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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"> <meta name="access" content="No"> <meta name="360-site-verification" content="1268d79b5e96aecf3ff2a7dac04ad990" /> <title>Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy | Herz</title> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@SpringerLink"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Content cover image"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Herz - In inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis there is—apart from heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapies—no alternative to an aetiologically driven specific..."/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00059-012-3679-9/MediaObjects/59_2012_3679_Fig1_HTML.jpg"/> <meta name="journal_id" content="59"/> <meta name="dc.title" content="Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy"/> <meta name="dc.source" content="Herz 2012 37:6"/> <meta name="dc.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dc.publisher" content="Springer"/> <meta name="dc.date" content="2012-09-13"/> <meta name="dc.type" content="OriginalPaper"/> <meta name="dc.language" content="En"/> <meta name="dc.copyright" content="2012 Urban & Vogel"/> <meta name="dc.rights" content="2012 Urban & Vogel"/> <meta name="dc.rightsAgent" content="journalpermissions@springernature.com"/> <meta name="dc.description" content="In inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis there is—apart from heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapies—no alternative to an aetiologically driven specific treatment. Prerequisite are noninvasive and invasive biomarkers including endomyocardial biopsy and PCR on cardiotropic agents. This review deals with the different etiologies of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy including the genetic background, the predisposition for heart failure and inflammation. It analyses the epidemiologic shift in pathogenetic agents in the last 20&nbsp;years, the role of innate and aquired immunity including the T- and B-cell driven immune responses. The phases and clinical faces of myocarditis are summarized. Up-to-date information on current treatment options starting with heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapy are provided. Although inflammation can resolve spontaneously, specific treatment directed to the causative aetiology is often required. For fulminant, acute and chronic autoreactive myocarditis immunosuppressive treatment is beneficial, while for viral cardiomyopathy and myocarditis ivIg can resolve inflammation and is as successful as interferon therapy in enteroviral and adenoviral myocarditis. For Parvo B19 and HHV6 myocarditis eradication of the virus is still a problem by any of these treatment options. Finally, the potential of stem cell therapy has to be tested in future trials. In virus-negative, autoreactive perimyocardial disease a locoregional approach with intrapericardial instillation of high local doses of triamcinolone acetate has been shown to be highly efficient and with few systemic side-effects."/> <meta name="prism.issn" content="1615-6692"/> <meta name="prism.publicationName" content="Herz"/> <meta name="prism.publicationDate" content="2012-09-13"/> <meta name="prism.volume" content="37"/> <meta name="prism.number" content="6"/> <meta name="prism.section" content="OriginalPaper"/> <meta name="prism.startingPage" content="644"/> <meta name="prism.endingPage" content="656"/> <meta name="prism.copyright" content="2012 Urban & Vogel"/> <meta name="prism.rightsAgent" content="journalpermissions@springernature.com"/> <meta name="prism.url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"/> <meta name="prism.doi" content="doi:10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9.pdf"/> <meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Herz"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Herz"/> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Urban and Vogel"/> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1615-6692"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="37"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="6"/> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2012/09"/> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2012/09/13"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="644"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="656"/> <meta name="citation_article_type" content="Main topic"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"/> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"/> <meta name="DOI" content="10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"/> <meta name="size" content="615470"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"/> <meta name="citation_springer_api_url" content="http://api.springer.com/xmldata/jats?q=doi:10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9&api_key="/> <meta name="description" content="In inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis there is—apart from heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapies—no alternative to an aeti"/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Maisch, B."/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Pankuweit, S."