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stability</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: political stability"> <meta name="keywords" content="political stability"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="political stability"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5828</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: political stability</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5828</span> Mathematical Model for Defection between Two Political Parties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullahi%20Mohammed%20Auwal">Abdullahi Mohammed Auwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Formation and change or decamping from one political party to another have now become a common trend in Nigeria. Many of the parties’ members who could not secure positions and or win elections in their parties or are not very much satisfied with the trends occurring in the party’s internal democratic principles and mechanisms, change their respective parties. This paper developed/presented and analyzed the used of non linear mathematical model for defections between two political parties using epidemiological approach. The whole population was assumed to be a constant and homogeneously mixed. Equilibria have been analytically obtained and their local and global stability discussed. Conditions for the co-existence of both the political parties have been determined, in the study of defections between People Democratic Party (PDP) and All Progressive Congress (APC) in Nigeria using numerical simulations to support the analytical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title="model">model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20parties" title=" political parties"> political parties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deffection" title=" deffection"> deffection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title=" equilibrium"> equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21382/mathematical-model-for-defection-between-two-political-parties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">638</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5827</span> A Single Country Comparative Contextual Description Study of the Executive Authorities in Austria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryl%20Abigail%20Lucasan">Meryl Abigail Lucasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research paper is to present a Single Country Comparative Contextual Description Study of the Executive Authorities in Austria, focusing with the Federal President, Cabinet members (Federal Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor and the other Federal Ministers) and the State Government. In this paper, the roles and powers of the executive authorities of Austria will be enumerated and explained; and the behavior of the executive authorities of Austria will be described in detail. In addition, the researcher will provide a survey that was answered by an Austrian citizen through electronic mail to gain more concrete information about the current political condition in Austria. Based on research, Austria has a remarkable political stability. This paper will develop a conceptual framework or a sample paradigm to represent the political system in Austria, focusing on its states and Executive Authorities in achieving political stability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Austrian%20politics" title="Austrian politics">Austrian politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20branch%20of%20the%20government" title=" executive branch of the government"> executive branch of the government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=federal%20government" title=" federal government"> federal government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability" title=" political stability"> political stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40144/a-single-country-comparative-contextual-description-study-of-the-executive-authorities-in-austria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5826</span> Assessment of Print Media Contribution to the Political Development of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majority%20Oji">Majority Oji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The print media played a major role in the agitation for self-rule in Nigeria in the 1950s. It remains as a bastion of hope in the dark days of military rule in the country. But in the troubled waters of Nigeria’s politics, accusing fingers are pointed in the direction of the print media as problematic to the political development of the nation. Thus, Nigeria as a nation is torn between the paralyzing forces of political instability and the building powers of political stability. The press assigned a constitutional role to hold everyone, especially government officials accountable to the public, appears to be at the center of these forays. The paper takes a look at the strength and weakness of the print media as a stabilizing or destabilizing agent to the political development of Nigeria. Engaging in this study is essential and the findings fundamental to the sustainability of Nigeria’s nascent democracy. The study draws on the content analysis method. News items from major newspapers across the country were content analyzed to test the validity of the claims that the press serve as agent of political stability or political instability, and whether to accept or reject such claims. The study found that the press has published more stories that unite the people politically as found in the tested hypothesis which shows that P>0.05 implying that media publications are not significant to political instability of the nation regardless of the number of published news stories. The study recommends that all issues relating to professional and ethical standards that affect the practice of journalism in the print media should be addressed by regulatory bodies to starve of chances of information that could lead to intolerance being peddled in the print media. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20instability" title=" political instability"> political instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability" title=" political stability"> political stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=print%20media" title=" print media"> print media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84217/assessment-of-print-media-contribution-to-the-political-development-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84217.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5825</span> International Conference on Islam and Democracy – Religion and Political Stability in Indonesia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariel%20Encar%20H.%20Uy">Mariel Encar H. Uy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Marie%20G.