The 'Glass Floor' Is Keeping America's Richest Idiots At The Top

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/the-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610","20191022015637","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1571709397"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>The 'Glass Floor' Is Keeping America's Richest Idiots At The Top | HuffPost India</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1000"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge,chrome=1"/> <meta name="description" content="Elites are finding more ways to ensure that their children never run out of chances to fail."/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg?cache=zRdEuuz95m&ops=1200_630"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="HuffPost India"/> <meta property="og:title" content="The 'Glass Floor' Is Keeping America's Richest Idiots At The Top"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Elites are finding more ways to ensure that their children never run out of chances to fail."/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/the-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610"/> <meta property="og:app_id" content="146076648752549"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="146076648752549"/> <meta property="twitter:site" content="HuffPostIndia"/> <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta property="twitter:title" content="The 'Glass Floor' Is Keeping America's Richest Idiots At The Top"/> <meta property="twitter:image" content="https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg?cache=zRdEuuz95m&ops=1200_630"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Elites are finding more ways to ensure that their children never run out of chances to fail."/> <meta property="fb:pages" content="146076648752549"/> <meta name="robots" content="noodp,noydir,max-snippet:-1,max-image-preview:standard,max-video-preview:-1"/> <meta property="keywords" content="michael dell,Social mobility,meritocracy,upward mobility,wealth inequality"/> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg?cache=zRdEuuz95m&ops=1200_630"/> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_IN"/> <meta property="twitter:image:width" content="1200"/> <meta property="twitter:image:height" content="630"/> <meta property="article:section" content="Politics"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="michael dell,Social mobility,meritocracy,upward mobility,wealth inequality"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-10-14T08:53:13+05:30"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2019-10-14T08:53:13+05:30"/> <meta name="can-recommend" content="true"/> <meta property="twitter:creator" content="@rottenindenmark"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_n_5d9fb1c9e4b06ddfc516e076"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/http://schema.org", "@type": "NewsArticle", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "URL", "@id": "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/the-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" }, "headline": "The 'Glass Floor' Is Keeping America's Richest Idiots At The Top", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg?cache=zRdEuuz95m&ops=1200_630", "width": 1200, "height": 630 }, "dateCreated": "2019-10-14T08:53:13+05:30", "datePublished": "2019-10-14T08:53:13+05:30", "dateModified": "2019-10-14T08:53:13+05:30", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Michael Hobbes" }, "creator": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Michael Hobbes" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in", "name": "HuffPost India", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/logos/hp_amp.gif", "width": 600, "height": 60 } }, "description": "Elites are finding more ways to ensure that their children never run out of chances to fail.", "articleSection": "Politics", "keywords": [ "michael dell", "Social mobility", "meritocracy", "upward mobility", "wealth inequality", "@chubwidget", "@vert_politics", "type: news" ], "inLanguage": "en_IN", "thumbnailUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg?cache=zRdEuuz95m&ops=200_150", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/the-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" } </script> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://m.huffingtonpost.in/entry/the-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <base href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637cs_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/css/vendor.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637cs_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/css/styles.min.css">  <meta name="oath:guce:product-eu" content="false"/> <meta name="oath:guce:consent-host" content="guce.huffingtonpost.in"/> <meta name="oath:guce:locale" content="en-in"/> <meta name="oath:guce:inline-consent" content="true"/>  <script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://s.yimg.com/oa/guce.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> !function(e){var t={};function n(r){if(t[r])return t[r].exports;var o=t[r]={i:r,l:!1,exports:{}};return e[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,n),o.l=!0,o.exports}n.m=e,n.c=t,n.d=function(e,t,r){n.o(e,t)||Object.defineProperty(e,t,{configurable:!1,enumerable:!0,get:r})},n.n=function(e){var t=e&&e.__esModule?function(){return e.default}:function(){return e};return n.d(t,"a",t),t},n.o=function(e,t){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t)},n.p="/",n(n.s=2)}({2:function(e,t){!function(){var e=!1;function t(e){var t="string"==typeof e.data,n=e.data;if(t)try{n=JSON.parse(e.data)}catch(e){}if(n&&n.__cmpCall){var r=n.__cmpCall;window.__cmp(r.command,r.parameter,function(n,o){var a={__cmpReturn:{returnValue:n,success:o,callId:r.callId}};e&&e.source&&e.source.postMessage(t?JSON.stringify(a):a,"*")})}}"function"==typeof __cmp||(window.__cmp=function(){var t=arguments;if(__cmp.a=__cmp.a||[],!t.length)return __cmp.a;"ping"===t[0]?t[2]({gdprAppliesGlobally:e,cmpLoaded:!1},!0):__cmp.a.push([].slice.apply(t))},function e(){if(document.body&&document.body.firstChild){var t=document.body,n=document.createElement("iframe");n.style.display="none",n.height=n.width=0,n.name="__cmpLocator",t.insertBefore(n,t.firstChild)}else setTimeout(e,5)}(),window.addEventListener?window.addEventListener("message",t,!1):window.attachEvent("onmessage",t))}()}}); </script>   <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://consent.cmp.oath.com/cmp.js" async></script>  <script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://s.yimg.com/oa/consent.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/js/common.min.js"></script> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637cs_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/css/editions/in.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <script> window.maxConfig = {"global":{"onLoadTimeout":10,"player":{"pid":"5d02626e791cad3ed1b27c99","bcid":"5c6beb6e24f0ae27fda5fb76"},"template":"\n <section class=\"extra-content yr-extra-content\" style=\"margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n <div class=\"extra-content-eyebrow\" style=\"display: flex;font-size: 1.125rem;position: relative;font-style: italic;width: 100%;height: 25px;align-items: center;padding-bottom: 16px;\">\n <div class=\"extra-content-eyebrow__donut\" style=\"height: 24px;background-color: white;z-index: 1;\">\n <img alt=\"HuffPost\" class=\"extra-content-eyebrow__donut__src\" style=\"height: 24px;\"\n src=\"https:\/\/s.m.huffpost.com\/assets\/donut-a63d2a21ca5f04f551be212a9496d4deba5d40f4bcb801f34ba14f27bb3bb32a.svg\"\/>\n <\/div>\n <h4 class=\"extra-content-eyebrow__text\" style=\"background-color: white;z-index: 1;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 1px;text-transform: uppercase;\">Before You Go<\/h4>\n <span style=\"border-bottom: 3px solid #000000; position: absolute;top: 14px;left: 0;width: 100%;z-index: 0;\"><\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"extra-content__media\" style=\"margin-top: 8px;margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n <div class=\"content-list-component embed-asset yr-content-list-embed \">\n <div id=\"max-player-injector\"><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>"},"strategies":[{"type":"INSERT","cssSelector":"div.entry__content > div.entry__body > div.yr-entry-footer","injectIfPlayerAlreadyExists":true,"player":{"pid":"5d0777e9e57111101b19bb34","bcid":"5c6beb6e24f0ae27fda5fb76","m.playback":"autoplay_when_in_view","m.autoplayinview":50}}]}; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://cdn.vidible.tv/prod/max-suite/v0/max.js"></script>  <meta content="app-id=306621789, app-argument=huffpostnews://?entryID=in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" name="apple-itunes-app">  <link rel="manifest" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/manifest.json"> <script type="text/javascript"> window.adTechCallback = function() { if ('function' === typeof window.adSetHtNm) { window.adSetHtNm('https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://at.atwola.com'); } window.adSetNetId('5113.1'); window.adSetAdURL(location.protocol + '//' + (document.domain || 'www.huffingtonpost.com') + (location.port?':'+location.port:'') + '/_huff_uac/adpage.html'); window.tacProp={tags:"kvcategory=politics;kvpagetype=bpage:listicle:news:slideshow:special_report:wide;kventryid=5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610;kvpubmarket=in;kvcmsid=hpo:5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610;kveditags=@vert-politics:@chubwidget:wealth-inequality:meritocracy:upward-mobility:social-mobility:michael-dell;kvpublisher=huffpost;kvvert=politics;kvblogger=michael-hobbes"}; window.tacProp.tags += ( (typeof window.HPAds!=="undefined") && (typeof window.HPAds.adtech_client_side_inf=="function") ) ? window.HPAds.adtech_client_side_inf() : ""; //window.tacProp.tags += ";kvrefd="+document.referrer; if (typeof window.adSetOthAT=="function") window.adSetOthAT(window.tacProp.tags); try { window.adsEnableSandbox(); console.info('adsEnableSandbox on'); } catch (_) { console.warn('adsEnableSandbox not supported'); } }; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://s.aolcdn.com/ads/adsWrapper.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.adTechCallback(); </script> <meta name="taboola.category" content="politics"/> <script type="text/javascript"> window.adSetSyncCalled = false; waitForGlobal('adSetSyncDelay', function() { adSetSyncDelay('50'); window.adSetSyncCalled = true; }); </script> <script> var _HPJS = (function (_mod) { "use strict"; _mod.loadJS = function (src, options) { var options = options || {}; var ref = window.document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; var script = window.document.createElement("script"); script.src = src; script.async = options.async; script.defer = options.defer; ref.parentNode.insertBefore(script, ref); return script; } _mod.loadJSLater = function (url, timeout) { var ran = false; var loader = function () { if (ran) { return; } ran = true; _mod.loadJS(url, {async:true}); } window.addEventListener ? window.addEventListener("load",loader,false) : window.attachEvent && window.attachEvent("onload",loader); // in case the load event never fires setTimeout(loader, timeout || 15000); } _mod.waitForGlobal = function(identifier, cb, poll) { var test = typeof identifier === "function" ? identifier : function() { return !!window[identifier]; }; var interval; if(test()) { cb(); } else { interval = setInterval(function(){ if(test()) { cb(); clearInterval(interval); } }, poll || 50); } }; return _mod; }(_HPJS || {})); </script> <script> window.waitForGlobal = function(identifier, cb, poll) { var test = typeof identifier === "function" ? identifier : function() { return !!window[identifier]; }; var interval; if(test()) { cb(); } else { interval = setInterval(function(){ if(test()) { cb(); clearInterval(interval); } }, poll || 50); } }; window.modulousQueue = (function() { var queue = []; var run = false; function runner(fn) { setTimeout(function(){ try { fn(); } catch (e) { } }, 0); } return { add: function(fn) { var _tmp1 = !run && queue.push(fn); var _tmp2 = run && runner(fn); }, runAll: function() { var i = 0; run = true; for(;i<queue.length;i++) { runner(queue[i]); } queue = []; } }; }()); setTimeout(function(){ waitForGlobal('jQuery', modulousQueue.runAll); }, 5000); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function doTaboola(taboolaParams) { if (typeof taboolaParams == 'undefined') return; window._taboola = window._taboola || []; if (!doTaboola.loaded) { _taboola.push({ article:'auto' }); var _async_script = !function (e, f, u) { e.async = 1; e.src = u; f.parentNode.insertBefore(e, f); }(document.createElement('script'), document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0], taboolaParams.loader); doTaboola.loaded = true; } window.__taboolaRecircCount = { "native": 0, "taboola": 0 }; window.__taboolaModulesAdded = false; _taboola.push({ "listenTo": 'render', "handler": function(e) { var detail = e.detail; if ( detail.mode.substr(0,7) === "organic" ) { var type = "native"; } else { var type = "taboola"; } var i = 0; var container = window.jQuery(detail.container); while ( window.jQuery && detail.items[i] ) { var curCount = window.__taboolaRecircCount[type]; curCount++; window.__taboolaRecircCount[type] = curCount; var imageSlk = "elm:img;subsec:" + type + ";cpos:" + curCount + ";pos:1"; var headlineSlk = "elm:hdln;subsec:" + type + ";cpos:" + curCount + ";pos:2"; var dataItemId = detail.items[i].id; var taboolaDomNode = container.find(".videoCube_" + (i+1).toString() + "_child"); taboolaDomNode.find(".item-thumbnail-href").attr("data-ylk", imageSlk); taboolaDomNode.find(".item-label-href").attr("data-ylk", headlineSlk); i++; } if ( window.RapidInstance ) { if ( !window.__taboolaModulesAdded ) { window.RapidInstance.addModules(['below-entry-desktop', 'taboola-below-entry-common']); window.