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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" > 27 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A9" title="والد الأمة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="والد الأمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padre_de_la_Patria" title="Padre de la Patria – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Padre de la Patria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%95" title="জাতির জনক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাতির জনক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amahan_sa_Nasod" title="Amahan sa Nasod – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Amahan sa Nasod" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padre_de_la_Patria" title="Padre de la Patria – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Padre de la Patria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patro_de_la_Lando" title="Patro de la Lando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Patro de la Lando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%AA" title="پدر ملت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پدر ملت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8re_de_la_Nation" title="Père de la Nation – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Père de la Nation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%B6%80_(%EC%A0%95%EC%B9%98)" title="국부 (정치) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국부 (정치)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="राष्ट्रपिता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राष्ट्रपिता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otac_domovine" title="Otac domovine – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Otac domovine" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bapak_Bangsa" title="Bapak Bangsa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bapak Bangsa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%94" title="אבי האומה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אבי האומה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87" title="ابو الامه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ابو الامه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bapa_Negara" title="Bapa Negara – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bapa Negara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vader_des_vaderlands" title="Vader des vaderlands – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vader des vaderlands" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="राष्ट्रपिता – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राष्ट्रपिता" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E3%81%AE%E7%88%B6" title="国民の父 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国民の父" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pai_da_P%C3%A1tria" title="Pai da Pátria – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pai da Pátria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Father_of_the_Nation" title="Special:EditPage/Father of the Nation">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Father+of+the+Nation%22">"Father of the Nation"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Father+of+the+Nation%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Father+of+the+Nation%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Father+of+the+Nation%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Father+of+the+Nation%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Father+of+the+Nation%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (September 2023) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> The Father of the Nation is an <a href="/wiki/Honorific" title="Honorific">honorific</a> title given to a person considered the driving force behind the establishment of a <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">country</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">state</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Nation" title="Nation">nation</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pater_Patriae" title="Pater Patriae">Pater Patriae</a> (plural Patres Patriae), also seen as Parens Patriae, was a Roman honorific meaning the "Father of the Fatherland", bestowed by the Senate on heroes, and later on emperors. In monarchies, the <a href="/wiki/Monarch" title="Monarch">monarch</a> is often considered the "father/mother of the nation" or as a <a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">patriarch</a> to guide his family. This concept is expressed in the <a href="/wiki/Divine_right_of_kings" title="Divine right of kings">divine right of kings</a> espoused in some monarchies, while in others it is codified into constitutional law. In Spain, the monarch is considered the personification and embodiment, the symbol of unity and permanence of the nation. In Thailand, the monarch is given the same recognition, and any person who expresses disrespect toward the reigning monarch faces severe criminal penalties. Many <a href="/wiki/Dictator" title="Dictator">dictators</a> bestow titles upon themselves, which rarely survive the end of their regime. <a href="/wiki/Gnassingb%C3%A9_Eyad%C3%A9ma" title="Gnassingbé Eyadéma">Gnassingbé Eyadéma</a> of <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a>'s titles included "father of the nation", "older brother", and "Guide of the People".<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mobutu_Sese_Seko" title="Mobutu Sese Seko">Mobutu Sese Seko</a> of <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>'s included "Father of the nation", "the Guide", "the Messiah", "the Leopard", "the Sun-President", and "the Cock who Jumps on Anything That Moves".<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Postcolonial" class="mw-redirect" title="Postcolonial">postcolonial</a> <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, "father of the nation" was a title used by many leaders both to refer to their role in the <a href="/wiki/Independence_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence movement">independence movement</a> as a source of <a href="/wiki/Legitimacy_(political)" title="Legitimacy (political)">legitimacy</a>, and to use <a href="/wiki/Paternalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Paternalist">paternalist</a> symbolism as a source of continued popularity.