%20Pacle"> Paula Marie G. Pacle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to present a Single Country Comparative Contextual Description Study of Strong Islamic Influences in Relation to the Politics of Republic of Indonesia. This paper recognizes that even the coalition of secular and moderate Islamic parties protect the minority rights of all the constituents, Islam is still the dominant religion among the other recognized religions in Indonesia (Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism). In this study, it will also detail the involvement on the religions’ beliefs and techniques; participation of political actors, depending on what religion they belong and adhere to; the tensions whenever the government interferes with Islamists and other religions; the government’s solution or public policies implemented to maintain peace and order of Indonesia. This paper will develop a conceptual framework to describe how the Religion and Political Stability is interdependent with each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity%20of%20religion%20in%20indonesia" title="diversity of religion in indonesia">diversity of religion in indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secularization%20in%20Indonesia" title=" secularization in Indonesia"> secularization in Indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivations%20of%20political%20actors" title=" motivations of political actors"> motivations of political actors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voter%20turnouts%20based%20on%20religion" title=" voter turnouts based on religion"> voter turnouts based on religion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39061/international-conference-on-islam-and-democracy-religion-and-political-stability-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5824</span> Power-Sharing Politics: A Panacea to Conflict Resolution and Stability in Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Dangana%20Monday">Emmanuel Dangana Monday</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Africa as a continent has been ravaged and bedeviled by series of political conflicts associated with politics and power-sharing maneuvering. As a result it has become the most unstable continent in the world in terms of power distribution and stable political culture. This paper examines the efficacy of conscious and deliberate power-sharing strategies to settle or resolve political conflicts in Africa in the arrangements of creation of states, revenue and resources allocation, and office distribution systems. The study is concerned with the spatial impact of conflicts generated in some renowned African countries in which power-sharing would have been a solution. Ethno-regional elite groups are identified as the major actors in the struggles for the distribution of territorial, economic and political powers in Africa. The struggle for power has become so intense that it has degenerated to conflicts and wars of inter and intra-political classes and parties respectively. Secondary data and deductive techniques were used in data collection and analysis. It is discovered that power-sharing has become an indispensable tool to curb the incessant political and power crisis in Africa. It is one of the finest tolerable modality of mediating elite’ competition, since it reflects the interests of both the dominant and the perceived marginalized groups. The study recommends that countries and regions of political, ethnic and religious differences in Africa should employed power-sharing strategy in order to avoid unnecessary political tension and resultant crisis. Interest groups should always come to the negotiation table to reach a realistic, durable and expected compromise to secure a peacefully resolute Africa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power-sharing" title=" power-sharing"> power-sharing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflicts" title=" conflicts"> conflicts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics%20and%20political%20stability" title=" politics and political stability"> politics and political stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38521/power-sharing-politics-a-panacea-to-conflict-resolution-and-stability-in-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5823</span> Political Regimes, Political Stability and Debt Dependence in African Countries of Franc Zone: A Logistic Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nounamo%20Nguedie%20Yann%20Harold">Nounamo Nguedie Yann Harold</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The factors behind the debt have been the subject of several studies in the literature. Pioneering studies based on the 'double deficit' approach linked indebtedness to the imbalance between savings and investment, the budget deficit and the current account deficit. Most studies on identifying factors that may stimulate or reduce the level of external public debt agree that the following variables are important explanatory variables in leveraging debt: the budget deficit, trade opening, current account and exchange rate, import, export, interest rate, term variation exchange rate, economic growth rate and debt service, capital flight, and over-indebtedness. Few studies addressed the impact of political factors on the level of external debt. In general, however, the IMF's stabilization programs in developing countries following the debt crisis have resulted in economic recession and the advent of political crises that have resulted in changes in governments. In this sense, political institutions are recognised as factors of accumulation of external debt in most developing countries. This paper assesses the role of political factors on the external debt level of African countries in the Franc Zone over the period 1985-2016. Data used come from World Bank and ICRG. Using a logit in panel, the results show that the more a country is politically stable, the lower the external debt compared to the gross domestic product. Political stability multiplies 1.18% the chances of being in the sustainable debt zone. For example, countries with good political institutions experience less severe external debt burdens than countries with bad political institutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20countries" title="African countries">African countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20debt" title=" external debt"> external debt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franc%20Zone" title=" Franc Zone"> Franc Zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20factors" title=" political factors"> political factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86865/political-regimes-political-stability-and-debt-dependence-in-african-countries-of-franc-zone-a-logistic-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5822</span> A Model to Assist Military Mission Planners in Identifying and Assessing Variables Impacting Food Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lynndee%20Kemmet">Lynndee Kemmet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The U.S. military plays an increasing role in supporting political stability efforts, and this includes efforts to prevent the food insecurity that can trigger political and social instability. This paper presents a model that assists military commanders in identifying variables that impact food production and distribution in their areas of operation (AO), in identifying connections between variables and in assessing the impacts of those variables on food production and distribution. Through use of the model, military units can better target their data collection efforts and can categorize and analyze data within the data categorization framework most widely-used by military forces—PMESII-PT (Political, Military, Economic, Infrastructure, Information, Physical Environment and Time). The model provides flexibility of analysis in that commanders can target analysis to be highly focused on a specific PMESII-PT domain or variable or conduct analysis across multiple PMESII-PT domains. The model is also designed to assist commanders in mapping food systems in their AOs and then identifying components of those systems that must be strengthened or protected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title="food security">food security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20system%20model" title=" food system model"> food system model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability" title=" political stability"> political stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=US%20Military" title=" US Military"> US