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.ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-retractors-responsive .ubermenu-retractor-mobile{ display:none; } /* Top level items full height */ .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-nav{ display:flex; align-items:stretch; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0{ display:flex; flex-direction:column; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target{ flex:1; display:flex; align-items:center; flex-wrap:wrap; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-target-divider{ position:static; flex-basis:100%; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target.ubermenu-item-layout-image_left > .ubermenu-target-text{ padding-left:1em; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target.ubermenu-item-layout-image_right > .ubermenu-target-text{ padding-right:1em; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target.ubermenu-item-layout-image_above, .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target.ubermenu-item-layout-image_below{ flex-direction:column; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-submenu-drop{ top:100%; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item-level-0:not(.ubermenu-align-right) + .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-align-right{ margin-left:auto; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target.ubermenu-content-align-left{ justify-content:flex-start; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target.ubermenu-content-align-center{ justify-content:center; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target.ubermenu-content-align-right{ justify-content:flex-end; } /* Force current submenu always open but below others */ .ubermenu-force-current-submenu .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-current-menu-item > .ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu-force-current-submenu .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-current-menu-ancestor > .ubermenu-submenu-drop { display: block!important; opacity: 1!important; visibility: visible!important; margin: 0!important; top: auto!important; height: auto; z-index:19; } /* Invert Horizontal menu to make subs go up */ .ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-horizontal .ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-items-vstretch .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0>.ubermenu-submenu-drop{ top:auto; bottom:100%; } .ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-horizontal.ubermenu-sub-indicators .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-has-submenu-drop > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator{ transform:rotate(180deg); } /* Make second level flyouts fly up */ .ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-horizontal .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-submenu-type-flyout{ top:auto; bottom:0; } /* Clip the submenus properly when inverted */ .ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-horizontal .ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-submenu-drop{ clip: rect(-5000px,5000px,auto,-5000px); } /* Invert Vertical menu to make subs go left */ .ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-vertical .ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-submenu-drop{ right:100%; left:auto; } .ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-vertical.ubermenu-sub-indicators .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-item-has-children > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator{ right:auto; left:10px; transform:rotate(90deg); } .ubermenu-vertical.ubermenu-invert .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-submenu-drop { clip: rect(-5000px,5000px,5000px,-5000px); } /* Vertical Flyout > Flyout */ .ubermenu-vertical.ubermenu-invert.ubermenu-sub-indicators .ubermenu-has-submenu-drop > .ubermenu-target{ padding-left:25px; } .ubermenu-vertical.ubermenu-invert .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator { right:auto; left:10px; transform:rotate(90deg); } .ubermenu-vertical.ubermenu-invert .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-submenu-drop.ubermenu-submenu-type-flyout, .ubermenu-vertical.ubermenu-invert .ubermenu-submenu-type-flyout > .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-submenu-drop { right: 100%; left: auto; } .ubermenu-responsive-toggle{ display:none; } } @media screen and (max-width: 1024px){ .ubermenu-responsive-toggle, .ubermenu-sticky-toggle-wrapper { display: block; } .ubermenu-responsive{ width:100%; max-height:600px; visibility:visible; overflow:visible; -webkit-transition:max-height 1s ease-in; transition:max-height .3s ease-in; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-mobile-accordion:not(.ubermenu-mobile-modal):not(.ubermenu-in-transition):not(.ubermenu-responsive-collapse){ max-height:none; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-items-align-center{ text-align:left; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu{ margin:0; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu .ubermenu-nav{ display:block; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-responsive-nocollapse, .ubermenu-repsonsive.ubermenu-no-transitions{ display:block; max-height:none; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-responsive-collapse{ max-height:none; visibility:visible; overflow:visible; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-responsive-collapse{ max-height:0; overflow:hidden !important; visibility:hidden; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-in-transition, .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-in-transition .ubermenu-nav{ overflow:hidden !important; visibility:visible; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-responsive-collapse:not(.ubermenu-in-transition){ border-top-width:0; border-bottom-width:0; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-responsive-collapse .ubermenu-item .ubermenu-submenu{ display:none; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item-level-0{ width:50%; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-responsive-single-column .ubermenu-item-level-0{ float:none; clear:both; width:100%; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target{ border:none; box-shadow:none; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-has-submenu-flyout{ position:static; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-sub-indicators .ubermenu-submenu-type-flyout .ubermenu-has-submenu-drop > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator{ transform:rotate(0); right:10px; left:auto; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-nav .ubermenu-item .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-drop{ width:100%; min-width:100%; max-width:100%; top:auto; left:0 !important; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-has-border .ubermenu-nav .ubermenu-item .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-drop{ left: -1px !important; /* For borders */ } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-type-mega > .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-column{ min-height:0; border-left:none; float:left; /* override left/center/right content alignment */ display:block; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-type-mega{ max-height:none; height:auto;/*prevent overflow scrolling since android is still finicky*/ overflow:visible; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-transition-slide .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-in-transition > .ubermenu-submenu-drop{ max-height:1000px; /* because of slide transition */ } .ubermenu .ubermenu-submenu-type-flyout .ubermenu-submenu-type-mega{ min-height:0; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-column, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-column-auto{ min-width:50%; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-autoclear > .ubermenu-column{ clear:none; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-column:nth-of-type(2n+1){ clear:both; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-submenu-retractor-top:not(.ubermenu-submenu-retractor-top-2) .ubermenu-column:nth-of-type(2n+1){ clear:none; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-submenu-retractor-top:not(.ubermenu-submenu-retractor-top-2) .ubermenu-column:nth-of-type(2n+2){ clear:both; } .ubermenu-responsive-single-column-subs .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-item { float: none; clear: both; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; } /* Submenu footer content */ .ubermenu .ubermenu-submenu-footer{ position:relative; clear:both; bottom:auto; right:auto; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tabs, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tabs-group, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ /** TABS SHOULD BE 100% ACCORDION */ width:100%; min-width:100%; max-width:100%; left:0; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tabs, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ min-height:0 !important;/* Override Inline Style from JS */ } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tabs{ z-index:15; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ z-index:20; } /* Tab Layering */ .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab{ position:relative; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab.ubermenu-active{ position:relative; z-index:20; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab > .ubermenu-target{ border-width:0 0 1px 0; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-sub-indicators .ubermenu-tabs > .ubermenu-tabs-group > .ubermenu-tab.ubermenu-has-submenu-drop > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator{ transform:rotate(0); right:10px; left:auto; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tabs > .ubermenu-tabs-group > .ubermenu-tab > .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ top:auto; border-width:1px; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tab-layout-bottom > .ubermenu-tabs-group{ /*position:relative;*/ } .ubermenu-reponsive .ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-submenu-type-stack{ /* Top Level Stack Columns */ position:relative; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-submenu-type-stack .ubermenu-column, .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-submenu-type-stack .ubermenu-column-auto{ /* Stack Columns */ width:100%; max-width:100%; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item-mini{ /* Mini items */ min-width:0; width:auto; float:left; clear:none !important; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-mini > a.ubermenu-target{ padding-left:20px; padding-right:20px; } .ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-hide-mobile{ /* Hiding items */ display:none !important; } .ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-hide-bkgs .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-bkg-img{ /** Hide Background Images in Submenu */ background-image:none; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-item-mini{ min-width:0; width:auto; } .ubermenu-vertical .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0{ width:100%; } .ubermenu-vertical.ubermenu-sub-indicators .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-item-has-children > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator{ right:10px; left:auto; transform:rotate(0); } .ubermenu-vertical .