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</a> <ul id="toc-Cost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parties_and_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parties_and_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Parties and candidates </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parties_and_candidates-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Parties and candidates subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Parties_and_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Great_Britain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Great_Britain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Great Britain </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Great_Britain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Northern Ireland </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Candidates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Party_selection_processes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_selection_processes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.1 Party selection processes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_selection_processes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High-profile_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High-profile_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2 High-profile candidates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High-profile_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Conservative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conservative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2.1 Conservative </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conservative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2.2 Labour </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liberal_Democrats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liberal_Democrats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2.3 Liberal Democrats </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liberal_Democrats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UKIP_leader" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UKIP_leader"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2.4 UKIP leader </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UKIP_leader-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MPs_rejected_by_their_parties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MPs_rejected_by_their_parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2.5 MPs rejected by their parties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MPs_rejected_by_their_parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_alliances_and_arrangements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_alliances_and_arrangements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Electoral alliances and arrangements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_alliances_and_arrangements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Campaign </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campaign subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Background </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Brexit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brexit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Brexit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brexit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2 Security </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3 Social care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scottish_independence_and_the_future_of_the_UK" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scottish_independence_and_the_future_of_the_UK"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.4 Scottish independence and the future of the UK </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scottish_independence_and_the_future_of_the_UK-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_tuition_fees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_tuition_fees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.5 University tuition fees </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_tuition_fees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Possible_coalitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Possible_coalitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.6 Possible coalitions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Possible_coalitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Party campaigns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Conservatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conservatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.1 Conservatives </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conservatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.2 Labour </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SNP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SNP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.3 SNP </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SNP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liberal_Democrats_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liberal_Democrats_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.4 Liberal Democrats </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liberal_Democrats_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UKIP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UKIP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.5 UKIP </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UKIP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television_debates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television_debates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Television debates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television_debates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign_costs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign_costs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Campaign costs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign_costs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Endorsements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Endorsements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Endorsements </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Endorsements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Endorsements subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Endorsements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_daily_newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_daily_newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 National daily newspapers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_daily_newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Sunday_newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Sunday_newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 National Sunday newspapers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Sunday_newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_coverage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_coverage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Media coverage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_coverage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politicians_not_standing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politicians_not_standing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Politicians not standing </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politicians_not_standing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Politicians not standing subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Politicians_not_standing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Members_of_Parliament_who_did_not_stand_for_re-election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Members_of_Parliament_who_did_not_stand_for_re-election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Members of Parliament who did not stand for re-election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Members_of_Parliament_who_did_not_stand_for_re-election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_politicians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_politicians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Other politicians </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_politicians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Opinion polling and seat projections </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Opinion polling and seat projections subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Predictions_three_weeks_before_the_vote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predictions_three_weeks_before_the_vote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Predictions three weeks before the vote </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predictions_three_weeks_before_the_vote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predictions_two_weeks_before_the_vote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predictions_two_weeks_before_the_vote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Predictions two weeks before the vote </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predictions_two_weeks_before_the_vote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predictions_one_week_before_the_vote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predictions_one_week_before_the_vote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Predictions one week before the vote </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predictions_one_week_before_the_vote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predictions_on_polling_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predictions_on_polling_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Predictions on polling day </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predictions_on_polling_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exit_poll" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exit_poll"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Exit poll </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exit_poll-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Results </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Results subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Analysis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Long-term_trends" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Long-term_trends"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Long-term trends </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Long-term_trends-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Overall </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3.1 Summary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3.2 Full results </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voter_demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voter_demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Voter demographics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voter_demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ipsos_MORI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ipsos_MORI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4.1 Ipsos MORI </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ipsos_MORI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-YouGov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#YouGov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4.2 YouGov </div> </a> <ul id="toc-YouGov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open_seats_changing_hands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open_seats_changing_hands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Open seats changing hands </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Open_seats_changing_hands-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Open seats changing hands subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Open_seats_changing_hands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Seats_which_changed_allegiance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seats_which_changed_allegiance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Seats which changed allegiance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seats_which_changed_allegiance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Aftermath </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Aftermath subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Government_formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Government formation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_leadership_changes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_leadership_changes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Party leadership changes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_leadership_changes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign_post-mortems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign_post-mortems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.3 Campaign post-mortems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign_post-mortems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Allegations_of_Russian_interference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allegations_of_Russian_interference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.4 Allegations of Russian interference </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allegations_of_Russian_interference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_turnout_figures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_turnout_figures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.5 Election turnout figures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_turnout_figures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Donations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Donations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Donations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 External links </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle External links subsection </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Voting_registration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voting_registration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.1 Voting registration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voting_registration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_manifestos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_manifestos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.2 Party manifestos </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_manifestos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-News_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.3 News sites </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">2017 United Kingdom general election</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" > 47 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britse_algemene_verkiesing_van_2017" title="Britse algemene verkiesing van 2017 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Britse algemene verkiesing van 2017" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_2017" title="الانتخابات العامة في المملكة المتحدة 2017 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الانتخابات العامة في المملكة المتحدة 2017" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8,_%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AD" title="যুক্তরাজ্যের সাধারণ নির্বাচন, ২০১৭ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যুক্তরাজ্যের সাধারণ নির্বাচন, ২০১৭" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleccions_al_Parlament_del_Regne_Unit_de_2017" title="Eleccions al Parlament del Regne Unit de 2017 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eleccions al Parlament del Regne Unit de 2017" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C5%A1eobecn%C3%A9_volby_ve_Spojen%C3%A9m_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD_2017" title="Všeobecné volby ve Spojeném království 2017 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Všeobecné volby ve Spojeném království 2017" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etholiad_cyffredinol_y_Deyrnas_Unedig,_2017" title="Etholiad cyffredinol y Deyrnas Unedig, 2017 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Etholiad cyffredinol y Deyrnas Unedig, 2017" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamentsvalget_i_Storbritannien_2017" title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannien 2017 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannien 2017" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britische_Unterhauswahl_2017" title="Britische Unterhauswahl 2017 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Britische Unterhauswahl 2017" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_2017" title="Γενικές εκλογές του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου 2017 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γενικές εκλογές του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου 2017" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elesi%C3%B2%E1%B9%85_gener%C3%A0i_in_dal_R%C3%A9gn_Un%C3%AE_dal_2017" title="Elesiòṅ generài in dal Régn Unî dal 2017 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Elesiòṅ generài in dal Régn Unî dal 2017" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_generales_del_Reino_Unido_de_2017" title="Elecciones generales del Reino Unido de 2017 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones generales del Reino Unido de 2017" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017ko_Erresuma_Batuko_hauteskundeak" title="2017ko Erresuma Batuko hauteskundeak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="2017ko Erresuma Batuko hauteskundeak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7_(%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B7)" title="انتخابات سراسری بریتانیا (۲۰۱۷) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتخابات سراسری بریتانیا (۲۰۱۷)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lections_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rales_britanniques_de_2017" title="Élections générales britanniques de 2017 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élections générales britanniques de 2017" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olltoghch%C3%A1n_na_R%C3%ADochta_Aontaithe,_2017" title="Olltoghchán na Ríochta Aontaithe, 2017 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Olltoghchán na Ríochta Aontaithe, 2017" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%EB%85%84_%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B4%9D%EC%84%A0" title="2017년 영국 총선 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="2017년 영국 총선" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A8%D5%B6%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80_%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%AE_%D4%B2%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4_(2017)" title="Խորհրդարանական ընտրություններ Մեծ Բրիտանիայում (2017) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խորհրդարանական ընտրություններ Մեծ Բրիտանիայում (2017)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemilihan_umum_Britania_Raya_2017" title="Pemilihan umum Britania Raya 2017 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pemilihan umum Britania Raya 2017" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_generali_nel_Regno_Unito_del_2017" title="Elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 2017 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 2017" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%95%D7%97%D7%93%D7%AA_2017" title="הבחירות הכלליות בממלכה המאוחדת 2017 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות הכלליות בממלכה המאוחדת 2017" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A3%E0%B3%86,_2017" title="ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಮ್ ಸಾರ್ವತ್ರಿಕ ಚುನಾವಣೆ, 2017 – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಮ್ ಸಾರ್ವತ್ರಿಕ ಚುನಾವಣೆ, 2017" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewisyans_ollgemmyn_Ruwvaneth_Unys,_2017" title="Dewisyans ollgemmyn Ruwvaneth Unys, 2017 – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Dewisyans ollgemmyn Ruwvaneth Unys, 2017" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017._gada_Apvienot%C4%81s_Karalistes_visp%C4%81r%C4%93j%C4%81s_v%C4%93l%C4%93%C5%A1anas" title="2017. gada Apvienotās Karalistes vispārējās vēlēšanas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="2017. gada Apvienotās Karalistes vispārējās vēlēšanas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezion_generai_del_Regn_Unii_del_2017" title="Elezion generai del Regn Unii del 2017 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Elezion generai del Regn Unii del 2017" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017-es_brit_parlamenti_v%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1s" title="2017-es brit parlamenti választás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="2017-es brit parlamenti választás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_2017" title="انتخابات المملكه المتحده العامه سنة 2017 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انتخابات المملكه المتحده العامه سنة 2017" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilihan_raya_umum_United_Kingdom_2017" title="Pilihan raya umum United Kingdom 2017 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pilihan raya umum United Kingdom 2017" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britse_Lagerhuisverkiezingen_2017" title="Britse Lagerhuisverkiezingen 2017 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Britse Lagerhuisverkiezingen 2017" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E7%B7%8F%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="2017年イギリス総選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="2017年イギリス総選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamentsvalget_i_Storbritannia_2017" title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannia 2017 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannia 2017" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyuk_Britaniya_parlament_saylovlari_(2017)" title="Buyuk Britaniya parlament saylovlari (2017) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Buyuk Britaniya parlament saylovlari (2017)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_parlamentarne_w_Wielkiej_Brytanii_w_2017_roku" title="Wybory parlamentarne w Wielkiej Brytanii w 2017 roku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wybory parlamentarne w Wielkiej Brytanii w 2017 roku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es_gerais_no_Reino_Unido_em_2017" title="Eleições gerais no Reino Unido em 2017 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleições gerais no Reino Unido em 2017" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegeri_generale_legislative_%C3%AEn_Regatul_Unit,_2017" title="Alegeri generale legislative în Regatul Unit, 2017 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alegeri generale legislative în Regatul Unit, 2017" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_(2017)" title="Парламентские выборы в Великобритании (2017) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парламентские выборы в Великобритании (2017)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Unitit_Kinrick_general_election" title="2017 Unitit Kinrick general election – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="2017 Unitit Kinrick general election" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="2017 United Kingdom general election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamentarne_volitve_v_Zdru%C5%BEenem_kraljestvu_2017" title="Parlamentarne volitve v Združenem kraljestvu 2017 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Parlamentarne volitve v Združenem kraljestvu 2017" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a 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class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:425px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">2017 United Kingdom general election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class="">8 June 2017</td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2015 United Kingdom general election">outgoing members</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">elected members</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />All <a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">650 seats</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> 326<a href="#cite_note-realmajority-1">[n 1]</a> seats needed for a majority</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registered</th><td class="infobox-data">46,836,533</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">32,204,184 68.8% (<img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 2.4 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a>)<a href="#cite_note-2">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">First party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Second party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Third party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #0087DC;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Theresa_May_election_infobox.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Theresa May election infobox.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Theresa_May_election_infobox.jpg/120px-Theresa_May_election_infobox.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Theresa_May_election_infobox.jpg/180px-Theresa_May_election_infobox.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Theresa_May_election_infobox.jpg/240px-Theresa_May_election_infobox.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1433" data-file-height="1965" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E4003B;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_election_infobox_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Jeremy Corbyn election infobox 2.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Jeremy_Corbyn_election_infobox_2.jpg/120px-Jeremy_Corbyn_election_infobox_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Jeremy_Corbyn_election_infobox_2.jpg/180px-Jeremy_Corbyn_election_infobox_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Jeremy_Corbyn_election_infobox_2.jpg/240px-Jeremy_Corbyn_election_infobox_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1906" data-file-height="2540" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FDF38E;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Nicola Sturgeon election infobox 3.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg/120px-Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg/180px-Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg/240px-Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1925" data-file-height="2569" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader since </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/2016_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="2016 Conservative Party leadership election">11 July 2016</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">12 September 2015</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/2014_Scottish_National_Party_leadership_election" title="2014 Scottish National Party leadership election">14 November 2014</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Maidenhead_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Maidenhead (UK Parliament constituency)">Maidenhead</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Islington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Islington North</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">Did not stand<a href="#cite_note-sturgeonseat-3">[n 2]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">330 seats, 36.9% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">232 seats, 30.4% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">56 seats, 4.7% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">317 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">262 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">35 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 13 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 30 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 21 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">13,636,684 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">12,877,918 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">977,568 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">42.3% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">40.0% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">3.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 5.5 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 9.6 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 1.7 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">Fourth party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Fifth party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Sixth party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FAA61A;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Tim_Farron_MP_crop_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Official portrait of Tim Farron MP crop 4.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Official_portrait_of_Tim_Farron_MP_crop_4.jpg/120px-Official_portrait_of_Tim_Farron_MP_crop_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Official_portrait_of_Tim_Farron_MP_crop_4.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Tim_Farron_MP_crop_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Official_portrait_of_Tim_Farron_MP_crop_4.jpg/240px-Official_portrait_of_Tim_Farron_MP_crop_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="738" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #D46A4C;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Arlene_Foster_election_infobox.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Arlene Foster election infobox.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Arlene_Foster_election_infobox.jpg/120px-Arlene_Foster_election_infobox.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Arlene_Foster_election_infobox.jpg/180px-Arlene_Foster_election_infobox.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Arlene_Foster_election_infobox.jpg/240px-Arlene_Foster_election_infobox.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1433" data-file-height="1965" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #0D8069;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerry_Adams_election_infobox.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Gerry Adams election infobox.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gerry_Adams_election_infobox.jpg/120px-Gerry_Adams_election_infobox.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gerry_Adams_election_infobox.jpg/180px-Gerry_Adams_election_infobox.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gerry_Adams_election_infobox.jpg/240px-Gerry_Adams_election_infobox.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1433" data-file-height="1965" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader since </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/2015_Liberal_Democrats_leadership_election" title="2015 Liberal Democrats leadership election">16 July 2015</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">17 December 2015 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">13 November 1983 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Westmorland_and_Lonsdale_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Westmorland and Lonsdale (UK Parliament constituency)">Westmorland and Lonsdale</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">Did not stand<a href="#cite_note-fosterseat-4">[n 3]</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">Did not stand<a href="#cite_note-adamsseat-5">[n 4]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">8 seats, 7.9% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">8 seats, 0.6% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">4 seats, 0.6% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">12 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">10 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7<a href="#cite_note-SFseats-6">[n 5]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 4 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 2 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 3 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">2,371,861 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">292,316 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">238,915 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7.4% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">0.9% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">0.7% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.5 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.3 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.1 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><a href="/wiki/File:2017UKElectionMap.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/2017UKElectionMap.svg/425px-2017UKElectionMap.svg.png" decoding="async" width="425" height="354" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/2017UKElectionMap.svg/638px-2017UKElectionMap.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/2017UKElectionMap.svg/850px-2017UKElectionMap.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1248" data-file-height="1039" /></a><div>A map of UK parliamentary constituencies, with each winner's constituency, percentage of victory.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><a href="/wiki/File:UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg/360px-UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg/540px-UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg/720px-UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="224" /></a><div>Composition of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> after the election</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> before election <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;">Prime Minister after election <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2015 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2017 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2019 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2024 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> The 2017 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 8 June 2017, two years after the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">previous general election in 2015</a>; it was the first since <a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a> to be held on a day that did not coincide with any local elections.<a href="#cite_note-7">[2]</a> The governing <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> led by the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">prime minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> remained the largest single party in the House of Commons but lost its small overall majority, resulting in the formation of a Conservative <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Confidence_and_supply" title="Confidence and supply">confidence and supply</a> <a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93DUP_agreement" title="Conservative–DUP agreement">agreement</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (DUP) of Northern Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-8">[3]</a> The Conservative Party, which had governed as a senior <a href="/wiki/Cameron%E2%80%93Clegg_coalition" title="Cameron–Clegg coalition">coalition</a> partner from <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> and as a single-party majority government from <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a>, was led by May as Prime Minister. It was defending a working majority of 17 seats against the opposition <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a>. It was the first general election to be contested by either May or Corbyn as party leader; May had succeeded <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> following his resignation as prime minister the previous summer, while Corbyn had succeeded <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a> after he resigned following Labour's failure to win the general election two years earlier. Under the <a href="/wiki/Fixed-term_Parliaments_Act_2011" title="Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011">Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011</a> an election had not been due until May 2020, but Prime Minister May's call for a <a href="/wiki/Snap_election" title="Snap election">snap election</a> was ratified by the necessary two-thirds vote in the House of Commons on 19 April 2017. May said that she hoped to secure a larger majority to "strengthen [her] hand" in the forthcoming <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> negotiations.<a href="#cite_note-9">[4]</a> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a> had consistently shown strong leads for the Conservatives over Labour. From a 21-point lead, the Conservatives' lead began to diminish in the final weeks of the campaign. The Conservative Party returned 317 MPs—a net loss of 13 seats relative to 2015—despite winning 42.4% of the vote (its highest share of the vote since <a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a>), whereas the Labour Party made a net gain of 30 seats with 40.0% (its highest vote share since <a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> and its highest increase in vote share between two general elections since <a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">1945</a>). It was the first election since <a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a> in which the Conservatives made a net loss of seats or Labour a net gain of seats. The election had the closest result between the two major parties since <a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974</a> and resulted in their highest combined vote share since <a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> (SNP) and the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a>, the third- and fourth-largest parties, both lost vote share; media coverage characterised the result as a return to <a href="/wiki/Two-party_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-party politics">two-party politics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:18-10">[5]</a> The SNP, which had won 56 of the 59 Scottish seats at the previous general election in 2015, lost 21. The Liberal Democrats made a net gain of four seats. <a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a>, the third-largest party in 2015 by number of votes, saw its share of the vote reduced from 12.6% to 1.8% and lost its only seat. In Wales, <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> gained one seat, giving it a total of four seats. The <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> retained its sole seat, but its share of the vote declined. In Northern Ireland, the DUP won 10 seats, <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> won seven, and <a href="/wiki/Independent_Unionist" title="Independent Unionist">Independent Unionist</a> <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Hermon" title="Sylvia Hermon">Sylvia Hermon</a> retained her seat. The <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (SDLP) and <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (UUP) lost all their seats. Conservative leader <a href="/wiki/Kemi_Badenoch" title="Kemi Badenoch">Kemi Badenoch</a> first entered Parliament in this election. <a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations" title="Brexit negotiations">Negotiation positions</a> following the UK's <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_invocation_of_Article_50_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" title="United Kingdom invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union">invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union</a> in March 2017 to <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">leave the EU</a> were expected to feature significantly in the campaign, but did not as domestic issues took precedence instead. The campaign was interrupted by two major terrorist attacks: <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Arena_bombing" title="Manchester Arena bombing">Manchester</a> and <a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">London Bridge</a>; thus, national security became a prominent issue in its final weeks. The outcome of the election would have significant implications for the <a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations" title="Brexit negotiations">Brexit negotiations</a>, and led the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> into a period of protracted <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_votes_on_Brexit" title="Parliamentary votes on Brexit">deadlock</a> which would eventually bring about another general election <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">two and a half years later</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Electoral system">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Voting_System_and_Constituencies_Act_2011" title="Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011">Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(HM_Government)_(St_Edwards_Crown).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/60px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/90px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/120px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1256" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">2017 United Kingdom general election</a> (8 June) </th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Incumbent government</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_May_ministry" title="First May ministry">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Theresa_May" title="Premiership of Theresa May">Premiership</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Parties</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Campaign</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Candidates in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Endorsements</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Overview by country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_England" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Northern_Ireland" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Scotland" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Outcome</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_breakdown_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Breakdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">MPs elected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93DUP_agreement" title="Conservative–DUP agreement">Conservative–DUP agreement</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">New government</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_May_ministry" title="Second May ministry">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Theresa_May" title="Premiership of Theresa May">Premiership</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Related</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_who_stood_down_at_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="List of MPs who stood down at the 2017 United Kingdom general election">MPs who stood down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_invocation_of_Article_50_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" title="United Kingdom invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union">Invocation of Article 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations_in_2017" title="Brexit negotiations in 2017">Brexit negotiations in 2017</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;" class="">2017</td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_series" title="Template:2017 United Kingdom general election series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:2017 United Kingdom general election series (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2017 United Kingdom general election series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Each <a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">parliamentary constituency</a> of the United Kingdom elects one MP to the House of Commons using <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post voting</a>. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then that party is entitled to form the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Government</a>, with its leader as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a>. If the election results in no single party having a majority, there is a <a href="/wiki/Hung_parliament" title="Hung parliament">hung parliament</a>. In this case, the options for forming the Government are either a <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[6]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sixth_Periodic_Review_of_Westminster_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies">Sixth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies</a> was not due to report until 2018,<a href="#cite_note-12">[7]</a> and therefore this general election took place under existing boundaries, enabling direct comparisons with the <a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results of the 2015 United Kingdom general election">results by constituency in 2015</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Voting_eligibility">Voting eligibility</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Voting eligibility">edit</a>]</div> To vote in the general election, one had to be:<a href="#cite_note-13">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[9]</a> <ul><li>on the <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#Entitlement_to_register" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Electoral Register</a>;</li> <li>aged 18 or over on polling day;</li> <li>a British, <a href="/wiki/Irish_nationality_law" title="Irish nationality law">Irish</a> or <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_citizen" title="Commonwealth citizen">Commonwealth</a> citizen;</li> <li>a resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years),<a href="#cite_note-15">[n 6]</a> and;</li> <li>not legally excluded from voting (for example, a convicted person detained in prison or a mental hospital, or unlawfully at large if he/she would otherwise have been detained,<a href="#cite_note-16">[10]</a> or a person found guilty of certain corrupt or illegal practices<a href="#cite_note-17">[11]</a>) or disqualified from voting (<a href="/wiki/Noble_friend" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble friend">peers</a> sitting in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>).<a href="#cite_note-18">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[13]</a></li></ul> Individuals had to be <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#Registration_procedure" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">registered to vote</a> by midnight twelve working days before polling day (22 May).<a href="#cite_note-Deadlinetoregister-20">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBCParliamentaryTimetable-21">[15]</a> Anyone who qualified as an <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_elector#United_Kingdom" title="Anonymous elector">anonymous elector</a> had until midnight on 31 May to register.<a href="#cite_note-anonymouselector-23">[n 7]</a> A person who has two homes (such as a university student with a term-time address but lives at home during holidays) may be registered to vote at both addresses, as long as they are not in the same electoral area, but can vote in only one <a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">constituency</a> at the general election.<a href="#cite_note-24">[17]</a> On 18 May, <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> reported that more than 1.1 million people between 18 and 35 had registered to vote since the election was announced on 18 April. Of those, 591,730 were under the age of 25.