Military</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76171/a-model-to-assist-military-mission-planners-in-identifying-and-assessing-variables-impacting-food-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5821</span> Electability of Stable Insiders’ Coalition Governments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tryphon%20Kollintzas">Tryphon Kollintzas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lambros%20Pechlivanos"> Lambros Pechlivanos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we formulate a general equilibrium theory that explains the existence and stability of democratically elected governments that support certain groups of individuals in society (insiders) to the detriment of everybody else (outsiders), even if the latter constitute a majority. The vehicle is a dynamic general equilibrium model, where insiders get monopoly rents and outsiders get less than what they would have gotten under a common good regime. We construct such political economy equilibria, and we identify the conditions under which such political regimes (coalitions of insiders): (a) can safeguard against opportunistic behavior (i.e., do not fall from within) and (b) may come to power in the first place (i.e., manage to get elected). To that end, we highlight the role of perception manipulation and self-serving bias as a gluing device to garner an electable coalition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insiders" title="insiders">insiders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coalition%20governments" title=" coalition governments"> coalition governments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electability" title=" electability"> electability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politico-economic%20equilibrium" title=" politico-economic equilibrium"> politico-economic equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions%20manipulation" title=" perceptions manipulation"> perceptions manipulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175661/electability-of-stable-insiders-coalition-governments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175661.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5820</span> Conduits of Political Corruption and Patronage in South African Government</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandiso%20Mahlala">Sandiso Mahlala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fulufhelo%20Netswera"> Fulufhelo Netswera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anecdotes of corruption and clear-cut lines of patronage in political parties and the government are frequently featured in South African newspapers and news media. Such graft and favouritism have institutionalised themselves more and more, resulting in the phenomenon of governmental capture and the diversion of Covid-19 relief monies. In order to further their own interests, political elites and those working in the public and private sectors influenced government decisions in this way. This paper presents examples of state capture, Covid-19 corruption, and patronage, as well as how these have a negative impact on broader governance and society at large. The fact that such corruption and patronage are occurring at a time when the South African economy is stagnating is particularly troubling since it implies that more people are getting less and raises concerns about the country's future political stability. This article further examines how party patronage as one method by which political parties exploit the state. The conceptual nature of the study is supported by a survey of the relevant literature from a range of sources, such as government regulations, media excepts, and scholarly works. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20corruption" title="political corruption">political corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20patronage" title=" political patronage"> political patronage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patronage" title=" patronage"> patronage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20capture" title=" state capture"> state capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title=" corruption"> corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163057/conduits-of-political-corruption-and-patronage-in-south-african-government" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5819</span> Challenges of Effective Management in Tetiary Institutions in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Oga%20Egboja">Simon Oga Egboja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agi%20Sunday"> Agi Sunday</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The government of Nigeria have invested so much in our tertiary education but the desire qualitative goals and objectives are yet to be achieved because management at all level are not efficient and effective in implementing the desired educational policies and programmes due to some management challenges. This paper investigates some of the major challenges to effective management of tertiary institution in Nigeria some variable that are important to effective management includes political stability, adequate funding, establishment of information system, recruitment and appointment of qualified teachers and condition of service. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20management%20includes%20political%20stability" title="effective management includes political stability">effective management includes political stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adequate%20funding" title=" adequate funding"> adequate funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=establishment%20of%20information%20system" title=" establishment of information system"> establishment of information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recruitment%20and%20appointment%20of%20qualified%20teachers" title=" recruitment and appointment of qualified teachers"> recruitment and appointment of qualified teachers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48768/challenges-of-effective-management-in-tetiary-institutions-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5818</span> A Survey on Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Hakimi-Moghaddam">Mojtaba Hakimi-Moghaddam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion is a powerful approach to determine stability of linear time invariant systems. On the other hand, applying this criterion to characteristic equation of a system, whose stability or marginal stability can be determined. Although the command roots (.) of MATLAB software can be easily used to determine the roots of a polynomial, the characteristic equation of closed loop system usually includes parameters, so software cannot handle it; however, Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion results the region of parameter changes where the stability is guaranteed. Moreover, this criterion has been extended to characterize the stability of interval polynomials as well as fractional-order polynomials. Furthermore, it can help us to design stable and minimum-phase controllers. In this paper, theory and application of this criterion will be reviewed. Also, several illustrative examples are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hurwitz%20polynomials" title="Hurwitz polynomials">Hurwitz polynomials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Routh-Hurwitz%20stability%20criterion" title=" Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion"> Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continued%20fraction%20expansion" title=" continued fraction expansion"> continued fraction expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pure%20imaginary%20roots" title=" pure imaginary roots"> pure imaginary roots</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72768/a-survey-on-routh-hurwitz-stability-criterion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5817</span> Stability of Power System with High Penetration of Wind Energy: A Comprehensive Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jignesh%20Patel">Jignesh Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satish%20K.