when Charles was nine years of age, Henry snatched the hat off a bishop and put it on the younger child's head, then told his younger brother that when he became king he would make Charles <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, and then Charles would have a long robe to hide his ugly rickety legs. Charles stamped on the cap and had to be dragged off in tears.<sup id="cite_ref-ccci_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccci-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Investiture_and_leadership">Investiture and leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Investiture and leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Prince_of_Wales_1610_Robert_Peake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Henry_Prince_of_Wales_1610_Robert_Peake.jpg/220px-Henry_Prince_of_Wales_1610_Robert_Peake.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Henry_Prince_of_Wales_1610_Robert_Peake.jpg/330px-Henry_Prince_of_Wales_1610_Robert_Peake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Henry_Prince_of_Wales_1610_Robert_Peake.jpg/440px-Henry_Prince_of_Wales_1610_Robert_Peake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="2338" /></a><figcaption>Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Peake_the_Elder" title="Robert Peake the Elder">Robert Peake the Elder</a>, c. 1610</figcaption></figure> <p>With his father's accession to the throne of England in 1603, Henry at once became <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Cornwall" title="Duke of Cornwall">Duke of Cornwall</a>. In 1610 he was further invested as <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Chester" title="Earl of Chester">Earl of Chester</a>, thus for the first time uniting the six automatic and two traditional Scottish and English titles held by heirs-apparent to the two thrones.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ceremony of investiture was celebrated with a pageant <i><a href="/wiki/London%27s_Love_to_Prince_Henry" title="London's Love to Prince Henry">London's Love to Prince Henry</a></i>, and a masque, <i><a href="/wiki/Tethys%27_Festival" title="Tethys' Festival">Tethys' Festival</a></i>, during which his mother gave a sword encrusted with diamonds, intended to represent justice.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn-Hensley201799_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn-Hensley201799-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a young man, Henry showed great promise and was beginning to be active in leadership matters. Among his activities, he was responsible for the reassignment of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dale" title="Thomas Dale">Sir Thomas Dale</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Company_of_London" title="Virginia Company of London">Virginia Company of London</a>'s struggling colony in North America. The city of <a href="/wiki/Henricus" title="Henricus">Henricus</a> in colonial Virginia was named in his honour in 1611; his name also survives in <a href="/wiki/Henrico_County,_Virginia" title="Henrico County, Virginia">Henrico County, Virginia</a><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Cape_Henry" title="Cape Henry">Cape Henry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the "Supreme Protector" of the Company of Discoverers of the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Passage" title="Northwest Passage">Northwest Passage</a>, and a patron of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Harcourt_(explorer)" title="Robert Harcourt (explorer)">Robert Harcourt's</a> expedition to <a href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">Guiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Irish <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic</a> lord of <a href="/wiki/Inishowen" title="Inishowen">Inishowen</a>, Sir <a href="/wiki/Cahir_O%27Doherty" title="Cahir O'Doherty">Cahir O'Doherty</a>, had applied to gain a position as a <a href="/wiki/Courtier" title="Courtier">courtier</a> in the household of Henry, to help him in his struggles against officials in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>. Unknown to Sir Cahir, on 19 April 1608, the day he launched <a href="/wiki/O%27Doherty%27s_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Doherty's Rebellion">O'Doherty's Rebellion</a> by <a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Derry" title="Burning of Derry">burning Derry</a>, his application was approved.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry took an interest in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Kingdom of Ireland</a> and was known to be supportive of the idea of a reconciliation with the former rebel <a href="/wiki/Hugh_O%27Neill,_Earl_of_Tyrone" title="Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone">Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone</a>, who had fled into exile during the <a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a>. Because of this Tyrone and his entourage mourned when the Prince met his early death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCavitt2005203_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCavitt2005203-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1611, King James gave <a href="/wiki/Woodstock_Palace" title="Woodstock Palace">Woodstock Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a> to Prince Henry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900207_no._324_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900207_no._324-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry had a banqueting house built of leafy tree branches in the park, in which he held a dinner for his parents and his sister <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia">Princess Elizabeth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> David Murray paid 110 shillings for transporting musical instruments from London to Woodstock for the event.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriage_negotiations">Marriage negotiations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Marriage negotiations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In between 1610 and 1612, potential brides from across Europe were considered for Henry. In particular, <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_II_de%27_Medici" title="Cosimo II de' Medici">Cosimo II de' Medici</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Medici" title="House of Medici">House of Medici</a>, and the ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, hoped to arrange a royal marriage between Henry and his sister, <a href="/wiki/Caterina_de%27_Medici,_Governor_of_Siena" title="Caterina de' Medici, Governor of Siena">Caterina de' Medici</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To this end, Cosimo II sent fifteen small bronze statutes, including one of a trotting horse, as well as <a href="/wiki/Giambologna" title="Giambologna">Giambologna</a>, a famous sculptor, to the English court in 1611.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Henry unexpectedly died in 1612, before the marriage negotiations could be finalized. Caterina instead married <a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Gonzaga,_Duke_of_Mantua" title="Ferdinando Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua">Ferdinando Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat</a> in 1617.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParrott199737_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParrott199737-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1612, the <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_La_Tour_d%27Auvergne,_Duke_of_Bouillon" title="Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon">Duke of Bouillon</a> came to London as the ambassador of <a href="/wiki/Marie_de%27_Medici" title="Marie de' Medici">Marie de' Medici</a>, dowager queen of France, and cousin to <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_II_de%27_Medici" title="Cosimo II de' Medici">Cosimo II de' Medici</a> through their paternal grandfather, <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_I_de%27_Medici" title="Cosimo I de' Medici">Cosimo I de' Medici</a>. According to the Venetian ambassador, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Foscarini" title="Antonio Foscarini">Antonio Foscarini</a>, his instructions included a proposal of marriage between <a href="/wiki/Christine_of_France" title="Christine of France">Christine of France</a>, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">King Henry IV of France</a> and sister of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIII of France">King Louis XIII of France</a>, and Henry, the Prince of Wales. <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a>, the queen consort and Henry's mother, told one of the Duke's senior companions that she would prefer Henry married a French princess without a dowry than a Florentine princess (<a href="/wiki/Caterina_de%27_Medici,_Governor_of_Siena" title="Caterina de' Medici, Governor of Siena">Caterina de' Medici</a>) with any amount of gold.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With Henry Frederick's death in 1612, <a href="/wiki/Christine_of_France" title="Christine of France">Christine of France</a> instead married <a href="/wiki/Victor_Amadeus_I,_Duke_of_Savoy" title="Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy">Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy</a> on 10 February 1619 at the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParrott199736_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParrott199736-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles, Duke of York</a>, who became the heir apparent to the throne of England and Scotland on his brother's death, fulfilled their mother's wishes by wedding <a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Maria_of_France" title="Henrietta Maria of France">Henrietta Maria of France</a> in 1625.