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-relative.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-submenu-drop.ubermenu-submenu-align-vertical_parent_item{ top:auto; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-tabs{ position:static; } /* Tabs on Mobile with mouse (but not click) - leave space to hover off */ .ubermenu:not(.ubermenu-is-mobile):not(.ubermenu-submenu-indicator-closes) .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-tab[data-ubermenu-trigger="mouseover"] .ubermenu-tab-content-panel, .ubermenu:not(.ubermenu-is-mobile):not(.ubermenu-submenu-indicator-closes) .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-tab[data-ubermenu-trigger="hover_intent"] .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ margin-left:6%; width:94%; min-width:94%; } /* Sub indicator close visibility */ .ubermenu.ubermenu-submenu-indicator-closes .ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator-close{ display:block; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-submenu-indicator-closes .ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator{ display:none; } .ubermenu .ubermenu-tabs .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.075); } /* When submenus and items go full width, move items back to appropriate positioning */ .ubermenu .ubermenu-submenu-rtl { direction: ltr; } /* Fixed position mobile menu */ .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal{ position:fixed; z-index:9999999; opacity:1; top:0; left:0; width:100%; width:100vw; max-width:100%; max-width:100vw; height:100%; height:calc(100vh - calc(100vh - 100%)); height:-webkit-fill-available; max-height:calc(100vh - calc(100vh - 100%)); max-height:-webkit-fill-available; border:none; box-sizing:border-box; display:flex; flex-direction:column; justify-content:flex-start; overflow-y:auto !important; /* for non-accordion mode */ overflow-x:hidden !important; overscroll-behavior: contain; transform:scale(1); transition-duration:.1s; transition-property: all; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press{ overflow-y:hidden !important; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal.ubermenu-responsive-collapse{ overflow:hidden !important; opacity:0; transform:scale(.9); visibility:hidden; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal .ubermenu-nav{ flex:1; overflow-y:auto !important; overscroll-behavior: contain; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal .ubermenu-item-level-0{ margin:0; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal .ubermenu-mobile-close-button{ border:none; background:none; border-radius:0; padding:1em; color:inherit; display:inline-block; text-align:center; font-size:14px; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal .ubermenu-mobile-footer .ubermenu-mobile-close-button{ width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal .ubermenu-mobile-footer .ubermenu-mobile-close-button .ubermenu-icon-essential, .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-modal .ubermenu-mobile-footer .ubermenu-mobile-close-button .fas.fa-times{ margin-right:.2em; } /* Header/Footer Mobile content */ .ubermenu .ubermenu-mobile-header, .ubermenu .ubermenu-mobile-footer{ display:block; text-align:center; color:inherit; } /* Accordion submenus mobile (single column tablet) */ .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive-single-column.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive-single-column.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-tab > .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ box-sizing:border-box; border-left:none; border-right:none; box-shadow:none; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive-single-column.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive-single-column.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-tab.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ position:static; } /* Accordion indented - remove borders and extra spacing from headers */ .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-item-header.ubermenu-has-submenu-stack > .ubermenu-target{ border:none; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-item-header.ubermenu-has-submenu-stack > .ubermenu-submenu-type-stack{ padding-top:0; } /* Accordion dropdown indentation padding */ .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target, .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target{ padding-left:calc( var(--ubermenu-accordion-indent) * 2 ); } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target, .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target{ padding-left:calc( var(--ubermenu-accordion-indent) * 3 ); } .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target, .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target{ padding-left:calc( var(--ubermenu-accordion-indent) * 4 ); } /* Reverse Accordion dropdown indentation padding */ .rtl .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target, .rtl .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target{ padding-left:0; padding-right:calc( var(--ubermenu-accordion-indent) * 2 ); } .rtl .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target, .rtl .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target{ padding-left:0; padding-right:calc( var(--ubermenu-accordion-indent) * 3 ); } .rtl .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target, .rtl .ubermenu.ubermenu-mobile-accordion-indent .ubermenu-submenu-drop .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-tab-content-panel .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-target{ padding-left:0; padding-right:calc( var(--ubermenu-accordion-indent) * 4 ); } .ubermenu-responsive-toggle{ display:block; } } @media screen and (max-width: 480px){ .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-item-level-0{ width:100%; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-column, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive .ubermenu-column-auto{ min-width:100%; } .ubermenu .ubermenu-autocolumn:not(:first-child), .ubermenu .ubermenu-autocolumn:not(:first-child) .ubermenu-submenu-type-stack{ padding-top:0; } .ubermenu .ubermenu-autocolumn:not(:last-child), .ubermenu .ubermenu-autocolumn:not(:last-child) .ubermenu-submenu-type-stack{ padding-bottom:0; } .ubermenu .ubermenu-autocolumn > .ubermenu-submenu-type-stack > .ubermenu-item-normal:first-child{ margin-top:0; } /* Accordion submenus mobile */ .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-item > .ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-tab > .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ box-shadow:none; box-sizing:border-box; border-left:none; border-right:none; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu.ubermenu-responsive.ubermenu-mobile-accordion.ubermenu-interaction-press .ubermenu-tab.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-tab-content-panel{ position:static; } } /** UberMenu Custom Menu Styles (Customizer) **/ /* main */ .ubermenu-main.ubermenu-mobile-modal.ubermenu-mobile-view { background:#ffffff; } .ubermenu-main { background:#ffffff; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-main { background:none; border:none; box-shadow:none; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target { border:none; box-shadow:none; background:#ffffff; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-main.ubermenu-horizontal .ubermenu-submenu-drop.ubermenu-submenu-align-left_edge_bar, .ubermenu.ubermenu-main.ubermenu-horizontal .ubermenu-submenu-drop.ubermenu-submenu-align-full_width { left:0; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-main.ubermenu-horizontal .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-submenu-drop, .ubermenu.ubermenu-main.ubermenu-horizontal:not(.ubermenu-transition-shift) .ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-submenu-drop { margin-top:0; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target { font-size:16px; color:#000000; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-nav .ubermenu-item.ubermenu-item-level-0 > .ubermenu-target { font-weight:700; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-level-0:hover > .ubermenu-target, .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-target { color:#ba0c2f; background:#ffffff; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-current-menu-item > .ubermenu-target, .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-current-menu-parent > .ubermenu-target, .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-level-0.ubermenu-current-menu-ancestor > .ubermenu-target { color:#494949; background:#ffffff; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-drop { background-color:#ffffff; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-highlight { color:#ba0c2f; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-normal > .ubermenu-target,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-target,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-nonlink,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-widget,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-custom-content-padded,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-retractor,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-colgroup .ubermenu-column,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-type-stack > .ubermenu-item-normal > .ubermenu-target,.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu.ubermenu-submenu-padded { padding:5px 15px; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-grid-row { padding-right:5px 15px; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-grid-row .ubermenu-target { padding-right:0; } .ubermenu-main.ubermenu-sub-indicators .ubermenu-submenu :not(.ubermenu-tabs-layout-right) .ubermenu-has-submenu-drop > .ubermenu-target { padding-right:25px; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-item-header > .ubermenu-target, .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-tab > .ubermenu-target { font-size:18px; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-item-header > .ubermenu-target { color:#000000; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-normal > .ubermenu-target { color:#000000; font-size:16px; } .ubermenu.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-normal > .ubermenu-target:hover, .ubermenu.ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-normal.ubermenu-active > .ubermenu-target { color:#ba0c2f; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-item-normal > .ubermenu-target:hover > .ubermenu-target-text { text-decoration:underline; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-target-description { font-size:16px; } .ubermenu-main .ubermenu-submenu .ubermenu-has-submenu-drop > .ubermenu-target > .ubermenu-sub-indicator { color:#ba0c2f; } .ubermenu-responsive-toggle.ubermenu-responsive-toggle-main { font-size:20px; } /** UberMenu Custom Tweaks (General Settings) **/ .main-navigation-uber .ubermenu .ubermenu-target { padding: 15px 15px; } /* Status: Loaded from Transient */ </style><meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://www.ieee-pels.org"><link rel="alternate" 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class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4133 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/membership/student-travel-grants/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Student Travel Grants</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-4052" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-4052 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Resources</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-4052 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li id="menu-item-4047" class="menuCTA ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-ubermenu-custom ubermenu-item-4047 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><div class="ubermenu-content-block ubermenu-custom-content"><div class="navigation-cta" style="margin: 10px 0 10px 0;"> <img alt="award icon" class="nav-icon" src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/teamwork-1.png"/> <p>Visit the PELS Resource Center to view past webinars and much more.