CINXE.COM

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this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script><meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0" /><meta name="google-site-verification" content="8JsUO-7v0e8nDKGNuXZSOYAnwU3OdMfkodMPyWhN1Bc" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta property="og:title" content="The Difference Between Identical and Fraternal Twins" /><meta property="og:description" content="Sometimes health care professionals identify same-sex twins as fraternal or identical based on ultrasound findings or by examining the membranes at the time of delivery. The best way to determine if twins are identical or fraternal is by examining each child’s DNA." /><meta property="og:type" content="article" /><meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2010-07-06T10:00:00" /><meta property="og:fb:app_id" content="115427621803" /><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/Pages/The-Difference-Between-Identical-and-Fraternal-Twins.aspx" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="HealthyChildren.org" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.healthychildren.org/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/images/hc_favicon_square.png" /><meta name="publish_date" content="2010-07-06"><meta name="publish_image" content="https://www.healthychildren.org/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/images/hc_favicon_square.png"><title> The Difference Between Identical and Fraternal Twins - HealthyChildren.org </title> <script type="text/javascript"> var _fV4UI = true; </script> <link rel="shortcut icon" 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href="/English" >Healthy Children</a> > <a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life" >Family Life</a> > <a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics" >Family Dynamics</a> > The Difference Between Identical and Fraternal Twins </div> </div> <div class="int-page-header"> <div class="page-section">Family Life </div> </div> <div class="layout-content">  <div class="article-social-container"> <div class="article-social-left"> <div class="reader-listen-container"> </div> </div> <div class="article-social-right">  <div class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons"></div>  </div> </div> <div id="read_content" class="fontScalerWrapper"> <h1 class="page-title">The Difference Between Identical and Fraternal Twins</h1> <div class="middle-bottom-wpz"> <div class="ms-webpart-zone ms-fullWidth"> <div id="MSOZoneCell_WebPartWPQ1" class="s4-wpcell-plain ms-webpartzone-cell ms-webpart-cell-vertical-inline-table ms-webpart-cell-vertical ms-fullWidth "> <div class="ms-hide "> <div class="ms-webpart-chrome-title" id="WebPartWPQ1_ChromeTitle"> <span title="(Hidden) Content Editor - Allows authors to enter rich text content." id="WebPartTitleWPQ1" class="js-webpart-titleCell"><h2 style="text-align:justify;" class="ms-webpart-titleText"><nobr><span>‭(Hidden)‬ Content Editor</span><span id="WebPartCaptionWPQ1"></span></nobr></h2></span> </div><div WebPartID="ea64f70b-50e3-4349-a22b-73cecf2f0ec6" HasPers="false" id="WebPartWPQ1" width="100%" class="ms-WPBody ms-WPBorder ms-wpContentDivSpace " allowDelete="false" style="" ><div class="ms-rtestate-field"><script type="text/javascript"> window.__lo_site_id = 174320; (function() { var wa = document.createElement('script'); wa.type = 'text/javascript'; wa.async = true; wa.src = 'https://d10lpsik1i8c69.cloudfront.net/w.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(wa, s); })(); </script> <br/></div><div class="ms-clear"></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_EditModePanel1"> <div class="article-image"> <span class="img-desktop-responsive"> </span> <span class="img-mobile-responsive print-no"> </span> </div> </div> <div> <div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_ctl00_label" style='display:none'>Page Content</div><div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_ctl00__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_cphPageContent_ctl00_label"></div> <div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_PublishingPageContentField_label" style='display:none'>Article Body</div><div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_PublishingPageContentField__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_cphPageContent_PublishingPageContentField_label"><p>Because fraternal, or dizygotic, twins are 2 separate fertilized eggs, they usually develop 2 separate amniotic sacs, placentas, and supporting structures. Identical, or monozygotic, twins may or may not share the same amniotic sac, depending on how early the single fertilized egg divides into 2.</p> <p>If twins are a boy and a girl, clearly they are fraternal twins, as they do not have the same DNA. A boy has XY chromosomes and a girl has XX chromosomes. Girl-boy twins occur when one X egg is fertilized with an X sperm, and a Y sperm fertilizes the other X egg.</p> <p>Sometimes health care professionals identify same-sex twins as fraternal or identical based on ultrasound findings or by examining the membranes at the time of delivery. The best way to determine if twins are identical or fraternal is by examining each child’s DNA. Occasionally a family is told that their twins are fraternal based on placenta findings, when they are in fact identical. Other times, a family may see the minor differences in identical twins and declare the twins fraternal based on these differences in appearance. There are a few commercial laboratories that, for a fee, will send families DNA collection kits to determine if the twins are identical or fraternal. The families swab the insides of each child’s cheek for a DNA sample and send the kit back to the laboratory to await results.</p> <p>Identical twins have the same DNA; however, they may not look exactly identical to one another because of environmental factors such as womb position and life experiences after being born. Our family joke about one of our twin’s stitches for a lacerated upper lip was that he wanted to distinguish himself from his identical twin brother! In addition to life’s bumps, bruises, and differing hairstyles, a child’s DNA is constantly adapting to that child’s experiences. Different stretches of one’s DNA can turn on or off in response to environmental surroundings—therefore, over time, a pair of identical twins’ DNA becomes more and more distinctive. All twins, whether fraternal or identical, are truly 2 separate, unique individuals.</p></div> <dl id="ctl00_cphPageContent_dlAuthor" class="article-details"> <dt><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblArticleAuthor">Author</span></dt> <dd><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblAuthor">Shelly Vaziri Flais, MD, FAAP</span></dd> </dl> <dl id="ctl00_cphPageContent_dlLastUpdated" class="article-details"> <dt><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblLastUpdated">Last Updated</span></dt> <dd><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblDate">11/7/2019</span></dd> </dl> <dl id="ctl00_cphPageContent_dlSource" class="article-details"> <dt><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblArticleSource">Source</span></dt> <dd><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblSource">Raising Twins: From Pregnancy to Preschool (Copyright © 2010 American Academy of Pediatrics)</span></dd> </dl> <div class="disclaimer"> <span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblDisclaimer">The information contained on this Web site should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. 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