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I of England</a></div> <p>Henry died from <a href="/wiki/Typhoid_fever" title="Typhoid fever">typhoid fever</a> at the age of 18 on 6 November 1612, during the celebrations that led up to the <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Princess_Elizabeth_and_Frederick_V_of_the_Palatinate" title="Wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Frederick V of the Palatinate">wedding of his sister Elizabeth</a>. (The diagnosis can be made with reasonable certainty from written records of the post-mortem examination, which was ordered to be carried out in order to dispel rumours of poisoning.)<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother, Anne of Denmark, had sent requests to <a href="/wiki/Walter_Raleigh" title="Walter Raleigh">Walter Raleigh</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a> for his special "great cordial", which failed to effect a cure.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was reported that his last words were to ask for his sister Princess Elizabeth,<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was discouraged from visiting him by their parents' order for fear of contagion.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Henry's death, his brother Charles fell ill but was the chief mourner at the funeral, which King James (who detested funerals) refused to attend.<sup id="cite_ref-ccci_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccci-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The body lay in state at <a href="/wiki/St._James%27s_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="St. James's Palace">St. James's Palace</a> for four weeks. On 7 December, over a thousand people walked in the mile-long cortège to <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>. On top of the coffin there was a wooden effigy of the prince made by Richard Norris, with lifelike features modelled in wax by <a href="/wiki/Abraham_van_der_Doort" title="Abraham van der Doort">Abraham van der Doort</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> clothed in robes of crimson velvet edged with fur.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Archbishop of Canterbury, <a href="/wiki/George_Abbot_(bishop)" title="George Abbot (bishop)">George Abbot</a>, gave a two-hour sermon. As Henry's body was lowered into the ground, his chief servants broke their staves of office at the grave.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prince Henry's death was widely regarded as a tragedy for the nation. According to Charles Carlton, "Few heirs to the English throne have been as widely and deeply mourned as Prince Henry."<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry's titles of Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay passed to Charles, who until then had lived in Henry's shadow. Four years later, Charles, then 16 years old, was created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature_and_music_occasioned_by_the_prince's_death"><span id="Literature_and_music_occasioned_by_the_prince.27s_death"></span>Literature and music occasioned by the prince's death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Literature and music occasioned by the prince's death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sermons">Sermons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sermons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PrinceHenry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PrinceHenry.jpg/220px-PrinceHenry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PrinceHenry.jpg/330px-PrinceHenry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PrinceHenry.jpg/440px-PrinceHenry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Portrait aged 13 or 14. He stands on a shield bearing his <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers" title="Prince of Wales's feathers">Prince of Wales's feathers</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Henry's chaplain, Daniel Price, delivered a series of sermons about the young man's death. (Price borrowed from <a href="/wiki/John_Donne" title="John Donne">John Donne</a>'s unrelated <i>The first Anniversary</i>, published in 1611, and <i>The second Anniversary</i>, published in 1612, for some of his language and ideas.):<sup id="cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ajsjdch-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Lamentations for the death of the late illustrious Prince Henry [...] Two Sermons</i> (1613; see <a href="/wiki/1613_in_literature" title="1613 in literature">1613 in literature</a>): "Oh, why is there not a generall thaw throughout all mankinde? why in this debashed Ayre doe not all things expire, seeing Time looks upon us with watry eues, disheveld lockes, and heavie dismall lookes; now that the Sunne is gone out of our Firmament, the ioy, the beautie, the glory of Israel is departed?"<sup id="cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ajsjdch-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Spirituall Odours to the Memory of Prince Henry. In Four of the Last Sermons Preached in St James after his Highnesse Death</i> (Oxford, 1613; see <a href="/wiki/1613_in_literature" title="1613 in literature">1613 in literature</a>) From "Meditations of Consolation in our Lamentations": "[...] his body was so faire and strong that a soule might have been pleased to live an age in it [...] vertue and valor, beauty and chastity, armes and arts, met and kist in him, and his goodnesse lent so much mintage to other Princes, that if Xenophon were now to describe a Prince, Prince HENRY had been his Patterne. [...] He hath gon his Passover from death to life, where there is more grace and more capacity [...] where earthly bodies shalbe more celestiall, then man in his Innocency or Angels in their glory, for they could fall: Hee is there with those Patriarchs that have expected Christ on earth, longer than they have enjoyed him in heaven; He is with those holy Penmen of the holy spirit, they bee now his paterns, who were here his teachers [...]"<sup id="cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ajsjdch-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Teares Shed over Abner. The Sermon Preached on the Sunday before the Prince his funerall in St James Chappell before the body</i> (Oxford, (1613; see <a href="/wiki/1613_in_literature" title="1613 in literature">1613 in literature</a>): "He, He is dead, who while he lived, was a perpetuall Paradise, every season that he shewd himselfe in a perpetuall spring, eavery exercise wherein he was scene a special felicity: He, He is dead before us [...] He, He is dead; that blessed Model of heaven his face is covered till the latter day, whose shining lamps his eyes in whose light there was life to the beholders, they bee ecclipsed until the sunne give over shining. [...] He, He is dead, and now yee see this [...]"<sup id="cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ajsjdch-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prose_memorials">Prose memorials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Prose memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Geldorp_(Attr.)_-_Portrait_of_Henry,_Prince_of_Wales_(1594%E2%80%931612).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/George_Geldorp_%28Attr.%29_-_Portrait_of_Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_%281594%E2%80%931612%29.jpg/220px-George_Geldorp_%28Attr.%29_-_Portrait_of_Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_%281594%E2%80%931612%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/George_Geldorp_%28Attr.%29_-_Portrait_of_Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_%281594%E2%80%931612%29.jpg/330px-George_Geldorp_%28Attr.%29_-_Portrait_of_Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_%281594%E2%80%931612%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/George_Geldorp_%28Attr.%29_-_Portrait_of_Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_%281594%E2%80%931612%29.jpg/440px-George_Geldorp_%28Attr.%29_-_Portrait_of_Henry%2C_Prince_of_Wales_%281594%E2%80%931612%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="944" /></a><figcaption>Posthumous portrait by <a href="/wiki/George_Geldorp" title="George Geldorp">George Geldorp</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Price also wrote two prose "Anniversaries" on the death: </p> <ul><li><i>Prince Henry His First Anniversary</i> (Oxford, 1613; see <a href="/wiki/1613_in_literature" title="1613 in literature">1613 in literature</a>): "in HIM, a glimmering light of the Golden times appeare, all lines of expectation met in this Center, all spirits of vertue, scattered into others were extracted into him [...]"