Bureau of African Affairs - United States Department of State

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="msapplication-tap-highlight" content="no" /> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ebgaramond/v15/SlGFmQSNjdsmc35JDF1K5GRwUjcdlttVFm-rI7e8QL9wU6i1gmFJbvw.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v18/mem8YaGs126MiZpBA-UFWp0bf8pkAp6a.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer> var gtm4wp_datalayer_name = "dataLayer"; var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; </script>   <title>Bureau of African Affairs - United States Department of State</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Bureau of African Affairs - United States Department of State" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="United States Department of State" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-08-08T20:32:29+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="3722" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1237" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/","url":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/","name":"Bureau of African Affairs - United States Department of State","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://10.0.108.84/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859.jpg","datePublished":"2017-01-20T15:02:48+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-08T20:32:29+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859.jpg","width":3722,"height":1237,"caption":"Africa map on a globe - Image [shutterstock]"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.state.gov/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Bureaus","item":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Under Secretary for Political Affairs","item":"https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Bureau of African Affairs"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://10.0.108.84/#website","url":"https://10.0.108.84/","name":"United States Department of State","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://10.0.108.84/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//siteimproveanalytics.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//players.brightcove.net' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="United States Department of State » Feed" href="https://www.state.gov/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.state.gov/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #FFFFFF;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--black-pearl-2: #062135;--wp--preset--color--tarawera: #0A314D;--wp--preset--color--mine-shaft: #333333;--wp--preset--color--state-link: #4574A1;--wp--preset--color--khaki: #C1A783;--wp--preset--color--alizarin-crimson: #D01319;--wp--preset--color--gray-chateau: #8D98AA;--wp--preset--color--boulder: #767676;--wp--preset--color--iron: #E4E5E6;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-pearl-2-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black-pearl-2) !important;}.has-tarawera-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--tarawera) !important;}.has-mine-shaft-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--mine-shaft) !important;}.has-state-link-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--state-link) !important;}.has-khaki-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--khaki) !important;}.has-alizarin-crimson-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--alizarin-crimson) !important;}.has-gray-chateau-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--gray-chateau) !important;}.has-boulder-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--boulder) !important;}.has-iron-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--iron) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-pearl-2-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black-pearl-2) !important;}.has-tarawera-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--tarawera) !important;}.has-mine-shaft-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--mine-shaft) !important;}.has-state-link-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--state-link) !important;}.has-khaki-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--khaki) !important;}.has-alizarin-crimson-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--alizarin-crimson) !important;}.has-gray-chateau-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--gray-chateau) !important;}.has-boulder-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--boulder) !important;}.has-iron-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--iron) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-pearl-2-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black-pearl-2) !important;}.has-tarawera-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--tarawera) !important;}.has-mine-shaft-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--mine-shaft) !important;}.has-state-link-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--state-link) !important;}.has-khaki-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--khaki) !important;}.has-alizarin-crimson-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--alizarin-crimson) !important;}.has-gray-chateau-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--gray-chateau) !important;}.has-boulder-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--boulder) !important;}.has-iron-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--iron) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wmpci-public-style-css' href='https://www.state.gov/wp-content/plugins/wp-modal-popup-with-cookie-integration/assets/css/wmpci-public.css?ver=2.4' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='//use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.5.1/css/all.css?ver=1731960698' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='preconnect stylesheet' id='state-google-fonts-css' href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=EB+Garamond%3Aitalic%2Cbold%2C200%2C400%2C500%2C600%2C700%7COpen+Sans%3Aitalic%2Cbold%2C200%2C400%2C500%2C600%2C700&ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' crossorigin /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='state-style-css' href='https://www.state.gov/wp-content/themes/state/css/state.min.css?ver=1731960698' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_formsmain_css-css' href='https://www.state.gov/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formsmain.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='brightcove-pip-css-css' href='https://players.brightcove.net/videojs-pip/1/videojs-pip.css?ver=2.8.6' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='brightcove-playlist-css' href='https://www.state.gov/wp-content/plugins/brightcove-video-connect/assets/css/brightcove_playlist.min.css?ver=2.8.6' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="//siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_6290244.js" id="state-siteimp-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/mu-plugins/state/js/gutenberg-shared.js?ver=1731960537" id="gutenberg-shared-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-json/wp/v2/state_bureau/846" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.state.gov/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.state.gov/?p=846' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fbureaus-offices%2Funder-secretary-for-political-affairs%2Fbureau-of-african-affairs%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fbureaus-offices%2Funder-secretary-for-political-affairs%2Fbureau-of-african-affairs%2F&format=xml" />   <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer_content = {"pagePostType":"state_bureau","pagePostType2":"single-state_bureau","pagePostAuthor":"Maureen Thaivalappil"}; dataLayer.push( dataLayer_content ); </script> <script data-cfasync="false"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-T9WK49Q'); </script> <script data-cfasync="false"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MXSBRGGB'); </script> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-dos_seal-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-dos_seal-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-dos_seal-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-dos_seal-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) { .profile-card__wrapper .profile-card__image img { top: 63% !important; } } span.icon-svg, span.icon-svg svg { width: auto; } .wmpci-popup-wrp.splash { background: hsla( 217, 17%, 66%, 0.6 ); } .wmpci-popup-body { max-width: 750px; } .wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp { box-shadow: 0 0 17px 5px hsla(0, 0%, 12%, 0.2); padding: 0; } .nav__overlay { min-height: 0 !important; } .dos_popup_header { height: auto; width: 100%; } .wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp h2 { background: linear-gradient( to bottom, #062135 0, #062135 68px, #0a324c 68px, #0a324c 100% ); color: #fff !important; font-family: "EB Garamond", Times, Serif; font-size: 20px; height: 168px; margin-bottom: 60px !important; padding-top: 111px; position: relative; text-transform: uppercase; } .wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp h2 em { display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.25em; text-transform: none; } .wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp h2::before { background: center / contain no-repeat url('/wp-content/themes/state/images/state-favicon.png'); content: ''; display: block; height: 70px; left: 50%; position: absolute; top: 19px; transform: translateX( -50% ); width: 70px; } .wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp h4 { color: #0a314d !important; font-family: "EB Garamond", Times, Serif; font-size: 36px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 42px; margin-bottom:30px; } .dos_popup_copy { color: #333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, Sans-Serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -0.25px; line-height: 28px; margin: 40px auto 50px !important; width: 80%; } .dos_popup_close { border: 3px #D11F27 solid; color: #0a314d; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, Sans-Serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; height: 72px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; margin: 0 auto 30px; padding: 10px 20px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; } .dos_popup_close:hover { color: #8d98aa; } .dos_popup_close::after { color: #d01319; margin-left: 10px; } .collection-result .collection-result-meta span { border-right: 2px solid #ccc; margin: 20px 15px 0 0; padding-right: 15px; } .collection-result .collection-result-meta span:last-child { border: 0; margin: 20px 0 0; padding: 0; } @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) { .collection-result .collection-result-meta span { white-space: nowrap; } } .collection-result-meta .divider { display: none; } .report-appendices .appendix__contents ul ul li { padding-left: 20px; } .report-appendices .appendix__contents ol padding-inline-start: 40px; } .report-appendices .appendix__contents ol > li { padding-left: 0; margin-left: 30px; list-style: decimal; } .report-appendices .appendix__contents ol li { padding-left: 0; margin-left: 30px; list-style: decimal; } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) { .report-toc span.toc-hamburger { left: -50px; } } /* #post-14921 .collection-result-meta {display: none;} */ .supporting-content__column .card__image .crop_default img { height: 107%; } .front-page-policy-issues__wrapper .policy-issues__article a { word-wrap: anywhere; } .postid-167354 .bc_middle.collapse a:nth-child(n+2), .postid-167354 .bc_middle.collapse .bc_carat { display: none; } @media only screen and (max-width: 768px) { html .entry-content img.alignnone, html .entry-content img.aligncenter, html .entry-content img.alignright, html .entry-content img.alignleft, html .entry-content figure.alignnone, html .entry-content figure.aligncenter, html .entry-content figure.alignright, html .entry-content figure.alignleft { width: inherit !important; max-width: 100% !important; display: inherit !important; float: inherit; margin-left: unset; margin-right: unset; height: auto; } html body .entry-content img.alignleft, html .entry-content figure.alignleft { float: left; margin 20px 20px 20px 0 !important; margin-right: 20px !important; } html body .entry-content img.alignright, html .entry-content figure.alignright { float: right; margin 20px 0 20px 20px !important; margin-left: 20px !important; } /* .home .front-page-policy-issues__wrapper .policy-issues__article a { word-break: break-word; }*/ } .has-background-opacity-10 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) !important; } .has-background-opacity-20 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important; } .has-background-opacity-30 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) !important; } .has-background-opacity-40 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) !important; } .has-background-opacity-50 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) !important; } .has-background-opacity-60 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important; } .has-background-opacity-70 