<a href="#cite_note-25">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Date_and_cost_of_the_election">Date and cost of the election</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Date and cost of the election">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_London_polling_station_June_2017_election_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/North_London_polling_station_June_2017_election_01.jpg/220px-North_London_polling_station_June_2017_election_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/North_London_polling_station_June_2017_election_01.jpg/330px-North_London_polling_station_June_2017_election_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/North_London_polling_station_June_2017_election_01.jpg/440px-North_London_polling_station_June_2017_election_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Polling_station" title="Polling station">polling station</a> in north London</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Fixed-term_Parliaments_Act_2011" title="Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011">Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011</a> introduced fixed-term Parliaments to the United Kingdom, with elections scheduled every five years since the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">general election on 7 May 2015</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UKCLA-26">[19]</a> This removed the <a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_prime_minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Powers of the prime minister of the United Kingdom">power of the Prime Minister</a>, using the <a href="/wiki/Royal_prerogative_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Royal prerogative in the United Kingdom">royal prerogative</a>, to dissolve Parliament before its five-year maximum length.<a href="#cite_note-UKCLA-26">[19]</a> The Act permitted early dissolution if the House of Commons voted by a <a href="/wiki/Supermajority" title="Supermajority">supermajority</a> of two-thirds of the entire membership of the House. On 18 April 2017, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> announced she would seek an election on 8 June,<a href="#cite_note-:0-27">[20]</a> despite previously ruling out an early election.<a href="#cite_note-28">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[22]</a> A <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> motion to allow this was passed on 19 April, with 522 votes for and 13 against, a majority of 509.<a href="#cite_note-30">[23]</a> The motion was supported by the Conservatives, Labour, the Liberal Democrats and the Greens, while the SNP abstained.<a href="#cite_note-:0-27">[20]</a> Nine Labour MPs, one SDLP MP and three independents (<a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Hermon" title="Sylvia Hermon">Sylvia Hermon</a> and two former SNP MPs, <a href="/wiki/Natalie_McGarry" title="Natalie McGarry">Natalie McGarry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Thomson" title="Michelle Thomson">Michelle Thomson</a>) voted against the motion.<a href="#cite_note-31">[24]</a> Labour leader <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> supported the early election,<a href="#cite_note-32">[25]</a> as did Liberal Democrat leader <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[27]</a> The SNP stated that it was in favour of fixed-term parliaments, and would abstain in the House of Commons vote.<a href="#cite_note-35">[28]</a> UKIP leader <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Paul Nuttall</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister of Wales</a> <a href="/wiki/Carwyn_Jones" title="Carwyn Jones">Carwyn Jones</a> criticised May for being opportunistic in the timing of the election, motivated by the then strong position of the Conservative Party in the opinion polls.<a href="#cite_note-36">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[30]</a> On 25 April, the election date was confirmed as 8 June,<a href="#cite_note-gazette-election-date-38">[31]</a> with <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Dissolution of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">dissolution</a> on 3 May. The government announced that it intended for the next parliament to assemble on 13 June, with the <a href="/wiki/State_opening" class="mw-redirect" title="State opening">state opening</a> on 19 June.<a href="#cite_note-gazette-new-parliament-39">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Timetable">Timetable</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Timetable">edit</a>]</div> The key dates are listed below (all times are <a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">BST</a>):<a href="#cite_note-40">[33]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 50px;">18 April</td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> announced her intention to hold a snap election<a href="#cite_note-41">[34]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 April</td> <td>MPs voted to dissolve Parliament<a href="#cite_note-42">[35]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 April</td> <td>Start of <a href="/wiki/Pre-election_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-election period">pre-election period</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[37]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 April</td> <td>Royal Proclamation under section 2(7) of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 issued by HM The Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister<a href="#cite_note-gazette-election-date-38">[31]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 April</td> <td>Second session of Parliament <a href="/wiki/Legislative_session#United_Kingdom" title="Legislative session">prorogued</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[38]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Dissolution of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">Formal dissolution</a> of Parliament (for the election to take place on 8 June) and official start of 'short' campaigning<a href="#cite_note-46">[39]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 May</td> <td>Royal Proclamation was issued summoning a new UK Parliament<a href="#cite_note-gazette-new-parliament-39">[32]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">Local elections</a> (these were already scheduled, and were not part of the general election)<a href="#cite_note-47">[40]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 May</td> <td>Deadline (4pm) for the delivery of candidate nomination papers<a href="#cite_note-48">[41]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 May</td> <td>Deadline (5pm) for the publication of Statements of Persons Nominated (or 4 pm on 12 May if objections were received)<a href="#cite_note-49">[42]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 May</td> <td>Earliest date <a href="/wiki/Returning_officer#United_Kingdom" title="Returning officer">returning officers</a> could issue poll cards<a href="#cite_note-50">[43]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#By_post" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">postal ballot packs</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[44]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 May</td> <td>Last day the public was able to <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#Registration_procedure" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">register to vote</a> (unless an <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_elector#United_Kingdom" title="Anonymous elector">anonymous elector</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Deadlinetoregister-20">[14]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 May</td> <td>Deadline (5pm) to apply for a <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#By_post" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">postal vote</a>/<a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#By_proxy" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">postal proxy vote</a><a href="#cite_note-Absentvotingdeadline-52">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-ECabsentvotingguidance-53">[46]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 May</td> <td>Deadline (5pm) to apply for a <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#By_proxy" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">proxy vote</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Absentvotingdeadline-52">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-ECabsentvotingguidance-53">[46]</a> and last day to <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#Registration_procedure" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">register to vote</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_elector#United_Kingdom" title="Anonymous elector">anonymous elector</a><a href="#cite_note-anonymouselector-23">[n 7]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 June</td> <td>Polling day (<a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#In_person" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">polling stations</a> opened at 7 am and closed at 10 pm, or once voters present in a queue at or outside the polling station at 10 pm had cast their vote).<a href="#cite_note-54">[47]</a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#Post-election" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Counting of votes</a> started no later than 2 am on 9 June.<a href="#cite_note-55">[48]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 June</td> <td>First meeting of the 57th Parliament of the United Kingdom, for the formal election of a Speaker of the Commons and the swearing-in of members, ahead of the State Opening of the new Parliament's first session.<a href="#cite_note-56">[49]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/State_Opening_of_Parliament" title="State Opening of Parliament">State Opening of Parliament</a> (initially planned for 19 June)<a href="#cite_note-57">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[51]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cost">Cost</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cost">edit</a>]</div> The cost of organising the election was around £140 million – slightly less than the EU referendum, of which £98 million was spent on administrative costs, and £42.5 million was spent on campaign costs.<a href="#cite_note-59">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parties_and_candidates">Parties and candidates</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Parties and candidates">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Labour_party_campaigning_June_2017_election.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Labour_party_campaigning_June_2017_election.jpg/220px-Labour_party_campaigning_June_2017_election.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Labour_party_campaigning_June_2017_election.jpg/330px-Labour_party_campaigning_June_2017_election.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Labour_party_campaigning_June_2017_election.jpg/440px-Labour_party_campaigning_June_2017_election.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Campaigning on polling day, 8 June 2017</figcaption></figure> Most candidates were representatives of a political party registered with the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(United_Kingdom)" title="Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)">Electoral Commission</a>. Candidates not belonging to a registered party could use an "independent" label, or no label at all. The leader of the party commanding a majority of support in the House of Commons is the person who is called on by the monarch to form a government as Prime Minister, while the leader of the largest party not in government becomes the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a>. Other parties also form shadow ministerial teams. The leaders of the SNP, Plaid Cymru and the DUP are not MPs; hence, they appoint separate leaders in the House of Commons. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Britain">Great Britain</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Great Britain">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> have been the two biggest parties since <a href="/wiki/1922_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1922 United Kingdom general election">1922</a>, and have supplied all <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Ministers</a> since 1922. Both parties changed their leader after the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 election</a>. <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a>, who had been the leader of the Conservative Party since <a href="/wiki/2005_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="2005 Conservative Party leadership election">2005</a> and Prime Minister since <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a>, was <a href="/wiki/2016_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="2016 Conservative Party leadership election">replaced</a> in July 2016 by <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Referendum_on_the_United_Kingdom%27s_membership_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union">referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> <a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">replaced</a> <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a> as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader of the Labour Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a> in September 2015, and was <a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">re-elected</a> leader in September 2016. While the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> and their predecessors had long been the third-largest party in British politics, they returned only 8 MPs in 2015 (having been part of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition from 2010 until 2015)—49 fewer than at the previous election and the fewest in their modern history.<a href="#cite_note-libdemhistory-60">[n 8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a> <a href="/wiki/2015_Liberal_Democrats_leadership_election" title="2015 Liberal Democrats leadership election">became the Liberal Democrat leader</a> in July 2015, following the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Nick_Clegg" title="Nick Clegg">Nick Clegg</a>. Led by <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister of Scotland</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a>, the SNP stands only in Scotland; it won 56 of the 59 Scottish seats in 2015. UKIP, then led by <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Farage" title="Nigel Farage">Nigel Farage</a>, who was later replaced by <a href="/wiki/Diane_James" title="Diane James">Diane James</a> and then by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Paul Nuttall</a> in 2016, won 12.7% of the vote in 2015 but gained only one MP, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Carswell" title="Douglas Carswell">Douglas Carswell</a>, who left the party in March 2017 to sit as an independent. After securing 3.8% of the vote and one MP in the previous general election, Green Party leader <a href="/wiki/Natalie_Bennett" title="Natalie Bennett">Natalie Bennett</a> was succeeded by joint leaders <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Caroline Lucas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Jonathan Bartley</a> in September 2016. Smaller parties that contested the 2015 election and chose not to put forward candidates in 2017 included <a href="/wiki/Mebyon_Kernow" title="Mebyon Kernow">Mebyon Kernow</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="Communist Party of Britain">Communist Party of Britain</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Socialist_Party" title="Scottish Socialist Party">Scottish Socialist Party</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[55]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Respect_Party" title="Respect Party">Respect Party</a>, which had previously held seats, was dissolved in 2016; its former MP <a href="/wiki/George_Galloway" title="George Galloway">George Galloway</a> stood and lost in the 2017 election as an independent in <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Gorton" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester Gorton">Manchester Gorton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fenton-64">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Ireland">Northern Ireland</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Northern Ireland">edit</a>]</div> In <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (DUP), <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (SDLP), the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (UUP), the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party of Northern Ireland">Green Party of Northern Ireland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party</a> contested the 2017 election. Sinn Féin maintained its <a href="/wiki/Abstentionism#Sinn_Féin" title="Abstentionism">abstentionist</a> policy.<a href="#cite_note-66">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[59]</a> The DUP, Sinn Féin, SDLP, UUP and APNI were all led by new party leaders, changed since the 2015 election. The Conservatives, Greens, and four other minor parties also stood. Despite contesting 10 seats last time, UKIP did not stand in Northern Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-:8-68">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Candidates">Candidates</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Candidates">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Candidates in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Candidates in the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a></div> 3,304 candidates stood for election, down from 3,631 in the previous general election. The Conservatives stood in 637 seats, Labour in 631 (including <a href="/wiki/Labour_Co-operative" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour Co-operative">jointly</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Co-operative_Party" title="Co-operative Party">Co-operative Party</a> in 50)<a href="#cite_note-:15-69">[61]</a> and the Liberal Democrats in 629. UKIP stood in 377 constituencies, down from 624 in 2015, while the Greens stood in 468, down from 573. The SNP contested all <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Westminster_constituencies" title="Scottish Westminster constituencies">59 Scottish seats</a> and Plaid Cymru stood in all <a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Wales">40 Welsh seats</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[62]</a> In Great Britain, 183 candidates stood as <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independents</a>; minor parties included the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Peoples_Alliance" title="Christian Peoples Alliance">Christian Peoples Alliance</a> which contested 31 seats, the <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_Party" title="Yorkshire Party">Yorkshire Party</a> which stood in 21, the <a href="/wiki/Official_Monster_Raving_Loony_Party" title="Official Monster Raving Loony Party">Official Monster Raving Loony Party</a> in 12, the <a href="/wiki/British_National_Party" title="British National Party">British National Party</a> in 10, the <a href="/wiki/Pirate_Party_UK" title="Pirate Party UK">Pirate Party</a> in 10, the <a href="/wiki/English_Democrats" title="English Democrats">English Democrats</a> in 7, the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Equality_Party" title="Women's Equality Party">Women's Equality Party</a> in 7, the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK,_1990%E2%80%93present)" title="Social Democratic Party (UK, 1990–present)">Social Democratic Party</a> in 6, the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Action_Party" title="National Health Action Party">National Health Action Party</a> in 5 and the <a href="/wiki/Workers_Revolutionary_Party_(UK)" title="Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)">Workers Revolutionary Party</a> in 5, while an additional 79 candidates stood for 46 other registered political parties.<a href="#cite_note-:15-69">[61]</a> In Wales, 213 candidates stood for election. Labour, Conservatives, Plaid Cymru, and Liberal Democrats contested all forty seats and there were 32 UKIP and 10 Green candidates.<a href="#cite_note-71">[63]</a> In Scotland, the SNP, the Conservatives, Labour and the Liberal Democrats stood in all 59 seats while UKIP contested 10 seats and the Greens only 3.<a href="#cite_note-:11-72">[64]</a> Of the 109 candidates in Northern Ireland, Sinn Féin, the SDLP and the Alliance contested all 18 seats; the DUP stood in 17, the UUP in 14 and the <a href="/wiki/NI_Conservatives" class="mw-redirect" title="NI Conservatives">Conservatives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party in Northern Ireland">Greens</a> stood in 7 each. <a href="/wiki/People_Before_Profit" title="People Before Profit">People Before Profit</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">Workers' Party</a> contested two seats while <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a> and the new <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Independent_Social_Thought_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizens Independent Social Thought Alliance">Citizens Independent Social Thought Alliance</a> stood in one each; four independents including incumbent <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Hermon" title="Sylvia Hermon">Sylvia Hermon</a> also stood.<a href="#cite_note-:8-68">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Party_selection_processes">Party selection processes</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Party selection processes">edit</a>]</div> Unlike in previous elections, the timetable of the snap election required parties to select candidates in just under three weeks, to meet the 11 May deadline. For the Conservatives, <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Association" title="Conservative Association">local associations</a> in target seats were offered a choice of three candidates by the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Campaign_Headquarters" title="Conservative Campaign Headquarters">party's headquarters</a> from an existing list of candidates, without inviting applications; candidates in non-target seats were to be appointed directly by central party offices; and successful MPs were to be confirmed by a meeting of their local parties.<a href="#cite_note-:1-73">[65]</a> This was controversial with local associations.<a href="#cite_note-74">[66]</a> The Labour Party required sitting MPs to express their intention to stand, automatically re-selecting those who did; and it advertised for applications from party members for all remaining seats by 23 April.<a href="#cite_note-:1-73">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[67]</a> Having devolved selections to its Scottish and Welsh parties, Labour's <a href="/wiki/National_Executive_Committee_of_the_Labour_Party" title="National Executive Committee of the Labour Party">National Executive Committee</a> endorsed all parliamentary candidates on 3 May except for <a href="/wiki/Rochdale_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Rochdale (UK Parliament constituency)">Rochdale</a>, the seat of suspended MP <a href="/wiki/Simon_Danczuk" title="Simon Danczuk">Simon Danczuk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[68]</a> On 7 May, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Rotheram" title="Steve Rotheram">Steve Rotheram</a> announced he was standing down as MP for <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Walton" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool Walton">Liverpool Walton</a> following his election as <a href="/wiki/2017_Liverpool_City_Region_mayoral_election" title="2017 Liverpool City Region mayoral election">Liverpool City Region mayor</a>, leaving five days to appoint a candidate by close of nominations.<a href="#cite_note-:5-77">[69]</a> The SNP confirmed on 22 April that its 54 sitting MPs would be re-selected and that its suspended members <a href="/wiki/Natalie_McGarry" title="Natalie McGarry">Natalie McGarry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Thomson" title="Michelle Thomson">Michelle Thomson</a> would not be nominated as SNP candidates; the party subsequently selected candidates for McGarry's and Thomson's former seats, as well as for the three Scottish constituencies it did not win in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-78">[70]</a> The Liberal Democrats had already selected 326 candidates in 2016 and over 70 in 2017 before the election was called.<a href="#cite_note-:1-73">[65]</a> Meetings of local party members from UKIP, the Greens and Plaid Cymru selected their candidates.<a href="#cite_note-:1-73">[65]</a> Parties in Northern Ireland were not believed to have already selected candidates due to the Assembly elections in March.<a href="#cite_note-:1-73">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="High-profile_candidates">High-profile candidates</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: High-profile candidates">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Conservative">Conservative</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Conservative">edit</a>]</div> Former employment minister <a href="/wiki/Esther_McVey" title="Esther McVey">Esther McVey</a> was selected to contest <a href="/wiki/Tatton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tatton (UK Parliament constituency)">Tatton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Zac_Goldsmith" title="Zac Goldsmith">Zac Goldsmith</a> was adopted as the candidate for <a href="/wiki/Richmond_Park_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Richmond Park (UK Parliament constituency)">Richmond Park</a>, having lost the <a href="/wiki/2016_Richmond_Park_by-election" title="2016 Richmond Park by-election">2016 by-election</a> as an independent in protest against the form of the Government's chosen expert's recommended <a href="/wiki/Heathrow_expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Heathrow expansion">Heathrow expansion</a>. He had served as the seat's Conservative MP between 2010 and 2016.<a href="#cite_note-79">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[72]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clarke" title="Kenneth Clarke">Kenneth Clarke</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House_(United_Kingdom)" title="Father of the House (United Kingdom)">Father of the House of Commons</a>, had said he would retire in 2020 and so stood again in the 2017 election, leaving it open for him to retire possibly in 2022 (he eventually retired in 2019 when <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">that year's national election</a> was called).<a href="#cite_note-81">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Labour">Labour</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Labour">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Lloyd" title="Tony Lloyd">Tony Lloyd</a>, a former Labour MP for <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Central_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Manchester Central (UK Parliament constituency)">Manchester Central</a> who served as <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Police_and_Crime_Commissioner" title="Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner">Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner</a> from 2012 and interim <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Greater_Manchester" title="Mayor of Greater Manchester">Mayor of Greater Manchester</a> since 2015 stood in <a href="/wiki/Rochdale_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Rochdale (UK Parliament constituency)">Rochdale</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[75]</a> Eli Aldridge was just 18 years old when he challenged then Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron in his Westmorland and Lonsdale constituency.<a href="#cite_note-84">[76]</a> News coverage showed Aldridge balancing campaigning with revision for his A-level examinations, even missing the start of his end-of-year ball to speak at a hustings in Kendal.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Liberal_Democrats">Liberal Democrats</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Liberal Democrats">edit</a>]</div> Those ministers defeated in 2015 who stood for election in their former seats included <a href="/wiki/Vince_Cable" title="Vince Cable">Vince Cable</a> in <a href="/wiki/Twickenham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)">Twickenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Davey" title="Ed Davey">Ed Davey</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingston_and_Surbiton" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston and Surbiton">Kingston and Surbiton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jo_Swinson" title="Jo Swinson">Jo Swinson</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Dunbartonshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)">East Dunbartonshire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Simon_Hughes" title="Simon Hughes">Simon Hughes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bermondsey_and_Old_Southwark" class="mw-redirect" title="Bermondsey and Old Southwark">Bermondsey and Old Southwark</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="UKIP_leader">UKIP leader</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: UKIP leader">edit</a>]</div> After coming second in the <a href="/wiki/2017_Stoke-on-Trent_Central_by-election" title="2017 Stoke-on-Trent Central by-election">Stoke-on-Trent Central by-election</a> earlier in 2017, UKIP leader <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Paul Nuttall</a> contested <a href="/wiki/Boston_and_Skegness" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston and Skegness">Boston and Skegness</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="MPs_rejected_by_their_parties">MPs rejected by their parties</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: MPs rejected by their parties">edit</a>]</div> Former Labour MP <a href="/wiki/Simon_Danczuk" title="Simon Danczuk">Simon Danczuk</a> stood as an independent candidate, after being rejected from standing with that party and then withdrawing his party membership.<a href="#cite_note-87">[79]</a> After the Liberal Democrats rejected <a href="/wiki/David_Ward_(British_politician)" title="David Ward (British politician)">David Ward</a>, the former MP for <a href="/wiki/Bradford_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Bradford East">Bradford East</a>, for <a href="/wiki/Anti-semitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-semitism">anti-semitism</a>, he contested that seat as an independent.<a href="#cite_note-88">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electoral_alliances_and_arrangements">Electoral alliances and arrangements</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Electoral alliances and arrangements">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election#Endorsements_for_individual_candidates" title="Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election § Endorsements for individual candidates</a></div> Ahead of the general election, <a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">crowdfunding</a> groups such as <a href="/wiki/More_United" title="More United">More United</a> and <a href="/wiki/Open_Britain" title="Open Britain">Open Britain</a> were formed to promote candidates of similar views standing for election, and a "<a href="/wiki/Progressive_alliance_(UK)" title="Progressive alliance (UK)">progressive alliance</a>" was proposed.<a href="#cite_note-90">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[85]</a> Former UKIP donor <a href="/wiki/Arron_Banks" title="Arron Banks">Arron Banks</a> suggested a "patriotic alliance" movement.<a href="#cite_note-94">[86]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Tactical_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactical voting">Tactical voting</a> spreadsheet to keep the Conservatives out of government went viral on social media.<a href="#cite_note-95">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[88]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gina_Miller" title="Gina Miller">Gina Miller</a>, who took the government to court over <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_invocation_of_Article_50_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" title="United Kingdom invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union">Article 50</a>, set out plans to tour marginal constituencies in support of pro-EU candidates.<a href="#cite_note-97">[89]</a> Within a few days of the election being announced, the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party of England and Wales</a> and the SNP each proposed to collaborate with Labour and the Liberal Democrats to prevent a Conservative majority government.<a href="#cite_note-98">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[91]</a> Liberal Democrat leader <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a> quickly reaffirmed his party's opposition to an electoral pact or coalition with Labour, citing "electorally toxic" Corbyn and concerns over Labour's position on Brexit.<a href="#cite_note-100">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[93]</a> On 22 April the Liberal Democrats also ruled out a coalition deal with the Conservatives and SNP.<a href="#cite_note-theguardian1-102">[94]</a> Labour ruled out an electoral pact with the SNP, Liberal Democrats and Greens.<a href="#cite_note-103">[95]</a> Notwithstanding national arrangements, the Liberal Democrats, the Greens, and UKIP indicated they might not stand in every constituency.<a href="#cite_note-auto-104">[96]</a> The Green Party of England and Wales chose not to contest 22 seats explicitly "to increase the chance of a progressive candidate beating the Conservatives",<a href="#cite_note-105">[97]</a> including <a href="/wiki/South_West_Surrey" class="mw-redirect" title="South West Surrey">South West Surrey</a>, the seat of <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Health">Health Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a>, in favour of the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Action_Party" title="National Health Action Party">National Health Action Party</a> candidate.<a href="#cite_note-106">[98]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Green_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Green Party">Scottish Green Party</a> contested just three constituencies.<a href="#cite_note-:11-72">[64]</a> The Liberal Democrats agreed to stand down in <a href="/wiki/Brighton_Pavilion_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Brighton Pavilion (UK Parliament constituency)">Brighton Pavilion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-107">[99]</a> After indicating it might not nominate candidates in seats held by strongly pro-Brexit Conservative MPs,<a href="#cite_note-108">[100]</a> UKIP nominated 377 candidates; it was suggested this would help the Conservatives in marginal seats.<a href="#cite_note-109">[101]</a> In Northern Ireland, there were talks between the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-104">[96]</a> Rather than engaging in a formal pact, the DUP agreed not to contest <a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)">Fermanagh and South Tyrone</a>, while the UUP chose not to stand in four constituencies.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-110">[102]</a> Talks took place between Sinn Féin, the SDLP and the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party in Northern Ireland">Green Party in Northern Ireland</a> about an anti-Brexit agreement (the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party</a> were approached but declined to be involved)<a href="#cite_note-111">[103]</a> but no agreement was reached; the Greens said there was "too much distance" between the parties, Sinn Féin's abstentionist policy was criticised, and the SDLP admitted an agreement was unlikely.<a href="#cite_note-112">[104]</a> On 8 May, the SDLP rejected Sinn Féin's call for them to stand aside in some seats.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-110">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campaign">Campaign</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Campaign">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> Prior to the calling of the general election, the Liberal Democrats gained Richmond Park from the Conservatives in a <a href="/wiki/2016_Richmond_Park_by-election" title="2016 Richmond Park by-election">by-election</a>, a seat characterised by its high Remain vote in the 2016 EU referendum.<a href="#cite_note-113">[105]</a> The Conservatives held the <a href="/wiki/Safe_seat" title="Safe seat">safe seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/2016_Sleaford_and_North_Hykeham_by-election" title="2016 Sleaford and North Hykeham by-election">Sleaford and North Hykeham</a> in December 2016.<a href="#cite_note-114">[106]</a> In by-elections on 23 February 2017, Labour held <a href="/wiki/2017_Stoke-on-Trent_Central_by-election" title="2017 Stoke-on-Trent Central by-election">Stoke-on-Trent Central</a> but lost <a href="/wiki/2017_Copeland_by-election" title="2017 Copeland by-election">Copeland</a> to the Conservatives, the first time a governing party had gained a seat in a by-election since the Conservatives took <a href="/wiki/Mitcham_and_Morden" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitcham and Morden">Mitcham and Morden</a> in <a href="/wiki/1982_Mitcham_and_Morden_by-election" title="1982 Mitcham and Morden by-election">1982</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[107]</a> The general election came soon after the Northern Ireland <a href="/wiki/2017_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election">Assembly election</a> on 2 March. Talks on power-sharing between the DUP and Sinn Féin had failed to reach a conclusion, with Northern Ireland thus facing either another Assembly election, or the imposition of <a href="/wiki/Direct_rule_over_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct rule over Northern Ireland">direct rule</a>. The deadline was subsequently extended to 29 June.<a href="#cite_note-116">[108]</a> <a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">Local elections</a> in England, Scotland and Wales took place on 4 May. These saw large gains by the Conservatives, and large losses by Labour and UKIP. Notably, the Conservatives won <a href="/wiki/Metro_mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro mayor">metro mayor</a> elections in <a href="/wiki/2017_Tees_Valley_mayoral_election" title="2017 Tees Valley mayoral election">Tees Valley</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2017_West_Midlands_mayoral_election" title="2017 West Midlands mayoral election">West Midlands</a>, areas traditionally seen as Labour heartlands.<a href="#cite_note-117">[109]</a> Initially scheduled for 4 May, a <a href="/wiki/2017_Manchester_Gorton_by-election" title="2017 Manchester Gorton by-election">by-election in Manchester Gorton</a> was cancelled; the seat was contested on 8 June along with all the other seats.<a href="#cite_note-118">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[111]</a> On 6 May, a letter from Church of England Archbishops <a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Sentamu" title="John Sentamu">John Sentamu</a> stressed the importance of education, housing, communities and health.<a href="#cite_note-120">[112]</a> All parties suspended campaigning for a time in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Arena_bombing" title="Manchester Arena bombing">Manchester Arena bombing</a> on 22 May.<a href="#cite_note-121">[113]</a> The SNP had been scheduled to release their manifesto for the election but this was delayed.<a href="#cite_note-122">[114]</a> Campaigning resumed on 25 May.<a href="#cite_note-123">[115]</a> Major political parties also suspended campaigning for a second time on 4 June, following the <a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">London Bridge attack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[116]</a> UKIP chose to continue campaigning.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-125">[117]</a> There were unsuccessful calls for polling day to be postponed.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-125">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Issues">Issues</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Issues">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brexit">Brexit</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Brexit">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/UK%27s_withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="UK's withdrawal from the European Union">UK's withdrawal from the European Union</a> was expected to be a key issue in the campaign,<a href="#cite_note-126">[118]</a> but featured less than expected.<a href="#cite_note-127">[119]</a> May said she called the snap election to secure a majority for her <a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations" title="Brexit negotiations">Brexit negotiations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-128">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> supported a "clean, quick and efficient Brexit" and, launching his party's election campaign, Nuttall stated that Brexit was a "job half done" and UKIP MPs were needed to "see this through to the end".<a href="#cite_note-129">[121]</a> Labour had supported Brexit in the previous parliament – Corbyn did not vote against the triggering of Article 50. Corbyn's actions in the previous parliament therefore dispelled the doubts of Labour voters who had voted to leave the EU.<a href="#cite_note-130">[122]</a> However, his vision for Brexit prioritised different plans for the UK outside the EU. He wanted for Britain to still maintain the benefits of the single market and the custom union.<a href="#cite_note-131">[123]</a> The Liberal Democrats and Greens called for a deal to keep the UK in the <a href="/wiki/European_single_market" title="European single market">single market</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Proposed_referendum_on_the_Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Proposed referendum on the Brexit withdrawal agreement">second referendum on any deal</a> proposed between the EU and the UK.<a href="#cite_note-132">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[126]</a> The Conservative manifesto committed the party to leaving the single market and <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">customs union</a>, but sought a "deep and special partnership" through a comprehensive free trade and customs agreement. It proposed seeking to remain part of some EU programmes where it would "be reasonable that we make a contribution", staying as a signatory of the <a href="/wiki/European_Convention_on_Human_Rights" title="European Convention on Human Rights">European Convention on Human Rights</a> over the next parliament, and maintaining the <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Act_1998" title="Human Rights Act 1998">Human Rights Act</a> during Brexit negotiations. Parliament would be able to amend or repeal EU legislation once converted into UK law, and have a vote on the final agreement.<a href="#cite_note-:14-135">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Security">Security</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Security">edit</a>]</div> Two major terrorist attacks took place during the election campaign, with parties arguing about the best way to prevent such events.<a href="#cite_note-136">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-:Peck:-137">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[130]</a> May, after the second attack, focused on global co-operation to tackle Islamist ideology and tackling the use of the internet by terrorist groups.<a href="#cite_note-139">[131]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">failed verification</a>]<a href="#cite_note-140">[132]</a> After the first attack, Labour criticised cuts in police numbers under the Conservative government.<a href="#cite_note-141">[133]</a> Corbyn also linked the Manchester attack to British foreign policy.<a href="#cite_note-:Peck:-137">[129]</a> The Conservatives stated that spending on counter-terrorism for both the police and other agencies had risen.<a href="#cite_note-142">[134]</a> Former Conservative strategist <a href="/wiki/Steve_Hilton" title="Steve Hilton">Steve Hilton</a> said <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> should be "resigning not seeking re-election", because her police cuts and security failures had led to the attacks.<a href="#cite_note-resign_independent-143">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-resign_telegraph-144">[136]</a> Corbyn backed calls for May to resign, but said she should be removed by voters.<a href="#cite_note-resign_guardian-145">[137]</a> May said that police budgets for counter-terrorism had been maintained and that Corbyn had voted against counter-terrorism legislation.<a href="#cite_note-146">[138]</a> The Conservative manifesto proposed more <a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Internet censorship in the United Kingdom">government control and regulation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Internet in the United Kingdom">Internet</a>, including forcing Internet companies to restrict access to extremist and adult content.<a href="#cite_note-147">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[140]</a> Following the London attack, Theresa May called for international agreements to regulate the internet.<a href="#cite_note-149">[141]</a> The Conservative stance on regulation of the internet and social media was criticised by Farron and the <a href="/wiki/Open_Rights_Group" title="Open Rights Group">Open Rights Group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbc123-150">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[143]</a> On 6 June, May promised longer prison sentences for people convicted of terrorism and restrictions on the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_movement#United_Kingdom" title="Freedom of movement">freedom of movement</a> or <a href="/wiki/UK_immigration_enforcement#Deportation" title="UK immigration enforcement">deportation</a> of militant suspects when it is thought they present a threat but there is not enough evidence to prosecute them, stating that she would change <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Human rights in the United Kingdom">human rights</a> laws to do so if necessary.<a href="#cite_note-152">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[145]</a> The UK's nuclear weapons, including the renewal of <a href="/wiki/Trident_(UK_nuclear_programme)" title="Trident (UK nuclear programme)">the Trident system</a>, also featured in the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-trident-154">[146]</a> The Conservatives and Liberal Democrats favoured Trident renewal.<a href="#cite_note-155">[147]</a> Labour's manifesto committed to Trident renewal; Corbyn confirmed renewal would take place under Labour, but declined to explicitly speak in favour.<a href="#cite_note-trident-154">[146]</a> He also declined to answer whether as prime minister he would use nuclear weapons if the UK was under imminent nuclear threat.<a href="#cite_note-156">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Social_care">Social care</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Social care">edit</a>]</div> Social care became a major election issue after the Conservative Party's manifesto included new proposals, which were subsequently altered after criticism.<a href="#cite_note-157">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[151]</a> The previous coalition government had commissioned a review by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dilnot" title="Andrew Dilnot">Andrew Dilnot</a> into how to fund social care.<a href="#cite_note-160">[152]</a> Measures that were seen to disadvantage pensioners were also in the Conservative manifesto: eliminating the <a href="/wiki/State_Pension_(United_Kingdom)#Pensions_Act_2007" title="State Pension (United Kingdom)">pension triple lock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winter_Fuel_Payment" title="Winter Fuel Payment">Winter Fuel Payments</a> for all pensioners. After the election, journalist <a href="/wiki/Tim_Shipman" title="Tim Shipman">Tim Shipman</a> argued that social care was the single issue that cost May her majority.<a href="#cite_note-Shipman_2017-161">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Scottish_independence_and_the_future_of_the_UK">Scottish independence and the future of the UK</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Scottish independence and the future of the UK">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Proposed_second_Scottish_independence_referendum" title="Proposed second Scottish independence referendum">Proposed second Scottish independence referendum</a></div> The question of a proposed <a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence" title="Scottish independence">Scottish independence</a> referendum was also thought likely to influence the campaign in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. On 28 March 2017, the Scottish Parliament approved a motion requesting that Westminster pass a Section 30 order giving the Parliament the authority to hold a second independence referendum,<a href="#cite_note-162">[154]</a> suggesting that there had been a "material change of circumstances" since the <a href="/wiki/2014_Scottish_independence_referendum" title="2014 Scottish independence referendum">independence referendum in 2014</a> as a result of Britain's vote to leave the EU and Scotland's vote to remain.