/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Cardiology"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Internal Medicine"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Cal State J Med; 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citation_id=CR311"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Circulation; citation_author=null Kühl; citation_volume=107; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=2793; citation_doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000072766.67150.51; citation_id=CR312"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=J Infect Dis; citation_author=null Schmidt-Lucke; citation_volume=201; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_pages=936; citation_doi=10.1086/650700; citation_id=CR313"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur Heart J; citation_author=null Schultheiss; citation_volume=30; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_pages=1995; citation_doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehp249; citation_id=CR314"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur Heart J; citation_author=null Maisch; citation_volume=23; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=1503; citation_doi=10.1053/euhj.2002.3152; citation_id=CR315"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Maisch, B."/> <meta name="citation_author_email" content="maisch@staff.uni-marburg.de"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Gießen & Marburg, Marburg, Germany"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Pankuweit, S."/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Gießen & Marburg, Marburg, Germany"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <meta name="citation_cover_date" content="2012/09/01"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="SpringerLink"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy - Herz"/> <meta property="og:description" content="In inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis there is—apart from heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapies—no alternative to an aetiologically driven specific treatment. Prerequisite are noninvasive and invasive biomarkers including endomyocardial biopsy and PCR on cardiotropic agents. This review deals with the different etiologies of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy including the genetic background, the predisposition for heart failure and inflammation. It analyses the epidemiologic shift in pathogenetic agents in the last 20 years, the role of innate and aquired immunity including the T- and B-cell driven immune responses. The phases and clinical faces of myocarditis are summarized. Up-to-date information on current treatment options starting with heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapy are provided. Although inflammation can resolve spontaneously, specific treatment directed to the causative aetiology is often required. For fulminant, acute and chronic autoreactive myocarditis immunosuppressive treatment is beneficial, while for viral cardiomyopathy and myocarditis ivIg can resolve inflammation and is as successful as interferon therapy in enteroviral and adenoviral myocarditis. For Parvo B19 and HHV6 myocarditis eradication of the virus is still a problem by any of these treatment options. Finally, the potential of stem cell therapy has to be tested in future trials. In virus-negative, autoreactive perimyocardial disease a locoregional approach with intrapericardial instillation of high local doses of triamcinolone acetate has been shown to be highly efficient and with few systemic side-effects."/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00059-012-3679-9/MediaObjects/59_2012_3679_Fig1_HTML.jpg"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/apple-touch-icon-92e819bf8a.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/android-chrome-192x192-6f081ca7e5.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-32x32-1435da3e82.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-16x16-ed57f42bd2.png> <link rel="shortcut icon" data-test="shortcut-icon" 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Prerequisite are noninvasive and invasive biomarkers including endomyocardial biopsy and PCR on cardiotropic agents. This review deals with the different etiologies of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy including the genetic background, the predisposition for heart failure and inflammation. It analyses the epidemiologic shift in pathogenetic agents in the last 20 years, the role of innate and aquired immunity including the T- and B-cell driven immune responses. The phases and clinical faces of myocarditis are summarized. Up-to-date information on current treatment options starting with heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapy are provided. Although inflammation can resolve spontaneously, specific treatment directed to the causative aetiology is often required. For fulminant, acute and chronic autoreactive myocarditis immunosuppressive treatment is beneficial, while for viral cardiomyopathy and myocarditis ivIg can resolve inflammation and is as successful as interferon therapy in enteroviral and adenoviral myocarditis. For Parvo B19 and HHV6 myocarditis eradication of the virus is still a problem by any of these treatment options. Finally, the potential of stem cell therapy has to be tested in future trials. In virus-negative, autoreactive perimyocardial disease a locoregional approach with intrapericardial instillation of high local doses of triamcinolone acetate has been shown to be highly efficient and with few systemic side-effects.","datePublished":"2012-09-13T00:00:00Z","dateModified":"2012-09-13T00:00:00Z","pageStart":"644","pageEnd":"656","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9","keywords":["Viral and autoimmune myocarditis","Polymerase chain reaction","Heart failure therapy","Antiviral treatment","Intravenous immunoglobulins","Immunosuppression","Virale und autoimmune Myokarditis","Polymerasekettenreaktion","Herzinsuffizienztherapie","Antivirale Behandlung","i.v.