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7) !important; } .has-background-opacity-80 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important; } .has-background-opacity-90 { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9) !important; } .news-bar__list { z-index: 999999999; } .page-id-84379 .entry-content table { width: 100% !important; display: inline-table; } @media(max-width:767px) { .page-id-84379 .entry-content table { width: 95% !important; overflow: scroll; display: block; } .hide-on-mobile { display: none !important; } } .page-id-84379 .entry-content table td { padding: 16px 12px; } .page-id-84379 .entry-content { -ms-grid-column: 1; -ms-grid-column-span: 12; grid-column: 1/span 12; } body.page-template-collection-by-terms header .social_links_header .frame { margin-bottom: 0 !important; } html[lang=ar] main .has-text-align-right, html[lang=ar] main .wp-block-pullquote p { direction: rtl !important; } .dipnote-social-media .widget-area section.widget_custom-twitter-feeds-widget { max-height: 950px; } .dipnote-social-media aside { height: auto !important; } .state_trip_travel-template.postid-319779 .slick-dots { display: none; } .live_now_banner { background:#2d5f99; padding:10px 20px } .live_now_banner .live_message { display:block; text-indent:-16px; margin:0 auto; padding-left:16px; max-width:1200px } .live_now_banner .live_message a { color:#fff } .live_now_banner .live_message:before { color:#f0d21d; content:'\e911'; font-family:icomoon; font-size:9px; text-decoration:none; margin-right:3px; z-index:1 } .live_now_banner .live_title { font-size:14px; text-decoration:underline } @media(min-width:767px) { .home .front-page-hero { min-height: 608px; } } .home .video__iframe.hidden, .home .video__poster.hidden { display: block; } .addthis .at-icon-wrapper.at-share-btn.at-svc-email { display: none; } .entry-content .home-page-top-content-block .front-page-hero__subhead { color: #fff !important; font-family: EB Garamond,Times,Serif !important; font-size: 18pt !important; line-height: 22pt !important; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; } @media (min-width: 48em) { .entry-content .home-page-top-content-block .front-page-hero__subhead { font-family: EB Garamond,Times,Serif !important; font-size: 18pt !important; line-height: 22pt !important; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; } } .wp-container-2.wp-block-column span.supporting-content__title.stars-above.stars-above--centered { display: block; margin: 0 auto; } @media(max-width:767px) { #post-377338 .wp-container-4 { display: block; } #post-377338 .wp-container-6 { margin: 0; padding: 0; } #post-377338 div.wp-block-embed.alignright { padding-left: 0; float: none; max-width: 100%; margin-inline-start: 0; } } .state_bureau-template-default .tab-panel__content.js-tab-panel__content .classic-block-wrapper { display: contents !important; } /* .page-template-gutenberg-blank-template .entry-content p{ line-height:38px; } */ #open-report-filter { display: none; } @media only screen and (max-width: 600px) { body.page-id-428689 .site-content .entry-content .is-layout-flex { display: grid; } } .read-more-sub-titles{ margin-left:30px!important; } @media(max-width:767px) { .page-template-gutenberg-blank-template .entry-content h3.wp-block-heading { font-family: "EB Garamond", Times, Serif; display: inline-block; } .page-template-gutenberg-blank-template .entry-content h4.wp-block-heading, .page-template-gutenberg-blank-template .entry-content .header--four { display: inline-block; } } /* .wp-block-paragraph .has-text-align-left p { margin: 15px 0 0 !important; } */ /* .page-subnavigation__menu-trigger, .page-subnavigation a { padding: 7px 10px 10px; } */ .page-id-399057 .wp-block-columns.has-background.is-layout-flex.wp-container-12 .wp-block-column.is-layout-flow .wp-block-paragraph p, .page-id-398987 .wp-block-columns.alignfull.has-state-white-background-color.has-background.is-layout-flex.wp-container-5 .wp-block-paragraph p { margin: 15px 0 0 !important; } .page-id-399057.page-template-gutenberg-blank-template .entry-content .wp-block-paragraph p, .page-id-398987.page-template-gutenberg-blank-template .entry-content .has-text-align-center { margin: 0 auto !important; } .state_report .report .report__content .report__content__inner .section_wrapper { height: 100% !important; max-height: none !important; opacity: 1 !important; overflow: visible !important; transition: none !important; display: block !important; } .state_report .report-appendices .appendix .appendix__contents.accordion-section { height: auto !important; display: block !important; } .state_report .accordion-title span svg { display: none; } .state_report .report .report__content__inner .accordion-title, .state_report .report .report-appendices .accordion-title { pointer-events: none; } #cookie-notification { margin: 0 0 22px 0; } .error404 main ul li:nth-last-child(-n+2) { display: none; } .postid-297355 .entry-content .wp-block-image{ margin:30px 0; } .postid-297355 .wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-24.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-24{ margin: 30px 0; } .postid-297355 .wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-44.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-44{ margin:30px 0; } .postid-297355 .wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-30.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-30 { margin:30px 0; } .postid-297355 .wp-block-columns.alignfull { margin: 30px 0; } .page.page-child div.entry-content ol li a:hover { transform: none; } .page.page-child .entry-content ol li a { display: inline; } .state_report-template-default.single.single-state_report.postid-566477 .report__content__inner.entry-content p b { font-weight: normal !important; } .report__content__inner.entry-content div.section_body ul li:before { background: #0a314d; color: #0a314d; content: ""; display: block; height: .4em; left: 0; position: absolute; top: .6em; transform: rotate(45deg); width: .4em; } .report__content__inner.entry-content div.section_body > ul > li, .report__content__inner.entry-content div.section_body > ol > li { list-style: none; margin-top: 10px; padding-left: 30px; position: relative; } .post-559404 .report__content__inner.entry-content div.section_body ul li:before{ display:none; } .post-559404 .report__content__inner.entry-content div.section_body > ul > li, .report__content__inner.entry-content div.section_body > ol > li{ list-style-type: lower-roman; } </style>  <script async="async" type="text/javascript" src="https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=DOS" id="_fed_an_ua_tag"></script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-11238285267"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("config", "AW-11238285267"); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> ;(function (g) { var d = document, am = d.createElement("script"), h = d.head || d.getElementsByTagName("head")[0], fsr = "fsReady", aex = { "src": "/wp-content/themes/state/foresee_assets/js/gateway.min.js", "type": "text/javascript", "async": "true", "data-vendor": "fs", "data-mode": "selfhost", "data-environment": "production", "data-hasssl": "true", "data-client": "state-gov", "data-codelocation": "/wp-content/themes/state/foresee_assets/code/19.14.14-fs/", "data-isselfhosted": "true", "data-product-assets": "/wp-content/themes/state/foresee_assets/product_assets/", "data-role": "gateway" }; for (var attr in aex){am.setAttribute(attr, aex[attr]);}h.appendChild(am); g[fsr] || (g[fsr] = function () {var aT = "__" + fsr + "_stk__";g[aT] = g[aT] || [];g[aT].push(arguments);});})(window); </script> </head> <body class="state_bureau-template-default single single-state_bureau postid-846 wp-embed-responsive has-bureau-subnav class-name no-blocks">   <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T9WK49Q" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" aria-hidden="true"></iframe></noscript> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MXSBRGGB" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" aria-hidden="true"></iframe></noscript>  <div id="page" class="site "> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <div id="header_banner_container" class="header_banner_container" role="banner" aria-labelledby="header_banner_flag"> <span id="header_banner_flag" class="header_banner_flag">An official website of the United States Government <span class="accordion"><u>Here's how you know</u></span> <div class="panel"> <div class="panel_item"> <span class="dotgov"></span> <div class="header_banner_content"> <p><strong>Official websites use .gov</strong></p> A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </div> </div> <div class="panel_item"> <span class="https"></span> <div class="header_banner_content"> <p><strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong></p> A <strong>lock ( <span class="icon_lock"></span> )</strong> or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </div> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/themes/state/images/logos/Logo_Navy_M.png" as="image" /> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/themes/state/images/logos/Logo_White_M.png" as="image" /> <header id="masthead" class="site-header nav__main-header" role="application"> <div class="nav__utility-wrapper"> <div class="nav__utility-content"> <nav class="site-nav site-nav--utility nav__wrapper nav__utility"><ul id="menu-utility-menu" class="nav__utility-items"><li id="menu-item-7457" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7457"><a href="https://www.state.gov/newsroom/">Newsroom</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7458" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7458"><a href="https://www.state.gov/business/">Business</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7459" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7459"><a href="https://www.state.gov/employees/">Employees</a></li> <li id="menu-item-223980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-223980"><a href="https://www.state.gov/job-seekers/">Job Seekers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7461" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7461"><a href="https://www.state.gov/students/">Students</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7462" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7462"><a href="https://www.state.gov/travelers/">Travelers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-219296" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-219296"><a href="https://www.state.gov/visas/">Visas</a></li> </ul></nav> <div class="social_links_header"> <section class="module module--front-page-social-media front-page-social-media" aria-label="Social Media" role="group"> <div class="frame">  <a href="https://www.facebook.com/statedept" class="icon fab fa-facebook-f" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on Facebook"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a> <a href="https://x.com/StateDept" class="icon fab fa-twitter" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on X"><span class="screen-reader-text">X</span></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/statedept/" class="icon fab fa-instagram" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on Instagram"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/statevideo" class="icon fab fa-youtube" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on YouTube"><span class="screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/statephotos/" class="icon fab fa-flickr" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on Flickr"><span class="screen-reader-text">Flickr</span></a> <a href="https://www.state.gov/department-email-updates/" class="icon fas fa-envelope" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on GovDelivery"><span class="screen-reader-text">GovDelivery</span></a> </div> </section>  </div> </div> </div> <script> // Code to load the navigation without the temporarily blank navigation and page jumpiness -- mainly for desktop. if( window.jQuery ) { if ( jQuery(window).width() >= 975 ) { jQuery('.nav__utility').show(); jQuery('.site-nav--primary').appendTo('.nav__second-nav'); jQuery('.nav__primary-nav').appendTo('.nav__second-nav'); } if ( jQuery(window).width() < 975 ) { jQuery('.nav__utility').hide(); } } </script> <div class="nav__wrapper nav__second-nav" role="navigation"> <ul class="nav__header-buttons"> <li><a class="nav__nav-trigger" href="#nav__primary-nav">Menu<span></span></a></li> <li>  <a class="nav__logo" href="https://www.state.gov"><img src="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/themes/state/images/logos/Logo_Navy_M.png" aria-hidden="true" /><span class="screen-reader-text">State Department Home</span></a> </li> <li><button class="nav__search-trigger" type="button" role='button' name="search"><span>search</span></button></li> </ul>  <nav class="site-nav site-nav--primary nav__nav"><ul id="nav__primary-nav" class="nav__primary-nav is-fixed"><li class="nav__large-logo-wrapper menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home"><a href="https://www.state.gov/"><div class="nav__large-logo-img" style="background: url( https://www.state.gov/wp-content/themes/state/images/logos/Logo_Navy_XL.png) center no-repeat;background-size: contain;"><span