__taboolaModulesAdded = true; } window.RapidInstance.refreshModule("taboola-below-entry-common"); } } }); var cb = function(o){}; // function(o){ o.container.removeAttribute('id'); } _taboola.push({onrender: cb, mode:taboolaParams.mode, container:taboolaParams.container, placement:taboolaParams.placement, target_type:taboolaParams.target_type}); } </script> <style>.trc-auto-size { height: auto !important; }</style> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(w){ w.geminiApiKey = null; w.geminiApiKey = "88PV4TGCZ2GKNGPJ3MPH"; })(window); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://s.yimg.com/ss/rapid3.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.rapidConfig = {"spaceid":1197803204,"keys":{"ver":"huffpostcms","st_sec":"in.hpmg","pt":"content","pct":"story","paid":"the_huffington_post_584=hpo:5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610","p_sec":"politics"},"nonanchor_track_class":"yr-track","async_all_clicks":true}; var guce_referrer = getQueryStringParameter(window.location.href, "guce_referrer_us"); if (guce_referrer) { window.rapidConfig.referrer = base64Url_decode(guce_referrer); } if (window.Tracking.cobrand) { window.rapidConfig.keys['pl1'] = window.Tracking.cobrand; } window.RapidInstance = new window.YAHOO.i13n.Rapid(window.rapidConfig); </script> <script> window.twttr = (function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], t = window.twttr || {}; if (d.getElementById(id)) return t; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); t._e = []; t.ready = function(f) { t._e.push(f); }; return t; }(document, "script", "twitter-wjs")); </script> <script async defer src="//web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js"></script> </head><body class="country-in locale-en_IN page--skin-life entry entry--special-report"> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script>(function (d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.10&appId=146076648752549"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script> <div class="left-nav yr-life-left-nav" role="menu"> <div class="left-nav__header"> <button aria-label="Close Menu" class="hamburger-close hamburger-close-button" type="button"></button> <div class="nav-editions yr-life-editions"> <ul class="nav-editions__dropdown"> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=AU" data-edition="au"> Australia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=BR" data-edition="br"> Brasil </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=CA" data-edition="ca"> Canada </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=ES" data-edition="es"> España </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=FR" data-edition="fr"> France </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=GR" data-edition="gr"> Ελλάδα (Greece) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item nav-editions__dropdown__item--selected"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IN" data-edition="in"> India </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IT" data-edition="it"> Italia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=JP" data-edition="jp"> 日本 (Japan) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=KR" data-edition="kr"> 한국 (Korea) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=MG" data-edition="mg"> Maghreb </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=QC" data-edition="qc"> Québec (en français) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=UK" data-edition="uk"> United Kingdom </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=US" data-edition="us"> United States </a> </li> </ul> <div class="nav-editions__buttons"><a class="nav-editions__buttons__current nav-editions-open-button yr-life-editions-open" data-s-text="India Edition" href="#">India Edition</a> <a class="nav-editions__buttons__close nav-editions-close-button" href="#">CLOSE</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="left-nav__body"> <form class="nav-search" id="left-nav-search" action="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/search/" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"> <i class="icon-Nav_Search_Life"></i> <a href="#" class="nav-search__cancel nav-search-close-button" id="left-nav-search-close-button"></a> <input type="text" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Find HuffPost Articles" class="nav-search__keywords" id="left-nav-search-input" name="keywords"></form> <ul class="left-nav-menu yr-life-sections"> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item" data-s-value="News"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/">News</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/" target="_self"> Latest News </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/opinion/" target="_self"> Opinions </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/analysis/" target="_self"> Analysis </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/business/" target="_self"> Business </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/world/" target="_self"> World </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item" data-s-value="Politics"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/politics/">Politics</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/bjp/" target="_self"> BJP </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/congress/" target="_self"> Congress </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/kerala/" target="_self"> Kerala </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/kashmir/" target="_self"> Kashmir </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/uttar-pradesh/" target="_self"> Uttar Pradesh </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/maharashtra/" target="_self"> Maharashtra </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item" data-s-value="Entertainment"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entertainment/">Entertainment</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/movie-review/" target="_self"> Reviews </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/bollywood/" target="_self"> Bollywood </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/hollywood/" target="_self"> Hollywood </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/malayalam-cinema/" target="_self"> Malayalam Movies </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/tamil-cinema/" target="_self"> Tamil Movies </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/what-to-watch/" target="_self"> What to Watch </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item" data-s-value="Technology"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/tech/">Technology</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/aadhaar/" target="_self"> Aadhaar </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/privacy/" target="_self"> Privacy </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/data/" target="_self"> Data </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/reviews/" target="_self"> Gadgets </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/gaming/" target="_self"> Gaming </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item" data-s-value="Books"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/books/">Books</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/best-books/" target="_self"> Best Books </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/book-reviews/" target="_self"> Reviews </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/book-excerpt/" target="_self"> Excerpts </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/book-features/" target="_self"> Features </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item" data-s-value="Life"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/lifestyle/">Life</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/health/" target="_self"> Health </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/relationships/" target="_self"> Relationships </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/style/" target="_self"> Style </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/food/" target="_self"> Food </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/adulting/" target="_self"> Adulting </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item" data-s-value="More"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="#">More</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://itunes.apple.com/au/app/the-huffington-post/id306621789?mt=8" target="_hplink"> iOS app </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.huffingtonpost.android" target="_hplink"> Android app </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/breaking-free/" target="_self"> Breaking Free </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item yr-life-section-subitem"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/author/huffington-post-partner-studio/" target="_self"> HuffPost Partner Studio </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="left-nav__footer"> <div class="left-nav__footer__social"> <div class="social-buttons social-buttons--left-nav"> <div class="social-buttons__label"> Follow us </div> <div class="social-buttons__icons yr-life-social-list"> <a class="social-list__item social-list__item--facebook icon-Social_Facebook_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://facebook.com/HuffPostIndia" data-social-overlay="top-nav__facebook-overlay" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Follow us on facebook" target="_blank"></a><a class="social-list__item social-list__item--twitter icon-Social_Twitter_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://twitter.com/HuffPostIndia" data-social-overlay="top-nav__twitter-overlay" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Follow us on twitter" target="_blank"></a><a class="social-list__item social-list__item--instagram icon-Social_Instagram_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.instagram.com/huffpostin/" data-social-overlay="top-nav__instagram-overlay" data-social-name="instagram" aria-label="Follow us on instagram" target="_blank"></a><a class="social-list__item social-list__item--flipboard icon-Social_Flipboard_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://flipboard.com/@HuffPostIndia" data-social-overlay="top-nav__flipboard-overlay" data-social-name="flipboard" aria-label="Follow us on flipboard" target="_blank"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="left-nav__footer__links"> <a class="left-nav__footer__links__item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/p/huffpost-india-terms.html">Terms</a> | <a class="left-nav__footer__links__item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/p/huffpost-india-privacy-policy.html">Privacy Policy</a> </div> <div class="left-nav__footer__copyright"> Part of <b>HuffPost News</b> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-wrapper">  <div id="modulous_pushdown" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> <div class="master-container"> <header id="desktop__main_header" class="header header_skin_life js-header" role="banner"> <nav class="header__content yr-masthead"> <ul class="nav-icons"> <li class="nav-icons__item"> <a class="nav-icons__item__link hamburger-nav hamburger-open-button yr-hamburger-open icon-Nav_Hamburger" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/" aria-label="HuffPost India"></a> </li> <li class="nav-icons__item nav-icons__search"> <form class="nav-search" id="header-search" action="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/search/" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"> <i class="icon-Nav_Search_Life"></i> <a href="#" class="nav-search__cancel nav-search-close-button" id="header-search-close-button"></a> <input type="text" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Find HuffPost Articles" class="nav-search__keywords" id="header-search-input" name="keywords"></form> <a class="nav-icons__item__link icon-Nav_Search_Life nav-search-open-button yr-search-open" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/search/" aria-label="Search"></a> </li> </ul> <div class="header__item header__logo"> <a class="logo yr-logo" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/"> <img alt="The Huffington Post" class="logo__img" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/images/logos/HuffPost.svg"> </a> </div> </nav> <nav class="top-nav yr-nav"> <div class="top-nav__inner"> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--news yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="News"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="News" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/"> <span>News</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--politics yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Politics"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Politics" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/politics/"> <span>Politics</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--entertainment yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Entertainment"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Entertainment" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entertainment/"> <span>Entertainment</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--technology yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Technology"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Technology" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/tech/"> <span>Technology</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--books yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Books"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Books" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/books/"> <span>Books</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--life yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Life"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Life" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/lifestyle/"> <span>Life</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav-editions