<a href="#cite_note-163">[155]</a> The SNP hoped to hold a second independence referendum once the Brexit terms a were clear but before Britain left the EU; May said her government would not approve an independence referendum before <a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations" title="Brexit negotiations">Brexit negotiations</a> had finished.<a href="#cite_note-164">[156]</a> After the final results were announced the SNP had lost 13% of the Scottish vote and one third of their seats – leading Sturgeon to conclude that, "Undoubtedly the issue of an independence referendum was a factor in this election result, but I think there were other factors as well".<a href="#cite_note-165">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="University_tuition_fees">University tuition fees</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: University tuition fees">edit</a>]</div> Labour was thought to have attracted a significant number of student voters with its pledge to abolish tuition fees, which stands at £9,250 a year in England, and bring back student grants.<a href="#cite_note-166">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Possible_coalitions">Possible coalitions</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Possible coalitions">edit</a>]</div> Although Labour and the Liberal Democrats both rejected election pacts with each other and with the Greens and the SNP, and although the Liberal Democrats ruled out a coalition deal with the Conservatives, the Conservatives campaigned on the proposition that such deals might nevertheless occur, using the phrase "coalition of chaos".<a href="#cite_note-theguardian1-102">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[159]</a> Similar messages against a potential <a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact" title="Lib–Lab pact">Lib–Lab pact</a> were credited with securing a Conservative win in the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a> and <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a> elections.<a href="#cite_note-168">[160]</a> On 19 April, May warned against a Labour–SNP–Lib Dem pact that would "divide our country".<a href="#cite_note-:3-169">[161]</a> After the hung result led the Conservatives to seek DUP support for a minority government, this rhetoric was mocked by opponents.<a href="#cite_note-170">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_campaigns">Party campaigns</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Party campaigns">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conservatives">Conservatives</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Conservatives">edit</a>]</div> May launched the Conservative campaign with a focus on Brexit, lower domestic taxes and avoiding a Labour–SNP-Lib Dem "coalition of chaos", but she refused to commit not to raise taxes.<a href="#cite_note-:2-171">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-169">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[164]</a> On 30 April, May stated that it was her intention to lower taxes if the Conservatives won the general election, but only explicitly ruled out raising VAT.<a href="#cite_note-173">[165]</a> May reiterated her commitment to spending 0.7% of <a href="/wiki/Gross_national_income" title="Gross national income">GNI</a> on foreign aid.<a href="#cite_note-174">[166]</a> May hired <a href="/wiki/Lynton_Crosby" title="Lynton Crosby">Lynton Crosby</a>, the campaign manager for the Conservatives in the 2015 general election, as well as former <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a> <a href="/wiki/2012_Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Barack Obama presidential campaign">campaign</a> manager, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Messina_(political_staffer)" title="Jim Messina (political staffer)">Jim Messina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-175">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[168]</a> The Conservative campaign was noted for the use of targeted adverts on social media, in particular attacking Corbyn.<a href="#cite_note-177">[169]</a> The repeated use of the phrase "<a href="/wiki/Strong_and_stable" title="Strong and stable">strong and stable</a>" in the Conservatives' campaigning attracted attention and criticism.<a href="#cite_note-178">[170]</a> Some expressed concern that the party may have restricted media access to the prime minister.<a href="#cite_note-179">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[173]</a> While some speculated that an investigation into <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_2015_party_spending_investigation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom general election, 2015 party spending investigation">campaign spending by the Conservatives in the 2015 general election</a> was a factor behind the snap election,<a href="#cite_note-182">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[175]</a> on 10 May the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Prosecution_Service" title="Crown Prosecution Service">Crown Prosecution Service</a> said that despite evidence of inaccurate spending returns, no further action was required.<a href="#cite_note-184">[176]</a> On 7 May the Conservatives promised to replace the <a href="/wiki/Mental_Health_Act_1983" title="Mental Health Act 1983">Mental Health Act 1983</a>, to employ an additional 10,000 NHS mental health workers by 2020 and to tackle discrimination against those with mental health problems.<a href="#cite_note-185">[177]</a> May indicated that the Conservatives would maintain their net immigration target, and promised to implement a cap on "rip-off energy prices",<a href="#cite_note-186">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[179]</a> a policy that appeared in Labour's 2015 manifesto.<a href="#cite_note-188">[180]</a> May indicated she would permit a free vote among Conservative MPs on repealing the <a href="/wiki/Hunting_Act_2004" title="Hunting Act 2004">ban on fox hunting in England and Wales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-189">[181]</a> On 11 May the Conservatives promised above-inflation increases in defence spending alongside its <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> commitment to spend at least 2% of GDP on defence.<a href="#cite_note-190">[182]</a> In a speech in <a href="/wiki/Tynemouth" title="Tynemouth">Tynemouth</a> the next day, May said Labour had "deserted" working-class voters, criticised Labour's policy proposals and said Britain's future depended on making a success of Brexit.<a href="#cite_note-191">[183]</a> On 14 May the Conservatives proposed a "new generation" of <a href="/wiki/Public_housing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Public housing in the United Kingdom">social housing</a>, paid from the existing capital budget, offering funding to local authorities and changing <a href="/wiki/Compulsory_purchase_in_England_and_Wales" title="Compulsory purchase in England and Wales">compulsory purchase</a> rules.<a href="#cite_note-192">[184]</a> The following day May promised "a new deal for workers" that would maintain <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_labour_law" title="United Kingdom labour law">workers' rights</a> currently protected by the EU after Brexit, put worker representation on company boards, introduce a statutory right to <a href="/wiki/Leave_of_absence" title="Leave of absence">unpaid leave</a> to care for a relative and increase the <a href="/wiki/National_Living_Wage" title="National Living Wage">National Living Wage</a> in line with average earnings until 2022.<a href="#cite_note-:10-193">[185]</a> The proposals were characterised as an "unabashed pitch for Labour voters"; however Labour and the <a href="/wiki/GMB_trade_union" class="mw-redirect" title="GMB trade union">GMB trade union</a> criticised the government's past record on workers' rights.<a href="#cite_note-:10-193">[185]</a> Unveiling the Conservative manifesto in <a href="/wiki/Halifax,_West_Yorkshire" title="Halifax, West Yorkshire">Halifax</a> on 18 May, May promised a "mainstream government that would deliver for mainstream Britain".<a href="#cite_note-:13-194">[186]</a> It proposed to balance the budget by 2025, raise spending on the NHS by £8bn per year and on schools by £4bn per year by 2022, remove the ban on <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">grammar schools</a>, <a href="/wiki/Means-tested_benefit" class="mw-redirect" title="Means-tested benefit">means-test</a> the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Fuel_Payment" title="Winter Fuel Payment">winter fuel allowance</a>, replace the <a href="/wiki/State_Pension_(United_Kingdom)" title="State Pension (United Kingdom)">state pension</a> "triple lock" with a "double lock" and require executive pay to be approved by a vote of shareholders.<a href="#cite_note-:13-194">[186]</a> It dropped the 2015 pledge to not raise income tax or national insurance contributions but maintained a commitment to freeze <a href="/wiki/VAT" class="mw-redirect" title="VAT">VAT</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:13-194">[186]</a> New <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_wealth_fund" title="Sovereign wealth fund">sovereign wealth funds</a> for infrastructure, rules to prevent foreign takeovers of "critical national infrastructure" and <a href="/wiki/Institutes_of_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Institutes of technology">institutes of technology</a> were also proposed.<a href="#cite_note-195">[187]</a> The manifesto was noted for its intervention in industry, lack of tax cuts and increased spending commitments on public services.<a href="#cite_note-196">[188]</a> On Brexit it committed to leaving the single market and <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">customs union</a> while seeking a "deep and special partnership" and promised a vote in parliament on the final agreement.<a href="#cite_note-:14-135">[127]</a> The manifesto was noted for containing similar policies to those found in Labour's 2015 general election manifesto.<a href="#cite_note-newstatesman-197">[189]</a> The manifesto also proposed reforms to <a href="/wiki/Social_care_in_England" title="Social care in England">social care in England</a> that would raise the threshold for free care from £23,250 to £100,000, while including property in the means test and permitting deferred payment after death.<a href="#cite_note-:13-194">[186]</a> After attracting substantial media attention, four days after the manifesto launch, May stated that the proposed social care reforms would now include an "absolute limit" on costs in contrast to the rejection of a cap in the manifesto.<a href="#cite_note-:16-198">[190]</a> She criticised the "fake" portrayal of the policy in recent days by Labour and other critics, who had termed it a "dementia tax".<a href="#cite_note-:16-198">[190]</a> <a href="/wiki/Evening_Standard" title="Evening Standard">Evening Standard</a> editor and former Conservative Chancellor <a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a> called the policy change a "U-turn".<a href="#cite_note-199">[191]</a> The Conservative Party manifesto at the 2017 general election proposed repealing the <a href="/wiki/Fixed-term_Parliaments_Act_2011" title="Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011">Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011</a>.<a href="#cite_note-200">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Labour_2">Labour</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Labour">edit</a>]</div> Corbyn launched the Labour campaign focusing on public spending, and argued that services were being underfunded, particularly education.<a href="#cite_note-:2-171">[163]</a> Labour's <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Secretary_of_State_for_Exiting_the_European_Union" title="Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union">shadow Brexit secretary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a>, stated that the party would replace the existing Brexit white paper with new negotiating priorities that emphasise the benefits of the <a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">single market</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">customs union</a>, that the residence rights of EU nationals would be guaranteed and that the principle of <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_movement" title="Freedom of movement">free movement</a> would have to end.<a href="#cite_note-:4-201">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[194]</a> Corbyn emphasised Labour's support for a "jobs-first Brexit" that "safeguards the future of Britain's vital industries".<a href="#cite_note-203">[195]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_speaking_at_the_Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Jeremy Corbyn speaking" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Jeremy_Corbyn_speaking_at_the_Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg/220px-Jeremy_Corbyn_speaking_at_the_Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Jeremy_Corbyn_speaking_at_the_Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg/330px-Jeremy_Corbyn_speaking_at_the_Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Jeremy_Corbyn_speaking_at_the_Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg/440px-Jeremy_Corbyn_speaking_at_the_Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="707" /></a><figcaption>Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn launching the party's general election campaign on 9 May 2017 in Manchester.</figcaption></figure> Labour proposed the creation of four new <a href="/wiki/Bank_holiday" title="Bank holiday">bank holidays</a>, marking the <a href="/wiki/Feast_days" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast days">feast days</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saints</a> of the United Kingdom's constituent nations.<a href="#cite_note-204">[196]</a> On 27 April the party pledged to build 1 million new homes over five years.<a href="#cite_note-205">[197]</a> Labour's proposal to employ 10,000 new police officers was overshadowed when <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Home_Secretary" title="Shadow Home Secretary">Shadow Home Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a> cited incorrect figures in a widely publicised <a href="/wiki/Gaffe" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaffe">gaffe</a> in an <a href="/wiki/LBC" title="LBC">LBC</a> interview on 2 May on how it would be funded.<a href="#cite_note-206">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[199]</a> Labour later stated that the £300 million cost would be funded by reversing cuts to <a href="/wiki/Capital_gains_tax" title="Capital gains tax">capital gains taxes</a>, although it was noted that the party had also pledged some of those savings towards other expenditure plans.<a href="#cite_note-208">[200]</a> On 7 May, Shadow Chancellor <a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a> ruled out rises in VAT and in income tax and employee national insurance contributions for those with earnings below £80,000 per year.<a href="#cite_note-209">[201]</a> The following day Labour outlined plans to ban <a href="/wiki/Junk_food" title="Junk food">junk food</a> TV adverts and parking charges at NHS hospitals.<a href="#cite_note-210">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[203]</a> Labour promised an additional £4.8 billion for education, funded by raising <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_corporation_tax" title="United Kingdom corporation tax">corporation tax</a> from 19% to 26%.<a href="#cite_note-:7-212">[204]</a> A draft copy of Labour's manifesto was leaked to the Daily Mirror and The Daily Telegraph on 10 May.<a href="#cite_note-:9-213">[205]</a> It included pledges to renationalise the <a href="/wiki/National_Grid_plc" title="National Grid plc">National Grid</a>, railways, and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Mail" title="Royal Mail">Royal Mail</a> and create publicly owned energy companies. The draft was noted for including commitments to workers' rights, a ban on <a href="/wiki/Fracking" title="Fracking">fracking</a>, and the abolition of university <a href="/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuition fees in England">tuition fees in England</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:9-213">[205]</a> The draft manifesto included a commitment to the <a href="/wiki/Trident_nuclear_programme" class="mw-redirect" title="Trident nuclear programme">Trident</a> nuclear deterrent, but suggested a future government would be "extremely cautious" about using it.<a href="#cite_note-214">[206]</a> The next day Labour's Clause V meeting endorsed the manifesto after amendments from shadow cabinet members and trade unions present.<a href="#cite_note-215">[207]</a> In a speech at <a href="/wiki/Chatham_House" title="Chatham House">Chatham House</a> on 12 May, Corbyn set out his foreign policy, saying he would reshape Britain's foreign relations, avoid the use of nuclear weapons, and while Labour supported Trident renewal he would initiate a defence review in government.<a href="#cite_note-216">[208]</a> Corbyn stated that he would halt all weapons sales from the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations">UK to Saudi Arabia</a> citing the <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Yemeni_Civil_War_(2015-present)#Saudi_Arabian_involvement_in_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Yemeni Civil War (2015-present)">violations of human rights</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-217">[209]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">2017 London Bridge attack</a>, Corbyn said that a conversation should take place "with Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states that have funded and fuelled extremist ideology".<a href="#cite_note-218">[210]</a> On 14 May, Labour revealed plans to extend <a href="/wiki/Stamp_duty_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Stamp duty in the United Kingdom">stamp duty</a> by introducing a <a href="/wiki/Financial_transaction_tax" title="Financial transaction tax">financial transaction tax</a>, which McDonnell claimed would raise up to £5.6bn per year.<a href="#cite_note-219">[211]</a> The next day Corbyn set out plans to spend £37bn on the <a href="/wiki/NHS_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="NHS in England">NHS in England</a> over a five-year parliament, including £10bn on IT upgrades and building repairs.<a href="#cite_note-220">[212]</a> Launching its manifesto officially on 16 May, Labour revealed it would nationalise the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_water_companies" title="United Kingdom water companies">water industry</a>, provide 30 hours per week of free <a href="/wiki/Child_care_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Child care in the United Kingdom">childcare</a> for two- to four-year-olds, charge companies a levy on annual earnings above £330,000, lower the 45p income <a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Taxation in the United Kingdom">tax rate</a> threshold to £80,000 per year, and reintroduce the 50p tax rate for those earning more than £123,000 per year.<a href="#cite_note-221">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[214]</a> Labour said it would raise an additional £48.6bn in tax revenue per year and insisted its policies were fully costed, though it was noted no costings were provided for its nationalisation pledges.<a href="#cite_note-223">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[216]</a> Compared to the leaked draft, the manifesto was noted for toughening Labour's position on defence and Trident, confirming that outside the EU free movement would have to end, qualifying support for airport expansion, and clarifying the party's stance on <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israel-Palestine</a>, as well as other changes.<a href="#cite_note-225">[217]</a> After initial confusion, Labour clarified it would not reverse the government's freeze on most working-age benefits.<a href="#cite_note-226">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-227">[219]</a> In an interview following the manifesto launch, <a href="/wiki/Unite_the_Union" title="Unite the Union">Unite</a> general secretary <a href="/wiki/Len_McCluskey" title="Len McCluskey">Len McCluskey</a> said victory for Labour in the general election would be "extraordinary" and that winning just 200 seats (compared to 229 seats held at the time) would be a "successful" result; the following morning he clarified he was now "optimistic" about Labour's chances.<a href="#cite_note-228">[220]</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[221]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SNP">SNP</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: SNP">edit</a>]</div> The SNP, keen to maintain its position as the third-largest party in the House of Commons, made the need to protect Scotland's interests in the Brexit negotiations a central part of its campaign.<a href="#cite_note-230">[222]</a> The SNP manifesto called for a vote on independence to be held "at the end of the Brexit process", set out "anti-austerity" plans to invest £118bn in UK public services over the next five years, pledged to increase the minimum wage to £10 an hour and called for Scotland to have control over immigration and to remain in the EU single market after Brexit.<a href="#cite_note-231">[223]</a> With the polls closing, Nicola Sturgeon told the <a href="/wiki/Today_programme" class="mw-redirect" title="Today programme">Today programme</a> that the SNP could support a Labour government "on an issue-by-issue basis" in the event of a hung parliament and she would be open to forming a "progressive alternative to a Conservative government".<a href="#cite_note-232">[224]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Liberal_Democrats_2">Liberal Democrats</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Liberal Democrats">edit</a>]</div> Central themes of the Liberal Democrat campaign were an offer of a <a href="/wiki/Proposed_referendum_on_the_Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Proposed referendum on the Brexit withdrawal agreement">referendum on any eventual Brexit deal</a> and a desire for the UK to stay in the single market.<a href="#cite_note-233">[225]</a> The party reportedly targeted seats which had voted to remain in the EU, such as <a href="/wiki/Twickenham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)">Twickenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_West_and_Abingdon" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford West and Abingdon">Oxford West and Abingdon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Vauxhall (UK Parliament constituency)">Vauxhall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-234">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-235">[227]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Marshall-Andrews" title="Bob Marshall-Andrews">Bob Marshall-Andrews</a>, a Labour MP from 1997 to 2010, announced he would support the Liberal Democrats.<a href="#cite_note-236">[228]</a> The party reported a surge in membership after the election was called, passing 100,000 on 24 April, having grown by 12,500 in the preceding week.<a href="#cite_note-237">[229]</a> The party also reported raising £500,000 in donations in the first 48 hours after May's announcement of an early election.<a href="#cite_note-238">[230]</a> An early issue raised in the campaign was <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a>'s views, as a Christian, regarding gay sex and LGBT rights. After declining to state whether he thought gay sex was a <a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_sin" title="Christian views on sin">sin</a>, Farron affirmed that he believed neither being gay nor having gay sex are sinful.<a href="#cite_note-Gay_sex_sin-239">[231]</a> The party proposed raising income tax by 1p to fund the NHS and maintaining the triple-lock on the <a href="/wiki/State_Pension_(United_Kingdom)#Pensions_Act_2007" title="State Pension (United Kingdom)">state pension</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC65-240">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[233]</a> The Liberal Democrats also promised an additional £7 billion to protect per-pupil funding in education; they said it would be partly funded by remaining in the EU single market.<a href="#cite_note-:7-212">[204]</a> The party pledged on 11 May to accept 50,000 <a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Refugees of the Syrian civil war">refugees from Syria</a> over five years, with Farron saying that the £4.3 billion costs would over time be repaid in taxes by those refugees that settle in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-242">[234]</a> On 12 May the party revealed plans to <a href="/wiki/Legalise_cannabis" class="mw-redirect" title="Legalise cannabis">legalise cannabis</a> and extend paid <a href="/wiki/Paternity_leave" class="mw-redirect" title="Paternity leave">paternity leave</a>.<a href="#cite_note-243">[235]</a> Farron proposed financial incentives for graduates joining the <a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">armed forces</a> and committed to NATO's 2% of GDP defence spending target.<a href="#cite_note-244">[236]</a> The next day the Liberal Democrats promised to end the cap on public-sector pay increases and repeal the <a href="/wiki/Investigatory_Powers_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Investigatory Powers Act">Investigatory Powers Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-245">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[238]</a> On 16 May the Liberal Democrats proposed an entrepreneurs' allowance, to review <a href="/wiki/Rates_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rates in the United Kingdom">business rates</a> and to increase access to credit.<a href="#cite_note-247">[239]</a> Policies emphasised during their manifesto launch on 17 May included a second referendum on a Brexit deal with the option to remain a member of the EU, discounted bus passes for 16- to 21-year-olds, the reinstatement of <a href="/wiki/Housing_Benefit" title="Housing Benefit">Housing Benefit</a> for 18- to 21-year-olds, a £3bn plan to build 300,000 new houses a year by 2022 and support for renters to build up <a href="/wiki/Home_equity" title="Home equity">equity</a> in their rented properties.<a href="#cite_note-248">[240]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="UKIP">UKIP</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: UKIP">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Paul Nuttall</a> announced that UKIP's manifesto would seek to <a href="/wiki/Hijab_and_burka_controversies_in_Europe" title="Hijab and burka controversies in Europe">ban the burqa</a>, outlaw <a href="/wiki/Sharia_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia law">sharia law</a>, impose a temporary <a href="/wiki/Moratorium_(law)" title="Moratorium (law)">moratorium</a> on new <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Islamic schools</a> and require annual checks against <a href="/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation">female genital mutilation</a> (FGM) for high-risk girls.<a href="#cite_note-249">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[242]</a> In response to the proposed burqa ban UKIP's foreign affairs spokesperson <a href="/wiki/James_Carver" title="James Carver">James Carver</a> resigned, labelling the policy "misguided".<a href="#cite_note-251">[243]</a> Despite losing all 145 of the seats it was defending in the <a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">2017 local elections</a> (but gaining one from Labour in <a href="/wiki/Burnley" title="Burnley">Burnley</a>), Nuttall insisted voters would return to UKIP in the general election.<a href="#cite_note-252">[244]</a> On 8 May UKIP proposed a <a href="/wiki/Net_migration" class="mw-redirect" title="Net migration">net migration</a> target of zero within five years.<a href="#cite_note-253">[245]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television_debates">Television debates</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Television debates">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right;margin-left:1em;text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="border-right:solid 0 black; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election_debates" title="2015 United Kingdom general election debates">← 2015 debates</a> </th> <th style="border-left:solid 0 black; border-right:solid 0 black;">2017 </th> <th style="border-left:solid 0 black; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election_debates" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 United Kingdom general election debates">2019 debates →</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> Within hours of the election being announced, Corbyn, Farron and Sturgeon called for televised debates.<a href="#cite_note-254">[246]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Prime Minister's Office (United Kingdom)">Prime Minister's office</a> initially opposed the idea.<a href="#cite_note-255">[247]</a> On 19 April, the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> announced they planned to host leaders' debates, as they had done in the 2010 and 2015 elections, whether or not May took part.<a href="#cite_note-256">[248]</a> Labour subsequently ruled out Corbyn taking part in television debates without May.<a href="#cite_note-257">[249]</a> Broadcaster <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Neil" title="Andrew Neil">Andrew Neil</a> separately interviewed the party leaders in The Andrew Neil Interviews on <a href="/wiki/BBC_One" title="BBC One">BBC One</a>, starting on 22 May with <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a>.<a href="#cite_note-258">[250]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Arena_bombing" title="Manchester Arena bombing">Manchester Arena bombing</a> led to interviews with Nuttall, Farron, Sturgeon and Corbyn to be rescheduled.<a href="#cite_note-259">[251]</a> ITV Tonight also ran a series of programmes with the major party leaders.<a href="#cite_note-260">[252]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a> and <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> hosted an election programme on 29 May where May and Corbyn were individually interviewed by <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Paxman" title="Jeremy Paxman">Jeremy Paxman</a> after taking questions from a studio audience.<a href="#cite_note-261">[253]</a><a href="#cite_note-262">[254]</a> The BBC held two debates to which all seven main party leaders were invited, on 31 May in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a> and 6 June in <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>; both May and Corbyn stated they would not attend the 31 May debate. May said that she had already debated Corbyn many times in parliament, and that she would be meeting the public instead.<a href="#cite_note-263">[255]</a> Corbyn announced on the day that he would attend the debate in Cambridge, calling on May to do the same.<a href="#cite_note-264">[256]</a> Instead <a href="/wiki/Amber_Rudd" title="Amber Rudd">Amber Rudd</a> appeared for the Conservatives.<a href="#cite_note-:24-265">[257]</a> The BBC hosted separate debates for the English regions, and for both Scotland and Wales, and also a <a href="/wiki/Question_Time_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Question Time (TV series)">Question Time</a> special with May and Corbyn separately answering questions from voters on 2 June, chaired by <a href="/wiki/David_Dimbleby" title="David Dimbleby">David Dimbleby</a>. Sturgeon and Farron were expected to do the same on 4 June, but after the <a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">2017 London Bridge attack</a> it was rescheduled to 5 June and instead presented by <a href="/wiki/Nick_Robinson_(journalist)" title="Nick Robinson (journalist)">Nick Robinson</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The BBC also hosted two back-to-back episodes of a special election programme titled Election Questions on 4 June, the first in <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> with <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> co-leader <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Jonathan Bartley</a> followed by Nuttall, and the second in <a href="/wiki/Swansea" title="Swansea">Swansea</a> with <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Leanne Wood</a>. The party leaders were individually questioned by a studio audience.<a href="#cite_note-266">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-267">[259]</a> <a href="/wiki/STV_(TV_channel)" title="STV (TV channel)">STV</a> planned to host a live TV debate in Glasgow with four Scottish party leaders on 24 May,<a href="#cite_note-268">[260]</a> but it was postponed, owing to the <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Arena_bombing" title="Manchester Arena bombing">Manchester Arena bombing</a>. The debate was rescheduled for Tuesday 6 June.<a href="#cite_note-:STV:-269">[261]</a> May subsequently stated her regret in not taking part in the debates, explaining her reasoning for not taking part in the debates as they had "[sucked] the life blood out of David Cameron's campaign" in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-:24-265">[257]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="11" style="background:#B0C4DE">United Kingdom general election debates, 2017<a href="#cite_note-:12-270">[262]</a><a href="#cite_note-271">[263]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="font-size:small;"> <th rowspan="3">Date </th> <th rowspan="3">Organisers </th> <th rowspan="3">Venue </th> <th rowspan="3">Invitees </th> <th scope="col" colspan="7"> P  Present   S  Surrogate   NI  Non-invitee  A  Absent invitee  </th></tr> <tr style="font-size:small;"> <th scope="col" style="width:6.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Cons.</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:6.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:6.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:6.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Lib. Dem.</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:6.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:6.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Parties in the United Kingdom">Green</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:6.5em;"><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <th style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <th style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <th style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <th style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <th style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <th style="background-color:#6D3177; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">16 May </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV Wales</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a> </td> <td>Welsh leaders </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Andrew_R._T._Davies" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew R. T. Davies">Davies</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Carwyn_Jones" title="Carwyn Jones">Jones</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Mark_Williams_(politician)" title="Mark Williams (politician)">Williams</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Wood</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Neil_Hamilton_(politician)" title="Neil Hamilton (politician)">Hamilton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 May </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dock10_(television_facility)" title="Dock10 (television facility)">dock10 studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> </td> <td>National leaders </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">A </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">A </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Sturgeon</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Farron</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Wood</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Lucas</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Nuttall</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 May </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Scotland" title="BBC Scotland">BBC Scotland</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> </td> <td>Scottish leaders </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Davidson" title="Ruth Davidson">Davidson</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Kezia_Dugdale" title="Kezia Dugdale">Dugdale</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Sturgeon</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Willie_Rennie" title="Willie Rennie">Rennie</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Harvie" title="Patrick Harvie">Harvie</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/David_Coburn_(politician)" title="David Coburn (politician)">Coburn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 May </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a> <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sky_Campus" title="Sky Campus">Sky Studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isleworth" title="Isleworth">Isleworth</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> </td> <td>National leaders </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">May</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Corbyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Corbyn">Corbyn</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">30 May </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Wales">BBC Wales</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a> </td> <td>Welsh leaders </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/Darren_Millar" title="Darren Millar">Millar</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Carwyn_Jones" title="Carwyn Jones">Jones</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Mark_Williams_(politician)" title="Mark Williams (politician)">Williams</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Wood</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Neil_Hamilton_(politician)" title="Neil Hamilton (politician)">Hamilton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 May </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC_English_Regions" title="BBC English Regions">BBC English Regions</a><a href="#cite_note-272">[264]</a> </td> <td>Various </td> <td>English regional </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P Various </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P Various </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P Various </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P Various </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P Various </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 May </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Senate_House,_Cambridge" title="Senate House, Cambridge">Senate House, Cambridge</a> </td> <td>National leaders </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/Amber_Rudd" title="Amber Rudd">Rudd</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Corbyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Corbyn">Corbyn</a> </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/Angus_Robertson" title="Angus Robertson">Robertson</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Farron</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Wood</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Lucas</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Nuttall</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">2 June </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> (Question Time) </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">University of York</a>, <a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a> </td> <td>National leaders </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">May</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Corbyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Corbyn">Corbyn</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">4 June </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> (Election Questions) </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swansea" title="Swansea">Swansea</a> </td> <td>National leaders </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Wood</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Bartley</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Nuttall</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">5 June </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> (Question Time) </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> </td> <td>National leaders </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Sturgeon</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Farron</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">5 June<a href="#cite_note-273">[265]</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/UTV_(TV_channel)" title="UTV (TV channel)">UTV</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> </td> <td>Northern Ireland </td> <td colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">Nigel Dodds</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a>), <a href="/wiki/Michelle_O%27Neill" title="Michelle O'Neill">Michelle O'Neill</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">SF</a>), <a href="/wiki/Robin_Swann" title="Robin Swann">Robin Swann</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a>), <a href="/wiki/Colum_Eastwood" title="Colum Eastwood">Colum Eastwood</a> (<a href="/wiki/SDLP" class="mw-redirect" title="SDLP">SDLP</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Long" title="Naomi Long">Naomi Long</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">APNI</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">6 June<a href="#cite_note-:STV:-269">[261]</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/STV_(TV_channel)" title="STV (TV channel)">STV</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> </td> <td>Scottish leaders </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Davidson" title="Ruth Davidson">Davidson</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Kezia_Dugdale" title="Kezia Dugdale">Dugdale</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Sturgeon</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Willie_Rennie" title="Willie Rennie">Rennie</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">6 June </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> Newsbeat <a href="#cite_note-274">[266]</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> </td> <td>National leaders </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/Nadhim_Zahawi" title="Nadhim Zahawi">Zahawi</a> </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Champion" title="Sarah Champion">Champion</a> </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/Kate_Forbes" title="Kate Forbes">Forbes</a> </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/Brian_Paddick,_Baron_Paddick" title="Brian Paddick, Baron Paddick">Paddick</a> </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S Fflur Elin </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">P <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Bartley</a> </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;">S <a href="/wiki/David_Kurten" title="David Kurten">Kurten</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">6 June </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> </td> <td>Northern Ireland leaders </td> <td colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a>), <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Dowd" title="John O'Dowd">John O'Dowd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">SF</a>), <a href="/wiki/Robin_Swann" title="Robin Swann">Robin Swann</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a>), <a href="/wiki/Colum_Eastwood" title="Colum Eastwood">Colum Eastwood</a> (<a href="/wiki/SDLP" class="mw-redirect" title="SDLP">SDLP</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Long" title="Naomi Long">Naomi Long</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">APNI</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign_costs">Campaign costs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Campaign costs">edit</a>]</div> In the 12 months leading up to the election, the Conservatives spent £18.5m, Labour spent £11m and the Liberal Democrats spent £6.8m.<a href="#cite_note-275">[267]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Endorsements">Endorsements</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Endorsements">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a></div> Newspapers, organisations and individuals endorsed parties or individual candidates for the election. For example, the main national newspapers gave the following endorsements: <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_daily_newspapers">National daily newspapers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: National daily newspapers">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Newspapers </th> <th colspan="2">Endorsement </th> <th>Notes </th> <th>2017 circulation (June)<a href="#cite_note-DP-276">[268]</a> </th> <th>Link </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Express" title="Daily Express">Daily Express</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>386,297 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-277">[269]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,454,073 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-278">[270]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td>On election day, urged its readers to vote for whoever would beat the Conservatives in their constituency.<a href="#cite_note-DP-276">[268]</a> </td> <td>687,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-279">[271]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Star_(United_Kingdom)" title="Daily Star (United Kingdom)">Daily Star</a> </td> <td style="background:black;"> </td> <td>None </td> <td> </td> <td>437,949 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-DP-276">[268]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>467,601 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-280">[272]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>58,600 (UK circ.) </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-281">[273]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td>Prioritised <a href="/wiki/Tactical_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactical voting">tactical voting</a> against the Conservatives, including votes for Liberal Democrats and Greens. </td> <td>154,010 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-282">[274]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:black;"> </td> <td>Various (Scotland) </td> <td>In Scotland: supported opposition to the Conservatives, either SNP or Labour. </td> <td>[A percentage of circulation statistic above] </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-283">[275]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/I_(newspaper)" title="I (newspaper)">i</a> </td> <td style="background:black;"> </td> <td>None </td> <td> </td> <td>263,826 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-284">[276]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> </td> <td style="background:black;"> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Backed <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour's</a> <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Secretary_of_State_for_Exiting_the_European_Union" title="Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union">Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union</a> <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> to negotiate Brexit. Supported <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">unionist</a> candidates in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. </td> <td>N/A </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-285">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-286">[278]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Metro_(British_newspaper)" title="Metro (British newspaper)">Metro</a> </td> <td style="background:black;"> </td> <td>None </td> <td> </td> <td>1,480,110 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-287">[279]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,617,152 </td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>445,737 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-288">[280]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Sunday_newspapers">National Sunday newspapers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: National Sunday newspapers">edit</a>]</div> The Conservative Party were endorsed by 80% of UK national Sunday newspaper market.