%20Joshi"> Satish K. Joshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the literature review on the works done so far in the area of stability of power system with high penetration of Wind Power with other conventional power sources. Out of many problems, the voltage and frequency stability is of prime concern as it is directly related with the stable operation of power system. In this paper, different aspects of stability of power system, particularly voltage and frequency, Optimization of FACTS-Energy Storage devices is discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20singal%20stability" title="small singal stability">small singal stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20stability" title=" voltage stability"> voltage stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20stability" title=" frequency stability"> frequency stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LVRT" title=" LVRT"> LVRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20power" title=" wind power"> wind power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FACTS" title=" FACTS"> FACTS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15241/stability-of-power-system-with-high-penetration-of-wind-energy-a-comprehensive-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5816</span> Strict Stability of Fuzzy Differential Equations by Lyapunov Functions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Bayram%20G%C3%BCcen">Mustafa Bayram Gücen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Co%C5%9Fkun%20Yakar"> Coşkun Yakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we have investigated the strict stability of fuzzy differential systems and we compare the classical notion of strict stability criteria of ordinary differential equations and the notion of strict stability of fuzzy differential systems. In addition that, we present definitions of stability and strict stability of fuzzy differential equations and also we have some theorems and comparison results. Strict Stability is a different stability definition and this stability type can give us an information about the rate of decay of the solutions. Lyapunov’s second method is a standard technique used in the study of the qualitative behavior of fuzzy differential systems along with a comparison result that allows the prediction of behavior of a fuzzy differential system when the behavior of the null solution of a fuzzy comparison system is known. This method is a usefull for investigating strict stability of fuzzy systems. First of all, we present definitions and necessary background material. Secondly, we discuss and compare the differences between the classical notion of stability and the recent notion of strict stability. And then, we have a comparison result in which the stability properties of the null solution of the comparison system imply the corresponding stability properties of the fuzzy differential system. Consequently, we give the strict stability results and a comparison theorem. We have used Lyapunov second method and we have proved a comparison result with scalar differential equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20systems" title="fuzzy systems">fuzzy systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20differential%20equations" title=" fuzzy differential equations"> fuzzy differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20stability" title=" fuzzy stability"> fuzzy stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strict%20stability" title=" strict stability"> strict stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94432/strict-stability-of-fuzzy-differential-equations-by-lyapunov-functions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5815</span> Performance of the Strong Stability Method in the Univariate Classical Risk Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safia%20Hocine">Safia Hocine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zina%20Benouaret"> Zina Benouaret</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamil%20A%C2%A8%C4%B1ssani"> Djamil A¨ıssani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the performance of the strong stability method of the univariate classical risk model. We interest to the stability bounds established using two approaches. The first based on the strong stability method developed for a general Markov chains. The second approach based on the regenerative processes theory . By adopting an algorithmic procedure, we study the performance of the stability method in the case of exponential distribution claim amounts. After presenting numerically and graphically the stability bounds, an interpretation and comparison of the results have been done. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcov%20chain" title="Marcov chain">Marcov chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20process" title=" regenerative process"> regenerative process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20model" title=" risk model"> risk model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ruin%20probability" title=" ruin probability"> ruin probability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strong%20stability" title=" strong stability"> strong stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89002/performance-of-the-strong-stability-method-in-the-univariate-classical-risk-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5814</span> Determinants and Repercussions of International Migration in and Through Libya: Afield Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihab%20S.%20Jweida">Ihab S. Jweida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Libya is witnessing major shifts in international migration flows resulting frompolitical, economic, social, security and environmental reasons as a result of what it iswitnessing from the elements of a fragile state due to government division, politicalconflicts, security chaos and the spread of terrorist organizations, since the popularuprising in February 2011, which threatens economic, social and security stability andthen The political stability of the Mediterranean basin countries. Therefore, this studycame as a scientific research aimed at analyzing the role of political economy inexplaining international migration with application to the case of Libya during theperiod from 2011-2021. To achieve this objective, the researcher relied on the descriptive approach basedon qualitative and quantitative analysis to analyze studies, reports, and internationalmigration policies in Libya, and conducted an exploratory study based on a personalinterview questionnaire for (670) migrants present in the distribution areas in Libyaand (65) Libyan migrants, <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international" title="international">international</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libya" title=" Libya"> Libya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case" title=" case"> case</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165476/determinants-and-repercussions-of-international-migration-in-and-through-libya-afield-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5813</span> The Media, Language, and Political Stability in Nigeria: The Example of the Dog and the Baboon Politics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attahiru%20Sifawa%20Ahmad">Attahiru Sifawa Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The media; electronic, print, and social, is playing very significant roles