<sup id="cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ajsjdch-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Another "Anniversary", published in 1614<sup id="cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ajsjdch-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verses">Verses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Verses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within a few months of the prince's death, at least 32 poets had versified on it. In addition to those listed below, the writers included <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Raleigh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Raleigh">Sir Walter Raleigh</a> (a friend), <a href="/wiki/John_Donne" title="John Donne">John Donne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Herbert,_1st_Baron_Herbert_of_Cherbury" title="Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury">Edward Herbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Heywood" title="Thomas Heywood">Thomas Heywood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_King_(poet)" title="Henry King (poet)">Henry King</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ccci_66-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccci-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These poems were published in 1612 (see <a href="/wiki/1612_in_poetry" title="1612 in poetry">1612 in poetry</a>): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander,_1st_Earl_of_Stirling" title="William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling">Sir William Alexander</a>, <i>An Elegie on the Death of Prince Henrie</i><sup id="cite_ref-cocel_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Sylvester" class="mw-redirect" title="Joshua Sylvester">Joshua Sylvester</a>, <i>Lachrimae Lachrimarum; or, The Distillation of Teares Shede for the Untimely Death of the Incomparable Prince Panaretus</i>, also includes poems in English, French, Latin and Italian by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Quin" title="Walter Quin">Walter Quin</a><sup id="cite_ref-cocel_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wither" title="George Wither">George Wither</a>, <i>Prince Henries Obsequies; or, Mournefull Elegies Upon his Death</i><sup id="cite_ref-cocel_99-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>These poems and songs were published in 1613 (see <a href="/wiki/1613_in_poetry" title="1613 in poetry">1613 in poetry</a>): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Campion" title="Thomas Campion">Thomas Campion</a>, <i>Songs of Mourning: Bewailing the Untimely Death of Prince Henry</i>, verse and music; music by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Coperario" class="mw-redirect" title="Giovanni Coperario">Giovanni Coperario</a> (or "Copario"), said to have been John Cooper, an Englishman<sup id="cite_ref-cocel_99-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Chapman" title="George Chapman">George Chapman</a>, <i>An Epicede or Funerall Song, On the Most Disastrous Death, of the Highborne Prince of Men, Henry Prince of Wales, &c.</i>, the work states "1612" but was published in 1613<sup id="cite_ref-cocel_99-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davies_of_Hereford" title="John Davies of Hereford">John Davies</a>, <i>The Muses-Teares for the Losse of their Hope</i><sup id="cite_ref-cocel_99-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Drummond_of_Hawthornden" title="William Drummond of Hawthornden">William Drummond of Hawthornden</a>, <i>Tears on the Death of Moeliades</i><sup id="cite_ref-cocel_99-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Oxley" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Oxley">Mary Oxley</a>, or Oxlie, a Scottish poet living in <a href="/wiki/Morpeth,_Northumberland" title="Morpeth, Northumberland">Morpeth</a>, wrote a response to William Drummond of Hawthornden's <i>Moeliades</i>, which was published in 1656.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to the above verse-setting by Coperario, both <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tomkins" title="Thomas Tomkins">Thomas Tomkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Weelkes" title="Thomas Weelkes">Thomas Weelkes</a> composed settings of "When David heard", a Biblical passage in which King <a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a> laments the loss of his son <a href="/wiki/Absalom" title="Absalom">Absalom</a> in battle; it is thought that both settings were directly inspired by the death of the prince.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a> refers to a mourning song in memory of Prince Henry by <a href="/wiki/John_Ward_(composer)" title="John Ward (composer)">John Ward</a> remaining unpublished during the composer's lifetime;<sup id="cite_ref-odnb_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-odnb-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, a "newly composed" song on the same subject was included in his <i>First Set</i> of Madrigals (1613).<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours_and_arms">Honours and arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Honours and arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Stuart_Princes_of_Wales_(1610-1688).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Stuart_Princes_of_Wales_%281610-1688%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Stuart_Princes_of_Wales_%281610-1688%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Stuart_Princes_of_Wales_%281610-1688%29.svg/300px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Stuart_Princes_of_Wales_%281610-1688%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Stuart_Princes_of_Wales_%281610-1688%29.svg/400px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Stuart_Princes_of_Wales_%281610-1688%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honours">Honours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>KG</b>: <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">Knight of the Garter</a>, <i>14 June 1603</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arms">Arms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Henry Frederick as <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Prince_of_Wales" title="Coat of arms of the Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> bore the arms of the kingdom, <a href="/wiki/Difference_(heraldry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Difference (heraldry)">differenced</a> by a <i>label of three points argent</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestry">Ancestry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886387087">.mw-parser-output table.ahnentafel{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel tr{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-t{border-top:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-b{border-bottom:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}</style><div class="noresize"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin:0.3em auto;clear:none;min-width:60em;width:auto;font-size:88%;border:1px solid #aaa"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none;color:inherit;width:auto">Ancestors of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><table class="ahnentafel" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">8. <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Stewart,_4th_Earl_of_Lennox" title="Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox">Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">4. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Lord_Darnley" title="Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley">Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">9. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Douglas" title="Margaret Douglas">Margaret Douglas</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">2. <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI of Scotland and I of England</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">10. <a href="/wiki/James_V_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="James V of Scotland">James V of Scotland</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">5. <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">11. <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guise" title="Mary of Guise">Mary of Guise</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fcc;">1. <b>Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">12. <a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III of Denmark</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">6. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II of Denmark</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">13. <a href="/wiki/Dorothea_of_Saxe-Lauenburg" title="Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg">Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">3. <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">14. <a href="/wiki/Ulrich,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg" title="Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg">Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">7. <a href="/wiki/Sophie_of_Mecklenburg-G%C3%BCstrow" title="Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow">Sophie of Mecklenburg</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">15. <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Denmark,_Duchess_of_Mecklenburg" title="Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg">Elizabeth of Denmark</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECunningham1971xvii–xviii-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECunningham1971xvii–xviii_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCunningham1971">Cunningham 1971</a>, pp. xvii–xviii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration 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<a href="#CITEREFAshbee1991">Ashbee 1991</a>, pp. 12, 36, 211.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900178_no._266-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900178_no._266_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown1900">Brown 1900</a>, p. 178 no. 266.