<a href="#cite_note-289">[281]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Newspaper </th> <th colspan="2">Endorsement </th> <th>Notes </th> <th>2017 circulation (Jan.)<a href="#cite_note-290">[282]</a> </th> <th>Link </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Mail_on_Sunday" title="The Mail on Sunday">The Mail on Sunday</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,257,984 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Mayhew-291">[283]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a> </td> <td style="background:black;"> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Endorsed voting against the Conservatives and for candidates opposing austerity and a hard Brexit. </td> <td>185,752 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-292">[284]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunday Express">Sunday Express</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>335,772 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-BBC-293">[285]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Mirror" title="Sunday Mirror">Sunday Mirror</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>629,277 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-294">[286]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_People" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sunday People">The Sunday People</a> </td> <td style="background:black;"> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Endorsed tactical voting against the Conservatives. </td> <td>240,846 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-295">[287]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_on_Sunday" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sun on Sunday">The Sun on Sunday</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,375,539 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Mayhew-291">[283]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Telegraph" title="The Sunday Telegraph">The Sunday Telegraph</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>359,400 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-296">[288]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>792,324 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-297">[289]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_coverage">Media coverage</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Media coverage">edit</a>]</div> In contrast to the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 general election</a>, in which smaller parties received more media coverage than usual, coverage during the 2017 election focused on the two main political parties, Labour and the Conservatives<a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a> (84% of the politicians featured in newspapers, and 67% on TV, were Conservative or Labour), with Conservatives sources receiving the most coverage and quotation, particularly in the print media (the margin of difference between Conservative and Labour sources was 2.1 points on TV and 9.6 points in newspapers).<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> The five most prominent politicians were <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> (Cons) (30.1% of news appearanced), <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> (Lab) (26.7%), <a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a> (Lib Dem) (6.8%), <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a> (SNP) (3.7%), and <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> (Cons) (3.6%).<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (DUP) received next to no coverage during the campaign<a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a> (0.4% of appearances) but were prominent in coverage after the election.<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">Social media</a> was used during the election campaign by both political parties. Labour's key success in the election campaign was partly attributed to the use of <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a>. It was shown that Labour, who took the strategy of going for 'positive posting', like focusing on social improvement, welfare and public services was favoured over the Conservatives who had focused on negative topics like campaigning on security and terrorism.<a href="#cite_note-300">[292]</a> The findings showed that over the course of the election campaign, Labour had outperformed the Conservatives and <a href="/wiki/Corbyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Corbyn">Corbyn</a>'s personal <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> page significantly outweighed <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">May's</a> Facebook page by 5 million to nearly 800,000.<a href="#cite_note-301">[293]</a> Newspapers were <a href="/wiki/Partisan_(politics)" title="Partisan (politics)">partisan</a> in their coverage and generally took an attacking editorial line, providing negative coverage of one or more parties they opposed rather than advocating for the party they endorsed,<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> with Labour receiving the most negative coverage.<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-302">[294]</a> Mick Temple, professor of Journalism and Politics at <a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Staffordshire University">Staffordshire University</a>, characterised the negativity Corbyn and Labour received during this election as more hostile than that which <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a> and Labour <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election#Media_coverage" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">received during the 2015 general election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MT-303">[295]</a> Jeremy Corbyn was portrayed as a coward,<a href="#cite_note-Banaji-304">[296]</a> and he and his closest allies were accused of being terrorist sympathizers.<a href="#cite_note-305">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a><a href="#cite_note-SB-306">[298]</a><a href="#cite_note-JF-307">[299]</a><a href="#cite_note-Banaji-304">[296]</a> During the election period, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> <a href="/wiki/Question_Time_(TV_programme)" title="Question Time (TV programme)">Question Time</a> host <a href="/wiki/David_Dimbleby" title="David Dimbleby">David Dimbleby</a> said Jeremy Corbyn had not had 'a fair deal at the hands of the press' and that he was more popular than the media made him out to be.<a href="#cite_note-308">[300]</a> An exception, when the Conservative Party received more negative coverage than Labour, was during the third week of the campaign, when the Conservatives released their <a href="/wiki/Manifesto" title="Manifesto">manifesto</a>, proposed a controversial <a href="/wiki/Social_welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Social welfare">social welfare</a> policy (which became known as the "<a href="/wiki/Dementia_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Dementia tax">dementia tax</a>") and subsequently made a <a href="/wiki/Flip-flop_(politics)" title="Flip-flop (politics)">U-turn</a> on the proposal.<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> When <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_circulation" title="List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation">newspaper circulation size</a> is accounted for, the Conservative Party was the only party to receive a positive evaluation overall from the press.<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> It was endorsed by newspapers that had an 80% share of the national Sunday press audience (the five Sunday newspapers endorsing the Conservatives had a daily circulation of more than 4 million)<a href="#cite_note-Mayhew-291">[283]</a> and 57% of the national <a href="/wiki/Daily_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily paper">daily press</a><a href="#cite_note-DF-309">[301]</a> (a combined circulation of 4,429,460<a href="#cite_note-DP-276">[268]</a>). One national Sunday newspaper (the <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Mirror" title="Sunday Mirror">Sunday Mirror</a>), endorsed Labour, with two others endorsing tactical voting against the Conservative (these three titles, with a daily circulation of under 1 million, had a share of 20% of the Sunday press audience),<a href="#cite_note-Mayhew-291">[283]</a> and 11% of the national daily press<a href="#cite_note-DF-309">[301]</a> (namely, <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a>; a combined circulation of 841,010<a href="#cite_note-DP-276">[268]</a>). On this metric, 'Conservative partisanship was the most salient voice in the British national press'.<a href="#cite_note-JF-307">[299]</a> When newspapers' <a href="/wiki/Article_(publishing)" title="Article (publishing)">articles</a> were measured by their positivity and negativity towards and against the parties running in the election, <a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Daily_Express" title="Daily Express">Daily Express</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a> provided support for the Conservatives and The Guardian and the Daily Mirror provided support for the Labour party.<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> However, few Guardian or Mirror election-related editorials called for a vote for Labour, and even fewer endorsed Corbyn – many articles in left-wing papers criticised him, or he was ignored.<a href="#cite_note-JF-307">[299]</a> While the collective voice of the right-wing papers were (four times) stronger in their support for the Conservatives than the left-wing were of Labour, on the whole they were similar to the left in their negativity towards, or avoidance of, the leader of their endorsed party.<a href="#cite_note-JF-307">[299]</a> Only the Daily Express gave <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> unreserved support.<a href="#cite_note-JF-307">[299]</a> After the election, the press turned on Theresa May,<a href="#cite_note-AKS-310">[302]</a> who had run on a campaign that <a href="/wiki/Party_platform" title="Party platform">platformed</a> her as a 'strong and stable' leader, and they described her as 'weak and wobbly', 'robotic', the 'zombie prime minister', and a 'dead woman walking'.<a href="#cite_note-ARN-311">[303]</a> <a href="/wiki/Broadcast" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcast">Broadcast</a> media, by giving airtime directly to <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> and his policy ideas, was seen as playing a significant role during the election in presenting him as someone less frightening that the newspapers had presented him and more engaging than Theresa May.<a href="#cite_note-312">[304]</a><a href="#cite_note-313">[305]</a><a href="#cite_note-314">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-CB-315">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-316">[308]</a> The BBC has been criticised for its coverage during the election campaign. For example, right-wing papers The Sun and the Daily Mail complained that the audience at the BBC run leaders' debate was pro-Corbyn, and the Daily Mail asked why the topic of <a href="/wiki/Modern_immigration_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="Modern immigration to the United Kingdom">immigration</a>, one of the Conservatives favoured issues, was barely mentioned; and right-wing websites <a href="/wiki/Breitbart" class="mw-redirect" title="Breitbart">Breitbart London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Westmonster" class="mw-redirect" title="Westmonster">Westmonster</a> said BBC coverage on <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> was pro-EU.<a href="#cite_note-MR-317">[309]</a> Left-wing websites, like <a href="/wiki/The_Canary_(website)" title="The Canary (website)">The Canary</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Skwawkbox" title="The Skwawkbox">The Skwawkbox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Another_Angry_Voice" title="Another Angry Voice">Another Angry Voice</a> complained that the BBC was pro-Tory and anti-Corbyn.<a href="#cite_note-MR-317">[309]</a> According to analysts, a bias was evident during <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Paxman" title="Jeremy Paxman">Jeremy Paxman</a>'s leaders debates, with 54% of airtime devoted to Conservative issues and 31% to Labour's.<a href="#cite_note-DF-309">[301]</a> In an episode of <a href="/wiki/Have_I_Got_News_for_You" title="Have I Got News for You">Have I Got News for You</a> aired during the campaign period, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Hislop" title="Ian Hislop">Ian Hislop</a>, editor of <a href="/wiki/Private_Eye" title="Private Eye">Private Eye</a>, suggested the BBC was biased in favour of the Conservatives.<a href="#cite_note-318">[310]</a> The BBC's <a href="/wiki/Political_editor" title="Political editor">political editor</a> <a href="/wiki/Laura_Kuenssberg" title="Laura Kuenssberg">Laura Kuenssberg</a> particularly received criticism for her election coverage.<a href="#cite_note-MR-317">[309]</a> During the election the BBC circulated a 2015 report of Kuenssberg's (on Corbyn's views on 'shoot to kill' policy) that <a href="/wiki/Laura_Kuenssberg#Bias_allegations" title="Laura Kuenssberg">had been censured</a> by the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Trust" title="BBC Trust">BBC Trust</a> for its <a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">misleading editing</a>; on the final day of the election the BBC acknowledged that the <a href="/wiki/Video_clip" title="Video clip">clip</a> was subject to a <a href="/wiki/Consumer_complaint" title="Consumer complaint">complaint</a> that had been upheld by the Trust.<a href="#cite_note-DF-309">[301]</a> As during the 2015 election, although less than then (−12.5%), most media coverage (32.9%) was given to the workings of the electoral process itself (e.g., electoral events, <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election">opinion polls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horse_race_journalism" title="Horse race journalism">'horse race' coverage</a>, campaign mishaps).<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> During the first two weeks of campaigning, members of the public, interviewed in <a href="/wiki/Vox_populi" title="Vox populi">vox pops</a>,<a href="#cite_note-319">[311]</a> made up a fifth to almost a half of all sources in broadcast news.<a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a> While in the first two weeks of the election period policy made up less than half of all broadcast coverage,<a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a> over the whole campaign policy received more coverage in all media than during the previous election,<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a> particularly after manifestos were published in the third week, when close to eight in ten broadcast news items were primarily about policy issues.<a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a> Policy around Brexit and the EU receiving most coverage overall (10.9%), and national events that happened during the campaign period (namely, the terrorist attacks on <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Arena_bombing" title="Manchester Arena bombing">Manchester Arena</a> and in the area of <a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">London Bridge</a>), along with <a href="#Security">controversies over Trident</a>, brought policy issues around <a href="/wiki/Military_policy" title="Military policy">defence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Security_policy" title="Security policy">security</a> to the fore (7.2%).<a href="#cite_note-R4-299">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-TJL-320">[312]</a><a href="#cite_note-HS-321">[313]</a> From the start of the campaign, commentators predicted a <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide victory</a> for the Conservatives.<a href="#cite_note-Gibbs-322">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a><a href="#cite_note-323">[315]</a> After the results were in and the Conservatives had won by a much smaller margin, on air <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Jon_Snow_(journalist)" title="Jon Snow (journalist)">Jon Snow</a> said, "I know nothing, we the media, the pundits and experts, know nothing".<a href="#cite_note-SC-298">[290]</a> A number of newspaper columnists expressed similar sentiments.<a href="#cite_note-324">[316]</a> Some analysts and commentators have suggested the gap between the newspapers' strong support, and the public's marginal support, for the Conservatives in this election indicates a decline in the influence of print media, and/or that in 2017's election <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a> played a decisive role (perhaps being the first election in which this was the case<a href="#cite_note-TJL-320">[312]</a><a href="#cite_note-325">[317]</a>).<a href="#cite_note-326">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-AKS-310">[302]</a><a href="#cite_note-ARN-311">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-MT-303">[295]</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-HS-321">[313]</a><a href="#cite_note-328">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-329">[321]</a><a href="#cite_note-PP-330">[322]</a> Some website and blog <a href="/wiki/Content_(media)" class="mw-redirect" title="Content (media)">content</a>, like that produced by <a href="/wiki/The_Canary_(website)" title="The Canary (website)">The Canary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Another_Angry_Voice" title="Another Angry Voice">Another Angry Voice</a>, gained as much <a href="/wiki/Web_traffic" title="Web traffic">traffic</a> as many <a href="/wiki/Mainstream_media" title="Mainstream media">mainstream media</a> articles<a href="#cite_note-PP-330">[322]</a><a href="#cite_note-CB-315">[307]</a> and went more <a href="/wiki/Viral_phenomenon" title="Viral phenomenon">viral</a> than mainstream <a href="/wiki/Political_journalism" title="Political journalism">political journalism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AKS-310">[302]</a><a href="#cite_note-MR-317">[309]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_London_Economic" title="The London Economic">The London Economic</a> had the most shared election-related article online during the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-331">[323]</a> Others urge caution,<a href="#cite_note-SB-306">[298]</a> stressing that the <a href="/wiki/Old_media" title="Old media">traditional</a> press still have an importance influence on how people <a href="/wiki/Vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote">vote</a>.<a href="#cite_note-332">[324]</a><a href="#cite_note-SB-306">[298]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gibbs-322">[314]</a> In a <a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> poll, 42% of the general public said that TV was most influential in helping them choose, or confirming their choice in, whom to vote for; 32% said newspapers and magazines; 26%, social media; and 25%, radio.<a href="#cite_note-Mayhew2-333">[325]</a> 58% of people surveyed also thought that the social media had diminished the influence of newspapers.<a href="#cite_note-Mayhew2-333">[325]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politicians_not_standing">Politicians not standing</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Politicians not standing">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Members_of_Parliament_who_did_not_stand_for_re-election">Members of Parliament who did not stand for re-election</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Members of Parliament who did not stand for re-election">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">MP </th> <th scope="col">Seat </th> <th scope="col">First elected </th> <th colspan="2" scope="col">Party </th> <th scope="col">Date announced </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Graham_Allen_(politician)" title="Graham Allen (politician)">Graham Allen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Nottingham North">Nottingham North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a> </td> <td width="1" style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>22 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-334">[326]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Anderson_(British_politician)" title="David Anderson (British politician)">Dave Anderson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blaydon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Blaydon (UK Parliament constituency)">Blaydon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a> </td> <td width="1" style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>20 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-335">[327]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Blenkinsop" title="Tom Blenkinsop">Tom Blenkinsop</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Middlesbrough_South_and_East_Cleveland" class="mw-redirect" title="Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland">Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>18 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-336">[328]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andy_Burnham" title="Andy Burnham">Andy Burnham</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leigh_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Leigh (UK Parliament constituency)">Leigh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-337">[329]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Simon_Burns" title="Simon Burns">Sir Simon Burns</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chelmsford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Chelmsford (UK Parliament constituency)">Chelmsford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>8 January 2016<a href="#cite_note-338">[330]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Carswell" title="Douglas Carswell">Douglas Carswell</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Clacton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)">Clacton</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (<a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> in 2015) </td> <td>20 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-339">[331]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pat_Doherty_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Pat Doherty (Northern Ireland politician)">Pat Doherty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Tyrone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="West Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)">West Tyrone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0D8069; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> </td> <td>3 May 2017<a href="#cite_note-340">[332]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Dowd_(politician)" title="Jim Dowd (politician)">Jim Dowd</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lewisham_West_and_Penge" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewisham West and Penge">Lewisham West and Penge</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-341">[333]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dugher" title="Michael Dugher">Michael Dugher</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barnsley_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnsley East">Barnsley East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>20 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-342">[334]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Garnier" title="Edward Garnier">Sir Edward Garnier</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harborough_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harborough (UK Parliament constituency)">Harborough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>27 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-343">[335]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pat_Glass" title="Pat Glass">Pat Glass</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_West_Durham" class="mw-redirect" title="North West Durham">North West Durham</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>28 June 2016<a href="#cite_note-344">[336]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Haselhurst" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Haselhurst">Sir Alan Haselhurst</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saffron_Walden_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Saffron Walden (UK Parliament constituency)">Saffron Walden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970</a> (<a href="/wiki/Middleton_and_Prestwich" class="mw-redirect" title="Middleton and Prestwich">Middleton and Prestwich</a>) </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>25 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-345">[337]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Howarth" title="Gerald Howarth">Sir Gerald Howarth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aldershot_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Aldershot (UK Parliament constituency)">Aldershot</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannock_and_Burntwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannock and Burntwood">Cannock and Burntwood</a>) </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>20 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-346">[338]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Johnson" title="Alan Johnson">Alan Johnson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hull_West_and_Hessle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hull West and Hessle">Hull West and Hessle</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>18 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-347">[339]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lilley" title="Peter Lilley">Peter Lilley</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hitchin_and_Harpenden" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitchin and Harpenden">Hitchin and Harpenden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a> (<a href="/wiki/St_Albans_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="St Albans (UK Parliament constituency)">St Albans</a>) </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>26 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-348">[340]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karen_Lumley" title="Karen Lumley">Karen Lumley</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Redditch_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Redditch (UK Parliament constituency)">Redditch</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>28 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-349">[341]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Mackintosh_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Mackintosh (politician)">David Mackintosh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northampton_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Northampton South">Northampton South</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>27 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-350">[342]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fiona_Mactaggart" title="Fiona Mactaggart">Fiona Mactaggart</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slough_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Slough (UK Parliament constituency)">Slough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>20 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-351">[343]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rob_Marris" title="Rob Marris">Rob Marris</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wolverhampton_South_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolverhampton South West">Wolverhampton South West</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-WES190617-352">[344]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Natalie_McGarry" title="Natalie McGarry">Natalie McGarry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow East">Glasgow East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (<a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> in 2015) </td> <td>25 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-353">[345]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tatton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tatton (UK Parliament constituency)">Tatton</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-354">[346]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_Pickles" title="Eric Pickles">Sir Eric Pickles</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brentwood_and_Ongar" class="mw-redirect" title="Brentwood and Ongar">Brentwood and Ongar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>22 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-355">[347]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Pugh" title="John Pugh">John Pugh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southport_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Southport (UK Parliament constituency)">Southport</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-356">[348]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Steve_Rotheram" title="Steve Rotheram">Steve Rotheram</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Walton" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool Walton">Liverpool Walton</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>7 May 2017<a href="#cite_note-:5-77">[69]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Smith_(British_politician)" title="Andrew Smith (British politician)">Andrew Smith</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford East">Oxford East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-357">[349]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gisela_Stuart" title="Gisela Stuart">Gisela Stuart</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Edgbaston" class="mw-redirect" title="Birmingham Edgbaston">Birmingham Edgbaston</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-358">[350]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Thomson" title="Michelle Thomson">Michelle Thomson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)">Edinburgh West</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (<a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> in 2015) </td> <td>22 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-359">[351]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Turner_(politician)" title="Andrew Turner (politician)">Andrew Turner</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Isle of Wight (UK Parliament constituency)">Isle of Wight</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td width="1" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>28 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-360">[352]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Tyrie" title="Andrew Tyrie">Andrew Tyrie</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chichester_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Chichester (UK Parliament constituency)">Chichester</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a> </td> <td width="1" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>25 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-361">[353]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Angela_Watkinson" title="Angela Watkinson">Dame Angela Watkinson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_and_Upminster" class="mw-redirect" title="Hornchurch and Upminster">Hornchurch and Upminster</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-362">[354]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iain_Wright" title="Iain Wright">Iain Wright</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hartlepool_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hartlepool (UK Parliament constituency)">Hartlepool</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2004_Hartlepool_by-election" title="2004 Hartlepool by-election">2004</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td>19 April 2017<a href="#cite_note-363">[355]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_politicians">Other politicians</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Other politicians">edit</a>]</div> Former UKIP leader <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Farage" title="Nigel Farage">Nigel Farage</a> announced that he would not stand, saying he could be more effective as an <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">MEP</a>.<a href="#cite_note-364">[356]</a> UKIP major donor <a href="/wiki/Arron_Banks" title="Arron Banks">Arron Banks</a>, who had earlier indicated his intention to stand in <a href="/wiki/Clacton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)">Clacton</a> to defeat Douglas Carswell, withdrew in favour of the UKIP candidate after Carswell announced he would be standing down.<a href="#cite_note-365">[357]</a> Plaid Cymru leader <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Leanne Wood</a> chose not to contest a Westminster seat, nor did former Labour MP and shadow chancellor <a href="/wiki/Ed_Balls" title="Ed Balls">Ed Balls</a>.<a href="#cite_note-366">[358]</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[359]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections">Opinion polling and seat projections</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Opinion polling and seat projections">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">Opinion polling for UK general elections</th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2010 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2015 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leadership_approval_opinion_polling_for_the_2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Leadership approval opinion polling for the 2015 United Kingdom general election">Leadership approval</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">2017 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2019 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leadership_approval_opinion_polling_for_the_2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Leadership approval opinion polling for the 2019 United Kingdom general election">Leadership approval</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Next_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Next United Kingdom general election">Next election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_next_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the next United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leadership_approval_opinion_polling_for_the_next_United_Kingdom_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Leadership approval opinion polling for the next United Kingdom general election">Leadership approval</a></td> </tr></tbody></table> In the 2015 general election, polling companies underestimated the Conservative Party vote and overestimated the Labour Party vote<a href="#cite_note-368">[360]</a> and so failed to predict the result accurately.<a href="#cite_note-369">[361]</a> Afterwards they started making changes to polling practices; recommendations from a review by the <a href="/wiki/British_Polling_Council" title="British Polling Council">British Polling Council</a> are likely to result in further changes.<a href="#cite_note-370">[362]</a> Almost all polls and predictions were for seats in Great Britain only, with Northern Irish parties being either absent from the totals or counted as "other". The Spreadex columns below cover bets on the number of seats each party will win with the midpoint between asking and selling price. <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UK_opinion_polling_2015-2017.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/UK_opinion_polling_2015-2017.svg/850px-UK_opinion_polling_2015-2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="850" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/UK_opinion_polling_2015-2017.svg/1275px-UK_opinion_polling_2015-2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/UK_opinion_polling_2015-2017.svg/1700px-UK_opinion_polling_2015-2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>LOESS graph of opinion polling for the 2017 election. Final point is actual result.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  Conservative</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Labour</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  UKIP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Liberal Democrats</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  SNP</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Greens</div></div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predictions_three_weeks_before_the_vote">Predictions three weeks before the vote</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Predictions three weeks before the vote">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post" class="mw-redirect" title="First-past-the-post">first-past-the-post</a> system used in UK general elections means that the number of seats won is not directly related to vote share. Thus, several approaches are used to convert polling data and other information into seat predictions. The table below lists some of the predictions. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Parties </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Election Forecast<a href="#cite_note-371">[363]</a> as of 15 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Electoral Calculus<a href="#cite_note-372">[364]</a> as of 20 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Lord Ashcroft<a href="#cite_note-373">[365]</a> as of 12 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Elections Etc.<a href="#cite_note-374">[366]</a> as of 12 May 2017 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Spreadex" title="Spreadex">Spreadex</a><a href="#cite_note-375">[367]</a> as of 17 May 2017 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">414</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">391</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">406–415</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">391</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">397</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">155 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">185 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">152–164 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">170 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">161 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">45–48 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">44.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8–14 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4–5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6D3177; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Others </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1<a href="#cite_note-EF-GB-only-376">[n 9]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">18<a href="#cite_note-EC-Speaker-377">[n 10]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Overall result (probability) </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 178 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 132 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 162–180 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 132 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 144 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predictions_two_weeks_before_the_vote">Predictions two weeks before the vote</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Predictions two weeks before the vote">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;">Parties </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Election Forecast<a href="#cite_note-378">[368]</a> as of 26 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Electoral Calculus<a href="#cite_note-379">[369]</a> as of 28 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Lord Ashcroft<a href="#cite_note-auto2-380">[370]</a> as of 26 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Elections Etc.<a href="#cite_note-381">[371]</a> as of 26 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">New Statesman<a href="#cite_note-382">[372]</a> as of 26 May 2017 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">364</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">383</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">396</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">375</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">371</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">212 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">196 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">180 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">188 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">199 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">50 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">55 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6D3177; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Others </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1<a href="#cite_note-EF-GB-only-376">[n 9]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">18<a href="#cite_note-EC-Speaker-377">[n 10]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Overall result (probability) </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 78 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 116 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 142 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 100 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 92 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predictions_one_week_before_the_vote">Predictions one week before the vote</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Predictions one week before the vote">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Parties </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Election Forecast<a href="#cite_note-auto3-383">[373]</a> as of 1 June 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Electoral Calculus<a href="#cite_note-auto4-384">[374]</a> as of 31 May 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">New Statesman<a href="#cite_note-385">[375]</a> as of 31 May 2017 </th> <th>YouGov<a href="#cite_note-386">[376]</a> as of 1 June 2017 </th> <th>Britain Elects<a href="#cite_note-auto7-387">[377]</a> as of 1 June 2017 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Spreadex" title="Spreadex">Spreadex</a><a href="#cite_note-388">[378]</a> as of 31 May 2017 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">379</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">368</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">359</div> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">317 </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">362</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">367</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">195 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">208 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">209 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">253 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">206 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">200 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">46 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">50 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">46.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.25 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6D3177; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Others </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1<a href="#cite_note-EF-GB-only-376">[n 9]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">18<a href="#cite_note-EC-Speaker-377">[n 10]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Overall result (probability) </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 108 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 86 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 68 </td> <td style="text-align:center; color:#0087DC">Hung Parliament (Con 9 seats short) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 74 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 84 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predictions_on_polling_day">Predictions on polling day</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Predictions on polling day">edit</a>]</div> The UK's <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post" class="mw-redirect" title="First-past-the-post">first-past-the-post</a> electoral system means that national shares of the vote do not give an exact indicator of how the various parties will be represented in Parliament. Different commentators and pollsters currently provide a number of predictions, based on polls and other data, as to how the parties will be represented in Parliament: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Parties </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Election Forecast<a href="#cite_note-auto3-383">[373]</a> as of 8 June 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Electoral Calculus<a href="#cite_note-389">[379]</a> as of 8 June 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Lord Ashcroft<a href="#cite_note-auto2-380">[370]</a> as of 8 June 2017<a href="#cite_note-390">[380]</a> </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Elections Etc.<a href="#cite_note-391">[381]</a> as of 8 June 2017 </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">New Statesman<a href="#cite_note-392">[382]</a> as of 8 June 2017 </th> <th>YouGov<a href="#cite_note-393">[383]</a> as of 8 June 2017 </th> <th>Britain Elects<a href="#cite_note-394">[384]</a> as of 8 June 2017 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Spreadex" title="Spreadex">Spreadex</a><a href="#cite_note-395">[385]</a> as of 8 June 2017 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">366</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">358</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">357</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">358</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">337</div> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">302 </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">356</div> </td> <td style="background:#def;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">368</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">207 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">218 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">217 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">214 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">227 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">269 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">219 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">201 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">46 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">46.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6D3177; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Others </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1<a href="#cite_note-396">[386]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Overall result </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 82 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 66 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 64 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 66 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 24 </td> <td style="text-align:center; color:#0087DC">Hung Parliament (Con 24 seats short) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 62 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative majority of 86 </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ashcroft#UK_electoral_polling" title="Michael Ashcroft">Lord Ashcroft Polls</a> announced an estimate for the election result. He updated it at intervals on his website.<a href="#cite_note-397">[387]</a><a href="#cite_note-398">[388]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Calculus" title="Electoral Calculus">Electoral Calculus</a> maintained a running projection of seats according to latest polls on its website. It also maintained a seat-by-seat projection for Scotland.<a href="#cite_note-auto4-384">[374]</a></li> <li>Election Forecast also maintained a projection of seats based on current opinion poll averages on their website.<a href="#cite_note-auto3-383">[373]</a></li> <li>Elections Etc. issued regular forecasts based on current opinion poll averages, Betting Markets, expert predictions and other sources on their website.<a href="#cite_note-auto5-399">[389]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> issued daily seat estimates using their aggregated statistical election model.