-Immunglobuline","Immunsuppression","Cardiology","Internal Medicine"],"image":[],"isPartOf":{"name":"Herz","issn":["1615-6692","0340-9937"],"volumeNumber":"37","@type":["Periodical","PublicationVolume"]},"publisher":{"name":"Urban and Vogel","logo":{"url":"https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png","@type":"ImageObject"},"@type":"Organization"},"author":[{"name":"B. 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class="c-article-identifiers__item c-article-identifiers__item--cite"> <a href="#citeas" data-track="click" data-track-action="cite this article" data-track-category="article body" data-track-label="link">Cite this article</a> </li> </ul> <div class="app-article-masthead__buttons" data-test="download-article-link-wrapper" data-track-context="masthead"> </div> </div> <div class="app-article-masthead__brand"> <a href="/journal/59" class="app-article-masthead__journal-link" data-track="click_journal_home" data-track-action="journal homepage" data-track-context="article page" data-track-label="link"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 768px)" width="120" height="159" srcset="https://media.springernature.com/w120/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/59?as=webp, https://media.springernature.com/w316/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/59?as=webp 2x"> <img width="72" height="95" src="https://media.springernature.com/w72/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/59?as=webp" srcset="https://media.springernature.com/w144/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/59?as=webp 2x" alt=""> </picture> <span class="app-article-masthead__journal-title">Herz</span> </a> <a href="https://link.springer.com/journal/59/aims-and-scope" class="app-article-masthead__submission-link" data-track="click_aims_and_scope" data-track-action="aims and scope" data-track-context="article page" data-track-label="link"> Aims and scope <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/hker/" class="app-article-masthead__submission-link" data-track="click_submit_manuscript" data-track-context="article masthead on springerlink article page" data-track-action="submit manuscript" data-track-label="link"> Submit manuscript <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="c-article-main u-container u-mt-24 u-mb-32 l-with-sidebar" id="main-content" data-component="article-container"> <main class="u-serif js-main-column" data-track-component="article body"> <div class="c-article-header"> <header> <ul class="c-article-author-list c-article-author-list--short" data-test="authors-list" data-component-authors-activator="authors-list"><li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-B_-Maisch-Aff1_3679" data-author-popup="auth-B_-Maisch-Aff1_3679" data-author-search="Maisch, B." data-corresp-id="c1"> B. Maisch MD, FESC, FACC<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-mail-medium"></use></svg></a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff1_3679">1</a></sup> & </li><li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-S_-Pankuweit-Aff1_3679" data-author-popup="auth-S_-Pankuweit-Aff1_3679" data-author-search="Pankuweit, S.">S. Pankuweit</a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff1_3679">1</a></sup> </li></ul> <div data-test="article-metrics"> <ul class="app-article-metrics-bar u-list-reset"> <li class="app-article-metrics-bar__item"> <p class="app-article-metrics-bar__count"><svg class="u-icon app-article-metrics-bar__icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-accesses-medium"></use> </svg>2547 <span class="app-article-metrics-bar__label">Accesses</span></p> </li> <li class="app-article-metrics-bar__item"> <p class="app-article-metrics-bar__count"><svg class="u-icon app-article-metrics-bar__icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-citations-medium"></use> </svg>60 <span class="app-article-metrics-bar__label">Citations</span></p> </li> <li class="app-article-metrics-bar__item"> <p class="app-article-metrics-bar__count"><svg class="u-icon app-article-metrics-bar__icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-altmetric-medium"></use> </svg>3 <span class="app-article-metrics-bar__label">Altmetric</span></p> </li> <li class="app-article-metrics-bar__item app-article-metrics-bar__item--metrics"> <p class="app-article-metrics-bar__details"><a href="/article/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9/metrics" data-track="click" data-track-action="view metrics" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">Explore all metrics <svg class="u-icon app-article-metrics-bar__arrow-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></a></p> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="u-mt-32"> </div> </header> </div> <div data-article-body="true" data-track-component="article body" class="c-article-body"> <section aria-labelledby="Abs2" data-title="Abstract" lang="en"><div class="c-article-section" id="Abs2-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Abs2">Abstract</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Abs2-content"><p>In inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis there is—apart from heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapies—no alternative to an aetiologically driven specific treatment. Prerequisite are noninvasive and invasive biomarkers including endomyocardial biopsy and PCR on cardiotropic agents. This review deals with the different etiologies