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frederick Devon, <i>Issues of the Exchequer of the Reign of James I</i>, (London, 1836), pp. 17, 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown190074_no._104-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown190074_no._104_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown1900">Brown 1900</a>, p. 74 no. 104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frederick Devon, <i>Issues of the Exchequer</i> (London, 1836), 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marcia Vale, <i>The Gentleman's Recreations: Accomplishments and pastimes of the English Gentleman, 1580–1630</i> (Cambridge, 1977), p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ambassadesdemde00unkngoog/page/n275/mode/2up"><i>Ambassades de M. de La Boderie en Angleterre</i>, vol. 1 (Paris, 1750), p. 225</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Thurley" title="Simon Thurley">Simon Thurley</a>, <i>Palaces of the Revolution, Life, Death & Art at the Stuart Court</i> (William Collins, 2021), p. 72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nadine Akkerman, <i>Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia: 1603–1631</i>, vol. 1 (Oxford, 2015), p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrong198664-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrong198664_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStrong1986">Strong 1986</a>, p. 64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Brenchley Rye, <i>England as Seen by Foreigners in the Days of Elizabeth & James the First</i> (London, 1865), pp. 59, 62.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrong198614–15-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrong198614–15_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrong198614–15_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStrong1986">Strong 1986</a>, pp. 14–15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leila Parsons, 'Prince Henry as a Patron of Literature', <i>Modern Literature Review</i>, 47:4 (October 1952), 504.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900194_no._301-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900194_no._301_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown1900">Brown 1900</a>, p. 194 no. 301.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBray179693-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBray179693_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBray1796">Bray 1796</a>, p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. S. Giuseppi, <i>HMC Salisbury Hatfield</i> (London, 1933), p. 402.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aysha Pollnitz, 'Humanism and Education', Timothy Wilks, <i>Prince Henry Revived</i> (Paul Holberton, 2007), 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aysha Pollnitz, 'Humanism and Education', Timothy Wilks, <i>Prince Henry Revived</i> (Paul Holberton, 2007), 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leila Parsons, 'Prince Henry as a Patron of Literature', <i>Modern Literature Review</i>, 47:4 (October 1952), 503–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aysha Pollnitz, 'Humanism and Education', Timothy Wilks, <i>Prince Henry Revived</i> (Paul Holberton, 2007), 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heather Wolfe, 'Manuscripts in Early Modern England', <i>A Concise Companion to English Renaissance Literature</i> (Blackwell, 2006).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aysha Pollnitz, 'Humanism and Education', Timothy Wilks, <i>Prince Henry Revived</i> (Paul Holberton, 2007), 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ccci-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ccci_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccci_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccci_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccci_66-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ccci_66-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlton1995" class="citation book cs1">Carlton, Charles (1995). <i>Charles I: The Personal Monarch</i> (2nd ed.). Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-4151-2565-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-4151-2565-9"><bdi>978-0-4151-2565-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+I%3A+The+Personal+Monarch&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-4151-2565-9&rft.aulast=Carlton&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pemsac-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pemsac_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pemsac_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCullough1998" class="citation book cs1">McCullough, Peter E. (1998). <i>Sermons at Court: Politics and Religion in Elizabethan and Jacobean Preaching</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-5215-9046-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-5215-9046-4"><bdi>978-0-5215-9046-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sermons+at+Court%3A+Politics+and+Religion+in+Elizabethan+and+Jacobean+Preaching&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-5215-9046-4&rft.aulast=McCullough&rft.aufirst=Peter+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford DNB<sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (February 2024)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBergeron2022" class="citation book cs1">Bergeron, David M. (2022). <i>The Duke of Lennox, 1574–1624: A Jacobean Courtier's Life</i>. Edinburgh. p. 82.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Duke+of+Lennox%2C+1574%E2%80%931624%3A+A+Jacobean+Courtier%27s+Life&rft.pages=82&rft.pub=Edinburgh&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Bergeron&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1905" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Brown" title="Horatio Brown">Brown, Horatio F.</a>, ed. (1905). <i>Calendar of State Papers Relating To English Affairs in the Archives of Venice</i>. Vol. 12, 1610–1613. London. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/venice/vol12/pp140-148">140-148</a> – via British History Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Calendar+of+State+Papers+Relating+To+English+Affairs+in+the+Archives+of+Venice&rft.pages=140-148&rft.pub=London&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clare Jackson, <i>Devil-Land: England under Siege, 1588–1688</i> (Penguin, 2022), p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNichols1828" class="citation book cs1">Nichols, John (1828). <i>Progresses, Processions, and Magnificent Festivities, of King James the First</i>. Vol. 2. London. p. 351.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Progresses%2C+Processions%2C+and+Magnificent+Festivities%2C+of+King+James+the+First&rft.pages=351&rft.pub=London&rft.date=1828&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn-Hensley201799-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn-Hensley201799_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn-Hensley2017">Dunn-Hensley 2017</a>, p. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenricus_Historical_Park" class="citation web cs1">Henricus Historical Park. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141025210416/http://www.henricus.org/history/1611-settlement.asp">"1611 Settlement"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.henricus.org/history/1611-settlement.asp">the original</a> on 25 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1611+Settlement&rft.au=Henricus+Historical+Park&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.henricus.org%2Fhistory%2F1611-settlement.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Park_Service2016" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> (16 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nps.gov/came/cape-henry-memorial-cross.htm">"Cape Henry Memorial Cross"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cape+Henry+Memorial+Cross&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft.au=National+Park+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fcame%2Fcape-henry-memorial-cross.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButler2008" class="citation book cs1">Butler, Martin (2008). <i>The Stuart Court Masque and Political Culture</i>. Cambridge. p. 175.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Stuart+Court+Masque+and+Political+Culture&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=Cambridge&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCavitt2005" class="citation book cs1">McCavitt, John (2005) [2002]. <i>The Flight of the Earls</i>. Gill & MacMillan. pp. 136–137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7171-3936-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7171-3936-1"><bdi>978-0-7171-3936-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL39495855M">39495855M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Flight+of+the+Earls&rft.pages=136-137&rft.pub=Gill+%26+MacMillan&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL39495855M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-0-7171-3936-1&rft.aulast=McCavitt&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCavitt2005203-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCavitt2005203_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCavitt2005">McCavitt 2005</a>, p. 203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1900207_no._324-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown1900207_no._324_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown1900">Brown 1900</a>, p. 207 no. 324.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenLomas1909" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Everett_Green" title="Mary Anne Everett Green">Green, Mary Anne Everett</a>; Lomas, Sophia Crawford (1909). <i>Elizabeth, Electress Palatine and Queen of Bohemia</i>. London. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7040880M">7040880M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth%2C+Electress+Palatine+and+Queen+of+Bohemia&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=London&rft.date=1909&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7040880M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Mary+Anne+Everett&rft.au=Lomas%2C+Sophia+Crawford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshbee1991" class="citation book cs1">Ashbee, Andrew (1991). <i>Records of English Court Music, 1603–1625</i>. Vol. 4. Routledge. p. 215. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-0001-5220-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-0001-5220-3"><bdi>978-1-0001-5220-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL44011908M">44011908M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Records+of+English+Court+Music%2C+1603%E2%80%931625&rft.pages=215&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL44011908M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-1-0001-5220-3&rft.aulast=Ashbee&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clare Jackson, <i>Devil-Land: England under Siege, 1588–1688</i> (Penguin, 2022), p. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rct.uk/collection/people/prince-henry-frederick-prince-of-wales-1594-1612#/type/subject">"Prince Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales (1594-1612)"</a>. <i>Royal Collection Trust</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Collection+Trust&rft.atitle=Prince+Henry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales+%281594-1612%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rct.uk%2Fcollection%2Fpeople%2Fprince-henry-frederick-prince-of-wales-1594-1612%23%2Ftype%2Fsubject&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rct.uk/collection/35467/trottingnbsphorse">"Pietro Tacca (1577-1640): Trotting horse 1600"</a>. <i>Royal Collection Trust</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Collection+Trust&rft.atitle=Pietro+Tacca+%281577-1640%29%3A+Trotting+horse+1600&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rct.uk%2Fcollection%2F35467%2Ftrottingnbsphorse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEParrott199737-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParrott199737_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFParrott1997">Parrott 1997</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/venice/vol12/pp358-366">"Venice: May 1612, 16-31 | British History Online"</a>. <i>www.british-history.ac.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.british-history.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Venice%3A+May+1612%2C+16-31+%26%23124%3B+British+History+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fcal-state-papers%2Fvenice%2Fvol12%2Fpp358-366&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clare Jackson, <i>Devil-Land: England Under Siege, 1588–1688</i> (Penguin, 2022), p. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEParrott199736-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParrott199736_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFParrott1997">Parrott 1997</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregg1981">Gregg 1981</a>, p. 114; <a href="#CITEREFHibbert1968">Hibbert 1968</a>, p. 86; <a href="#CITEREFWeir1996">Weir 1996</a>, p. 252.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_L._MartensenJames_a_Knight_Chair_in_Humanities_and_Ethics_in_Medicine_and_Professor_of_Surgery_Robert_L_Martensen2004" class="citation book cs1">Robert L. Martensen; James a Knight Chair in Humanities and Ethics in Medicine and Professor of Surgery Robert L Martensen (2004). <i>The Brain Takes Shape: An Early History</i>. Oxford University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5g0TDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA102">102</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-1951-5172-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-1951-5172-5"><bdi>978-0-1951-5172-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7390038M">7390038M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brain+Takes+Shape%3A+An+Early+History&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7390038M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-0-1951-5172-5&rft.au=Robert+L.+Martensen&rft.au=James+a+Knight+Chair+in+Humanities+and+Ethics+in+Medicine+and+Professor+of+Surgery+Robert+L+Martensen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olivia Bland, <i>The Royal Way of Death</i> (London: Constable, 1986), p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elizabeth McClure Thomson, <i>The Chamberlain Letters</i> (London, 1966), p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olivia Bland, <i>The Royal Way of Death</i> (London: Constable, 1986), p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elizabeth Goldring, 'Sorrowe so well expressed', Timothy Wilks, <i>Prince Henry Revived</i> (Paul Holberton, 2007), 283–284.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregory McNamara, 'Prince Henry's Funeral', Timothy Wilks, <i>Prince Henry Revived</i> (Paul Holberton, 2007), 275.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Norman E. McClure, ed. <i>The Letters of John Chamberlain</i>, vol. 1 (Philadelphia, PA: 1939), 391–392.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlton1995" class="citation book cs1">Carlton, Charles (1995). <i>Charles I, the Personal Monarch</i>. Psychology Press. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-4151-2141-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-4151-2141-5"><bdi>978-0-4151-2141-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL1275422M">1275422M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+I%2C+the+Personal+Monarch&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL1275422M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-0-4151-2141-5&rft.aulast=Carlton&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ajsjdch-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ajsjdch_98-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1995" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Albert James, ed. (1995). <i>John Donne: The Critical Heritage</i>. Routledge. p. 37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-4151-3412-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-4151-3412-5"><bdi>978-0-4151-3412-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7483735M">7483735M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Donne%3A+The+Critical+Heritage&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7483735M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-0-4151-3412-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cocel-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cocel_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cocel_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cocel_99-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cocel_99-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cocel_99-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cocel_99-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cocel_99-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cox, Michael, editor, <i>The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature</i>, Oxford University Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-1986-0634-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-1986-0634-6">0-1986-0634-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Germaine_Greer" title="Germaine Greer">Germaine Greer</a>, <i>101 Poems by 101 Women</i> (London: Faber & Faber, 2001), pp. 21–22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Graham_Ross_(conductor/composer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Ross (conductor/composer)">Graham Ross</a>, notes to <a href="/wiki/Harmonia_Mundi" title="Harmonia Mundi">Harmonia Mundi</a> recording <i>Remembrance</i>, HMU907654 (2016).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-odnb-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-odnb_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/28689">Ward, John (bap. 1590, d. 1638)</a>", Ian Payne in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, See online ed., ed. <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Goldman" title="Lawrence Goldman">Lawrence Goldman</a>, Oxford: OUP (subscription or UK public library membership required). Accessed 14 November 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ward,_John_(fl.1613)_(DNB00)" class="extiw" title="s:Ward, John (fl.1613) (DNB00)">s:Ward, John (fl.1613) (DNB00)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldica.org/topics/britain/cadency.htm">Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirch1760" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Birch" title="Thomas Birch">Birch, Thomas</a> (1760). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofhenryprinc00birc"><i>Life of Henry Prince of Wales</i></a>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Life+of+Henry+Prince+of+Wales&rft.place=London&rft.date=1760&rft.aulast=Birch&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifeofhenryprinc00birc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornwallis1738" class="citation book cs1">Cornwallis, Charles (1738). <i>Life and Character of Henry-Frederic, Prince of Wales</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Life+and+Character+of+Henry-Frederic%2C+Prince+of+Wales&rft.place=London&rft.date=1738&rft.aulast=Cornwallis&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser2017" class="citation book cs1">Fraser, Sarah (2017). <i>The Prince Who Would Be King: The Life and Death of Henry Stuart</i>. London: William Collins.