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>]<a href="#cite_note-400">[390]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto6-401">[391]</a></li> <li>Britain Elects maintained a 'nowcast' – a projection showing what the result would be if held today – of seats based on historical data as well as national and regional polling.<a href="#cite_note-auto7-387">[377]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exit_poll">Exit poll</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Exit poll">edit</a>]</div> An <a href="/wiki/Exit_poll" title="Exit poll">exit poll</a>, conducted by <a href="/wiki/GfK" title="GfK">GfK</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ipsos_MORI" title="Ipsos MORI">Ipsos MORI</a> on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITN" title="ITN">ITV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a>, was published at the end of voting at 10 pm, predicting the number of seats for each party, with the Conservatives being the largest party, but short of an overall majority:<a href="#cite_note-402">[392]</a> Actual results were close to the prediction. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;">Parties </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Seats </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Change </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">314 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 17 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">266 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 34 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 22 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 6 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6D3177; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Others </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18 </td> <td align="right"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4" style="text-align:center; color:#0087DC">Hung Parliament (Conservatives 12 seats short of overall majority) </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Results">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For results by county/region and analysis, see <a href="/wiki/Results_breakdown_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For complete results by individual constituency, see <a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_UK_general_election,_countries_and_regions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/2017_UK_general_election%2C_countries_and_regions.svg/400px-2017_UK_general_election%2C_countries_and_regions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="500" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/2017_UK_general_election%2C_countries_and_regions.svg/600px-2017_UK_general_election%2C_countries_and_regions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/2017_UK_general_election%2C_countries_and_regions.svg/800px-2017_UK_general_election%2C_countries_and_regions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Result by countries and English regions</figcaption></figure> Results for all constituencies except <a href="/wiki/Kensington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Kensington (UK Parliament constituency)">Kensington</a> were reported by the morning after the election. The Conservatives remained the largest single party in terms of seats and votes, but were short of a parliamentary majority. The Conservatives won 317 seats with 42.4% of the vote while the Labour Party won 262 seats with 40.0% of the vote. The election resulted in the third <a href="/wiki/Hung_parliament" title="Hung parliament">hung parliament</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, elections in <a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974</a> and <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> having previously resulted in hung parliaments. <a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> correctly predicted a hung parliament after employing "controversial" methodology.<a href="#cite_note-yougov_guardian-403">[393]</a><a href="#cite_note-yougov_newscientist-404">[394]</a><a href="#cite_note-yougov_independent-405">[395]</a> Twenty-nine seats that had changed parties at the 2015 election changed parties again in 2017. Nineteen of these seats returned the candidate from the party that had held the seat in 2010. A third party took ten of these seats: nine were Conservative gains from the SNP in seats that the SNP had won from Labour in 2015, whilst <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Portsmouth South">Portsmouth South</a>, which the Conservatives had gained from the Lib Dems in 2015, was then gained by Labour in 2017. In England, Labour made a net gain of 21 seats, taking 25 constituencies from the Conservatives and two from the Liberal Democrats. Its gains were predominantly in university towns and cities and in London, most notably achieving victories in the London constituencies of <a href="/wiki/Battersea_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Battersea (UK Parliament constituency)">Battersea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croydon_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="Croydon Central">Croydon Central</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enfield_Southgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfield Southgate">Enfield Southgate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kensington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Kensington (UK Parliament constituency)">Kensington</a>.<a href="#cite_note-406">[396]</a> Labour also took the university constituencies of <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Canterbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ipswich_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Ipswich (UK Parliament constituency)">Ipswich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lincoln (UK Parliament constituency)">Lincoln</a> from the Conservatives by narrow margins;<a href="#cite_note-407">[397]</a> However it also lost five seats to the Conservatives, largely in <a href="/wiki/The_Midlands" class="mw-redirect" title="The Midlands">the Midlands</a>, and did not regain <a href="/wiki/Copeland_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Copeland (UK Parliament constituency)">Copeland</a> which had been lost in a <a href="/wiki/2017_Copeland_by-election" title="2017 Copeland by-election">February by-election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-408">[398]</a> The Conservatives had gained <a href="/wiki/Mansfield_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Mansfield (UK Parliament constituency)">Mansfield</a>, which had been held by Labour since 1918<a href="#cite_note-409">[399]</a>.The Conservatives experienced a net loss of 22 seats, the first time since 1997 that the party suffered a net loss of seats. They gained <a href="/wiki/Clacton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)">Clacton</a> from UKIP and <a href="/wiki/Southport_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Southport (UK Parliament constituency)">Southport</a> from the Liberal Democrats in addition to the six gains from Labour. The Liberal Democrats took five seats from the Conservatives, including <a href="/wiki/Twickenham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)">Twickenham</a>, won back by <a href="/wiki/Vince_Cable" title="Vince Cable">Vince Cable</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kingston_and_Surbiton" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston and Surbiton">Kingston and Surbiton</a>, won by <a href="/wiki/Ed_Davey" title="Ed Davey">Ed Davey</a>,<a href="#cite_note-410">[400]</a> but lost two seats to Labour: <a href="/wiki/Leeds_North_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Leeds North West">Leeds North West</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Hallam_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Sheffield Hallam (UK Parliament constituency)">Sheffield Hallam</a>, the seat of former party leader <a href="/wiki/Nick_Clegg" title="Nick Clegg">Nick Clegg</a>. <a href="/wiki/Richmond_Park_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Richmond Park (UK Parliament constituency)">Richmond Park</a>, which the Liberal Democrats had won in a 2016 by-election, was narrowly lost to the Conservatives. <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Caroline Lucas</a> remained the sole Green Party MP, retaining <a href="/wiki/Brighton_Pavilion_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Brighton Pavilion (UK Parliament constituency)">Brighton Pavilion</a>. In Scotland, the Conservatives, Labour, and the Liberal Democrats all gained seats from the SNP, whose losses were attributed to opposition to a <a href="/wiki/Proposed_second_Scottish_independence_referendum" title="Proposed second Scottish independence referendum">second Scottish independence referendum</a>, contributing to tactical voting for unionist parties.<a href="#cite_note-411">[401]</a><a href="#cite_note-412">[402]</a> The Conservative Party placed second in Scotland for the first time since <a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a>, won its largest number of seats in Scotland since <a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a><a href="#cite_note-413">[403]</a> and recorded its highest share of the vote there since <a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979</a>. With thirteen seats, the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Conservatives" title="Scottish Conservatives">Scottish Conservatives</a> became the largest unionist party in Scotland for the first time since <a href="/wiki/1955_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1955 United Kingdom general election">1955</a>. Labour gained six seats from the SNP; one of which was <a href="/wiki/Kirkcaldy_and_Cowdenbeath" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath">Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath</a>, the old seat of former Labour Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Gordon Brown</a>, whereas the Liberal Democrats gained three. Having won 56 of 59 Scottish seats at the last general election, the SNP lost a total of 21 seats, and majorities in its remaining seats were greatly reduced.<a href="#cite_note-414">[404]</a> High-profile losses included SNP Commons leader <a href="/wiki/Angus_Robertson" title="Angus Robertson">Angus Robertson</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moray_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Moray (UK Parliament constituency)">Moray</a> and former party leader and ex-First Minister <a href="/wiki/Alex_Salmond" title="Alex Salmond">Alex Salmond</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gordon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gordon (UK Parliament constituency)">Gordon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-415">[405]</a> In Wales, Labour held 25 seats and gained <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cardiff North (UK Parliament constituency)">Cardiff North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gower_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gower (UK Parliament constituency)">Gower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vale_of_Clwyd_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Vale of Clwyd (UK Parliament constituency)">Vale of Clwyd</a> from the Conservatives, leaving the Welsh Conservatives with eight seats. Plaid Cymru retained its three existing seats and gained <a href="/wiki/Ceredigion_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Ceredigion (UK Parliament constituency)">Ceredigion</a>, the Liberal Democrats' only seat in Wales.<a href="#cite_note-416">[406]</a> This was the first ever election at which the Liberal Democrats or one of their ancestral parties failed to win a seat in Wales. In Northern Ireland, the SDLP lost its three seats (<a href="/wiki/Foyle_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Foyle (UK Parliament constituency)">Foyle</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Down_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Down (UK Parliament constituency)">South Down</a> to Sinn Féin and <a href="/wiki/Belfast_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast South (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast South</a> to the DUP), while the UUP lost its two seats (<a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)">Fermanagh and South Tyrone</a> to Sinn Féin and <a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">South Antrim</a> to the DUP). With the Alliance Party failing to win any seats or regain <a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a>, this left the DUP with ten seats (up from eight) and Sinn Féin with seven (up from four); independent unionist <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Hermon" title="Sylvia Hermon">Sylvia Hermon</a> retained <a href="/wiki/North_Down_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Down (UK Parliament constituency)">North Down</a>.<a href="#cite_note-417">[407]</a> Recording its best result since <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Ireland" title="Partition of Ireland">partition</a>, Sinn Féin confirmed it would continue <a href="/wiki/Abstentionism#Sinn_Féin" title="Abstentionism">its abstentionist policy</a>, leaving no <a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism#Northern_Ireland" title="Irish nationalism">nationalist</a> representation in the House of Commons.<a href="#cite_note-418">[408]</a> UKIP failed to win any seats, its vote share falling from 12.6% at the previous general election to just 1.8%; party leader Paul Nuttall came third in <a href="/wiki/Boston_and_Skegness" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston and Skegness">Boston and Skegness</a>. The Greens' vote share dropped from 3.8% to 1.6%. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Analysis">Analysis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Analysis">edit</a>]</div> The result was noted for increased vote shares for Labour (up 9.6 percentage points) and the Conservatives (up 5.5 percentage points), with a combined 82.4% share of the vote, up from 67.3% in 2015. The highest combined share of the vote for the two main parties since <a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970</a>, it was suggested this indicated a return to <a href="/wiki/Two-party_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-party politics">two-party politics</a><a href="#cite_note-:18-10">[5]</a> caused by tactical voting<a href="#cite_note-419">[409]</a> which led to the Conservatives having a smaller share of seats despite an increased number of votes. The election was characterised by higher turnout, particularly among younger voters, which may have contributed to Labour's increased vote share.<a href="#cite_note-:17-420">[410]</a><a href="#cite_note-:19-421">[411]</a> Research company <a href="/wiki/Ipsos_MORI" title="Ipsos MORI">Ipsos MORI</a> considered age to be one of the most significant factors behind the result; compared to the 2015 general election, under-45s tended to opt more for Labour and over-54s for the Conservatives.<a href="#cite_note-:19-421">[411]</a> It found 60% of those aged 18–24 voted Labour while 61% of over-64s voted Conservative.<a href="#cite_note-:19-421">[411]</a> The swing to Labour was high in those seats with large numbers of young people.<a href="#cite_note-:20-422">[412]</a> In seats where the Remain vote was strong there was also evidence of tactical voting against the Conservatives to stop a "hard Brexit", with many voters opting for the non-Conservative candidate with the best chance of winning.<a href="#cite_note-423">[413]</a> In terms of <a href="/wiki/Social_grade" class="mw-redirect" title="Social grade">social grade</a>, Labour increased its share of middle-class voters (defined as ABC1) by 12 percentage points compared to the previous election while the Conservatives increased their share of working-class voters (C2DE) by 12 percentage points.<a href="#cite_note-:19-421">[411]</a> Political scientist <a href="/wiki/John_Curtice" title="John Curtice">John Curtice</a> found that the Conservatives tended to experience a greater increase in vote share in seats with a higher proportion of working-class voters, particularly those that voted Leave in the EU referendum.<a href="#cite_note-:20-422">[412]</a> Many of Labour's most successful results occurred in seats that voted Remain by a large margin in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-:20-422">[412]</a> Compared to previous elections, turnout by <a href="/wiki/Private_rented_sector" title="Private rented sector">private renters</a> increased (from 51% in 2010 to 65%) and favoured Labour to a greater degree, with the party achieving a 23-point lead over the Conservatives among private renters; the Conservatives maintained a 14-point lead among <a href="/wiki/Owner-occupancy" title="Owner-occupancy">homeowners</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:21-424">[414]</a> In terms of education, <a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> found that a one-point lead for the Conservatives among university graduates in 2015 had flipped to a 17-point lead for Labour in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-:21-424">[414]</a><a href="#cite_note-:22-425">[415]</a> For those with low educational qualifications, the Conservatives led by 22 points, up from 8 points in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-:21-424">[414]</a><a href="#cite_note-:22-425">[415]</a> It was suggested that UKIP's decline boosted both main parties, but tended to help Labour retain seats in the North of England and the Midlands against the Conservatives, though it may have also benefited the Conservatives in predominantly working-class seats.<a href="#cite_note-:17-420">[410]</a><a href="#cite_note-:21-424">[414]</a> Ipsos Mori found that UKIP's collapse was consistent across all age groups.<a href="#cite_note-:19-421">[411]</a> Published in August 2017, the <a href="/wiki/British_Election_Study" title="British Election Study">British Election Study</a> (BES), which surveyed 30,000 voters, found that despite a relatively low profile in the campaign, Brexit was considered to be the single most important issue facing the country by over a third of respondents.<a href="#cite_note-:23-426">[416]</a> It found more than half of UKIP voters in 2015 went to the Conservatives, while 18% went to Labour.<a href="#cite_note-:23-426">[416]</a> Remain voters tended to favour Labour, with the party particularly gaining among Remain voters who previously supported other parties, despite perceived uncertainty over its position on the <a href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">single market</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:23-426">[416]</a> There was a strong correlation between those who prioritised controlling immigration and the Conservatives, while the same was true for supporting single market access and those who opted for Labour or the Liberal Democrats.<a href="#cite_note-:23-426">[416]</a> The BES study indicated the importance of the campaign period. A pre-election survey found 41% for the Conservatives and 27% for Labour, but by the election 19% of voters had switched party.<a href="#cite_note-:23-426">[416]</a> Unlike the previous election where both main parties achieved similar shares of late-switchers, Labour won 54% while the Conservatives won 19%.<a href="#cite_note-:23-426">[416]</a> Likeability of party leaders also narrowed over the course of the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-:23-426">[416]</a> Newly elected MPs included Britain's first turbaned Sikh MP, <a href="/wiki/Tan_Dhesi" title="Tan Dhesi">Tan Dhesi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Basu-427">[417]</a> the first woman Sikh MP, <a href="/wiki/Preet_Gill" class="mw-redirect" title="Preet Gill">Preet Gill</a>,<a href="#cite_note-428">[418]</a> and the first MP of <a href="/wiki/Palestinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian">Palestinian</a> descent, <a href="/wiki/Layla_Moran" title="Layla Moran">Layla Moran</a>.<a href="#cite_note-429">[419]</a> A record number of woman and LGBT+ MPs were elected.<a href="#cite_note-Wheeler-430">[420]</a><a href="#cite_note-431">[421]</a> 208 woman MPs were elected to Parliament; the first time more than 200 MPs were women and beating the previous high of 196 woman MPs in the last Parliament.<a href="#cite_note-432">[422]</a> For the first time, a majority of MPs were educated at state comprehensive schools.<a href="#cite_note-433">[423]</a> More MPs who are known to be disabled were elected in 2017 than in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-434">[424]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Long-term_trends">Long-term trends</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Long-term trends">edit</a>]</div> The results of the 2017 general election indicate the tilting of Britain's political axis, which reflects long-term trends.<a href="#cite_note-Jennings-435">[425]</a> Looking at information of constituency-level voting in England between 2005 and 2017, patterns of voting confirm the relevance of identifying new categories of social class alongside traditional political divides.<a href="#cite_note-Jennings-435">[425]</a> Labour has had increased appeal to voters who work in areas central to the modern British economy, and at the same time in larger metropolitan centres and economically dynamic university towns.<a href="#cite_note-Jennings-435">[425]</a> On the other hand, the Conservative voter base has been seen to increase in less populated, less ethnically diverse areas, where voters are more engaged in industries such as manufacturing.<a href="#cite_note-Jennings-435">[425]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overall">Overall</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Overall">edit</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="float:center;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 194px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 192px;"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_UK_general_election_constituency_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Election results plotted on a map showing equal-size constituencies, showing winning party in each."><img alt="Election results plotted on a map showing equal-size constituencies, showing winning party in each." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/2017_UK_general_election_constituency_map.svg/288px-2017_UK_general_election_constituency_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="192" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/2017_UK_general_election_constituency_map.svg/432px-2017_UK_general_election_constituency_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/2017_UK_general_election_constituency_map.svg/575px-2017_UK_general_election_constituency_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1477" data-file-height="1925" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Election results plotted on a map showing equal-size constituencies, showing winning party in each.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 194px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 192px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Minor_party_only_UK_2017.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Election results showing the best-performing party in each constituency, other than Conservative or Labour."><img alt="Election results showing the best-performing party in each constituency, other than Conservative or Labour." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Minor_party_only_UK_2017.png/288px-Minor_party_only_UK_2017.png" decoding="async" width="192" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Minor_party_only_UK_2017.png/432px-Minor_party_only_UK_2017.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Minor_party_only_UK_2017.png/575px-Minor_party_only_UK_2017.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2607" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Election results showing the best-performing party in each constituency, other than Conservative or Labour.</div> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Summary">Summary</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Summary">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_UK_parliament.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2017_UK_parliament.svg/300px-2017_UK_parliament.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2017_UK_parliament.svg/450px-2017_UK_parliament.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2017_UK_parliament.svg/600px-2017_UK_parliament.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> After all 650 constituencies had been declared, the results were:<a href="#cite_note-436">[426]</a><a href="#cite_note-437">[427]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_UK_General_Election_Winner%25.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/2017_UK_General_Election_Winner%25.svg/780px-2017_UK_General_Election_Winner%25.svg.png" decoding="async" width="780" height="649" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/2017_UK_General_Election_Winner%25.svg/1170px-2017_UK_General_Election_Winner%25.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/2017_UK_General_Election_Winner%25.svg/1560px-2017_UK_General_Election_Winner%25.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="426" /></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Leader </th> <th colspan="3">MPs </th> <th colspan="3">Votes </th></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <th>Of total </th> <th class="unsortable"> </th> <th> </th> <th>Of total </th> <th class="unsortable"> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">317 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">48.8% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">317 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0087DC; width: 49%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,636,684 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42.3% </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238854847">.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar{position:relative;border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#fff;width:100px;max-width:100%;height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar-fill{position:absolute;background-color:#dbdbdb;height:1.5em;width:50%}.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar-text{position:absolute;width:100%;height:1.5em;text-align:center;color:#000}</style><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#0087DC; width: 42%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">262 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40.3% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">262 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E4003B; width: 40%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,877,918 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40.0% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#E4003B; width: 40%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.4% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">35 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FDF38E; width: 5%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">977,568 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.0% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#FDF38E; width: 3%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.8% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">12 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FAA61A; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,371,861 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7.4% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#FAA61A; width: 7%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#D46A4C; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.5% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">10 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">292,316 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.9% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#D46A4C; width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0D8069; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.1% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">7 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0D8069; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">238,915 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.7% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#0D8069; width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Leanne Wood</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.6% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">4 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #005B54; width: 0.6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">164,466 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.5% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#005B54; width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party of England and Wales</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Jonathan Bartley</a> <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Caroline Lucas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.2% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">1 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #02A95B; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">512,327 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.6% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#02A95B; width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker</a> </td> <td style="background-color:black; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Bercow" title="John Bercow">John Bercow</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.2% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">1 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: black; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34,299 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:black; width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">Independent </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Hermon" title="Sylvia Hermon">Sylvia Hermon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/North_Down_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Down (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.2% </td> <td data-sort-value=""><div style="width: 100px;">1 / 650<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #DCDCDC; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,148 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.05% </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background-color: #f0f0f0;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Full_results">Full results</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Full results">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:2017_United_Kingdom_parliamentary_election&action=edit">e</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2017_United_Kingdom_parliamentary_election" title="Template talk:2017 United Kingdom parliamentary election">d</a> Results of the June 2017 <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons of the United Kingdom</a> results </caption> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" colspan="15"><a href="/wiki/File:UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg/360px-UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg/540px-UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg/720px-UK_House_of_Commons_2017-06-26.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="224" /></a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; background-color:#F2F2F2;"> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan="2" rowspan="2">Political party </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" rowspan="2">Leader </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan="6">MPs </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan="3">Votes </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; background-color:#F2F2F2;"> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Candidates<a href="#cite_note-438">[428]</a> </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Total </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Gained </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Lost </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Net </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Of total (%) </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Total </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Of total (%) </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">Change (%) </th></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Conservative Party (UK)" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a><a href="#cite_note-439">[429]</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">638 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">317 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">20 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">33 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−13 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">48.8 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">13,636,684 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">42.3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+5.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;" data-sort-value="Labour Party (UK)"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">631 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">262 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">36 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">6 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+30 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">40.3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">12,877,918 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">40.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+9.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Liberal Democrats" style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">629 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">12 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">8 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1.8 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2,371,861 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">7.4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Scottish National Party" style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">59 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">35 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">21 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−21 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">5.4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">977,568 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="UK Independence Party" style="background-color:#6D3177; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UKIP</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Paul Nuttall</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">378 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">594,068 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1.8 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−10.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Green Party of England and Wales" style="background-color:#02A95B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party of England and Wales</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Caroline Lucas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Jonathan Bartley</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">457 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Brighton_Pavilion_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Brighton Pavilion (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">512,327 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1.6 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−2.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Democratic Unionist Party" style="background-color:#D46A4C; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">17 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">10 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1.5 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">292,316 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.9 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Sinn Féin" style="background-color:#0D8069; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">18 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">7 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1.1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">238,915 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.7 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Plaid Cymru" style="background-color:#005B54; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Leanne Wood</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">40 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.6 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">164,466 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.5 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:6;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">187 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">151,471 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.5 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Social Democratic and Labour Party" style="background-color:#2AA82C; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Colum_Eastwood" title="Colum Eastwood">Colum Eastwood</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">18 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">95,419 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Ulster Unionist Party" style="background-color:#48A5EE; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Swann" title="Robin Swann">Robin Swann</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">14 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">83,280 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland" style="background-color:#F6CB2F; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Long" title="Naomi Long">Naomi Long</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">18 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">64,553 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Speaker of the House of Commons" style="background-color:black; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/John_Bercow" title="John Bercow">John Bercow</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Buckingham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Buckingham (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Buckingham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Buckingham (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">34,299 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Yorkshire Party" style="background-color:#00AEEF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_Party" title="Yorkshire Party">Yorkshire</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Stewart Arnold </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">21 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">20,958 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="National Health Action Party" style="background-color:#0071BB; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/National_Health_Action_Party" title="National Health Action Party">NHA</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Alex Ashman </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">5 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">16,119 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Green Party Northern Ireland" style="background-color:#8dc63f; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_Northern_Ireland" title="Green Party Northern Ireland">Green Party Northern Ireland</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Agnew" title="Steven Agnew">Steven Agnew</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">7 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">7,452 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Scottish Green Party" style="background-color:#00B140; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Green_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Green Party">Scottish Green Party</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Harvie" title="Patrick Harvie">Patrick Harvie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Chapman" title="Maggie Chapman">Maggie Chapman</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">5,886 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Christian Peoples Alliance" style="background-color:#813887; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Peoples_Alliance" title="Christian Peoples Alliance">CPA</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Sidney Cordle </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">31 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">5,869 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="People Before Profit Alliance" style="background-color:#E91D50; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/People_Before_Profit_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="People Before Profit Alliance">People Before Profit</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Eamonn McCann </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">5,509 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Ashfield Independents" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ashfield_Independents" title="Ashfield Independents">Ashfield Independents</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">4,612 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="British National Party" style="background-color:#2e3b74; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party" title="British National Party">BNP</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Walker_(British_politician)" title="Adam Walker (British politician)">Adam Walker</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">10 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">4,580 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Official Monster Raving Loony Party" style="background-color:#FFF000; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Official_Monster_Raving_Loony_Party" title="Official Monster Raving Loony Party">Monster Raving Loony</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Alan Hope </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">12 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3,890 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Liberal Party" style="background-color:#EB7A43; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK,_1989)" title="Liberal Party (UK, 1989)">Liberal</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Steve Radford </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3,672 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Women's Equality Party" style="background-color:#432360; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Equality_Party" title="Women's Equality Party">Women's Equality</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Sophie Walker </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">7 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3,580 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Traditional Unionist Voice" style="background-color:#0C3A6A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">TUV</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Allister" title="Jim Allister">Jim Allister</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3,282 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="The North East Party" style="background-color:#800000; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_North_East_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="The North East Party">North East Party</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Mary Cartwright </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2,355 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Pirate Party" style="background-color:#990099; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Party_UK" title="Pirate Party UK">Pirate</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">David A Elston </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">10 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2,321 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="English Democrats" style="background-color:#915F6D; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/English_Democrats" title="English Democrats">English Democrat</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Robin Tilbrook </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">7 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1,913 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Christian Party (UK)" style="background-color:#9966CC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Party_(UK)" title="Christian Party (UK)">Christian</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Jeff Green </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1,720 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Independent Save Withybush Save Lives" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row">Independent Save Withybush Save Lives </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1,209 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Socialist Labour Party (UK)" style="background-color:#EE1C25; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Socialist Labour Party (UK)">Socialist Labour</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Scargill" title="Arthur Scargill">Arthur Scargill</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1,154 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Animal Welfare Party" style="background-color:#EE3263; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Welfare_Party" title="Animal Welfare Party">Animal Welfare</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Vanessa Hudson </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">955 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="The Justice & Anti-Corruption Party" style="background-color:Crimson; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Justice_%26_Anti-Corruption_Party" title="The Justice & Anti-Corruption Party">JAC</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">842 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Southampton Independents" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row">Southampton Independents </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">816 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Workers Revolutionary Party" style="background-color:#AA0000; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Workers_Revolutionary_Party_(UK)" title="Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)">Workers Revolutionary</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Sheila Torrance </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">5 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">771 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Workers' Party (Ireland)" style="background-color:#930C1A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">Workers' Party</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">708 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Something New (political party)" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Something_New_(political_party)" title="Something New (political party)">Something New</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">552 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Demos Direct Initiative Party" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row">Demos Direct Initiative Party </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">551 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Libertarian Party" style="background-color:#FCC820; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(UK)" title="Libertarian Party (UK)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Adam Brown </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">4 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">524 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Social Democratic Party" style="background-color:#D25469; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK,_1990%E2%80%93present)" title="Social Democratic Party (UK, 1990–present)">SDP</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">Peter Johnson </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">6 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">469 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Peace Party" style="background-color:#F58231; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Peace_Party_(UK)" title="Peace Party (UK)">Peace</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;">John Morris </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">2 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">468 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Friends Party" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row">Friends Party </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">435 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Better for Bradford" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Better_for_Bradford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Better for Bradford (page does not exist)">Better for Bradford</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">1 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">420 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="All other parties" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;" scope="row">All other parties </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left;"> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">38 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">5,447 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr class="unsortable" style="background-color:#F2F2F2"> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan="3">Total </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">3,304 </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">650 </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"> </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"> </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"> </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"> </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;">32,204,184 </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"> </th> <th style="border: 1px solid #aaa;"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#DCDCDC; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 15915.284869129px; border-left-color:black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:black"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 5304.5364363156px; border-left-color:#02A95B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#02A95B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#02A95B"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 3182.0515953774px; border-left-color:#005B54"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#005B54"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#005B54"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1444.5585503933px; border-left-color:#0D8069"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#0D8069"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#0D8069"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 718.81801016266px; border-left-color:#D46A4C"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#D46A4C"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#D46A4C"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 422.37116738353px; border-left-color:#FAA61A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#FAA61A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#FAA61A"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 277.7606853915px; border-left-color:#FDF38E"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#FDF38E"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#FDF38E"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 122.43749497389px; border-left-color:#E4003B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#E4003B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#E4003B"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 1323.7769652808px 100px 0; border-right-color:#0087DC"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#0087DC"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Seats, of total, by party <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> (48.