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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Production subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Casting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Casting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Filming </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ebsen_replaced_by_Haley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ebsen_replaced_by_Haley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.1 Ebsen replaced by Haley </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ebsen_replaced_by_Haley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-George_Cukor's_brief_stint" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#George_Cukor's_brief_stint"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2 George Cukor's brief stint </div> </a> <ul id="toc-George_Cukor's_brief_stint-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Victor_Fleming,_the_main_director" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victor_Fleming,_the_main_director"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.3 Victor Fleming, the main director </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Victor_Fleming,_the_main_director-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On-set_treatment_and_abuse_allegations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On-set_treatment_and_abuse_allegations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.4 On-set treatment and abuse allegations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On-set_treatment_and_abuse_allegations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_effects,_makeup_and_costumes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_effects,_makeup_and_costumes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Special effects, makeup and costumes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_effects,_makeup_and_costumes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Music </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Music-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Music subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Songs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Songs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Songs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Songs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deleted_songs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deleted_songs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Deleted songs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deleted_songs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Underscoring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Underscoring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Underscoring </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Underscoring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Post-production </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Release </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Release-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Release subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Original_theatrical_run" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Original_theatrical_run"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Original theatrical run </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Original_theatrical_run-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Home_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Home media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Re-releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Re-releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Re-releases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Re-releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Reception </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critical_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Critical response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Box_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Box_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Box office </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Box_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Legacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Awards and honors </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Awards and honors subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Academy_Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academy_Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Academy Awards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academy_Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Film_Institute_lists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Film_Institute_lists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 American Film Institute lists </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Film_Institute_lists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Other honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sequels_and_reinterpretations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sequels_and_reinterpretations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Sequels and reinterpretations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sequels_and_reinterpretations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Cultural impact </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Cultural impact subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ruby_slippers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ruby_slippers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Ruby slippers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ruby_slippers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dorothy's_dress_and_other_costumes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dorothy's_dress_and_other_costumes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Dorothy's dress and other costumes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dorothy's_dress_and_other_costumes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theme_park_attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theme_park_attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.3 Theme park attractions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theme_park_attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">The Wizard of Oz</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" > 51 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B2_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85_1939)" title="ساحر أوز (فيلم 1939) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ساحر أوز (فيلم 1939)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oz_%C3%B6lk%C9%99sinin_cadug%C9%99ri_(film)" title="Oz ölkəsinin cadugəri (film) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Oz ölkəsinin cadugəri (film)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%9C_(%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%AF-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0)" title="দ্য উইজার্ড অব অজ (১৯৩৯-এর চলচ্চিত্র) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দ্য উইজার্ড অব অজ (১৯৩৯-এর চলচ্চিত্র)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%82_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9E%D0%B7" title="Магьосникът от Оз – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Магьосникът от Оз" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Carobnjak_iz_Oza_(1939)" title="Čarobnjak iz Oza (1939) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Čarobnjak iz Oza (1939)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_m%C3%A0gic_d%27Oz_(pel%C2%B7l%C3%ADcula)" title="El màgic d'Oz (pel·lícula) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="El màgic d'Oz (pel·lícula)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wizard of Oz – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="The Wizard of Oz" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troldmanden_fra_Oz_(film)" title="Troldmanden fra Oz (film) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Troldmanden fra Oz (film)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Zauberer_von_Oz_(1939)" title="Der Zauberer von Oz (1939) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Der Zauberer von Oz (1939)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B5lur_Oz_(film_1939)" title="Võlur Oz (film 1939) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Võlur Oz (film 1939)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F_%CE%9C%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9F%CE%B6_(%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Ο Μάγος του Οζ (ταινία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ο Μάγος του Οζ (ταινία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_mago_de_Oz" title="El mago de Oz – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="El mago de Oz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Sor%C4%89isto_de_Oz" title="La Sorĉisto de Oz – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="La Sorĉisto de Oz" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939ko_filma)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939ko filma) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="The Wizard of Oz (1939ko filma)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B2_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85_%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B3%DB%B9)" title="جادوگر شهر از (فیلم ۱۹۳۹) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جادوگر شهر از (فیلم ۱۹۳۹)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Magicien_d%27Oz_(film,_1939)" title="Le Magicien d'Oz (film, 1939) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Le Magicien d'Oz (film, 1939)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(scann%C3%A1n)" title="The Wizard of Oz (scannán) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="The Wizard of Oz (scannán)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(filme_de_1939)" title="The Wizard of Oz (filme de 1939) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="The Wizard of Oz (filme de 1939)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%A6%88%EC%9D%98_%EB%A7%88%EB%B2%95%EC%82%AC_(1939%EB%85%84_%EC%98%81%ED%99%94)" title="오즈의 마법사 (1939년 영화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오즈의 마법사 (1939년 영화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Carobnjak_iz_Oza_(1939.)" title="Čarobnjak iz Oza (1939.) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Čarobnjak iz Oza (1939.)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(film_1939)" title="The Wizard of Oz (film 1939) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="The Wizard of Oz (film 1939)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il_mago_di_Oz_(film_1939)" title="Il mago di Oz (film 1939) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Il mago di Oz (film 1939)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A5_(%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%98)" title="הקוסם מארץ עוץ (סרט) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הקוסם מארץ עוץ (סרט)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_(1939_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98)" title="ოზის ჯადოქარი (1939 წლის ფილმი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოზის ჯადოქარი (1939 წლის ფილმი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wizard of Oz – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="The Wizard of Oz" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Magicien_d%27Oz_(fim,_1939)" title="Le Magicien d'Oz (fim, 1939) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Le Magicien d'Oz (fim, 1939)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oza_zemes_burvis_(filma)" title="Oza zemes burvis (filma) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Oza zemes burvis (filma)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93z,_a_csod%C3%A1k_csod%C3%A1ja_(film)" title="Óz, a csodák csodája (film) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Óz, a csodák csodája (film)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9E%D0%B7" title="Волшебникот од Оз – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Волшебникот од Оз" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ദ വിസെഡ് ഒവ് ഒസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദ വിസെഡ് ഒവ് ഒസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85_1939)" title="ساحر اوز (فيلم 1939) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساحر اوز (فيلم 1939)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(filem)" title="The Wizard of Oz (filem) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="The Wizard of Oz (filem)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wizard of Oz – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="The Wizard of Oz" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%BA%E3%81%AE%E9%AD%94%E6%B3%95%E4%BD%BF" title="オズの魔法使 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オズの魔法使" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trollmannen_fra_Oz_(film)" title="Trollmannen fra Oz (film) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Trollmannen fra Oz (film)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czarnoksi%C4%99%C5%BCnik_z_Oz" title="Czarnoksiężnik z Oz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czarnoksiężnik z Oz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="The Wizard of Oz (1939)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vr%C4%83jitorul_din_Oz_(film_din_1939)" title="Vrăjitorul din Oz (film din 1939) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vrăjitorul din Oz (film din 1939)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%9E%D0%B7_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC,_1939)" title="Волшебник страны Оз (фильм, 1939) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Волшебник страны Оз (фильм, 1939)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/landaway-ye-syen-cung_(%E7%B6%A0%E9%87%8E%E4%BB%99%E8%B9%A4)" title="landaway-ye-syen-cung (綠野仙蹤) – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="landaway-ye-syen-cung (綠野仙蹤)" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wizard of Oz – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="The Wizard of Oz" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Carovnik_iz_Oza_(film,_1939)" title="Čarovnik iz Oza (film, 1939) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Čarovnik iz Oza (film, 1939)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%B7_1939)" title="Чаробњак из Оза (филм из 1939) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Чаробњак из Оза (филм из 1939)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(film,_1939)" title="The Wizard of Oz (film, 1939) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="The Wizard of Oz (film, 1939)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihmemaa_Oz_(vuoden_1939_elokuva)" title="Ihmemaa Oz (vuoden 1939 elokuva) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ihmemaa Oz (vuoden 1939 elokuva)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trollkarlen_fr%C3%A5n_Oz" title="Trollkarlen från Oz – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Trollkarlen från Oz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B_(%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2482)" title="เดอะวิซาร์ดออฟออซ (ภาพยนตร์ พ.ศ. 2482) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เดอะวิซาร์ดออฟออซ (ภาพยนตร์ พ.ศ. 2482)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oz_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCc%C3%BCs%C3%BC_(film,_1939)" title="Oz Büyücüsü (film, 1939) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Oz Büyücüsü (film, 1939)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%B7_(%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC,_1939)" title="Чарівник країни Оз (фільм, 1939) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чарівник країни Оз (фільм, 1939)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wizard of Oz – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="The Wizard of Oz" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E9%87%8E%E4%BB%99%E8%B9%A4_(1939%E5%B9%B4%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1)" title="綠野仙蹤 (1939年電影) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="綠野仙蹤 (1939年電影)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193695#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1939 film based on the book by L. Frank Baum</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 1939 film. For the book, see <a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="The Wizard of Oz (disambiguation)">The Wizard of Oz (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">The Wizard of Oz</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg/220px-Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg/330px-Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg/440px-Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1399" data-file-height="2093" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Fleming" title="Victor Fleming">Victor Fleming</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Langley" title="Noel Langley">Noel Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Ryerson" title="Florence Ryerson">Florence Ryerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Woolf" title="Edgar Allan Woolf">Edgar Allan Woolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Based on</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> (1900 children's novel) by <a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mervyn_LeRoy" title="Mervyn LeRoy">Mervyn LeRoy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Morgan" title="Frank Morgan">Frank Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hamilton_(actress)" title="Margaret Hamilton (actress)">Margaret Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Grapewin" title="Charley Grapewin">Charley Grapewin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munchkin#1939_film" title="Munchkin">The Munchkins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Rosson" title="Harold Rosson">Harold Rosson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Sewell" title="Blanche Sewell">Blanche Sewell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Stothart" title="Herbert Stothart">Herbert Stothart</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Loews_Cineplex_Entertainment" title="Loews Cineplex Entertainment">Loew's, Inc.</a><a href="#cite_note-afi-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release dates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>August 10, 1939 (1939-08-10) (<a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay</a>)</li> <li>August 25, 1939 (1939-08-25) (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">102 minutes<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$2.8 million<a href="#cite_note-Mannix-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-BOM-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$29.7 million</td></tr></tbody></table> The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical</a> <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">fantasy film</a> produced by <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> (MGM). An adaptation of <a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a>'s 1900 children's fantasy novel <a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a>, it was primarily directed by <a href="/wiki/Victor_Fleming" title="Victor Fleming">Victor Fleming</a>, who left production to take over the troubled <a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a>. It stars <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Morgan" title="Frank Morgan">Frank Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hamilton_(actress)" title="Margaret Hamilton (actress)">Margaret Hamilton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Noel_Langley" title="Noel Langley">Noel Langley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florence_Ryerson" title="Florence Ryerson">Florence Ryerson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Woolf" title="Edgar Allan Woolf">Edgar Allan Woolf</a> received credit for the screenplay, while others made uncredited contributions. The music was composed by <a href="/wiki/Harold_Arlen" title="Harold Arlen">Harold Arlen</a> and adapted by <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Stothart" title="Herbert Stothart">Herbert Stothart</a>, with lyrics by <a href="/wiki/Yip_Harburg" title="Yip Harburg">Edgar "Yip" Harburg</a>. The Wizard of Oz is celebrated for its use of <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a>, fantasy storytelling, musical score, and memorable characters.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> It was a critical success and was nominated for five <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>, winning <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Song" title="Academy Award for Best Original Song">Best Original Song</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow" title="Over the Rainbow">Over the Rainbow</a>" and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Best Original Score</a> for Stothart; an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Juvenile_Award" title="Academy Juvenile Award">Academy Juvenile Award</a> was presented to Judy Garland.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> While the film was sufficiently popular at the box office, it failed to make a profit for MGM until its 1949 re-release, earning only $3 million on a $2.7 million budget, making it MGM's most expensive production at the time.<a href="#cite_note-Mannix-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_on_television" title="The Wizard of Oz on television">1956 television broadcast premiere of the film</a> on <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> reintroduced the film to the public. According to the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, it is the most seen film in movie history.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Library_of_Congress-10">[10]</a> In 1989, it was selected by the Library of Congress as one of the first 25 films for preservation in the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant";<a href="#cite_note-registrylist1-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> it is also one of the few films on <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Memory_of_the_World_Programme#Memory_of_the_World_Register" title="Memory of the World Programme">Memory of the World Register</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> The film was ranked second in <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>'s inaugural 100 Greatest Movies of All Time list published in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-variety.com-14">[14]</a> It was among the top ten in the 2005 BFI (<a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>) list of "50 films to be seen by the age of 14" and is on the BFI's updated list of "50 films to be seen by the age of 15" released in May 2020.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The Wizard of Oz has become the source of many quotes referenced in contemporary popular culture. The film frequently ranks on critics' lists of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_films_considered_the_best" class="mw-redirect" title="List of films considered the best">greatest films of all time</a> and is the most commercially successful adaptation of Baum's work.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_Terry_1939.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_Terry_1939.jpg/180px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_Terry_1939.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_Terry_1939.jpg/270px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_Terry_1939.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_Terry_1939.jpg/360px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_Terry_1939.jpg 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="774" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> as Dorothy Gale and <a href="/wiki/Terry_(dog)" title="Terry (dog)">Terry</a> as <a href="/wiki/Toto_(Oz)" title="Toto (Oz)">Toto</a></figcaption></figure> In rural <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Gale" title="Dorothy Gale">Dorothy Gale</a> lives on a farm owned by her Uncle Henry and Aunt Em. Dorothy's neighbor, Almira Gulch, who had been bitten by Dorothy's dog, Toto, obtains a sheriff's order authorizing her to seize Toto. Toto escapes and returns to Dorothy, who runs away to protect him. Professor Marvel, a charlatan fortune-teller, persuades Dorothy to go home because Aunt Em is heartbroken. She returns just as a tornado approaches the farm. Unable to get into the locked storm cellar, Dorothy takes cover in the farmhouse and is knocked unconscious as the tornado lifts the house and drops it intact onto an unknown land. Dorothy awakens and is greeted by a good witch named <a href="/wiki/Glinda" title="Glinda">Glinda</a>, who floats down in a bubble and explains that Dorothy has landed in Munchkinland in the <a href="/wiki/Land_of_Oz" title="Land of Oz">Land of Oz</a>, and that the Munchkins are celebrating because the house landed on the <a href="/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_East" title="Wicked Witch of the East">Wicked Witch of the East</a>. Her sister, the <a href="/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_West" title="Wicked Witch of the West">Wicked Witch of the West</a>, suddenly appears. Before she can seize her deceased sister's <a href="/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">ruby slippers</a>, Glinda magically transports them onto Dorothy's feet and tells her to keep them on. Because the Wicked Witch has no power in Munchkinland, she leaves, but swears vengeance upon Dorothy and Toto. Glinda tells Dorothy to follow the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_brick_road" title="Yellow brick road">yellow brick road</a> to the Emerald City, the home of the <a href="/wiki/Wizard_of_Oz_(character)" title="Wizard of Oz (character)">Wizard of Oz</a>, as he might know how to help her return home as the bubble makes her vanish and float away. Along the way, Dorothy meets the <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)" title="Scarecrow (Oz)">Scarecrow</a>, who wants a brain; the <a href="/wiki/Tin_Woodman" title="Tin Woodman">Tin Man</a>, who wants a heart; and the <a href="/wiki/Cowardly_Lion" title="Cowardly Lion">Cowardly Lion</a>, who wants courage. The group reaches the Emerald City, despite the efforts of the Wicked Witch. Dorothy is initially denied an audience with the Wizard by his guard, but the guard relents due to Dorothy's grief, and the four are led into the Wizard's chambers. The Wizard appears as a giant ghostly head and tells them he will grant their wishes if they bring him the Wicked Witch's broomstick. During their quest, Dorothy and Toto are captured by <a href="/wiki/Winged_monkeys" title="Winged monkeys">flying monkeys</a> and taken to the Wicked Witch, but the ruby slippers protect her and Toto manages to escape, leading the Scarecrow, Tin Man, and Cowardly Lion to the castle. They free Dorothy, but are pursued and finally cornered by the Witch and her guards. The Witch taunts them and sets fire to the Scarecrow's arm. When Dorothy throws a bucket of water onto the Scarecrow, she inadvertently splashes the Witch, causing her to melt away. The Witch's guards gratefully give Dorothy her broomstick, and the four return to the Wizard, but he tells them to return tomorrow. When Toto pulls back a curtain, the "Wizard" is revealed to be an ordinary man operating machinery that projects a ghostly image of his face. The four travelers confront the Wizard, who insists he is a good man at heart, but confesses to being a humbug. He then "grants" the wishes of Dorothy's three friends by giving them tokens to confirm that they have the qualities they sought. The Wizard reveals that he, like Dorothy, is from Kansas and accidentally arrived in Oz in a hot air balloon. When he offers to take Dorothy back to Kansas with him aboard his balloon, she accepts, but Toto jumps off and Dorothy goes after him, and the balloon accidentally lifts off with just the Wizard aboard. Glinda reappears and tells Dorothy she always had the power to return to Kansas using the ruby slippers, but had to find that out for herself. After sharing a tearful farewell with her friends, Dorothy heeds Glinda's instructions by tapping her heels three times and repeating, "There's no place like home." Dorothy is transported back to Kansas, where she awakens in her own bed. Aunt Em attends to her while Uncle Henry and the farm hands stand by. Professor Marvel stops in as Dorothy describes Oz, telling the farm hands and the Professor they were there too, and they smile, humoring her. As Dorothy hugs Toto, she gratefully exclaims, "Oh, Auntie Em, there's no place like home!" <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast">edit</a>]</div> In the film's end credits, whenever a Kansas character has a counterpart in Oz, only the Kansas character is listed. For example, Frank Morgan is listed as playing Professor Marvel, but not the Wizard of Oz. The only Oz characters listed in the credits are Glinda and the Munchkins. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg/180px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg/270px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg/360px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption> Left to right: The Cowardly Lion, Dorothy, the Scarecrow, and the Tin Man</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> as <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Gale" title="Dorothy Gale">Dorothy Gale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Morgan" title="Frank Morgan">Frank Morgan</a> as Professor Marvel and <a href="/wiki/Wizard_of_Oz_(character)" title="Wizard of Oz (character)">the Wizard of Oz</a>, the Gatekeeper, the Carriage Driver, and the Guard at the Wizard's door</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> as "Hunk", a farmhand, and the <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)" title="Scarecrow (Oz)">Scarecrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a> as "Zeke", a farmhand, and the <a href="/wiki/Cowardly_Lion" title="Cowardly Lion">Cowardly Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a> as "Hickory", a farmhand, and the <a href="/wiki/Tin_Woodman" title="Tin Woodman">Tin Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a> as <a href="/wiki/Glinda" title="Glinda">Glinda</a>, the Good Witch of the North</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hamilton_(actress)" title="Margaret Hamilton (actress)">Margaret Hamilton</a> as Almira Gulch and the <a href="/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_West" title="Wicked Witch of the West">Wicked Witch of the West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Grapewin" title="Charley Grapewin">Charley Grapewin</a> as <a href="/wiki/Uncle_Henry_(Oz)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncle Henry (Oz)">Uncle Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Walshe" title="Pat Walshe">Pat Walshe</a> as Nikko</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Blandick" title="Clara Blandick">Clara Blandick</a> as <a href="/wiki/Aunt_Em" title="Aunt Em">Aunt Em</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_(dog)" title="Terry (dog)">Terry</a> as <a href="/wiki/Toto_(Oz)" title="Toto (Oz)">Toto</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Leo_Singer" title="Leo Singer">Singer</a> Midgets as The Munchkins (See <a href="/wiki/Munchkin#Actors_and_actresses" title="Munchkin">Munchkin § Actors and actresses</a>)</li></ul> Uncredited <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Lewis_(actor)" title="Mitchell Lewis (actor)">Mitchell Lewis</a> as the Winkie Guard Captain<a href="#cite_note-MLewis-17">[17]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriana_Caselotti" title="Adriana Caselotti">Adriana Caselotti</a> as the voice of <a href="/wiki/Juliet" title="Juliet">Juliet</a> in the Tin Man's song "<a href="/wiki/If_I_Only_Had_a_Heart" class="mw-redirect" title="If I Only Had a Heart">If I Only Had a Heart</a>"<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candy_Candido" title="Candy Candido">Candy Candido</a> as the voice of the angry apple tree<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</div> Production on the film began when <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a> (1937) showed that films adapted from popular children's stories and fairytales could be successful.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke2-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic-22">[22]</a> In January 1938, <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> bought the rights to L. Frank Baum's popular novel <a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> from <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Goldwyn" title="Samuel Goldwyn">Samuel Goldwyn</a>. Goldwyn had considered making the film as a vehicle for <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Cantor" title="Eddie Cantor">Eddie Cantor</a>, who was under contract to <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Goldwyn_Productions" title="Samuel Goldwyn Productions">Samuel Goldwyn Productions</a> and whom Goldwyn wanted to cast as the Scarecrow.<a href="#cite_note-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic-22">[22]</a> The script went through several writers and revisions.<a href="#cite_note-Harmetz-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mervyn_LeRoy" title="Mervyn LeRoy">Mervyn LeRoy</a>'s assistant, <a href="/wiki/William_Cannon_(director)" title="William Cannon (director)">William H. Cannon</a>, had submitted a brief four-page outline.<a href="#cite_note-Harmetz-23">[23]</a> Because recent fantasy films had not fared well, he recommended toning down or removing the magical elements. In his outline, the Scarecrow was a man so stupid that the only employment open to him was scaring crows from cornfields, and the Tin Woodman was a criminal so heartless that he was sentenced to be placed in a tin suit for eternity. This torture softened him into somebody gentler and kinder.