</p> <a class="nav-cta-btn" href="https://resourcecenter.ieee-pels.org/" target="_blank">View Resource Center</a> </div></div></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-22" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-22 ubermenu-item-level-0 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto ubermenu-has-submenu-drop ubermenu-has-submenu-mega" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default 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class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1557 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/programs-and-projects/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Overview</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1820" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1820 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/global-energy-access/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Global Energy Access</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1587" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1587 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/international-technology-roadmap-of-power-electronics-for-distributed-energy-resources/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Power Electronics for Distributed Energy Resources (ITRD)</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-26676" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-26676 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/international-technology-roadmap-for-high-power-electronics-for-modern-energy-grids-itrg/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title 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class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Technical Committees</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1401 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-autocolumn menu-item-1401-col-0 ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-full ubermenu-has-submenu-stack ubermenu-item-type-column ubermenu-column-id-1401-col-0"><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1401-col-0 ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li id="menu-item-1552" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1552 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/technical-committees/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Overview</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1389" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1389 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-1-control-and-modeling-of-power-electronics/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">1: Control and Modeling of Power Electronics</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1393" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1393 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-2-power-components-integration-and-power-ics/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">2: Power Components, Integration, and Power ICs</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1394" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1394 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-3-electrical-machines-drives-and-automation/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">3: Electrical Machines, Drives and Automation</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1395" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1395 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-4-electrified-transportation-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">4: Electrified Transportation Systems</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1396" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1396 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-5-sustainable-energy-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">5: Sustainable Energy Systems</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-1558" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1558 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="#"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Technical Committees 2</span></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1558 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li id="menu-item-1397" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1397 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-6-emerging-power-electronic-technologies/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">6: Emerging Power Electronic Technologies</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1398" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1398 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-7-critical-power-and-energy-storage-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">7: Critical Power and Energy Storage Systems</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1399" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1399 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-8-electronic-power-grid-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">8: Electronic Power Grid Systems</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1400" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1400 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-9-wireless-power-transfer-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">9: Wireless Power Transfer Systems</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1390" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1390 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-10-design-methodologies/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">10: Design Methodologies</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1391" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1391 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-11-aerospace-power/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">11: Aerospace Power</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-1392" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1392 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-12-energy-access-and-off-grid-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">12: Energy Access and Off-Grid Systems</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-1681" class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1681 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><a 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ubermenu-item-1514 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/conferences/conferences-open-calls/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Open Calls for Conferences</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1657 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/conferences/information-for-organizers/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Information for Organizers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1596 ubermenu-item-auto 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</div></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-current-page-ancestor ubermenu-current-menu-ancestor ubermenu-current-page-parent ubermenu-current_page_ancestor ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-23 ubermenu-item-level-0 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto ubermenu-has-submenu-drop ubermenu-has-submenu-mega" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/publications/" tabindex="0"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Publications</span><i class='ubermenu-sub-indicator fas fa-angle-down'></i></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-23 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-mega ubermenu-submenu-drop ubermenu-submenu-align-full_width ubermenu-autoclear" aria-hidden="true"><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-current-menu-ancestor ubermenu-current-menu-parent ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1361 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">PELS Journals</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1361 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1363 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/publications/transactions-on-power-electronics/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Transactions on Power Electronics</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-current-menu-item ubermenu-page_item ubermenu-page-item-321 ubermenu-current_page_item ubermenu-item-1367 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/publications/open-journal-of-power-electronics/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Open Journal of Power Electronics</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1368 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/publications/journal-of-emerging-and-selected-topics-in-power-electronics/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1362 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/publications/transactions-on-transportation-electrification/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Transactions on Transportation Electrification</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1364 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Co-Sponsored Journals</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1364 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-1516 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" target="_blank" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5165411"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Transactions on Smart Grid <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-1517 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" target="_blank" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5165391"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Transactions on Sustainable Energy <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-1518 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" target="_blank" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5503869"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Journal of Photovoltaics <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1370 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span 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class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Electrification Magazine <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1373 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Information for Authors</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1373 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-current-page-ancestor ubermenu-current-page-parent ubermenu-item-1515 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default 