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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Context</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>International reactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B2" title="قضية قلايفتز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قضية قلايفتز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qleyvits_t%C9%99xribat%C4%B1" title="Qleyvits təxribatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qleyvits təxribatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B9%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Гляйвіцкая правакацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гляйвіцкая правакацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Глайвицки инцидент – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Глайвицки инцидент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_de_Gleiwitz" title="Incident de Gleiwitz – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Incident de Gleiwitz" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99epaden%C3%AD_vys%C3%ADla%C4%8Dky_v_Gliwic%C3%ADch" title="Přepadení vysílačky v Gliwicích – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Přepadení vysílačky v Gliwicích" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cberfall_auf_den_Sender_Gleiwitz" title="Überfall auf den Sender Gleiwitz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Überfall auf den Sender Gleiwitz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%82" title="Επεισόδιο του Γκλάιβιτς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επεισόδιο του Γκλάιβιτς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidente_de_Gliwice" title="Incidente de Gliwice – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Incidente de Gliwice" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provoko_de_Gliwice" title="Provoko de Gliwice – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Provoko de Gliwice" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB%D9%87_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="حادثه گلایویتس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حادثه گلایویتس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleiwitz-ynsidint" title="Gleiwitz-ynsidint – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gleiwitz-ynsidint" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%B8%A0_%EB%B0%A9%EC%86%A1%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B2%A9_%EC%82%AC%EA%B1%B4" title="글라이비츠 방송국 공격 사건 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="글라이비츠 방송국 공격 사건" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%BE%D5%AB%D6%81%D5%AB_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Գլայվիցի պատահար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գլայվիցի պատահար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insiden_Gleiwitz" title="Insiden Gleiwitz – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Insiden Gleiwitz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleiwitz-atviki%C3%B0" title="Gleiwitz-atvikið – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gleiwitz-atvikið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidente_di_Gleiwitz" title="Incidente di Gleiwitz – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Incidente di Gleiwitz" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A5" title="תקרית גלייביץ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תקרית גלייביץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleivicas_incidents" title="Gleivicas incidents – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gleivicas incidents" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleiwitzi_incidens" title="Gleiwitzi incidens – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gleiwitzi incidens" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्लायवित्झचा हल्ला – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्लायवित्झचा हल्ला" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insiden_Gleiwitz" title="Insiden Gleiwitz – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Insiden Gleiwitz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%83%84%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="グライヴィッツ事件 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グライヴィッツ事件" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prowokacja_gliwicka" title="Prowokacja gliwicka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prowokacja gliwicka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidente_de_Gleiwitz" title="Incidente de Gleiwitz – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Incidente de Gleiwitz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidentul_Gleiwitz" title="Incidentul Gleiwitz – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Incidentul Gleiwitz" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8E_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Нападение на радиостанцию в Глайвице – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нападение на радиостанцию в Глайвице" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleiwitz_incident" title="Gleiwitz incident – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gleiwitz incident" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepadnutie_vysiela%C4%8Da_v_Gliwiciach" title="Prepadnutie vysielača v Gliwiciach – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prepadnutie vysielača v Gliwiciach" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_v_Gleiwitzu" title="Incident v Gleiwitzu – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Incident v Gleiwitzu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incydynt_we_Glywicach" title="Incydynt we Glywicach – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Incydynt we Glywicach" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%83" title="Инцидент у Глајвицу – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Инцидент у Глајвицу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_u_Gleiwitzu" title="Incident u Gleiwitzu – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Incident u Gleiwitzu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleiwitzincidenten" title="Gleiwitzincidenten – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gleiwitzincidenten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C" title="กรณีไกลวิทซ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กรณีไกลวิทซ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleiwitz_Vakas%C4%B1" title="Gleiwitz Vakası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gleiwitz Vakası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гливицька провокація – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гливицька провокація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%90%8A%E7%B6%AD%E8%8C%A8%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="格萊維茨事件 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格萊維茨事件" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gleiwitz_incident&params=50.31337_N_18.689037_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°18′48″N</span> <span class="longitude">18°41′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.313370°N 18.689037°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.313370; 18.689037</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Staged attack by Nazi forces to begin the invasion of Poland in 1939</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Gleiwitz incident</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Himmler" title="Operation Himmler">Operation Himmler</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Radiostacja_Gliwice_-_przemasban101.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Radiostacja_Gliwice_-_przemasban101.png/220px-Radiostacja_Gliwice_-_przemasban101.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Radiostacja_Gliwice_-_przemasban101.png/330px-Radiostacja_Gliwice_-_przemasban101.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Radiostacja_Gliwice_-_przemasban101.png/440px-Radiostacja_Gliwice_-_przemasban101.png 2x" data-file-width="2549" data-file-height="3030" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Gliwice_Radio_Tower" title="Gliwice Radio Tower">Gliwice Radio Tower</a> in 2012</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/False_flag_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="False flag attack">False flag attack</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gleiwitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Silesia" title="Upper Silesia">Upper Silesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> (today <a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a>, Poland)</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gleiwitz_incident&params=50.31337_N_18.689037_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°18′48″N</span> <span class="longitude">18°41′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.313370°N 18.689037°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.313370; 18.689037</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Objective</th><td class="infobox-data">Pretext for the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">invasion of Poland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">31 August 1939<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1939-08-31</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Executed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">German SS</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:200px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:200px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:200px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:German_Empire_1937_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gleiwitz Radio Tower is located in Germany"><img alt="Gleiwitz Radio Tower is located in Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/German_Empire_1937_adm_location_map.svg/200px-German_Empire_1937_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/German_Empire_1937_adm_location_map.svg/300px-German_Empire_1937_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/German_Empire_1937_adm_location_map.svg/400px-German_Empire_1937_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1133" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.621%;left:74.514%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gleiwitz Radio Tower"><img alt="Gleiwitz Radio Tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Gleiwitz Radio Tower</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of the Gleiwitz radio tower in Nazi Germany (1937 borders)</div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Gleiwitz incident</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Überfall auf den Sender Gleiwitz</i>; <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Prowokacja gliwicka</i>) was a <a href="/wiki/False_flag_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="False flag attack">false flag attack</a> on the radio station <i>Sender Gleiwitz</i> in <a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gleiwitz</a> (then Germany and now Gliwice, Poland) staged by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> on the night of 31 August 1939. Along with some two dozen similar incidents, the attack was manufactured by Germany as a <i><a href="/wiki/Casus_belli" title="Casus belli">casus belli</a></i> to justify the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">invasion of Poland</a>. Prior to the invasion, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> gave a radio address condemning the acts and announcing German plans to attack Poland, which began the next morning.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the German government using the attack as a justification to go to war with Poland, the Gleiwitz assailants were not Polish but were German SS officers wearing Polish uniforms. </p><p>During his declaration of war, Hitler did not mention the Gleiwitz incident but grouped all provocations staged by the SS as an alleged "Polish assault" on Germany. The Gleiwitz incident is the best-known action of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Himmler" title="Operation Himmler">Operation Himmler</a>, a series of <a href="/wiki/Special_operations" title="Special operations">special operations</a> undertaken by the <i><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a></i> (SS) to serve German propaganda at the outbreak of war. The operation was intended to create the appearance of a Polish aggression against Germany to justify the invasion of Poland. On September 3, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_declaration_of_war_on_Germany_(1939)" title="United Kingdom declaration of war on Germany (1939)">Britain</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_declaration_of_war_on_Germany_(1939)" title="French declaration of war on Germany (1939)">France</a> declared war on Germany, and the European theatre of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> had begun. Manufactured evidence for the Gleiwitz attack by the SS was provided by the undercover German SS officer <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Naujocks" title="Alfred Naujocks">Alfred Naujocks</a> in 1945. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events_at_Gleiwitz">Events at Gleiwitz</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events at Gleiwitz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Much of what is known about the Gleiwitz incident comes from the <a href="/wiki/Affidavit" title="Affidavit">affidavit</a> of <i>SS-Sturmbannführer</i> Alfred Naujocks at the <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Trials" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuremberg Trials">Nuremberg Trials</a>. In his testimony, he stated that he organised the incident under orders from <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Heydrich" title="Reinhard Heydrich">Reinhard Heydrich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_M%C3%BCller_(Gestapo)" title="Heinrich Müller (Gestapo)">Heinrich Müller</a>, chief of the <a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nuremberg_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nuremberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the night of 31 August, a small group of German operatives dressed in Polish uniforms and led by Naujocks seized the Gleiwitz station and broadcast a short <a href="/wiki/Anti-German_sentiment" title="Anti-German sentiment">anti-German</a> message in Polish (sources vary on the content of the message).<sup id="cite_ref-Ailsby_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ailsby-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The operation was named "<i>Grossmutter gestorben</i>" (Grandmother died).<sup id="cite_ref-Interview_with_Naujocks_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interview_with_Naujocks-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The operation was to make the attack and the broadcast look like the work of Polish anti-German saboteurs.<sup id="cite_ref-Ailsby_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ailsby-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WirtzGordon_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WirtzGordon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The operation was planned and carried out from the <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82awi%C4%99cice_Palace_(Schloss_Slawentzitz)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sławięcice Palace (Schloss Slawentzitz)">Sławięcice Palace (Schloss Slawentzitz)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To make the attack seem more convincing, the Gestapo executed <a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Honiok" title="Franciszek Honiok">Franciszek Honiok</a>, a 43-year-old unmarried Upper Silesian<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Catholic farmer, known for sympathising with the Poles. He had been arrested the previous day by the Gestapo and dressed to look like a <a href="/wiki/Saboteur" class="mw-redirect" title="Saboteur">saboteur</a>, then rendered unconscious by an injection of drugs, then killed by gunshot wounds.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Honiok was left dead at the scene so that he appeared to have been killed while attacking the station. His corpse was then presented to the police and press as proof of the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-Franciszek_Honiok_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Franciszek_Honiok-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several prisoners from the <a href="/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp" title="Dachau concentration camp">Dachau concentration camp</a> were drugged, shot dead on the site and their faces disfigured to make identification impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-Ailsby_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ailsby-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WirtzGordon_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WirtzGordon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Germans referred to them by the code phrase "<i>Konserve</i>" (canned goods). Some sources incorrectly refer to the incident as Operation Canned Goods.<sup id="cite_ref-Lightbody_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lightbody-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an oral testimony at the Nuremberg Trials, <a href="/wiki/Erwin_von_Lahousen" title="Erwin von Lahousen">Erwin von Lahousen</a> stated that his division of the <i><a href="/wiki/Abwehr" title="Abwehr">Abwehr</a></i> was one of two that were given the task of providing <a href="/wiki/Polish_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Army">Polish Army</a> uniforms, equipment and identification cards; he was later told by <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Canaris" title="Wilhelm Canaris">Wilhelm Canaris</a> that people from concentration camps had been disguised in these uniforms and ordered to attack the radio stations.<sup id="cite_ref-Lahousen_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lahousen-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Schindler" title="Oskar Schindler">Oskar Schindler</a> played a role in supplying the Polish uniforms and weapons used in the operation as an agent for the <i><a href="/wiki/Abwehr" title="Abwehr">Abwehr</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Context">Context</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glivice_plaque.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Glivice_plaque.JPG/220px-Glivice_plaque.