<a href="#cite_note-Harmetz-23">[23]</a> Cannon's vision was similar to <a href="/wiki/Larry_Semon" title="Larry Semon">Larry Semon</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1925_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1925 film)">1925 film adaptation</a>, in which the magical elements are absent. Afterward, LeRoy hired screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Herman_J._Mankiewicz" title="Herman J. Mankiewicz">Herman J. Mankiewicz</a>, who delivered a 17-page draft of the Kansas scenes. A few weeks later, Mankiewicz delivered a further 56 pages. LeRoy also hired <a href="/wiki/Noel_Langley" title="Noel Langley">Noel Langley</a> and poet <a href="/wiki/Ogden_Nash" title="Ogden Nash">Ogden Nash</a> to write separate versions of the story. None of these three knew about the others, and this was not an uncommon procedure. Nash delivered a four-page outline; Langley turned in a 43-page treatment and a full film script. Langley then turned in three more scripts, this time incorporating the songs written by <a href="/wiki/Harold_Arlen" title="Harold Arlen">Harold Arlen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yip_Harburg" title="Yip Harburg">Yip Harburg</a>. <a href="/wiki/Florence_Ryerson" title="Florence Ryerson">Florence Ryerson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Woolf" title="Edgar Allan Woolf">Edgar Allan Woolf</a> submitted a script and were brought on board to touch up the writing. They were asked to ensure that the story stayed true to Baum's book. However, producer <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> was unhappy with their work and reassigned it to Langley.<a href="#cite_note-Coan-24">[24]</a> During filming, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Fleming" title="Victor Fleming">Victor Fleming</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Lee_Mahin" title="John Lee Mahin">John Lee Mahin</a> revised the script further, adding and cutting some scenes. Haley and Lahr are also known to have written some of their dialogue for the Kansas sequence. They completed the final draft of the script on October 8, 1938, following numerous rewrites.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-25">[25]</a> Others who contributed to the adaptation without credit include <a href="/wiki/Irving_Brecher" title="Irving Brecher">Irving Brecher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Fields" title="Herbert Fields">Herbert Fields</a>, Arthur Freed, Yip Harburg, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hoffenstein" title="Samuel Hoffenstein">Samuel Hoffenstein</a>, Jack Mintz, Sid Silvers, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Thorpe" title="Richard Thorpe">Richard Thorpe</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a>. Only Langley, Ryerson, and Woolf were credited for the script.<a href="#cite_note-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic-22">[22]</a> In addition, songwriter Harburg's son (and biographer) Ernie Harburg reported: <blockquote> So anyhow, Yip also wrote all the dialogue in that time and the setup to the songs and he also wrote the part where they give out the heart, the brains, and the nerve, because he was the final script editor. And he – there was eleven screenwriters on that – and he pulled the whole thing together, wrote his own lines and gave the thing a coherence and unity which made it a work of art. But he doesn't get credit for that. He gets lyrics by E. Y. Harburg, you see. But nevertheless, he put his influence on the thing.<a href="#cite_note-democracynow.org-26">[26]</a> </blockquote> The original producers thought that a 1939 audience was too sophisticated to accept Oz as a straight-ahead fantasy; therefore, it was reconceived as a lengthy, elaborate <a href="/wiki/Dream_sequence" title="Dream sequence">dream sequence</a>. Because they perceived a need to attract a youthful audience by appealing to modern fads and styles, the score had featured a song called "The Jitterbug", and the script had featured a scene with a series of musical contests. A spoiled, selfish princess in Oz had outlawed all forms of music except classical music and <a href="/wiki/Operetta" title="Operetta">operetta</a>. The princess challenged Dorothy to a singing contest, in which Dorothy's <a href="/wiki/Swing_music" title="Swing music">swing</a> style enchanted listeners and won the grand prize. This part was initially written for <a href="/wiki/Betty_Jaynes_(actress)" title="Betty Jaynes (actress)">Betty Jaynes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> but was later dropped. Another scene, which was removed before final script approval and never filmed, was an epilogue scene in Kansas after Dorothy's return. Hunk (the Kansan counterpart to the Scarecrow) is leaving for an agricultural college, and extracts a promise from Dorothy to write to him. The scene implies that romance will eventually develop between the two, which also may have been intended as an explanation for Dorothy's partiality for the Scarecrow over her other two companions. This plot idea was never totally dropped, and is especially noticeable in the final script when Dorothy, just before she is to leave Oz, tells the Scarecrow, "I think I'll miss you most of all."<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Much attention was given to the use of color in the production, with the MGM production crew favoring some hues over others. It took the studio's art department almost a week to settle on the shade of yellow used for the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_brick_road" title="Yellow brick road">Yellow Brick Road</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casting">Casting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Casting">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Munchkin#1939_film" title="Munchkin">Munchkin § 1939 film</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_1939.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_1939.jpg/181px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_1939.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_1939.jpg/272px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_1939.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_1939.jpg/362px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_Judy_Garland_1939.jpg 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="870" /></a><figcaption>Judy Garland as Dorothy</figcaption></figure> Several actresses were reportedly considered for the part of Dorothy, including <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Temple" title="Shirley Temple">Shirley Temple</a> from <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Century Fox">20th Century Fox</a>, at the time, the most prominent child star; <a href="/wiki/Deanna_Durbin" title="Deanna Durbin">Deanna Durbin</a>, a relative newcomer, with a recognized operatic voice; and <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, the most experienced of the three. Officially, the decision to cast Garland was attributed to contractual issues. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddy_Ebsen_Tin_Man.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Buddy_Ebsen_Tin_Man.jpg/180px-Buddy_Ebsen_Tin_Man.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Buddy_Ebsen_Tin_Man.jpg/270px-Buddy_Ebsen_Tin_Man.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/71/Buddy_Ebsen_Tin_Man.jpg 2x" data-file-width="276" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Ebsen's costume test as the Tin Man</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> was originally cast as the Tin Man and <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Ebsen" title="Buddy Ebsen">Buddy Ebsen</a> was to play the Scarecrow.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-25">[25]</a> Bolger, however, longed to play the Scarecrow, as his childhood idol <a href="/wiki/Fred_Stone" title="Fred Stone">Fred Stone</a> had done <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1902_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1902 musical)">on stage in 1902</a>; with that very performance, Stone had inspired him to become a vaudevillian in the first place. Now unhappy with his role as the Tin Man (reportedly claiming, "I'm not a tin performer; I'm fluid"), Bolger convinced producer Mervyn LeRoy to recast him in the part he so desired.<a href="#cite_note-cemeteryguide.com-30">[30]</a> Ebsen did not object; after going over the basics of the Scarecrow's distinctive gait with Bolger (as a professional dancer, Ebsen had been cast because the studio was confident he would be up to the task of replicating the famous "wobbly-walk" of Stone's Scarecrow), he recorded all of his songs, went through all the rehearsals as the Tin Man and began filming with the rest of the cast.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <a href="/wiki/W._C._Fields" title="W. C. Fields">W. C. Fields</a> was originally chosen for the title role of the Wizard (after <a href="/wiki/Ed_Wynn" title="Ed Wynn">Ed Wynn</a> turned it down, considering the part "too small"), but the studio could not meet Fields' fee.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Beery" title="Wallace Beery">Wallace Beery</a> lobbied for the role, but the studio refused to spare him during the long shooting schedule. Instead, another contract player, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Morgan" title="Frank Morgan">Frank Morgan</a>, was cast on September 22. Veteran <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a> performer <a href="/wiki/Pat_Walshe" title="Pat Walshe">Pat Walshe</a> was best known for his performance as various monkeys in many theater productions and circus shows. He was cast as Nikko, the head <a href="/wiki/Winged_Monkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Winged Monkey">Winged Monkey</a>, on September 28, traveling to MGM studios on October 3. An extensive talent search produced over a hundred <a href="/wiki/Dwarfism" title="Dwarfism">little people</a> to play Munchkins; this meant that most of the film's Oz sequences would have to be shot before work on the Munchkinland sequence could begin. According to Munchkin actor <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Maren" title="Jerry Maren">Jerry Maren</a>, the little people were each paid over $125 a week (equivalent to $2,700 today). <a href="/wiki/Meinhardt_Raabe" title="Meinhardt Raabe">Meinhardt Raabe</a>, who played the coroner, revealed in the 1990 documentary The Making of the Wizard of Oz that the MGM costume and wardrobe department, under the direction of designer <a href="/wiki/Adrian_(costume_designer)" title="Adrian (costume designer)">Adrian</a>, had to design over 100 costumes for the Munchkin sequences. They photographed and cataloged each Munchkin in their costume so they could consistently apply the same costume and makeup each day of production. <a href="/wiki/Gale_Sondergaard" title="Gale Sondergaard">Gale Sondergaard</a> was originally cast as the Wicked Witch of the West, but withdrew from the role when the witch's persona shifted from sly and glamorous (thought to emulate the <a href="/wiki/Evil_Queen_(Disney)" title="Evil Queen (Disney)">Evil Queen</a> in Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs) to the familiar "ugly hag".<a href="#cite_note-Nissen2007-33">[33]</a> She was replaced on October 10, 1938, just three days before filming started, by MGM contract player <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hamilton_(actress)" title="Margaret Hamilton (actress)">Margaret Hamilton</a>. Sondergaard said in an interview for a bonus feature on the DVD that she had no regrets about turning down the part. Sondergaard would go on to play a glamorous feline villainess in <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Century Fox">Fox</a>'s version of <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maurice Maeterlinck</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Bird_(1940_film)" title="The Blue Bird (1940 film)">The Blue Bird</a> in 1940.<a href="#cite_note-Lev2013-34">[34]</a> Hamilton played a role remarkably similar to the Wicked Witch in the Judy Garland film <a href="/wiki/Babes_in_Arms_(film)" title="Babes in Arms (film)">Babes in Arms</a> (1939). According to Aljean Harmetz, the "gone-to-seed" coat worn by Morgan as the Wizard was selected from a rack of coats purchased from a second-hand shop. According to legend, Morgan later discovered a label in the coat indicating it had once belonged to Baum, Baum's widow confirmed this, and the coat was eventually presented to her. However, Baum biographer <a href="/wiki/Michael_Patrick_Hearn" title="Michael Patrick Hearn">Michael Patrick Hearn</a> says the Baum family denies ever seeing the coat or knowing of the story; Hamilton considered it a rumor concocted by the studio.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filming">Filming</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Filming">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ebsen_replaced_by_Haley">Ebsen replaced by Haley</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ebsen replaced by Haley">edit</a>]</div> The production faced the challenge of creating the Tin Man's costume. Several tests were done to find the right makeup and clothes for Ebsen.<a href="#cite_note-Care_45–47-36">[36]</a> Ten days into the shoot, Ebsen suffered a toxic reaction after repeatedly inhaling the aluminum dust (which his daughter, Kiki Ebsen, has said the studio misrepresented as an "allergic reaction") in the aluminum powder makeup he wore, though he did recall taking a breath one night without suffering any immediate effects. He was hospitalized in critical condition and was subsequently forced to leave the project. In a later interview (included on the 2005 DVD release of The Wizard of Oz), he recalled that the studio heads appreciated the seriousness of his illness only after he was hospitalized. Filming halted while a replacement for him was sought. No footage of Ebsen as the Tin Man has ever been released – only photos taken during filming and makeup tests. His replacement, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a>, assumed Ebsen had been fired.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The makeup used for Haley was quietly changed to an aluminum paste, with a layer of clown white greasepaint underneath, in order to protect his skin. Although it did not have the same dire effect on Haley, he did at one point suffer an eye infection from it. To keep down on production costs, Haley only rerecorded "If I Only Had a Heart" and solo lines during "If I Only Had the Nerve" and the scrapped song "The Jitterbug"; as such, Ebsen's voice can still be heard in the remaining songs featuring the Tin Man in group vocals. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="George_Cukor's_brief_stint">George Cukor's brief stint</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: George Cukor's brief stint">edit</a>]</div> LeRoy, after reviewing the footage and feeling Thorpe was rushing the production, adversely affecting the actors' performances, had Thorpe replaced. During reorganization on the production, <a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> temporarily took over under LeRoy's guidance. Initially, the studio had made Garland wear a blonde wig and heavy "baby-doll" makeup, and she played Dorothy in an exaggerated fashion. Cukor changed Garland's and Hamilton's makeup and costumes, and told Garland to "be herself". This meant that all the scenes Garland and Hamilton had already completed had to be reshot. Cukor also suggested the studio cast Jack Haley, on loan from Fox, as the Tin Man.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Victor_Fleming,_the_main_director">Victor Fleming, the main director</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Victor Fleming, the main director">edit</a>]</div> Cukor did not shoot any scenes for the film, but acted merely as a creative advisor to the troubled production. His prior commitment to direct <a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a> required him to leave on November 3, 1938, when <a href="/wiki/Victor_Fleming" title="Victor Fleming">Victor Fleming</a> assumed directorial responsibility. As director, Fleming chose not to shift the film from Cukor's creative realignment, as producer LeRoy had already expressed his satisfaction with the film's new course. Production on the bulk of the Technicolor sequences was a long and exhausting process that ran for over six months, from October 1938 to March 1939. Most of the cast worked six days a week and had to arrive as early as 4 a.m. to be fitted with makeup and costumes, and often did not leave until 7 pm or later. Cumbersome makeup and costumes were made even more uncomfortable by the daylight-bright lighting the early Technicolor process required, which could heat the set to over 100 °F (38 °C), which also had the side effect of bringing the production's electricity bill to a staggering estimate of $225,000 (equivalent to $4,928,469 in 2023).<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Bolger later said that the frightening nature of the costumes prevented most of the Oz principals from eating in the studio commissary;<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> and the toxicity of Hamilton's copper-based makeup forced her to eat a liquid diet on shoot days.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> It took as many as twelve takes to have Toto run alongside the actors as they skipped down the Yellow Brick Road. All the Oz sequences were filmed in <a href="/wiki/Technicolor#Three-strip_Technicolor" title="Technicolor">three-strip Technicolor</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Harmetz-23">[23]</a> while the <a href="/wiki/Opening_credits" title="Opening credits">opening</a> and <a href="/wiki/Closing_credits" title="Closing credits">closing credits</a>, and the Kansas sequences, were filmed in black and white and colored in a <a href="/wiki/Photographic_print_toning#Sepia_toning" title="Photographic print toning">sepia-tone</a> process.<a href="#cite_note-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic-22">[22]</a> Sepia-tone film was also used in the scene where Aunt Em appears in the Wicked Witch's crystal ball. The film was not the first to use Technicolor, which was introduced in <a href="/wiki/The_Gulf_Between" title="The Gulf Between">The Gulf Between</a> (1917) as a <a href="/wiki/RG_color_models" title="RG color models">two-color</a> additive process, nor the first to use the three-color subtractive <a href="/wiki/Technicolor#Process_4:_Development_and_introduction" title="Technicolor">Technicolor Process 4</a>, which made its live-action debut during a sequence in <a href="/wiki/The_Cat_and_the_Fiddle_(film)" title="The Cat and the Fiddle (film)">The Cat and the Fiddle</a> (1934).<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In Hamilton's exit from Munchkinland, a concealed <a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">elevator</a> was installed to lower her below stage level, as fire and <a href="/wiki/Smoke" title="Smoke">smoke</a> erupted to dramatize and conceal her exit. The first take ran well, but on the second take, the burst of fire came too soon. The flames set fire to her green, copper-based face paint, causing third-degree burns to her hands and face. She spent three months recuperating before returning to work.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Her green makeup had usually been removed with <a href="/wiki/Acetone" title="Acetone">acetone</a> due to its <a href="/wiki/Toxicity" title="Toxicity">toxic</a> copper content. Because of Hamilton's burns, makeup artist Jack Young removed the makeup with alcohol to prevent infection.<a href="#cite_note-harmetz-44">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="On-set_treatment_and_abuse_allegations">On-set treatment and abuse allegations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: On-set treatment and abuse allegations">edit</a>]</div> Since the film has been released, credible stories have come out indicating that Judy Garland endured extensive abuse during and before filming from various parties involved.<a href="#cite_note-:1-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The studio went to extreme lengths to change her appearance, including binding her chest and giving her <a href="/wiki/Benzedrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benzedrine">Benzedrine</a> tablets to keep her weight down, along with uppers and downers that caused giggling fits. There were claims that various members of the cast pointed out her breasts and made other lewd comments. Victor Fleming slapped her during the Cowardly Lion's introduction scene when Garland could not stop laughing at Lahr's performance. Once the scene was done, Fleming, reportedly ashamed of himself, ordered the crew to punch him in the face. Garland, however, kissed him instead.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> She was also forced to wear a cap on her teeth due to the fact some of her teeth were misaligned and also had to wear rubber discs on her nose to change its shape during filming.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Claims have been made in memoirs that the frequently drunk actors portraying the Munchkins propositioned and pinched her.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Garland said that she was groped by <a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Special_effects,_makeup_and_costumes">Special effects, makeup and costumes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Special effects, makeup and costumes">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/A._Arnold_Gillespie" title="A. Arnold Gillespie">Arnold Gillespie</a>, the film's <a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">special effects</a> director, employed several techniques.<a href="#cite_note-Care_45–47-36">[36]</a> Developing the <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">tornado</a> scene was especially costly. Gillespie used <a href="/wiki/Muslin" title="Muslin">muslin</a> cloth to make the tornado flexible, after a previous attempt with rubber failed. He hung the 35 ft (11 m) of muslin from a steel <a href="/wiki/Gantry_crane" title="Gantry crane">gantry</a> and connected the bottom to a rod. By moving the gantry and rod, he was able to create the illusion of a tornado moving across the stage. <a href="/wiki/Fuller%27s_earth" title="Fuller's earth">Fuller's earth</a> was sprayed from both the top and bottom using compressed air hoses to complete the effect. Dorothy's house was recreated using a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/maquete" class="extiw" title="wikt:maquete">model</a>.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Stock footage of this tornado was later recycled for a climactic scene in the 1943 musical film <a href="/wiki/Cabin_in_the_Sky_(film)" title="Cabin in the Sky (film)">Cabin in the Sky</a>, directed by Judy Garland's eventual second husband <a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The Cowardly Lion and Scarecrow masks were made of <a href="/wiki/Foam_latex" title="Foam latex">foam latex</a> makeup created by makeup artist <a href="/wiki/Jack_Dawn" title="Jack Dawn">Jack Dawn</a>. Dawn was one of the first to use this technique.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> It took an hour each day to slowly peel Bolger's glued-on mask from his face, a process that eventually left permanent lines around his mouth and chin.<a href="#cite_note-harmetz-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> The Tin Man's costume was made of leather-covered <a href="/wiki/Buckram" title="Buckram">buckram</a>, and the oil used to grease his joints was made from <a href="/wiki/Chocolate_syrup" title="Chocolate syrup">chocolate syrup</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> The Cowardly Lion's costume was made from real lion skin and fur.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Due to the heavy makeup, Bert Lahr could only consume soup and milkshakes on break, which eventually made him sick. After a few months, Lahr put his foot down and requested normal meals along with makeup redos after lunch.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> For the "horse of a different color" scene, <a href="/wiki/Jell-O" title="Jell-O">Jell-O</a> powder was used to color the white horses.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <a href="/wiki/Asbestos" title="Asbestos">Asbestos</a> was used to achieve some of the special effects, such as the witch's burning broomstick and the fake snow that covers Dorothy as she sleeps in the field of poppies.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Musical_selections_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Musical selections in The Wizard of Oz">Musical selections in The Wizard of Oz</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orchestral_recording_for_The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Orchestral_recording_for_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%281939%29.jpg/310px-Orchestral_recording_for_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%281939%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Orchestral_recording_for_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%281939%29.jpg/465px-Orchestral_recording_for_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%281939%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Orchestral_recording_for_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%281939%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="469" /></a><figcaption>Herbert Stothart conducting the MGM Studio Orchestra for The Wizard of Oz, which was recorded at the MGM studios</figcaption></figure> The Wizard of Oz is famous for its musical selections and soundtrack. Its songs were composed by <a href="/wiki/Harold_Arlen" title="Harold Arlen">Harold Arlen</a>, with lyrics by <a href="/wiki/E._Y._%22Yip%22_Harburg" class="mw-redirect" title="E. Y. "Yip" Harburg">E. Y. "Yip" Harburg</a>. They won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Song" title="Academy Award for Best Original Song">Academy Award for Best Original Song</a> for "Over the Rainbow". The song ranks first in the <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Songs" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs">AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Songs_of_the_Century" title="Songs of the Century">365 Songs of the Century</a>". MGM composer <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Stothart" title="Herbert Stothart">Herbert Stothart</a>, a well-known Hollywood composer and songwriter, won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Academy Award for Best Original Score</a>. <a href="/wiki/Georgie_Stoll" title="Georgie Stoll">Georgie Stoll</a> was associate conductor, and screen credit was given to <a href="/wiki/George_Bassman" title="George Bassman">George Bassman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murray_Cutter" title="Murray Cutter">Murray Cutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ken_Darby" title="Ken Darby">Ken Darby</a> and Paul Marquardt for orchestral and vocal arrangements. (As usual, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Edens" title="Roger Edens">Roger Edens</a> was also heavily involved as an unbilled musical associate to Freed.)[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The songs were recorded in the studio's scoring stage before filming. Several of the recordings were completed while Ebsen was still with the cast. Although he had to be dropped from the cast because of a dangerous reaction to his aluminum powder makeup, his singing voice remained on the soundtrack (as mentioned in the notes for the CD Deluxe Edition). He can be heard in the group vocals of "We're Off to See the Wizard". Bolger's original recording of "<a href="/wiki/If_I_Only_Had_a_Brain" title="If I Only Had a Brain">If I Only Had a Brain</a>" was far more sedate than the version in the film. During filming, Cukor and LeRoy decided a more energetic rendition better suited Dorothy's initial meeting with the Scarecrow, and it was rerecorded. The original version was considered lost until a copy was discovered in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Songs">Songs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Songs">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236635009">.mw-parser-output .tracklist{border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .tracklist tr{background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff)}.mw-parser-output .tracklist tr:nth-child(2n-1){background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .tracklist caption{text-align:left;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .tracklist td,.mw-parser-output .tracklist th[scope="row"]{vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .tracklist th[scope="col"]{text-align:left;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}.mw-parser-output .tracklist th.tracklist-length-header,.mw-parser-output .tracklist th.tracklist-number-header,.mw-parser-output .tracklist th[scope="row"],.mw-parser-output .tracklist-length,.mw-parser-output .tracklist-total-length td{padding-right:10px;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tracklist th[scope="row"]{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .tracklist-number-header{width:2em;padding-left:10px}.mw-parser-output .tracklist-length-header{width:4em}.mw-parser-output .tracklist tr.tracklist-total-length{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tracklist .tracklist-total-length th{padding:0;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .tracklist-total-length th>span{float:right;padding:0 10px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}.mw-parser-output .tracklist-total-length td{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);font-weight:bold;padding:0 10px 0 0}</style><div class="track-listing">All lyrics are written by E. Y. Yip Harburg; all music is composed by Harold Arlen<table class="tracklist"><tbody><tr><th class="tracklist-number-header" scope="col"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr></th><th scope="col" style="width:60%">Title</th><th scope="col" style="width:40%">Performer(s)</th><th class="tracklist-length-header" scope="col">Length</th></tr><tr><th id="track1" scope="row">1.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow" title="Over the Rainbow">Over the Rainbow</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track2" scope="row">2.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">Come Out, Come Out, Wherever You Are</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a> & <a href="/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">The Munchkins Chorus</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track3" scope="row">3.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">It Really was No Miracle</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> & <a href="/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">The Munchkins Chorus</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track4" scope="row">4.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">We Thank You Very Sweetly</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">The Munchkins Chorus</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track5" scope="row">5.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">The Munchkins Chorus</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track6" scope="row">6.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">As Mayor of the Munchkin City</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Bletcher" title="Billy Bletcher">Billy Bletcher</a> & <a href="/wiki/Pinto_Colvig" title="Pinto Colvig">Pinto Colvig</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track7" scope="row">7.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">As Coroner I Must Aver</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Meinhardt_Raabe" title="Meinhardt Raabe">Meinhardt Raabe</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track8" scope="row">8.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">The Lullaby League</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Bridges" title="Lorraine Bridges">Lorraine Bridges</a>, Betty Rome & Carol Tevis</td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track9" scope="row">9.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">The Lollipop Guild</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Bletcher" title="Billy Bletcher">Billy Bletcher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinto_Colvig" title="Pinto Colvig">Pinto Colvig</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Maren" title="Jerry Maren">Jerry Maren</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track10" scope="row">10.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">We Welcome You to Munchkinland</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">The Munchkins Chorus</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track11" scope="row">11.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/We%27re_Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="We're Off to See the Wizard">You're Off to See the Wizard</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> & <a href="/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">The Munchkins Chorus</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track12" scope="row">12.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Only_Had_a_Brain" title="If I Only Had a Brain">If I Only Had a Brain</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> & <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track13" scope="row">13.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/We%27re_Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="We're Off to See the Wizard">We're Off to See the Wizard</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track14" scope="row">14.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Only_Had_a_Brain" title="If I Only Had a Brain">If I Only had a Heart</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a> & <a href="/wiki/Adriana_Caselotti" title="Adriana Caselotti">Adriana Caselotti</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track15" scope="row">15.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/We%27re_Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="We're Off to See the Wizard">We're Off to See the Wizard (Reprise)</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> & Buddy Ebsen</td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track16" scope="row">16.