class="screen-reader-text">State Department Home</span></div></a></li> <li class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom has-children" aria-label="Primary Navigation"><button>Policy Issues</button> <ul class="nav__secondary-nav is-hidden sub-menu"> <li class="nav__go-back"><button type="button">Back</button></li> <li class="nav__policies row"> <p class="nav__policies-header"><a href="/policy-issues/" class="nav__top-level-header-link">Policy <span class="nav__policies-header-decor">Issues</span></a></p> <div class="nav__policies-list scrollable-list"> <div class="nav__policies-list-items"> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Anti-Corruption and Transparency" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/anti-corruption-and-transparency/" class="" > Anti-Corruption and Transparency </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Arms Control and Nonproliferation" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/arms-control-and-nonproliferation/" class="" > Arms Control and Nonproliferation </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Artificial Intelligence (AI)" href="https://www.state.gov/artificial-intelligence/" class="" > Artificial Intelligence (AI) </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Climate and Environment" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/climate-and-environment/" class="" > Climate and Environment </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Climate Crisis" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/climate-crisis/" class="" > Climate Crisis </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Combating Drugs and Crime" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/combating-drugs-and-crime/" class="" > Combating Drugs and Crime </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Countering Terrorism" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/countering-terrorism/" class="" > Countering Terrorism </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="COVID-19 Response and Recovery" href="https://www.state.gov/covid-19-recovery/" class="" > COVID-19 Response and Recovery </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Cyber Issues" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/cyber-issues/" class="" > Cyber Issues </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Disarming Disinformation" href="https://www.state.gov/disarming-disinformation/" class="" > Disarming Disinformation </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Economic Prosperity and Trade Policy" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/economic-prosperity-and-trade-policy/" class="" > Economic Prosperity and Trade Policy </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Energy" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/energy/" class="" > Energy </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Global Health" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/global-health/" class="" > Global Health </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Global Women’s Issues" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/global-womens-issues/" class="" > Global Women’s Issues </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Holding Russia and Belarus to Account" href="https://www.state.gov/holding-russia-and-belarus-to-account/" class="" > Holding Russia and Belarus to Account </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Human Rights and Democracy" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/human-rights-and-democracy/" class="" > Human Rights and Democracy </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Human Trafficking" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/human-trafficking/" class="" > Human Trafficking </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="The Ocean and Polar Affairs" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/the-ocean-and-polar-affairs/" class="" > The Ocean and Polar Affairs </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Refugee and Humanitarian Assistance" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/refugee-and-humanitarian-assistance/" class="" > Refugee and Humanitarian Assistance </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Science, Technology, and Innovation" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/science-technology-and-innovation/" class="" > Science, Technology, and Innovation </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="Treaties and International Agreements" href="https://www.state.gov/policy-issues/treaties-and-international-agreements/" class="" > Treaties and International Agreements </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__policies-list-container"> <div class="nav__policies-list-item"> <a aria-label="United with Ukraine" href="https://www.state.gov/united-with-ukraine/" class="" > United with Ukraine </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom has-children js-chosen-trigger" aria-label="Primary Navigation"><button>Countries & Areas</button> <ul class="nav__secondary-nav is-hidden sub-menu"> <li class="nav__go-back"><button type="button">Back</button></a> <li class="nav__countries row"> <p class="nav__countries-header"><a href="/countries-and-areas-list/" class="nav__top-level-header-link">Countries & <span class="nav__countries-header-decor">Areas</span></a></p> <div class="nav__countries-content"> <label for="country-navigation">Search for country or area</label> <div class="chosen-container chosen-container-single chosen-with-drop chosen-container-active" title="" id="country_navigation_chosen" style="width: 100%;"><a class="chosen-single chosen-default"> <span>Select an Option</span> <div><b></b></div> </a> <div class="chosen-drop" style=""> <div class="chosen-search"><label for="country-search">Search for country or area</label> <input class="chosen-search-input" type="text" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Search for country or area" id="country-search"> </div> <div class="chosen-results is-hidden scrollable-list"> <span data-always-display="true" class="disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_a nav__countries-index">A</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/afghanistan/ aria-label="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/albania/ aria-label="Albania">Albania</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/algeria/ aria-label="Algeria">Algeria</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/andorra/ aria-label="Andorra">Andorra</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/angola/ aria-label="Angola">Angola</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/antigua-and-barbuda/ aria-label="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/argentina/ aria-label="Argentina">Argentina</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/armenia/ aria-label="Armenia">Armenia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/australia/ aria-label="Australia">Australia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/austria/ aria-label="Austria">Austria</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/azerbaijan/ aria-label="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_b nav__countries-index">B</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/bahamas/ aria-label="Bahamas, The">Bahamas, The</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/bahrain/ aria-label="Bahrain">Bahrain</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/bangladesh/ aria-label="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/barbados/ aria-label="Barbados">Barbados</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/belarus/ aria-label="Belarus">Belarus</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/belgium/ aria-label="Belgium">Belgium</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/belize/ aria-label="Belize">Belize</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/benin/ aria-label="Benin">Benin</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/bhutan/ aria-label="Bhutan">Bhutan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/bolivia/ aria-label="Bolivia">Bolivia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/bosnia-and-herzegovina/ aria-label="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/botswana/ aria-label="Botswana">Botswana</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/brazil/ aria-label="Brazil">Brazil</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/brunei/ aria-label="Brunei">Brunei</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/bulgaria/ aria-label="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/burkina-faso/ aria-label="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/burma/ aria-label="Burma">Burma</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/burundi/ aria-label="Burundi">Burundi</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_c nav__countries-index">C</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cabo-verde/ aria-label="Cabo Verde">Cabo Verde</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cambodia/ aria-label="Cambodia">Cambodia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cameroon/ aria-label="Cameroon">Cameroon</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/canada/ aria-label="Canada">Canada</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/central-african-republic/ aria-label="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/chad/ aria-label="Chad">Chad</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/chile/ aria-label="Chile">Chile</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/china/ aria-label="China">China</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/colombia/ aria-label="Colombia">Colombia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/comoros/ aria-label="Comoros">Comoros</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cook-islands/ aria-label="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/costa-rica/ aria-label="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/croatia/ aria-label="Croatia">Croatia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cuba/ aria-label="Cuba">Cuba</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cyprus/ aria-label="Cyprus">Cyprus</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/czechia/ aria-label="Czechia">Czechia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cote-divoire aria-label="Côte d’Ivoire">Côte d’Ivoire</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_d nav__countries-index">D</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/ aria-label="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/denmark/ aria-label="Denmark">Denmark</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/djibouti/ aria-label="Djibouti">Djibouti</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/dominica/ aria-label="Dominica">Dominica</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/dominican-republic/ aria-label="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_e nav__countries-index">E</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/ecuador/ aria-label="Ecuador">Ecuador</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/egypt/ aria-label="Egypt">Egypt</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/el-salvador/ aria-label="El Salvador">El Salvador</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/equatorial-guinea/ aria-label="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/eritrea/ aria-label="Eritrea">Eritrea</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/estonia/ aria-label="Estonia">Estonia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/eswatini/ aria-label="Eswatini">Eswatini</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/ethiopia/ aria-label="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_f nav__countries-index">F</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/fiji/ aria-label="Fiji">Fiji</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/finland/ aria-label="Finland">Finland</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/france/ aria-label="France">France</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_g nav__countries-index">G</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/gabon/ aria-label="Gabon">Gabon</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/gambia/ aria-label="Gambia, The">Gambia, The</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/georgia/ aria-label="Georgia">Georgia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/germany/ aria-label="Germany">Germany</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/ghana/ aria-label="Ghana">Ghana</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/greece/ aria-label="Greece">Greece</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/grenada/ aria-label="Grenada">Grenada</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/guatemala/ aria-label="Guatemala">Guatemala</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/guinea/ aria-label="Guinea">Guinea</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/guinea-bissau/ aria-label="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/guyana/ aria-label="Guyana">Guyana</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_h