towards promoting political awareness and stability of any nation. However, for the media to play its role effectively, a clear and sound grasp of the language of communication is necessary. Otherwise, there is the tendency of the media spreading wrong and, or, misinterpreted information to the public, capable of generating rancour and political instability. One such clear misinterpretation or misrepresentation of information was the Hausa metaphorical expression, Kare Jinni Biri Jinni quoted from the statement made by Rtd. General Muhammadu Buhari, sometimes in April, 2013, while addressing his supporters from Niger State. In the political presentation of the term Kare - Jini Biri – Jini, quoted and translated by many print media in Nigeria, it was interpreted to mean; ‘The Dog and the Baboon will be soaked in blood’, denoting bloodshed and declaration of war. However, the term Kare - jini Biri - Jini, literally; the Dog with blood and the Baboon with blood, or, the Dog is bleeding the Baboon is bleeding, or, both the Dog and the Baboon sustained injuries. It is a metaphorical expression denoting a hot competition, and serious struggle, between two competing parties that are closer in strength and stamina. The expression got its origin among the hunting communities in traditional Hausa Societies. From experience, it was always not easy to wrestle and hunt Baboon by the Hunter’s Dog. In many instances, it ended a futile exercise, and even at instances whereby the latter hunted the former, it would be after a serious struggle with both two sustaining injuries. This paper seeks to highlight the poverty of vocabulary, and poor grasp of Nigerian languages among Journalists and young citizens in the country. The paper, therefore, advocated for the retention and effective teaching of the indigenous languages in primary and secondary school’s curriculums in Nigeria. The paper equally analysed the political origin of the print media in Nigeria, how since its first appearance, the print Media is being assigned very important political role by political elites in the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baboon" title="Baboon">Baboon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dog" title=" dog"> dog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media" title=" media"> media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics" title=" politics "> politics </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55366/the-media-language-and-political-stability-in-nigeria-the-example-of-the-dog-and-the-baboon-politics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5812</span> Does Women Involvement in Politics Decrease Corruption? A Context Based Approach to the Corruption Rate Index of ASEAN Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Anne%20A.%20Godinez">Lu Anne A. Godinez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=May%20Claudine%20I.%20Gador"> May Claudine I. Gador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preacious%20G.%20Gumolon"> Preacious G. Gumolon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louiechi%20Von%20R.%20Mendoza"> Louiechi Von R. Mendoza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Bryan%20N.%20Moninio"> Neil Bryan N. Moninio </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gender equality and women empowerment is the third of eight Millennium Development Goals. Understanding corruption’s linkages to gender equality issues and how it impacts women’s empowerment is part of the broader process of advancing women’s rights and understanding the gender dimensions of democratic governance. Taking a long view of political (corruption index) and the social (women empowerment) dimension — a view from 2015 to 2030, a context based forecast was conducted to forecast the ASEAN corruption index in the next 15 years, answering the question: “Does women political involvement decrease corruption rate index of ASEAN countries in the next 15 years?” The study have established that there will be an increase women political involvement in the ASEAN countries in the next 15 years that will cause a drop on corruption rate index. There will be a significant decline on corruption rate index in 2030. This change entails reform not only in the political aspect of progress, but to the social aspect as well. Finally, the political aspect is increasing at a constant rate however a double or triple increase of the social aspect is seen to be the key solution for corruption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title="women">women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20political%20involvement" title=" women political involvement"> women political involvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title=" corruption"> corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20equity%20index" title=" gender equity index"> gender equity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20participation" title=" economic participation"> economic participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20attainment" title=" educational attainment"> educational attainment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20empowerment" title=" political empowerment"> political empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20corruption" title=" control of corruption"> control of corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulatory%20quality" title=" regulatory quality"> regulatory quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule%20of%20law" title=" rule of law"> rule of law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voice%20and%20accountability%20government%20effectiveness" title=" voice and accountability government effectiveness"> voice and accountability government effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability%20and%20corruption%20perception%20index" title=" political stability and corruption perception index"> political stability and corruption perception index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29740/does-women-involvement-in-politics-decrease-corruption-a-context-based-approach-to-the-corruption-rate-index-of-asean-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5811</span> The Impact of Political Events on National Archaeological Heritage and Tourism Industry: Study Case of Egypt after January 25th, 2011</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabry%20A.%20El%20Azazy">Sabry A. El Azazy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism plays an essential role in supporting the National Economy. Egypt was ranked as one of the most attractive touristic destinations worldwide. Tourism as a service sector affects political events and unstable conditions. Within the revolution of January 25th, 2011, tourism became below standards, and the archeological heritage sites were subject to threat. Because of the political tension and social instability, Egypt's tourism sector has drastically dropped. Currently, Egypt is working on overcoming the crisis caused by political unrest. However, it is expected to take a long time to get back to where it was, especially in terms of regaining the confidence of travelers in the country's ability to guarantee and maintain security and stability. Recently, many great projects have been done, such as; New Administrative Cairo Capital, New Suez Canal logistic project, New City of Al Alamin, New Grand Egyptian Museum, as well as other great projects that reflect positively on the tourism industry and archaeological heritage development in Egypt. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archaeology" title="archaeology">archaeology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archaeological%20heritage" title=" archaeological heritage"> archaeological heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attractions" title=" attractions"> attractions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20economy" title=" national economy"> national economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20events" title=" political events"> political events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=touristic%20destinations" title=" touristic destinations"> touristic destinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20industry" title=" tourism industry"> tourism industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112048/the-impact-of-political-events-on-national-archaeological-heritage-and-tourism-industry-study-case-of-egypt-after-january-25th-2011" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5810</span> Correlation Between Political Awareness and Political Participation for University Students: An Applied Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Mohamed%20Abd%20El%20Aal">Rana Mohamed Abd El Aal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This is an exploratory study that aims to answer the question of whether and to what extent the prevailing political culture with a special focus to the factor of political awareness for Egyptian university students is influential in shaping their participatory behavior; more precisely in four main Universities ;(Cairo University- BaniSwif University- BUE University- Suez Canal University). To ensure the validity of my results, I deployed a number of different data collection methods: the collection, analysis, integration of both quantitative and qualitative methods; for investigating two main hypothesis H1: There is a positive relation between the political awareness level and political participation for university students, H2: There is a positive relation between political values in the society and the level of political participation of university students. The study reveals that though the sample represented the portion of political science students in different Universities, the level of political awareness and political participation was low with a statistically significant relationship; also, the patterns of values in Egyptian culture affects significantly the level of participation in the different universities. Therefore; the study using SWOT analysis recommends some policies for increasing the level of awareness and integrating youth in the political process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20awareness" title="political awareness">political awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20participation" title=" political participation"> political participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civic%20culture" title=" civic culture"> civic culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizenship" title=" citizenship"> citizenship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egyptian%20universities" title="egyptian universities">egyptian universities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20knowledge" title=" political knowledge"> political knowledge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140273/correlation-between-political-awareness-and-political-participation-for-university-students-an-applied-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5809</span> Global Stability Of Nonlinear Itô Equations And N. V. Azbelev's W-method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arcady%20Ponosov.">Arcady Ponosov.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramazan%20Kadiev"> Ramazan Kadiev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The work studies the global moment stability of solutions of systems of nonlinear differential Itô equations with delays. A modified regularization method (W-method) for the analysis of various types of stability of such systems, based on the choice of the auxiliaryequations and applications of the theory of positive invertible matrices, is proposed and justified. Development of this method for deterministic functional differential equations is due to N.V. Azbelev and his students. Sufficient conditions for the moment stability of solutions in terms of the coefficients for sufficiently general as well as specific classes of Itô equations are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymptotic%20stability" title="asymptotic stability">asymptotic stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delay%20equations" title=" delay equations"> delay equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operator%20methods" title=" operator methods"> operator methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20noise" title=" stochastic noise"> stochastic noise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143260/global-stability-of-nonlinear-ito-equations-and-n-v-azbelevs-w-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5808</span> Thai’s Film after Political Crisis in October 14, 1973 and Political Crisis between 2005-2014</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pison%20Suwanpakdee">Pison Suwanpakdee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of presenting this article is to analyze between Thai’s film and Thai society in political crisis, to study the development and trend of the film which reflects society in Thailand from political crisis of 14 October 1973 and the present day political crisis using a comparative study of the two era, both the similarities and differences in the film reflects the society in an era of change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title="film">film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political" title=" political"> political</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neorealism" title=" neorealism"> neorealism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand "> Thailand </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10747/thais-film-after-political-crisis-in-october-14-1973-and-political-crisis-between-2005-2014" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5807</span> Sufficient Conditions for Exponential Stability of Stochastic Differential Equations with Non Trivial Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fakhreddin%20Abedi">Fakhreddin Abedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wah%20June%20Leong"> Wah June Leong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Exponential stability of stochastic differential equations with non trivial solutions is provided in terms of Lyapunov functions. The main result of this paper establishes that, under certain hypotheses for the dynamics f(.) and g(.), practical exponential stability in probability at the small neighborhood of the origin is equivalent to the existence of an appropriate Lyapunov function. Indeed, we establish exponential stability of stochastic differential equation when almost all the state trajectories are bounded and approach a sufficiently small neighborhood of the origin. We derive sufficient conditions for exponential stability of stochastic differential equations. Finally, we give a numerical example illustrating our results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20stability%20in%20probability" title="exponential stability in probability">exponential stability in probability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20differential%20equations" title=" stochastic differential equations"> stochastic differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20technique" title=" Lyapunov technique"> Lyapunov technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ito%27s%20formula" title=" Ito's formula"> Ito's formula</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184321/sufficient-conditions-for-exponential-stability-of-stochastic-differential-equations-with-non-trivial-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184321.