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Only_Had_a_Brain" title="If I Only Had a Brain">If I Only had the Nerve</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track17" scope="row">17.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/We%27re_Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="We're Off to See the Wizard">We're Off to See the Wizard (Reprise 2)</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a>, Buddy Ebsen & <a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track18" scope="row">18.</th><td>"Optimistic Voices"</td><td>MGM Studio Chorus</td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track19" scope="row">19.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Old_Land_of_Oz" title="The Merry Old Land of Oz">The Merry Old Land of Oz</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Morgan" title="Frank Morgan">Frank Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a> & Chorus</td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track20" scope="row">20.</th><td>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Were_King_of_the_Forest" title="If I Were King of the Forest">If I Were King of the Forest</a>"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr><tr><th id="track21" scope="row">21.</th><td>"The Jitterbug"</td><td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a> & <a href="/wiki/Bert_Lahr" title="Bert Lahr">Bert Lahr</a></td><td class="tracklist-length"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deleted_songs">Deleted songs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Deleted songs">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wizard_of_Oz_lobby_card.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wizard_of_Oz_lobby_card.jpg/260px-Wizard_of_Oz_lobby_card.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wizard_of_Oz_lobby_card.jpg/390px-Wizard_of_Oz_lobby_card.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wizard_of_Oz_lobby_card.jpg/520px-Wizard_of_Oz_lobby_card.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1373" data-file-height="1069" /></a><figcaption>Lobby card with still of deleted musical number "Hail! Hail! The Witch Is Dead!", sung upon the return to the Emerald City</figcaption></figure> Some musical pieces were filmed and deleted later, in the editing process. The song "The Jitterbug", written in a swing style, was intended for a sequence where the group journeys to the Witch's castle. Owing to time constraints, it was cut from the final theatrical version. The film footage of the song has been lost, although silent home-film footage of rehearsals has survived. The audio recording of the song was preserved, and was included in the two-CD <a href="/wiki/Rhino_Entertainment" title="Rhino Entertainment">Rhino Records</a> deluxe edition of the soundtrack, as well as on the film's VHS and DVD editions. A reference to "The Jitterbug" remains in the film: The Witch tells her flying monkeys that they should have no trouble apprehending Dorothy and her friends because "I've sent a little insect on ahead to take the fight out of them."<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Another musical number cut before release came right after the Wicked Witch of the West was melted and before Dorothy and her friends returned to the Wizard. This was a reprise of "Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead" (blended with "<a href="/wiki/We%27re_Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="We're Off to See the Wizard">We're Off to See the Wizard</a>" and "The Merry Old Land of Oz") with the lyrics altered to "Hail! Hail! The witch is dead!" This started with the Witch's guard saying "Hail to Dorothy! The Wicked Witch is dead!" and dissolved to a huge celebration by the citizens of the Emerald City, who sang the song as they accompanied Dorothy and her friends to the Wizard. Today, the film of this scene is also lost, and only a few stills survive, along with a few seconds of footage used on several reissue trailers. The entire audio track was preserved and is included on the two-CD Rhino Record "deluxe" soundtrack edition.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Garland was to sing a brief reprise of "Over the Rainbow" while Dorothy was trapped in the Witch's castle, but it was cut because it was considered too emotionally intense. Because Garland sung the reprise live on set, only the underscoring from the final edit survives. However, the on-set audio of the scene when it was originally filmed under Richard Thorpe still exists and was included as an extra in all home media releases from 1993 onward. The Deluxe Edition soundtrack marries the singing from the Thorpe take to the underscoring from the Fleming version to approximate what this would have sounded like.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Underscoring">Underscoring</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Underscoring">edit</a>]</div> Extensive edits in the film's final cut removed vocals from the last portion of the film. However, the film was fully <a href="/wiki/Underscoring" class="mw-redirect" title="Underscoring">underscored</a>, with instrumental snippets from the film's various <a href="/wiki/Leitmotif" title="Leitmotif">leitmotifs</a> throughout. There was also some recognizable classical and popular music, including: <ul><li>Excerpts from <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Schumann</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/The_Happy_Farmer" class="mw-redirect" title="The Happy Farmer">The Happy Farmer</a>", at several points early in the film, including the opening scene when Dorothy and Toto hurry home after their encounter with Miss Gulch; when Toto escapes from her; and when the house "rides" the tornado.</li> <li>An excerpt of <a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Mendelssohn</a>'s Scherzo in E minor, Op. 16, No. 2, when Toto escapes from the Witch's castle.</li> <li>An excerpt of <a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Night_on_Bald_Mountain" title="Night on Bald Mountain">Night on Bald Mountain</a>", when Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man and the Cowardly Lion try to escape from the Witch's castle.</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/In_the_Shade_of_the_Old_Apple_Tree" title="In the Shade of the Old Apple Tree">In the Shade of the Old Apple Tree</a>", when Dorothy and the Scarecrow discover the anthropomorphic apple trees.</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Gaudeamus_Igitur" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaudeamus Igitur">Gaudeamus Igitur</a>", as the Wizard presents awards to the group.</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Home!_Sweet_Home!" title="Home! Sweet Home!">Home! Sweet Home!</a>", in part of the closing scene, at Dorothy's house in Kansas.</li></ul> (This list is excerpted from the liner notes of the Rhino Records collection.) <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-production">Post-production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Post-production">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Principal photography</a> concluded with the monochromatic Kansas sequences on March 16, 1939. When Victor Fleming was called away to replace George Cukor as director of <a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a>, veteran director <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> agreed to direct Oz during its final ten days of principal production. This included the bulk of the Kansas scenes, including Garland's performance of "Over the Rainbow."<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Reshoots and pickup shots were done through April and May and into June, under the direction of producer LeRoy. When the "Over the Rainbow" reprise was removed after subsequent test screenings in early June, Garland had to be brought back to reshoot the "Auntie Em, I'm frightened!" scene without the song. The footage of Blandick's Aunt Em, as shot by Vidor, had already been set aside for rear-projection work, and was reused. After Hamilton's severe injuries with the Munchkinland elevator, she refused to do the pickups for the scene where she flies on a broomstick that billows smoke, so LeRoy had <a href="/wiki/Stunt_double" class="mw-redirect" title="Stunt double">stunt double</a> <a href="/wiki/Betty_Danko" title="Betty Danko">Betty Danko</a> perform instead. Danko was severely injured when the smoke mechanism malfunctioned.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> At this point, the film began a long, arduous post-production. <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Stothart" title="Herbert Stothart">Herbert Stothart</a> composed the film's background score, while <a href="/wiki/A._Arnold_Gillespie" title="A. Arnold Gillespie">A. Arnold Gillespie</a> perfected the special effects, including many of the rear-projection shots. The MGM art department created <a href="/wiki/Matte_painting" title="Matte painting">matte paintings</a> for many scene backgrounds. A significant innovation planned for the film was the use of stencil printing for the transition to Technicolor. Each frame was to be hand-tinted to maintain the sepia tone. However, it was abandoned because it was too expensive and labor-intensive, and MGM used a simpler, less expensive technique: During the May reshoots, the inside of the farmhouse was painted sepia, and when Dorothy opens the door, it is not Garland, but her stand-in, Bobbie Koshay, wearing a sepia <a href="/wiki/Gingham_dress_of_Judy_Garland" title="Gingham dress of Judy Garland">gingham dress</a>, who then backs out of frame. Once the camera moves through the door, Garland steps back into frame in her bright blue gingham dress (as noted in DVD extras), and the sepia-painted door briefly tints her with the same color before she emerges from the house's shadow, into the bright glare of the Technicolor lighting. This also meant that the reshoots provided the first proper shot of Munchkinland. If one looks carefully, the brief cut to Dorothy looking around outside the house bisects a single long shot, from the inside of the doorway to the pan-around that finally ends in a reverse-angle as the ruins of the house are seen behind Dorothy and she comes to a stop at the foot of the small bridge. <a href="/wiki/Test_screening" title="Test screening">Test screenings</a> of the film began on June 5, 1939.<a href="#cite_note-geo-74">[74]</a> Oz initially ran nearly two hours long. In 1939, the average film ran for about 90 minutes. LeRoy and Fleming knew they needed to cut at least 15 minutes to get the film down to a manageable running time. Three sneak previews in <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pomona,_California" title="Pomona, California">Pomona</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Obispo,_California" title="San Luis Obispo, California">San Luis Obispo, California</a>, guided LeRoy and Fleming in the cutting. Among the many cuts were "The Jitterbug" number, the Scarecrow's elaborate dance sequence following "If I Only Had a Brain", reprises of "Over the Rainbow" and "<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead</a>", and a number of smaller dialogue sequences. This left the final, mostly serious portion of the film with no songs, only the dramatic underscoring. "Over the Rainbow" was almost deleted. MGM felt that it made the Kansas sequence too long, as well as being far over the heads of the target audience of children. The studio also thought that it was degrading for Garland to sing in a barnyard. LeRoy, uncredited associate producer Arthur Freed and director Fleming fought to keep it in, and they eventually won. The song went on to win the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Song" title="Academy Award for Best Original Song">Academy Award for Best Original Song</a>, and came to be identified so strongly with Garland herself that she made it her signature song. After the preview in San Luis Obispo in early July, the film was officially released in August 1939 at its current 101-minute running time. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release">Release</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Release">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Original_theatrical_run">Original theatrical run</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Original theatrical run">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wizard_of_Oz_(Oconomowoc)_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wizard_of_Oz_%28Oconomowoc%29_cropped.jpg/180px-Wizard_of_Oz_%28Oconomowoc%29_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wizard_of_Oz_%28Oconomowoc%29_cropped.jpg/270px-Wizard_of_Oz_%28Oconomowoc%29_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wizard_of_Oz_%28Oconomowoc%29_cropped.jpg/360px-Wizard_of_Oz_%28Oconomowoc%29_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1433" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>A memorial commemorating the film's world premiere at the Strand Theatre in <a href="/wiki/Oconomowoc,_Wisconsin" title="Oconomowoc, Wisconsin">Oconomowoc, Wisconsin</a>, on August 12, 1939</figcaption></figure> The film premiered at the Orpheum Theatre in <a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay, Wisconsin</a>, on August 10, 1939.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The first sneak preview was held in <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> The film was previewed in three <a href="/wiki/Test_market" title="Test market">test markets</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha, Wisconsin</a>, on August 11, 1939; <a href="/wiki/Dennis,_Massachusetts" title="Dennis, Massachusetts">Dennis, Massachusetts</a>, also on August 11;<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-mad2009-78">[78]</a> and the Strand Theatre in <a href="/wiki/Oconomowoc,_Wisconsin" title="Oconomowoc, Wisconsin">Oconomowoc, Wisconsin</a>, on August 12.<a href="#cite_note-wsj-79">[79]</a> The Hollywood premiere was on August 16, 1939,<a href="#cite_note-mad2009-78">[78]</a> following a preview the night before at <a href="/wiki/Grauman%27s_Chinese_Theatre" title="Grauman's Chinese Theatre">Grauman's Chinese Theatre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The New York City premiere, held at <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Capitol Theatre (New York City)">Loew's Capitol Theatre</a> on August 17, 1939, was followed by a live performance with Garland and her frequent film co-star <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a>. They continued to perform there after each screening for a week. Garland extended her appearance for two more weeks, partnered with Rooney for a second week and with Oz co-stars Ray Bolger and Bert Lahr for the third and final week. The film opened nationwide on August 25, 1939. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Television">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_on_television" title="The Wizard of Oz on television">The Wizard of Oz on television</a></div> MGM sold <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> the rights to televise the film for $225,000 (equivalent to $1.93 million in 2023) per broadcast.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> It was first shown on television on November 3, 1956, as the last installment of the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Star_Jubilee" title="Ford Star Jubilee">Ford Star Jubilee</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> It was a ratings success, with a <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_rating" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen rating">Nielsen rating</a> of 33.9 and an audience share of 53%.<a href="#cite_note-rating-83">[83]</a> It was repeated on December 13, 1959, and gained an even larger television audience, with a Nielsen rating of 36.5 and an audience share of 58%.<a href="#cite_note-rating-83">[83]</a> It became an annual television tradition. The UK television premiere was on December 25, 1975, on BBC-1. The estimated UK television audience was 20 million.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_media">Home media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Home media">edit</a>]</div> On October 25, 1980, the film was released on videocassette (in both <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betamax" title="Betamax">Betamax</a> format) by <a href="/wiki/MGM_Home_Entertainment" title="MGM Home Entertainment">MGM/CBS Home Video</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> All current home video releases are by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Home_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Home Video">Warner Home Video</a> (via current rights holder <a href="/wiki/Turner_Entertainment" title="Turner Entertainment">Turner Entertainment</a>). The film's first <a href="/wiki/LaserDisc" title="LaserDisc">LaserDisc</a> release was in 1983. In 1989, there were two releases for the 50th anniversary, one from Turner and one from <a href="/wiki/The_Criterion_Collection" title="The Criterion Collection">The Criterion Collection</a>, with a commentary track. LaserDiscs came out in 1991 and 1993, and the final LaserDisc was released September 11, 1996.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The film was released on the <a href="/wiki/Capacitance_Electronic_Disc" title="Capacitance Electronic Disc">CED</a> format once, in 1982, by MGM/UA Home Video.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> It has also been released multiple times outside of the North American and European markets, in Asia, in the <a href="/wiki/Video_CD" title="Video CD">Video CD</a> format. The first DVD release was on March 26, 1997, by MGM/Turner. It contained no special features or supplements. On October 19, 1999, The Wizard of Oz was re-released by Warner Bros. to celebrate the film's 60th anniversary, with its soundtrack presented in a new <a href="/wiki/5.1" class="mw-redirect" title="5.1">5.1</a> <a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">surround sound</a> mix. The DVD also contained a behind-the-scenes documentary, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz: The Making of a Movie Classic, produced in 1990 and hosted by <a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a>, which was originally shown on television immediately following the 1990 telecast of the film. It had been featured in the 1993 "Ultimate Oz" LaserDisc release. Outtakes, the deleted "Jitterbug" musical number, clips of pre-1939 Oz adaptations, trailers, newsreels, and a portrait gallery were also included, as well as two radio programs of the era publicizing the film. In 2005, two DVD editions were released, both featuring a newly restored version of the film with an <a href="/wiki/Audio_commentary" title="Audio commentary">audio commentary</a> and an isolated music and effects track. One of the two DVD releases was a "Two-Disc Special Edition", featuring production documentaries, trailers, outtakes, newsreels, radio shows and still galleries. The other set, a "Three-Disc Collector's Edition", included these features, as well as the digitally restored 80th-anniversary edition of the 1925 feature-length silent film version of The Wizard of Oz, other silent Oz adaptations and a 1933 animated short version. The film was released on <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> on September 29, 2009, for its 70th anniversary, in a four-disc "Ultimate Collector's Edition", including all the bonus features from the 2005 Collector's Edition DVD, new bonus features about Victor Fleming and the surviving Munchkins, the telefilm <a href="/wiki/The_Dreamer_of_Oz:_The_L._Frank_Baum_Story" title="The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story">The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story</a>, and the miniseries MGM: When the Lion Roars. For this edition, Warner Bros. commissioned a new transfer from the original negatives at <a href="/wiki/8K_Video_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="8K Video Format">8K resolution</a>. The restoration job was given to Prime Focus World.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> This restored version also features a <a href="/wiki/Lossless" class="mw-redirect" title="Lossless">lossless</a> 5.1 <a href="/wiki/Dolby_TrueHD" title="Dolby TrueHD">Dolby TrueHD</a> audio track.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> On December 1, 2009,<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> three Blu-ray discs of the Ultimate Collector's Edition were repackaged as a less expensive "Emerald Edition". An Emerald Edition four-disc DVD arrived the following week. A single-disc Blu-ray, containing the restored movie and all the extra features of the two-disc Special Edition DVD, became available on March 16, 2010.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> In 2013, the film was re-released on DVD, <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray#Blu-ray_3D" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray 3D</a> and <a href="/wiki/UltraViolet_(website)" title="UltraViolet (website)">UltraViolet</a> for the 90th anniversary of <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> and the 75th anniversary of the film.<a href="#cite_note-IMAX_3D-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Many special editions were released in 2013 in celebration of the film's 75th anniversary, including one exclusively by <a href="/wiki/Best_Buy" title="Best Buy">Best Buy</a> (a SteelBook of the 3D Blu-ray) and another by <a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target</a> stores that came with a keepsake lunch bag.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> The film was issued on 4K <a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray" title="Ultra HD Blu-ray">Ultra HD Blu-ray</a> on October 29, 2019, featuring both a <a href="/wiki/Dolby_Vision" title="Dolby Vision">Dolby Vision</a> and an <a href="/wiki/HDR10%2B" title="HDR10+">HDR10+</a> grading from an 8K transfer.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Another 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray release, including collective replica items from the film's Hollywood premiere was released on November 5, 2024, to celebrate the film's 85th anniversary.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Re-releases">Re-releases</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Re-releases">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Wizard_of_Oz_1955_Lobby_Card.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/The_Wizard_of_Oz_1955_Lobby_Card.jpg/220px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_1955_Lobby_Card.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/The_Wizard_of_Oz_1955_Lobby_Card.jpg/330px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_1955_Lobby_Card.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/The_Wizard_of_Oz_1955_Lobby_Card.jpg/440px-The_Wizard_of_Oz_1955_Lobby_Card.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="502" /></a><figcaption>This lobby card for the 1955 re-release carried a contemporary image of Garland.</figcaption></figure> Although the 1949 re-issue used sepia tone, the 1955 re-issue showed the Kansas sequences in black and white instead, a practice that continued on television broadcasts and home releases until the 50th anniversary <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> release in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/MGM_Children%27s_Matinees" title="MGM Children's Matinees">The MGM "Children's Matinees" series</a> re-released the film twice, in both 1970 and 1971.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> It was for this release that the film received a G rating from the MPAA. For the film's 60th anniversary, Warner Bros. released a "Special Edition" on November 6, 1998, digitally restored with remastered audio. In 2002, the film had a <a href="/wiki/Limited_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Limited release">very limited re-release</a> in U.S. theaters, earning only $139,905.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> On September 23, 2009, the film was re-released in select theaters for a one-night-only event in honor of its 70th anniversary and as a promotion for various new disc releases later in the month. An encore of this event took place in theaters on November 17, 2009.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wizard_of_oz_IMAX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Wizard_of_oz_IMAX.jpg/170px-Wizard_of_oz_IMAX.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Wizard_of_oz_IMAX.jpg/255px-Wizard_of_oz_IMAX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/20/Wizard_of_oz_IMAX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption>Poster for the 2013 <a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX 3D</a> re-release, as part of the film's 75th anniversary</figcaption></figure> An <a href="/wiki/IMAX_3D" class="mw-redirect" title="IMAX 3D">IMAX 3D</a> theatrical re-release played at 300 theaters in North America for one week only beginning September 20, 2013, as part of the film's 75th anniversary.<a href="#cite_note-IMAX_3D-92">[92]</a> Warner Bros. spent $25 million on advertising. The studio hosted a premiere of the film's first IMAX 3D release on September 15, 2013, in Hollywood at the newly remodeled <a href="/wiki/TCL_Chinese_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="TCL Chinese Theatre">TCL Chinese Theatre</a> (formerly Grauman's Chinese Theatre, the site of the film's Hollywood premiere). It was the first motion picture to play at the new theater and served as the grand opening of Hollywood's first 3D IMAX screen. It was also shown as a special presentation at the <a href="/wiki/2013_Toronto_International_Film_Festival" title="2013 Toronto International Film Festival">2013 Toronto International Film Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> This re-release grossed $5.6 million at the North American box office.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> In 2013, in preparation for its IMAX 3D release, the film was submitted to the MPAA for re-classification. According to MPAA rules, a film that has been altered in any way from its original version must be submitted for re-classification, and the 3-D conversion fell within that guideline. The 3D version received a PG rating for "Some scary moments", although no change was made to the film's original story content. The 2D version still retains its G rating.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> The film was re-released on January 11 and 14, 2015, as part of the "TCM Presents" series by <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">Turner Classic Movies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The film was re-released by <a href="/wiki/Fathom_Events" title="Fathom Events">Fathom Events</a> through "TCM Big Screen Classics" on January 27, 29, 30, 2019, and February 3 and 5, 2019, as part of its 80th anniversary. It also had a one-week theatrical engagement in <a href="/wiki/Dolby_Cinema" title="Dolby Cinema">Dolby Cinema</a> on October 25, 2019, to commemorate the anniversary.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> The film returned to theaters on June 5 and 6, 2022, to celebrate Judy Garland's 100th birthday.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> To celebrate the 85th anniversary, "Fathom Big Screen Classics" (now taken over from TCM) released the film January 28, 29 and 31, 2024, with a special introduction by Leonard Maltin and a preshow trivia game hosted by "Oz Vlog" host Victoria Calamito.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Critical response">edit</a>]</div> The Wizard of Oz received universal acclaim upon its release.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Writing for <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Nugent" title="Frank Nugent">Frank Nugent</a> considered the film a "delightful piece of wonder-working which had the youngsters' eyes shining and brought a quietly amused gleam to the wiser ones of the oldsters. Not since Disney's <a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a> has anything quite so fantastic succeeded half so well."<a href="#cite_note-nyt1939-111">[111]</a> Nugent had issues with some of the film's special effects: <blockquote> with the best of will and ingenuity, they cannot make a Munchkin or a Flying Monkey that will not still suggest, however vaguely, a Singer's Midget in a <a href="/wiki/Jack_Dawn" title="Jack Dawn">Jack Dawn</a> masquerade. Nor can they, without a few betraying jolts and split-screen overlappings, bring down from the sky the great soap bubble in which Glinda rides and roll it smoothly into place.<a href="#cite_note-nyt1939-111">[111]</a> </blockquote> According to Nugent, "Judy Garland's Dorothy is a pert and fresh-faced miss with the wonder-lit eyes of a believer in fairy tales, but the Baum fantasy is at its best when the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Lion are on the move."<a href="#cite_note-nyt1939-111">[111]</a> Writing in <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>, John C. Flinn predicted that the film was "likely to perform some record-breaking feats of box-office magic," noting, "Some of the scenic passages are so beautiful in design and composition as to stir audiences by their sheer unfoldment." He also called Garland "an appealing figure" and the musical numbers "gay and bright".<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> <a href="/wiki/Harrison%27s_Reports" title="Harrison's Reports">Harrison's Reports</a> wrote, "Even though some persons are not interested in pictures of this type, it is possible that they will be eager to see this picture just for its technical treatment. The performances are good, and the incidental music is of considerable aid. Pictures of this caliber bring credit to the industry."<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Daily">Film Daily</a> wrote: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><a href="/wiki/Leo_the_Lion_(MGM)" title="Leo the Lion (MGM)">Leo the Lion</a> is privileged to herald this one with his deepest roar—the one that comes from way down—for seldom if indeed ever has the screen been so successful in its approach to fantasy and extravaganza through flesh-and-blood... handsomely mounted fairy story in Technicolor, with its wealth of humor and homespun philosophy, its stimulus to the imagination, its procession of unforgettable settings, its studding of merry tunes should click solidly at the box-office.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a></blockquote> Some reviews were less positive. Some moviegoers felt that the 16-year-old Garland was slightly too old to play the little girl who Baum intended his Dorothy to be. Russell Maloney of <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a> wrote that the film displayed "no trace of imagination, good taste, or ingenuity" and declared it "a stinkeroo",<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> while Otis Ferguson of <a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a> wrote: "It has dwarfs, music, Technicolor, freak characters, and Judy Garland. It can't be expected to have a sense of humor, as well – and as for the light touch of fantasy, it weighs like a pound of fruitcake soaking wet."<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Still, the film placed seventh on <a href="/wiki/Film_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Daily">Film Daily</a>'s year-end nationwide poll of 542 critics naming the best films of 1939.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Box_office">Box office</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Box office">edit</a>]</div> According to MGM records, during the film's initial release, it earned $2,048,000 in the U.S. and $969,000 in other countries throughout the world, for total earnings of $3,017,000. However, its high production cost, plus the costs of marketing, distribution, and other services, resulted in a loss of $1,145,000 for the studio.<a href="#cite_note-Mannix-3">[3]</a> It did not show what MGM considered a profit until a 1949 re-release earned an additional $1.5 million (about $15 million in 2023). Christopher Finch, author of the Judy Garland biography Rainbow: The Stormy Life of Judy Garland, wrote: "Fantasy is always a risk at the box office. The film had been enormously successful as a book, and it had also been a major stage hit, but previous attempts to bring it to the screen had been dismal failures." He also wrote that after the film's success, Garland signed a new contract with MGM giving her a substantial increase in salary, making her one of the top ten box-office stars in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> The film was also re-released domestically in 1955. Subsequent re-releases between 1989 and 2019 have grossed $25,173,032 worldwide,<a href="#cite_note-BOM-4">[4]</a> for a total worldwide gross of $29,690,032. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> The film was not the first to utilize color, but the way in which the film was saturated with Technicolor proved that color could provide a magical element to fantasy films. The film is iconic for its symbols such as the Yellow Brick Road, ruby slippers, Emerald City, Munchkins, and the phrase "There's no place like home".<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a>The film became a global phenomenon and is still well known today.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> chose it as one of his Great Films, writing that "The Wizard of Oz has a wonderful surface of comedy and music, special effects and excitement, but we still watch it six decades later because its underlying story penetrates straight to the deepest insecurities of childhood, stirs them and then reassures them."