nav__countries-index">H</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/haiti/ aria-label="Haiti">Haiti</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/holy-see/ aria-label="Holy See">Holy See</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/honduras/ aria-label="Honduras">Honduras</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/hungary/ aria-label="Hungary">Hungary</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_i nav__countries-index">I</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/iceland/ aria-label="Iceland">Iceland</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/india/ aria-label="India">India</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/indonesia/ aria-label="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/iran/ aria-label="Iran">Iran</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/iraq/ aria-label="Iraq">Iraq</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/ireland/ aria-label="Ireland">Ireland</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/israel/ aria-label="Israel">Israel</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/italy/ aria-label="Italy">Italy</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_j nav__countries-index">J</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/jamaica/ aria-label="Jamaica">Jamaica</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/japan/ aria-label="Japan">Japan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/jordan/ aria-label="Jordan">Jordan</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_k nav__countries-index">K</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/kazakhstan/ aria-label="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/kenya/ aria-label="Kenya">Kenya</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/kiribati/ aria-label="Kiribati">Kiribati</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/kosovo/ aria-label="Kosovo">Kosovo</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/kuwait/ aria-label="Kuwait">Kuwait</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/kyrgyzstan/ aria-label="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_l nav__countries-index">L</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/laos/ aria-label="Laos">Laos</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/latvia/ aria-label="Latvia">Latvia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/lebanon/ aria-label="Lebanon">Lebanon</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/lesotho/ aria-label="Lesotho">Lesotho</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/liberia/ aria-label="Liberia">Liberia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/libya/ aria-label="Libya">Libya</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/liechtenstein/ aria-label="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/lithuania/ aria-label="Lithuania">Lithuania</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/luxembourg/ aria-label="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_m nav__countries-index">M</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/madagascar/ aria-label="Madagascar">Madagascar</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/malawi/ aria-label="Malawi">Malawi</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/malaysia/ aria-label="Malaysia">Malaysia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/maldives/ aria-label="Maldives">Maldives</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mali/ aria-label="Mali">Mali</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/malta/ aria-label="Malta">Malta</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/marshall-islands/ aria-label="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mauritania/ aria-label="Mauritania">Mauritania</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mauritius/ aria-label="Mauritius">Mauritius</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mexico/ aria-label="Mexico">Mexico</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/micronesia/ aria-label="Micronesia">Micronesia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/moldova/ aria-label="Moldova">Moldova</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/monaco/ aria-label="Monaco">Monaco</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mongolia/ aria-label="Mongolia">Mongolia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/montenegro/ aria-label="Montenegro">Montenegro</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/morocco/ aria-label="Morocco">Morocco</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mozambique/ aria-label="Mozambique">Mozambique</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_n nav__countries-index">N</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/namibia/ aria-label="Namibia">Namibia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nauru/ aria-label="Nauru">Nauru</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nepal/ aria-label="Nepal">Nepal</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/netherlands/ aria-label="Netherlands">Netherlands</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/new-zealand/ aria-label="New Zealand">New Zealand</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nicaragua/ aria-label="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/niger/ aria-label="Niger">Niger</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nigeria/ aria-label="Nigeria">Nigeria</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/niue/ aria-label="Niue">Niue</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/north-korea/ aria-label="North Korea">North Korea</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/north-macedonia/ aria-label="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/norway/ aria-label="Norway">Norway</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_o nav__countries-index">O</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/oman/ aria-label="Oman">Oman</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_p nav__countries-index">P</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/pakistan/ aria-label="Pakistan">Pakistan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/palau/ aria-label="Palau">Palau</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/palestinian-territories/ aria-label="Palestinian Territories">Palestinian Territories</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/panama/ aria-label="Panama">Panama</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/papua-new-guinea/ aria-label="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/paraguay/ aria-label="Paraguay">Paraguay</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/peru/ aria-label="Peru">Peru</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/philippines/ aria-label="Philippines">Philippines</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/poland/ aria-label="Poland">Poland</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/portugal/ aria-label="Portugal">Portugal</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_q nav__countries-index">Q</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/qatar/ aria-label="Qatar">Qatar</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_r nav__countries-index">R</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/republic-of-the-congo/ aria-label="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/romania/ aria-label="Romania">Romania</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/russia/ aria-label="Russia">Russia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/rwanda/ aria-label="Rwanda">Rwanda</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_s nav__countries-index">S</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/saint-kitts-and-nevis/ aria-label="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/saint-lucia/ aria-label="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/saint-vincent-and-the-grenadines/ aria-label="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/samoa/ aria-label="Samoa">Samoa</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/san-marino/ aria-label="San Marino">San Marino</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sao-tome-and-principe/ aria-label="Sao Tome and Principe">Sao Tome and Principe</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/saudi-arabia/ aria-label="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/senegal/ aria-label="Senegal">Senegal</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/serbia/ aria-label="Serbia">Serbia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/seychelles/ aria-label="Seychelles">Seychelles</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sierra-leone/ aria-label="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/singapore/ aria-label="Singapore">Singapore</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/slovakia/ aria-label="Slovakia">Slovakia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/slovenia/ aria-label="Slovenia">Slovenia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/solomon-islands/ aria-label="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/somalia/ aria-label="Somalia">Somalia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/south-africa/ aria-label="South Africa">South Africa</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/south-korea/ aria-label="South Korea">South Korea</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/south-sudan/ aria-label="South Sudan">South Sudan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/spain/ aria-label="Spain">Spain</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sri-lanka/ aria-label="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sudan/ aria-label="Sudan">Sudan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/suriname/ aria-label="Suriname">Suriname</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sweden/ aria-label="Sweden">Sweden</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/switzerland/ aria-label="Switzerland">Switzerland</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/syria/ aria-label="Syria">Syria</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_t nav__countries-index">T</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/taiwan/ aria-label="Taiwan">Taiwan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/tajikistan/ aria-label="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/tanzania/ aria-label="Tanzania">Tanzania</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/thailand/ aria-label="Thailand">Thailand</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/timor-leste/ aria-label="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/togo/ aria-label="Togo">Togo</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/tonga/ aria-label="Tonga">Tonga</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/trinidad-and-tobago/ aria-label="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/tunisia/ aria-label="Tunisia">Tunisia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/turkey/ aria-label="Turkey (Türkiye)">Turkey (Türkiye)</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/turkmenistan/ aria-label="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/tuvalu/ aria-label="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_u nav__countries-index">U</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/uganda/ aria-label="Uganda">Uganda</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/ukraine/ aria-label="Ukraine">Ukraine</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/united-arab-emirates/ aria-label="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/united-kingdom/ aria-label="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/uruguay/ aria-label="Uruguay">Uruguay</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/uzbekistan/ aria-label="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_v nav__countries-index">V</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/vanuatu/ aria-label="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/venezuela/ aria-label="Venezuela">Venezuela</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/vietnam/ aria-label="Vietnam">Vietnam</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_y nav__countries-index">Y</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/yemen/ aria-label="Yemen">Yemen</a><span data-always-display="true" class="nav__countries_letter_top disabled-result nav__countries_letter nav__countries_z nav__countries-index">Z</span><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/zambia/ aria-label="Zambia">Zambia</a><a class="noindent" href=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/zimbabwe/ aria-label="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> </div> </a> </ul> </li> <li class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom has-children" aria-label="Primary Navigation"><button>Bureaus & Offices</button> <ul class="nav__secondary-nav is-hidden"> <li class="nav__go-back"><button type="button">Back</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices row"> <p class="nav__bureaus-offices-header js-panel-header"><a href="/bureaus-and-offices-list/" class="nav__top-level-header-link">Bureaus & <span class="nav__bureaus-offices-header-decor">Offices</span></a></p> <div