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> (40.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> (5.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> (1.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a> (1.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> (1.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (0.6%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green</a> (0.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker</a> (0.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> (0.2%)</div> </div> </div></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 880.42099845207px; border-left-color:#005B54"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#005B54"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#005B54"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 687.15418461364px; border-left-color:#0D8069"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#0D8069"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#0D8069"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 524.21835811132px; border-left-color:#D46A4C"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#D46A4C"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#D46A4C"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 399.88857067245px; border-left-color:#02A95B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#02A95B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#02A95B"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 277.7606853915px; border-left-color:#6D3177"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#6D3177"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#6D3177"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 202.51256191925px; border-left-color:#FDF38E"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#FDF38E"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#FDF38E"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 132.31967989222px; border-left-color:#FAA61A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#FAA61A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#FAA61A"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 49.379652823647px; border-left-color:#E4003B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#E4003B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#E4003B"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 190.31049331139px 100px 0; border-right-color:#0087DC"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#0087DC"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Votes, of total, by party <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> (42.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> (40.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> (7.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> (3.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> (1.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green</a> (1.6%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a> (0.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> (0.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (0.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Other (1.8%)</div> </div> </div></div> All parties with over 400 votes shown. <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Vote share</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Conservative</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0087DC; width:42.3%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">42.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Labour</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E4003B; width:40.0%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">40.0%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Liberal Democrat</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FAA61A; width:7.4%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">7.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Scottish National</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FDF38E; border:1px solid darkgray; width:3.0%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3.0%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">UK Independence</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#6D3177; width:1.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Green</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#02A95B; width:1.6%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.6%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Democratic Unionist</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#D46A4C; width:0.9%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.9%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Sinn Féin</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0D8069; width:0.7%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Plaid Cymru</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#005B54; width:0.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#777777; width:1.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.8%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Parliamentary seats</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Conservative</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0087DC; width:48.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">48.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Labour</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E4003B; width:40.3%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">40.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Scottish National</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FDF38E; border:1px solid darkgray; width:5.4%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">5.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Liberal Democrat</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FAA61A; width:1.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Democratic Unionist</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#D46A4C; width:1.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Sinn Féin</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0D8069; width:1.1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Plaid Cymru</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#005B54; width:0.6%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.6%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Green</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#02A95B; width:0.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Speaker</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:black; width:0.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Independent</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#DCDCDC; width:0.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.2%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/2017_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png/220px-2017_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/2017_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png/330px-2017_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/2017_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png/440px-2017_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="496" /></a><figcaption>The disproportionality of parliament in the 2017 election was 6.45 using the <a href="/wiki/Gallagher_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallagher Index">Gallagher Index</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Voter_demographics">Voter demographics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Voter demographics">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ipsos_MORI">Ipsos MORI</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Ipsos MORI">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Ipsos_MORI" title="Ipsos MORI">Ipsos MORI</a> polling after the election suggested the following demographic breakdown: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10">The 2017 UK general election vote in Great Britain<a href="#cite_note-440">[430]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:150px;" rowspan="2">Social group </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Con</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Lab</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Lib_Dem" class="mw-redirect" title="Lib Dem">Lib Dem</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" rowspan="2" class="unsortable">Others </th> <th style="width:60px;" rowspan="2" class="unsortable">Lead </th></tr> <tr> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#0087DC; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#E4003B; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#6D3177; width:60px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Total vote </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A2DDFF;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Gender </th></tr> <tr> <td>Male </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Female </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Age </th></tr> <tr> <td>18–24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">62 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25–34 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">56 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>35–44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>45–54 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>55–64 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">17 </td></tr> <tr> <td>65+ </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">61 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">36 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Men by age </th></tr> <tr> <td>18–24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">52 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25–34 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">24 </td></tr> <tr> <td>35–54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">42 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>55+ </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">56 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">26 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Women by age </th></tr> <tr> <td>18–24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">73 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">55 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25–34 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">58 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">34 </td></tr> <tr> <td>35–54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">46 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>55+ </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">58 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">31 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Social class </th></tr> <tr> <td>AB </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C1 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DE </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">9 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Men by social class </th></tr> <tr> <td>AB </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">50 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C1 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DE </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">12 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Women by social class </th></tr> <tr> <td>AB </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C1 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DE </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">9 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Housing tenure </th></tr> <tr> <td>Owned </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">25 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mortgage </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Social renter </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">57 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">31 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Private renter </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">23 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Ethnic group </th></tr> <tr> <td>White </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>BME </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">73 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">54 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Qualifications </th></tr> <tr> <td>No qualifications </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">52 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">17 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other qualifications </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">46 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Degree or higher </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">15 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">EU referendum vote </th></tr> <tr> <td>Remain </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">28 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Leave </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">65 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">41 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Did not vote </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">66 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">43 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">2015 general election vote </th></tr> <tr> <td>Conservative </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">87 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">79 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Labour </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">88 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">81 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lib Dem </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FEE1A8;">51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FAA61A; color:black;">21 </td></tr> <tr> <td>UKIP </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">60 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">42 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Aged 18–34 by social class </th></tr> <tr> <td>AB </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">52 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">21 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">58 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">31 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">62 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DE </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">70 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">52 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Aged 35–54 by social class </th></tr> <tr> <td>AB </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DE </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#E4003B; color:white;">28 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Aged 55+ by social class </th></tr> <tr> <td>AB </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">61 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">37 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C1 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">60 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">59 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">31 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DE </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#0087DC; color:white;">12 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="YouGov">YouGov</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: YouGov">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> polling after the election suggested the following demographic breakdown: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10">The 2017 UK general election vote in Great Britain<a href="#cite_note-441">[431]</a><a href="#cite_note-442">[432]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:150px;" rowspan="2">Social group </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Con</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Lab</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Lib_Dem" class="mw-redirect" title="Lib Dem">Lib Dem</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Green_Parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Parties in the United Kingdom">Green</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid</a> </th> <th style="width:60px;" rowspan="2" class="unsortable">Others </th></tr> <tr> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#0087DC; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#E4003B; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#FAA61A; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#FDF38E; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#6D3177; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#02A95B; width:60px;"> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="color:inherit;background:#005B54; width:60px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Total vote </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A2DDFF;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Gender </th></tr> <tr> <td>Male </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Female </td> <td style="text-align:right;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Age </th></tr> <tr> <td>18–19 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">66 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>20–24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">62 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25–29 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">63 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>30–39 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>40–49 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>50–59 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A5DFFF;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>60–69 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">58 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>70+ </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">69 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/NRS_social_grade" title="NRS social grade">Social class</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>AB </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#97D8FF;">46 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA3A3;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C2 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A5DFFF;">47 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DE </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA3A3;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Highest educational level </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GCSE" title="GCSE">GCSE</a> or lower </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Medium </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>High (degree or above) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA3A3;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Housing status </th></tr> <tr> <td>Own </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">53 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rent </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Neither </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Work sector </th></tr> <tr> <td>Private sector </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#99D9FF;">50 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public sector </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Work status </th></tr> <tr> <td>Full-time </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">45 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Part-time </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Student </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;">64 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Retired </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#8AD2FF;">63 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Unemployed </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Not working </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;">55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="9">Newspaper read most often </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Express" title="Daily Express">Daily Express</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#8AD2FF;">77 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;">74 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;">68 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daily_Star_(British_newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Star (British newspaper)">Daily Star</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#6AC1FF;">59 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#6AC1FF;">79 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Financial_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Financial Times">The Financial Times</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;">40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">73 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15 </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;">66 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#83CEFF;">58 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Open_seats_changing_hands">Open seats changing hands</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Open seats changing hands">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Incumbent retiring from the House </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th>Defeated by </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Oakley, Paul">Paul Oakley (<a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a>) </td> <td data-sort-value="Carswell, Douglas"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Carswell" title="Douglas Carswell">Douglas Carswell</a> (elected as UKIP)<a href="#cite_note-carswell-443">[n 11]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Clacton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)">Clacton</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Watling, Giles"><a href="/wiki/Giles_Watling" title="Giles Watling">Giles Watling</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Giugliano, Toni">Toni Giugliano (<a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a>) </td> <td data-sort-value="Thomson, Michelle"><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Thomson" title="Michelle Thomson">Michelle Thomson</a> (elected as SNP)<a href="#cite_note-thomson-444">[n 12]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)">Edinburgh West</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Jardine, Christine"><a href="/wiki/Christine_Jardine" title="Christine Jardine">Christine Jardine</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Harvey, Tracey">Tracey Harvey </td> <td data-sort-value="Blenkinsop, Tom"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Blenkinsop" title="Tom Blenkinsop">Tom Blenkinsop</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Middlesbrough_South_and_East_Cleveland" class="mw-redirect" title="Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland">Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Clarke, Simon"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Clarke_(politician)" title="Simon Clarke (politician)">Simon Clarke</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McGuire, Sue">Sue McGuire </td> <td data-sort-value="Pugh, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Pugh" title="John Pugh">John Pugh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southport_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Southport (UK Parliament constituency)">Southport</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Moore, Damien"><a href="/wiki/Damien_Moore" title="Damien Moore">Damien Moore</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seats_which_changed_allegiance">Seats which changed allegiance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Seats which changed allegiance">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_who_lost_their_seat_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs who lost their seat in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">List of MPs who lost their seat in the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <dl><dt>Conservative to Labour (28)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battersea_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Battersea (UK Parliament constituency)">Battersea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bedford (UK Parliament constituency)">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_Kemptown" class="mw-redirect" title="Brighton Kemptown">Brighton Kemptown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_North_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol North West">Bristol North West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bury_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Bury North">Bury North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cardiff North (UK Parliament constituency)">Cardiff North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colne_Valley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Colne Valley (UK Parliament constituency)">Colne Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crewe_and_Nantwich_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Crewe and Nantwich (UK Parliament constituency)">Crewe and Nantwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="Croydon Central">Croydon Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Derby North">Derby North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfield_Southgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfield Southgate">Enfield Southgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gower_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gower (UK Parliament constituency)">Gower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Peak_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="High Peak (UK Parliament constituency)">High Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Ipswich (UK Parliament constituency)">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keighley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keighley (UK Parliament constituency)">Keighley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Kensington (UK Parliament constituency)">Kensington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lincoln (UK Parliament constituency)">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterborough_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency)">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Sutton_and_Devonport" class="mw-redirect" title="Plymouth Sutton and Devonport">Plymouth Sutton and Devonport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Portsmouth South">Portsmouth South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Reading East">Reading East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockton South">Stockton South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroud_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Stroud (UK Parliament constituency)">Stroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vale_of_Clwyd_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Vale of Clwyd (UK Parliament constituency)">Vale of Clwyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrington_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrington South">Warrington South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick_and_Leamington" class="mw-redirect" title="Warwick and Leamington">Warwick and Leamington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaver_Vale" class="mw-redirect" title="Weaver Vale">Weaver Vale</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>SNP to Conservative (12)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Aberdeen South (UK Parliament constituency)">Aberdeen South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeenshire_West_and_Kincardine_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdeenshire West and Kincardine (UK Parliament constituency)">Aberdeenshire West & Kincardine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Angus (UK Parliament constituency)">Angus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayr,_Carrick_and_Cumnock" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock">Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banff_and_Buchan_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Banff and Buchan (UK Parliament constituency)">Banff and Buchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berwickshire,_Roxburgh_and_Selkirk" class="mw-redirect" title="Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk">Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumfries_and_Galloway_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dumfries and Galloway (UK Parliament constituency)">Dumfries and Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Renfrewshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Renfrewshire (UK Parliament constituency)">East Renfrewshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gordon (UK Parliament constituency)">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moray_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Moray (UK Parliament constituency)">Moray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochil_and_South_Perthshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ochil and South Perthshire">Ochil and South Perthshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Stirling (UK Parliament constituency)">Stirling</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <dl><dt>SNP to Labour (6)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coatbridge,_Chryston_and_Bellshill" class="mw-redirect" title="Coatbridge, Chryston and Bellshill">Coatbridge, Chryston and Bellshill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Lothian_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Lothian (UK Parliament constituency)">East Lothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_North_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow North East">Glasgow North East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkcaldy_and_Cowdenbeath" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath">Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midlothian_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Midlothian (UK Parliament constituency)">Midlothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherglen_and_Hamilton_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutherglen and Hamilton West">Rutherglen and Hamilton West</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Labour to Conservative (6)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copeland_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Copeland (UK Parliament constituency)">Copeland</a><a href="#cite_note-copelandgain-445">[n 13]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbyshire_North_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Derbyshire North East">Derbyshire North East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Mansfield (UK Parliament constituency)">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesbrough_South_and_Cleveland_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Middlesbrough South and Cleveland East (UK Parliament constituency)">Middlesbrough South and Cleveland East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke-on-Trent_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoke-on-Trent South">Stoke-on-Trent South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walsall_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Walsall North">Walsall North</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Conservative to Liberal Democrat (5)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bath (UK Parliament constituency)">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastbourne_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Eastbourne (UK Parliament constituency)">Eastbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_and_Surbiton" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston and Surbiton">Kingston and Surbiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_West_and_Abingdon" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford West and Abingdon">Oxford West and Abingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twickenham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)">Twickenham</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>SNP to Liberal Democrat (3)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caithness,_Sutherland_and_Easter_Ross_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross (UK Parliament constituency)">Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Dunbartonshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)">East Dunbartonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)">Edinburgh West</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Liberal Democrat to Labour (2)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_North_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Leeds North West">Leeds North West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Hallam_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Sheffield Hallam (UK Parliament constituency)">Sheffield Hallam</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>SDLP to Sinn Féin (2)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foyle_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Foyle (UK Parliament constituency)">Foyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Down_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Down (UK Parliament constituency)">South Down</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other changes (6)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belfast_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast South (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast South</a> (SDLP to Democratic Unionist)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceredigion_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Ceredigion (UK Parliament constituency)">Ceredigion</a> (Liberal Democrat to Plaid Cymru)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clacton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)">Clacton</a> (UKIP to Conservative)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)">Fermanagh and South Tyrone</a> (Ulster Unionist to Sinn Féin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">South Antrim</a> (Ulster Unionist to Democratic Unionist)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southport_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Southport (UK Parliament constituency)">Southport</a> (Liberal Democrat to Conservative)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_formation">Government formation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Government formation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Second_May_ministry" title="Second May ministry">Second May ministry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93DUP_agreement" title="Conservative–DUP agreement">Conservative–DUP agreement</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg/220px-Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg/330px-Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg/440px-Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Theresa May declares her intention to remain in office following the election result outside 10 Downing Street, 9 June 2017</figcaption></figure> Corbyn and Farron called on May to resign.<a href="#cite_note-446">[433]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hughes-447">[434]</a> On 9 June, May apologised to candidates who lost their seats and confirmed she would continue as party leader and prime minister, with the intention of forming <a href="/wiki/Second_May_ministry" title="Second May ministry">a minority government</a> with <a href="/wiki/Con%E2%80%93DUP_pact" class="mw-redirect" title="Con–DUP pact">support</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a> to ensure "certainty".<a href="#cite_note-Hughes-447">[434]</a> By convention, when no party has a majority, the incumbent prime minister has the first opportunity to garner enough support to govern. May's joint chiefs of staff <a href="/wiki/Nick_Timothy" title="Nick Timothy">Nick Timothy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fiona_McLeod_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiona McLeod Hill">Fiona Hill</a> resigned, replaced by <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Barwell" title="Gavin Barwell">Gavin Barwell</a>, who had lost his seat in the election.<a href="#cite_note-448">[435]</a> On 10 June, a survey of 1,500 <a href="/wiki/ConservativeHome" title="ConservativeHome">ConservativeHome</a> readers found that almost two-thirds of Conservative Party members wanted <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> to resign.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph-449">[436]</a> A YouGov poll of 1,720 adults for <a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a> had 48% saying Theresa May should resign, with 38% against.<a href="#cite_note-home.bt.com-450">[437]</a> A Survation poll of 1,036 adults online for The Mail on Sunday showed 49% of people wanting her resignation, with 38% against.<a href="#cite_note-home.bt.com-450">[437]</a> On 11 June <a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a>, described May as a "dead woman walking".<a href="#cite_note-451">[438]</a> In a post-election reshuffle carried out on 11 June, May promoted her close ally <a href="/wiki/Damian_Green" title="Damian Green">Damian Green</a> to become <a href="/wiki/First_Secretary_of_State" title="First Secretary of State">First Secretary of State</a> and brought <a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a> into the cabinet as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Environment,_Food_and_Rural_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs">Environment Secretary</a>, making <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Leadsom" title="Andrea Leadsom">Andrea Leadsom</a> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a>. <a href="/wiki/Liz_Truss" title="Liz Truss">Liz Truss</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Lidington" title="David Lidington">David Lidington</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Gauke" title="David Gauke">David Gauke</a> changed roles, while eleven cabinet members including key figures such as <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amber_Rudd" title="Amber Rudd">Amber Rudd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Fallon" title="Michael Fallon">Michael Fallon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(British_politician)" title="David Davis (British politician)">David Davis</a> remained in post.<a href="#cite_note-452">[439]</a> Negotiations between the Conservatives and the DUP began on 9 June. On 12 June, it was reported that the <a href="/wiki/State_Opening_of_Parliament" title="State Opening of Parliament">State Opening of Parliament</a>, scheduled for 19 June, could be delayed.<a href="#cite_note-453">[440]</a> DUP sources informed the BBC that the <a href="/wiki/Grenfell_Tower_fire" title="Grenfell Tower fire">Grenfell Tower fire</a> on 14 June would delay finalisation of an agreement.<a href="#cite_note-454">[441]</a> On 15 June, it was announced that the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Speech">Queen's Speech</a> would occur on 21 June.<a href="#cite_note-455">[442]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Confidence_and_supply" title="Confidence and supply">confidence and supply</a> deal was reached on 26 June, with the DUP backing the Conservatives in key votes in the House of Commons over the course of the parliament. The agreement included additional funding of £1 billion for Northern Ireland, highlighted mutual support for Brexit and national security, expressed commitment to the <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a>, and indicated that policies such as the state pension triple lock and <a href="/wiki/Winter_Fuel_Payment" title="Winter Fuel Payment">Winter Fuel Payments</a> would be maintained.<a href="#cite_note-456">[443]</a> Various commentators suggested that this raised problems for the UK government's role as a neutral arbiter in Northern Ireland, as is required under the Good Friday Agreement.<a href="#cite_note-457">[444]</a><a href="#cite_note-458">[445]</a><a href="#cite_note-459">[446]</a> In April 2020, <a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a>'s Tom Rayner and <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>'s Jon Stone reported on an 860-page dossier into the handing of allegations of antisemitism by Labour members and officials.<a href="#cite_note-460">[447]</a> Stone stated that the right-wing of the party weaponised claims of antisemitism—amongst other things—in an active attempt to undermine Corbyn and prevent Labour from winning the 2017 election in the hope that a poor result would trigger a leadership contest to remove Corbyn as leader.<a href="#cite_note-461">[448]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_leadership_changes">Party leadership changes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Party leadership changes">edit</a>]</div> After achieving just 1.8% of the popular vote, down from 12.7% in 2015, and failing to win any seats, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Paul Nuttall</a> resigned as UKIP leader on 9 June.<a href="#cite_note-462">[449]</a> A <a href="/wiki/2017_UK_Independence_Party_leadership_election" title="2017 UK Independence Party leadership election">leadership election</a> followed. <a href="/wiki/Ian_Blackford" title="Ian Blackford">Ian Blackford</a> became the new SNP leader in Westminster on 14 June, following <a href="/wiki/Angus_Robertson" title="Angus Robertson">Angus Robertson</a>'s defeat.<a href="#cite_note-463">[450]</a> Also on 14 June, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Paddick" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian Paddick">Brian Paddick</a> resigned as home affairs spokesperson for the Liberal Democrats over concerns about Farron's "views on various issues" during the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-464">[451]</a> Later that day Farron announced his resignation as leader of the Liberal Democrats, citing conflict between his Christian faith and serving as leader.<a href="#cite_note-465">[452]</a> He remained as leader until Sir <a href="/wiki/Vince_Cable" title="Vince Cable">Vince Cable</a> was <a href="/wiki/2017_Liberal_Democrats_leadership_election" title="2017 Liberal Democrats leadership election">elected unopposed</a> on 20 July.<a href="#cite_note-466">[453]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign_post-mortems">Campaign post-mortems</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Campaign post-mortems">edit</a>]</div> Figures inside and outside the Conservative Party criticised its campaign widely. Points of criticism included the initial decision to call the election (which <a href="/wiki/Lynton_Crosby" title="Lynton Crosby">Lynton Crosby</a> had advised against); the control of the campaign by a small team of May's joint chiefs of staff <a href="/wiki/Nick_Timothy" title="Nick Timothy">Nick Timothy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fiona_McLeod_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiona McLeod Hill">Fiona Hill</a>, who were more experienced with policy work than campaigning; the presidential style of the campaign focusing on the figure of Theresa May, while most of the Cabinet were sidelined (particularly the exclusion of Chancellor of the Exchequer <a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a>, with reports that May would sack him after the election);<a href="#cite_note-467">[454]</a> and a poorly designed manifesto that offered little hope and the contents of which were not shared with Cabinet members until shortly before its release.<a href="#cite_note-468">[455]</a> In July, Prime Minister Theresa May admitted she had "shed a tear" upon seeing the election <a href="/wiki/Exit_poll" title="Exit poll">exit poll</a>, and suggested the manifesto's lack of appeal to younger voters had played a part in Conservative shortcomings.<a href="#cite_note-469">[456]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allegations_of_Russian_interference">Allegations of Russian interference</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Allegations of Russian interference">edit</a>]</div> In 2018, an investigation by <a href="/wiki/Swansea_University" title="Swansea University">Swansea University</a> and The Sunday Times revealed that 6,500 Russian Twitter accounts, at least many of which were <a href="/wiki/Twitterbot" class="mw-redirect" title="Twitterbot">bots</a>, supported Labour, denigrated Conservatives, and reached millions of voters. Their intention was to swing the elections for Labour.<a href="#cite_note-470">[457]</a> Labour's Shadow Chancellor <a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a> dismissed the claims as "ludicrous", "farcical" and a "classic Sunday Times smear campaign" and further said: "If there's an issue here about anything with Russian influence in our society, it's about <a href="/wiki/Russian_oligarchs" title="Russian oligarchs">Russian oligarchs</a> funding the Tory party – let's have an inquiry into that."