<a href="#cite_note-Ebert-121">[121]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Judy_Garland_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz_trailer_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Judy_Garland_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz_trailer_2.jpg/220px-Judy_Garland_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz_trailer_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Judy_Garland_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz_trailer_2.jpg/330px-Judy_Garland_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz_trailer_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Judy_Garland_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz_trailer_2.jpg/440px-Judy_Garland_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz_trailer_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption>Dorothy in Munchkinland</figcaption></figure> In his 1992 critique of the film for the British Film Institute, author <a href="/wiki/Salman_Rushdie" title="Salman Rushdie">Salman Rushdie</a> acknowledged its effect on him, noting "The Wizard of Oz was my very first literary influence".<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> In "Step Across This Line", he wrote: "When I first saw The Wizard of Oz, it made a writer of me."<a href="#cite_note-:0-123">[123]</a> His first short story, written at the age of 10, was titled "Over the Rainbow".<a href="#cite_note-:0-123">[123]</a> In a 2009 retrospective article about the film, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a> film critic and author <a href="/wiki/Mick_LaSalle" title="Mick LaSalle">Mick LaSalle</a> declared: <blockquote> ...the entire <a href="/wiki/Munchkin_Country" title="Munchkin Country">Munchkinland</a> sequence, from Dorothy's arrival in Oz to her departure on the yellow brick road, has to be one of the greatest in cinema history – a masterpiece of set design, costuming, choreography, music, lyrics, storytelling, and sheer imagination.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> </blockquote> In 2018, it was named the "most influential film of all time" as the result of a study conducted by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Turin" title="University of Turin">University of Turin</a> to measure the success and significance of 47,000 films from around the world using data from readers and audience polls, as well as internet sources such as <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>. It would top the list in their study, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars franchise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psycho_(1960_film)" title="Psycho (1960 film)">Psycho</a> (1960), <a href="/wiki/King_Kong_(1933_film)" title="King Kong (1933 film)">King Kong</a> (1933) and <a href="/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey" title="2001: A Space Odyssey">2001: A Space Odyssey</a> (1968) rounding out the top 5.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> On the film review aggregator site <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, The Wizard of Oz has a 98% rating based on 169 reviews, with an average score of 9.4/10. Its critical consensus reads, "An absolute masterpiece whose groundbreaking visuals and deft storytelling are still every bit as resonant, The Wizard of Oz is a must-see film for young and old."<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> At <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a>, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film received a score of 92 out of 100, based on 30 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> The film was included by the Vatican in <a href="/wiki/Vatican%27s_list_of_films" title="Vatican's list of films">a list of important films</a> compiled in 1995, under the category of "Art".<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Awards and honors">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academy_Awards">Academy Awards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Academy Awards">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th>Award </th> <th>Date of ceremony </th> <th>Category </th> <th>Nominee(s) </th> <th>Result </th> <th>Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/12th_Academy_Awards" title="12th Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> </td> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/12th_Academy_Awards" title="12th Academy Awards">February 29, 1940</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Outstanding Production</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td> <td align="center" rowspan="6"><a href="#cite_note-Oscars1940-129">[129]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Production Design">Best Art Direction</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cedric_Gibbons" title="Cedric Gibbons">Cedric Gibbons</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_A._Horning" title="William A. Horning">William A. Horning</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Best Original Score</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Stothart" title="Herbert Stothart">Herbert Stothart</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Song" title="Academy Award for Best Original Song">Best Original Song</a> </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow" title="Over the Rainbow">Over the Rainbow</a>" Music by <a href="/wiki/Harold_Arlen" title="Harold Arlen">Harold Arlen</a>, lyrics by <a href="/wiki/Yip_Harburg" title="Yip Harburg">E. Y. Harburg</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Academy Award for Best Visual Effects">Best Special Effects</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/A._Arnold_Gillespie" title="A. Arnold Gillespie">A. Arnold Gillespie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Shearer" title="Douglas Shearer">Douglas Shearer</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Juvenile_Award" title="Academy Juvenile Award">Academy Juvenile Award</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> For her outstanding performance as a screen juvenile during the past year. (She was jointly awarded for her performances in <a href="/wiki/Babes_in_Arms_(film)" title="Babes in Arms (film)">Babes in Arms</a> and The Wizard of Oz). </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Honorary </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Film_Institute_lists">American Film Institute lists</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: American Film Institute lists">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> (AFI) has compiled various lists which include this film or its elements. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Movies" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies">AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies</a> – No. 6</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Thrills" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills">AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills</a> – No. 43</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Heroes_%26_Villains" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains">AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_West" title="Wicked Witch of the West">Wicked Witch of the West</a> – No. 4 Villain</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Songs" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs">AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs</a>: <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow" title="Over the Rainbow">Over the Rainbow</a>" – No. 1</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead</a>" – No. 82</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Movie_Quotes" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes">AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes</a>: <ul><li>"Toto, I've a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore." (Dorothy Gale) – No. 4</li> <li>"There's no place like home." (Dorothy) – No. 23</li> <li>"I'll get you, my pretty – and your little dog, too!" (Wicked Witch of the West) – No. 99</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_Greatest_Movie_Musicals" title="AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals">AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals</a> – No. 3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Cheers" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers">AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers</a> – No. 26</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Movies_(10th_Anniversary_Edition)" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)">AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)</a> – No. 10</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_10_Top_10" title="AFI's 10 Top 10">AFI's 10 Top 10</a> – No. 1 <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Fantasy film</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_honors">Other honors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Other honors">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1989: The film was one of the inaugural group of 25 films added to the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> list.<a href="#cite_note-registrylist1-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>'s 100 Maverick Movies – No. 20.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>'s 100 Greatest Films – No. 32.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/The_Village_Voice" title="The Village Voice">The Village Voice</a>'s 100 Best Films of the 20th Century – No. 14.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a></li> <li>2002: Nominated - 1939 <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Sight_%26_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Sight & Sound">Sight & Sound</a>'s Greatest Film Poll of Directors – No. 41.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Total_Film" title="Total Film">Total Film</a>'s 100 Greatest Films – No. 83<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li> <li>2005: The <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> ranked it second on its list of the 50 films you should see by the age of 14, after <a href="/wiki/Spirited_Away" title="Spirited Away">Spirited Away</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>2006: The film placed 86th on <a href="/wiki/Bravo_(U.S._TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bravo (U.S. TV network)">Bravo</a>'s 100 Scariest Movie Moments.<a href="#cite_note-bravo-137">[137]</a></li> <li>2007: It topped Total Film's 23 Weirdest Films.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a></li> <li>2007: The film was listed on UNESCO's <a href="/wiki/Memory_of_the_World_Programme" title="Memory of the World Programme">Memory of the World Register</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a> ranked the film's songs and music at the top of its list of 50 greatest film soundtracks.<a href="#cite_note-guard-140">[140]</a></li> <li>2020: The <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> changed its list to "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/50-films-see-age-15">50 films to see by age 15 – Updated</a>"<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> calling Oz "The most wonderful of musicals"</li> <li>2022: The film was ranked 2nd in <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>'s inaugural list of The 100 Greatest Movies of All Time.<a href="#cite_note-variety.com-14">[14]</a></li> <li>2023: The film was ranked 5th in <a href="/wiki/Parade_(magazine)" title="Parade (magazine)">Parade</a>'s list of The 100 Best Movies of All Time.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a></li> <li>2023: The film was ranked 4th in <a href="/wiki/Comic_Book_Resources" title="Comic Book Resources">Comic Book Resources</a>' list of The Best Movies of All Time.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a></li> <li>2024: The film was ranked 7th on <a href="/wiki/IndieWire" title="IndieWire">IndieWire</a>'s list of The 63 Best Movie Musicals of All Time.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sequels_and_reinterpretations">Sequels and reinterpretations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Sequels and reinterpretations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Adaptations_of_The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Adaptations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">Adaptations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></div> An official 1972 sequel, the animated <a href="/wiki/Journey_Back_to_Oz" title="Journey Back to Oz">Journey Back to Oz</a>, featuring the voice of Judy Garland's daughter <a href="/wiki/Liza_Minnelli" title="Liza Minnelli">Liza Minnelli</a> was produced to commemorate the original film's 35th anniversary.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Wiz" title="The Wiz">The Wiz</a>, a musical based on the novel, opened in 1974 in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> and in 1975 with a new cast on Broadway. It went on to win seven <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Awards</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Musical" title="Tony Award for Best Musical">Best Musical</a>. In 1975, a comic book adaptation of the film titled MGM's Marvelous Wizard of Oz was released. It was the first co-production between <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a>. Marvel planned a series of sequels based on the subsequent novels. The first, The Marvelous Land of Oz, was published later that year. The next, The Marvelous Ozma of Oz was expected to be released the following year but never came to be.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> In 1985, <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures" title="Walt Disney Pictures">Walt Disney Productions</a> released the live-action fantasy film <a href="/wiki/Return_to_Oz" title="Return to Oz">Return to Oz</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/Fairuza_Balk" title="Fairuza Balk">Fairuza Balk</a> in her film debut as a young Dorothy Gale<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> and based on <a href="/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a> (1904) and <a href="/wiki/Ozma_of_Oz" title="Ozma of Oz">Ozma of Oz</a> (1907). With a darker story, it fared poorly with critics unfamiliar with the Oz books and was not successful at the box office, although it has since become a popular <a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">cult film</a>, with many considering it a more loyal and faithful adaptation of what L. Frank Baum envisioned.<a href="#cite_note-Geraghty-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> The Broadway musical <a href="/wiki/Wicked_(musical)" title="Wicked (musical)">Wicked</a> premiered in 2003, and is based on the film and original novel. It has since gone on to become the second-highest grossing Broadway musical of all time, and won three <a href="/wiki/Tony_Awards" title="Tony Awards">Tony Awards</a>, seven <a href="/wiki/Drama_Desk_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama Desk Awards">Drama Desk Awards</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Wicked_(2024_film)" title="Wicked (2024 film)">two-part film adaptation</a> of the musical, directed by <a href="/wiki/Jon_M._Chu" title="Jon M. Chu">Jon M. Chu</a>, has been in development at <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> since 2004, with Part One and <a href="/wiki/Wicked_Part_Two" title="Wicked Part Two">Part Two</a> scheduled to be released in 2024 and 2025 respectively. <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" title="Andrew Lloyd Webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tim_Rice" title="Tim Rice">Tim Rice</a> produced a <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(2011_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (2011 musical)">stage musical of the same name</a>, which opened in 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/West_End_theatre" title="West End theatre">West End</a>'s <a href="/wiki/London_Palladium" title="London Palladium">London Palladium</a>. An animated film called <a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz">Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz</a> was released in 2011 by Warner Home Video, incorporating <a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry" title="Tom and Jerry">Tom and Jerry</a> into the story as Dorothy's "protectors".<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> A sequel titled <a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry:_Back_to_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz">Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz</a> was released on DVD on June 21, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> In 2013, <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures" title="Walt Disney Pictures">Walt Disney Pictures</a> released a "<a href="/wiki/Spiritual_successor" title="Spiritual successor">spiritual prequel</a>" titled <a href="/wiki/Oz_the_Great_and_Powerful" title="Oz the Great and Powerful">Oz the Great and Powerful</a>. It was directed by <a href="/wiki/Sam_Raimi" title="Sam Raimi">Sam Raimi</a> and starred <a href="/wiki/James_Franco" title="James Franco">James Franco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mila_Kunis" title="Mila Kunis">Mila Kunis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Weisz" title="Rachel Weisz">Rachel Weisz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)" title="Michelle Williams (actress)">Michelle Williams</a>. It was the second film based on Baum's Oz series to be produced by Disney, after Return to Oz. It was a commercial success but received a mixed reception from critics.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> In 2014, independent film company Clarius Entertainment released a big-budget animated musical film, <a href="/wiki/Legends_of_Oz:_Dorothy%27s_Return" title="Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return">Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return</a>,<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> which follows Dorothy's second trip to Oz. The film fared poorly at the box office and was received negatively by critics, largely for its plot and unmemorable musical numbers. In February 2021, <a href="/wiki/New_Line_Cinema" title="New Line Cinema">New Line Cinema</a>, <a href="/wiki/Temple_Hill_Entertainment" title="Temple Hill Entertainment">Temple Hill Entertainment</a> and Wicked producer <a href="/wiki/Marc_Platt_(producer)" title="Marc Platt (producer)">Marc Platt</a> announced that a new film version of the original book is in the works with <a href="/wiki/Watchmen_(TV_series)" title="Watchmen (TV series)">Watchmen</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kassell" title="Nicole Kassell">Nicole Kassell</a> slated to direct the reimagining, which will have the option to include elements from the 1939 film.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> In August 2022, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/Kenya_Barris" title="Kenya Barris">Kenya Barris</a> would write and direct a modern remake.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> In January 2024, Barris confirmed that he finished penning the script and remarked "The original Wizard of Oz took place during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and it was about self-reliance and what people were going through, I think this is the perfect time to switch the characters and talk about what someone imagines their life could be. It's ultimately a <a href="/wiki/Hero%27s_journey" title="Hero's journey">hero's journey</a>, someone thinks something's better than where they're at, and they go and realize that where they're at is where they should be. I want people to be proud and happy about where they're from. But I want the world to take a look at it and I hope that will come through." This involved changing the time period to the present day and changing Dorothy's home from Kansas to the Bottoms of <a href="/wiki/Inglewood,_California" title="Inglewood, California">Inglewood, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> The 2024 marketing campaign for <a href="/wiki/American_Idol_(season_22)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Idol (season 22)">season 22</a> of <a href="/wiki/American_Idol" title="American Idol">American Idol</a> is directly themed after this film, complete with a commercial featuring <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Seacrest" title="Ryan Seacrest">Ryan Seacrest</a> and the judges <a href="/wiki/Katy_Perry" title="Katy Perry">Katy Perry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Richie" title="Lionel Richie">Lionel Richie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luke_Bryan" title="Luke Bryan">Luke Bryan</a> dressed as Tin Man, Dorothy, Cowardly Lion and Scarecrow following the "Golden Ticket Road" to <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a>. This was to reflect the show's plans to visit the judges' hometowns throughout the season.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_impact">Cultural impact</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Cultural impact">edit</a>]</div> According to the US Library of Congress exhibition The Wizard of Oz: an American Fairy Tale (2010):<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> <blockquote> The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is America's greatest and best-loved home-grown fairytale. The first totally American fantasy for children, it is one of the most-read children's books ... Despite its many particularly American attributes, including a wizard from Omaha, [the 1939 film adaptation] has universal appeal...<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Because of its many television showings between 1956 and 1974, it has been seen by more viewers than any other movie".<a href="#cite_note-Library_of_Congress-10">[10]</a></blockquote> In 1977, <a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Aljean Harmetz</a> wrote <a href="/wiki/The_Making_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Making of The Wizard of Oz">The Making of The Wizard of Oz</a>, a detailed description of the creation of the film based on interviews and research; it was updated in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ruby_slippers">Ruby slippers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Ruby slippers">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dorothy%27s_Ruby_Slippers,_Wizard_of_Oz_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Dorothy%27s_Ruby_Slippers%2C_Wizard_of_Oz_1938.jpg/220px-Dorothy%27s_Ruby_Slippers%2C_Wizard_of_Oz_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Dorothy%27s_Ruby_Slippers%2C_Wizard_of_Oz_1938.jpg/330px-Dorothy%27s_Ruby_Slippers%2C_Wizard_of_Oz_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Dorothy%27s_Ruby_Slippers%2C_Wizard_of_Oz_1938.jpg/440px-Dorothy%27s_Ruby_Slippers%2C_Wizard_of_Oz_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1294" data-file-height="889" /></a><figcaption>An original pair of the ruby slippers on display at the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a></figcaption></figure> Because of their iconic stature,<a href="#cite_note-SI-164">[164]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">ruby slippers</a> worn by Judy Garland in the film are now among the most treasured and valuable <a href="/wiki/Film_memorabilia" title="Film memorabilia">film memorabilia</a> in movie history.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Dorothy actually wore <a href="/wiki/Silver_Shoes" title="Silver Shoes">Silver Shoes</a> in the book series, but the color was changed to ruby to take advantage of the new Technicolor process. <a href="/wiki/Adrian_(costume_designer)" title="Adrian (costume designer)">Adrian</a>, MGM's chief costume designer, was responsible for the final design. Five known pairs of the slippers exist.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> Another, differently styled pair, not used in the film, was sold at auction by actress <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Reynolds" title="Debbie Reynolds">Debbie Reynolds</a> for $510,000 (not including the buyer's premium) in June 2011.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> One pair of Judy Garland's ruby slippers are located in Washington D.C. at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History">Smithsonian National Museum of American History</a>.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> In 2005, one of the pairs of the ruby slippers was stolen while on loan to the Judy Garland Museum in Garland's hometown. They were recovered in an FBI sting operation in 2018. At the time they were stolen, the slippers were insured for $1 million. As of 2023, the market value for them is about $3.5 million.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> In 2023, the slipper thief was indicted with one count of a major artwork theft. The shoes are one of four authentic pairs that are still intact.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dorothy's_dress_and_other_costumes">Dorothy's dress and other costumes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Dorothy's dress and other costumes">edit</a>]</div> In July 2021, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_America" title="Catholic University of America">Catholic University of America</a> reported that a dress worn by Dorothy, believed to have been given to Rev. <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hartke" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilbert Hartke">Gilbert Hartke</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mercedes_McCambridge" title="Mercedes McCambridge">Mercedes McCambridge</a> as a gift in 1973, was found in the university's Hartke Building after being missing for many years. The university said an expert on the movie's memorabilia at the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian's</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History">National Museum of American History</a> said five other dresses apparently worn by Judy Garland were "probably authentic". The dress found at the university had characteristics shared by the other five, including a "secret pocket" for Dorothy's handkerchief, and Garland's name written in a specific style. The university said the dress would be stored in Special Collections. Another of the dresses sold at auction in 2015 for nearly $1.6 million.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Many other costumes have fetched six-figure prices as memorabilia. See <a href="/wiki/List_of_film_memorabilia" title="List of film memorabilia">List of film memorabilia</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theme_park_attractions">Theme park attractions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Theme park attractions">edit</a>]</div> The Wizard of Oz has a presence at the <a href="/wiki/Disney_Parks_and_Resorts" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney Parks and Resorts">Disney Parks and Resorts</a>. The film had its own scene at <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Movie_Ride" title="The Great Movie Ride">The Great Movie Ride</a> at <a href="/wiki/Disney_Hollywood_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney Hollywood Studios">Disney Hollywood Studios</a> at <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_World_Resort" class="mw-redirect" title="Walt Disney World Resort">Walt Disney World Resort</a>, and is also represented in miniature at <a href="/wiki/Disneyland" title="Disneyland">Disneyland</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Storybook_Land_Canal_Boats" title="Storybook Land Canal Boats">Storybook Land Canal Boats</a> attraction in <a href="/wiki/Fantasyland" title="Fantasyland">Fantasyland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> The Great Movie Ride was shut down in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> On July 20, 2022, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Movie_World" title="Warner Bros. Movie World">Warner Bros. Movie World</a> would be adding a new precinct based on the 1939 film The Wizard Of Oz. It is to feature 2 coasters manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Vekoma" title="Vekoma">Vekoma</a> and will open in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Rainbow" title="The Dark Side of the Rainbow">The Dark Side of the Rainbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friend_of_Dorothy" title="Friend of Dorothy">Friend of Dorothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_interpretations_of_The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Political interpretations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">Political interpretations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_of_Oz_festival" title="Wizard of Oz festival">Wizard of Oz festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz" title="The Wiz">The Wiz</a> (musical)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz_(film)" title="The Wiz (film)">The Wiz</a> (film)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-afi-1"><a href="#cite_ref-afi_1-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/7892">The Wizard of Oz</a> at the <a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/the-wizard-of-oz-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yntgzmtu">"The Wizard Of Oz"</a> (Cinema). 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Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114034331/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2013-mar-11-la-et-mn-original-wizard-reaction-20130311-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved April 24, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=How+did+%27Wizard+of+Oz%27+fare+on+its+1939+release%3F&rft.date=2013-03-11&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Fla-xpm-2013-mar-11-la-et-mn-original-wizard-reaction-20130311-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fricke-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fricke_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fricke_9-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFricke1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Fricke" title="John Fricke">Fricke, John</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wizardofozoffici0000fric">The Wizard of Oz: The Official 50th Anniversary Pictorial History</a>. New York: Warner Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-446-51446-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-446-51446-0"><bdi>978-0-446-51446-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz%3A+The+Official+50th+Anniversary+Pictorial+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Warner+Books&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-446-51446-0&rft.aulast=Fricke&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwizardofozoffici0000fric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Library_of_Congress-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Library_of_Congress_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Library_of_Congress_10-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/oz/ozsect2.html">"To See The Wizard Oz on Stage and Film"</a>. Library of Congress. December 15, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180929091335/http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/oz/ozsect2.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2018. Retrieved April 16, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=To+See+The+Wizard+Oz+on+Stage+and+Film&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2010-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fexhibits%2Foz%2Fozsect2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-registrylist1-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-registrylist1_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-registrylist1_11-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-recording-preservation-board/recording-registry/complete-national-recording-registry-listing/">"Complete National Recording Registry Listing – National Recording Preservation Board – Library of Congress"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170107015811/https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-recording-preservation-board/recording-registry/complete-national-recording-registry-listing/">Archived</a> from the original on January 7, 2017. Retrieved March 18, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=Complete+National+Recording+Registry+Listing+%E2%80%93+National+Recording+Preservation+Board+%E2%80%93+Library+of+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fprograms%2Fnational-recording-preservation-board%2Frecording-registry%2Fcomplete-national-recording-registry-listing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html">"Film Registry Picks First 25 Movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. Washington, D.C. September 19, 1989. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200505082616/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Film+Registry+Picks+First+25+Movies&rft.date=1989-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090805040156/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D22303%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html">"The Wizard of Oz (Victor Fleming 1939), produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer"</a>. UNESCO Memory of the World Programme. 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May 6, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200528163305/https://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/lists/50-films-to-see-by-15">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=50+films+to+see+by+age+15&rft.pub=British+Film+Institute&rft.date=2020-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Flists%2F50-films-see-age-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afi.com/100Years/movies.aspx">"AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies"</a>. www.afi.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160515202027/http://www.afi.com/100years/movies.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on May 15, 2016. Retrieved August 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.afi.com&rft.atitle=AFI%27s+100+Years...100+Movies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afi.com%2F100Years%2Fmovies.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MLewis-17"><a href="#cite_ref-MLewis_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScarfoneStillman2018" class="citation book cs1">Scarfone, Jay; Stillman, William (2018). The Road to Oz: The Evolution, Creation, and Legacy of a Motion Picture Masterpiece. 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The Independent. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130114205803/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-adriana-caselotti-1277975.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2013. Retrieved October 8, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Adriana+Caselotti&rft.date=1997-02-10&rft.aulast=Sibley&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fobituary-adriana-caselotti-1277975.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiNardo1974" class="citation news cs1">DiNardo, John (June 21, 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/17268438/the-times-record/">"Fair 'Promoters' Having Fun"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Record_(Troy)" title="The Record (Troy)">The Times Record</a>. <a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy, New York</a>. p. 7 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+Record&rft.atitle=Fair+%27Promoters%27+Having+Fun&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1974-06-21&rft.aulast=DiNardo&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F17268438%2Fthe-times-record%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWittman1999" class="citation news cs1">Wittman, Bob (May 21, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/102562242/candy-candido-obituary-2/">"Candido (continued)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Morning_Call" title="The Morning Call">The Morning Call</a>. <a href="/wiki/Allentown,_Pennsylvania" title="Allentown, Pennsylvania">Allentown, Pennsylvania</a>. p. 29 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Morning+Call&rft.atitle=Candido+%28continued%29&rft.pages=29&rft.date=1999-05-21&rft.aulast=Wittman&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F102562242%2Fcandy-candido-obituary-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fricke2-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Fricke2_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrickeScarfoneStillman1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Fricke" title="John Fricke">Fricke, John</a>; Scarfone, Jay; Stillman, William (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wizardofozoffici0000fric/page/18">The Wizard of Oz: The Official 50th Anniversary Pictorial History</a>. New York, NY: Warner Books, Inc. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wizardofozoffici0000fric/page/18">18</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-446-51446-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-446-51446-0"><bdi>978-0-446-51446-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz%3A+The+Official+50th+Anniversary+Pictorial+History&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Warner+Books%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-446-51446-0&rft.aulast=Fricke&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Scarfone%2C+Jay&rft.au=Stillman%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwizardofozoffici0000fric%2Fpage%2F18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic_22-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic_22-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheMakingOfAMovieClassic_22-4">e</a> The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the Making of a Movie Classic (1990). 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See the Chapter "Special Effects. </li> <li id="cite_note-Coan-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Coan_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoan2011" class="citation news cs1">Coan, Stephen (December 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.witness.co.za/index.php?showcontent&global%5B_id%5D=73897">"KZN's very own screen wizard"</a>. The Witness. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140424044747/http://www.witness.co.za/index.php?showcontent&global%5B_id%5D=73897">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2014. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thewizardofoz.warnerbros.com/movie/cmp/timeline.html">the original</a> on September 7, 2007. Retrieved September 10, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wizard+of+Oz+Timeline&rft.pub=Warnerbros.com&rft.au=Warner+Bros&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthewizardofoz.warnerbros.com%2Fmovie%2Fcmp%2Ftimeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-democracynow.org-26"><a href="#cite_ref-democracynow.org_26-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=04/11/25/0832252">Democracy Now. November 25, 2004</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071114223630/http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=04%2F11%2F25%2F0832252">Archived</a> November 14, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFordin1976" class="citation book cs1">Fordin, Hugh (1976). World of Entertainment. Avon Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-380-00754-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-380-00754-7"><bdi>978-0-380-00754-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+of+Entertainment&rft.pub=Avon+Books&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-380-00754-7&rft.aulast=Fordin&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001433010">"Hollywood Reporter"</a>. October 20, 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hollywood+Reporter&rft.date=2005-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fhr%2Fsearch%2Farticle_display.jsp%3Fvnu_content_id%3D1001433010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarke2001" class="citation book cs1">Clarke, Gerald (2001). Get Happy: The Life of Judy Garland. Delta. p. 94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-33515-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-33515-7"><bdi>978-0-385-33515-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Get+Happy%3A+The+Life+of+Judy+Garland&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=Delta&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-385-33515-7&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cemeteryguide.com-30"><a href="#cite_ref-cemeteryguide.com_30-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cemeteryguide.com/bolger.html">Cemetery Guide, Hollywood Remains to Be Seen, Mark Masek</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100521032017/http://cemeteryguide.com/bolger.html">Archived</a> May 21, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Fricke, John and Scarfone and William Stillman. The Wizard of Oz: The Official 50th Anniversary Pictorial History, Warner Books, 1989 </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/back-making-wizard-oz/story?id=18668718">"Look Back at Making of 'Wizard of Oz'"</a>. ABC News. Retrieved November 28, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Look+Back+at+Making+of+%27Wizard+of+Oz%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FEntertainment%2Fback-making-wizard-oz%2Fstory%3Fid%3D18668718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nissen2007-33"><a href="#cite_ref-Nissen2007_33-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNissen2007" class="citation book cs1">Nissen, Axel (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IbpwDl1nt0MC&pg=PA196">Actresses of a Certain Character: Forty Familiar Hollywood Faces from the Thirties to the Fifties</a>. McFarland & Company. pp. 196–202. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2746-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2746-8"><bdi>978-0-7864-2746-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801212636/https://books.google.com/books?id=IbpwDl1nt0MC&pg=PA196">Archived</a> from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Actresses+of+a+Certain+Character%3A+Forty+Familiar+Hollywood+Faces+from+the+Thirties+to+the+Fifties&rft.pages=196-202&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-2746-8&rft.aulast=Nissen&rft.aufirst=Axel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIbpwDl1nt0MC%26pg%3DPA196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lev2013-34"><a href="#cite_ref-Lev2013_34-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLev2013" class="citation book cs1">Lev, Peter (March 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dA3LcAd5O5gC&pg=PA68">Twentieth Century-Fox: The Zanuck-Skouras Years, 1935–1965</a>. University of Texas Press. pp. 67–68. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-292-74447-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-292-74447-9"><bdi>978-0-292-74447-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801211852/https://books.google.com/books?id=dA3LcAd5O5gC&pg=PA68">Archived</a> from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Twentieth+Century-Fox%3A+The+Zanuck-Skouras+Years%2C+1935%E2%80%931965&rft.pages=67-68&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2013-03-15&rft.isbn=978-0-292-74447-9&rft.aulast=Lev&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdA3LcAd5O5gC%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Patrick_Hearn" title="Michael Patrick Hearn">Hearn, Michael Patrick</a>. Keynote address. <a href="/wiki/The_International_Wizard_of_Oz_Club" title="The International Wizard of Oz Club">The International Wizard of Oz Club</a> Centennial convention. <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University" title="Indiana University">Indiana University</a>, August 2000. </li> <li id="cite_note-Care_45–47-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Care_45–47_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Care_45–47_36-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCare1980" class="citation journal cs1">Care, Ross (July 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fq.ucpress.edu/content/33/4/45.full.pdf">"Two Animation Books: The Animated Raggedy Ann and Andy; John Canemaker; The Making of the Wizard of Oz . Aljean Harmetz"</a> (PDF). Film Quarterly. 33 (4): 45–47. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Ffq.1980.33.4.04a00350">10.1525/fq.1980.33.4.04a00350</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0015-1386">0015-1386</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114034258/https://online.ucpress.edu/fq/article-abstract/33/4/45/40036/Two-Animation-Books?redirectedFrom=PDF">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Film+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Two+Animation+Books%3A+The+Animated+Raggedy+Ann+and+Andy%3B+John+Canemaker%3B+The+Making+of+the+Wizard+of+Oz+.+Aljean+Harmetz.&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=45-47&rft.date=1980-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Ffq.1980.33.4.04a00350&rft.issn=0015-1386&rft.aulast=Care&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffq.ucpress.edu%2Fcontent%2F33%2F4%2F45.full.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmalling1989" class="citation book cs1">Smalling, Allen (1989). The Making of the Wizard of Oz: Movie Magic and Studio Power in the Prime of MGM. Hyperion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7868-8352-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7868-8352-3"><bdi>978-0-7868-8352-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+the+Wizard+of+Oz%3A+Movie+Magic+and+Studio+Power+in+the+Prime+of+MGM&rft.pub=Hyperion&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-7868-8352-3&rft.aulast=Smalling&rft.aufirst=Allen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrod2015" class="citation news cs1">Harrod, Horatia (December 25, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/the-wizard-of-oz/making-of-facts-trivia/">"Stormier than Kansas: how The Wizard of Oz was made"</a>. The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200509133245/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/the-wizard-of-oz/making-of-facts-trivia/">Archived</a> from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Stormier+than+Kansas%3A+how+The+Wizard+of+Oz+was+made&rft.date=2015-12-25&rft.aulast=Harrod&rft.aufirst=Horatia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffilm%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz%2Fmaking-of-facts-trivia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards" class="citation web cs1">Edwards, Owen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/without-camera-emerald-city-would-have-been-color-mud-180961463/">"Without This Camera, the Emerald City Would Have Been the Color of Mud"</a>. Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved September 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=Without+This+Camera%2C+the+Emerald+City+Would+Have+Been+the+Color+of+Mud&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fsmithsonian-institution%2Fwithout-camera-emerald-city-would-have-been-color-mud-180961463%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Interview of <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> (1990). The Wonderful Wizard of Oz: 50 Years of Magic. Jack Haley Jr Productions.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wonderful+Wizard+of+Oz%3A+50+Years+of+Magic&rft.pub=Jack+Haley+Jr+Productions&rft.date=1990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeopold2014" class="citation web cs1">Leopold, Ted (August 25, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/25/showbiz/the-wizard-of-oz-75th-anniversary/index.html">"'The Wizard of Oz' at 75: Did you know...?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170902003320/http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/25/showbiz/the-wizard-of-oz-75th-anniversary/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved September 1, 2017. <q>Margaret Hamilton's copper-based makeup as the Wicked Witch was poisonous, so she lived on a liquid diet during the film, and the makeup was carefully cleaned off her each day.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27The+Wizard+of+Oz%27+at+75%3A+Did+you+know...%3F&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2014-08-25&rft.aulast=Leopold&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F08%2F25%2Fshowbiz%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-75th-anniversary%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiggins2000" class="citation journal cs1">Higgins, Scott (2000). "Demonstrating Three-Colour Technicolor: "Early Three-Colour Aesthetics and Design"". Film History. 12 (4): 358–383. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2979%2FFIL.2000.12.3.358">10.2979/FIL.2000.12.3.358</a> (inactive November 1, 2024). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0892-2160">0892-2160</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3815345">3815345</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Film+History&rft.atitle=Demonstrating+Three-Colour+Technicolor%3A+%22Early+Three-Colour+Aesthetics+and+Design%22&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=358-383&rft.date=2000&rft.issn=0892-2160&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3815345%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2979%2FFIL.2000.12.3.358&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAylesworth1984" class="citation book cs1">Aylesworth, Thomas (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofmoviemu0000ayle/page/97">History of Movie Musicals</a>. New York City: Gallery Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofmoviemu0000ayle/page/97">97</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8317-4467-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8317-4467-0"><bdi>978-0-8317-4467-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Movie+Musicals&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=97&rft.pub=Gallery+Books&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-8317-4467-0&rft.aulast=Aylesworth&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofmoviemu0000ayle%2Fpage%2F97&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-harmetz-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-harmetz_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-harmetz_44-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz2013" class="citation book cs1">Harmetz, Aljean (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nSFQAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA272">The Making of The Wizard of Oz</a>. Chicago Review Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61374-835-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61374-835-0"><bdi>978-1-61374-835-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114034259/https://books.google.com/books?id=nSFQAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA272">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+The+Wizard+of+Oz&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-61374-835-0&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnSFQAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA272&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_45-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/11/14/ill-ruin-you-judy-garland-on-being-groped-and-harassed-by-powerful-hollywood-men/">"'I'll ruin you': Judy Garland on being groped and harassed by powerful Hollywood men"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. 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Retrieved May 25, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Claims+that+Wizard+of+Oz+munchkins+molested+Judy+Garland+deserve+a+response&rft.date=2018-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2018-04-04%2Fwhy-it-was-so-important-to-find-the-last-surviving-munchkin%2F9610256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFahcadmin2024" class="citation web cs1">ahcadmin (August 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ahcwyo.org/2024/08/05/behind-the-curtain-a-look-at-the-wizard-of-ozs-difficult-production-85-years-later/">"Behind the Curtain: A Look at The Wizard of Oz's Difficult Production 85 Years Later"</a>. American Heritage Center (AHC) #AlwaysArchiving. 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The Telegraph. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. 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Hal Leonard Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61774-843-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61774-843-1"><bdi>978-1-61774-843-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114034258/https://books.google.com/books?id=D0w5WxGi0ggC&pg=PA99">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wizardry+of+Oz&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard+Corporation&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-61774-843-1&rft.aulast=Scarfone&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.au=Stillman%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD0w5WxGi0ggC%26pg%3DPA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/wizard-of-oz-cowardly-lion-costume-casablanca-piano-sell-at-auction/">""The Wizard of Oz" Cowardly Lion costume fetches $3 million at auction"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. CBS/AP. November 25, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180823105726/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/wizard-of-oz-cowardly-lion-costume-casablanca-piano-sell-at-auction/">Archived</a> from the original on August 23, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=%22The+Wizard+of+Oz%22+Cowardly+Lion+costume+fetches+%243+million+at+auction&rft.date=2014-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fwizard-of-oz-cowardly-lion-costume-casablanca-piano-sell-at-auction%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220523144500/https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/dark-secrets-behind-the-making-of-the-wizard-of-oz.html/">"'The Wizard of Oz': Dark Secrets Behind the Making of the Hollywood Classic"</a>. August 24, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/dark-secrets-behind-the-making-of-the-wizard-of-oz.html/">the original</a> on May 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27The+Wizard+of+Oz%27%3A+Dark+Secrets+Behind+the+Making+of+the+Hollywood+Classic&rft.date=2018-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cheatsheet.com%2Fentertainment%2Fdark-secrets-behind-the-making-of-the-wizard-of-oz.html%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmythe2019" class="citation web cs1">Smythe, Philippa (September 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103164324/https://thefashionball.com/celebrity/wizard-of-oz-secrets-tw/">"25 Wonderful and Weird Behind-The-Scenes Facts About The Wizard Of Oz"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thefashionball.com/celebrity/wizard-of-oz-secrets-tw/">the original</a> on November 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=25+Wonderful+and+Weird+Behind-The-Scenes+Facts+About+The+Wizard+Of+Oz&rft.date=2019-09-02&rft.aulast=Smythe&rft.aufirst=Philippa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthefashionball.com%2Fcelebrity%2Fwizard-of-oz-secrets-tw%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRushdie1992" class="citation book cs1">Rushdie, Salman (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Rq46IH1nWb8C&pg=PA4">The Wizard of Oz</a>. Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-300-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-300-8"><bdi>978-0-85170-300-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819210740/https://books.google.com/books?id=Rq46IH1nWb8C&pg=PA4">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-85170-300-8&rft.aulast=Rushdie&rft.aufirst=Salman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRq46IH1nWb8C%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEschner" class="citation web cs1">Eschner, Kat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/crazy-tricks-early-filmmakers-used-fake-snow-180961522/">"The Crazy Tricks Early Filmmakers Used To Fake Snow"</a>. Smithsonian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180821093747/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/crazy-tricks-early-filmmakers-used-fake-snow-180961522/">Archived</a> from the original on August 21, 2018. Retrieved August 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian&rft.atitle=The+Crazy+Tricks+Early+Filmmakers+Used+To+Fake+Snow&rft.aulast=Eschner&rft.aufirst=Kat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fsmart-news%2Fcrazy-tricks-early-filmmakers-used-fake-snow-180961522%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCullochTweedale2008" class="citation book cs1">McCulloch, Jock; Tweedale, Geoffrey (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CWTeH9GJsfgC&pg=PA18">Defending the Indefensible: The Global Asbestos Industry and its Fight for Survival</a>. OUP Oxford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-156008-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-156008-8"><bdi>978-0-19-156008-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190908043518/https://books.google.com/books?id=CWTeH9GJsfgC&pg=PA18">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Defending+the+Indefensible%3A+The+Global+Asbestos+Industry+and+its+Fight+for+Survival&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-19-156008-8&rft.aulast=McCulloch&rft.aufirst=Jock&rft.au=Tweedale%2C+Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCWTeH9GJsfgC%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110513210807/http://www.thejudyroom.com/news-oz.html#brain">"The Wizard of Oz 70th Anniversary News"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejudyroom.com/news-oz.html#brain">the original</a> on May 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+70th+Anniversary+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejudyroom.com%2Fnews-oz.html%23brain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-wizard-of-oz-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0000053200">"The Wizard of Oz [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack] – Original Soundtrack – Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards"</a>. AllMusic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809095844/https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-wizard-of-oz-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0000053200">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+%5BOriginal+Motion+Picture+Soundtrack%5D+%E2%80%93+Original+Soundtrack+%E2%80%93+Songs%2C+Reviews%2C+Credits%2C+Awards&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0000053200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> The Wizard of Oz: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack – The Deluxe Edition, 2-CD set, original recording remastered, <a href="/wiki/Rhino_Entertainment" title="Rhino Entertainment">Rhino Records</a> # 71964 (July 18, 1995) </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> Warner Bros. 2005 The Wizard of Oz Collector's Edition DVD edition, program notes and audio extras. </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Orozco, Lance. "He Was a Hollywood Pioneer, but the Central Coast Man Is Now Largely Forgotten.” KCLU, KCLU, 24 Apr. 2024, www.kclu.org/local-news/2024-04-24/he-was-a-hollywood-pioneer-but-the-central-coast-man-is-now-largely-forgotten. . </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> The Making of the Wizard of Oz – Movie Magic and Studio Power in the Prime of MGM – and the Miracle of Production #1060, 10th Edition, Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc./Random House, 1989. </li> <li id="cite_note-geo-74"><a href="#cite_ref-geo_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071114114015/http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Hills/6396/timeline.htm">""The Wizard of Oz"... A Movie Timeline"</a>. Jim's "Wizard of Oz" Website Directory. geocities.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Hills/6396/timeline.htm">the original</a> on November 14, 2007. Retrieved September 10, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jim%27s+%22Wizard+of+Oz%22+Website+Directory&rft.atitle=%22The+Wizard+of+Oz%22...+A+Movie+Timeline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.com%2FHollywood%2FHills%2F6396%2Ftimeline.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/7892">"AFI|Catalog"</a>. catalog.afi.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200125153124/https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/7892">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=catalog.afi.com&rft.atitle=AFI%7CCatalog&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.afi.com%2FCatalog%2Fmoviedetails%2F7892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> Down The Yellow Brick Road: The Making of The Wizard Of Oz"McClelland, 1976 Publisher Pyramid Publications (Harcourt Brace Jonavich) </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2009" class="citation web cs1">Williams, Scott (July 21, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jsonline.com/news/waukesha/51361182.html">"Hello, yellow brick road"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Journal_Sentinel" title="Milwaukee Journal Sentinel">Milwaukee Journal Sentinel</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100116025719/http://www.jsonline.com/news/waukesha/51361182.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 16, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2011. <q>John Fricke, a historian who has written books about The Wizard of Oz, said that MGM executives arranged advance screenings in a handful of small communities to find out how audiences would respond to the musical adventure, which cost nearly $3 million to produce. Fricke said he believes the first showings were on the 11th, one day before Oconomowoc's preview, on Cape Cod in Dennis, Massachusetts, and in another southeastern Wisconsin community, Kenosha.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hello%2C+yellow+brick+road&rft.pub=Milwaukee+Journal+Sentinel&rft.date=2009-07-21&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jsonline.com%2Fnews%2Fwaukesha%2F51361182.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mad2009-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mad2009_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mad2009_78-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCisar2009" class="citation web cs1">Cisar, Katjusa (August 18, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://host.madison.com/article_5c61ec86-41d1-5eef-a2da-e2ad874a4aeb.html">"No Place Like Home: 'Wizard of Oz' premiered here 70 years ago"</a>. Madison.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170825104341/http://host.madison.com/article_5c61ec86-41d1-5eef-a2da-e2ad874a4aeb.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 25, 2017. Retrieved October 21, 2011. <q>Oconomowoc's Strand Theatre was one of three small-town movie theaters across the country where "Oz" premiered in the days prior to its official Hollywood opening on Aug. 15, 1939 ... It's possible that one of the other two test sites – Kenosha and the Cape Cinema in Dennis, Massachusetts – screened the film a day earlier, but Oconomowoc is the only one to lay claim and embrace the world premiere as its own.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No+Place+Like+Home%3A+%27Wizard+of+Oz%27+premiered+here+70+years+ago&rft.pub=Madison.com&rft.date=2009-08-18&rft.aulast=Cisar&rft.aufirst=Katjusa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhost.madison.com%2Farticle_5c61ec86-41d1-5eef-a2da-e2ad874a4aeb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj-79"><a href="#cite_ref-wsj_79-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Beloved movie's premiere was far from L.A. limelight". Wisconsin State Journal. August 12, 2009. p. a2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wisconsin+State+Journal&rft.atitle=Beloved+movie%27s+premiere+was+far+from+L.A.+limelight&rft.pages=a2&rft.date=2009-08-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/graumans-chinese-theatre-makeover-hollywood-279246">"Grauman's Chinese Makeover: How the Hollywood Landmark Will Be Revamped"</a>. The Hollywood Reporter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803123252/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/graumans-chinese-theatre-makeover-hollywood-279246">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved April 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Grauman%27s+Chinese+Makeover%3A+How+the+Hollywood+Landmark+Will+Be+Revamped&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Fgraumans-chinese-theatre-makeover-hollywood-279246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan.1956" class="citation magazine cs1">Chan. (November 7, 1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/variety204-1956-11/page/n33">"Television reviews: Wizard of Oz"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. p. 33. Retrieved October 27, 2019 – via <a href="/wiki/Archive.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.org">Archive.org</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Television+reviews%3A+Wizard+of+Oz&rft.pages=33&rft.date=1956-11-07&rft.au=Chan.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvariety204-1956-11%2Fpage%2Fn33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooksMarsh2003" class="citation book cs1">Brooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle (2003). "Ford Star Jubilee". The Complete Directory to Prime Time Cable and Network Shows 1946 – present. <a href="/wiki/Ballantine_Books" title="Ballantine Books">Ballantine Books</a>. p. 425. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-345-45542-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-345-45542-0"><bdi>978-0-345-45542-0</bdi></a>. <q>Last telecast: November 3, 1956 ... The last telecast of Ford Star Jubilee, however, was really something special. It was the first airing of what later became a television tradition – Garland's classic 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, with Judy's 10-year-old daughter <a href="/wiki/Liza_Minnelli" title="Liza Minnelli">Liza Minnelli</a> and Lahr (the Cowardly Lion from the film) on hand to introduce it.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ford+Star+Jubilee&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Directory+to+Prime+Time+Cable+and+Network+Shows+1946+%E2%80%93+present&rft.pages=425&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-345-45542-0&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.au=Marsh%2C+Earle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rating-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rating_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rating_83-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Hit Movies on U.S. TV Since 1961". <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. January 24, 1990. p. 160.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Hit+Movies+on+U.S.+TV+Since+1961&rft.pages=160&rft.date=1990-01-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bufvc.ac.uk/articles/feature-films-on-british-television-in-the-1970s/4">"Feature Films on British Television in the 1970s · British Universities Film & Video Council"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Feature+Films+on+British+Television+in+the+1970s+%C2%B7+British+Universities+Film+%26+Video+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbufvc.ac.uk%2Farticles%2Ffeature-films-on-british-television-in-the-1970s%2F4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mCQEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22MGM+CBS%22+Billboard&pg=PT58">"MGM/CBS Home Video ad"</a>. Billboard. November 22, 1980. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114034259/https://books.google.com/books?id=mCQEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22MGM+CBS%22+Billboard&pg=PT58">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=MGM%2FCBS+Home+Video+ad&rft.date=1980-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmCQEAAAAMBAJ%26q%3D%2522MGM%2BCBS%2522%2BBillboard%26pg%3DPT58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulien_Wilk2010" class="citation web cs1">Julien Wilk (February 28, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lddb.com/search/IMDb/0032138">"LaserDisc Database – Search: Wizard of Oz"</a>. Lddb.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816075516/http://www.lddb.com/search/IMDb/0032138">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2012. Retrieved March 6, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LaserDisc+Database+%E2%80%93+Search%3A+Wizard+of+Oz&rft.pub=Lddb.com&rft.date=2010-02-28&rft.au=Julien+Wilk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lddb.com%2Fsearch%2FIMDb%2F0032138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wendyswizardofoz.com/selectavision.html">"WOO CED Exclusive"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141125143751/http://www.wendyswizardofoz.com/selectavision.