yr-life-editions"> <ul class="nav-editions__dropdown"> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=AU" data-edition="au"> Australia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=BR" data-edition="br"> Brasil </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=CA" data-edition="ca"> Canada </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=ES" data-edition="es"> España </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=FR" data-edition="fr"> France </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=GR" data-edition="gr"> Ελλάδα (Greece) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item nav-editions__dropdown__item--selected"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IN" data-edition="in"> India </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IT" data-edition="it"> Italia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=JP" data-edition="jp"> 日本 (Japan) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=KR" data-edition="kr"> 한국 (Korea) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=MG" data-edition="mg"> Maghreb </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=QC" data-edition="qc"> Québec (en français) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=UK" data-edition="uk"> United Kingdom </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=US" data-edition="us"> United States </a> </li> </ul> <div class="nav-editions__buttons"><a class="nav-editions__buttons__current nav-editions-open-button yr-life-editions-open" data-s-text="India Edition" href="#">India Edition</a> <a class="nav-editions__buttons__close nav-editions-close-button" href="#">CLOSE</a> </div> </div> <div class="top-nav-sticky top-nav-sticky--a-page bounceInDown hide "> <nav class="top-nav--front-page top-nav--sticky"> <div class="top-nav__inner"> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--news yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="News"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="News" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/"> <span>News</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--politics yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Politics"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Politics" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/politics/"> <span>Politics</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--entertainment yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Entertainment"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Entertainment" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entertainment/"> <span>Entertainment</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--technology yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Technology"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Technology" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/tech/"> <span>Technology</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--books yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Books"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Books" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/books/"> <span>Books</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--life yr-nav-item" data-edition="india" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="Life"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Life" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/lifestyle/"> <span>Life</span> </a> </div> </div> </nav> <ul class="nav-icons"> <li class="nav-icons__item"> <a class="nav-icons__item__link hamburger-nav hamburger-open-button yr-hamburger-open icon-Nav_Hamburger" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/" aria-label="HuffPost India"></a> </li> <li class="nav-icons__item nav-icons__item--logo"> <a class="nav-icons__item__link yr-logo" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/" aria-label="HuffPost India"> <i class="icon-Social-HuffPost"></i> <img alt="The Huffington Post" class="nav-icons__item__logo" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/images/logos/HuffPost.svg"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> <div class="inner-container row" role="main"> <div class="page__content"> <article> <div class="top-media-wrapper"> <div class="top-media yr-top-media"> <div class="top-media__image image"> <picture> <source srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg?cache=zRdEuuz95m&ops=600_800" media="(orientation: portrait) and (max-width: 768px)"> <img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg?cache=zRdEuuz95m&ops=scalefit_960_noupscale" alt=""> </picture> <div class="image__credit"> Zohar Lazar for HuffPost </div> <div class="image__caption"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <header class="entry__header yr-entry-header"> <a class="entry-eyebrow" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/politics/"><span>POLITICS</span></a> <div class="timestamp"> <span class="timestamp__date timestamp__date--published"> 14/10/2019 8:53 AM IST </span> </div> <div class="headline"> <h1 class="headline__title">The 'Glass Floor' Is Keeping America's Richest Idiots At The Top</h1> <h2 class="headline__subtitle">Elites are finding more ways to ensure that their children never run out of chances to fail.</h2> <div class="headline__stroke" style="background-color: #0dbe98"></div> </div> <div class="share-bar share-bar--horizontal yr-share"> <script id="share-bar__social-mob" type="text/template"><ul class="share-bar__list"><li class="whatsapp share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_WhatsApp yr-share-item" data-social-name="whatsapp" aria-label="Share on Whatsapp" data-action="share/whatsapp/share" href="whatsapp://send?text=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_whatsapp_catgqis0hqm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_whatsapp" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="facebook share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Facebook yr-share-item" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_facebook_eucluwzme5k%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_facebook" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="twitter share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Twitter yr-share-item" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_twitter_cooo9wqtham%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_twitter&text=It%27s%20getting%20harder%20to%20rise%20up%20in%20America%2C%20but%20it%27s%20also%20getting%20harder%20to%20fall%20down.%20Here%27s%20how%20American%20elites%20are%20giving%20their%20kids%20a%20bottomless%20supply%20of%20second%20chances." target="_blank"></a></li><li class="pinterest share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Pinterest yr-share-item" data-social-name="pinterest" aria-label="Share on Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" data-pin-media="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=236%2C168&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg%3Fcache%3DzRdEuuz95m&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=1baa1fedde84fcae00a54a742d9ae856d71acdcd" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://pinterest.com/pin/create/link/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_pinterest_fs145zajjbm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_pinterest" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="flipboard share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Flipboard yr-share-item" data-social-name="flipboard" aria-label="Share on Flipboard" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?v=2&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_flipboard_loanehh4xwc%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_flipboard" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="email share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Mail yr-share-item" data-social-name="email" aria-label="Share on Email" href="mailto:?subject=The%20%26%23039%3BGlass%20Floor%26%23039%3B%20Is%20Keeping%20America%26%23039%3Bs%20Richest%20Idiots%20At%20The%20Top%20%7C%20HuffPost%20India&body=Article: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_email_o63gt2jcad4%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_email" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="sms share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_SMS yr-share-item" data-social-name="sms" aria-label="Share on Sms" href="sms:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_sms_u4atw3wyfke%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_sms" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="tumblr share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Tumblr yr-share-item" data-social-name="tumblr" aria-label="Share on Tumblr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.tumblr.com/share/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_tumblr_e5pvwjig3j0%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_tumblr&name=The%20%26%23039%3BGlass%20Floor%26%23039%3B%20Is%20Keeping%20America%26%23039%3Bs%20Richest%20Idiots%20At%20The%20Top%20%7C%20HuffPost%20India" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="comments share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-comment yr-share-item" data-social-name="comments" aria-label="Share on Comments" href="https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></script> <ul class="share-bar__list"><li class="facebook share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Facebook yr-share-item" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_facebook_eucluwzme5k%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_facebook" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="twitter share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Twitter yr-share-item" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_twitter_cooo9wqtham%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_twitter&text=It%27s%20getting%20harder%20to%20rise%20up%20in%20America%2C%20but%20it%27s%20also%20getting%20harder%20to%20fall%20down.%20Here%27s%20how%20American%20elites%20are%20giving%20their%20kids%20a%20bottomless%20supply%20of%20second%20chances." target="_blank"></a></li><li class="pinterest share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Pinterest yr-share-item" data-social-name="pinterest" aria-label="Share on Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" data-pin-media="https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=236%2C168&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg%3Fcache%3DzRdEuuz95m&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=1baa1fedde84fcae00a54a742d9ae856d71acdcd" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://pinterest.com/pin/create/link/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_pinterest_fs145zajjbm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_pinterest" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="flipboard share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Flipboard yr-share-item" data-social-name="flipboard" aria-label="Share on Flipboard" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?v=2&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_flipboard_loanehh4xwc%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_flipboard" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="email share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Mail yr-share-item" data-social-name="email" aria-label="Share on Email" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/mailto:/?subject=The%20%26%23039%3BGlass%20Floor%26%23039%3B%20Is%20Keeping%20America%26%23039%3Bs%20Richest%20Idiots%20At%20The%20Top%20%7C%20HuffPost%20India&body=Article: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_email_o63gt2jcad4%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_email" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="comments share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-comment yr-share-item" data-social-name="comments" aria-label="Share on Comments" href="https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></div> <div class="author-byline yr-byline"> <ul class="author-list "> <li class="author-card yr-author-card"> <a href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/author/michael-hobbes" class="bn-author-image bn-clickable yr-author-image" aria-label="More from Michael Hobbes"> <div class="author-card__headshot" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5c869ad13b000032066baf16.jpg?ops=50_50);"></div> </a> <div class="author-card__details"> <span class="author-card__details-container"> <a class="author-card__details__name" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/author/michael-hobbes"> <span class="author-card__details__name"> By Michael Hobbes, HuffPost US </span> </a> </span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <div class="entry__content js-entry-content"> <div class="body-splash">  <div id="modulous_leaderboard_flex" class="ad_spot desktop-only sticky-advertisement"><style type="text/css"> #topnav_margin_btm { margin: 0 !important; } </style> <div id="ad_leaderboard_flex" class="ad_wrapper_"> <div id="adtech_leaderboard_flex" class="adtech-adspot ad-leaderboard_flex"></div> <script> (function() { var disableAdRotation = "" === "1"; var adsDiv = document.querySelector('#adtech_leaderboard_flex'); adsDiv.removeAttribute('id'); var defaultDelivery = "f"; // enableQueue: "" waitForGlobal(function() { return window.htmlAdWH && window.adSetSyncCalled; }, function() { // override adsPl in template if ('function' === typeof window.adSetPlId) { if ('undefined' === typeof window.origAdsPlId) { window.origAdsPlId = window.adsPl; } if ('undefined' !== typeof window.origAdsPlId) { window.adSetPlId(window.origAdsPlId); } } // override ads NetId in template if ('function' === typeof window.adSetNetId) { if ('undefined' === typeof window.origNetId) { window.origNetId = window.adsNt; } if ('undefined' !