class="nav__bureaus-offices-content"> <div class="nav__bureaus-offices-content-container scrollable-list"> <ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-list"> <li class="has-children"><button type="button">The Secretary of State</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">The Secretary of State</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/secretary/">The Secretary of State</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/bureau-of-global-health-security-and-diplomacy/">Bureau of Global Health Security and Diplomacy</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/bureau-of-intelligence-and-research/">Bureau of Intelligence and Research</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/bureau-of-legislative-affairs/">Bureau of Legislative Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/counselor-of-the-department/">Counselor of the Department</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/executive-secretariat/">Executive Secretariat</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-chief-of-protocol/">Office of the Chief of Protocol</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-civil-rights/">Office of Civil Rights</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-diversity-and-inclusion/">Office of Diversity and Inclusion</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-global-womens-issues">Office of Global Women’s Issues</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-aukus-senior-advisor/">Office of the AUKUS Senior Advisor</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-legal-adviser/">Office of the Legal Adviser</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-ombuds/">Office of the Ombuds</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-special-envoy-for-critical-and-emerging-technology/">Office of the Special Envoy for Critical and Emerging Technology</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-u-s-special-coordinator-for-the-partnership-for-global-infrastructure-and-investment/">Office of the U.S. Special Coordinator for the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-u-s-special-presidential-envoy-for-climate/">Office of the U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/policy-planning-staff/">Policy Planning Staff</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/special-envoy-for-iran/">Special Envoy for Iran</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/special-presidential-envoy-for-hostage-affairs/">Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-secretarys-special-representative-for-syria-engagement/">Special Representative for Syria Engagement</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/special-representative-for-venezuela/">Special Representative for Venezuela</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/united-states-security-coordinator-for-israel-and-the-palestinian-authority/">U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority</a></li> </ul></li><li class="has-children"><button type="button">Deputy Secretaries of State</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">Deputy Secretaries of State</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/deputy-secretary-of-state/">Deputy Secretary of State</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/deputy-secretary-of-state/bureau-of-cyberspace-and-digital-policy/">Bureau of Cyberspace and Digital Policy</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/deputy-secretary-of-state/office-of-the-u-s-coordinator-for-the-arctic-region/">Office of the Ambassador-at-Large for Arctic Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/deputy-secretary-of-state-for-management-and-resources/">Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-foreign-assistance/">Office of Foreign Assistance</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/office-of-small-and-disadvantaged-business-utilization/">Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization</a></li> </ul></li><li class="has-children"><button type="button">Arms Control and International Security</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">Arms Control and International Security</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-arms-control-and-international-security-affairs/">Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-arms-control-and-international-security-affairs/bureau-of-arms-control-deterrence-and-stability/">Bureau of Arms Control, Deterrence, and Stability</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-arms-control-and-international-security-affairs/bureau-of-international-security-and-nonproliferation/">Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-arms-control-and-international-security-affairs/bureau-of-political-military-affairs/">Bureau of Political-Military Affairs</a></li> </ul></li><li class="has-children"><button type="button">Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/">Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/bureau-of-conflict-and-stabilization-operations/">Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/">Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/bureau-of-international-narcotics-and-law-enforcement-affairs/">Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/bureau-of-population-refugees-and-migration/">Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-of-global-criminal-justice/">Office of Global Criminal Justice</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-of-international-religious-freedom/">Office of International Religious Freedom</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-of-the-special-envoy-to-monitor-and-combat-antisemitism/">Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/u-s-special-coordinator-for-tibetan-issues/">Office of the U.S. Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/office-to-monitor-and-combat-trafficking-in-persons/">Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons</a></li> </ul></li><li class="has-children"><button type="button">Economic Growth, Energy, and Environment</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">Economic Growth, Energy, and Environment</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/">Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/bureau-of-economic-and-business-affairs/">Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/bureau-of-energy-resources/">Bureau of Energy Resources</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/bureau-of-oceans-and-international-environmental-and-scientific-affairs/">Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/office-of-global-food-security/">Office of Global Food Security</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/office-of-global-partnerships/">Office of Global Partnerships</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/office-of-the-chief-economist/">Office of the Chief Economist</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/office-of-the-science-technology-adviser/">Office of the Science and Technology Adviser</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/the-special-representative-for-subnational-diplomacy/">Subnational Diplomacy Unit</a></li> </ul></li><li class="has-children"><button type="button">Management</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">Management</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/">Under Secretary for Management</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-administration/">Bureau of Administration</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-budget-and-planning/">Bureau of Budget and Planning</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-the-comptroller-and-global-financial-services/">Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-consular-affairs/">Bureau of Consular Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-diplomatic-security/">Bureau of Diplomatic Security</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-diplomatic-technology/">Bureau of Diplomatic Technology</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-global-talent-management/">Bureau of Global Talent Management</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/bureau-of-medical-services/">Bureau of Medical Services</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/bureau-of-overseas-buildings-operations/">Bureau of Overseas Buildings Operations</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/diplomatic-reception-rooms/">Director of Diplomatic Reception Rooms</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/foreign-service-institute/">Foreign Service Institute</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/ofm">Office of Foreign Missions</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-management/office-of-management-strategy-and-solutions/">Office of Management Strategy and Solutions</a></li> </ul></li><li class="has-children"><button type="button">Political Affairs</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">Political Affairs</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/">Under Secretary for Political Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/">Bureau of African Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-counterterrorism/">Bureau of Counterterrorism</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-east-asian-and-pacific-affairs/">Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-european-and-eurasian-affairs/">Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-international-organization-affairs/">Bureau of International Organization Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-near-eastern-affairs/">Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-south-and-central-asian-affairs/">Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-western-hemisphere-affairs/">Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs</a></li> </ul></li><li class="has-children"><button type="button">Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs</button><ul class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal is-hidden is-cloaked"><li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item--header"><button type="button">Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs</button></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/">Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/bureau-of-educational-and-cultural-affairs/">Educational and Cultural Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/office-of-policy-planning-and-resources-r-ppr/expo-unit/">Expo Unit</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/global-engagement-center/">Global Engagement Center</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/bureau-of-global-public-affairs/">Global Public Affairs</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/office-of-global-youth-issues/">Office of Global Youth Issues</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/office-of-policy-planning-and-resources-r-ppr/">Policy, Planning, and Resources</a></li> <li class="nav__bureaus-offices-internal-item grandchild"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/office-of-policy-planning-and-resources-r-ppr/united-states-advisory-commission-on-public-diplomacy/">U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom has-children" aria-label="Primary Navigation"><button>About</button> <ul class="nav__secondary-nav is-hidden"> <li class="nav__go-back"><button type="button">Back</button></li> <li class="nav__about has-sub-navigation row"> <p class="nav__about-header"><a href="/about/" class="nav__top-level-header-link"><span class="nav__about-header-decor">About</span></a></p> <div class="nav__about-list scrollable-list"> <div class="nav__about-list-items"> <div class="nav__about-list-container"> <p class="nav__about-list-header">Mission</p> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="About the U.S. Department of State" href="https://www.state.gov/about/" class="" > About the U.S. Department of State </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Joint Strategic Plan" href="https://www.state.gov/joint-strategic-plan/" class="" > Joint Strategic Plan </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Equity Action Plan" href="https://www.state.gov/equity/" class="" > Equity Action Plan </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Foreign Affairs Manual and Handbook" href="https://fam.state.gov/" target="_blank" class="" > Foreign Affairs Manual and Handbook </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Department of State by State Map" href="https://www.state.gov/department-of-state-by-state/" class="" > Department of State by State Map </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="DipNote Blog" href="https://www.state.gov/blogs" class="" > DipNote Blog </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Domestic Impact" href="https://www.state.gov/domestic-impact/" class="" > Domestic Impact </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="We Are the U.S. Department of State" href="https://www.state.gov/we-are-the-u-s-department-of-state/" class="" > We Are the U.S. Department of State </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-container"> <p class="nav__about-list-header">History</p> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Previous