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2014. Retrieved July 7, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WOO+CED+Exclusive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wendyswizardofoz.com%2Fselectavision.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.primefocusworld.com/wizard-of-oz/">"The Wizard of Oz (1939) 3D"</a>. Prime Focus World. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160421220736/http://www.primefocusworld.com/wizard-of-oz/">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2016. Retrieved April 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Prime+Focus+World&rft.atitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+%281939%29+3D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.primefocusworld.com%2Fwizard-of-oz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highdefdigest.com/news/show/MGM/Warner_Home_Video/Film_Restoration/Michael_S._Palmer/Off_To_See_The_Wizards:_HDD_Gets_An_In_Depth_Look_at_the_Restoration_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%28UPDATED_-_Before_and_After_Pics!%29/3397">"Off To See The Wizards: HDD Gets An In Depth Look at the Restoration of 'The Wizard of Oz'"</a>. Highdefdigest.com. September 11, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100212163510/http://www.highdefdigest.com/news/show/MGM/Warner_Home_Video/Film_Restoration/Michael_S._Palmer/Off_To_See_The_Wizards:_HDD_Gets_An_In_Depth_Look_at_the_Restoration_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz_(UPDATED_-_Before_and_After_Pics!)/3397">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2010. Retrieved March 6, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Off+To+See+The+Wizards%3A+HDD+Gets+An+In+Depth+Look+at+the+Restoration+of+%27The+Wizard+of+Oz%27&rft.pub=Highdefdigest.com&rft.date=2009-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highdefdigest.com%2Fnews%2Fshow%2FMGM%2FWarner_Home_Video%2FFilm_Restoration%2FMichael_S._Palmer%2FOff_To_See_The_Wizards%3A_HDD_Gets_An_In_Depth_Look_at_the_Restoration_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%2528UPDATED_-_Before_and_After_Pics%21%2529%2F3397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blu-ray.com/movies/The-Wizard-of-Oz-Blu-ray/7704/">The Wizard of Oz Blu-ray Release Date December 1, 2009</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200407140928/https://www.blu-ray.com/movies/The-Wizard-of-Oz-Blu-ray/7704/">archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2020, retrieved March 5, 2020</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+Blu-ray+Release+Date+December+1%2C+2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blu-ray.com%2Fmovies%2FThe-Wizard-of-Oz-Blu-ray%2F7704%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blu-ray.com/dvd/The-Wizard-of-Oz-DVD/21580/">The Wizard of Oz DVD Release Date March 16, 2010</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200407142219/https://www.blu-ray.com/dvd/The-Wizard-of-Oz-DVD/21580/">archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2020, retrieved March 5, 2020</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+DVD+Release+Date+March+16%2C+2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blu-ray.com%2Fdvd%2FThe-Wizard-of-Oz-DVD%2F21580%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMAX_3D-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMAX_3D_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMAX_3D_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://family-room.ew.com/2013/06/04/wizard-of-oz-imax-3d-run/">"'Wizard of Oz' coming back to theaters for IMAX 3D run"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130616024513/http://family-room.ew.com/2013/06/04/wizard-of-oz-imax-3d-run/">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Wizard+of+Oz%27+coming+back+to+theaters+for+IMAX+3D+run&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffamily-room.ew.com%2F2013%2F06%2F04%2Fwizard-of-oz-imax-3d-run%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etonline.com/movies/125577_Wizard_of_Oz_Goes_3D_for_WB_90th_Celebration/">"'Wizard of Oz' Goes 3D for W.B. 90th Celebration"</a>. ETonline.com. October 3, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121210043023/http://www.etonline.com/movies/125577_Wizard_of_Oz_Goes_3D_for_WB_90th_Celebration/">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2012. Retrieved November 2, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Wizard+of+Oz%27+Goes+3D+for+W.B.+90th+Celebration&rft.pub=ETonline.com&rft.date=2012-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etonline.com%2Fmovies%2F125577_Wizard_of_Oz_Goes_3D_for_WB_90th_Celebration%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715003608/http://steelbookreview.com/shop/the-wizard-of-oz-3d-best-buy-futurepak/">"WOO Best Buy SteelBook Exclusive"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://steelbookreview.com/shop/the-wizard-of-oz-3d-best-buy-futurepak">the original</a> on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 7, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WOO+Best+Buy+SteelBook+Exclusive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsteelbookreview.com%2Fshop%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-3d-best-buy-futurepak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=3480">"WOO Target Exclusive"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123200711/https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=3480">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2018. Retrieved July 7, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WOO+Target+Exclusive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blu-ray.com%2Fnews%2F%3Fid%3D3480&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=25610">The Wizard of Oz 4K Blu-ray</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190826015002/https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=25610">Archived</a> August 26, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Blu-ray.com. August 23, 2019. </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=35041">"Wizard of OZ: 85th Anniversary Theater Edition 4K Blu-ray"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wizard+of+OZ%3A+85th+Anniversary+Theater+Edition+4K+Blu-ray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blu-ray.com%2Fnews%2F%3Fid%3D35041&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruz2010" class="citation magazine cs1">Cruz, Gilbert (August 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://entertainment.time.com/2010/08/30/top-10-movie-rereleases/slide/the-wizard-of-oz/">"The Wizard of Oz"</a>. Time. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111218015045/http://entertainment.time.com/2010/08/30/top-10-movie-rereleases/slide/the-wizard-of-oz/">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz&rft.date=2010-08-30&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Gilbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.time.com%2F2010%2F08%2F30%2Ftop-10-movie-rereleases%2Fslide%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100112202639/http://www.kiddiematinee.com/w-woz.html">"The Wizard of Oz (1939, U.S.)"</a>. Kiddiematinee.com. November 3, 1956. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kiddiematinee.com/w-woz.html">the original</a> on January 12, 2010. Retrieved March 6, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+%281939%2C+U.S.%29&rft.pub=Kiddiematinee.com&rft.date=1956-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kiddiematinee.com%2Fw-woz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=wizardofoz01.htm">"The Wizard of Oz (2002 re-issue) (2002)"</a>. boxofficemojo.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181124055031/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=wizardofoz01.htm">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved April 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+%282002+re-issue%29+%282002%29&rft.pub=boxofficemojo.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fboxofficemojo.com%2Fmovies%2F%3Fid%3Dwizardofoz01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://clclt.com/charlotte/the-wizard-of-oz-70th-anniversary-encore-event/Film?oid=2365152">"The Wizard of Oz 70th Anniversary Encore Event"</a>. Creative Loading. November 17, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170830102752/https://clclt.com/charlotte/the-wizard-of-oz-70th-anniversary-encore-event/Film?oid=2365152">Archived</a> from the original on August 30, 2017. Retrieved August 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+70th+Anniversary+Encore+Event&rft.date=2009-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclclt.com%2Fcharlotte%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-70th-anniversary-encore-event%2FFilm%3Foid%3D2365152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraser2013" class="citation web cs1">Graser, Marc (August 28, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2013/biz/news/warner-bros-plans-25-million-campaign-around-the-wizard-of-oz-anniversary-1200590969/">"Warner Bros. Plans $25 Million Campaign Around 'The Wizard of Oz'"</a>. Variety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130902211830/http://variety.com/2013/biz/news/warner-bros-plans-25-million-campaign-around-the-wizard-of-oz-anniversary-1200590969/">Archived</a> from the original on September 2, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Warner+Bros.+Plans+%2425+Million+Campaign+Around+%27The+Wizard+of+Oz%27&rft.date=2013-08-28&rft.aulast=Graser&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2013%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fwarner-bros-plans-25-million-campaign-around-the-wizard-of-oz-anniversary-1200590969%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=wizardofozimax.htm">"The Wizard of Oz (3D/IMAX) (2013)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. October 17, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170825142932/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=wizardofozimax.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 25, 2017. Retrieved August 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+%283D%2FIMAX%29+%282013%29&rft.date=2013-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fmovies%2F%3Fid%3Dwizardofozimax.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHicks2013" class="citation web cs1">Hicks, Chris (August 14, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235408/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865584657/6The-Wizard-of-Oz7-reissue-could-signal-the-end-of-the-G-rating.html?pg=all">"Chris Hicks: 'The Wizard of Oz' reissue could signal the end of the G rating"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deseret_News" title="Deseret News">Deseret News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865584657/6The-Wizard-of-Oz7-reissue-could-signal-the-end-of-the-G-rating.html?pg=all">the original</a> on March 3, 2016. Retrieved May 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Chris+Hicks%3A+%27The+Wizard+of+Oz%27+reissue+could+signal+the+end+of+the+G+rating&rft.date=2013-08-14&rft.aulast=Hicks&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseretnews.com%2Farticle%2F865584657%2F6The-Wizard-of-Oz7-reissue-could-signal-the-end-of-the-G-rating.html%3Fpg%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amctheatres.com/movies/tcm-presents-the-wizard-of-oz">"TCM Presents The Wizard of Oz"</a>. Variety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150929161825/https://www.amctheatres.com/movies/tcm-presents-the-wizard-of-oz">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2015. Retrieved September 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=TCM+Presents+The+Wizard+of+Oz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amctheatres.com%2Fmovies%2Ftcm-presents-the-wizard-of-oz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aol.com/article/entertainment/2019/01/24/the-wizard-of-oz-to-return-to-theaters-for-80th-anniversary/23651755/">"'Wizard of Oz' is returning to theaters for its 80th anniversary"</a>. January 24, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190202042002/https://www.aol.com/article/entertainment/2019/01/24/the-wizard-of-oz-to-return-to-theaters-for-80th-anniversary/23651755/">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2019. Retrieved February 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Wizard+of+Oz%27+is+returning+to+theaters+for+its+80th+anniversary&rft.date=2019-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aol.com%2Farticle%2Fentertainment%2F2019%2F01%2F24%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-to-return-to-theaters-for-80th-anniversary%2F23651755%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> Miller, Caroline. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movieweb.com/the-wizard-of-oz-returns-to-theaters/">"The Wizard of Oz Returns to Theaters for Judy Garland's 100 Birthday Celebration"</a>, Movieweb.com, May 8, 2022 </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnes2023" class="citation web cs1">Barnes, Mike (December 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/big-screen-classics-2024-1235753916/">"'Wizard of Oz,' 'Rear Window,' 'Gone With the Wind,' 'Blazing Saddles' on Big Screen Classics 2024 Lineup (Exclusive)"</a>. Hollywood Reporter.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Wizard+of+Oz%2C%27+%27Rear+Window%2C%27+%27Gone+With+the+Wind%2C%27+%27Blazing+Saddles%27+on+Big+Screen+Classics+2024+Lineup+%28Exclusive%29&rft.pub=Hollywood+Reporter&rft.date=2023-12-14&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-news%2Fbig-screen-classics-2024-1235753916%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBogosian2014" class="citation news cs1">Bogosian, Ted (August 15, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nj.com/opinion/2014/08/the_enduring_wonder_of_the_wizard_of_oz_opinion.html">"The enduring wonder of 'The Wizard of Oz': Opinion"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Star-Ledger" title="The Star-Ledger">The Star-Ledger</a>. 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Nugent">Nugent, Frank S.</a> (August 18, 1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9B07EEDD1138EE3BBC4052DFBE668382629EDE">"The Wizard of Oz, Produced by the Wizards of Hollywood, Works Its Magic on the Capitol's Screen"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719202121/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9B07EEDD1138EE3BBC4052DFBE668382629EDE">Archived</a> from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz%2C+Produced+by+the+Wizards+of+Hollywood%2C+Works+Its+Magic+on+the+Capitol%27s+Screen&rft.date=1939-08-18&rft.aulast=Nugent&rft.aufirst=Frank+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9B07EEDD1138EE3BBC4052DFBE668382629EDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlinn1939" class="citation web cs1">Flinn, John C. (August 16, 1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1939/film/reviews/the-wizard-of-oz-3-1200412289/">"Review: 'The Wizard of Oz'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150930022052/http://variety.com/1939/film/reviews/the-wizard-of-oz-3-1200412289/">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Review%3A+%27The+Wizard+of+Oz%27&rft.date=1939-08-16&rft.aulast=Flinn&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1939%2Ffilm%2Freviews%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-3-1200412289%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/harrisonsreports21harr#page/n161/mode/2up">"The Wizard of Oz"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harrison%27s_Reports" title="Harrison's Reports">Harrison's Reports</a>. 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Ballantine Books. p. 84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-345-28407-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-345-28407-5"><bdi>978-0-345-28407-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rainbow%3A+The+Stormy+Life+Of+Judy+Garland&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-345-28407-5&rft.aulast=Finch&rft.aufirst=Christofer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199791286/obo-9780199791286-0360.xml">"The Wizard of Oz"</a>. obo. 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Retrieved August 30, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+%281939%29&rft.pub=rogerebert.com&rft.date=1996-12-22&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frogerebert.suntimes.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D%2F19961222%2FREVIEWS08%2F401010348%2F1023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRushdie2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Salman_Rushdie" title="Salman Rushdie">Rushdie, Salman</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=clnSeZfFrY8C">The Wizard of Oz</a>. BFI Pub. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-300-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-300-8"><bdi>978-0-85170-300-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114034259/https://books.google.com/books?id=clnSeZfFrY8C">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml">the original</a> on July 13, 2006. Retrieved January 23, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+100+Scariest+Movie+Moments&rft.pub=Bravotv.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bravotv.com%2FThe_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments%2Findex.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207085229/http://www.listsofbests.com/list/30267">"Total Film's 23 Weirdest Films of All Time on Lists of Bests"</a>. Listsofbests.com. April 6, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.listsofbests.com/list/30267">the original</a> on February 7, 2009. Retrieved March 6, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Total+Film%27s+23+Weirdest+Films+of+All+Time+on+Lists+of+Bests&rft.pub=Listsofbests.com&rft.date=2007-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.listsofbests.com%2Flist%2F30267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/flagship-project-activities/memory-of-the-world/register/full-list-of-registered-heritage/registered-heritage-page-8/the-wizard-of-oz-victor-fleming-1939-produced-by-metro-goldwyn-mayer#c188264">"UNESCO chooses The Wizard of Oz as USA's Memory of the World"</a>. UNESCO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110731143259/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/flagship-project-activities/memory-of-the-world/register/full-list-of-registered-heritage/registered-heritage-page-8/the-wizard-of-oz-victor-fleming-1939-produced-by-metro-goldwyn-mayer/#c188264">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2011. Retrieved January 23, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNESCO+chooses+The+Wizard+of+Oz+as+USA%27s+Memory+of+the+World&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unesco.org%2Fnew%2Fen%2Fcommunication-and-information%2Fflagship-project-activities%2Fmemory-of-the-world%2Fregister%2Ffull-list-of-registered-heritage%2Fregistered-heritage-page-8%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-victor-fleming-1939-produced-by-metro-goldwyn-mayer%23c188264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-guard-140"><a href="#cite_ref-guard_140-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Observer_Music_Monthly2007" class="citation news cs1">The Observer Music Monthly (March 18, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://observer.guardian.co.uk/omm/story/0,,2032992,00.html">"The 50 Greatest Film Soundtracks"</a>. The Guardian. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070915183120/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/omm/story/0,,2032992,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2007. Retrieved September 10, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+50+Greatest+Film+Soundtracks&rft.date=2007-03-18&rft.au=The+Observer+Music+Monthly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fobserver.guardian.co.uk%2Fomm%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C2032992%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/50-films-see-age-15">"50 films to see by age 15 – Updated"</a>. British Film Institute. May 6, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200528163305/https://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/lists/50-films-to-see-by-15">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Institute&rft.atitle=50+films+to+see+by+age+15+%E2%80%93+Updated&rft.date=2020-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Flists%2F50-films-see-age-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurrian2023" class="citation web cs1">Murrian, Samuel R. (October 6, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parade.com/1222580/samuelmurrian/best-movies-all-time/">"The 100 Best Movies of All Time"</a>. Parade. Retrieved October 10, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parade&rft.atitle=The+100+Best+Movies+of+All+Time&rft.date=2023-10-06&rft.aulast=Murrian&rft.aufirst=Samuel+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fparade.com%2F1222580%2Fsamuelmurrian%2Fbest-movies-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVauxGiatras2023" class="citation web cs1">Vaux, Robert; Giatras, David (October 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbr.com/best-movies-all-time-ranked/#the-wizard-of-oz-1939">"The Best Movies of All Time, Ranked"</a>. Comic Book Resources. Retrieved October 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comic+Book+Resources&rft.atitle=The+Best+Movies+of+All+Time%2C+Ranked&rft.date=2023-10-14&rft.aulast=Vaux&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Giatras%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbr.com%2Fbest-movies-all-time-ranked%2F%23the-wizard-of-oz-1939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapmanZilkoForeman2024" class="citation web cs1">Chapman, Wilson; Zilko, Christian; Foreman, Allison (January 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/best-musicals-all-time-movies/the-wizard-of-oz-3/">"The 63 Best Movie Musicals of All Time, Ranked"</a>. IndieWire. Retrieved January 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IndieWire&rft.atitle=The+63+Best+Movie+Musicals+of+All+Time%2C+Ranked&rft.date=2024-01-10&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Wilson&rft.au=Zilko%2C+Christian&rft.au=Foreman%2C+Allison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2Fgallery%2Fbest-musicals-all-time-movies%2Fthe-wizard-of-oz-3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejudyroom.com/oz/production.html#timeline">"The Wizard of Oz Production Timeline"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120228114916/http://www.thejudyroom.com/oz/production.html#timeline">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2012. <q>The first official sequel to The Wizard of Oz is released, an animated film titled Journey Back to Oz.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz+Production+Timeline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejudyroom.com%2Foz%2Fproduction.html%23timeline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbramowitz2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Abramowitz, Jack (December 2012). "The Secrets of Oz Revealed". <a href="/wiki/Back_Issue!" title="Back Issue!">Back Issue!</a> #61. <a href="/wiki/TwoMorrows_Publishing" title="TwoMorrows Publishing">TwoMorrows Publishing</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Back+Issue%21+%2361&rft.atitle=The+Secrets+of+Oz+Revealed&rft.date=2012-12&rft.aulast=Abramowitz&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaslin1985" class="citation web cs1">Maslin, Janet (June 21, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F03EFD91039F932A15755C0A963948260">"Film: A New 'Oz' Gives Dorothy New Friends"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved March 8, 2013. <q>Instead of the Wizard of Oz sequel that its title suggests, Return to Oz... is more of a grim variation. This time, in a story derived largely from L. Frank Baum's <a href="/wiki/The_Land_of_Oz_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Land of Oz (book)">The Land of Oz</a> [sic] and <a href="/wiki/Ozma_of_Oz" title="Ozma of Oz">Ozma of Oz</a>, a pint-sized Dorothy has been brought to the screen with a different set of sidekicks; for instance, instead of traveling to Oz with Toto, Dorothy is this time accompanied by a different Baum creation, Billina the Chicken. Once there, she meets a whole new set of friends  ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Film%3A+A+New+%27Oz%27+Gives+Dorothy+New+Friends&rft.date=1985-06-21&rft.aulast=Maslin&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9F03EFD91039F932A15755C0A963948260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geraghty-148"><a href="#cite_ref-Geraghty_148-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeraghty2011" class="citation book cs1">Geraghty, Lincoln (2011). American Hollywood. Intellect Books. p. 187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84150-415-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84150-415-5"><bdi>978-1-84150-415-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Hollywood&rft.pages=187&rft.pub=Intellect+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84150-415-5&rft.aulast=Geraghty&rft.aufirst=Lincoln&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etonline.com/movies/131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk/index.html?viewFull=true">"Flashback Exclusive: A 'Return to Oz'"</a>. ET Online. March 5, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130603133852/http://www.etonline.com/movies/131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk/index.html?viewFull=true">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2013. Retrieved March 15, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ET+Online&rft.atitle=Flashback+Exclusive%3A+A+%27Return+to+Oz%27&rft.date=2013-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etonline.com%2Fmovies%2F131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk%2Findex.html%3FviewFull%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Tom-and-Jerry-and-The-Wizard-of-Oz-Blu-ray/23662/#Overview">Tom and Jerry & The Wizard of Oz Blu-ray</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605135346/http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Tom-and-Jerry-and-The-Wizard-of-Oz-Blu-ray/23662/#Overview">Archived</a> June 5, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Blu-ray, Retrieved June 17, 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.warnerbros.com/tom-and-jerry-back-oz">Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181116090725/https://www.warnerbros.com/tom-and-jerry-back-oz">Archived</a> November 16, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Warnerbros.com, Retrieved June 18, 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=oz.htm">"Oz The Great and Powerful (2013)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. August 28, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160501225403/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=oz.htm">Archived</a> from the original on May 1, 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oz+The+Great+and+Powerful+%282013%29&rft.pub=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.date=2013-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fmovies%2F%3Fid%3Doz.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/oz_the_great_and_powerful/">"Oz the Great and Powerful (2013)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>. March 5, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130307113512/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/oz_the_great_and_powerful/">Archived</a> from the original on March 7, 2013. Retrieved June 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oz+the+Great+and+Powerful+%282013%29&rft.pub=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.date=2013-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Foz_the_great_and_powerful%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTampubolon2013" class="citation web cs1">Tampubolon, Rama (May 7, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ramascreen.com/3d-animated-movie-legends-of-oz-dorothys-return-voice-starring-lea-michele-opens-may-2-2014-and-its-coming-to-cannes">"3D Animated Movie, Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return, Voice Starring Lea Michele, Opens May 9, 2014 And It's Coming To Cannes"</a>. Rama's Screen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140307054039/http://www.ramascreen.com/3d-animated-movie-legends-of-oz-dorothys-return-voice-starring-lea-michele-opens-may-2-2014-and-its-coming-to-cannes/">Archived</a> from the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rama%27s+Screen&rft.atitle=3D+Animated+Movie%2C+Legends+of+Oz%3A+Dorothy%27s+Return%2C+Voice+Starring+Lea+Michele%2C+Opens+May+9%2C+2014+And+It%27s+Coming+To+Cannes&rft.date=2013-05-07&rft.aulast=Tampubolon&rft.aufirst=Rama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ramascreen.com%2F3d-animated-movie-legends-of-oz-dorothys-return-voice-starring-lea-michele-opens-may-2-2014-and-its-coming-to-cannes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMehrtens2021" class="citation web cs1">Mehrtens, Michelle (February 10, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/wizard-oz-remake-show-development-nicole-kassell-producer/">"Wizard of Oz Remake In The Works From Watchmen TV Show Director"</a>. 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March 11, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finding+Oz+in+Disneyland+Paris&rft.date=2013-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphotosmagiques.com%2F2013%2F03%2F11%2Ffinding-oz-in-disneyland-paris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoseboom2017" class="citation web cs1">Roseboom, Matt (August 13, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://attractionsmagazine.com/guest-editorial-the-closure-of-the-great-movie-ride-is-the-end-of-an-era-in-disney-themeing/">"Guest Editorial: The closure of The Great Movie Ride is the end of an era in Disney themeing"</a>. Attractions Magazine. Retrieved April 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Attractions+Magazine&rft.atitle=Guest+Editorial%3A+The+closure+of+The+Great+Movie+Ride+is+the+end+of+an+era+in+Disney+themeing&rft.date=2017-08-13&rft.aulast=Roseboom&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fattractionsmagazine.com%2Fguest-editorial-the-closure-of-the-great-movie-ride-is-the-end-of-an-era-in-disney-themeing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parkz.com.au/article/2022/07/20/729-Journey_Over_the_Rainbow_with_an_all-new_The_Wizard_of_Oz_Precinct_Coming_to_Warner_Bros_Movie_World.html">"Journey Over the Rainbow with an all-new The Wizard of Oz Precinct Coming to Warner Bros. Movie World"</a>. July 20, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Journey+Over+the+Rainbow+with+an+all-new+The+Wizard+of+Oz+Precinct+Coming+to+Warner+Bros.+Movie+World&rft.date=2022-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parkz.com.au%2Farticle%2F2022%2F07%2F20%2F729-Journey_Over_the_Rainbow_with_an_all-new_The_Wizard_of_Oz_Precinct_Coming_to_Warner_Bros_Movie_World.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> Bibliography <ul><li>Bernier, Michelle (2010) Did these stories really happen?. Createspace <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4505-8536-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-4505-8536-1">1-4505-8536-1</a></li> <li>Cox, Stephen (1996) The Munchkins of Oz. Cumberland House <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58182-269-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-58182-269-3">1-58182-269-3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58182-269-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58182-269-4">978-1-58182-269-4</a></li> <li>Green, Stanley (1999) Hollywood Musicals Year by Year (2nd ed.) Hal Leonard Corporation <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-634-00765-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-634-00765-3">0-634-00765-3</a> pages 88–89.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meinhardt_Raabe" title="Meinhardt Raabe">Raabe, Meinhardt</a> and Kinske, Daniel (2005) Memories of a Munchkin: An Illustrated Walk Down the Yellow Brick Road. Back Stage Books <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8230-9193-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8230-9193-7">0-8230-9193-7</a>\</li> <li>Scarfone, Jay and Stillman, William (2004) The Wizardry of Oz: The Artistry And Magic of the 1939 MGM Classic – Revised and Expanded. Applause Books <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-20333-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-20333-2">0-517-20333-2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-517-20333-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-517-20333-0">978-0-517-20333-0</a></li> <li>Thomas, Rhys (1989) The Ruby Slippers of Oz. Tale Weaver <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-942139-09-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-942139-09-7">0-942139-09-7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-942139-09-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-942139-09-9">978-0-942139-09-9</a></li></ul> Further reading <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurger2022" class="citation book cs1">Burger, Alissa (November 29, 2022). "The Wizard of Oz". Cinema and Media Studies. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2FOBO%2F9780199791286-0360">10.1093/OBO/9780199791286-0360</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-979128-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-979128-6"><bdi>978-0-19-979128-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Wizard+of+Oz&rft.btitle=Cinema+and+Media+Studies&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2022-11-29&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2FOBO%2F9780199791286-0360&rft.isbn=978-0-19-979128-6&rft.aulast=Burger&rft.aufirst=Alissa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wizard+of+Oz" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz" class="extiw" title="q:The Wizard of Oz">The Wizard of Oz</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thewizardofoz.warnerbros.com">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193695#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/7892">The Wizard of Oz</a> at the <a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0032138/">The Wizard of Oz</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v55014">The Wizard of Oz</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/852/enwp">The Wizard of Oz</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=wizardofoz.htm">The Wizard of Oz</a> at <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_wizard_of_oz_1939">The Wizard of Oz</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/static/programs/national-film-preservation-board/documents/wizard_oz.pdf">The Wizard of Oz essay</a> by Peter Keough at <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a></li> <li>The Wizard of Oz essay by Daniel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0826429777" title="Special:BookSources/0826429777">0826429777</a>, pp. 292–293 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/America_s_Film_Legacy.html?id=deq3xI8OmCkC">America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry</a></li> <li>Finding aid author: John N. Gillespie (2013). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.lib.byu.edu/repositories/14/resources/11046">The Wizard of Oz recordings and recording logs</a>". Prepared for the L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Provo, UT.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Lux15/Lux_50-12-25_Wizard_of_Oz.mp3">The Wizard of Oz</a> on <a href="/wiki/Lux_Radio_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Lux Radio Theater">Lux Radio Theater</a>: December 25, 1950</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.oscars.org/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=70438">Character drawings for The Wizard of Oz</a>, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Surrender_Dorothy" title="Surrender Dorothy">Surrender Dorothy</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">Ruby slippers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingham_dress_of_Judy_Garland" title="Gingham dress of Judy Garland">Gingham dress of Judy Garland</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg/150px-Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg/225px-Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg/300px-Wizard_of_oz_movie_poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1399" data-file-height="2093" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Musical_selections_in_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Musical selections in The Wizard of Oz">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow" title="Over the Rainbow">Over the Rainbow</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ding-Dong!_The_Witch_Is_Dead" title="Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead">Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We%27re_Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="We're Off to See the Wizard">We're Off to See the Wizard</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Only_Had_a_Brain" title="If I Only Had a Brain">If I Only Had a Brain</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Old_Land_of_Oz" title="The Merry Old Land of Oz">The Merry Old Land of Oz</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Were_King_of_the_Forest" title="If I Were King of the Forest">If I Were King of the Forest</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Versions, sequels, and adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1942_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1942 musical)">1942 stage musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1987_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1987 musical)">1987 stage musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(2011_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (2011 musical)">2011 stage musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_in_Concert:_Dreams_Come_True" title="The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True">The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_on_television" title="The Wizard of Oz on television">On television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Was_(novel)" title="Was (novel)">Was</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypse_Oz" title="Apocalypse Oz">Apocalypse Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="Off to See the Wizard">Off to See the Wizard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journey_Back_to_Oz" title="Journey Back to Oz">Journey Back to Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(TV_series)" title="The Wizard of Oz (TV series)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (TV series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_to_Oz" title="Return to Oz">Return to Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz">Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wicked_Years" title="The Wicked Years">The Wicked Years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_the_Great_and_Powerful" title="Oz the Great and Powerful">Oz the Great and Powerful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_of_Oz:_Dorothy%27s_Return" title="Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return">Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry:_Back_to_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz">Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz">Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz_episodes" title="List of Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz episodes">episodes</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(arcade_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (arcade game)">Arcade game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(pinball)" title="The Wizard of Oz (pinball)">Pinball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1993_video_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1993 video game)">Video game</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Making_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Making of The Wizard of Oz">The Making of The Wizard of Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friend_of_Dorothy" title="Friend of Dorothy">Friend of Dorothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow_(2010_TV_series)" title="Over the Rainbow (2010 TV series)">Over the Rainbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Rainbow" title="The Dark Side of the Rainbow">The Dark Side of the Rainbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynch/Oz" title="Lynch/Oz">Lynch/Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meco_Plays_The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Meco Plays The Wizard of Oz">Meco Plays The Wizard of Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Gulch_Returns!" title="Miss Gulch Returns!">Miss Gulch Returns!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Rainbow" title="Under the Rainbow">Under the Rainbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episode_847" title="Episode 847">Wicked Witch of the West Sesame Street episode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wozard_of_Iz" title="The Wozard of Iz">The Wozard of Iz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Category:The Wizard of Oz">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_by_L._Frank_Baum" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oz" title="Template:Oz"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oz" title="Template talk:Oz"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oz" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oz"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_by_L._Frank_Baum" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> by <a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible {{{state}}} navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Books" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oz_books" title="List of Oz books">Books</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Baum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> (1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a> (1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozma_of_Oz" title="Ozma of Oz">Ozma of Oz</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_in_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz">Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Road_to_Oz" title="The Road to Oz">The Road to Oz</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emerald_City_of_Oz" title="The Emerald City of Oz">The Emerald City of Oz</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Patchwork_Girl_of_Oz" title="The Patchwork Girl of Oz">The Patchwork Girl of Oz</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tik-Tok_of_Oz" title="Tik-Tok of Oz">Tik-Tok of Oz</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Scarecrow_of_Oz" title="The Scarecrow of Oz">The Scarecrow of Oz</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinkitink_in_Oz" title="Rinkitink in Oz">Rinkitink in Oz</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Princess_of_Oz" title="The Lost Princess of Oz">The Lost Princess of Oz</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tin_Woodman_of_Oz" title="The Tin Woodman of Oz">The Tin Woodman of Oz</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_of_Oz" title="The Magic of Oz">The Magic of Oz</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glinda_of_Oz" title="Glinda of Oz">Glinda of Oz</a> (1920)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Thompson</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Book_of_Oz" title="The Royal Book of Oz">The Royal Book of Oz</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabumpo_in_Oz" title="Kabumpo in Oz">Kabumpo in Oz</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cowardly_Lion_of_Oz" title="The Cowardly Lion of Oz">The Cowardly Lion of Oz</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grampa_in_Oz" title="Grampa in Oz">Grampa in Oz</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_King_of_Oz" title="The Lost King of Oz">The Lost King of Oz</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hungry_Tiger_of_Oz" title="The Hungry Tiger of Oz">The Hungry Tiger of Oz</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gnome_King_of_Oz" title="The Gnome King of Oz">The Gnome King of Oz</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Giant_Horse_of_Oz" title="The Giant Horse of Oz">The Giant Horse of Oz</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pumpkinhead_of_Oz" title="Jack Pumpkinhead of Oz">Jack Pumpkinhead of Oz</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Yellow_Knight_of_Oz" title="The Yellow Knight of Oz">The Yellow Knight of Oz</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirates_in_Oz" title="Pirates in Oz">Pirates in Oz</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Purple_Prince_of_Oz" title="The Purple Prince of Oz">The Purple Prince of Oz</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ojo_in_Oz" title="Ojo in Oz">Ojo in Oz</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedy_in_Oz" title="Speedy in Oz">Speedy in Oz</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wishing_Horse_of_Oz" title="The Wishing Horse of Oz">The Wishing Horse of Oz</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Salt_in_Oz" title="Captain Salt in Oz">Captain Salt in Oz</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handy_Mandy_in_Oz" title="Handy Mandy in Oz">Handy Mandy in Oz</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Silver_Princess_in_Oz" title="The Silver Princess in Oz">The Silver Princess in Oz</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozoplaning_with_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz">Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_in_Oz" title="Yankee in Oz">Yankee in Oz</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Island_of_Oz" title="The Enchanted Island of Oz">The Enchanted Island of Oz</a> (1976)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonder_City_of_Oz" title="The Wonder City of Oz">The Wonder City of Oz</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Scalawagons_of_Oz" title="The Scalawagons of Oz">The Scalawagons of Oz</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucky_Bucky_in_Oz" title="Lucky Bucky in Oz">Lucky Bucky in Oz</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magical_Mimics_in_Oz" title="The Magical Mimics in Oz">The Magical Mimics in Oz</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shaggy_Man_of_Oz" title="The Shaggy Man of Oz">The Shaggy Man of Oz</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hidden_Valley_of_Oz" title="The Hidden Valley of Oz">The Hidden Valley of Oz</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merry_Go_Round_in_Oz" title="Merry Go Round in Oz">Merry Go Round in Oz</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Forbidden_Fountain_of_Oz" title="The Forbidden Fountain of Oz">The Forbidden Fountain of Oz</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ozmapolitan_of_Oz" title="The Ozmapolitan of Oz">The Ozmapolitan of Oz</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wicked_Witch_of_Oz" title="The Wicked Witch of Oz">The Wicked Witch of Oz</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Giant_Garden_of_Oz" title="The Giant Garden of Oz">The Giant Garden of Oz</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Runaway_in_Oz" title="The Runaway in Oz">The Runaway in Oz</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rundelstone_of_Oz" title="The Rundelstone of Oz">The Rundelstone of Oz</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emerald_Wand_of_Oz" title="The Emerald Wand of Oz">The Emerald Wand of Oz</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trouble_Under_Oz" title="Trouble Under Oz">Trouble Under Oz</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Magical_Monarch_of_Mo" title="The Magical Monarch of Mo">The Magical Monarch of Mo</a> (1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dot_and_Tot_of_Merryland" title="Dot and Tot of Merryland">Dot and Tot of Merryland</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Life_and_Adventures_of_Santa_Claus" title="The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus">The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Zixi_of_Ix" title="Queen Zixi of Ix">Queen Zixi of Ix</a> (1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dough_and_the_Cherub" title="John Dough and the Cherub">John Dough and the Cherub</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sea_Fairies" title="The Sea Fairies">The Sea Fairies</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Island" title="Sky Island">Sky Island</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Wizard_Stories_of_Oz" title="Little Wizard Stories of Oz">Little Wizard Stories of Oz</a> (1913)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oz_characters_(created_by_Baum)" title="List of Oz characters (created by Baum)">Baum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Gale" title="Dorothy Gale">Dorothy Gale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toto_(Oz)" title="Toto (Oz)">Toto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aunt_Em" title="Aunt Em">Aunt Em</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Henry_(Oz)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncle Henry (Oz)">Uncle Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Ozma" title="Princess Ozma">Princess Ozma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_of_Oz_(character)" title="Wizard of Oz (character)">Wizard of Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)" title="Scarecrow (Oz)">Scarecrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_Woodman" title="Tin Woodman">Tin Woodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowardly_Lion" title="Cowardly Lion">Cowardly Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glinda" title="Glinda">Glinda, the Good Witch of the South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Witch_of_the_North_(Baum)" title="Good Witch of the North (Baum)">Good Witch of the North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_East" title="Wicked Witch of the East">Wicked Witch of the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_Witch_of_the_West" title="Wicked Witch of the West">Wicked Witch of the West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billina" title="Billina">Billina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_Cat" title="Glass Cat">Glass Cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pumpkinhead" title="Jack Pumpkinhead">Jack Pumpkinhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellia_Jamb" title="Jellia Jamb">Jellia Jamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinjur" title="Jinjur">Jinjur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dough" title="John Dough">John Dough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mombi" title="Mombi">Mombi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin">Munchkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nome_King" title="Nome King">Nome King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastoria" title="Pastoria">Pastoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchwork_Girl" title="Patchwork Girl">Patchwork Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polychrome_(Oz)" title="Polychrome (Oz)">Polychrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Lurline" title="Queen Lurline">Queen Lurline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaggy_Man" title="Shaggy Man">Shaggy Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier_with_the_Green_Whiskers" title="Soldier with the Green Whiskers">Soldier with the Green Whiskers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tik-Tok_(Oz)" title="Tik-Tok (Oz)">Tik-Tok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_monkeys" title="Winged monkeys">Winged monkeys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woggle-Bug" title="Woggle-Bug">Woggle-Bug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oz_characters_(post-Baum)" title="List of Oz characters (post-Baum)">Post-Baum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jinnicky_the_Red_Jinn" title="Jinnicky the Red Jinn">Jinnicky the Red Jinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabumpo" title="Kabumpo">Kabumpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Brown_(Oz)" title="Peter Brown (Oz)">Peter Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elphaba" title="Elphaba">Elphaba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Oz" title="Land of Oz">Land of Oz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_City" title="Emerald City">Emerald City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillikin_Country" title="Gillikin Country">Gillikin Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munchkin_Country" title="Munchkin Country">Munchkin Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadling_Country" title="Quadling Country">Quadling Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winkie_Country" title="Winkie Country">Winkie Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_brick_road" title="Yellow brick road">Yellow brick road</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadly_Desert" title="Deadly Desert">Deadly Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Ev" title="Land of Ev">Land of Ev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merryland_(Oz)" title="Merryland (Oz)">Merryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">Ruby slippers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Shoes" title="Silver Shoes">Silver shoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Plumly_Thompson" title="Ruth Plumly Thompson">Ruth Plumly Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Neill" title="John R. Neill">John R. Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Snow_(writer)" title="Jack Snow (writer)">Jack Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Cosgrove_Payes" title="Rachel Cosgrove Payes">Rachel Cosgrove Payes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eloise_Jarvis_McGraw" title="Eloise Jarvis McGraw">Eloise Jarvis McGraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Martin_(artist)" title="Dick Martin (artist)">Dick Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Volkov_(writer)" title="Alexander Volkov (writer)">Alexander Volkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Shanower" title="Eric Shanower">Eric Shanower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Maguire" title="Gregory Maguire">Gregory Maguire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwood_Smith" title="Sherwood Smith">Sherwood Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_S._Baum" title="Roger S. Baum">Roger S. Baum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illustrators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._W._Denslow" title="W. W. Denslow">William Wallace Denslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Neill" title="John R. Neill">John R. Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Kramer_(artist)" title="Frank Kramer (artist)">Frank Kramer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Gringhuis" title="Dirk Gringhuis">Dirk Gringhuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Martin_(artist)" title="Dick Martin (artist)">Dick Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Vladimirsky" title="Leonid Vladimirsky">Leonid Vladimirsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Shanower" title="Eric Shanower">Eric Shanower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stout" title="William Stout">William Stout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_interpretations_of_The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Political interpretations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">Political interpretations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_and_related_works_in_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and related works in the United States">Copyright status</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible {{{state}}} navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Adaptations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Adaptations_of_The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Adaptations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">Adaptations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1902_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1902 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Woggle-Bug_(musical)" title="The Woggle-Bug (musical)">The Woggle-Bug</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tik-Tok_Man_of_Oz" title="The Tik-Tok Man of Oz">The Tik-Tok Man of Oz</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1942_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1942 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz" title="The Wiz">The Wiz</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz_(musical)" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz (musical)">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1987_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1987 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_A.I.D.S." title="The Wizard of A.I.D.S.">The Wizard of A.I.D.S.</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twister_(play)" title="Twister (play)">Twister</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_(musical)" title="Wicked (musical)">Wicked</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(2011_musical)" title="The Wizard of Oz (2011 musical)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Woodsman_(play)" title="The Woodsman (play)">The Woodsman</a> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Fairylogue_and_Radio-Plays" title="The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays">The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(1910_film)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910 film)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Patchwork_Girl_of_Oz_(film)" title="The Patchwork Girl of Oz (film)">The Patchwork Girl of Oz</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Cloak_of_Oz" title="The Magic Cloak of Oz">The Magic Cloak of Oz</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/His_Majesty,_the_Scarecrow_of_Oz" title="His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz">His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1925_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1925 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1933_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1933 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1933)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1950_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1950 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rainbow_Road_to_Oz" title="The Rainbow Road to Oz">The Rainbow Road to Oz</a> (unproduced)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_to_Oz_(TV_special)" title="Return to Oz (TV special)">Return to Oz</a> (1964, TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Mars" title="The Wizard of Mars">The Wizard of Mars</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Land_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Land of Oz">The Wonderful Land of Oz</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fecik_ve_Sihirli_C%C3%BCceler_R%C3%BCyalar_%C3%9Clkesinde" title="Ayşecik ve Sihirli Cüceler Rüyalar Ülkesinde">Ayşecik ve Sihirli Cüceler Rüyalar Ülkesinde</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journey_Back_to_Oz" title="Journey Back to Oz">Journey Back to Oz</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_(1976_film)" title="Oz (1976 film)">Oz</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz_(film)" title="The Wiz (film)">The Wiz</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1982_film)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1982 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Os_Trapalh%C3%B5es_e_o_M%C3%A1gico_de_Or%C3%B3z" title="Os Trapalhões e o Mágico de Oróz">Os Trapalhões e o Mágico de Oróz</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_to_Oz" title="Return to Oz">Return to Oz</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Meets_Ozma_of_Oz" title="Dorothy Meets Ozma of Oz">Dorothy Meets Ozma of Oz</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dreamer_of_Oz:_The_L._Frank_Baum_Story" title="The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story">The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_in_Concert:_Dreams_Come_True" title="The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True">The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_of_Oz" title="Lion of Oz">Lion of Oz</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Muppets%27_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Muppets' Wizard of Oz">The Muppets' Wizard of Oz</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypse_Oz" title="Apocalypse Oz">Apocalypse Oz</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/After_the_Wizard" title="After the Wizard">After the Wizard</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz">Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Witches_of_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Witches of Oz">Dorothy and the Witches of Oz</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_the_Great_and_Powerful" title="Oz the Great and Powerful">Oz the Great and Powerful</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_of_Oz:_Dorothy%27s_Return" title="Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return">Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OzLand" title="OzLand">OzLand</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardians_of_Oz" title="Guardians of Oz">Guardians of Oz</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz_Live!" title="The Wiz Live!">The Wiz Live!</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry:_Back_to_Oz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz">Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Steam_Engines_of_Oz" title="The Steam Engines of Oz">The Steam Engines of Oz</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_(2022_film)" title="Rainbow (2022 film)">Rainbow</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_(2024_film)" title="Wicked (2024 film)">Wicked</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_Part_Two" title="Wicked Part Two">Wicked Part Two</a> (2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tales_of_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Tales of the Wizard of Oz">Tales of the Wizard of Oz</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off_to_See_the_Wizard" title="Off to See the Wizard">Off to See the Wizard</a> (1967–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(TV_series)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (TV series)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> (1986–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(TV_series)" title="The Wizard of Oz (TV series)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Galaxy_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz">The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz</a> (1992–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Oz_Kids" title="The Oz Kids">The Oz Kids</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_Man_(miniseries)" title="Tin Man (miniseries)">Tin Man</a> (2007)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Wizard_of_Odd" title="Wizard of Odd">Wizard of Odd</a>" (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a> (2011–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_in_Oz" title="Lost in Oz">Lost in Oz</a> (2015–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_City_(TV_series)" title="Emerald City (TV series)">Emerald City</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_and_the_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz">Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz</a> (2017–20)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_the_Emerald_City" title="The Wizard of the Emerald City">The Wizard of the Emerald City</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Barnstormer_in_Oz" title="A Barnstormer in Oz">A Barnstormer in Oz</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mister_Tinker_in_Oz" title="Mister Tinker in Oz">Mister Tinker in Oz</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_of_Oz_(book)" title="Dorothy of Oz (book)">Dorothy of Oz</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Harold_and_the_Gnome_King" title="Sir Harold and the Gnome King">Sir Harold and the Gnome King</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Was_(novel)" title="Was (novel)">Was</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Ann_in_Oz" title="Queen Ann in Oz">Queen Ann in Oz</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Dishpan_of_Oz" title="The Magic Dishpan of Oz">The Magic Dishpan of Oz</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wicked_Years" title="The Wicked Years">The Wicked Years</a> series (1995–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitors_from_Oz" title="Visitors from Oz">Visitors from Oz</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradox_in_Oz" title="Paradox in Oz">Paradox in Oz</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_Before_the_Rainbow" title="Oz Before the Rainbow">Oz Before the Rainbow</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hidden_Prince_of_Oz" title="The Hidden Prince of Oz">The Hidden Prince of Oz</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Unknown_Witches_of_Oz" title="The Unknown Witches of Oz">The Unknown Witches of Oz</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloodstained_Oz" title="Bloodstained Oz">Bloodstained Oz</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Order_of_the_Gumm_Street_Girls" title="The Secret Order of the Gumm Street Girls">The Secret Order of the Gumm Street Girls</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Must_Die" title="Dorothy Must Die">Dorothy Must Die</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wicked_Will_Rise" title="The Wicked Will Rise">The Wicked Will Rise</a> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queer_Visitors_from_the_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz" title="Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz">Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz</a> (1904–05)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventures_in_Oz" title="Adventures in Oz">Adventures in Oz</a> (1986–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Apples_of_Oz" title="The Enchanted Apples of Oz">The Enchanted Apples of Oz</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_Squad" title="Oz Squad">Oz Squad</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Girls_(graphic_novel)" title="Lost Girls (graphic novel)">Lost Girls</a> (1991–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_(comics)" title="Dorothy (comics)">Dorothy</a> (2004–07)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(2005_graphic_novel)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (2005 graphic novel)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheshire_Crossing" title="Cheshire Crossing">Cheshire Crossing</a> (2006–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz_(2009_comics)" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (2009 comics)">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marvelous_Land_of_Oz_(comics)" title="The Marvelous Land of Oz (comics)">The Marvelous Land of Oz</a> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1985_video_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1985 video game)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1993_video_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (1993 video game)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz:_Beyond_the_Yellow_Brick_Road" title="The Wizard of Oz: Beyond the Yellow Brick Road">The Wizard of Oz: Beyond the Yellow Brick Road</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_City_Confidential" title="Emerald City Confidential">Emerald City Confidential</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripened_Tingle%27s_Balloon_Trip_of_Love" title="Ripened Tingle's Balloon Trip of Love">Ripened Tingle's Balloon Trip of Love</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(arcade_game)" title="The Wizard of