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ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">About</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1375 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1607 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Overview</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4567 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/global-relations/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Global Relations</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4566 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/educational-outreach/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Educational Outreach</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-1376 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" target="_blank" href="https://resourcecenter.ieee-pels.org/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Resource Center <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"> </i></span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-1606 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" target="_blank" href="https://tees.catalog.instructure.com/courses/ieee-power-electronics"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Crossword Puzzles <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"> </i></span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1374 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="#"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Digital Media</span></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1374 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4198 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/pelstube/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">PELSTube</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4199 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/webinars/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Webinars</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4200 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/podcasts/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Podcasts</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-3962 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="#"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Student Opportunities</span></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-3962 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4571 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/awards/pels-ph-d-thesis-talk-p3-talk/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">PELS Ph.D. Thesis Talk (P3 Talk)</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4572 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/membership/international-future-energy-challenge/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">International Energy Challenge</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4565 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/phd-schools/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Ph.D. Schools</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-4133 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/membership/student-travel-grants/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Student Travel Grants</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-4052 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Resources</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-4052 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="menuCTA ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-ubermenu-custom ubermenu-item-4047 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><div class="ubermenu-content-block ubermenu-custom-content"><div class="navigation-cta" style="margin: 10px 0 10px 0;"> <img alt="award icon" class="nav-icon" src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/teamwork-1.png"/> <p>Visit the PELS Resource Center to view past webinars and much more.</p> <a class="nav-cta-btn" href="https://resourcecenter.ieee-pels.org/" target="_blank">View Resource Center</a> </div></div></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-22 ubermenu-item-level-0 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto ubermenu-has-submenu-drop ubermenu-has-submenu-mega" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/" tabindex="0"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Technical Activities</span><i class='ubermenu-sub-indicator fas fa-angle-down'></i></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-22 ubermenu-submenu-type-mega ubermenu-submenu-drop ubermenu-submenu-align-full_width ubermenu-autoclear" aria-hidden="true"><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1457 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Programs & Roadmaps</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1457 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1557 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/programs-and-projects/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Overview</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1820 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/global-energy-access/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Global Energy Access</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1587 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/international-technology-roadmap-of-power-electronics-for-distributed-energy-resources/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Power Electronics for Distributed Energy Resources (ITRD)</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-26676 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/international-technology-roadmap-for-high-power-electronics-for-modern-energy-grids-itrg/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">High-Power Electronics for Modern Energy Grids (ITRG)</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1586 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/the-international-technology-roadmap-for-wide-bandgap-power-semiconductors/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Wide Bandgap Power Semiconductors (ITRW)</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1401 ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><span class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Technical Committees</span></span><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1401 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-autocolumn menu-item-1401-col-0 ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-full ubermenu-has-submenu-stack ubermenu-item-type-column ubermenu-column-id-1401-col-0"><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1401-col-0 ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1552 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/technical-committees/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Overview</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1389 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-1-control-and-modeling-of-power-electronics/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">1: Control and Modeling of Power Electronics</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1393 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-2-power-components-integration-and-power-ics/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">2: Power Components, Integration, and Power ICs</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1394 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-3-electrical-machines-drives-and-automation/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">3: Electrical Machines, Drives and Automation</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1395 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-4-electrified-transportation-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">4: Electrified Transportation Systems</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1396 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-3 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-5-sustainable-energy-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">5: Sustainable Energy Systems</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-custom ubermenu-item-object-custom ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1558 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="#"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Technical Committees 2</span></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1558 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1397 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-6-emerging-power-electronic-technologies/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">6: Emerging Power Electronic Technologies</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1398 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-7-critical-power-and-energy-storage-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">7: Critical Power and Energy Storage Systems</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1399 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-8-electronic-power-grid-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">8: Electronic Power Grid Systems</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1400 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-9-wireless-power-transfer-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">9: Wireless Power Transfer Systems</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1390 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-10-design-methodologies/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">10: Design Methodologies</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1391 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-11-aerospace-power/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">11: Aerospace Power</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1392 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/tc-12-energy-access-and-off-grid-systems/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">12: Energy Access and Off-Grid Systems</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1681 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-header ubermenu-item-level-1 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-1-4 ubermenu-has-submenu-stack" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/standards/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Standards</span></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1681 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-stack" ><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1745 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/standards/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Standards Development</span></a></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-1746 ubermenu-item-auto ubermenu-item-normal ubermenu-item-level-2 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/technical-activities/industry-engagement/"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">Industry Engagement</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="ubermenu-item ubermenu-item-type-post_type ubermenu-item-object-page ubermenu-item-has-children ubermenu-item-1233 ubermenu-item-level-0 ubermenu-column ubermenu-column-auto ubermenu-has-submenu-drop ubermenu-has-submenu-mega" ><a class="ubermenu-target ubermenu-item-layout-default ubermenu-item-layout-text_only" href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/news-media/" tabindex="0"><span class="ubermenu-target-title ubermenu-target-text">News & Media</span><i class='ubermenu-sub-indicator fas fa-angle-down'></i></a><ul class="ubermenu-submenu ubermenu-submenu-id-1233 ubermenu-submenu-type-auto ubermenu-submenu-type-mega ubermenu-submenu-drop ubermenu-submenu-align-full_width ubermenu-autoclear" aria-hidden="true"><li 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<div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-91f14d9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="91f14d9" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b8a453f elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading" data-id="b8a453f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="theme-post-title.