Administration Archives" href="https://www.state.gov/u-s-department-of-state-archive-websites/" class="" > Previous Administration Archives </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Foreign Relations of the United States" href="https://history.state.gov/" target="_blank" class="" > Foreign Relations of the United States </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="National Museum of American Diplomacy" href="https://diplomacy.state.gov/" target="_blank" class="" > National Museum of American Diplomacy </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Art in Embassies" href="https://art.state.gov/" target="_blank" class="" > Art in Embassies </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-container"> <p class="nav__about-list-header">Administrative</p> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Department Reports and Publications" href="https://www.state.gov/department-reports/" class="" > Department Reports and Publications </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Agency Financial Reports" href="https://www.state.gov/plans-performance-budget/agency-financial-reports/" class="" > Agency Financial Reports </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Form Finder" href="https://eforms.state.gov/" target="_blank" class="" > Form Finder </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Organization Chart" href="https://www.state.gov/department-of-state-organization-chart/" class="" > Organization Chart </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Plans, Performance, Budget" href="https://www.state.gov/plans-performance-budget/" class="" > Plans, Performance, Budget </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Evidence, Evaluation, and Learning" href="https://www.state.gov/evidence-evaluation-and-learning/" class="" > Evidence, Evaluation, and Learning </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Information Quality Act" href="https://www.state.gov/information-quality-act" class="" > Information Quality Act </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Open Government Initiative" href="https://www.state.gov/open-government-initiative/" class="" > Open Government Initiative </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Data Informed Diplomacy" href="https://www.state.gov/data/" class="" > Data Informed Diplomacy </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Digital Government Strategy" href="https://www.state.gov/digital-government-strategy/" class="" > Digital Government Strategy </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Plain Writing Program" href="https://www.state.gov/plain-writing-at-the-department-of-state/" class="" > Plain Writing Program </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Partner with State" href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-economic-growth-energy-and-the-environment/office-of-global-partnerships/" class="" > Partner with State </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-container"> <p class="nav__about-list-header">Leadership</p> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="The Secretary of State" href="https://www.state.gov/secretary/" class="" > The Secretary of State </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Deputy Secretary of State" href="https://www.state.gov/deputy-secretary-of-state/" class="" > Deputy Secretary of State </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources" href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/deputy-secretary-of-state-for-management-and-resources/" class="" > Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Biographies of Senior Officials" href="https://www.state.gov/biographies-list/" class="" > Biographies of Senior Officials </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-container"> <p class="nav__about-list-header">Directories</p> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Contact Us" href="https://register.state.gov/contactus/contactusform" target="_blank" class="" > Contact Us </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Telephone Directory" href="https://www.state.gov/telephone-directory/" class="" > Telephone Directory </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="U.S. Ambassadors" href="https://www.state.gov/resources-bureau-of-human-resources/#ambassadors" class="" > U.S. Ambassadors </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="U.S. Embassies and Other Posts" href="https://www.usembassy.gov/" target="_blank" class="" > U.S. Embassies and Other Posts </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Country Offices Directory" href="https://www.state.gov/telephone-directory/" class="" > Country Offices Directory </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Key Officers of Foreign Service Posts" href="https://www.state.gov/telephone-directory/" class="" > Key Officers of Foreign Service Posts </a> </div> <div class="nav__about-list-item"> <a aria-label="Diplomats in Residence" href="https://careers.state.gov/connect/dir/" target="_blank" class="" > Diplomats in Residence </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></nav> </div> </header>  <script> // Code to enable sub-area highlighting for countries and areas navigation if(window.jQuery) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ jQuery(document).on({ touchstart: function( event ) { event.preventDefault(); if(!jQuery( this ).prev().hasClass('highlighted')) { jQuery( this ).prev().addClass('highlighted'); } }, mouseleave: function() { if(jQuery( this ).prev().hasClass('highlighted')) { } }, mouseover: function() { if(!jQuery( this ).prev().hasClass('highlighted')) { jQuery( this ).prev().addClass('highlighted'); } } }, '#country_navigation_chosen .indent'); jQuery(document).on({ touchstart: function( event ) { event.preventDefault(); if(!jQuery( this ).next('.indent').hasClass('highlighted')) { jQuery( this ).next('.indent').addClass('highlighted'); } }, mouseleave: function() { if(jQuery( this ).next('.indent').hasClass('highlighted')) { } }, mouseover: function() { if(!jQuery( this ).next('.indent').hasClass('highlighted')) { jQuery( this ).next('.indent').addClass('highlighted'); } } }, '#country_navigation_chosen .noindent'); }); // Code to load the navigation without the temporarily blank navigation and page jumpiness -- mainly for desktop. if ( jQuery(window).width() >= 975 ) { jQuery('.nav__utility').show(); jQuery('.site-nav--primary').appendTo('.nav__second-nav'); jQuery('.nav__primary-nav').appendTo('.nav__second-nav'); } if ( jQuery(window).width() < 975 ) { jQuery('.nav__utility').hide(); } } </script> <div class="nav__overlay" data-component="nav"></div> <div class="nav__search" data-component="navsearch"> <div class="nav__search-content frame"> <form id="nav__search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="//findit.state.gov/search" method="get" class="nav__search-form" name="gs"> <div class="nav__search-input-wrapper"> <label id="nav__search-query-id" for="nav__search-query">Search:</label> <input autocomplete="on" class="usagov-search-autocomplete nav__search-input" id="nav__search-query" name="query" type="search" placeholder="Enter your search term or phrase" aria-labelledby="nav__search-query-id"/> <input id="affiliate" name="affiliate" type="hidden" value="dos_stategov" /> </div> <div class="nav__search-cta-wrapper"> <button class="icon-arrow-right link--arrow--right nav__search-cta" type="submit" form="nav__search-form">Search</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="nav__subnav-close-wrapper"> <div class="nav__subnav-close-content frame"> <button class="icon icon-close-thin nav__subnav-close js-subnav-close" tabindex="0"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close</span> </button> </div> </div>  <div id="content" class="site-content js-backtotop"> <main> <article id="post-846" class="post-846 state_bureau type-state_bureau status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry state_bureaus-bureau-of-african-affairs">  <section class="module module--page-subnavigation page-subnavigation" data-component="pagesubnav"> <button class="page-subnavigation__menu-trigger js-trigger">Bureau Home</button> <nav class="page-subnavigation__menu frame"><ul id="menu-bureau-of-african-affairs-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-2255" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-state_bureau current-menu-item menu-item-2255"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/" aria-current="page">Bureau Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9870" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9870"><a href="https://www.state.gov/about-us-bureau-of-african-affairs/">About Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-51152" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-51152"><a href="https://www.state.gov/leadership-bureau-of-african-affairs-2/">Leadership</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9832" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9832"><a href="https://www.state.gov/key-topics-bureau-of-african-affairs/">Key Topics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2256" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2256"><a href="https://www.state.gov/bureau-of-african-affairs-releases/">Remarks and Releases</a></li> <li id="menu-item-221711" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-221711"><a href="https://www.state.gov/u-s-bilateral-relations-fact-sheets-bureau-of-african-affairs/">Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets</a></li> </ul></nav> </section> <section class="module module--bureau-header bureau-header"> <div class="bureau-header__image"> <figure> <img width="2560" height="852" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859-2560x852.jpg" class="attachment-bureau-hero size-bureau-hero wp-post-image" alt="Africa map on a globe - Image [shutterstock]" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859-2560x852.jpg 2560w, https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859-300x100.jpg 300w, https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859-768x255.jpg 768w, https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859-1024x340.jpg 1024w, https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bureau-of-African-Affairs-Hero-Image-2-e1545074459859-144x48.jpg 144w" sizes="(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" /> </figure> </div> <div class="row">  <div id="breadcrumb__wrapper"> <div id="breadcrumbs" class="ltr"> <div class="bc_content"> <a class="bc_home" href="https://www.state.gov">Home</a><span class="bc_carat"></span><span class="bc_middle collapse"><a href="/bureaus-and-offices-list/">Bureaus & Offices</a> > <a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/">Under Secretary for Political Affairs</a> </span><span class="bc_ellipse">...</span><span class="bc_carat"></span><span class="bc_current collapse">Bureau of African Affairs</span> </div> <div class="bc_hide">hide</div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { if(window.jQuery) { jQuery( document ).ready(function() { if (jQuery(".bc_middle").hasClass("collapse")) { jQuery(".bc_ellipse").click(function(){ jQuery(".bc_hide").toggleClass("visible"); jQuery(".bc_middle").toggle(); jQuery(".bc_ellipse").toggle(); jQuery(".bc_content").toggleClass("noflex"); jQuery(".block_breadcrumbs_content").toggleClass("noflex"); }); jQuery(".bc_hide").click(function(){ jQuery(".bc_hide").toggleClass("visible"); jQuery(".bc_middle").toggle(); jQuery(".bc_ellipse").toggle(); jQuery(".bc_content").toggleClass("noflex"); jQuery(".block_breadcrumbs_content").toggleClass("noflex"); }); } else { jQuery(".bc_ellipse").hide(); } }); } }); </script> <div class="bureau-header__content">  <h1 class="bureau-header__title">Bureau of African Affairs</h1>  <a href="http://service.govdelivery.com/service/subscribe.html?code=USSTATEBPA_12" class="button button--outline button--arrow" target="_blank"> <div class="button__content"> Subscribe </div> </a> </div>  </div> </section>  <div class="bureau-intro row "> <div class="bureau-intro__top"> <h2 class="bureau-intro__subtitle"> Our Mission </h2> <p class="bureau-intro__copy"> The Department of State’s Bureau of African Affairs is focused on the development and management of U.S. policy concerning the African continent. The Department’s Africa Strategy focuses on three core objectives: 1) Advancing trade and commercial ties with key African states to increase U.S. and African prosperity; 2) Protecting the United States from cross-border health and security threats; and 3) Supporting key African states’ progress toward stability, citizen-responsive governance, and self-reliance. </p> </div> <div class="bureau-intro__card"> <div class="profile-card__wrapper">  <a class="profile-card" href="https://www.state.gov/biographies/molly-phee/" title=" | Molly Phee">  <div class="profile-card__image"> <img width="242" height="300" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Molly-Phee-242x300.