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5806</span> The Correlation between Political Awareness and Political Participation for University Students’ “Applied Study”</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Mohamed">Rana Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite youth in Egypt were away from political life for a long time; they are able to make a tangible difference in political status. Purpose: This exploratory study aims to determine whether and how much the prevailing political culture influence participatory behavior with a special focus on political awareness factors among university students in Egypt. Methodology: The study employed several data collection methods to ensure the validity of the results, quantitative and qualitative, verifying the positive relationships between the levels of political awareness and political participation and between political values in society and the level of political participation among university students. For achieving the objectives of the paper in the light of the pool of available literature and data, the study adopts system analysis method to apply input-output and conversions associated with the phenomena of political participation to analyze the different factors that have an effect upon the prevailing political culture and the patterns of values in Egyptian society. Findings: The result reveals that the level of political awareness and political participation for students were low, with a statistically significant relationship. In addition, the patterns of values in Egyptian culture significantly influence the levels of student participation. Therefore, the study recommends formulating policies that aim to increase awareness levels and integrate youth into the political process. Originality/Value: The importance of the academic study stems from addressing one of the central issues in political science; this study measures the change in the Egyptian patterns of culture and values among university students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20awareness" title="political awareness">political awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20participation" title=" political participation"> political participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civic%20culture" title=" civic culture"> civic culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizenship" title=" citizenship"> citizenship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egyptian%20universities" title=" Egyptian universities"> Egyptian universities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20knowledge" title=" political knowledge"> political knowledge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140294/the-correlation-between-political-awareness-and-political-participation-for-university-students-applied-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5805</span> Neo-Realism in Thai’s Film after Political Crisis in October 14, 1973 and Political Crisis between 2005-2014 </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Pison">S. Pison</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of presenting this article is to analyze between Thai’s film and Thai society in political crisis, to study the development and trend of the film which reflects society in Thailand from political crisis of 14 October 1973 and the present day political crisis using a comparative study of the two era, both the similarities and differences in the film reflects the society in an era of change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title="film">film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political" title=" political"> political</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neo-realism" title=" neo-realism"> neo-realism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social" title=" social"> social</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand"> Thailand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8596/neo-realism-in-thais-film-after-political-crisis-in-october-14-1973-and-political-crisis-between-2005-2014" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5804</span> The Consequences of Regime Change in Iraq; Formation and Continuation of Geopolitical Crises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Asghar%20Sotoudeh">Ali Asghar Sotoudeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 and the subsequent regime change, internal conflicts between political and ethnic-religious groups have become a hallmark of Iraqi political dynamism. The most important manifestations of these conflicts are the Kurdish-central government conflicts, as well as fundamentalism since 2003. As a result, it seems not only US presence in Iraq under the pretext of fighting terrorism and expanding democracy has not had a positive effect on controlling fundamentalism and political stability in Iraq, but it has paved the way for the formation and continuation of geopolitical crises in the form of disputes over territory and sources of power. In this regard, given the importance of the study, the main purpose of this study is to examine the process of the impact of US regime-change policy on the formation and continuation of geopolitical crises in Iraq. The central question of this study is, what effect has the US regime change policy had on Iraq's domestic political processes? Findings show that regime change and subsequent imposed federalism have widened the gaps in Iraq's sectarian-ethnic system. As a result, the geopolitical crisis in the context of the dispute over geographical territory and sources of power between ethnic-religious groups has become the most important political dynamic in Iraq since the occupation. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical, and the data collection method is library and internet resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=united%20states" title=" united states"> united states</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolitical%20crisis" title=" geopolitical crisis"> geopolitical crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethno-religious%20conflict" title=" ethno-religious conflict"> ethno-religious conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20federalism" title=" political federalism"> political federalism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132763/the-consequences-of-regime-change-in-iraq-formation-and-continuation-of-geopolitical-crises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5803</span> Political Alienation and Corruption in Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mabroka%20B.%20Al-Werfalli">Mabroka B. Al-Werfalli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper looks at some aspects of Libya’s political culture relating to corruption and tries to map the links that bond political alienation to corruption. The subject was approached by surveying opinion. The study, of which culture of corruption was part, concerned the phenomena of political alienation in Libya. It was based on a survey conducted in winter 2001 and targeted a sample of 877 participants from the city of Benghazi. The questions were designed to determine the extent to which corruption is seen, by the Libyans, as a national problem. It also describes perceptions about levels, types and causes of corruption; trust in governmental institutions and senior officials of the State and assessments of anti-corruption regulations and actions taken by the regime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-corruption" title="anti-corruption">anti-corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title=" corruption"> corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture%20of%20corruption" title=" culture of corruption"> culture of corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participating%20in%20corruption" title=" participating in corruption"> participating in corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20alienation" title=" political alienation"> political alienation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20culture" title=" political culture"> political culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6579/political-alienation-and-corruption-in-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6579.