of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy including the genetic background, the predisposition for heart failure and inflammation. It analyses the epidemiologic shift in pathogenetic agents in the last 20 years, the role of innate and aquired immunity including the T- and B-cell driven immune responses. The phases and clinical faces of myocarditis are summarized. Up-to-date information on current treatment options starting with heart failure and antiarrhythmic therapy are provided. Although inflammation can resolve spontaneously, specific treatment directed to the causative aetiology is often required. For fulminant, acute and chronic autoreactive myocarditis immunosuppressive treatment is beneficial, while for viral cardiomyopathy and myocarditis ivIg can resolve inflammation and is as successful as interferon therapy in enteroviral and adenoviral myocarditis. For Parvo B19 and HHV6 myocarditis eradication of the virus is still a problem by any of these treatment options. Finally, the potential of stem cell therapy has to be tested in future trials. In virus-negative, autoreactive perimyocardial disease a locoregional approach with intrapericardial instillation of high local doses of triamcinolone acetate has been shown to be highly efficient and with few systemic side-effects.</p></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="Abs1" data-title="Zusammenfassung" lang="de"><div class="c-article-section" id="Abs1-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Abs1">Zusammenfassung</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Abs1-content"><p>Bei Myokarditis und inflammatorischer Kardiomyopathie gibt es neben der ohnehin durchzuführenden Herzinsuffizienzbehandlung heute keine echte Alternative zu einer ätiologisch-kausalen Therapie. Diese stützt sich unverändert auf die histologischen, immunhistologischen und molekularbiologischen Befunde aus der Endomyokardbiopsie, wobei nicht-invasive serologische Biomarker (CRP, BNP, Troponin, Gal-3 u. a.) und nicht-invasives Imaging hilfreich bei der Diagnosestellung sind. Die spezifische Therapie orientiert sich bei autoreaktiver virusnegativer Myokarditis an den Ergebnissen der TIMIC- und der ESETCID-Studie, die eine immunsuppressive Behandlung nahelegen, ähnlich wie bei Sarkoidose, Riesenzellmyokarditis und eosinophiler Myokarditis. Bei autoreaktiver, virusnegativer Perimyokarditis vermeidet eine intraperikardiale Triamcinoloninstillation in der Regel die systemischen Nebenwirkungen einer peroralen Kortikoidtherapie. Bei viraler inflammatorischer Kardiomyopathie können i.v.-Immunglobuline stets die Entzündung, die virale Ursache jedoch nicht so regelmäßig eliminieren.</p></div></div></section> <div class="c-notes"> <p class="c-notes__text c-status-message--info"> <svg width="24" height="24" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="c-status-message__icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-info-filled-medium"></use> </svg> This is a preview of subscription content, <a id="test-login-banner-link" href="//wayf.springernature.com?redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs00059-012-3679-9%3Ferror%3Dcookies_not_supported%26code%3D15a7e38a-bc1b-4410-96e5-a1c4e88390cd" data-track="click" data-track-action="login" data-track-label="link" class="c-preview-message__link">log in via an institution</a> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon c-external-link__icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-external-link-small"></use> </svg> to check access. </p> </div> <div data-test="access-article" class="app-article-access"> <h2 class="app-article-access__heading">Access this article</h2> <div class="u-ma-16 u-clear-both"> <a href="//wayf.springernature.com?redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs00059-012-3679-9%3Ferror%3Dcookies_not_supported%26code%3D15a7e38a-bc1b-4410-96e5-a1c4e88390cd" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-justify-content-space-between c-pdf-download__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="institution access" data-track-label="button"> <span data-test="access-via-institution">Log in via an institution</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="24" height="24" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg> </a> </div> <div data-test="buy-box-mobile" class="c-article-buy-box"> <div class="sprcom-buybox-articleDarwin" id="sprcom-buybox-articleDarwin">  <div class="buying-option" data-test-id="buy-article-darwin"> <div> <div class="c-springer-plus"> <h2 class="springer-plus-heading">Subscribe and save</h2> <div class="springer-plus"> <div class="springer-plus-headline"> <div class="springer-plus-title"> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-check-filled-medium"></use> </svg><span>Springer+ Basic</span> </div> <div class="dd price-amount-springer-plus"> €32.70 /Month </div> </div> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Get 10 units per month</li> <li>Download Article/Chapter or eBook</li> <li>1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter</li> <li>Cancel anytime</li> </ul><a href="https://link.springer.com/product/springer-plus" id="btn-subscribe-springerPlus" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--secondary" data-track="click||click_springer_subscribe" data-track-context="buy box"><span>Subscribe now </span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></a> </div> <h2 class="springer-plus-heading">Buy Now</h2> </div> <div class="buybox__buy"> <form action="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="type" value="article"><input type="hidden" name="doi" value="10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9"><input type="hidden" name="isxn" value="1615-6692"><input type="hidden" name="contenttitle" value="Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy"><input type="hidden" name="copyrightyear" value="2012"><input type="hidden" name="year" value="2012"><input type="hidden" name="authors" value="Prof. B. 