== typeof window.origNetId) { window.adSetNetId(window.origNetId); } } adsDiv.reloadCount = 0; var recoveryId = ''; var needsRecovery = recoveryId && recoveryId.length && kraken__adBlock && kraken__adBlock.active; var adId = needsRecovery ? recoveryId : '963871547'; // try { adId = io_c3sd.ads["leaderboard_flex"] || adId; } catch(e) {} // Override adtech_call_type var delivery_type = "default" || ""; var adtech_call_type = ""; switch (delivery_type) { case "by_request": adtech_call_type = "ajax"; break; case "text": adtech_call_type = "text"; break; case "iframe": adtech_call_type = "iframe"; break; case "iframe_proxy": adtech_call_type = "f"; break; case "collapsed": adtech_call_type = "fc"; break; default: adtech_call_type = defaultDelivery; break; } var args = ['lb', 'lb' ]; if(needsRecovery) { waitForGlobal('readyToRecover', function() { adsDiv = document.querySelector('.leaderboard_flex'); //htmlAdWH(adId, args[0], args[1], "fileless", adsDiv); }); } else { htmlAdWH(adId, args[0], args[1], adtech_call_type, adsDiv); if (!disableAdRotation) { adsRotateMult(adsDiv); } } if (typeof debugadcode == 'function') { debugadcode('AdTech', {placement: 'leaderboard_flex', mnid: adId}, adsDiv); } waitForGlobal('jQuery', function() { jQuery(document).on('reloadAd', function(ev, elem) { if (elem && !elem.contains(adsDiv)) { return; } var refreshRate = 1; adsDiv.reloadCount++; if (adsDiv.reloadCount % refreshRate === 0 && typeof adsReloadAd === 'function') { adsReloadAd(adsDiv); } }); }); adSetInView('0'); }); // wFG:htmlAdWH //modulous queue closing }()); </script></div> <script type="text/javascript">if (typeof HPAds !== 'undefined') { HPAds.ad_onload('div[id^="ad_leaderboard_flex"] iframe','HPAds.ad_uac_onload_handler(\' iframe[class^="uac_"]\',this,\'bottom_ad_border_div\',10)'); }</script></div>  <div id="modulous_splash_takeover" class="ad_spot"></div> </div> <div class="entry__body" data-part="contents">  <div id="sharebox_260x60" class="advertisement sharebox_260x60 ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> <div class="post-contents yr-entry-text"><div class="content-list-component text"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In 2014, Zach Dell launched a dating app called Thread. It was nearly identical to Tinder: Users created a profile, uploaded photos and swiped through potential matches. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The only twist on the formula was that Thread was </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/http://www.siliconhillsnews.com/2014/07/23/zach-dells-startup-thread-is-a-dating-site-just-for-college-students/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">restricted</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to university students and explicitly designed to produce relationships rather than hookups. The app’s tagline was “Stay Classy.” </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Zach Dell is the son of billionaire tech magnate Michael Dell. Though he </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/http://www.siliconhillsnews.com/2014/07/23/zach-dells-startup-thread-is-a-dating-site-just-for-college-students/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">told reporters</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> that he wasn’t relying on family money, Thread’s early <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.bizjournals.com/austin/blog/techflash/2014/07/michael-dell-son-sets-up-online-dating-site.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">investors</a> included a number of his father’s friends, including Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The app failed almost instantly. Perhaps the number of monogamy-seeking students just wasn’t large enough, or capping users at 10 matches per day limited the app’s addictiveness. It could also have been the mismatch between Thread’s chaste motto and its user experience. Users got just 70 characters to describe themselves on their profiles. Most of them resorted to </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.dailytexanonline.com/2014/09/29/tech-review-thread-dating-app-tailored-to-students" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">catchphrases</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> like “Hook ’em” and “Netflix is life.” </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">After Thread went bust, Dell moved into philanthropy with a startup called Sqwatt, which </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.tharawat-magazine.com/fbl/dell-family/#gs.y6lm7c" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">promised</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to deliver “low-cost sanitation solutions for the developing world.” Aside from an </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://sanisolv.github.io/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">empty website</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7l1ZABEoztA" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">promotional video</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> with fewer than 100 views, the effort seems to have disappeared. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And yet, despite helming two failed ventures and having little work experience beyond an internship at a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.businessinsider.com/life-of-michael-dell-2016-9" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">financial services company</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> created to manage his father’s fortune, things seem to be working out for Zach Dell. According to his LinkedIn profile, he is now an analyst for the private equity firm Blackstone. He is 22. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">America has a social mobility problem. Children born in 1940 had a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://opportunityinsights.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/abs_mobility_paper.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">90% chance</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> of earning more than their parents. For children born in 1984, the odds were 50-50. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Most accounts of this trend focus on the breakdown of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">upward</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> mobility: It’s getting harder for the poor to become rich. But equally important is the decline of </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">downward</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> mobility: The rich, regardless of their intelligence, are becoming more likely to stay that way. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“There’s a lot of talent being wasted because it’s not able to rise, but there’s also a lot of relatively untalented people who aren’t falling and end up occupying positions they shouldn’t,” said Richard Reeves, a Brookings Institution researcher and the author of “Dream Hoarders: How the American Upper Middle Class Is Leaving Everyone Else in the Dust, Why That Is a Problem, and What to Do About It</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">″ </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to research carried out by </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/glass-floor-downward-mobility-equality-opportunity-hoarding-reeves-howard.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Reeves</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://milescorak.files.wordpress.com/2014/07/pew-charitable-trusts-economic-mobility-project-corak-chasing-the-same-dream-climbing-different-ladders-economic-mobility-in-the-united-states-and-canada.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">others</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, the likelihood of the rich passing their status down to their children — “stickiness,” in economist-speak — has surpassed the likelihood of poor children remaining poor. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“If we were becoming less of a class-bound society, stickiness at the top should have gone down,” Reeves said. “But the evidence shows that it’s gone up.”</span></p><p>This phenomenon — Reeves calls it “the glass floor” — has taken on a new political urgency. Over the last two years, Donald Trump has put his family members in charge of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.npr.org/2019/03/10/701870547/exclusive-white-house-and-ivanka-trump-propose-new-spending-on-child-care" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">child care policy</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-palestinians-plan-exclusive/exclusive-white-houses-kushner-unveils-economic-portion-of-middle-east-peace-plan-idUSKCN1TN0ES" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Middle East peace</a>. Hunter Biden’s Ukrainian board membership has highlighted how corporations and foreign governments seek to influence elected officials through their children. </p><p>And who can forget <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.thecut.com/2017/12/wyatt-koch-shirt-line-wyatt-ingraham-video.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Koch nephew Wyatt</a> and his line of $79 floral button-ups?</p></div><div class="content-list-component embed-asset"><blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-dnt="true" align="center"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">can't look away <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://t.co/J88UwJ8eY2" target="_blank">pic.twitter.com/J88UwJ8eY2</a></p>— Adam H. Johnson (@adamjohnsonNYC) <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://twitter.com/adamjohnsonNYC/status/943368771988795392?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw" target="_blank">December 20, 2017</a></blockquote><script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></div><div class="content-list-component text"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But billionaire heirs are only a tiny part of the problem. Over the last 30 years, nearly every institution of social mobility, from education to work to government spending, has been systematically tilted toward the wealthy. Rather than sending our most brilliant minds up the income ladder, America is ensuring that the wealthy, no matter their mediocrity, retain their grip on the highest rung.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“The sense that there’s a self-sustaining and self-dealing group at the top isn’t wrong,” Reeves said. “When you create a ‘meritocratic’ selection process where the production of merit is increasingly skewed by parental income, you end up with a hereditary meritocracy.” </span></p><p>The rich, in other words, <em>are not sending their best. </em>And the more institutions they control, the more of their kids will be running the country. </p><h3>Elite Entrenchment Goes Far Beyond The Ivy League</h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Last month, a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/http://public.econ.duke.edu/~psarcidi/legacyathlete.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Duke University study</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> revealed that 43% of white Harvard students were not admitted on merit. They were ALDCs: recruited athletes, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">legacies, students on the dean’s interest list, and children of faculty and staff. The “dean’s interest list” is a roster of applicants with ties to wealthy donors. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The study — and the </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/02/us/harvard-admissions-lawsuit.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">racial discrimination lawsuit</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> that forced Harvard to reveal its admissions data — demonstrated the extent to which elite universities concentrate the privilege of their already-privileged students. To pick just a few representative statistics, children from the top 1% of the income distribution are </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/http://www.equality-of-opportunity.org/papers/coll_mrc_paper.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">77 times more likely</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to attend Ivy League schools than the poorest 20%. Harvard’s </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://features.thecrimson.com/2018/freshman-survey/makeup-narrative/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">class of 2022</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> includes more legacy students than African American students.</span></p></div><figure class="content-list-component image"> <span class="share-bar-image-wrapper"><img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da098c5210000c3073443ce.jpeg?ops=scalefit_970_noupscale" aria-label="Eric Trump (left) graduated from Georgetown University in 2006. Donald Trump Jr. (right) graduated from the Wharton School of the University..." alt="Eric Trump (left) graduated from Georgetown University in 2006. Donald Trump Jr. (right) graduated..."> <div class="share-bar share-bar--instream"> <div class="share-bar__item pinterest" data-type="pinterest"> <a class="share-bar__item-link entry__link--omit icon-Social_Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" href="" target="_blank"> </a> </div> </div> </span><div class="image__meta-wrapper"><span class="image__credit">ASSOCIATED PRESS</span><figcaption class="image__caption">Eric Trump (left) graduated from Georgetown University in 2006.  Donald Trump Jr. (right) graduated from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 2000. Both joined the Trump Organization shortly after college.