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5802</span> An Innovative Non-Invasive Method To Improve The Stability Of Orthodontic Implants: A Pilot Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dr.">Dr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suchita%20Daokar"> Suchita Daokar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Successful orthodontic treatment has always relied on anchorage. The stability of the implants depends on bone quantity, mini-implant design, and placement conditions. Out of the various methods of gaining stability, Platelet concentrations are gaining popularity for various reasons. PRF is a minimally invasive method, and there are various studies that has shown its role in enhancing the stability of general implants. However, there is no literature found regarding the effect of PRF in enhancing the stability of the orthodontic implant. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and assess the efficacy of PRF on the stability of the orthodontic implant. Methods: The study comprised of 9 subjects aged above 18 years of age. The split mouth technique was used; Group A (where implants were coated before insertion) and group B (implant were normally inserted). The stability of the implant was measured using resonance frequency analysis at insertion (T0), 24 hours (T1), 2 weeks (T2), at 4 weeks (T3), at 6 weeks (T4), and 8 weeks (T5) after insertion. Result: Statistically significant findings were found when group A was compared to group B using ANOVA test (p<0.05). The stability of the implant of group A at each time interval was greater than group B. The implant stability was high at T0 and reduces at T2, and increasing through T3 to T5. The stability was highest at T5. Conclusion: A chairside, minimally invasive procedure ofPRF coating on implants have shown promising results in improving the stability of orthodontic implants and providing scope for future studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orthodontic%20implants" title="Orthodontic implants">Orthodontic implants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stablity" title=" stablity"> stablity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonance%20Frequency%20Analysis" title=" resonance Frequency Analysis"> resonance Frequency Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre" title=" pre"> pre</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140299/an-innovative-non-invasive-method-to-improve-the-stability-of-orthodontic-implants-a-pilot-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5801</span> On the Mathematical Modelling of Aggregative Stability of Disperse Systems </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnold%20M.%20Brener">Arnold M. Brener</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lesbek%20Tashimov"> Lesbek Tashimov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ablakim%20S.%20Muratov"> Ablakim S. Muratov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper deals with the special model for coagulation kernels which represents new control parameters in the Smoluchowski equation for binary aggregation. On the base of the model the new approach to evaluating aggregative stability of disperse systems has been submitted. With the help of this approach the simple estimates for aggregative stability of various types of hydrophilic nano-suspensions have been obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregative%20stability" title="aggregative stability">aggregative stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation%20kernels" title=" coagulation kernels"> coagulation kernels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disperse%20systems" title=" disperse systems"> disperse systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10336/on-the-mathematical-modelling-of-aggregative-stability-of-disperse-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5800</span> Terrorism: Definition, History and Different Approaches in the Analysis of Terrorism Phenomenon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabnam%20Dadparvar">Shabnam Dadparvar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laijin%20Shen"> Laijin Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Ravanbod"> Farzad Ravanbod</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, the political phenomenon of terrorism is considered as an effective factor on political, social, and economic changes. It has replaced the recognized political phenomena such as revolutions, wars (total war among two or more political units with distinct identities in the form of national states), coups d’état, insurgencies and etc. and has challenged political life in all its levels (sub national, national, and international political groups). In this paper by using descriptive-analytical method, the authors try to explain the spread of this political phenomenon across the world, its definition and types, also analyze different approaches to understand it. The authors believe that the Logical-Rational approach is the best way to explain and understand this phenomenon. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logical%20approach" title="logical approach">logical approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological-%20social%20approach" title=" psychological- social approach"> psychological- social approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20approach" title=" religious approach"> religious approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title=" terrorism"> terrorism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50701/terrorism-definition-history-and-different-approaches-in-the-analysis-of-terrorism-phenomenon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5799</span> Social Media as a Tool for Political Communication: A Case Study of India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srikanth%20Bade">Srikanth Bade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses how the usage of social media has altered certain discourses and communicated with the political institutions for major actions in Indian scenario. The advent of new technology in the form of social media has engrossed the general public to discuss in the open forum. How they promulgated their ideas into action is captured in this study. Moreover, these discourses happening in the social media is analyzed from certain philosophical traditions by adopting a framework. Hence, this paper analyses the role of social media in political communication and change the political discourse. Also, this paper tries to address the issue that whether the deliberation made through social media had indeed communicated the issue of political matters to the decision making authorities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20action%20and%20social%20capital" title="collective action and social capital">collective action and social capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20communication" title=" political communication"> political communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20discourse" title=" political discourse"> political discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119568/social-media-as-a-tool-for-political-communication-a-case-study-of-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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