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>'s seventieth birthday in 1949, he was bestowed with the title "Father of Nations" for his establishment of "people's democracies" in <a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupations" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet occupations">countries occupied by the USSR</a> after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> The title "Father of the Nation" is sometimes politically contested. The 1972 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution of Bangladesh</a> declared <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> to be "father of the nation".<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> A motion in the <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_the_Slovak_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Council of the Slovak Republic">Parliament of Slovakia</a> to proclaim controversial pre-war leader <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Hlinka" title="Andrej Hlinka">Andrej Hlinka</a> "father of the nation" barely failed in September 2007.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List">List</h2></div> The following people are still often called the "Father" or "Mother" of their respective nations. <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Nation </th> <th>Title (native) </th> <th>Title (translation) </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Durrani" title="Ahmad Shah Durrani">Ahmad Shah Durrani</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Padishah" title="Padishah">Ahmad Shah Baba</a> </td> <td>Ahmad Shah the Father<a href="#cite_note-Singh-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-LoC-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> </td> <td>Founder of the Afghan <a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Zahir_Shah" title="Mohammad Zahir Shah">Mohammad Zahir Shah</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Last and longest-reigning <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Afghanistan" title="List of heads of state of Afghanistan">king of Afghanistan</a> (1933–1973)<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Qemali" title="Ismail Qemali">Ismail Kemal</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>Babai Kombit </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Led the Albanian national movement against the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Ben_Bella" title="Ahmed Ben Bella">Ahmed Ben Bella</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/President_of_Algeria" title="President of Algeria">President of Algeria</a> and first <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Algeria" title="Prime Minister of Algeria">Prime Minister of Algeria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/V._C._Bird" class="mw-redirect" title="V. C. Bird">V. C. Bird</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda">prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda</a> and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda_Labour_Party" title="Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party">Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Agostinho_Neto" title="Agostinho Neto">Agostinho Neto</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Leader of the <a href="/wiki/MPLA" title="MPLA">MPLA</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Angolan_War_of_Independence" title="Angolan War of Independence">Angolan War of Independence</a> and the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Angola" title="President of Angola">President of Angola</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn" title="José de San Martín">José de San Martín</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td>Padre de la Patria / Fundador de la República y Protector del Perú<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland / Founder of the Republic and Protector of Peru </td> <td>Primary leader of the <a href="/wiki/Argentine_War_of_Independence" title="Argentine War of Independence">Argentine War of Independence</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a> in southern South America </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Remedios_del_Valle" title="María Remedios del Valle">María Remedios del Valle</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td>Madre de la Patria </td> <td>Mother of the Homeland </td> <td>Important officer in the Argentine Army during the War of Independence, referred to as the "Mother of the Homeland" since her lifetime. In 1829, the Chamber of Representatives of the province of Buenos Aires named her "Mother of the Homeland" and granted her the position of sergeant major.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Հայկ (<a href="/wiki/Hayk" title="Hayk">Hayk</a>) </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> </td> <td>Նահապետ (Nahapet) </td> <td>Head of the Family Patriarch </td> <td>Legendary founder of the <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenian nation</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Parkes" title="Henry Parkes">Sir Henry Parkes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Australia" title="Federation of Australia">Federation</a> </td> <td>Gave the <a href="/wiki/Tenterfield_Oration" title="Tenterfield Oration">Tenterfield Oration</a>, which is believed to be pivotal in the process of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Australia" title="Federation of Australia">Federation of Australia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Heydar_Aliyev" title="Heydar Aliyev">Heydar Aliyev</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> </td> <td>Böyük Lider </td> <td>Great Leader </td> <td>3rd <a href="/wiki/President_of_Azerbaijan" title="President of Azerbaijan">President of Azerbaijan</a> from 1993 to his death in 2003, considered the founder of the modern Azerbaijani state.