</figcaption></div></figure><div class="content-list-component text"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But when it comes to social mobility, the outsized scrutiny of the top-tier colleges conceals a much larger problem. Harvard, Stanford, Yale and Princeton admit only a tiny number of students each. In 2016, the University of Washington </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.jkcf.org/research/state-university-no-more-out-of-state-enrollment-and-the-growing-exclusion-of-high-achieving-low-income-students-at-public-flagship-universities/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">enrolled</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> more low-income applicants than the entire student bodies of all four colleges combined. Among the nation’s top 10% of income earners, </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/01/18/upshot/some-colleges-have-more-students-from-the-top-1-percent-than-the-bottom-60.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">fewer than 1 in 20</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> attended the tiny number of “Ivy-plus” universities. Even if those elite schools enrolled low-income students exclusively, America’s abysmal social mobility statistics would barely budge.</span></p><p>The more important engine of elite entrenchment is the group of selective colleges that sit one rung lower in the rankings. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/01/18/upshot/some-colleges-have-more-students-from-the-top-1-percent-than-the-bottom-60.html" target="_blank">More than half</a> the children of the top 0.1% of income earners attend these schools, compared with fewer than 1 in 50 poor children. </p></div><blockquote class="content-list-component pull-quote">Having a college degree is most beneficial to the kids who aren’t that smart.<span class="attribution">Richard Reeves, Brookings Institution researcher</span></blockquote><div class="content-list-component text"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Over the last 20 years, selective universities have become just as dominated by the wealthy as the elite colleges — while receiving a fraction of the attention. Notre Dame, the University of North Carolina and the University of Southern California, for example, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-21/notre-dame-baylor-top-harvard-yale-for-most-legacies-admitted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">admit</a> higher percentages of legacy students than Princeton. Thirty-eight colleges — including upper-crust mainstays Colgate and Tufts — admit <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-21/notre-dame-baylor-top-harvard-yale-for-most-legacies-admitted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">more students from the top 1%</a> than from the bottom 60%. At </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">Washington University in St. Louis</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, the worst offender, the ratio is 3-to-1. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“These aren’t just elite institutions, they’re elitist institutions,” Reeves said. “They end up serving the children of today’s elite rather than preparing tomorrow’s elite.”</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Public colleges are subject to the same trend. In 2017, University of Georgia students had a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/college-mobility/university-of-georgia" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span style="font-weight: 400;">median family income of $129,800</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Two-thirds of the students at the University of Michigan </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/college-mobility/university-of-michigan-ann-arbor" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span style="font-weight: 400;">came</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> from the richest fifth of the income distribution; just 1 in 30 came from the poorest fifth. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“This is what inherited wealth looks like for the top 20%,” Reeves said. “You don’t save your money and give it to your kids as a bequest. You spend it on your kids so they don’t need the bequest. It’s an upfront investment.”</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But as universities tilt their admissions toward the wealthy, Reeves said, they aren’t just leaving talented low-income students behind. They’re also lifting mediocre rich students up. A 2005 study found that wealthy middle-schoolers with the lowest standardized test scores were </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.epi.org/publication/webfeatures_snapshots_20051012/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">more likely to graduate from college</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> than poor middle-schoolers with the highest scores. Students with </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0272775710001676?via%3Dihub" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">average</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> SAT results are nearly six times more likely to be admitted to top-tier universities if their parents are alumni. One of </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/glass-floor-downward-mobility-equality-opportunity-hoarding-reeves-howard.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Reeves’ studies</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> found that 43% of the members of upper-class households had skills and intelligence that predicted lower incomes.</span></p><p>“Having a college degree is most beneficial to the kids who aren’t that smart,” Reeves said. Intelligent kids will have thousands of opportunities to demonstrate their skills. Less-talented kids, on the other hand, have to rely on credentials that make them <em>seem</em> intelligent — high SAT scores, top-tier diplomas and corporate internships. </p><p>As elites take over selective colleges, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.technavio.com/report/test-preparation-market-in-the-us-industry-analysis" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invest more</a> in test-prep courses and reserve entry-level jobs for their peers, they will continue to monopolize these credentials for themselves.  </p></div><figure class="content-list-component image"> <span class="share-bar-image-wrapper"><img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5da09f46200000d406500047.jpeg?ops=scalefit_970_noupscale" aria-label="In 2017, students at the University of Georgia had a median family income of" alt="In 2017, students at the University of Georgia had a median family income of"> <div class="share-bar share-bar--instream"> <div class="share-bar__item pinterest" data-type="pinterest"> <a class="share-bar__item-link entry__link--omit icon-Social_Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" href="" target="_blank"> </a> </div> </div> </span><div class="image__meta-wrapper"><span class="image__credit">Wolterk via Getty Images</span><figcaption class="image__caption">In 2017, students at the University of Georgia had a median family income of $129,800.</figcaption></div></figure><div class="content-list-component text"><h3>Elites Are Becoming More Insular</h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The U.S. economy produces fewer secure, well-paying jobs than it used to. Most American industries are consolidating into </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.economist.com/briefing/2016/03/26/too-much-of-a-good-thing" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">a few dominant players</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Technology, globalization and outsourcing have </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/http://highline.huffingtonpost.com/articles/en/poor-millennials/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">pushed</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> entry-level and support roles out to low-wage workers.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This leaves a growing number of Americans competing for a shrinking number of jobs. And all the evidence indicates that corporations are reserving them for people who are already wealthy. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In 2016, </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/faculty/Research/ResearchDetail?guid=962c3d1c-75a2-11e4-9b0b-0050569b3e41https://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/faculty/Research/ResearchDetail?guid=962c3d1c-75a2-11e4-9b0b-0050569b3e41" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">researchers</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> sent hundreds of résumés to high-end law firms. They were identical in degrees and grade-point averages, but researchers tweaked the extracurricular activities to make some candidates seem rich (sailing, classical music) and others seem poor (track and field, country music). At the end of the study, upper-class men had been invited to 12 times more interviews than lower-class men.  </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Other studies have found similar class-based sorting practices in elite professions. In a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0003122412463213" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2012 survey</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, more than half the hiring managers in corporate law and finance firms said “cultural fit” was their No. 1 criterion for assessing candidates in job interviews. Some human resources managers screened out qualified candidates who had the “wrong” extracurricular activities. Others admitted to throwing out applicants without elite college credentials.  </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And then there’s the nepotism. According to a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/656371?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2011 study</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, 70% of boys born into the top 1% of income earners ended up working at their father’s company at some point in their lives, a larger percentage than other income brackets. In 2006, researchers </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.96.5.1559https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.96.5.1559" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">found</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> that nearly one-third of new CEOs were hired through a family connection.</span> </p></div><blockquote class="content-list-component pull-quote">There’s a fixed number of people who will be upper class in the future, and elites have the tools to make sure that their children are among them. But the more power they have and the more they’re worth, the more damaging it will be to everyone else.<span class="attribution">Joseph Fishkin, author of “Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity”</span></blockquote><div class="content-list-component text"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">There is, of course, nothing special about human beings showing favoritism to their friends and relatives. But, according to Joseph Fishkin, a University of Texas at Austin professor and the author of “Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity,” the rise of inequality has created a vicious cycle. The harder life gets for people at the bottom of the income distribution, the more desperate elites become to preserve their status for their children.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“The greater the inequality, the greater the impact on opportunity,” Fishkin said. “There’s a self-fulfilling class anxiety among the middle- and upper-middle class because they sense that the spaces are scarce now. There are fewer secure jobs. And the scarcer they are, the more valuable they are.”</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And though it may be understandable for wealthy parents to use their power to insulate their children from downward mobility, the broader effect of this trend could be severe. According to Reeves, dozens of studies have estimated the negative effects of failing to tap into the talents of low-income students. Far fewer, however, have considered the drag on the gross domestic product caused by unintelligent CEOs and Ivy League HR staffers hiring people just like themselves.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“No one is in favor of downward mobility,” Reeves said. “But if there isn’t enough circulation of elites at the top of their professions, you’re going to get stagnation.”</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">There is also the question of diversity. If social mobility continues to fall, America’s ruling class will become increasingly insular, considering almost exclusively the perspectives of wealthy heirs and elite college graduates. Already, 90% of families that earn over $118,000 per year are </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.globaltaxjustice.org/sites/default/files/Billionaire%20Bonanza_%20The%20Forbes%20400%20and%20the%20Rest%20of%20Us%20-%20IPS.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">white</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Of the 102 new senators and representatives elected in 2018, </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltnietzel/2018/12/10/the-college-profile-of-the-116th-congresss-first-year-class/#70a5c7313bcc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span style="font-weight: 400;">more than half attended</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> the most selective colleges in the country. Eight of the nine Supreme Court justices graduated from just two law schools.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">America is at risk of entrenching a ruling class that looks even less like a meritocracy than it does now. Just 22% of the Forbes 400 inherited less than $1 million in family wealth. </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0011392114551651" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">One-quarter</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> of the Forbes 1,115 are related to at least one other person on the list.