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Maisch MD, FESC, FACC</a>.</p></div></div></section><section data-title="Electronic supplementary material"><div class="c-article-section" id="Sec32-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Sec32">Electronic supplementary material</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Sec32-content"><div data-test="supplementary-info"><div id="figshareContainer" class="c-article-figshare-container" data-test="figshare-container"></div><div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM1"><h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-test="supp-info-link" data-track-label="table 2 and 3 of "current treatment options in (pe" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00059-012-3679-9/MediaObjects/59_2012_3679_MO1_ESM.pdf" data-supp-info-image="">Table 2 and 3 of "Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy" (PDF)</a></h3></div></div></div></div></section><section data-title="Rights and permissions"><div class="c-article-section" id="rightslink-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="rightslink">Rights and permissions</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="rightslink-content"><p class="c-article-rights"><a data-track="click" data-track-action="view rights and permissions" data-track-label="link" href="https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?title=Current%20treatment%20options%20in%20%28peri%29myocarditis%20and%20inflammatory%20cardiomyopathy&author=Prof.%20B.%20Maisch%20MD%2C%20FESC%2C%20FACC%20et%20al&contentID=10.1007%2Fs00059-012-3679-9&copyright=Urban%20%26%20Vogel&publication=0340-9937&publicationDate=2012-09-13&publisherName=SpringerNature&orderBeanReset=true">Reprints and permissions</a></p></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="article-info" data-title="About this article"><div class="c-article-section" id="article-info-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="article-info">About this article</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="article-info-content"><div class="c-bibliographic-information"><div class="c-bibliographic-information__column"><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="citeas">Cite this article</h3><p class="c-bibliographic-information__citation">Maisch, B., Pankuweit, S. Current treatment options in (peri)myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy. <i>Herz</i> <b>37</b>, 644–656 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9</p><p class="c-bibliographic-information__download-citation u-hide-print"><a data-test="citation-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="download article citation" data-track-label="link" data-track-external="" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/s00059-012-3679-9?format=refman&flavour=citation">Download citation<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium"></use></svg></a></p><ul class="c-bibliographic-information__list" data-test="publication-history"><li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p>Published<span class="u-hide">: </span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value"><time datetime="2012-09-13">13 September 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class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Viral%20and%20autoimmune%20myocarditis&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Viral and autoimmune myocarditis</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Polymerase%20chain%20reaction&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Polymerase chain reaction</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Heart%20failure%20therapy&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Heart failure therapy</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Antiviral%20treatment&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Antiviral treatment</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Intravenous%20immunoglobulins&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Intravenous immunoglobulins</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Immunosuppression&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Immunosuppression</a></span></li></ul><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading">Schlüsselwörter</h3><ul class="c-article-subject-list"><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Virale%20und%20autoimmune%20Myokarditis&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Virale und autoimmune Myokarditis</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Polymerasekettenreaktion&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Polymerasekettenreaktion</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Herzinsuffizienztherapie&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Herzinsuffizienztherapie</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=Antivirale%20Behandlung&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" data-track-action="view keyword" data-track-label="link">Antivirale Behandlung</a></span></li><li class="c-article-subject-list__subject"><span><a href="/search?query=i.v.-Immunglobuline&facet-discipline="Medicine%20%26%20Public%20Health"" data-track="click" 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