<a href="#cite_note-471">[458]</a><a href="#cite_note-472">[459]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Election_turnout_figures">Election turnout figures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Election turnout figures">edit</a>]</div> A January 2018 report in <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> reported that researchers at Oxford University and the University of Manchester have found that election turnout in June 2017 was actually in the high 70s per cent and could have been as high as 80.3 per cent, partly because those with second homes and students are registered twice, and partly also because of entries there by mistake or because of voter fraud. By overestimating the number of registered voters, official sources underestimated the proportion of the electorate that voted. Turnout in the 2017 election is likely to have been roughly 78 per cent. A spokesman for the Election Commission said officials would "consider this report's findings on the calculation of election turnout figures". The commission "continues to work to improve the accuracy and completeness" of the electoral register, he added.<a href="#cite_note-473">[460]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Donations">Donations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Donations">edit</a>]</div> Electoral commission data<a href="#cite_note-474">[461]</a> shows that in 2017 Q2, total donations for each major political party, over £7,500, are as follows: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th style="vertical-align:top;">Donations (£) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#0087DC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a> </td> <td style="background:#def;">25,346,680 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E4003B; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,745,745 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FDF38E; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">971,342 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,058,175 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_England" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in England">2017 United Kingdom general election in England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Northern_Ireland" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland">2017 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Scotland" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Scotland">2017 United Kingdom general election in Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2017 United Kingdom general election in Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_breakdown_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_in_United_Kingdom_political_history" title="2010s in United Kingdom political history">2010s in political history</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-realmajority-1"><a href="#cite_ref-realmajority_1-0">^</a> Given that Sinn Féin MPs <a href="/wiki/Abstentionism#Sinn_Féin" title="Abstentionism">do not take their seats</a> and the Speaker and deputies do not vote, the number of MPs needed for a majority is, in practice, slightly lower. Sinn Féin won 7 seats, meaning a practical majority requires at least 320 MPs. </li> <li id="cite_note-sturgeonseat-3"><a href="#cite_ref-sturgeonseat_3-0">^</a> Nicola Sturgeon sits as an <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Scottish_Parliament" title="Member of the Scottish Parliament">MSP</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Southside" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow Southside">Glasgow Southside</a>. Before the election, the SNP delegation to the House of Commons was led by <a href="/wiki/Angus_Robertson" title="Angus Robertson">Angus Robertson</a>, MP for <a href="/wiki/Moray_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Moray (UK Parliament constituency)">Moray</a>, who lost his seat. <a href="/wiki/Ian_Blackford" title="Ian Blackford">Ian Blackford</a>, MP for <a href="/wiki/Ross,_Skye_and_Lochaber_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Ross, Skye and Lochaber (UK Parliament constituency)">Ross, Skye and Lochaber</a>, succeeded him. </li> <li id="cite_note-fosterseat-4"><a href="#cite_ref-fosterseat_4-0">^</a> Arlene Foster sat as an <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly">MLA</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a> for <a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (Assembly constituency)">Fermanagh and South Tyrone</a> prior to the collapse of the Assembly. The party's leader in the Commons was <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">Nigel Dodds</a>, the MP for <a href="/wiki/Belfast_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast North (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast North</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-adamsseat-5"><a href="#cite_ref-adamsseat_5-0">^</a> Gerry Adams sat as a <a href="/wiki/Teachta_D%C3%A1la" title="Teachta Dála">TD</a> in <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> (lower house of the <a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Irish Parliament</a>) for <a href="/wiki/Louth_(D%C3%A1il_constituency)" title="Louth (Dáil constituency)">Louth</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-SFseats-6"><a href="#cite_ref-SFseats_6-0">^</a> Sinn Féin MPs abstain from taking their seats in the <a href="/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="British House of Commons">British House of Commons</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Or, in the case of a British citizen who moved abroad before the age of 18, if his/her parent/guardian was on the <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom#Electoral_Register" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Electoral Register</a> in the UK in the last 15 years </li> <li id="cite_note-anonymouselector-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-anonymouselector_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-anonymouselector_23-1">b</a> The deadline for the receipt and determination of anonymous electoral registration applications is one working day before the publication date of the notice of alteration to the Electoral Register (that is, the sixth working day before polling day).<a href="#cite_note-22">[16]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-libdemhistory-60"><a href="#cite_ref-libdemhistory_60-0">^</a> I.e. the period following the 1988 merger of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK)" title="Social Democratic Party (UK)">Social Democratic Party</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-EF-GB-only-376">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EF-GB-only_376-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EF-GB-only_376-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EF-GB-only_376-2">c</a> GB forecast only </li> <li id="cite_note-EC-Speaker-377">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EC-Speaker_377-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EC-Speaker_377-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EC-Speaker_377-2">c</a> Electoral Calculus counts <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker</a> John Bercow in the Conservative total </li> <li id="cite_note-carswell-443"><a href="#cite_ref-carswell_443-0">^</a> Carswell was elected as a <a href="/wiki/UKIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UKIP">UKIP</a> MP in <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a> after defecting from the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a> in 2014. He left UKIP in 2017 to sit as an independent, and chose not to stand again. </li> <li id="cite_note-thomson-444"><a href="#cite_ref-thomson_444-0">^</a> Thomson was elected as an <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> MP in <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a>, but resigned from the party whip and gave up her SNP membership later that year, following the announcement of a police inquiry into allegations made against her. </li> <li id="cite_note-copelandgain-445"><a href="#cite_ref-copelandgain_445-0">^</a> The seat had already been gained at a <a href="/wiki/2017_Copeland_by-election" title="2017 Copeland by-election">by-election</a> in February. Gains at a general election are normally contrasted to the previous general election, ignoring by-elections in between. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7979#fullreport">"General Election 2017: full results and analysis"</a>. UK Parliament (second ed.). 29 January 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191116202815/https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7979#fullreport">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2019. 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The Telegraph. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180308045817/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/18/breaking-theresa-may-make-statement-downing-street-1115am1/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2018. 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The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170418104918/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/18/the-many-times-theresa-may-ruled-out-an-early-election">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2017. 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Retrieved 22 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+party+to+hold+emergency+selections+for+constituencies&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Rowena&rft.au=Elgot%2C+Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fapr%2F19%2Flabour-emergency-selections-constituencies-national-executive-committee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaugh2017" class="citation news cs1">Waugh, Paul (3 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labours-full-list-of-candidates-for-the-2017-general-election-published_uk_5909e0f9e4b0bb2d0873d86e">"Record Number of Women Labour Election Candidates"</a>. 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BBC News. 22 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711155756/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-39678794">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2024. 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Retrieved 27 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Brighton+Lib+Dems+and+Greens+in+party+alliance&rft.date=2017-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-sussex-39729791&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2017" class="citation web cs1">Walker, Peter (21 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/21/ukip-may-not-contest-seats-held-by-pro-brexit-tories">"Ukip may not contest seats held by pro-Brexit Tories"</a>. 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Retrieved 15 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ukip+may+not+contest+seats+held+by+pro-Brexit+Tories&rft.date=2017-04-21&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fapr%2F21%2Fukip-may-not-contest-seats-held-by-pro-brexit-tories&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2017-ukip-hand-tory-landslide-not-fielding-candidates-key-marginal-seats-labour-a7734521.html">"Ukip could 'hand Tories a landslide' by not fielding candidates in key seats"</a>. 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Retrieved 15 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Ukip+could+%27hand+Tories+a+landslide%27+by+not+fielding+candidates+in+key+seats&rft.date=2017-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fgeneral-election-2017-ukip-hand-tory-landslide-not-fielding-candidates-key-marginal-seats-labour-a7734521.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_110-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39837972">"General election 2017: SDLP rejects Sinn Féin call"</a>. 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Retrieved 4 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=What+do+the+election+manifestos+pledge+for+social+care%3F&rft.date=2017-05-24&rft.aulast=Henwood&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsocial-care-network%2F2017%2Fmay%2F24%2Felection-manifestos-social-care&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKentish2017" class="citation news cs1">Kentish, Ben (28 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/george-osborne-conserative-social-care-policy-badly-thought-through-conservative-manifesto-2017-a7760931.html">"George Osborne attacks 'badly thought through' Tory social care policy"</a>. 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Retrieved 7 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=George+Osborne+attacks+%27badly+thought+through%27+Tory+social+care+policy&rft.date=2017-05-28&rft.aulast=Kentish&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fgeorge-osborne-conserative-social-care-policy-badly-thought-through-conservative-manifesto-2017-a7760931.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughes2017" class="citation news cs1">Hughes, Laura (22 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/22/theresa-may-expected-announce-dementia-tax-u-turn/">"Theresa May announces 'dementia tax' U-turn"</a>. 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The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/theresa-may-attacks-progressive-alliance-lib-dems-labour-greens-snp-wont-happen-a7691406.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. 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The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180325050356/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/30/theresa-may-refuses-say-taxes-will-fall-conservatives-win-election/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Theresa+May+rules+out+increase+to+VAT+before+2022+but+not+hikes+to+income+tax+and+National+Insurance+prompting+fears+of+tax+raid+on+higher+earners&rft.date=2017-04-30&rft.aulast=Hope&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F04%2F30%2Ftheresa-may-refuses-say-taxes-will-fall-conservatives-win-election%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoates2017" class="citation news cs1">Coates, Sam (22 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/may-takes-on-the-right-with-commitment-to-foreign-aid-90bsr5gmk">"May takes on the right with commitment to foreign aid"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200925101217/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/may-takes-on-the-right-with-commitment-to-foreign-aid-90bsr5gmk">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=May+takes+on+the+right+with+commitment+to+foreign+aid&rft.date=2017-04-22&rft.aulast=Coates&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fmay-takes-on-the-right-with-commitment-to-foreign-aid-90bsr5gmk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKroet2017" class="citation news cs1">Kroet, Cynthia (24 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.eu/article/theresa-may-hires-former-obama-campaign-chief/">"Theresa May hires former Obama campaign chief"</a>. POLITICO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112035738/https://www.politico.eu/article/theresa-may-hires-former-obama-campaign-chief/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Theresa+May+hires+former+Obama+campaign+chief&rft.date=2017-04-24&rft.aulast=Kroet&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Ftheresa-may-hires-former-obama-campaign-chief%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuttonMoralesRoss2017" class="citation news cs1">Hutton, Robert; Morales, Alex; Ross, Tim (18 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2017-04-18/theresa-may-seeks-snap-u-k-elections-on-june-8">"May Chases an Early U.K. Election in Gamble for Brexit Unity"</a>. 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Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=May+Chases+an+Early+U.K.+Election+in+Gamble+for+Brexit+Unity&rft.date=2017-04-18&rft.aulast=Hutton&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Morales%2C+Alex&rft.au=Ross%2C+Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fpolitics%2Farticles%2F2017-04-18%2Ftheresa-may-seeks-snap-u-k-elections-on-june-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2017" class="citation news cs1">Booth, Robert (15 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/15/tory-facebook-ads-attack-corbyn-while-labour-avoids-mentioning-him">"Conservatives launch online offensive against Corbyn"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112005935/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/15/tory-facebook-ads-attack-corbyn-while-labour-avoids-mentioning-him">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Conservatives+launch+online+offensive+against+Corbyn&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fmay%2F15%2Ftory-facebook-ads-attack-corbyn-while-labour-avoids-mentioning-him&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39730467">"'Strong and stable' – Why politicians keep repeating themselves"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170427233935/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39730467">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%27Strong+and+stable%27+%E2%80%93+Why+politicians+keep+repeating+themselves&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39730467&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/cornwall-live-reporter-locked-in-room-banned-filming-theresa-may-factory-tour-general-election-a7713311.html">"Reporters 'locked in room and banned from filming' on Theresa May factory visit"</a>. Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/cornwall-live-reporter-locked-in-room-banned-filming-theresa-may-factory-tour-general-election-a7713311.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. 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IB Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001064114/https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tories-accused-contempt-media-after-cornish-journalists-get-restricted-access-subbed-1619677">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IB+Times&rft.atitle=Tories+accused+of+contempt+for+media+after+Cornish+journalists+get+%27restricted%27+access&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibtimes.co.uk%2Ftories-accused-contempt-media-after-cornish-journalists-get-restricted-access-subbed-1619677&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/02/local-journalists-respond-furiously-theresa-may-shuts-cornwall/">"Local journalists furious after Theresa May shuts them out of Cornwall factory visit"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503210938/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/02/local-journalists-respond-furiously-theresa-may-shuts-cornwall/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2017. 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The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-general-election-expenses-scandal-distract-schedule-mps-tory-party-paul-nuttall-david-a7690106.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. 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The Independent. 18 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tory-election-fraud-prosecutions-cps-election-campaign-result-overturn-battle-bus-a7689801.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 19 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Tory+MPs+face+being+prosecuted+for+electoral+fraud+while+they+are+fighting+the+upcoming+general+election+campaign&rft.date=2017-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Ftory-election-fraud-prosecutions-cps-election-campaign-result-overturn-battle-bus-a7689801.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39865801">"No charges over 2015 Conservative battle bus cases"</a>. BBC News. 10 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180628031934/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39865801">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=No+charges+over+2015+Conservative+battle+bus+cases&rft.date=2017-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39865801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39832997">"General election 2017: Conservatives pledge to end mental health 'injustice'"</a>. BBC News. 7 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170507000814/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39832997">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Conservatives+pledge+to+end+mental+health+%27injustice%27&rft.date=2017-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39832997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39840503">"Immigration: Tories to keep 'tens of thousands' target"</a>. BBC News. 8 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170508000831/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39840503">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Immigration%3A+Tories+to+keep+%27tens+of+thousands%27+target&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39840503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39852119">"General election 2017: PM vows to end 'rip-off' energy bills"</a>. BBC News. 8 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711160738/https://www.bbc.com/news/election-2017-39852119">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2024. Retrieved 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+PM+vows+to+end+%27rip-off%27+energy+bills&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39852119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewartElgot2017" class="citation news cs1">Stewart, Heather; Elgot, Jessica (23 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/money/2017/apr/23/tory-energy-bill-cap-will-save-families-100-damian-green-says">"Tories accused of stealing Labour's energy price cap promise"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111195950/https://www.theguardian.com/money/2017/apr/23/tory-energy-bill-cap-will-save-families-100-damian-green-says">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2020. 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Retrieved 3 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+will+put+10%2C000+extra+police+on+streets%2C+vows+Jeremy+Corbyn&rft.date=2017-05-02&rft.aulast=Syal&rft.aufirst=Rajeev&rft.au=Topping%2C+Alexandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2017%2Fmay%2F01%2Flabour-will-put-10000-extra-police-streets-vows-jeremy-corbyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itv.com/news/2017-05-02/diane-abbott-suggests-10-000-new-police-officers-pledged-by-labour-to-earn-30-per-year-in-interview-gaffe/">"Corbyn defends Diane Abbott after she stumbles over maths in interview gaffe"</a>. 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BBC News. 7 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711161255/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-39829723">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2024. Retrieved 7 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Labour+rules+out+tax+rises+for+95%25+of+earners&rft.date=2017-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39829723&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39838028">"General election 2017: Labour proposes junk food ad ban"</a>. BBC News. 8 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230408230608/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39838028">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Labour+proposes+junk+food+ad+ban&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39838028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/39847239">"General election: Labour 'would axe NHS parking charges'"</a>. BBC News. 8 May 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election%3A+Labour+%27would+axe+NHS+parking+charges%27&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2F39847239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-212">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_212-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_212-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39865800">"General election 2017: Labour and Lib Dems pledge school cash"</a>. BBC News. 10 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170510001015/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39865800">Archived</a> from the original on 10 May 2017. 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BBC News. 14 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170514003412/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39910293">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2017. Retrieved 14 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+%27Robin+Hood+tax%27+on+City+pledged+by+Labour&rft.date=2017-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39910293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39916367">"General election 2017: Labour pledges £37bn for the NHS by 2022"</a>. 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The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112031613/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/16/labour-proposes-45p-income-tax-above-80000">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+proposes+45p+income+tax+above+%C2%A380%2C000&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Rowena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fmay%2F16%2Flabour-proposes-45p-income-tax-above-80000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39930865">"Labour manifesto: Income tax to increase for earners over £80,000"</a>. BBC News. 16 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516000905/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39930865">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Labour+manifesto%3A+Income+tax+to+increase+for+earners+over+%C2%A380%2C000&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39930865&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39937090">"Labour manifesto 2017: What has changed from the draft document?"</a>. BBC News. 16 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516174516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39937090">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Labour+manifesto+2017%3A+What+has+changed+from+the+draft+document%3F&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39937090&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2017" class="citation news cs1">Bennett, Owen (16 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labour-manifesto-benefits-freeze_uk_591b2d92e4b05dd15f0bc9cc">"Labour Changes Its Benefits Freeze Policy Four Times in Five Hours After Manifesto Launch"</a>. HuffPost. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181011022846/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labour-manifesto-benefits-freeze_uk_591b2d92e4b05dd15f0bc9cc">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2018. Retrieved 19 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Labour+Changes+Its+Benefits+Freeze+Policy+Four+Times+in+Five+Hours+After+Manifesto+Launch&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2Fentry%2Flabour-manifesto-benefits-freeze_uk_591b2d92e4b05dd15f0bc9cc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerrick2017" class="citation news cs1">Merrick, Rob (16 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-20107-latest-labour-manifesto-benefits-freeze-cap-jeremy-corbyn-a7739471.html">"Labour finally admit they would not end four-year freeze on benefits"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-20107-latest-labour-manifesto-benefits-freeze-cap-jeremy-corbyn-a7739471.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Labour+finally+admit+they+would+not+end+four-year+freeze+on+benefits&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft.aulast=Merrick&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fgeneral-election-20107-latest-labour-manifesto-benefits-freeze-cap-jeremy-corbyn-a7739471.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39944331">"General election 2017: Len McCluskey 'now optimistic Labour can win'"</a>. BBC News. 17 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517002012/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39944331">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Len+McCluskey+%27now+optimistic+Labour+can+win%27&rft.date=2017-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39944331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasonAsthana2017" class="citation news cs1">Mason, Rowena; Asthana, Anushka (16 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/16/labour-proposes-45p-income-tax-above-80000">"Union leader's comments overshadow £50bn Labour manifesto pledge"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112031613/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/16/labour-proposes-45p-income-tax-above-80000">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Union+leader%27s+comments+overshadow+%C2%A350bn+Labour+manifesto+pledge&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Rowena&rft.au=Asthana%2C+Anushka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fmay%2F16%2Flabour-proposes-45p-income-tax-above-80000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-39991246">"SNP offers 'strong voice' in Brexit negotiations"</a>. BBC News. 21 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170602103626/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-39991246">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=SNP+offers+%27strong+voice%27+in+Brexit+negotiations&rft.date=2017-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-scotland-politics-39991246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-40086276">"Election 2017: SNP manifesto calls for referendum 'at end of Brexit process'"</a>. BBC News. 30 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711161839/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-40086276">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Election+2017%3A+SNP+manifesto+calls+for+referendum+%27at+end+of+Brexit+process%27&rft.date=2017-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-scotland-politics-40086276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40131538">"SNP open to backing Labour government 'issue-by-issue'"</a>. BBC News. 2 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170604000955/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40131538">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=SNP+open+to+backing+Labour+government+%27issue-by-issue%27&rft.date=2017-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-40131538&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTim_Farron2017" class="citation web cs1">Tim Farron (22 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/22/tim-farron-lib-dems-general-election-labour-corbyn-conservatives-may">"Tim Farron: 'If you want to prevent hard Brexit then the Lib Dems have a clear message'"</a>. The Observer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170422232751/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/22/tim-farron-lib-dems-general-election-labour-corbyn-conservatives-may">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=Tim+Farron%3A+%27If+you+want+to+prevent+hard+Brexit+then+the+Lib+Dems+have+a+clear+message%27&rft.date=2017-04-22&rft.au=Tim+Farron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fapr%2F22%2Ftim-farron-lib-dems-general-election-labour-corbyn-conservatives-may&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/22/revealed-hit-list-pro-eu-tory-mps-lib-dems-targeting-brexit/">"Revealed: The 'hit list' of Pro-EU Tory MPs the Lib Dems are targeting in Brexit election purge"</a>. The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426090732/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/22/revealed-hit-list-pro-eu-tory-mps-lib-dems-targeting-brexit/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 April 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Revealed%3A+The+%27hit+list%27+of+Pro-EU+Tory+MPs+the+Lib+Dems+are+targeting+in+Brexit+election+purge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F04%2F22%2Frevealed-hit-list-pro-eu-tory-mps-lib-dems-targeting-brexit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElgot2017" class="citation news cs1">Elgot, Jessica (24 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/24/lib-dems-kate-hoey-labour-brexit-vauxhall">"Lib Dems target Brexit-backing Labour MP Kate Hoey in Vauxhall"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170428092640/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/24/lib-dems-kate-hoey-labour-brexit-vauxhall">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Lib+Dems+target+Brexit-backing+Labour+MP+Kate+Hoey+in+Vauxhall&rft.date=2017-04-24&rft.aulast=Elgot&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fapr%2F24%2Flib-dems-kate-hoey-labour-brexit-vauxhall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoates2017" class="citation news cs1">Coates, Sam (20 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/news/disillusioned-corbyn-ally-defects-to-the-lib-dems-bpkjcrl5b">"Disillusioned Corbyn ally defects to the Lib Dems"</a>. The Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112035851/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/news/disillusioned-corbyn-ally-defects-to-the-lib-dems-bpkjcrl5b">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Disillusioned+Corbyn+ally+defects+to+the+Lib+Dems&rft.date=2017-04-20&rft.aulast=Coates&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Fedition%2Fnews%2Fdisillusioned-corbyn-ally-defects-to-the-lib-dems-bpkjcrl5b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988">(subscription required) </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39694417">"Lib Dem membership tops 100,000 after snap election call"</a>. BBC News. 24 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170424161102/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39694417">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2017. Retrieved 24 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Lib+Dem+membership+tops+100%2C000+after+snap+election+call&rft.date=2017-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39694417&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39665212">"General election 2017: Lib Dem raise £500,000 in 48 hours"</a>. BBC News. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 24 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Lib+Dem+raise+%C2%A3500%2C000+in+48+hours&rft.date=2017-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39665212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gay_sex_sin-239"><a href="#cite_ref-Gay_sex_sin_239-0">^</a> Initial refusal: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tim-farron-lib-dem-election-brexit-gay-lgbt-sinners-liberal-democrats-fish-frogs-tweet-a7690771.html">"The Lib Dems' big election fightback has been hit by one huge problem"</a>. The Independent. 19 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tim-farron-lib-dem-election-brexit-gay-lgbt-sinners-liberal-democrats-fish-frogs-tweet-a7690771.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=The+Lib+Dems%27+big+election+fightback+has+been+hit+by+one+huge+problem&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Ftim-farron-lib-dem-election-brexit-gay-lgbt-sinners-liberal-democrats-fish-frogs-tweet-a7690771.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/19/absolute-disgrace-tim-farron-fire-refusing-answer-asked-gay/">"'Absolute disgrace': Tim Farron under fire for refusing to answer when asked if being gay is a sin"</a>. The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170422163331/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/19/absolute-disgrace-tim-farron-fire-refusing-answer-asked-gay/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=%27Absolute+disgrace%27%3A+Tim+Farron+under+fire+for+refusing+to+answer+when+asked+if+being+gay+is+a+sin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F04%2F19%2Fabsolute-disgrace-tim-farron-fire-refusing-answer-asked-gay%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></li></ul> Subsequent explanation: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tim-farron-gay-people-sin-denial-lib-dems-election-campaign-a7692091.html">"I do not think being gay is a sin, Tim Farron says"</a>. The Independent. 19 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tim-farron-gay-people-sin-denial-lib-dems-election-campaign-a7692091.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=I+do+not+think+being+gay+is+a+sin%2C+Tim+Farron+says&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Ftim-farron-gay-people-sin-denial-lib-dems-election-campaign-a7692091.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39703444">"Tim Farron: I don't think gay sex is a sin"</a>. BBC News. 25 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170425161303/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39703444">Archived</a> from the original on 25 April 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Tim+Farron%3A+I+don%27t+think+gay+sex+is+a+sin&rft.date=2017-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39703444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC65-240"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC65_240-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallagher2017" class="citation news cs1">Gallagher, James (6 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39822306">"Lib Dems pledge 1p income tax rise to fund NHS"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170911184140/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39822306">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Lib+Dems+pledge+1p+income+tax+rise+to+fund+NHS&rft.date=2017-05-06&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39822306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39831522">"General election 2017: Lib Dems pledge winter fuel cuts to protect pensions"</a>. BBC News. 6 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711161318/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39831522">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2024. 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Retrieved 11 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Lib+Dems%27+50%2C000+Syrian+refugees+pledge&rft.date=2017-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39882964&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39897999">"Lib Dems to back a 'regulated cannabis market' in UK"</a>. BBC News. 12 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170512232348/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39897999">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2017. 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The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112031309/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/may/15/lib-dems-promise-to-scrap-mass-snooping-powers-if-elected">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. 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BBC News. 16 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516003909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39928761">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Lib+Dems+promise+%C2%A3100-a-week+for+entrepreneurs%27+living+costs&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39928761&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39942573">"Brexit: Lib Dem manifesto pledges new EU referendum"</a>. BBC News. 17 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517010917/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39942573">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Brexit%3A+Lib+Dem+manifesto+pledges+new+EU+referendum&rft.date=2017-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2017-39942573&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-39682939">"General election 2017: UKIP manifesto to pledge a burka ban"</a>. BBC News. 23 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170423034818/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-39682939">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2017. 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BBC News. 6 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170506234351/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39829717">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Voters+will+return+to+UKIP%2C+says+Nuttall&rft.date=2017-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-39829717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/39842753">"General election: UKIP want 'one in, one out' migration"</a>. BBC News. 8 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170508200231/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/39842753">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2017. 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Retrieved 19 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=BBC+and+ITV+on+collision+course+with+Theresa+May+as+both+say+that+they+want+to+hold+televised+debates+before+June+8+general+election&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F04%2F19%2Fbbc-itv-collision-course-theresa-may-say-will-hold-televised%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparrow_(Now)PhippsCarrellMcDonald2017" class="citation news cs1">Sparrow (Now), Andrew; Phipps, Claire; Carrell, Severin; McDonald, Henry; Stewart, Heather (26 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/live/2017/apr/26/general-election-2017-may-corbyn-final-pmqs-politics-live">"General election 2017: Corbyn will not take part in TV election debates without May, Labour says – Politics live"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101065159/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/live/2017/apr/26/general-election-2017-may-corbyn-final-pmqs-politics-live">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=General+election+2017%3A+Corbyn+will+not+take+part+in+TV+election+debates+without+May%2C+Labour+says+%E2%80%93+Politics+live&rft.date=2017-04-26&rft.aulast=Sparrow+%28Now%29&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Phipps%2C+Claire&rft.au=Carrell%2C+Severin&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Henry&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Heather&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2Flive%2F2017%2Fapr%2F26%2Fgeneral-election-2017-may-corbyn-final-pmqs-politics-live&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2017-05-18/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-upcoming-general-election-tv-debates-and-interviews">"Everything you need to know about the upcoming general election TV debates and interviews"</a>. 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Retrieved 16 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Times&rft.atitle=BBC+announces+new+dates+for+Andrew+Neil+Interviews+postponed+by+Manchester+terror+attack&rft.date=2017-05-26&rft.aulast=Bley+Griffiths&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiotimes.com%2Fnews%2F2017-05-26%2Fbbc-announces-new-dates-for-andrew-neil-interviews-postponed-by-manchester-terror-attack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itv.com/presscentre/press-releases/general-election-itv">"Press Releases"</a>. 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BBC News. 31 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170531113547/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40105324">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2017. 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Retrieved 29 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=Theresa+May+admits+regret+over+skipping+2017+election+TV+debates+as+she+swipes+at+Brexiteers&rft.date=2019-07-12&rft.aulast=Heffer&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Ftheresa-may-admits-she-should-have-taken-part-in-tv-debates-at-2017-general-election-11761373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08t3k3r">Election Questions – Ukip and the Green Party</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022184317/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08t3k3r">Archived</a> 22 October 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC. 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Retrieved 19 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Election+2017%3A+Scottish+leaders+debate+on+STV+confirmed&rft.date=2017-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Felection-2017-scottish-leaders-debate-on-stv-confirmed-1-4431459&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:STV:-269">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:STV:_269-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:STV:_269-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stv.tv/news/politics/1389917-stv-invites-leaders-to-rescheduled-election-debate/">"STV invites leaders to rescheduled election debate"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=London+Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=General+Election+2017+TV+debates%3A+Times%2C+dates+and+everything+else+you+need+to+know&rft.date=2017-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fgeneral-election-2017-tv-debates-times-dates-and-everything-else-you-need-to-know-a3537436.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sky.com/story/sky-news-to-host-theresa-may-and-jeremy-corbyn-in-live-tv-special-10879096">"Sky News to host Theresa May and Jeremy Corbyn in live TV special"</a>. Sky News. 15 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112021506/https://news.sky.com/story/sky-news-to-host-theresa-may-and-jeremy-corbyn-in-live-tv-special-10879096">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sky+News+to+host+Theresa+May+and+Jeremy+Corbyn+in+live+TV+special&rft.pub=Sky+News&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fsky-news-to-host-theresa-may-and-jeremy-corbyn-in-live-tv-special-10879096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2017/eng-general-election">"BBC – Election 2017 – Where You Live – Media Centre"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711161758/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2017/eng-general-election">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2024. 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The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-russian-twitter-bots-election-sunday-times-labour-conservatives-hancock-a8328031.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. 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Retrieved 27 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=General+election+turnout+%27far+higher+than+thought%27&rft.date=2018-01-11&rft.aulast=Hogarth&rft.aufirst=Raphael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fgeneral-election-turnout-far-higher-than-thought-jf3vtmwng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-474"><a href="#cite_ref-474">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/who-we-are-and-what-we-do/financial-reporting/donations-and-loans/view-donations-and-loans/donations-accepted">"Donations accepted"</a>. www.electoralcommission.org.uk. 