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Glivice_plaque.JPG/330px-Glivice_plaque.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Glivice_plaque.JPG/440px-Glivice_plaque.JPG 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="265" /></a><figcaption>Plaque on site commemorating the incident</figcaption></figure> <p>The Gleiwitz incident was a part of a larger operation carried out by <i>Abwehr</i> and SS forces.<sup id="cite_ref-WirtzGordon_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WirtzGordon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other orchestrated incidents were conducted along the Polish–German border at the same time as the Gleiwitz attack, such as a house burning in the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Corridor" title="Polish Corridor">Polish Corridor</a> and spurious propaganda. The project was called <a href="/wiki/Operation_Himmler" title="Operation Himmler">Operation Himmler</a> and comprised incidents intended to give the appearance of Polish aggression against Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-Hitler_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hitler-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lightbody_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lightbody-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> German newspapers and politicians, including <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, had made accusations against Polish authorities for months before the 1939 invasion of organising or tolerating violent <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">ethnic cleansing</a> of <a href="/wiki/Volksdeutsche" title="Volksdeutsche">ethnic Germans</a> living in Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-Hitler_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hitler-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-German_Editor_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-German_Editor-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 September, the day following the Gleiwitz attack, Germany launched <i><a href="/wiki/Fall_Weiss_(1939)" title="Fall Weiss (1939)">Fall Weiss</a></i> (Case White), the strategic plan for the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">invasion of Poland</a>, which precipitated <a href="/wiki/European_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="European theatre of World War II">World War II</a> in Europe. Hitler cited the border incidents in a speech in the <a href="/wiki/Reichstag_(Weimar_Republic)" title="Reichstag (Weimar Republic)">Reichstag</a> on the same day, with three of them called very serious, as justification for his invasion of Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-Hitler_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hitler-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hitler had told his generals on 22 August, "I will provide a propagandistic <a href="/wiki/Casus_belli" title="Casus belli">casus belli</a>. Its credibility doesn't matter. The victor will not be asked whether he told the truth".<sup id="cite_ref-WirtzGordon_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WirtzGordon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lightbody_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lightbody-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_reactions">International reactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: International reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> correspondents were summoned to the scene the next day but no neutral parties were allowed to investigate the incident in detail and the international public was skeptical of the German version of the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-WirtzGordon_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WirtzGordon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zaloga_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zaloga-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There have been several adaptations of the incident in cinema. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Gleiwitz_Case" title="The Gleiwitz Case">Der Fall Gleiwitz</a></i> (1961), directed by Gerhard Klein for <a href="/wiki/DEFA_(film_studio)" class="mw-redirect" title="DEFA (film studio)">DEFA</a> studios (<i>The Gleiwitz Case</i>; English subtitles), is an <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East German</a> film that reconstructs the events.<sup id="cite_ref-imdb_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imdb-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Operacja_Himmler_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Operacja Himmler (film)">Operacja Himmler</a></i> (1979) is a Polish film that covers the events.<sup id="cite_ref-imdb1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imdb1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tin_Drum_(film)" title="The Tin Drum (film)">Die Blechtrommel</a></i> (1979), directed by <a href="/wiki/Volker_Schl%C3%B6ndorff" title="Volker Schlöndorff">Volker Schlöndorff</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Hitler%27s_SS:_Portrait_in_Evil" title="Hitler's SS: Portrait in Evil">Hitler's SS: Portrait in Evil</a></i> (1985), directed by <a href="/wiki/Jim_Goddard" title="Jim Goddard">Jim Goddard</a>, briefly include the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-imdb3_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imdb3-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-imdb2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imdb2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was also mentioned in a video game; <i><a href="/wiki/Codename:_Panzers" class="mw-redirect" title="Codename: Panzers">Codename: Panzers</a></i> (2004), which stirred up some controversy in Poland where the game was briefly discussed in Polish media as <a href="/wiki/Anti-Polish_sentiment" title="Anti-Polish sentiment">anti-Polish</a> falsification of history, before the issue was cleared up as a case of poor reporting.