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Prince+Who+Would+Be+King%3A+The+Life+and+Death+of+Henry+Stuart&rft.place=London&rft.pub=William+Collins&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregg1981" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Gregg" title="Pauline Gregg">Gregg, Pauline</a> (1981), <i>King Charles I</i>, London: Dent, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-4600-4437-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-4600-4437-0"><bdi>0-4600-4437-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+Charles+I&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Dent&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-4600-4437-0&rft.aulast=Gregg&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHibbert1968" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hibbert" title="Christopher Hibbert">Hibbert, Christopher</a> (1968), <i>Charles I</i>, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+I&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Hibbert&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrott1997" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Parrott, David (1997). "The Mantuan Succession, 1627–31: A Sovereignty Dispute in Early Modern Europe". <i>The English Historical Review</i>. CXII, Issue 445, February (445). Oxford Academic: 20–65. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fehr%2FCXII.445.20">10.1093/ehr/CXII.445.20</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+English+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=The+Mantuan+Succession%2C+1627%E2%80%9331%3A+A+Sovereignty+Dispute+in+Early+Modern+Europe&rft.volume=CXII%2C+Issue+445%2C+February&rft.issue=445&rft.pages=20-65&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fehr%2FCXII.445.20&rft.aulast=Parrott&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlowden2001" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Alison_Plowden" title="Alison Plowden">Plowden, Alison</a> (2001), <i>Henrietta Maria: Charles I's Indomitable Queen</i>, Sutton Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-75091-882-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-75091-882-4"><bdi>978-0-75091-882-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henrietta+Maria%3A+Charles+I%27s+Indomitable+Queen&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-75091-882-4&rft.aulast=Plowden&rft.aufirst=Alison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrong1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Strong" title="Roy Strong">Strong, Roy</a> (1986). <i>Henry, Prince of Wales and England's Lost Renaissance</i>. London: Thames & Hudson.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henry%2C+Prince+of+Wales+and+England%27s+Lost+Renaissance&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Strong&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimothy_Wilks2007" class="citation book cs1">Timothy Wilks, ed. (2007). <i>Prince Henry Revived: Image and Exemplarity in Early Modern England</i>. Southampton Solent University: Paul Holberton Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prince+Henry+Revived%3A+Image+and+Exemplarity+in+Early+Modern+England&rft.place=Southampton+Solent+University&rft.pub=Paul+Holberton+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeir1996" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Alison_Weir" title="Alison Weir">Weir, Alison</a> (1996), <i>Britain's Royal Families: A Complete Genealogy</i> (Revised ed.), London: Pimlico, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-7448-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-7448-5"><bdi>978-0-7126-7448-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britain%27s+Royal+Families%3A+A+Complete+Genealogy&rft.place=London&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-7126-7448-5&rft.aulast=Weir&rft.aufirst=Alison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamson1978" class="citation book cs1">Williamson, J. W. (1978). <i>The Myth of the Conqueror: Prince Henry Stuart, a Study in 17th Century Personation</i>. New York: AMS Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Myth+of+the+Conqueror%3A+Prince+Henry+Stuart%2C+a+Study+in+17th+Century+Personation&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=AMS+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=J.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Frederick%2C+Prince+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Henry_Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales">Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rct.uk/collection/people/prince-henry-frederick-prince-of-wales-1594-1612#/type/subject">Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</a> at the official website of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Collection Trust">Royal Collection Trust</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp02146">Portraits of Henry, Prince of Wales</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82631#P1816" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dps.gla.ac.uk/delitiae/display/?pid=d2_MelA_010&aid=MelA">A poem by Andrew Melville on the birth of Prince Henry, 'Principis Scoto-Britannorum natalia' (1594), Bridging the Continental Divide, University of Glasgow</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">House of Stuart</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 19 February 1594</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 6 November 1612</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #65BCFF"><a href="/wiki/British_monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarchy">British royalty</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward VI of England">Edward Tudor</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> </b><br />1610–1612 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="3">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles Stuart</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Cornwall" title="Duke of Cornwall">Duke of Cornwall</a> </b><br />1603–1612 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James Stuart</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Rothesay" title="Duke of Rothesay">Duke of Rothesay</a> </b><br />1594–1612 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Princes_of_Wales" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Princes_of_Wales" title="Template:Princes of Wales"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Princes_of_Wales" title="Template talk:Princes of Wales"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Princes_of_Wales" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Princes of Wales"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Princes_of_Wales" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Princes of Wales</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_II_of_England" title="Edward II of England">Edward of Caernarfon</a> <i>(1301–1307)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Black_Prince" title="Edward the Black Prince">Edward the Black Prince</a> <i>(1343–1376)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_of_England" title="Richard II of England">Richard of Bordeaux</a> <i>(1376–1377)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_of_England" title="Henry V of England">Henry of Monmouth</a> <i>(1399–1413)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_of_Westminster,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales">Edward of Westminster</a> <i>(1454–1471)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_V" title="Edward V">Edward</a> <i>(1471–1483)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_of_Middleham,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales">Edward of Middleham</a> <i>(1483–1484)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Arthur, Prince of Wales">Arthur</a> <i>(1489–1502)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry</a> <i>(1504–1509)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward</a> <i>(1537–1547)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Frederick</a> <i>(1610–1612)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles</a> <i>(1616–1625)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles</a> <i>(1641–1649)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">James</a> <i>(1688)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Great_Britain" title="George II of Great Britain">George</a> <i>(1714–1727)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Frederick, Prince of Wales">Frederick</a> <i>(1728–1751)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George</a> <i>(1751–1760)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">George</a> <i>(1762–1820)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Albert Edward</a> <i>(1841–1901)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George</a> <i>(1901–1910)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward</a> <i>(1910–1936)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles</a> <i>(1958–2022)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">William</a> <i>(2022–present)</i></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers" title="Prince of Wales's feathers"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/75px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/113px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/150px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>See also</i>: <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Wales" title="Principality of Wales">Principality of Wales</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dukes_of_Cornwall" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dukes_of_Cornwall" title="Template:Dukes