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">⁠ </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.902.8218&rep=rep1&type=pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2014 study</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, members of the top 1% inherited an average of $2 million each; members of the top 10% inherited $618,000.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“There’s a fixed number of people who will be upper class in the future, and elites have the tools to make sure that their children are among them,” Fishkin said. “But the more power they have and the more they’re worth, the more damaging it will be to everyone else.”</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In 2012, Zach Dell was </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.theverge.com/2012/8/14/3239394/zach-dell-public-lives-rich-kids-of-instagram" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">featured</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> on the Rich Kids of Instagram social media account, growling at the camera as he ate a four-course meal on a private jet. His sister </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.insider.com/alexa-dell-left-social-media-after-rich-kids-of-instagram-2018-3" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Alexa</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, now a </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.austinmonthly.com/Blog/March-2018/Explore-Alexa-Dells-Favorite-Spots-in-Austin/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">“branding consultant”</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> for the dating app Bumble, captioned the picture “Snachary en route to Fiji.”</span></p><p>After the picture was widely mocked online, Alexa and Zach shut down their media accounts and have made few public statements since. In a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.businessinsider.com/fabulous-life-of-alexa-dell-2017-12" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">rare interview</a> five years later, Alexa was asked about the advice she got from her father growing up.</p><p>“Hard work,” she said, “is really the foundation of success.” </p></div><section class="extra-content"><h5 class="extra-content__title"></h5><div class="extra-content__media"></div></section></div> <div class="yr-entry-footer"> <div id="modulous_article_bottom" class="ad_spot"> </div> <div class="share-bar share-bar--horizontal yr-share"> <script id="share-bar__social-mob" type="text/template"><ul class="share-bar__list"><li class="whatsapp share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_WhatsApp yr-share-item" data-social-name="whatsapp" aria-label="Share on Whatsapp" data-action="share/whatsapp/share" href="whatsapp://send?text=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_whatsapp_catgqis0hqm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_whatsapp" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="facebook share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Facebook yr-share-item" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_facebook_eucluwzme5k%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_facebook" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="twitter share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Twitter yr-share-item" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_twitter_cooo9wqtham%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_twitter&text=It%27s%20getting%20harder%20to%20rise%20up%20in%20America%2C%20but%20it%27s%20also%20getting%20harder%20to%20fall%20down.%20Here%27s%20how%20American%20elites%20are%20giving%20their%20kids%20a%20bottomless%20supply%20of%20second%20chances." target="_blank"></a></li><li class="pinterest share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Pinterest yr-share-item" data-social-name="pinterest" aria-label="Share on Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" data-pin-media="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=236%2C168&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg%3Fcache%3DzRdEuuz95m&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=1baa1fedde84fcae00a54a742d9ae856d71acdcd" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://pinterest.com/pin/create/link/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_pinterest_fs145zajjbm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_pinterest" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="flipboard share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Flipboard yr-share-item" data-social-name="flipboard" aria-label="Share on Flipboard" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?v=2&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_flipboard_loanehh4xwc%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_flipboard" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="email share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Mail yr-share-item" data-social-name="email" aria-label="Share on Email" href="mailto:?subject=The%20%26%23039%3BGlass%20Floor%26%23039%3B%20Is%20Keeping%20America%26%23039%3Bs%20Richest%20Idiots%20At%20The%20Top%20%7C%20HuffPost%20India&body=Article: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_email_o63gt2jcad4%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_email" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="sms share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_SMS yr-share-item" data-social-name="sms" aria-label="Share on Sms" href="sms:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_sms_u4atw3wyfke%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_sms" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="tumblr share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Tumblr yr-share-item" data-social-name="tumblr" aria-label="Share on Tumblr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.tumblr.com/share/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_tumblr_e5pvwjig3j0%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_tumblr&name=The%20%26%23039%3BGlass%20Floor%26%23039%3B%20Is%20Keeping%20America%26%23039%3Bs%20Richest%20Idiots%20At%20The%20Top%20%7C%20HuffPost%20India" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="comments share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-comment yr-share-item" data-social-name="comments" aria-label="Share on Comments" href="https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></script> <ul class="share-bar__list"><li class="facebook share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Facebook yr-share-item" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_facebook_eucluwzme5k%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_facebook" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="twitter share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Twitter yr-share-item" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_twitter_cooo9wqtham%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_twitter&text=It%27s%20getting%20harder%20to%20rise%20up%20in%20America%2C%20but%20it%27s%20also%20getting%20harder%20to%20fall%20down.%20Here%27s%20how%20American%20elites%20are%20giving%20their%20kids%20a%20bottomless%20supply%20of%20second%20chances." target="_blank"></a></li><li class="pinterest share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Pinterest yr-share-item" data-social-name="pinterest" aria-label="Share on Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" data-pin-media="https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=236%2C168&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5da0973021000029073443c8.jpeg%3Fcache%3DzRdEuuz95m&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=1baa1fedde84fcae00a54a742d9ae856d71acdcd" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://pinterest.com/pin/create/link/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_pinterest_fs145zajjbm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_pinterest" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="flipboard share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Flipboard yr-share-item" data-social-name="flipboard" aria-label="Share on Flipboard" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?v=2&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_flipboard_loanehh4xwc%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_flipboard" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="email share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Mail yr-share-item" data-social-name="email" aria-label="Share on Email" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/mailto:/?subject=The%20%26%23039%3BGlass%20Floor%26%23039%3B%20Is%20Keeping%20America%26%23039%3Bs%20Richest%20Idiots%20At%20The%20Top%20%7C%20HuffPost%20India&body=Article: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610%3Fncid%3Dother_email_o63gt2jcad4%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_email" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="comments share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-comment yr-share-item" data-social-name="comments" aria-label="Share on Comments" href="https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fthe-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_in_5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></div> <div class="author-byline author-byline--footer"> <div class="entry-corrections "> <a class="follow-us__correction" data-post-origin="athena" data-post-id="5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610" data-edition="us" id="suggest-corrections" data-popup-target="#corrections_container">Suggest a correction</a> <div id="corrections_container" style="display: none;"> </div> </div> <ul class="author-list yr-authors"> <li class="author-card yr-author-card"> <a href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/author/michael-hobbes" class="bn-author-image bn-clickable yr-author-image" aria-label="More from Michael Hobbes"> <div class="author-card__headshot" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5c869ad13b000032066baf16.jpg?ops=40_40);"></div> </a> <div class="author-card__details"> <span class="author-card__details-container"> <a class="author-card__details__name" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/author/michael-hobbes"> <span class="author-card__details__name"> Michael Hobbes </span> </a> <span class="author-card__social-container desktop-only"> <a class="author-card__social author-card__social--twitter icon-Social_Twitter yr-author-follow" data-author-follow="author-twitter" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://twitter.com/rottenindenmark" target="_blank" aria-label="Follow Michael Hobbes on Twitter"> </a> </span> </span> <span class="author-card__microbio desktop-only"> Blogger, Rottin' in Denmark </span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tag-cloud yr-tag-cloud"> <span class="tag-more">MORE:</span> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/news/michael-dell/">michael dell</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/news/social-mobility/">Social mobility</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/news/meritocracy/">meritocracy</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/news/upward-mobility/">upward mobility</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffpost.com/news/wealth-inequality/">wealth inequality</a></div> </div> <div class="modal hidden yr-modal yr-slideshow" id="modal"> <i class="modal__close icon-close-x yr-close yr-track"></i> <div class="modal__content"> </div> </div> </div> <aside id="highlight-share__popup" class="desktop-only"> <a class="icon-Social_Twitter twitter" target="_hplink"></a> <a class="icon-Social_Facebook facebook" target="_hplink"></a> </aside> </div> </article> </div> <div class="page__content"> <article> <div class="page__content__row row--no-border"> <div class="col col--body-center"> <div class="entry__below-entry">  <div id="conversations"> <a name="comments"></a> <a id="load-comments-btn" class="show-comments-btn desktop" href="javascript:void(0);" data-comments-service="facebook" data-comments-template="<div class="related" style="padding-left:3px"><h2><span class="text"></span></h2></div><div class="fb_comments"><fb:comments colorscheme="light" width="570" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-glass-floor-is-keeping-americas-richest-idiots-at-the-top_n_5d9fb1c9e4b06ddfc516e076"/></div>"> 💬 Comments </a> </div>   <div id="modulous_below_entry_recirc" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> <div id="taboola-below-article-thumbnails" class="taboola hp-entry-you_may_like"></div> <div id="hp-more-gravity"></div> <script> (function(){ var c = document.getElementById('taboola-below-article-thumbnails'); c.id += '-' + Math.round(Math.random()*1e16); var taboolaParams = { loader: "//web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://cdn.taboola.com/libtrc/oath-huffingtonpost-india/loader.js", mode: "alternating-thumbnails-a", container: c.id, placement: "Below Article Thumbnails", target_type: "mix" }; doTaboola(taboolaParams); }()); </script> </div>  <div id="modulous_article_foot" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> <div id="modulous_mobileweb_taboola" class="advertisement mobileweb_taboola treated yr-taboola"> </div> <div id="modulous_mobileweb_instream_banner" class="advertisement mobileweb_instream_banner treated"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="newsletter-toaster desktop-only hidden yr-newsletter-toaster"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__inner-container"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__close-button yr-close yr-track icon-close-x"></div> <div class="newsletter-toaster__body-container"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__body"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__left"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/images/icons/newsletter-toaster.png" role="presentation"> </div> <div class="newsletter-toaster__right"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__right-title"> SUBSCRIBE TO THE POLITICS NEWSLETTER </div> <div class="newsletter-toaster__right-form"> <form class="newsletter-signup toaster" method="POST"> <div class="newsletter-signup__input-group"> <input name="slug" type="hidden" value="politics"> <input name="newsid" type="hidden" value="ebb2b0d6-ddd2-4229-9b72-3c9b81ebdc01"> <input class="newsletter-signup__input" name="email" placeholder="address@email.com" type="text"> </div> <div class="newsletter-signup__submit-button-group"> <input class="submit-button-group__button subscribe-submit yr-newsletter-submit yr-track" type="submit" value="Subscribe!"