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium" alt="Molly Phee" data-object-fit="cover" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Molly-Phee-242x300.jpg 242w, https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Molly-Phee-39x48.jpg 39w, https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Molly-Phee.jpg 330w" sizes="(max-width: 242px) 100vw, 242px" /> </div>  <div class="profile-card__body"> <p class="profile-card__title">Assistant Secretary</p> <p class="profile-card__name">Molly Phee</p> </div>  </a> </div> <div class="bureau-intro__social"> <p> Follow Us: <a href="http://www.facebook.com/DOSAfricanAffairs" class="icon icon-facebook"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/AsstSecStateAF" class="icon icon-twitter"><span class="screen-reader-text">Twitter</span></a> </p> </div>  </div> </div>  <section class="module module--bureau-the-latest bureau-the-latest"> <header class="row bureau-the-latest__header centered-header"> <h2 class="stars-above stars-above--centered"> The Latest </h2> </header> <div class="row bureau-content"> <div class="bureau-featured-content">  <span class="bureau-featured-content__eyebrow"> May 11, 2023 </span>   <h2 class="bureau-featured-content__headline"><a class="bureau-featured-content__headline-link" href="https://www.state.gov/jeddah-declaration-of-commitment-to-protect-the-civilians-of-sudan/" target="_self">Jeddah Declaration of Commitment to Protect the Civilians of Sudan</a></h2>  <p class="bureau-featured-content__copy"> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> Preamble Recognizing the necessity of uplifting the plight and misery from our people resulting from the ongoing fighting since April 15, 2023, in particular in the capital of Khartoum, responding to urgent humanitarian needs of our civilian citizens, Responding to the various initiatives of the brotherly and friendly countries, led by the Saudi-American initiative, We, […]</p> </div> <div class="module module--content-feed content-feed content-feed--state_bureau "> <ul> <li class="content-feed__item"> <div class="feed-item__text">  <span class="feed-item__type">November 22, 2024</span>  <h3 class="feed-item__title"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/united-states-participation-in-kimberley-process-plenary-meetings-2/"> United States Participation in Kimberley Process Plenary Meetings </a> </h3> </div>  </li> <li class="content-feed__item"> <div class="feed-item__text">  <span class="feed-item__type">November 22, 2024</span>  <h3 class="feed-item__title"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/joint-statement-on-u-s-mauritania-energy-security-dialogue/"> Joint Statement on U.S.-Mauritania Energy Security Dialogue </a> </h3> </div>  </li> <li class="content-feed__item"> <div class="feed-item__text">  <span class="feed-item__type">November 18, 2024</span>  <h3 class="feed-item__title"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/u-s-special-envoy-for-sudan-perriellos-travel-to-sudan-djibouti-and-italy/"> U.S. Special Envoy for Sudan Perriello’s Travel to Sudan, Djibouti, and Italy </a> </h3> </div>  </li> </ul> <a class="icon icon-arrow-right link--arrow see-all" href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-archive/bureau-of-african-affairs/">See All</a> </div> </div> </section>  <section class="relationship module relationship--state_bureau" data-component="tabview">  <div class="row section-header"> <h2 class="section-header__headline stars-above"> Key Topics </h2> </div>  <div class="row tab-view"> <ul class="tab-view__links js-tab-view__links" role='tablist'> <li class="tab-view__link active " role="listitem heading" aria-level="3"> <a id='tabcontrol1' href='#tab-1' role='tab' aria-controls='tab-1' tabindex="0"> U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit </a> </li> <li class="tab-view__link " role="listitem heading" aria-level="3"> <a id='tabcontrol2' href='#tab-2' role='tab' aria-controls='tab-2' tabindex="0"> Vital Partners, Shared Priorities </a> </li> <li class="tab-view__link " role="listitem heading" aria-level="3"> <a id='tabcontrol3' href='#tab-3' role='tab' aria-controls='tab-3' tabindex="0"> African Growth and Opportunity Act </a> </li> <li class="tab-view__link " role="listitem heading" aria-level="3"> <a id='tabcontrol4' href='#tab-4' role='tab' aria-controls='tab-4' tabindex="0"> African Women's Entrepreneurship Program </a> </li> <li class="tab-view__link " role="listitem heading" aria-level="3"> <a id='tabcontrol5' href='#tab-5' role='tab' aria-controls='tab-5' tabindex="0"> Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI) </a> </li> </ul> <div class="tab-view__panels"> <section aria-labelledby='tabcontrol1' class="tab-panel js-tab-panel active-tab " id="tab-1" role='tabpanel'> <h3 class="tab-panel__title js-tab-panel__title" data-href="#tab-1"> U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit <span class="icon-svg"> <svg width="18" height="10" viewBox="0 0 18 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g stroke="#B63031" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="square"><path d="M8.879 8.879L1.12 1.12M9 9l8-8"></path></g> </svg> </span> </h3> <div class="tab-panel__content js-tab-panel__content"> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <p>Africa will shape the future — not just the future of the African people, but of the world. Rooted in this recognition that Africa is a key geopolitical player, President Biden invited leaders from across the African continent to Washington, DC on December 13-15, 2022 for the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit. President Biden believes U.S. collaboration with African leaders, as well as civil society, business, diaspora, women, and youth leaders, is essential to unlocking the potential of this decisive decade. </p> <a href="https://www.state.gov/africasummit/" class="tab-panel__link" target="_self"> Learn more about the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit <span class="screen-reader-text">U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit</span> </a> </div> </section> <section aria-labelledby='tabcontrol2' class="tab-panel js-tab-panel " id="tab-2" role='tabpanel'> <h3 class="tab-panel__title js-tab-panel__title" data-href="#tab-2"> Vital Partners, Shared Priorities <span class="icon-svg"> <svg width="18" height="10" viewBox="0 0 18 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g stroke="#B63031" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="square"><path d="M8.879 8.879L1.12 1.12M9 9l8-8"></path></g> </svg> </span> </h3> <div class="tab-panel__content js-tab-panel__content"> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <p>Our strategy is rooted in the recognition that sub-Saharan Africa is a major geopolitical force, one that shaped our past, is shaping our present, and will shape our future.</p> <a href="https://www.state.gov/vital-partners-shared-priorities-the-biden-administrations-sub-saharan-africa-strategy/" class="tab-panel__link" target="_self"> Read the full speech <span class="screen-reader-text">Vital Partners, Shared Priorities</span> </a> </div> </section> <section aria-labelledby='tabcontrol3' class="tab-panel js-tab-panel " id="tab-3" role='tabpanel'> <h3 class="tab-panel__title js-tab-panel__title" data-href="#tab-3"> African Growth and Opportunity Act <span class="icon-svg"> <svg width="18" height="10" viewBox="0 0 18 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g stroke="#B63031" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="square"><path d="M8.879 8.879L1.12 1.12M9 9l8-8"></path></g> </svg> </span> </h3> <div class="tab-panel__content js-tab-panel__content"> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <p>Enacted in May 2000, the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) is the cornerstone of U.S. economic engagement with the countries of sub-Saharan Africa.</p> <a href="https://www.state.gov/african-growth-and-opportunity-act-agoa/" class="tab-panel__link" target="_self"> Learn more about AGOA <span class="screen-reader-text">African Growth and Opportunity Act</span> </a> </div> </section> <section aria-labelledby='tabcontrol4' class="tab-panel js-tab-panel " id="tab-4" role='tabpanel'> <h3 class="tab-panel__title js-tab-panel__title" data-href="#tab-4"> African Women's Entrepreneurship Program <span class="icon-svg"> <svg width="18" height="10" viewBox="0 0 18 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g stroke="#B63031" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="square"><path d="M8.879 8.879L1.12 1.12M9 9l8-8"></path></g> </svg> </span> </h3> <div class="tab-panel__content js-tab-panel__content"> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <p>African Women’s Entrepreneurship Program (AWEP) is an outreach, education, and engagement initiative that targets African women entrepreneurs to promote business growth, increase trade both regionally and to U.S. markets through the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), create better business environments, and empower African women entrepreneurs to become voices of change in their communities.</p> <a href="https://www.state.gov/african-womens-entrepreneurship-program/" class="tab-panel__link" target="_self"> Learn more about AWEP <span class="screen-reader-text">African Women's Entrepreneurship Program</span> </a> </div> </section> <section aria-labelledby='tabcontrol5' class="tab-panel js-tab-panel " id="tab-5" role='tabpanel'> <h3 class="tab-panel__title js-tab-panel__title" data-href="#tab-5"> Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI) <span class="icon-svg"> <svg width="18" height="10" viewBox="0 0 18 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g stroke="#B63031" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="square"><path d="M8.879 8.879L1.12 1.12M9 9l8-8"></path></g> </svg> </span> </h3> <div class="tab-panel__content js-tab-panel__content"> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ if (jQuery('p .watermark').length > 0 ) { jQuery('p .watermark').parent().addClass('watermarked'); jQuery('p .watermark').parent().each( function() { //jQuery(this).children('img').attr('style', 'margin: 0 !important'); jQuery(this).children().wrapAll('<div class="watermarked_image"></div>'); }); jQuery('.entry-content p.watermarked > div.watermarked_image > img').each( function() { if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignnone') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignnone' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignleft') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignleft' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('alignright') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'alignright' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('size-medium') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'has-size-medium' ); } if ( jQuery(this).hasClass('aligncenter') ) { jQuery(this).parent().addClass( 'aligncenter' ); jQuery(this).parent().children().wrapAll('<div class="wm_centered"></div>'); } }); } }); }); </script> <p>The Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI) is the United States’ signature effort to invest in the next generation of African leaders.</p> <a href="https://www.state.gov/external-content/young-african-leaders-initiative-yali/" class="tab-panel__link" target="_blank"> Learn more about YALI <span class="screen-reader-text">Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI)</span> <span class=" icon-external "></span> </a> </div> </section> </div> </div> </section> <section class="module module--bureau-countries-areas bureau-countries-areas"> <div class="frame"> <header class="country-list__header"> <h2 class="country-list__title stars-above">Countries & Areas</h2> <p class="country-list__copy"> Sub-Saharan Africa </p> </header> <ul class="country-list"> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/angola/" class="country-list__link">Angola</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/benin/" class="country-list__link">Benin</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/botswana/" class="country-list__link">Botswana</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/burkina-faso/" class="country-list__link">Burkina Faso</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/burundi/" class="country-list__link">Burundi</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cabo-verde/" class="country-list__link">Cabo Verde</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cameroon/" class="country-list__link">Cameroon</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/central-african-republic/" class="country-list__link">Central African Republic</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/chad/" class="country-list__link">Chad</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/comoros/" class="country-list__link">Comoros</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/cote-divoire" class="country-list__link">Côte d’Ivoire</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/" class="country-list__link">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/djibouti/" class="country-list__link">Djibouti</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/equatorial-guinea/" class="country-list__link">Equatorial Guinea</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/eritrea/" class="country-list__link">Eritrea</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/eswatini/" class="country-list__link">Eswatini</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/ethiopia/" class="country-list__link">Ethiopia</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/gabon/" class="country-list__link">Gabon</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/gambia/" class="country-list__link">The