of Cornwall"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dukes_of_Cornwall" title="Template talk:Dukes of Cornwall"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes_of_Cornwall" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes of Cornwall"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dukes_of_Cornwall" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Cornwall" title="Duke of Cornwall">Dukes of Cornwall</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Black_Prince" title="Edward the Black Prince">Edward</a> <i>(1337–1376)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_of_England" title="Richard II of England">Richard</a> <i>(1376–1377)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_of_England" title="Henry V of England">Henry</a> <i>(1399–1413)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry</a> <i>(1421–1422)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_of_Westminster,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales">Edward</a> <i>(1453–1471)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_York,_3rd_Duke_of_York" title="Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York">Richard</a> <i>(1460; disputed)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_V" title="Edward V">Edward</a> <i>(1470–1483)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_of_Middleham,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales">Edward</a> <i>(1483–1484)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Arthur, Prince of Wales">Arthur</a> <i>(1486–1502)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry</a> <i>(1502–1509)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry,_Duke_of_Cornwall" title="Henry, Duke of Cornwall">Henry</a> <i>(1511)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward</a> <i>(1537–1547)</i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Frederick</a> <i>(1603–1612)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles</a> <i>(1612–1625)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles</a> <i>(1630–1649)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">James</a> <i>(1688–1701/2)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Great_Britain" title="George II of Great Britain">George</a> <i>(1714–1727)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Frederick, Prince of Wales">Frederick</a> <i>(1727–1751)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">George</a> <i>(1762–1820)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Albert Edward</a> <i>(1841–1901)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George</a> <i>(1901–1910)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward</a> <i>(1910–1936)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles</a> <i>(1952–2022)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">William</a> <i>(2022–present)</i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Arms_of_the_Duchy_of_Cornwall_%28Variant_1%29.svg/75px-Arms_of_the_Duchy_of_Cornwall_%28Variant_1%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Arms_of_the_Duchy_of_Cornwall_%28Variant_1%29.svg/113px-Arms_of_the_Duchy_of_Cornwall_%28Variant_1%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Arms_of_the_Duchy_of_Cornwall_%28Variant_1%29.svg/150px-Arms_of_the_Duchy_of_Cornwall_%28Variant_1%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="478" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cornwall" title="Portal:Cornwall">Cornwall Portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dukes_of_Rothesay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dukes_of_Rothesay" title="Template:Dukes of Rothesay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dukes_of_Rothesay" title="Template talk:Dukes of Rothesay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes_of_Rothesay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes of Rothesay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dukes_of_Rothesay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Rothesay" title="Duke of Rothesay">Dukes of Rothesay</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Stewart,_Duke_of_Rothesay" title="David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay">David</a> <i>(1398–1402)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Scotland" title="James I of Scotland">James</a> <i>(1402–1406)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stewart,_Duke_of_Rothesay" title="Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay">Alexander</a> <i>(1430)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_II_of_Scotland" title="James II of Scotland">James</a> <i>(1430–1437)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_III_of_Scotland" title="James III of Scotland">James</a> <i>(1452–1460)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James</a> <i>(1473–1488)</i></li> <li>James <i>(1507–1508)</i></li> <li>Arthur <i>(1509–1510)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_V" title="James V">James</a> <i>(1512–1513)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_Duke_of_Rothesay_(born_1540)" title="James, Duke of Rothesay (born 1540)">James</a> <i>(1540–1541)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James</a> <i>(1566–1567)</i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Frederick</a> <i>(1594–1612)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles</a> <i>(1612–1625)</i></li> <li>Charles James <i>(1629)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles</a> <i>(1630–1649)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">James</a> <i>(1688–1689)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Great_Britain" title="George II of Great Britain">George</a> <i>(1714–1727)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Frederick, Prince of Wales">Frederick</a> <i>(1727–1751)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">George</a> <i>(1762–1820)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Albert Edward</a> <i>(1841–1901)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George</a> <i>(1901–1910)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward</a> <i>(1910–1936)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles</a> <i>(1952–2022)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">William</a> <i>(2022–present)</i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Inescutcheon_of_the_Duke_of_Rothesay.svg/75px-Inescutcheon_of_the_Duke_of_Rothesay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Inescutcheon_of_the_Duke_of_Rothesay.svg/113px-Inescutcheon_of_the_Duke_of_Rothesay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Inescutcheon_of_the_Duke_of_Rothesay.svg/150px-Inescutcheon_of_the_Duke_of_Rothesay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="475" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="House_of_Stewart" style="vertical-align:middle;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="House of Stuart/Stewart"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:House_of_Stewart_(Scotland)" title="Template:House of Stewart (Scotland)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:House_of_Stewart_(Scotland)" title="Template talk:House of Stewart (Scotland)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:House_of_Stewart_(Scotland)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:House of Stewart (Scotland)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="House_of_Stewart" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">House of Stewart</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Titles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Steward_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="High Steward of Scotland">High Steward of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Lennox" title="Earl of Lennox">Earl of Lennox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Lennox" title="Duke of Lennox">Duke of Lennox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Richmond" title="Duke of Richmond">Duke of Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Albany" title="Duke of Albany">Duke of Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="King of England">King of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Ireland">King of Ireland</a></li> <li>Lord of Sticks</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Aubigny" title="Duke of Aubigny">Duke of Aubigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Moray" title="Earl of Moray">Earl of Moray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquess_of_Bute" title="Marquess of Bute">Marquess of Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_March" title="Earl of March">Earl of March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Galloway" title="Earl of Galloway">Earl of Galloway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clan_Stewart_of_Appin" title="Clan Stewart of Appin">Stewart of Appin</a></li> <li>Stewart of Ballechin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Castle_Stewart" title="Earl Castle Stewart">Stewart of Castle Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_of_Balquhidder" title="Stewart of Balquhidder">Stewart of Balquhidder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_of_Darnley" title="Stewart of Darnley">Stewart of Darnley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal<br />Stewarts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="The_generations_indicate_descent_from_Robert_II_of_Scotland,_first_monarch_of_the_House_of_Stewart">The generations indicate descent from <a href="/wiki/Robert_II_of_Scotland" title="Robert II of Scotland">Robert II of Scotland</a>, first monarch of the House of