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lynden_Pindling" title="Lynden Pindling">Sir Lynden Pindling</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">The Bahamas</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Leader at independence in 1973.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td>বঙ্গবন্ধু (Bangabandhu) </td> <td>Friend of Bengal </td> <td>Founding leader of Bangladesh. Leader during the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Errol_Barrow" title="Errol Barrow">Errol Barrow</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of Independence </td> <td>The third and final <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Barbados" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of Barbados">premier of Barbados</a>, serving from 1961 to 1966, who lead Barbados to <a href="/wiki/Barbados_Independence_Act_1966" title="Barbados Independence Act 1966">independence from the British Empire</a> in 1966. He became the first prime minister and served three terms (1966–76, 1986–87) dying in office of illness during his third.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Konstanty_Kalinowski" title="Konstanty Kalinowski">Konstanty Kalinowski</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> </td> <td>Стваральнік беларускага народу (Stvaralnik bielaruskaha narodu) </td> <td>Creator of the Belarusian Nation </td> <td>Used among other titles. Military and political leader during the <a href="/wiki/January_Uprising" title="January Uprising">January Uprising</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Usage opposed by those who view Kalinowski's nationality as Polish, rather than Belarusian.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Cadle_Price" title="George Cadle Price">George Cadle Price</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Former Chief Minister, Premier and two-term Prime Minister before retiring in 1997.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seretse_Khama" title="Seretse Khama">Seretse Khama</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of Independence </td> <td>Leader of the independence movement and first President of Botswana. Creator of democracy in Botswana </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dom_Pedro_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Dom Pedro I">Dom Pedro I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Leopoldina_of_Austria" title="Maria Leopoldina of Austria">Maria Leopoldina of Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bonif%C3%A1cio_de_Andrada_e_Silva" title="José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva">José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>Pai da Nação e Patriarca da Independência </td> <td>Father of the Nation and Patriarch of Independence </td> <td>Founder and the first Emperor of Brazil (1822) during the <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Brazil" title="Independence of Brazil">independence of Brazil</a>. Maria Leopoldina was the first Empress of Brazil. Bonifácio was the advisor of Pedro I. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Omar_Ali_Saifuddien_III" title="Omar Ali Saifuddien III">Omar Ali Saifuddien III</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Architect of Modern Brunei. Builder of the Modern Nation and Father of Independence </td> <td>28th <a href="/wiki/List_of_sultans_of_Brunei" title="List of sultans of Brunei">Sultan of Brunei</a> and First <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Brunei)" title="Ministry of Defence (Brunei)">Minister of Defence</a> (1914–1986). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Thomas Sankara</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/45px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of The Nation and Hero of Burkina Faso </td> <td>First president of <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a>. Renamed the country from <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Upper_Volta" title="Republic of Upper Volta">Upper Volta</a> to Burkina Faso and writer of the national anthem, <a href="/wiki/Ditany%C3%A8" title="Ditanyè">Ditanyè</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_Rwagasore" title="Louis Rwagasore">Louis Rwagasore</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of Independence </td> <td>Burundi independence movement leader, second and youngest <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Burundi" title="Prime Minister of Burundi">Prime Minister of Burundi</a> and Crown Prince of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Burundi" title="Kingdom of Burundi">Kingdom of Burundi</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparuh" class="mw-redirect" title="Asparuh">Asparuh</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td>Кан (<a href="/wiki/Kanasubigi" title="Kanasubigi">Kanasubigi</a>) </td> <td> </td> <td>Founder and first ruler of the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norodom_Sihanouk" title="Norodom Sihanouk">Norodom Sihanouk</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td>សម្តេចឪ (Sâmdéch Âu) </td> <td>King Father </td> <td>Secured <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_of_Cambodia" title="Independence Day of Cambodia">independence</a> <a href="/wiki/French_protectorate_of_Cambodia" title="French protectorate of Cambodia">from France</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">John A. Macdonald</a> and the other <a href="/wiki/Fathers_of_Confederation" title="Fathers of Confederation">Fathers of Confederation</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td>Fathers of Confederation Pères de la Confédération </td> <td>Father of Confederation </td> <td>The 36 Canadian politicians who negotiated <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Confederation" title="Canadian Confederation">Canadian Confederation</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">Bernardo O'Higgins</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td>Padre de la patria </td> <td>Father of the fatherland </td> <td>Principal leader of the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_War_of_Independence" title="Chilean War of Independence">Chilean War of Independence</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> </td> <td>國父 (Guófù) </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> during the <a href="/wiki/1911_Revolution" title="1911 Revolution">Xinhai Revolution</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_government" title="Nationalist government">Nationalist government</a> decreed the title in 1940.