Gambia</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/ghana/" class="country-list__link">Ghana</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/guinea/" class="country-list__link">Guinea</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/guinea-bissau/" class="country-list__link">Guinea-Bissau</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/kenya/" class="country-list__link">Kenya</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/lesotho/" class="country-list__link">Lesotho</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/liberia/" class="country-list__link">Liberia</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/madagascar/" class="country-list__link">Madagascar</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/malawi/" class="country-list__link">Malawi</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mali/" class="country-list__link">Mali</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mauritania/" class="country-list__link">Mauritania</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mauritius/" class="country-list__link">Mauritius</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/mozambique/" class="country-list__link">Mozambique</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/namibia/" class="country-list__link">Namibia</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/niger/" class="country-list__link">Niger</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nigeria/" class="country-list__link">Nigeria</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/republic-of-the-congo/" class="country-list__link">Republic of the Congo</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/rwanda/" class="country-list__link">Rwanda</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sao-tome-and-principe/" class="country-list__link">Sao Tome and Principe</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/senegal/" class="country-list__link">Senegal</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/seychelles/" class="country-list__link">Seychelles</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sierra-leone/" class="country-list__link">Sierra Leone</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/somalia/" class="country-list__link">Somalia</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/south-africa/" class="country-list__link">South Africa</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/south-sudan/" class="country-list__link">South Sudan</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/sudan/" class="country-list__link">Sudan</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/tanzania/" class="country-list__link">Tanzania</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/togo/" class="country-list__link">Togo</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/uganda/" class="country-list__link">Uganda</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/zambia/" class="country-list__link">Zambia</a> </li> <li class="country-list__item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/zimbabwe/" class="country-list__link">Zimbabwe</a> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <section class="additional-links additional-links--state_bureau"> <div class="row"> <div class="additional-links__content"> <header class="additional-links__header">    <h2 id="additional-links__Offices" class="additional-links__headline">Offices</h2> </header>   <div class="additional-links__list-wrapper"> <ul class="additional-links__list" > <li class="additional-links__list-item"> <a href="https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-political-affairs/bureau-of-african-affairs/office-of-the-special-envoy-for-the-sahel-region-of-africa/" class="additional-links__list-item-link" aria-labelledby="" target="_self"> <span class="additional-links__list-item-text">Office of the Special Envoy for the Sahel Region of Africa</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div>  </div>  </div>  </section> </article>  <div class="row report__back-to-top"> <span class="report__back-to-top__spacer"></span> <span class="report__back-to-top__button" data-component="backtotop"> <button class="button button--back-to-top icon-arrow-single-line-up">Back to Top</button> </span> </div> </main> </div>  <footer class="site-footer footer"> <div class="footer__content frame"> <div class="footer__primary-wrapper"> <div class="footer__logo"> <a class="footer__logo-image" title="United States Department of State" href="https://www.state.gov"></a> </div> <div class="footer__primary"> <div class="menu-footer-primary-navigation-container"><ul id="menu-footer-primary-navigation" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-15994" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15994"><a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/">White House</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15995" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15995"><a href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15996" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15996"><a href="https://www.stateoig.gov/">Office of the Inspector General</a></li> <li id="menu-item-67737" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-67737"><a href="https://www.state.gov/u-s-department-of-state-archive-websites/">Archives</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15998" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15998"><a href="https://register.state.gov/contactus/contactusform">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="footer__aux">  <div class="social_links_footer"> <span class="followus">follow us</span> <section class="module module--front-page-social-media front-page-social-media" aria-label="Social Media" role="group"> <div class="frame">  <a href="https://www.facebook.com/statedept" class="icon fab fa-facebook-f" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on Facebook"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a> <a href="https://x.com/StateDept" class="icon fab fa-twitter" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on X"><span class="screen-reader-text">X</span></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/statedept/" class="icon fab fa-instagram" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on Instagram"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/statevideo" class="icon fab fa-youtube" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on YouTube"><span class="screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/statephotos/" class="icon fab fa-flickr" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on Flickr"><span class="screen-reader-text">Flickr</span></a> <a href="https://www.state.gov/department-email-updates/" class="icon fas fa-envelope" target="_blank" aria-label="State Department on GovDelivery"><span class="screen-reader-text">GovDelivery</span></a> </div> </section>  </div> <div class="menu-footer-auxiliary-navigation-container"><ul id="menu-footer-auxiliary-navigation" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-54473" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-54473"><a href="https://www.state.gov/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-54474" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-54474"><a href="https://www.state.gov/section-508-accessibility-statement/">Accessibility Statement</a></li> <li id="menu-item-54475" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-54475"><a href="https://www.state.gov/copyright-information/">Copyright Information</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-16003"><a href="https://foia.state.gov/">FOIA</a></li> <li id="menu-item-54477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-54477"><a href="https://www.state.gov/key-topics-office-of-civil-rights/eeo-no-fear-act-whistleblower-protection-acts/">No FEAR Act</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </footer>  </div>  <style type="text/css">.wmpci-popup-wrp .wmpci-popup-body{background-color: #ffffff;border-width: 0px; border-style: solid;max-width: 50;}.wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp{height:1000;color:#000000;}.wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp h2, .wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp h4{color:#000000;}</style> <div class="splash wmpci-popup-wrp design1" id="wmpci-popup-wrp"> <div class="wmpci-popup-body"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="wmpci-popup-close" title="Close"></a> <div class="wpmci-popup-cnt-wrp"> <div class="wpmci-popup-cnt-inr-wrp wmpci-clearfix"> <h2>U.S. Department <em>of</em> State</h2> <h4>The Lessons of 1989: Freedom and Our Future</h4> </div> </div> </div> </div><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/plugins/duracelltomi-google-tag-manager/dist/js/gtm4wp-form-move-tracker.js?ver=1.20.2" id="gtm4wp-form-move-tracker-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.min.js?ver=3.3.1" id="jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.4" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-includes/js/backbone.min.js?ver=1.5.0" id="backbone-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-request-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpApiSettings = {"root":"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/wp-json\/","nonce":"751cdf79dc","versionString":"wp\/v2\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-includes/js/api-request.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="wp-api-request-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-includes/js/wp-api.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="wp-api-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-util-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _wpUtilSettings = {"ajax":{"url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-includes/js/wp-util.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="wp-util-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/themes/state/js/state.min.js?ver=1731960537" id="state-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wmpci-popup-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var Wmpci_Popup = {"enable":"0","delay":"0","exp_time":"1","close_on_esc":"1","hide_time":"0"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.state.gov/wp-content/plugins/wp-modal-popup-with-cookie-integration/assets/js/wmpci-popup.js?ver=2.4" id="wmpci-popup-js-js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> if(window.jQuery) { jQuery(document).ready(function(){ jQuery('.nav__countries_letter').prev().addClass('nav__countries_last'); jQuery('#country-search').on('change paste keyup', function(){ //alert(jQuery('#country-search').val()); jQuery('.nav__country').removeClass('nav__countries_last'); var state_country_search = jQuery('#country-search').val().toLowerCase(); jQuery('.nav__countries_letter').hide(); if ( jQuery('#country-search').val() == '' ) { jQuery('#country_navigation_chosen .chosen-results a').each(function(){ jQuery(this).html(jQuery(this).html().replace('<u>','')); jQuery(this).html(jQuery(this).html().replace('</u>','')); //jQuery(this).html(jQuery(this).html().replace(/(^\w{1})|(\s+\w{1})/g, letter => letter.toUpperCase()); }); jQuery('.nav__countries_letter').show(); jQuery('.nav__countries_letter').prev().addClass('nav__countries_last'); } jQuery('#country_navigation_chosen .chosen-results a').each(function(){ var state_country_each_value = jQuery(this).html().toLowerCase(); state_country_each_value = state_country_each_value.replace('<u>',''); state_country_each_value = state_country_each_value.replace('</u>',''); //state_country_each_value = state_country_each_value.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + state_country_each_value.slice(1); //state_country_each_value.toLowerCase().split(' ').map(word => word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.substring(1)).join(' '); //jQuery(this).html(jQuery(this).html().replace(//g)) //alert('1'); if ( state_country_each_value.indexOf(state_country_search) != -1 ) { jQuery(this).show(); var state_countries_split_screen = state_country_each_value.split(state_country_search); var state_current_country_nav_value = ''; for (let index = 0; index < state_countries_split_screen.length; index++) { state_current_country_nav_value += state_countries_split_screen[index]; if ( (index + 1) < state_countries_split_screen.length) { state_current_country_nav_value += '<u>' + state_country_search + '</u>'; } } //jQuery(this).html(state_current_country_nav_value); //alert('.nav__countries_' + state_country_each_value.charAt(0)); jQuery('.nav__countries_' + state_country_each_value.charAt(0) + '').show(); } else { jQuery(this).html(jQuery(this).html().replace('<u>','')); jQuery(this).html(jQuery(this).html().replace('</u>','')); //jQuery(this).html(jQuery(this).html().replace(/(^\w{1})|(\s+\w{1})/g, letter => letter.toUpperCase()); jQuery(this).hide(); } }); }) }) } </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Bureau of African Affairs - United States Department of State