Stewart</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_III_of_Scotland" title="Robert III of Scotland">Robert III of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Stewart,_Lord_of_Fife" title="Walter Stewart, Lord of Fife">Walter, Earl of Fife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stewart,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany">Robert, Duke of Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stewart,_Earl_of_Buchan" title="Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan">Alexander, Earl of Buchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_la_Hay" title="Thomas de la Hay">Elizabeth, Lady Erroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Douglas,_2nd_Earl_of_Douglas#Marriage_and_issue" title="James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas">Isabella, Countess of Douglas</a></li> <li>Jean, Lady Keith</li> <li>Katherine Logan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Islay,_Lord_of_the_Isles#Family" title="John of Islay, Lord of the Isles">Margaret, Lady of the Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dunbar,_Earl_of_Moray" title="John Dunbar, Earl of Moray">Marjorie, Countess of Moray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Stewart,_Earl_of_Strathearn" title="David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn">David, Earl of Strathearn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Stewart,_Earl_of_Atholl" title="Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl">Walter, Earl of Atholl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stewart,_Countess_of_Crawford" title="Elizabeth Stewart, Countess of Crawford">Elizabeth, Countess of Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Douglas_of_Nithsdale#Marriage" title="William Douglas of Nithsdale">Egidia, Lady Douglas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Stewart,_Duke_of_Rothesay" title="David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay">David, Duke of Rothesay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Scotland" title="James I of Scotland">James I of Scotland</a></li> <li>Robert</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Douglas#Marriage_and_issue" title="Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas">Margaret, Countess of Douglas</a></li> <li>Mary, Countess of Angus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Douglas,_1st_Lord_Dalkeith" title="James Douglas, 1st Lord Dalkeith">Elizabeth, Lady Dalkeith</a></li> <li>Egidia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Stewart,_Dauphine_of_France" title="Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France">Margaret, Dauphine of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Scotland,_Duchess_of_Brittany" title="Isabella of Scotland, Duchess of Brittany">Isabella, Duchess of Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Scotland" title="Eleanor of Scotland">Eleanor, Archduchess of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Stewart,_Countess_of_Morton" title="Joan Stewart, Countess of Morton">Joan, Countess of Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stewart,_Duke_of_Rothesay" title="Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay">Alexander, Duke of Rothesay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_II_of_Scotland" title="James II of Scotland">James II of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stewart,_Countess_of_Buchan" title="Mary Stewart, Countess of Buchan">Mary, Countess of Buchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annabella_of_Scotland" title="Annabella of Scotland">Annabella, Countess of Geneva and Huntly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stewart,_Countess_of_Arran" title="Mary Stewart, Countess of Arran">Mary, Countess of Arran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_III_of_Scotland" title="James III of Scotland">James III of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stewart,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany">Alexander, Duke of Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Stewart,_Earl_of_Moray" title="David Stewart, Earl of Moray">David, Earl of Moray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stewart,_Earl_of_Mar_(d._1479)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Stewart, Earl of Mar (d. 1479)">John, Earl of Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Stewart_(born_c._1455)" title="Margaret Stewart (born c. 1455)">Margaret</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart,_Duke_of_Ross" title="James Stewart, Duke of Ross">James, Duke of Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stewart,_Earl_of_Mar_(d._1503)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Stewart, Earl of Mar (d. 1503)">John, Earl of Mar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James,_Duke_of_Rothesay_(born_1507)" class="mw-redirect" title="James, Duke of Rothesay (born 1507)">James, Duke of Rothesay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Stewart,_Duke_of_Rothesay" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay">Arthur, Duke of Rothesay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_V_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="James V of Scotland">James V of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stewart,_Duke_of_Ross" title="Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross">Alexander, Duke of Ross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James,_Duke_of_Rothesay_(born_1540)" title="James, Duke of Rothesay (born 1540)">James, Duke of Rothesay</a></li> <li>Robert, Duke of Albany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI of Scotland and I of England</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia">Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Stuart_(1598%E2%80%931600)" title="Margaret Stuart (1598–1600)">Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stuart,_Duke_of_Kintyre_and_Lorne" title="Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne">Robert, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stuart_(1605%E2%80%931607)" title="Mary Stuart (1605–1607)">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophia of England">Sophia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Charles James, Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Princess_Royal_and_Princess_of_Orange" title="Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange">Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart_(daughter_of_Charles_I)" title="Elizabeth Stuart (daughter of Charles I)">Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Stuart_(1637%E2%80%931640)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Stuart (1637–1640)">Anne</a></li> <li>Katherine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester">Henry, Duke of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_of_England" title="Henrietta of England">Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stuart,_Duke_of_Cambridge_(1660%E2%80%931661)" title="Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (1660–1661)">Charles, Duke of Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_II_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary II of England">Mary II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stuart,_Duke_of_Cambridge" title="James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge">James, Duke of Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Anne, Queen of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stuart,_Duke_of_Kendal" title="Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal">Charles, Duke of Kendal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar,_Duke_of_Cambridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar, Duke of Cambridge">Edgar, Duke of Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">James Francis Edward, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_Maria_Stuart" title="Louisa Maria Stuart">Louisa Maria Theresa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Charles Edward "Bonnie Prince Charlie"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Benedict_Stuart" title="Henry Benedict Stuart">Henry, Cardinal York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Category:House_of_Stuart" title="Category:House of Stuart">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82631#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82631#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82631#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122117662">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/62930936">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/120906/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyrQ8HCPMyK7XFKmVRh73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134153855">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83212394">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Jindřich Frederik"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ntk20211115827&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p072556730">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/5084171">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9812831084105606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007445911505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14430099">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500260271">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/497752">RKD Artists</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd134153855.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/134153855">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/070697035">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a 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