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190911021150/http://www.yourvotematters.co.uk/">Archived</a> 11 September 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_manifestos">Party manifestos</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Party manifestos">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/conservative-party-manifestos/Forward+Together+-+Our+Plan+for+a+Stronger+Britain+and+a+More+Prosperous....pdf">Forward, Together: Our Plan for a Stronger Britain and a More Prosperous Future, Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170609002149/http://www.labour.org.uk/page/-/Images/manifesto-2017/Labour%20Manifesto%202017.pdf">For the Many, Not the Few, Labour Party</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" 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Direction, Alliance Party</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://greens.scot/sites/default/files/Campaigns/General%20Election%202017/Greens%20GE%20Manifesto%202017%20for%20web.pdf">Our Future is Green, Scottish Greens</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/green/gp_2017-05-25_ge-man.pdf">Green Party Manifesto, Green Party in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191024060035/https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/yorkshirefirst/pages/363/attachments/original/1495663618/YP-M-05-2017-General_Election-Manifesto.pdf?1495663618">Speaking Up for Yorkshire, Yorkshire Party</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News_sites">News sites</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: News sites">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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general election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Template talk:2017 United Kingdom general election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2017 United Kingdom general election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2017 United Kingdom general election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">← 2015 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_Parliament_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_debates" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 United Kingdom general election debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Endorsements</a></li> <li>MPs <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">elected</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_MPs_by_seniority_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="List of United Kingdom MPs by seniority (2017–2019)">seniority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_who_lost_their_seat_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs who lost their seat in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">lost their seat</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Members_of_Parliament_not_standing_for_re-election">stood down</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Candidates in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_breakdown_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Results breakdown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election">by constituency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_target_seats_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="List of target seats in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Target seats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election"> 2019 election →</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #ddddff;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incumbent <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">prime minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a>)</li> <li>Appointed prime minister: <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties elected to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> (<a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tim_Farron" title="Tim Farron">Tim Farron</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Leanne Wood</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party of England and Wales</a> (<a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Caroline Lucas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Jonathan Bartley</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties only represented in <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senedd" title="Senedd">Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Assembly" title="London Assembly">London</a>, or the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paul_Nuttall" title="Paul Nuttall">Paul Nuttall</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Greens" title="Scottish Greens">Scottish Greens</a> (<a href="/wiki/Patrick_Harvie" title="Patrick Harvie">Patrick Harvie</a>/<a href="/wiki/Maggie_Chapman" title="Maggie Chapman">Maggie Chapman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Colum_Eastwood" title="Colum Eastwood">Colum Eastwood</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Robin_Swann" title="Robin Swann">Robin Swann</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party of Northern Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Naomi_Long" title="Naomi Long">Naomi Long</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jim_Allister" title="Jim Allister">Jim Allister</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Before_Profit_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="People Before Profit Alliance">People Before Profit Alliance</a> (<a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Candidates in the 2017 United Kingdom general election">Full list of parties standing candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Ettrick,_Roxburgh_and_Berwickshire_by-election" title="2017 Ettrick, Roxburgh and Berwickshire by-election">Ettrick, Roxburgh and Berwickshire Scottish Parliament by-election (held on same day)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Results by area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_England" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in England">England</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_England_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="List of MPs for constituencies in England (2017–2019)">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Northern_Ireland" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Northern_Ireland_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="List of MPs for constituencies in Northern Ireland (2017–2019)">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Scotland" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Scotland">Scotland</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Scotland_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="List of MPs for constituencies in Scotland (2017–2019)">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Wales">Wales</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Wales_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="List of MPs for constituencies in Wales (2017–2019)">list</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">2016 EU membership referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">2017 United Kingdom local elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Elections_and_referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Kingdom_elections" title="Template:United Kingdom elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Kingdom_elections" title="Template talk:United Kingdom elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Kingdom_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Kingdom elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Elections_and_referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Elections</a> and <a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Referendums in the United Kingdom">referendums</a> in the United Kingdom</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_general_elections" title="List of United Kingdom general elections">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1802_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1802 United Kingdom general election">1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1806_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1806 United Kingdom general election">1806</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1807_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1807 United Kingdom general election">1807</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1812 United Kingdom general election">1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1818_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1818 United Kingdom general election">1818</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1820 United Kingdom general election">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1826_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1826 United Kingdom general election">1826</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1830_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1830 United Kingdom general election">1830</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1831_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1831 United Kingdom general election">1831</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1832 United Kingdom general election">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1835_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1835 United Kingdom general election">1835</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1837 United Kingdom general election">1837</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1841_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1841 United Kingdom general election">1841</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1847_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1847 United Kingdom general election">1847</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1852 United Kingdom general election">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1857_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1857 United Kingdom general election">1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1859_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1859 United Kingdom general election">1859</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1865 United Kingdom general election">1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1868 United Kingdom general election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1874 United Kingdom general election">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1880 United Kingdom general election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1885_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1885 United Kingdom general election">1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1886 United Kingdom general election">1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1892 United Kingdom general election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1895_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1895 United Kingdom general election">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1900 United Kingdom general election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1906 United Kingdom general election">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_1910_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="January 1910 United Kingdom general election">1910 (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1910_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="December 1910 United Kingdom general election">1910 (Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1918 United Kingdom general election">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1922 United Kingdom general election">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1923 United Kingdom general election">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1924 United Kingdom general election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1929 United Kingdom general election">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1931 United Kingdom general election">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1935 United Kingdom general election">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1950 United Kingdom general election">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1951 United Kingdom general election">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1955 United Kingdom general election">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1959 United Kingdom general election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974 (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974 (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Next United Kingdom general election">Next</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Local government in the United Kingdom">Local elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1889_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1889 United Kingdom local elections">1889</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1890_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1890 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1892 United Kingdom local elections">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1894 United Kingdom local elections">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1895_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1895 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1896 United Kingdom local elections">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1897_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1897 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1898_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1898 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1899_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1899 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1899</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1900_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1900 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1901_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1901 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1902_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1902 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1903_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1903 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1904_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1904 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1905_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1905 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1906_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1906 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1907_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1907 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1908_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1908 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1909 United Kingdom local elections">1909</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1910_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1910 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1911_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1911 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1912_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1912 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1913_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1913 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1914_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1914 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1915_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1915 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1919_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1919 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1920_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1920 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1921_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1921 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1922_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1922 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1923_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1923 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1924_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1924 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1925_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1925 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1926_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1926 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1927_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1927 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1928 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1929_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1929 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1930_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1930 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1931_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1931 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1932_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1932 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1933_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1933 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1934 United Kingdom local elections">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1935_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1935 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1936_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1936 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1937_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1937 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1938_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1938 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1945_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1945 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1946_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1946 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1947_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1947 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1948_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1948 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1949 United Kingdom local elections">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1951_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1951 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1952_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1952 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1953_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1953 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1954_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1954 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1955 United Kingdom local elections">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1956 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1957_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1957 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1959_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1959 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1960_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1960 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1962_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1962 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1963_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1964 United Kingdom local elections">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1965 United Kingdom local elections">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1966_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1966 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1967_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1967 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1968_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1968 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1969 United Kingdom local elections">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1970 United Kingdom local elections">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1971 United Kingdom local elections">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1972 United Kingdom local elections">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1973 United Kingdom local elections">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1974 United Kingdom local elections">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1975 United Kingdom local elections">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1976 United Kingdom local elections">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1977 United Kingdom local elections">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1978 United Kingdom local elections">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1979 United Kingdom local elections">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1980 United Kingdom local elections">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1981 United Kingdom local elections">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1982 United Kingdom local elections">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1983 United Kingdom local elections">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1984 United Kingdom local elections">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1985 United Kingdom local elections">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1986 United Kingdom local elections">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1987 United Kingdom local elections">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1988 United Kingdom local elections">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1989 United Kingdom local elections">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1990 United Kingdom local elections">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1991 United Kingdom local elections">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1992 United Kingdom local elections">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1993 United Kingdom local elections">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1994 United Kingdom local elections">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1995 United Kingdom local elections">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1996 United Kingdom local elections">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1997 United Kingdom local elections">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1998 United Kingdom local elections">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1999 United Kingdom local elections">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2000 United Kingdom local elections">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2001 United Kingdom local elections">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2002 United Kingdom local elections">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2003 United Kingdom local elections">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2004 United Kingdom local elections">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2005 United Kingdom local elections">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2006 United Kingdom local elections">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2007 United Kingdom local elections">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2008 United Kingdom local elections">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2009 United Kingdom local elections">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2010 United Kingdom local elections">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2011 United Kingdom local elections">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2012 United Kingdom local elections">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2013 United Kingdom local elections">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2014 United Kingdom local elections">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2015 United Kingdom local elections">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2016 United Kingdom local elections">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2018 United Kingdom local elections">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2019 United Kingdom local elections">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2021 United Kingdom local elections">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2022 United Kingdom local elections">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2023 United Kingdom local elections">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2024 United Kingdom local elections">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2025 United Kingdom local elections">2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">European elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1979 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1984 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1989 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1994 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1999 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2004 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Referendums in the United Kingdom">Referendums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1975_United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum" title="1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" title="2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="hlist"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd>Elections in <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_England" title="Elections in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Elections in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Scotland" title="Elections in Scotland">Scotland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">Wales</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Elections in the Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2016_United_Kingdom_EU_membership_referendum_&amp;_Brexit" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Brexit_topics" title="Template:Brexit topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Brexit_topics" title="Template talk:Brexit topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Brexit_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Brexit topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2016_United_Kingdom_EU_membership_referendum_&amp;_Brexit" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">2016 United Kingdom EU membership referendum</a> & <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_United_Kingdom_renegotiation_of_European_Union_membership" title="2015–2016 United Kingdom renegotiation of European Union membership">Renegotiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">Referendum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="Results of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">results</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations" title="Brexit negotiations">Brexit negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement">Brexit withdrawal agreement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ireland protocol">NI protocol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_negotiation_between_the_UK_and_the_EU" title="Trade negotiation between the UK and the EU">Trade negotiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU%E2%80%93UK_Trade_and_Cooperation_Agreement" title="EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement">Trade and Cooperation Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Framework" title="Windsor Framework">Windsor Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Brexit" title="Timeline of Brexit">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendum question</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">"<a href="/wiki/European_Union_Referendum_Act_2015#Referendum_question" title="European Union Referendum Act 2015">Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?</a>"</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendum legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Referendum_Act_2015" title="European Union Referendum Act 2015">European Union Referendum Act 2015</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Referendum)_Act_2016_(Gibraltar)" title="European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 (Gibraltar)">Gibraltar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Referendum_(Date_of_Referendum_etc.)_Regulations_2016" title="European Union Referendum (Date of Referendum etc.) Regulations 2016">European Union Referendum (Date of Referendum etc.) Regulations 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_European_Union_Referendum_(Conduct)_Regulations_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="The European Union Referendum (Conduct) Regulations 2016">The European Union Referendum (Conduct) Regulations 2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Treaties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1972" title="Treaty of Accession 1972">1972 Accession Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_European_Act" title="Single European Act">Single European Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Treaty" title="Maastricht Treaty">Maastricht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amsterdam" title="Treaty of Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nice" title="Treaty of Nice">Nice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_a_Constitution_for_Europe" title="Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe">European Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Lisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_opt-outs_from_EU_legislation" title="United Kingdom opt-outs from EU legislation">United Kingdom opt-outs from EU legislation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom_relating_to_the_European_Communities_and_the_European_Union" title="Acts of Parliament of the United Kingdom relating to the European Communities and the European Union">Legislation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Communities_Act_1972_(UK)" title="European Communities Act 1972 (UK)">European Communities Act 1972</a> <ul><li>Amendments: <a href="/wiki/European_Communities_(Amendment)_Act_1986" title="European Communities (Amendment) Act 1986">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Communities_(Amendment)_Act_1993" title="European Communities (Amendment) Act 1993">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Communities_(Amendment)_Act_1998" title="European Communities (Amendment) Act 1998">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Communities_(Amendment)_Act_2002" title="European Communities (Amendment) Act 2002">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Amendment)_Act_2008" title="European Union (Amendment) Act 2008">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Act_2011" title="European Union Act 2011">2011</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area_Act_1993" title="European Economic Area Act 1993">European Economic Area Act 1993</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed bills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Bill_2004%E2%80%932005" title="European Union Bill 2004–2005">European Union Bill 2004–05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Communities_Act_1972_(Repeal)_Bills" title="European Communities Act 1972 (Repeal) Bills">European Communities Act 1972 (Repeal) Bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Referendum)_Bill_2013%E2%80%9314" title="European Union (Referendum) Bill 2013–14">European Union (Referendum) Bill 2013–14</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2014 European Parliament election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 general election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By-elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Clacton_by-election" title="2014 Clacton by-election">2014 Clacton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Heywood_and_Middleton_by-election" title="2014 Heywood and Middleton by-election">2014 Heywood and Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Rochester_and_Strood_by-election" title="2014 Rochester and Strood by-election">2014 Rochester and Strood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_the_European_Communities" title="Accession of the United Kingdom to the European Communities">UK accession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_enlargement_of_the_European_Communities" title="1973 enlargement of the European Communities">1973 EC enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_membership_of_the_European_Union" title="United Kingdom membership of the European Union">UK membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum" title="1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum">1975 EC membership referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_rebate" title="UK rebate">UK rebate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruges_speech" title="Bruges speech">Bruges speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._No._No._(Margaret_Thatcher)" title="No. No. No. (Margaret Thatcher)">No. No. No.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Wednesday" title="Black Wednesday">Black Wednesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">EEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Rebels" title="Maastricht Rebels">Maastricht Rebels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_opt-outs_from_EU_legislation" title="United Kingdom opt-outs from EU legislation">UK Opt-outs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_European_Union:_In_or_Out" title="The European Union: In or Out">The European Union: In or Out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_speech" title="Bloomberg speech">Bloomberg speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_Brexit_referendum" title="Russian interference in the 2016 Brexit referendum">Russian interference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balance_of_Competences_Review" title="Balance of Competences Review">Balance of Competences Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_United_Kingdom_renegotiation_of_European_Union_membership" title="2015–2016 United Kingdom renegotiation of European Union membership">2015–16 renegotiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom">Euroscepticism in the UK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Campaigning_in_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="Campaigning in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">Campaign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Issues_in_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="Issues in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="Opinion polling for the United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">Opinion polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="Endorsements in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Fear" title="Project Fear">Project Fear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegations_of_unlawful_campaigning_in_the_2016_EU_referendum" title="Allegations of unlawful campaigning in the 2016 EU referendum">Unlawful campaigning allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit:_The_Movie" title="Brexit: The Movie">Brexit: The Movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-EU_leaflet" title="Pro-EU leaflet">Pro-EU leaflet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Campaign organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_campaign_organisations_supporting_Remain_in_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="List of campaign organisations supporting Remain in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">Remain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britain_Stronger_in_Europe" title="Britain Stronger in Europe">Britain Stronger in Europe</a> (official campaign)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_In_for_Britain" title="Labour In for Britain">Labour In for Britain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leave</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vote_Leave" title="Vote Leave">Vote Leave</a> (official campaign)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leave.EU" title="Leave.EU">Leave.EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeLeave" title="BeLeave">BeLeave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grassroots_Out" title="Grassroots Out">Grassroots Out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Leave" title="Labour Leave">Labour Leave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_an_Independent_Britain" title="Campaign for an Independent Britain">Campaign for an Independent Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Freedom_Association" title="The Freedom Association">The Freedom Association</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Better_Off_Out" title="Better Off Out">Better Off Out</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get_Britain_Out" title="Get Britain Out">Get Britain Out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruges_Group_(United_Kingdom)" title="Bruges Group (United Kingdom)">Bruges Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="Aftermath of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">Aftermath of referendum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political party leadership elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Conservative <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="2016 Conservative Party leadership election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="2019 Conservative Party leadership election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2020_Scottish_Conservatives_leadership_election" title="February 2020 Scottish Conservatives leadership election">Scottish, Feb 2020</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July%E2%80%93September_2016_UK_Independence_Party_leadership_election" title="July–September 2016 UK Independence Party leadership election">UKIP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_Brexit" title="Opposition to Brexit">Opposition to Brexit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_referendum_on_the_Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Proposed referendum on the Brexit withdrawal agreement">Proposed second referendum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Vote" title="People's Vote">People's Vote</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revoke_Article_50_and_remain_in_the_EU_petition" title="Revoke Article 50 and remain in the EU petition">Petition to revoke Article 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Led_By_Donkeys" title="Led By Donkeys">Led By Donkeys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollocks_to_Brexit" title="Bollocks to Brexit">Bollocks to Brexit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">2017 local</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2017 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2018 United Kingdom local elections">2018 local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2019 United Kingdom local elections">2019 local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2019 European Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Brexit Party">Brexit Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 general</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By-elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Witney_by-election" title="2016 Witney by-election">2016 Witney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Richmond_Park_by-election" title="2016 Richmond Park by-election">2016 Richmond Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sleaford_and_North_Hykeham_by-election" title="2016 Sleaford and North Hykeham by-election">2016 Sleaford and North Hykeham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Copeland_by-election" title="2017 Copeland by-election">2017 Copeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Stoke-on-Trent_Central_by-election" title="2017 Stoke-on-Trent Central by-election">2017 Stoke-on-Trent Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Peterborough_by-election" title="2019 Peterborough by-election">2019 Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Brecon_and_Radnorshire_by-election" title="2019 Brecon and Radnorshire by-election">2019 Brecon and Radnorshire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="International reactions to the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">International reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_to_Leave" class="mw-redirect" title="March to Leave">March to Leave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_Alliance" title="Brexit Alliance">Brexit Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Collar_Conservativism" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Collar Conservativism">Blue Collar Conservativism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Brexit Party">Brexit Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Alliance_for_Reform" title="Independent Alliance for Reform">Independent Alliance for Reform</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brexit process</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R_(Miller)_v_Secretary_of_State_for_Exiting_the_European_Union" title="R (Miller) v Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union">Miller I case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_invocation_of_Article_50_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" title="United Kingdom invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union">Invocation of Article 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations" title="Brexit negotiations">Negotiations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_divorce_bill" title="Brexit divorce bill">Brexit divorce bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations_in_2017" title="Brexit negotiations in 2017">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations_in_2018" title="Brexit negotiations in 2018">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_negotiations_in_2019" title="Brexit negotiations in 2019">2019</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement">Withdrawal agreement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_votes_on_Brexit" title="Parliamentary votes on Brexit">Parliamentary votes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-deal_Brexit" title="No-deal Brexit">No-deal Brexit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Yellowhammer" title="Operation Yellowhammer">Operation Yellowhammer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_British_prorogation_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 British prorogation controversy">Prorogation of Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R_(Miller)_v_The_Prime_Minister_and_Cherry_v_Advocate_General_for_Scotland" title="R (Miller) v The Prime Minister and Cherry v Advocate General for Scotland">Miller II / Cherry case</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_negotiation_between_the_UK_and_the_EU" title="Trade negotiation between the UK and the EU">Trade negotiation between the UK and the EU</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_for_finance" title="Fish for finance">Fish for finance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU%E2%80%93UK_Trade_and_Cooperation_Agreement" title="EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement">EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_Brexit" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact of Brexit">Impact of Brexit and potential effects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">on Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Northern_Ireland_Executive_formation" title="2024 Northern Ireland Executive formation">2024 Northern Ireland Executive formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_and_the_Irish_border" title="Brexit and the Irish border">Brexit and the Irish border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Protocol" title="Northern Ireland Protocol">Northern Ireland Protocol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Protocol_Bill" title="Northern Ireland Protocol Bill">proposed changes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Sea_border" title="Irish Sea border">Irish Sea border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Framework" title="Windsor Framework">Windsor Framework</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Effect_of_Brexit_on_Gibraltar" title="Effect of Brexit on Gibraltar">on Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_Brexit_on_the_European_Union" title="Impact of Brexit on the European Union">on the EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_and_arrangements_for_science_and_technology" title="Brexit and arrangements for science and technology">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_effects_of_Brexit" title="Economic effects of Brexit">Economic effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Brexit_United_Kingdom_relations_with_the_European_Union" title="Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union">Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brexit legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">White papers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_plan" title="Brexit plan">Brexit plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeal_Bill_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Repeal Bill plan">Repeal Bill plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chequers_plan" title="Chequers plan">Chequers plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement_plan" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement plan">Brexit withdrawal agreement plan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Enacted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Notification_of_Withdrawal)_Act_2017" title="European Union (Notification of Withdrawal) Act 2017">Notification of Withdrawal Act 2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal)_Act_2018" title="European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018">Withdrawal Act 2018</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal)_Act_2019_(Gibraltar)" title="European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2019 (Gibraltar)">Gibraltar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Safeguards_Act_2018" title="Nuclear Safeguards Act 2018">Nuclear Safeguards Act 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal)_Act_2019" title="European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2019">Cooper–Letwin Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal)_(No._2)_Act_2019" title="European Union (Withdrawal) (No. 2) Act 2019">Benn Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal_Agreement)_Act_2020" title="European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020">Withdrawal Agreement Act 2020</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal_Agreement)_Act_2020_(Gibraltar)" title="European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (Gibraltar)">Gibraltar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Internal_Market_Act_2020" title="United Kingdom Internal Market Act 2020"> Internal Market Act 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Future_Relationship)_Act_2020" title="European Union (Future Relationship) Act 2020">Future Relationship Act 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union_(Continuity)_(Scotland)_Act_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Withdrawal from the European Union (Continuity) (Scotland) Act 2020">UK Withdrawal from the European Union (Continuity) (Scotland) Act 2020</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terms_of_Withdrawal_from_EU_(Referendum)_Bills" title="Terms of Withdrawal from EU (Referendum) Bills">Terms of Withdrawal from EU (Referendum) Bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union_(Legal_Continuity)_(Scotland)_Bill_2018" title="UK Withdrawal from the European Union (Legal Continuity) (Scotland) Bill 2018">UK Withdrawal from the European Union (Legal Continuity) (Scotland) Bill 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Withdrawal_Agreement_(Public_Vote)_Bill_2017%E2%80%9319" title="European Union Withdrawal Agreement (Public Vote) Bill 2017–19">European Union Withdrawal Agreement (Public Vote) Bill 2017–19</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_50p_coin" title="Brexit 50p coin">Brexit 50p coin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Change_Britain" title="Change Britain">Change Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Change_UK" title="Change UK">Change UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_with_Ed_Miliband" title="Chaos with Ed Miliband">Chaos with Ed Miliband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Research_Group" title="European Research Group">European Research Group</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Enemies_of_the_People_(headline)" title="Enemies of the People (headline)">Enemies of the People</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leave_Means_Leave" title="Leave Means Leave">Leave Means Leave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Led_By_Donkeys" title="Led By Donkeys">Led By Donkeys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/More_United" title="More United">More United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Future_Forum" title="Northern Future Forum">Northern Future Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_European" title="The New European">The New European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Britain" title="Open Britain">Open Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_second_Scottish_independence_referendum" title="Proposed second Scottish independence referendum">Proposed second Scottish independence referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_UK" title="Reform UK">Reform UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_du_Brexit" title="Rue du Brexit">Rue du Brexit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Brexit_terms" title="Glossary of Brexit terms">Terminology (Glossary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufton_Street" title="Tufton Street">Tufton Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">United Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting_pencil_conspiracy_theory" title="Voting pencil conspiracy theory">Voting pencil conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retained_EU_law_(UK_Law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Retained EU law (UK Law)">Retained EU law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brexit_in_popular_culture" 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