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Open Journal of Power Electronics</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6835648 elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs" data-id="6835648" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="breadcrumbs.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p id="breadcrumbs"><span><span><a href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/">Home</a></span> / <span><a href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/publications/">Publications</a></span> / <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">Open Journal of Power Electronics</span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-2b4737bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="2b4737bb" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-28d9e8d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content" data-id="28d9e8d9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="theme-post-content.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-page" data-elementor-id="321" class="elementor elementor-321" data-elementor-post-type="page"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-9fa34e9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="9fa34e9" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-93e448d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="93e448d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-62e84b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="62e84b1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.ieee-pels.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Open-Journal-of-Power-Electronics-Front-Cover-pdf.jpg" title="" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-619f062 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="619f062" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-803d7a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="803d7a1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics</h5> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3e4f1bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="3e4f1bb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About the Publication</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a2603c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a2603c5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>The <strong><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=8782709" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics</a> </strong>(OJPEL) is a 100% open access journal that publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed papers. This means that all content is freely available without charge to users and their institutions. Users can copy, distribute, download, link, print, read, and search the full texts of the articles and can use them for any lawful purpose (as long as proper attribution is given).</p><p>OJPEL covers the development and application of power electronic systems and technologies. Some topics include the use of electronic components, the application of circuit theory and design techniques, and the development of analytical methods and tools for efficient electronic conversion, control, and conditioning of electric power to enable the sustainable use of energy. The aim is to publish novel developments as well as tutorial and survey articles, including those of value to both the practicing professional, research, and development segments of the field.</p><p>For more information, please contact Editor-in-Chief <a href="mailto:mantooth@uark.edu">H. Alan Mantooth</a>.</p> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-b82eb0e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="b82eb0e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4f10a4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="4f10a4d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=8782709" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">View Current Issue</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c65f161 black-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="c65f161" data-element_type="widget" 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</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57c7a13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading" data-id="57c7a13" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="theme-post-title.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/announcements/special-compendium-for-icdcm-2024/">Special Compendium for ICDCM 2024</a></h4> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="74" class="elementor elementor-74 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-16578 post-16578 announcements type-announcements status-publish format-standard hentry announcement-category-announcements announcement-category-ojpel" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-514a49f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="514a49f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0cae08f elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info" data-id="0cae08f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="post-info.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-db5c46e elementor-inline-item" itemprop="datePublished"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date"> <time>June 18, 2024</time> </span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57c7a13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading" data-id="57c7a13" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="theme-post-title.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/announcements/ojpel-offers-member-discount-for-apc/">OJPEL Offers Member Discount for APC</a></h4> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-e614978 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="e614978" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-4eac382 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4eac382" data-element_type="container"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-6de3537 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="6de3537" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5790298 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5790298" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Open Calls for Papers</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cb1c363 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="cb1c363" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.ieee-pels.org/publications/publications-open-calls/">View Now</a></h5> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-202145a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="202145a" data-element_type="container"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-75eefd7 pub-stats e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="75eefd7" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-09d7271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="09d7271" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">5</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8988ba2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="8988ba2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Impact Factor</h5> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-1973f3f pub-stats e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="1973f3f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9e9f013 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="9e9f013" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">0.00175</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-11a1872 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="11a1872" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Eigenfactor </h5> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-9f47c79 pub-stats e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="9f47c79" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1f99e7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1f99e7c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1.589</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-571275a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="571275a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Article Influence Score</h5> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-3f9e7ff pub-stats e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3f9e7ff" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5041c48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5041c48" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">8.6</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fec6a52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="fec6a52" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CiteScore </h5> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-f0bc030 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="f0bc030" data-element_type="container"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-db7fd4b e-con-full lg-banner-box e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="db7fd4b" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-b779b73 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="b779b73" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-825db7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="825db7f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Publication Details</h5> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b64d4f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="b64d4f0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Further <br> Information</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-8ebbed4 e-con-full 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class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="e-n-tabs" data-widget-number="20723074" aria-label="Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys."> <div class="e-n-tabs-heading" role="tablist"> <button id="e-n-tab-title-207230741" class="e-n-tab-title" aria-selected="true" data-tab-index="1" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-controls="e-n-tab-content-207230741" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 1;"> <span class="e-n-tab-title-text"> Information for <br>Authors </span> </button> <button id="e-n-tab-title-207230742" class="e-n-tab-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab-index="2" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="e-n-tab-content-207230742" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 2;"> <span class="e-n-tab-title-text"> Submit a <br>Paper </span> </button> <button id="e-n-tab-title-207230743" class="e-n-tab-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab-index="3" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="e-n-tab-content-207230743" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 3;"> <span class="e-n-tab-title-text"> Editorial <br>Board </span> </button> <button id="e-n-tab-title-207230744" class="e-n-tab-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab-index="4" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="e-n-tab-content-207230744" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 4;"> <span class="e-n-tab-title-text"> Contact <br>information </span> </button> <button id="e-n-tab-title-207230745" class="e-n-tab-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab-index="5" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="e-n-tab-content-207230745" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 5;"> <span class="e-n-tab-title-text"> Awards &<br>Recognitions </span> </button> </div> <div class="e-n-tabs-content"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" id="e-n-tab-content-207230741" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="e-n-tab-title-207230741" data-tab-index="1" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 1;" class="e-active elementor-element elementor-element-872036c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="872036c" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f43b782 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="f43b782" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Information for Authors</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9816776 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="9816776" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><strong>Article Processing Charges (APC): </strong>When a paper is accepted for publication, authors must pay an APC of 1,995 USD plus applicable local taxes. IEEE members receive a 5% discount and PELS members receive a 20% discount. These discounts cannot be combined and do not apply to undergraduate and graduate students. <em><strong>Papers submitted from 1 January 2025 onward will be subject to an APC of 2,075 USD if accepted for publication.</strong></em></p><p>More information about IEEE’s Low and Lower-middle Income Country Program is available <a href="https://open.ieee.org/for-authors/ieee-low-and-lower-middle-income-country-open-access-discount-program/">here</a>. Some institutions offer assistance for open-access funding. Check <a href="https://open.ieee.org/for-institutions/institutional-partners/">IEEE’s institutional partners list</a> to see if yours is one.</p> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-7505bda e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="7505bda" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ea2828a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="ea2828a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/ScholarOne_Author_Tutorial_July2019.pptx" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Author Tutorial</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-49a4fde elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="49a4fde" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/authoring-tools-and-templates/" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">IEEE Author Tools</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-44ba58b elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="44ba58b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://ieee-collabratec.ieee.org/app/community/18/activities" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">IEEE Collabratec Author Lab</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-11cdecb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="11cdecb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><strong>English Language Editing Services:</strong> These services can help refine the language of the submission and reduce the risk of rejection without review. IEEE authors are eligible for discounts at several language editing services. Please note that these services are fee-based and do not guarantee acceptance.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b73be4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="b73be4f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/create-the-text-of-your-article/structure-your-article/#editing-service" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Learn More</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-799a5e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="799a5e6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Ethics:</b> All IEEE authors are expected to adhere to IEEE’s publishing ethics, including the <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/become-an-ieee-journal-author/publishing-ethics/definition-of-authorship/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">definition of authorship</a>, <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/become-an-ieee-journal-author/publishing-ethics/cite-sources-appropriately/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">appropriate citation of sources</a>, <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/become-an-ieee-journal-author/publishing-ethics/report-your-data-accurately/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">accurate reporting of data</a>, and <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/become-an-ieee-journal-author/publishing-ethics/publish-original-research/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">publishing of original research</a>. All articles submitted for publication should be original and not under consideration elsewhere.</p><p>During submission, all related prior publications and related current submissions in other journals or conferences should be fully declared. Prior and related publications refer to items such as earlier conference papers on which the submission to OJPEL elaborates, other publications where (part of) the submitted work was disclosed, and earlier work of the author or the author’s group in the same field on which the submitted manuscript builds further. Submissions must include a PDF copy of each paper along with a prepublication statement that explains the overlap and differences of the submitted manuscripts for the convenience of the reviewers. Authors should also inform the Editor in Chief of any related submissions made while their submission to OJPEL is in review.</p><p>Please consider the list carefully since an automated plagiarism check is performed on each submission. Violations of this prepublication policy detected during the review process may result in a publication ban.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a7ecb16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="a7ecb16" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/become-an-ieee-journal-author/publishing-ethics/ethical-requirements/" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Learn More</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0b63c56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="0b63c56" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><strong>Open Researcher and Contributor ID (</strong><strong>ORCID):</strong> All IEEE journals require an ORCID for all authors. ORCID is a persistent unique identifier for researchers and functions similarly to an article’s Digital Object Identifier. Authors will need a registered ORCID to submit an article or review a proof in this journal.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0fad476 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="0fad476" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/authoring-tools-and-templates/tools-for-ieee-authors/#ORCID" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Learn More</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-63c35a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="63c35a6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><strong>IEEE Author Tools:</strong> Preparing an article for submission is easy with IEEE Author Tools. Tools are available to help find the right publication for research, validate LaTeX files, and verify reference lists.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d37b96e elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="d37b96e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/authoring-tools-and-templates/tools-for-ieee-authors/" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Learn More</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" id="e-n-tab-content-207230742" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="e-n-tab-title-207230742" data-tab-index="2" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 2;" class=" elementor-element elementor-element-3f9ff33 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3f9ff33" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4d23c7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="4d23c7d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Submit a Paper</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9f37abd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="9f37abd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/OJPEL_Submission_Guidelines.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Submission Guidelines</a></p><p>All articles must be submitted through OJPEL’s submission site on IEEE Author Portal. Format the paper using the Transactions template found <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/authoring-tools-and-templates/tools-for-ieee-authors/ieee-article-templates/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>. Follow all guidelines on stylistic elements, such as abbreviations, equations, figures, and tables. Figures and tables must be placed inline at their relevant position in the text. Author names and affiliations are mandatory, but biographies are optional during the review process. When the paper is ready, submit it in PDF format. For information on <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/create-the-text-of-your-article/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">writing an abstract, using equations, publishing author names in native languages</a>, submitting <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/prepare-supplementary-materials/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">supplementary materials</a> (e.g., datasets, graphical abstracts, multimedia), and more, please visit the <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IEEE Author Center</a>.</p><p>If the article is accepted for publication, instructions containing the next steps will be sent by email. The author may be asked to upload final production-ready files. Shortly after they are uploaded, the author will receive an article proof for final review along with instructions on how to review the proof and submit corrections. Please note: major changes to the article (including the list of references) are not permitted after the article is accepted for publication. If there are any doubts about whether a modification is appropriate, please contact the Editor in Chief.