> </div> <label class="newsletter-toaster__signup-error signup_error"><span class="newsletter-toaster__message"><strong>Please enter a valid email address</strong></span></label> <label class="newsletter-toaster__signup-success signup_success"><span class="newsletter-toaster__message"><strong>Thank you for signing up! You should receive an email to confirm your subscription shortly.</strong></span></label> <label class="newsletter-toaster__signup-failure signup_failure"><span class="newsletter-toaster__message"><strong>There was a problem processing your signup; please try again later</strong></span></label> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="desktop__main_footer" class="huffpost-footer huffpost-footer_skin_life yr-footer">  <div id="modulous_leaderboard_bottom" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> <div id="footer-marker"></div> <div class="footer__top"> <div class="footer__logo"> <a class="footer__logo__link yr-logo" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/"> <i class="icon-Social-HuffPost"></i> <img alt="HuffPost" class="footer__img" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/images/logos/HuffPost.svg" role="presentation"> </a> </div> <ul class="footer__nav bn-footer-links yr-life-sections"> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/news/"> News </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/politics/"> Politics </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entertainment/"> Entertainment </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/tech/"> Technology </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/books/"> Books </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/lifestyle/"> Life </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="#"> More </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="footer__list footer__list--vertical bn-footer-links yr-life-footer-links footer__list--shorter"> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/rss/index.xml"> RSS </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/p/huffpost-india-faqs/"> FAQ </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/p/huffpost-india-terms"> User Agreement (Updated) </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/p/huffpost-india-privacy-policy"> Privacy (Updated) </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/p/huffpost-india-about-us"> About Us </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20191022015637/https://www.huffingtonpost.in/p/huffpost-india-contact-us"> Contact Us </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer__bottom"> <div class="footer__bottom__nav"> <div class="footer__bottom__nav__item"> Copyright © 2018 Huffington Post India Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. </div> <div class="footer__rights">Part of <b>HuffPost News</b></div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="popup-overlay"></div>  <script type="text/javascript"> (function(){ waitForGlobal("htmlAdWH", function(){ waitForGlobal("jQuery", function(){ setInterval(function(){ (function($){ var hiddenAds = document.getElementsByClassName('adtech-adspot'); for (var i = 0; i < hiddenAds.length; i++) { var ad = hiddenAds[i]; var $ad = $(ad); var toggle = false; var adChildren = ad.getElementsByTagName('*'); for (var j = 0; j < adChildren.length; j++) { var a = null; var $adChild = $(adChildren[j]); if ($adChild.prop('tagName').toLowerCase() !== "script" && !$adChild.hasClass('advertisement__label') && $adChild.is(":visible") && $adChild.height() > 20 && $adChild.css('display') !== "none" && !$adChild.closest('[style*=display: none]').length && !((a = $adChild.closest('[style*=overflow: hidden]')).length && a.height() <= 20)) { toggle = true; break; } } $ad.data("ad-rendered", toggle).toggleClass("ad-rendered", toggle); } })(jQuery); }, 1000); }); }); }()); </script> <script>window.addEventListener('load', window.modulousQueue.runAll);</script> <script> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({flush:true}); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(w){ w = (w.top == w.self) ? w : w.top, d = w.document; if (!w.geminiApiKey) { return w.console && w.console.console.log('[Gemini] apiKey not defined.'); } if ( /ads-debug-gemini/.test(w.location.search) ) { w.yapDebug = true; } w.apiKey = w.geminiApiKey; var script = d.createElement("script"); script.async = true; script.src = "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://s.yimg.com/av/yap/ga/yap.js"; d.body.appendChild(script); if (!w.top == w.self) { w.frameElement.style.display = "none"; } })(window); </script> <noscript> <h2>Using a mobile device? Go to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://m.huffingtonpost.in/">https://m.huffingtonpost.in/</a> for HuffPost Mobile.</h2> </noscript> <div id="mobile_promo"></div> <script> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({"c1":2,"c2":6723616,"c3":"","c4":"","c5":"india","c6":"","c15":"","options":{"url_append":"comscorekw=india"}}); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(); </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6723616&c3=&c4=&c5=india&c6=&c15=&cv=2.0&cj=1"/> </noscript> <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script','https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637/https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '1887969784608635'); // Edition specific fbq('track', "PageView");// custom event(s) for bpages fbq('trackCustom', 'EntryPage', { "section_name": "Politics", "tags": [ "michael-dell", "social-mobility", "meritocracy", "upward-mobility", "wealth-inequality" ], "ncid": "" });</script> <noscript> <img height="1" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637im_/https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1887969784608635&ev=PageView&noscript=1" style="display:none" width="1"></noscript>  <script async defer src="//web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js"></script> <script async defer src="//web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://assets.pinterest.com/js/pinit.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.jsConfig = {}; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/js/vendor.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/js/scripts.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var JST = {}; var HPPOST = HPPOST || {}; HPPOST.postOrigin = "athena"; HPPOST.postId = "5da3e9d6e4b02c9da04cc610"; HPPOST.playListID = "5cd940b4a1f6bc00011b078b"; HPPOST.playerID = "5c6fee821c2e655c1705e543"; HPPOST.companyID = "56000e19e4b0e4e194b84b31"; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022015637js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-8d6915bec703d3f366afa7431b00a7e7/js/entry.min.js"></script> <script> Mobileweb.ads.slideshowLeft = "\x0D\x0A\x3Cdiv\x20id\x3D\x22adtech_slideshow_300x250_req\x22\x20class\x3D\x22adtech\x2Dadspot\x20ad\x2Dslideshow_300x250_req\x22\x3E\x3C\x2Fdiv\x3E\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x3Cscript\x3E\x0D\x0A\x28function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20var\x20disableAdRotation\x20\x3D\x20\x22\x22\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20\x221\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20var\x20adsDiv\x20\x3D\x20document.querySelector\x28\x27\x23adtech_slideshow_300x250_req\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20adsDiv.removeAttribute\x28\x27id\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20var\x20defaultDelivery\x20\x3D\x20\x22f\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20enableQueue\x3A\x20\x220\x22\x0D\x0A\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20waitForGlobal\x28function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20return\x20window.htmlAdWH\x20\x26\x26\x20window.adSetSyncCalled\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D,\x20function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20override\x20adsPl\x20in\x20template\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27function\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.adSetPlId\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origAdsPlId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.origAdsPlId\x20\x3D\x20window.adsPl\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x21\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origAdsPlId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.adSetPlId\x28window.origAdsPlId\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20override\x20ads\x20NetId\x20in\x20template\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27function\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.adSetNetId\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origNetId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.origNetId\x20\x3D\x20window.adsNt\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x21\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origNetId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.adSetNetId\x28window.origNetId\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsDiv.reloadCount\x20\x3D\x200\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20recoveryId\x20\x3D\x20\x27\x27\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20needsRecovery\x20\x3D\x20recoveryId\x20\x26\x26\x20recoveryId.length\x20\x26\x26\x20kraken__adBlock\x20\x26\x26\x20kraken__adBlock.active\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20adId\x20\x3D\x20needsRecovery\x20\x3F\x20recoveryId\x20\x3A\x20\x27963888967\x27\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20try\x20\x7B\x20adId\x20\x3D\x20io_c3sd.ads\x5B\x22slideshow_300x250_req\x22\x5D\x20\x7C\x7C\x20adId\x3B\x20\x7D\x20catch\x28e\x29\x20\x7B\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20Override\x20adtech_call_type\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20delivery_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22default\x22\x20\x7C\x7C\x20\x22\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20switch\x20\x28delivery_type\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22by_request\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22ajax\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22text\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22text\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22iframe\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22iframe\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22iframe_proxy\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22f\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22collapsed\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22fc\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20default\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20defaultDelivery\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20args\x20\x3D\x20\x5B\x27RR\x27,\x20\x27RR\x27\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x5D\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x28needsRecovery\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20waitForGlobal\x28\x27readyToRecover\x27,\x20function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsDiv\x20\x3D\x20document.querySelector\x28\x27.slideshow_300x250_req\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2FhtmlAdWH\x28adId,\x20args\x5B0\x5D,\x20args\x5B1\x5D,\x20\x22fileless\x22,\x20adsDiv\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x20else\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20htmlAdWH\x28adId,\x20args\x5B0\x5D,\x20args\x5B1\x5D,\x20adtech_call_type,\x20adsDiv\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x21disableAdRotation\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsRotateMult\x28adsDiv\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28typeof\x20debugadcode\x20\x3D\x3D\x20\x27function\x27\x29\x20\x7B\x20debugadcode\x28\x27AdTech\x27,\x20\x7Bplacement\x3A\x20\x27slideshow_300x250_req\x27,\x20mnid\x3A\x20adId\x7D,\x20adsDiv\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20waitForGlobal\x28\x27jQuery\x27,\x20function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20jQuery\x28document\x29.on\x28\x27reloadAd\x27,\x20function\x28ev,\x20elem\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28elem\x20\x26\x26\x20\x21elem.contains\x28adsDiv\x29\x29\x20\x7B\x20return\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20refreshRate\x20\x3D\x201\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsDiv.reloadCount\x2B\x2B\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28adsDiv.reloadCount\x20\x25\x20refreshRate\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x200\x20\x26\x26\x20typeof\x20adsReloadAd\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20\x27function\x27\x29\x20\x7B\x20adsReloadAd\x28adsDiv\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adSetInView\x28\x270\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x20\x2F\x2F\x20wFG\x3AhtmlAdWH\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2Fmodulous\x20queue\x20closing\x0D\x0A\x7D\x28\x29\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x3C\x2Fscript\x3E"; Mobileweb.ads.slideshowTop = "\x0D\x0A\x3Cdiv\x20id\x3D\x22adtech_slideshow_728x90_req\x22\x20class\x3D\x22adtech\x2Dadspot\x20ad\x2Dslideshow_728x90_req\x22\x3E\x3C\x2Fdiv\x3E\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x3Cscript\x3E\x0D\x0A\x28function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20var\x20disableAdRotation\x20\x3D\x20\x22\x22\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20\x221\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20var\x20adsDiv\x20\x3D\x20document.querySelector\x28\x27\x23adtech_slideshow_728x90_req\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20adsDiv.removeAttribute\x28\x27id\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20var\x20defaultDelivery\x20\x3D\x20\x22f\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20enableQueue\x3A\x20\x220\x22\x0D\x0A\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20waitForGlobal\x28function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20return\x20window.htmlAdWH\x20\x26\x26\x20window.adSetSyncCalled\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D,\x20function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20override\x20adsPl\x20in\x20template\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27function\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.adSetPlId\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origAdsPlId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.origAdsPlId\x20\x3D\x20window.adsPl\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x21\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origAdsPlId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.adSetPlId\x28window.origAdsPlId\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20override\x20ads\x20NetId\x20in\x20template\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27function\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.adSetNetId\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origNetId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.origNetId\x20\x3D\x20window.adsNt\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x27undefined\x27\x20\x21\x3D\x3D\x20typeof\x20window.origNetId\x29\x20\x7B\x20window.adSetNetId\x28window.origNetId\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsDiv.reloadCount\x20\x3D\x200\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20recoveryId\x20\x3D\x20\x27\x27\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20needsRecovery\x20\x3D\x20recoveryId\x20\x26\x26\x20recoveryId.length\x20\x26\x26\x20kraken__adBlock\x20\x26\x26\x20kraken__adBlock.active\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20adId\x20\x3D\x20needsRecovery\x20\x3F\x20recoveryId\x20\x3A\x20\x27963888966\x27\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20try\x20\x7B\x20adId\x20\x3D\x20io_c3sd.ads\x5B\x22slideshow_728x90_req\x22\x5D\x20\x7C\x7C\x20adId\x3B\x20\x7D\x20catch\x28e\x29\x20\x7B\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2F\x20Override\x20adtech_call_type\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20delivery_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22default\x22\x20\x7C\x7C\x20\x22\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22\x22\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20switch\x20\x28delivery_type\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22by_request\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22ajax\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22text\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22text\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22iframe\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22iframe\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22iframe_proxy\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22f\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20case\x20\x22collapsed\x22\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20\x22fc\x22\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20default\x3A\x20adtech_call_type\x20\x3D\x20defaultDelivery\x3B\x20break\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20args\x20\x3D\x20\x5B\x27728\x27,\x20\x2790\x27\x5D\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x28needsRecovery\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20waitForGlobal\x28\x27readyToRecover\x27,\x20function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsDiv\x20\x3D\x20document.querySelector\x28\x27.slideshow_728x90_req\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2FhtmlAdWH\x28adId,\x20args\x5B0\x5D,\x20args\x5B1\x5D,\x20\x22fileless\x22,\x20adsDiv\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x20else\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20htmlAdWH\x28adId,\x20args\x5B0\x5D,\x20args\x5B1\x5D,\x20adtech_call_type,\x20adsDiv\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28\x21disableAdRotation\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsRotateMult\x28adsDiv\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28typeof\x20debugadcode\x20\x3D\x3D\x20\x27function\x27\x29\x20\x7B\x20debugadcode\x28\x27AdTech\x27,\x20\x7Bplacement\x3A\x20\x27slideshow_728x90_req\x27,\x20mnid\x3A\x20adId\x7D,\x20adsDiv\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20waitForGlobal\x28\x27jQuery\x27,\x20function\x28\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20jQuery\x28document\x29.on\x28\x27reloadAd\x27,\x20function\x28ev,\x20elem\x29\x20\x7B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28elem\x20\x26\x26\x20\x21elem.contains\x28adsDiv\x29\x29\x20\x7B\x20return\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20var\x20refreshRate\x20\x3D\x201\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adsDiv.reloadCount\x2B\x2B\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20if\x20\x28adsDiv.reloadCount\x20\x25\x20refreshRate\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x200\x20\x26\x26\x20typeof\x20adsReloadAd\x20\x3D\x3D\x3D\x20\x27function\x27\x29\x20\x7B\x20adsReloadAd\x28adsDiv\x29\x3B\x20\x7D\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20adSetInView\x28\x270\x27\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x7D\x29\x3B\x20\x2F\x2F\x20wFG\x3AhtmlAdWH\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x0D\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x2F\x2Fmodulous\x20queue\x20closing\x0D\x0A\x7D\x28\x29\x29\x3B\x0D\x0A\x3C\x2Fscript\x3E"; Mobileweb.init(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Rapid beacon is only enabled when core Rapid is active if (window.RapidInstance) { $(document).ready(function() { var rapidElements =[{"type":"sec","value":"masthead","selector":".yr-masthead"},{"type":"sec","value":"nav","selector":".yr-nav","childrenSelector":".yr-nav-item"},{"type":"sec","value":"masthead-responsive","selector":".yr-masthead-responsive"},{"type":"sec","value":"nav-responsive","selector":".yr-nav-responsive","childrenSelector":".yr-nav-item"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-text","selector":".yr-entry-text"},{"type":"sec","value":"col1","selector":".yr-col-body-left","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"col2","selector":".yr-col-body-center","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"col3","selector":".yr-col-body-right"},{"type":"sec","value":"splash","selector":".yr-splash","childrenSelector":".splash-inner"},{"type":"sec","value":"apage-rail-mobile","selector":".yr-apage-rail-mw","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"content-rail-mobile","selector":".yr-content-rail-mw","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-header","selector":".yr-entry-header"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-text","selector":".yr-entry-text"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-footer","selector":".yr-entry-footer"},{"type":"sec","value":"newsletter-toaster","selector":".yr-newsletter-toaster"},{"type":"sec","value":"newsletter-form","selector":".yr-newsletter-form"},{"type":"sec","value":"bottom-nav","selector":".yr-share-bottom"},{"type":"sec","value":"video-playlists","selector":".yr-video-playlists"},{"type":"sec","value":"video-content","selector":".yr-video-content"},{"type":"sec","value":"more-videos","selector":".yr-more-videos","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"conversations","selector":".yr-conversations"},{"type":"sec","value":"footer","selector":".yr-footer"},{"type":"sec","value":"modal","selector":".yr-modal"},{"type":"sec","value":"static-content","selector":".yr-static-content"},{"type":"sec","value":"author-header","selector":".yr-author-header"},{"type":"sec","value":"author-bio","selector":".yr-author-bio"},{"type":"subsec","value":"latest-entries","selector":".yr-latest-entries","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"video","selector":".yr-videos-for-you","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"top-videos","selector":".yr-top-videos","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"trending","selector":".yr-trending","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-value","selector":".yr-nav-item"},{"type":"subsec","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-value","selector":".yr-hamburger-menu-block"},{"type":"subsec","value":"follow","selector":".yr-social-list"},{"type":"subsec","value":"slideshow","selector":".yr-slideshow"},{"type":"subsec","value":"listicle","selector":".yr-listicle","childrenSelector":".yr-listicle-slide"},{"type":"subsec","value":"related-articles","selector":".yr-related-entries","childrenSelector":".yr-related-entry"},{"type":"subsec","value":"authors","selector":".yr-authors","childrenSelector":".yr-author-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"share","selector":".yr-share"},{"type":"subsec","value":"byline","selector":".yr-byline","childrenSelector":".yr-author-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"topic-tag","selector":".yr-tag-cloud"},{"type":"subsec","value":"mod-follow","selector":".yr-follow-us"},{"type":"subsec","valueFromAttribute":"data-playlist-name","selector":".yr-video-playlist"},{"type":"subsec","value":"taboola","selector":".yr-taboola"},{"type":"subsec","value":"hamburger-menu","selector":".yr-hamburger-menu","childrenSelector":".yr-hamburger-menu-block"},{"type":"subsec","value":"pane-footer","selector":".yr-pane-footer"},{"type":"subsec","value":"edition-links","selector":".yr-edition-links"},{"type":"elm","value":"link","selector":".yr-edition-link"},{"type":"subsec","value":"corp-links","selector":".yr-footer-links"},{"type":"subsec","value":"pagination","selector":".yr-pagination"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-card-headline"},{"type":"elm","value":"description","selector":".yr-card-description"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-card-image"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-splash-headline"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-splash-subhead"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-splash-ticker"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-splash-image"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-author-image"},{"type":"elm","value":"context_link","selector":".yr-entry-text a"},{"type":"elm","value":"context_link","selector":".yr-static-content a"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-dropdown-column-link"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-logo"},{"type":"slk","value":"HuffPost","selector":".yr-logo"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-close"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-next"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-previous"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-newsletter-submit"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-read-more-link"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-comments-open"},{"type":"slk","value":"close","selector":".yr-close"},{"type":"slk","value":"open","selector":".yr-open"},{"type":"slk","value":"next","selector":".yr-next"},{"type":"slk","value":"previous","selector":".yr-previous"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-author-follow","selector":".yr-author-follow"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-social-name","selector":".yr-social-list-item"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-social-name","selector":".yr-share-item"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-social-name","selector":".yr-follow-us-link"},{"type":"sec","value":"left-menu","selector":".yr-life-left-menu"},{"type":"sec","value":"hamburger-menu","selector":".yr-life-sections","childrenSelector":".yr-life-section-item"},{"type":"subsec","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-value","selector":".yr-life-section-item"},{"type":"elm","value":"navcat","selector":".yr-life-sections"},{"type":"itc","value":"0","selector":".yr-life-sections"},{"type":"subsec","value":"social-buttons","selector":".yr-life-social-list","childrenSelector":".yr-social-list-item"},{"type":"elm","value":"navcat","selector":".yr-life-nav-item-link"},{"type":"itc","value":"0","selector":".yr-life-nav-item-link"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-text","selector":".yr-life-nav-item-link"},{"type":"subsec","value":"edition","selector":".yr-life-editions"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-text","selector":".yr-life-editions-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"link","selector":".yr-life-editions-open"},{"type":"subsec","value":"corp-links","selector":".yr-life-footer-links","childrenSelector":".yr-life-footer-link"},{"type":"slk","value":"hamburger","selector":".yr-hamburger-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-hamburger-open"},{"type":"slk","value":"Open Search","selector":".yr-search-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-search-open"},{"type":"sec","value":"banners","selector":".yr-i18n-redirect"}]; MW.modules.rapid.trackElements('body', rapidElements); }); } </script> </div> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

The 'Glass Floor' Is Keeping America's Richest Idiots At The Top | HuffPost India