Oz (arcade game)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(pinball)" title="The Wizard of Oz (pinball)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Oz_Film_Manufacturing_Company" title="The Oz Film Manufacturing Company">The Oz Film Manufacturing Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_International_Wizard_of_Oz_Club" title="The International Wizard of Oz Club">The International Wizard of Oz Club</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Baum_Bugle" title="The Baum Bugle">The Baum Bugle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_Park" title="Oz Park">Oz Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Oz_(theme_park)" title="Land of Oz (theme park)">Land of Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_of_Oz_festival" title="Wizard of Oz festival">Wizard of Oz festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_of_Oz_Museum" title="Wizard of Oz Museum">Wizard of Oz Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz-story_Magazine" title="Oz-story Magazine">Oz-story Magazine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Oz_(franchise)" title="Category:Oz (franchise)">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_directed_by_Victor_Fleming" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Victor_Fleming" title="Template:Victor Fleming"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Victor_Fleming" title="Template talk:Victor Fleming"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Victor_Fleming" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Victor Fleming"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Victor_Fleming" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a href="/wiki/Victor_Fleming" title="Victor Fleming">Victor Fleming</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/When_the_Clouds_Roll_By" title="When the Clouds Roll By">When the Clouds Roll By</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mollycoddle" title="The Mollycoddle">The Mollycoddle</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mama%27s_Affair_(1921_film)" title="Mama's Affair (1921 film)">Mama's Affair</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_Place" title="Woman's Place">Woman's Place</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lane_That_Had_No_Turning" title="The Lane That Had No Turning">The Lane That Had No Turning</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Romance" title="Red Hot Romance">Red Hot Romance</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Ascends" title="Anna Ascends">Anna Ascends</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Secrets" title="Dark Secrets">Dark Secrets</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Lawless_(1923_film)" title="Law of the Lawless (1923 film)">Law of the Lawless</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_the_Last_Man_(1923_film)" title="To the Last Man (1923 film)">To the Last Man</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Call_of_the_Canyon_(film)" title="The Call of the Canyon (film)">The Call of the Canyon</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_the_Sea" title="Code of the Sea">Code of the Sea</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empty_Hands" title="Empty Hands">Empty Hands</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Devil%27s_Cargo" title="The Devil's Cargo">The Devil's Cargo</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_(1925_film)" title="Adventure (1925 film)">Adventure</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Son_of_His_Father" title="A Son of His Father">A Son of His Father</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Jim_(1925_film)" title="Lord Jim (1925 film)">Lord Jim</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Blind_Goddess_(1926_film)" title="The Blind Goddess (1926 film)">The Blind Goddess</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantrap_(1926_film)" title="Mantrap (1926 film)">Mantrap</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_of_All_Flesh_(1927_film)" title="The Way of All Flesh (1927 film)">The Way of All Flesh</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hula_(film)" title="Hula (film)">Hula</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rough_Riders_(film)" title="The Rough Riders (film)">The Rough Riders</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abie%27s_Irish_Rose_(1928_film)" title="Abie's Irish Rose (1928 film)">Abie's Irish Rose</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Awakening_(1928_film)" title="The Awakening (1928 film)">The Awakening</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Song" title="Wolf Song">Wolf Song</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Virginian_(1929_film)" title="The Virginian (1929 film)">The Virginian</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Clay_(1930_film)" title="Common Clay (1930 film)">Common Clay</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renegades_(1930_film)" title="Renegades (1930 film)">Renegades</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Around_the_World_in_80_Minutes_with_Douglas_Fairbanks" title="Around the World in 80 Minutes with Douglas Fairbanks">Around the World in 80 Minutes with Douglas Fairbanks</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wet_Parade" title="The Wet Parade">The Wet Parade</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dust_(1932_film)" title="Red Dust (1932 film)">Red Dust</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Sister_(1933_film)" title="The White Sister (1933 film)">The White Sister</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombshell_(1933_film)" title="Bombshell (1933 film)">Bombshell</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island_(1934_film)" title="Treasure Island (1934 film)">Treasure Island</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reckless_(1935_film)" title="Reckless (1935 film)">Reckless</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Farmer_Takes_a_Wife_(1935_film)" title="The Farmer Takes a Wife (1935 film)">The Farmer Takes a Wife</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captains_Courageous_(1937_film)" title="Captains Courageous (1937 film)">Captains Courageous</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_Pilot_(film)" title="Test Pilot (film)">Test Pilot</a> (1938)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Jekyll_and_Mr._Hyde_(1941_film)" title="Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941 film)">Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortilla_Flat_(film)" title="Tortilla Flat (film)">Tortilla Flat</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Guy_Named_Joe" title="A Guy Named Joe">A Guy Named Joe</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_(1946_film)" title="Adventure (1946 film)">Adventure</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_(1948_film)" title="Joan of Arc (1948 film)">Joan of Arc</a> (1948)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_directed_by_King_Vidor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:King_Vidor" title="Template:King Vidor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:King_Vidor" title="Template talk:King Vidor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:King_Vidor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:King Vidor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_King_Vidor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_in_Galveston" title="Hurricane in Galveston">Hurricane in Galveston</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Grand_Military_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Grand Military Parade (page does not exist)">The Grand Military Parade</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Lie" title="The Lost Lie">The Lost Lie</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud%27s_Recruit" title="Bud's Recruit">Bud's Recruit</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Chocolate_of_the_Gang" title="The Chocolate of the Gang">The Chocolate of the Gang</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tad%27s_Swimming_Hole" title="Tad's Swimming Hole">Tad's Swimming Hole</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Accusing_Toe" title="The Accusing Toe">The Accusing Toe</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%27m_a_Man_(film)" title="I'm a Man (film)">I'm a Man</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Turn_in_the_Road" title="The Turn in the Road">The Turn in the Road</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Times_(film)" title="Better Times (film)">Better Times</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Other_Half_(1919_film)" title="The Other Half (1919 film)">The Other Half</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poor_Relations" title="Poor Relations">Poor Relations</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Family_Honor" title="The Family Honor">The Family Honor</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jack-Knife_Man" title="The Jack-Knife Man">The Jack-Knife Man</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sky_Pilot" title="The Sky Pilot">The Sky Pilot</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_Never_Dies_(1921_film)" title="Love Never Dies (1921 film)">Love Never Dies</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Real_Adventure" title="The Real Adventure">The Real Adventure</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusk_to_Dawn" title="Dusk to Dawn">Dusk to Dawn</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquering_the_Woman" title="Conquering the Woman">Conquering the Woman</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peg_o%27_My_Heart_(1922_film)" title="Peg o' My Heart (1922 film)">Peg o' My Heart</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Woman_of_Bronze" title="The Woman of Bronze">The Woman of Bronze</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Wise_Fools_(1923_film)" title="Three Wise Fools (1923 film)">Three Wise Fools</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Oranges" title="Wild Oranges">Wild Oranges</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happiness_(1924_film)" title="Happiness (1924 film)">Happiness</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_of_Youth" title="Wine of Youth">Wine of Youth</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/His_Hour" title="His Hour">His Hour</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wife_of_the_Centaur" title="The Wife of the Centaur">The Wife of the Centaur</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proud_Flesh_(film)" title="Proud Flesh (film)">Proud Flesh</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Parade" title="The Big Parade">The Big Parade</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Boh%C3%A8me_(1926_film)" title="La Bohème (1926 film)">La Bohème</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardelys_the_Magnificent" title="Bardelys the Magnificent">Bardelys the Magnificent</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Crowd_(1928_film)" title="The Crowd (1928 film)">The Crowd</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Patsy_(1928_film)" title="The Patsy (1928 film)">The Patsy</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show_People" title="Show People">Show People</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallelujah_(film)" title="Hallelujah (film)">Hallelujah</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Not_So_Dumb" title="Not So Dumb">Not So Dumb</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_the_Kid_(1930_film)" title="Billy the Kid (1930 film)">Billy the Kid</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_Scene_(film)" title="Street Scene (film)">Street Scene</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Champ_(1931_film)" title="The Champ (1931 film)">The Champ</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_of_Paradise_(1932_film)" title="Bird of Paradise (1932 film)">Bird of Paradise</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynara_(1932_film)" title="Cynara (1932 film)">Cynara</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Stranger%27s_Return" title="The Stranger's Return">The Stranger's Return</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Daily_Bread_(1934_film)" title="Our Daily Bread (1934 film)">Our Daily Bread</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wedding_Night" title="The Wedding Night">The Wedding Night</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/So_Red_the_Rose_(film)" title="So Red the Rose (film)">So Red the Rose</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Texas_Rangers_(1936_film)" title="The Texas Rangers (1936 film)">The Texas Rangers</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_Dallas_(1937_film)" title="Stella Dallas (1937 film)">Stella Dallas</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Citadel_(1938_film)" title="The Citadel (1938 film)">The Citadel</a> (1938)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1939) (Kansas scenes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Passage_(film)" title="Northwest Passage (film)">Northwest Passage</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comrade_X" title="Comrade X">Comrade X</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._M._Pulham,_Esq." title="H. M. Pulham, Esq.">H. M. Pulham, Esq.</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_American_Romance" title="An American Romance">An American Romance</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duel_in_the_Sun_(film)" title="Duel in the Sun (film)">Duel in the Sun</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Our_Merry_Way" title="On Our Merry Way">On Our Merry Way</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fountainhead_(film)" title="The Fountainhead (film)">The Fountainhead</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_the_Forest" title="Beyond the Forest">Beyond the Forest</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_Strikes_Twice_(1951_film)" title="Lightning Strikes Twice (1951 film)">Lightning Strikes Twice</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_War_Bride" title="Japanese War Bride">Japanese War Bride</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Gentry" title="Ruby Gentry">Ruby Gentry</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light%27s_Diamond_Jubilee" title="Light's Diamond Jubilee">Light's Diamond Jubilee</a> (1954) (TV special, with 6 other directors)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_Without_a_Star" title="Man Without a Star">Man Without a Star</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace_(1956_film)" title="War and Peace (1956 film)">War and Peace</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_and_Sheba" title="Solomon and Sheba">Solomon and Sheba</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Truth_and_Illusion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Truth and Illusion (page does not exist)">Truth and Illusion</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Metaphor_(documentary)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Metaphor (documentary) (page does not exist)">The Metaphor</a> (1980)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arthur_Freed_productions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arthur_Freed" title="Template:Arthur Freed"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arthur_Freed" title="Template talk:Arthur Freed"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arthur_Freed" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arthur Freed"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arthur_Freed_productions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> productions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">As producer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babes_in_Arms_(film)" title="Babes in Arms (film)">Babes in Arms</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_Up_the_Band_(film)" title="Strike Up the Band (film)">Strike Up the Band</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Nellie_Kelly" title="Little Nellie Kelly">Little Nellie Kelly</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Be_Good_(1941_film)" title="Lady Be Good (1941 film)">Lady Be Good</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babes_on_Broadway" title="Babes on Broadway">Babes on Broadway</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Hattie" title="Panama Hattie">Panama Hattie</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Me_and_My_Gal_(film)" title="For Me and My Gal (film)">For Me and My Gal</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabin_in_the_Sky_(film)" title="Cabin in the Sky (film)">Cabin in the Sky</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Barry_Was_a_Lady_(film)" title="Du Barry Was a Lady (film)">Du Barry Was a Lady</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_Foot_Forward_(film)" title="Best Foot Forward (film)">Best Foot Forward</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Crazy_(1943_film)" title="Girl Crazy (1943 film)">Girl Crazy</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meet_Me_in_St._Louis" title="Meet Me in St. Louis">Meet Me in St. Louis</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yolanda_and_the_Thief" title="Yolanda and the Thief">Yolanda and the Thief</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Harvey_Girls" title="The Harvey Girls">The Harvey Girls</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Follies (film)">Ziegfeld Follies</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Till_the_Clouds_Roll_By" title="Till the Clouds Roll By">Till the Clouds Roll By</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_News_(1947_film)" title="Good News (1947 film)">Good News</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Holiday_(1948_film)" title="Summer Holiday (1948 film)">Summer Holiday</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pirate_(1948_film)" title="The Pirate (1948 film)">The Pirate</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Parade_(film)" title="Easter Parade (film)">Easter Parade</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Words_and_Music_(1948_film)" title="Words and Music (1948 film)">Words and Music</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game_(film)" title="Take Me Out to the Ball Game (film)">Take Me Out to the Ball Game</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Barkleys_of_Broadway" title="The Barkleys of Broadway">The Barkleys of Broadway</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town_(film)" title="On the Town (film)">On the Town</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Get_Your_Gun_(film)" title="Annie Get Your Gun (film)">Annie Get Your Gun</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan_Love_Song" title="Pagan Love Song">Pagan Love Song</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Wedding" title="Royal Wedding">Royal Wedding</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show_Boat_(1951_film)" title="Show Boat (1951 film)">Show Boat</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Belle_of_New_York_(1952_film)" title="The Belle of New York (1952 film)">The Belle of New York</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain" title="Singin' in the Rain">Singin' in the Rain</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Band_Wagon" title="The Band Wagon">The Band Wagon</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigadoon_(film)" title="Brigadoon (film)">Brigadoon</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Always_Fair_Weather" title="It's Always Fair Weather">It's Always Fair Weather</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kismet_(1955_film)" title="Kismet (1955 film)">Kismet</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invitation_to_the_Dance_(film)" title="Invitation to the Dance (film)">Invitation to the Dance</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Stockings_(1957_film)" title="Silk Stockings (1957 film)">Silk Stockings</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigi_(1958_film)" title="Gigi (1958 film)">Gigi</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bells_Are_Ringing_(film)" title="Bells Are Ringing (film)">Bells Are Ringing</a> (1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uncredited as producer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meet_the_People" title="Meet the People">Meet the People</a> (1944)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Clock_(1945_film)" title="The Clock (1945 film)">The Clock</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Any_Number_Can_Play" title="Any Number Can Play">Any Number Can Play</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_(1950_film)" title="Crisis (1950 film)">Crisis</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Subterraneans_(film)" title="The Subterraneans (film)">The Subterraneans</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_in_the_Piazza_(film)" title="Light in the Piazza (film)">Light in the Piazza</a> (1962)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Busby_Berkeley" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Busby_Berkeley" title="Template:Busby Berkeley"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Busby_Berkeley" title="Template talk:Busby Berkeley"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Busby_Berkeley" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Busby Berkeley"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Busby_Berkeley" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Busby_Berkeley" title="Busby Berkeley">Busby Berkeley</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadway plays choreographed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Connecticut_Yankee_(musical)" title="A Connecticut Yankee (musical)">A Connecticut Yankee</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Present_Arms_(musical)" title="Present Arms (musical)">Present Arms</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_and_Low_(musical)" title="Sweet and Low (musical)">Sweet and Low</a> (1930)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films directed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(film)" title="42nd Street (film)">42nd Street</a> (musical numbers, 1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/She_Had_to_Say_Yes" title="She Had to Say Yes">She Had to Say Yes</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footlight_Parade" title="Footlight Parade">Footlight Parade</a> (musical numbers, 1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dames_(film)" title="Dames (film)">Dames</a> (musical numbers, 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashions_of_1934" title="Fashions of 1934">Fashions of 1934</a> (musical numbers, 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Diggers_of_1935" title="Gold Diggers of 1935">Gold Diggers of 1935</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Lights_(1935_film)" title="Bright Lights (1935 film)">Bright Lights</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Live_for_Love" title="I Live for Love">I Live for Love</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_Caliente" title="In Caliente">In Caliente</a> (musical numbers, 1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stars_Over_Broadway" title="Stars Over Broadway">Stars Over Broadway</a> (musical numbers, 1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_Struck_(1936_film)" title="Stage Struck (1936 film)">Stage Struck</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varsity_Show_(film)" title="Varsity Show (film)">Varsity Show</a> (finale, 1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Singing_Marine" title="The Singing Marine">The Singing Marine</a> (musical numbers, 1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Diggers_of_1937" title="Gold Diggers of 1937">Gold Diggers of 1937</a> (musical numbers, 1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Go_Getter_(1937_film)" title="The Go Getter (1937 film)">The Go Getter</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Hotel_(film)" title="Hollywood Hotel (film)">Hollywood Hotel</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_Are_Such_Fools" title="Men Are Such Fools">Men Are Such Fools</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Diggers_in_Paris" title="Gold Diggers in Paris">Gold Diggers in Paris</a> (musical numbers, 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Moon_(film)" title="Garden of the Moon (film)">Garden of the Moon</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Over_Broadway" title="Comet Over Broadway">Comet Over Broadway</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Serenade" title="Broadway Serenade">Broadway Serenade</a> (finale, 1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/They_Made_Me_a_Criminal" title="They Made Me a Criminal">They Made Me a Criminal</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_and_Furious_(1939_film)" title="Fast and Furious (1939 film)">Fast and Furious</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babes_in_Arms_(film)" title="Babes in Arms (film)">Babes in Arms</a> (1939)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Wizard of Oz</a> (scenes cut, 1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty_Little_Mothers" title="Forty Little Mothers">Forty Little Mothers</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_Up_the_Band_(film)" title="Strike Up the Band (film)">Strike Up The Band</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blonde_Inspiration" title="Blonde Inspiration">Blonde Inspiration</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Be_Good_(1941_film)" title="Lady Be Good (1941 film)">Lady Be Good</a> (musical numbers, 1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Girl_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Girl (film)">Ziegfeld Girl</a> (musical numbers, 1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babes_on_Broadway" title="Babes on Broadway">Babes on Broadway</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Me_and_My_Gal_(film)" title="For Me and My Gal (film)">For Me and My Gal</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_to_Sing_(1942_film)" title="Born to Sing (1942 film)">Born to Sing</a> (finale, 1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabin_in_the_Sky_(film)" title="Cabin in the Sky (film)">Cabin in the Sky</a> ("Shine" sequence, 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gang%27s_All_Here_(1943_film)" title="The Gang's All Here (1943 film)">The Gang's All Here</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Crazy_(1943_film)" title="Girl Crazy (1943 film)">Girl Crazy</a> ("I Got Rhythm" sequence, 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_Jones" title="Cinderella Jones">Cinderella Jones</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game_(film)" title="Take Me Out to the Ball Game (film)">Take Me Out to the Ball Game</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Get_Your_Gun_(film)" title="Annie Get Your Gun (film)">Annie Get Your Gun</a> (scenes cut, 1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films choreographed only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whoopee!_(film)" title="Whoopee! (film)">Whoopee!</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiki_(1931_film)" title="Kiki (1931 film)">Kiki</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmy_Days" title="Palmy Days">Palmy Days</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_High_(1931_film)" title="Flying High (1931 film)">Flying High</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Devils" title="Sky Devils">Sky Devils</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Crazy_(1932_film)" title="Girl Crazy (1932 film)">Girl Crazy</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_World_(film)" title="Night World (film)">Night World</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_of_Paradise_(1932_film)" title="Bird of Paradise (1932 film)">Bird of Paradise</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kid_from_Spain" title="The Kid from Spain">The Kid From Spain</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Diggers_of_1933" title="Gold Diggers of 1933">Gold Diggers of 1933</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Scandals" title="Roman Scandals">Roman Scandals</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_Bar" title="Wonder Bar">Wonder Bar</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_on_the_High_Seas" title="Romance on the High Seas">Romance on the High Seas</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_Me_Mister_(film)" title="Call Me Mister (film)">Call Me Mister</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Million_Dollar_Mermaid" title="Million Dollar Mermaid">Million Dollar Mermaid</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Town_Girl_(1953_film)" title="Small Town Girl (1953 film)">Small Town Girl</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Marie_(1954_film)" title="Rose Marie (1954 film)">Rose Marie</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Rose%27s_Jumbo" title="Billy Rose's Jumbo">Billy Rose's Jumbo</a> (1962)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Kansas.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Kansas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Kansas.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Kansas" title="Portal:Kansas">Kansas</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg/15px-Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg/22px-Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg/29px-Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6205" data-file-height="8066" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:1930s" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:1930s">1930s</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193695#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316753484">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4301474-4">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88179164">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12426260d">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12426260d">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007588662005171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058516988806706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/033392390">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/work/b9560442-7dc1-4209-9135-b034e7028c48">MusicBrainz work</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/cda6d83d-628f-3879-8e2a-2750463db9ec">MusicBrainz release group</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&oldid=1259465099">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wizard_of_Oz&oldid=1259465099</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1939_films" title="Category:1939 films">1939 films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Category:The Wizard of Oz">The Wizard of Oz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_American_films" title="Category:1930s American films">1930s American films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_color_films" title="Category:1930s color films">1930s color films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_English-language_films" title="Category:1930s English-language films">1930s English-language films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_fantasy_adventure_films" title="Category:1930s fantasy adventure films">1930s fantasy adventure films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_musical_fantasy_films" title="Category:1930s musical fantasy films">1930s musical fantasy films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1939_adventure_films" title="Category:1939 adventure films">1939 adventure films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1939_children%27s_films" title="Category:1939 children's films">1939 children's films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1939_fantasy_films" title="Category:1939 fantasy films">1939 fantasy films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1939_musical_films" title="Category:1939 musical films">1939 musical films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:3D_re-releases" title="Category:3D re-releases">3D re-releases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_black-and-white_films" title="Category:American black-and-white films">American black-and-white films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_children%27s_adventure_films" title="Category:American children's adventure films">American children's adventure films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_children%27s_fantasy_films" title="Category:American children's fantasy films">American children's fantasy films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_children%27s_musical_films" title="Category:American children's musical films">American children's musical films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_comedy-drama_films" title="Category:American comedy-drama films">American comedy-drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_fantasy_adventure_films" title="Category:American fantasy adventure films">American fantasy adventure films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_musical_fantasy_films" title="Category:American musical fantasy films">American musical fantasy films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Children%27s_comedy-drama_films" title="Category:Children's comedy-drama films">Children's comedy-drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_dreams" title="Category:Films about dreams">Films about dreams</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_friendship" title="Category:Films about friendship">Films about friendship</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_lions" title="Category:Films about lions">Films about lions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_magic_and_magicians" title="Category:Films about magic and magicians">Films about magic and magicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_talking_trees" title="Category:Films about talking trees">Films about talking trees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_tornadoes" title="Category:Films about tornadoes">Films about tornadoes</a></li><li><a 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