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-052e81a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="052e81a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://ieee.atyponrex.com/journal/oj-pel" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Submit a Paper</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" id="e-n-tab-content-207230743" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="e-n-tab-title-207230743" data-tab-index="3" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 3;" class=" elementor-element elementor-element-973d0f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="973d0f7" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-eea9a74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="eea9a74" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Editorial Board</h3> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-3f45bab e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="3f45bab" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-9e0bb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="9e0bb7d" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9965ec7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="9965ec7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Editor in Chief</h5> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d0c19ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d0c19ba" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="color: #000000;"><b>Alan Mantooth<br /></b></span>Univ. of Arkansas (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d83cc5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="d83cc5b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Co-Editor in Chief</h5> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-ca2f667 e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="ca2f667" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-2ccdf0f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="2ccdf0f" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4cf4715 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4cf4715" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="color: #000000;"><b>Wenkang Huang<br /></b></span>Infineon Tech. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-941d7de e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="941d7de" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-bf372cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="bf372cc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Marco Liserre<br /></b>Christian-Albrechts-Univ. zu Kiel (Germany)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-3c77462 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3c77462" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cf965e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="cf965e9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Dehong Xu<br /></b>Zhejiang Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d783b17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="d783b17" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h5 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Associate Editors</h5> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-e1cb6b2 e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="e1cb6b2" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-c75acc8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="c75acc8" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-724a96a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="724a96a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="color: #000000;"><b>Nitin Agarwal<br /></b></span>Infineon Tech. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-b305640 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="b305640" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-250b33c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="250b33c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Al-Thaddeus Avestruz<br /></b>Univ. of Michigan (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-3d4dcd5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3d4dcd5" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ed9f17e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ed9f17e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Jennifer Bauman<br /></b>McMaster Univ. (Canada)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-5a485f1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5a485f1" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e52e50a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e52e50a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Tommaso Caldognetto<br /></b>Univ. of Padova (Italy)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-d2d9bad e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="d2d9bad" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d90743d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d90743d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Min Chen<br /></b>Zhejiang Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-eb0d7bc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="eb0d7bc" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d47c73c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d47c73c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Ui-Min Choi<br /></b>Seoul Natl. Univ. of Sci. and Tech. (South Korea)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-20812c3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="20812c3" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ea34483 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ea34483" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Shenghui Cui<br /></b>Seoul Natl. Univ. (South Korea)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-b43b86f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="b43b86f" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9979818 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="9979818" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Giovanni De Carne<br /></b>Karlsruhe Inst. of Tech. (Germany)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-a6ea7b1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="a6ea7b1" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4f2f7ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4f2f7ee" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><strong>Yan-Fei Liu</strong><br />Queen’s Univ. (Canada)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-d2952e7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="d2952e7" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ff2de0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ff2de0c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Xiong Du<br /></b>Chongqing Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-e9af518 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e9af518" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6272eae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6272eae" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Peng Fang<br /></b>Univ. of Minnesota – Duluth (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-18f55f2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="18f55f2" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-33cd309 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="33cd309" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Ignacio Galiano<br /></b>Univ. of Calgary (Canada)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-65c9cc9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="65c9cc9" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c88be53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c88be53" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Lei Gu<br /></b>Univ. of Pennsylvania (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-5322cbf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5322cbf" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e359fcf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e359fcf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Lijun Hang<br /></b>Hangzhou Dianzi Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-6cc339b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6cc339b" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-27c4cb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="27c4cb5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Liangzong He<br /></b>Xiamen Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-8a86098 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="8a86098" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-808c965 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="808c965" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Lina He<br /></b>Univ. of Illinois (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-daf92ba e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="daf92ba" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f128bb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f128bb5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Luis Herrera<br /></b>Univ. at Buffalo (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-476d6f4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="476d6f4" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-da129b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="da129b8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Marco Jung<br /></b>Fraunhofer Inst. for Energy Economics and Energy Systems (Germany)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-b55bad3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="b55bad3" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d5e2fb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d5e2fb2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Santanu Kapat<br /></b>Indian Inst. of Tech. – Karagpur (India)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-b6ad6af e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="b6ad6af" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-681e69b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="681e69b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Gregory Kish<br /></b>Univ. of Alberta (Canada)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-f414449 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="f414449" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8b006d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8b006d5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Philip Krein<br /></b>Univ. of Illinois (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-e26024b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e26024b" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4048e92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4048e92" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Chandan Kumar<br /></b>Indian Inst. of Tech. (India)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-088a942 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="088a942" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8a1da3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8a1da3b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Telles Lazzarin<br /></b>Univ. Federal de Santa Catarina (Brazil)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-84c7321 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="84c7321" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-80303c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="80303c0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Qin Lei<br /></b>Arizona State Univ. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-8b5604d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="8b5604d" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3e89b3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3e89b3a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Chushan Li<br /></b>Zhejiang Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-ffcf9c6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="ffcf9c6" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-00d9c01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="00d9c01" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Cong Li<br /></b>GE Global Research (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-155ffcd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="155ffcd" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-79ba042 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="79ba042" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Yicheng Liao<br /></b>Energinet (Denmark)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-d19778e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="d19778e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-60132cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="60132cd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Hongjian Lin<br /></b>City Univ. of Hong Kong (Hong Kong)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-9eaeef5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="9eaeef5" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8924e88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8924e88" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Zeng Liu<br /></b>Xi’an Jiaotong Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-e334bfa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e334bfa" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5926c40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5926c40" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Rafael Pena-Alzola<br /></b>Univ. of Strathclyde (UK)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-2f5d33e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2f5d33e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7afeeda elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7afeeda" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Edris Pouresmaeil<br /></b>Aalto Univ. (Finland)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-e390182 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e390182" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2f0adc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2f0adc8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Yaxiao Qin<br /></b>Analog Devices, Inc. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-35c8b00 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="35c8b00" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ef91918 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ef91918" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Lin Qiu<br /></b>Zhejiang Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-a5f5c07 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="a5f5c07" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2f21bff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2f21bff" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Marium Rasheed<br /></b>Ford Motor Comp. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-d58a7ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="d58a7ca" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-146744d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="146744d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Deepak Ronanki<br /></b>Indian Inst. of Tech. – Madras (India)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-c83def0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c83def0" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-35c12b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="35c12b4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Gab-Su Seo<br /></b>Natl. Renewable Energy Lab. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-8f3fc6d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="8f3fc6d" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d74e8b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d74e8b1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Yam Siwakoti<br /></b>Univ. of Tech. Sydney (Australia)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-c80e3b0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c80e3b0" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-240866e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="240866e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Xiaoqing Song<br /></b>ABB Inc. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-4e15355 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4e15355" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-239c8b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="239c8b5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Hani Vahedi<br /></b>Delft Univ. of Tech. (Netherlands)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-a36b942 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="a36b942" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4b06d4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4b06d4f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Keiji Wada<br /></b>Tokyo Metro. Univ. (Japan)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-14b8ab0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="14b8ab0" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-47b44cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="47b44cd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Cheng Wang<br /></b>Nanjing Univ. of Sci. and Tech. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-48a6d29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="48a6d29" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5b91a6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5b91a6a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Ruxi Wang<br /></b>Delta Electronics (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-0c65155 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="0c65155" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-887e4af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="887e4af" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Qiang Wei<br /></b>Lakehead Univ. (Canada)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-dabf1cf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="dabf1cf" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5e03915 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5e03915" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Lingxiao Xue<br /></b><span style="background-color: var( --e-global-color-accent );">Navitas Semiconductors (USA)</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-fe8f5c3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="fe8f5c3" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-685fbe5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="685fbe5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Yingyi Yan<br /></b>Analog Devices, Inc. (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-10e579e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="10e579e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c98eb6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c98eb6a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Xiu Yao<br /></b>Univ. at Buffalo (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-fe68634 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="fe68634" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1957b2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1957b2e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Jin Ye<br /></b>Univ. of Georgia (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-aab6f56 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="aab6f56" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0e12894 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="0e12894" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Sang Won Yoon<br /></b>Seoul Natl. Univ. (South Korea)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-edcee06 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="edcee06" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a271c73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a271c73" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Navid Zargari<br /></b>Rockwell Automation (Canada)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-f90c5c0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="f90c5c0" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-afdab61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="afdab61" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Li Zhang<br /></b>Nanyang Tech. Univ. (Singapore)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-4191dea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4191dea" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3598939 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3598939" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Xin Zhang<br /></b>Zhejiang Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-539ed4a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="539ed4a" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a21daf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a21daf8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Yongchang Zhang<br /></b>North China Electric Power Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-a391455 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="a391455" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4b055e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4b055e8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Hang Zhao<br /></b>Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Tech. (Hong Kong)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-6bb65eb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6bb65eb" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5d94149 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5d94149" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Hongbo Zhao<br /></b>Aalborg Univ. (Denmark)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-e52f8a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e52f8a3" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4f8d9e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4f8d9e1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Yue Zhao<br /></b>Univ. of Arkansas (USA)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-element elementor-element-fbbcb9e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="fbbcb9e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-872a767 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="872a767" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Zhixiang Zou<br /></b>Southeast Univ. (China)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" id="e-n-tab-content-207230744" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="e-n-tab-title-207230744" data-tab-index="4" style="--n-tabs-title-order: 4;" class=" elementor-element elementor-element-e0d6ecc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e0d6ecc" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5d2c392 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5d2c392" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Contact Information</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9cd8704 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="9cd8704" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p style="font-weight: 500;">For more information, please contact Editor-in-Chief <a href="mailto:mantooth@uark.edu">H. 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