<sup id="cite_ref-gazeta_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gazeta-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1939_in_Poland" title="1939 in Poland">1939 in Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Tarnow_rail_station_bomb_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="1939 Tarnow rail station bomb attack">1939 Tarnow rail station bomb attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jablunkov_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Jablunkov incident">Jablunkov incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukden_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Mukden Incident">Mukden Incident</a>, a similar <a href="/wiki/False_flag_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="False flag operation">false flag operation</a> that started the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Manchuria" title="Japanese invasion of Manchuria">Japanese invasion of Manchuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_crimes_against_the_Polish_nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi crimes against the Polish nation">Nazi crimes against the Polish nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Greif" title="Operation Greif">Operation Greif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelling_of_Mainila" title="Shelling of Mainila">Shelling of Mainila</a>, a similar <a href="/wiki/False_flag_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="False flag operation">false flag operation</a> that started the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet invasion of Finland">Soviet invasion of Finland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/resource/document/HITLER1.htm">"Address by Adolf Hitler – September 1, 1939"</a>. <i>fcit.usf.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fcit.usf.edu&rft.atitle=Address+by+Adolf+Hitler+%E2%80%93+September+1%2C+1939&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffcit.usf.edu%2Fholocaust%2Fresource%2Fdocument%2FHITLER1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGleiwitz+incident" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nuremberg-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nuremberg_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/12-20-45.asp">"20 Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 4"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Avalon_Project" title="Avalon Project">Avalon Project</a>. 20 December 1945<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl. 23 August 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Skrytykowali+gr%C4%99%2C+cho%C4%87+jej+nie+widzieli&rft.pub=Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl&rft.date=2004-08-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiadomosci.gazeta.pl%2Fwiadomosci%2F1%2C114873%2C2243402.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGleiwitz+incident" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Toland_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Toland (author)">John Toland</a>, <i>Adolf Hitler : The Definitive Biography</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-42053-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-42053-6">0-385-42053-6</a>.</li> <li>Dennis Whitehead, "The Gleiwitz Incident", <i>After the Battle Magazine</i> Number 142 (March 2009)</li> <li>Stanley S. Seidner, <i>Marshal Edward Śmigły-Rydz Rydz and the Defense of Poland</i>, New York, 1978.</li> <li>Spieß / Lichtenstein <i>Unternehmen Tannenberg. Der Anlass zum Zweiten Weltkrieg</i>, Wiesbaden und München 1979.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolak-Springer2013" class="citation journal cs1">Polak-Springer, Peter (April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ehq.sagepub.com/content/43/2/279.abstract">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Jammin' with Karlik': The German-Polish 'Radio War' and the Gleiwitz 'Provocation', 1925–1939"</a>. <i>European History Quarterly</i>. <b>43</b> (2). Sage: 279–300. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0265691413478095">10.1177/0265691413478095</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145321954">145321954</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+History+Quarterly&rft.atitle=%27Jammin%27+with+Karlik%27%3A+The+German-Polish+%27Radio+War%27+and+the+Gleiwitz+%27Provocation%27%2C+1925%E2%80%931939&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=279-300&rft.date=2013-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0265691413478095&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145321954%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Polak-Springer&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fehq.sagepub.com%2Fcontent%2F43%2F2%2F279.abstract&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGleiwitz+incident" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleiwitz_incident&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080413014449/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,958453-1,00.html">"Blitzkrieg September 1, 1939: a new kind of warfare engulfs Poland"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 28 August 1989. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,958453-1,00.html">the original</a> on 13 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Blitzkrieg+September+1%2C+1939%3A+a+new+kind+of+warfare+engulfs+Poland&rft.date=1989-08-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C958453-1%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGleiwitz+incident" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814101908/http://www.radiostacjagliwicka.republika.pl/foldery/FoldeRAng.htm">Radio Tower Museum in Gliwice: Gliwice provocation. Broadcasting station.</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070515180715/http://ww2.boom.ru/Polish/gleiwitz.html">Мой сайт@Mail.Ru – Сервис бесплатного хостинга</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051110014039/http://www.muzeum.gliwice.pl/de/news_fullpage.php?nid=719&ret_top=%2Fde%2Findex.php">Museum der Rundfunkgeschichte und der Medienkunst – Rundfunksender Gliwice</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kopnet.gliwice.pl/?id=819">65 lat temu wybuchła wojna</a>:</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan150830.html">AWR Wavescan</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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