<a href="#cite_note-Sun1-27">[27]</a> Sun is more widely known in the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> as the "Forerunner of the Revolution".<a href="#cite_note-Sun2-28">[28]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz" title="José María Castro Madriz">José María Castro Madriz</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> </td> <td>Fundador de la República </td> <td>Founder of the Republic </td> <td>First President of the Republic of Costa Rica.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ante_Star%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Ante Starčević">Ante Starčević</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td>Otac domovine </td> <td>Father of the Homeland </td> <td>His diverse activities and works laid the foundations for the modern <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatian state</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes" title="Carlos Manuel de Céspedes">Carlos Manuel de Céspedes</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> </td> <td>Padre de la Patria </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> </td> <td>Leader of the first Cuban independence movement which fought the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Years%27_War" title="Ten Years' War">Ten Years' War</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Makarios_III" title="Makarios III">Makarios III</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td>Εθνάρχης (Ethnárchis) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethnarch" title="Ethnarch">Ethnarch</a> </td> <td>First and longest President of Cyprus, leader of <a href="/wiki/Greek_Cypriot_nationalism" title="Greek Cypriot nationalism">Greek Cypriot nationalist</a> movement during <a href="/wiki/Cypriot_intercommunal_violence" title="Cypriot intercommunal violence">Cypriot intercommunal violence</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td>Otec vlasti </td> <td>Father of the Homeland </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Bohemia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Bohemia">King of Bohemia</a>. Title coined by the <a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">rector</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Charles_University_of_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles University of Prague">Charles University of Prague</a> at the emperor's funeral.<a href="#cite_note-cz-32">[32]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Palack%C3%BD" title="František Palacký">František Palacký</a> </td> <td>Otec národa </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Politician and historian, influential in <a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Revival" title="Czech National Revival">Czech National Revival movement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cz-32">[32]</a> Whereas vlast "homeland" included all inhabitants, národ "nation" comprised only <a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czech people</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Masaryk" title="Tomáš Masaryk">Tomáš Masaryk</a> </td> <td>Tatíček / Prezident Osvoboditel </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland / President Liberator </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/President_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Czechoslovakia">President of Czechoslovakia</a>, helped negotiate establishment of Czechoslovakia with the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Allies of World War I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cz-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Juan_Pablo_Duarte" title="Juan Pablo Duarte">Juan Pablo Duarte</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> </td> <td>Padre de la Patria </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Foremost of the founding fathers of the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> and the key leader responsible for shaping the modern revolutionary ideology that opposed all foreign rule. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilia_Chavchavadze" title="Ilia Chavchavadze">Ilia Chavchavadze</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>უგვირგვინო მეფე (Ugvirgvino Mepe) ერის მამა (Eris Mama) </td> <td>The Crownless King / Father of the Nation </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Members of the <a href="/wiki/Parlamentarischer_Rat" title="Parlamentarischer Rat">Parlamentarischer Rat</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>Väter und Mütter des Grundgesetzes </td> <td>Fathers and mothers of the Basic Law </td> <td>Drafted the <a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_for_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany">Basic Law</a>, the constitution of (then West) Germany </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Kwame Nkrumah</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> </td> <td>Osagyefo[<a href="/wiki/Template:Which_lang" title="Template:Which lang">what language is this?</a>] </td> <td>Father of the nation </td> <td>First president and prime minister of Ghana during <a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Africa" title="Decolonisation of Africa">decolonization</a>, the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve full independence. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td>Πατέρας των Ελλήνων (Patéras ton Ellínon) </td> <td>Father of the Greeks </td> <td>Founder of the <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Empire">Macedonian Empire</a> responsible for spreading Greek culture during the <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheddi_Jagan" title="Cheddi Jagan">Cheddi Jagan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>President of Guyana from 1992 to 1997. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Dessalines" title="Jean-Jacques Dessalines">Jean-Jacques Dessalines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toussaint_Louverture" title="Toussaint Louverture">Toussaint Louverture</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> </td> <td>Père de la patrie </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Primary leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Revolution" title="Haitian Revolution">Haitian Revolution</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dionisio_de_Herrera" title="Dionisio de Herrera">Dionisio de Herrera</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>First Head of State of Honduras within the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Central_America" title="Federal Republic of Central America">Federal Republic of Central America</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d" title="Árpád">Árpád</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>Honalapító </td> <td>Founder of the Homeland </td> <td>Second <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prince_of_the_Hungarians" title="Grand Prince of the Hungarians">Grand Prince of the Hungarians</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Honfoglal%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Honfoglalás">Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian basin</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>राष्ट्रपिता (Rashtrapita) Bapu (Father) </td> <td>Father of the Nation<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-timesofindia-20Jan20-38">[38]</a> </td> <td>Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a> from <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Hatta" title="Mohammad Hatta">Mohammad Hatta</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>Bapak Bangsa Sang Proklamator Dwitunggal </td> <td>Father(s) of the Nation The Proclamators Duumvirate </td> <td>Main leaders of the Indonesian National Revolution, wrote and signed the <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Indonesian_Independence" title="Proclamation of Indonesian Independence">Proclamation of Indonesian Independence</a>, as well as served as the first President and Vice President of Indonesia, respectively. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus the Great</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Name_of_Iran" title="Name of Iran">Persia</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shahanshah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shahanshah">Shahanshah</a> </td> <td>King of Kings </td> <td>The founder of the first <a href="/wiki/Persian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Empire">Persian Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td>Israel's <a href="/wiki/Founding_father" class="mw-redirect" title="Founding father">founding father</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Formally proclaimed the establishment of Israel and served as its first <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Israel" title="Prime Minister of Israel">prime minister</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Herzl" title="Theodor Herzl">Theodor Herzl</a> </td> <td>חוֹזֵה הַמְדִינָה (Chozeh HaMedinah, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'Visionary of the State') </td> <td>Spiritual Father of the Jewish State<a href="#cite_note-declaration-40">[40]</a> </td> <td>Father of modern <a href="/wiki/Types_of_Zionism#Political_Zionism" title="Types of Zionism">political Zionism</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pater_Patriae" title="Pater Patriae">Pater Patriae</a> </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Gave the <a href="/wiki/Roman_citizenship" title="Roman citizenship">Roman citizenship</a> to all the inhabitants of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pater_Patriae" title="Pater Patriae">Pater Patriae</a> </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Gave administrative unity to the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a>, by defining the regions of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camillo_Benso,_Count_of_Cavour" title="Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour">Camillo Benso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi" title="Giuseppe Garibaldi">Giuseppe Garibaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Giuseppe Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Emmanuel II of Italy">Victor Emmanuel II of Italy</a></li></ul> </div> </td> <td>Padre della Patria </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Authors of <a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">Italian unification</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Jimmu" title="Emperor Jimmu">Emperor Jimmu</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>神武天皇 (Jinmu Ten-noh) </td> <td> </td> <td>Legendary first <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">Emperor of Japan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerei_Khan" title="Kerei Khan">Kerei Khan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Janibek_Khan" title="Janibek Khan">Janibek Khan</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>Негізін қалаушылар (Negızın qalauşylar) </td> <td>Founders </td> <td>Founders and first rulers of the <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Khanate" title="Kazakh Khanate">Kazakh Khanate</a>, who led the <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_War_of_Independence" title="Kazakh War of Independence">Kazakh War of Independence</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Khanate" title="Uzbek Khanate">Uzbek Khanate</a> and established the first independent Kazakh state.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Members of the <a href="/wiki/Alash_(party)" title="Alash (party)">Alash</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Kazakh intellectuals who took part in the national liberation movement and formed the <a href="/wiki/Alash_Autonomy" title="Alash Autonomy">Alash Orda</a> provisional government during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jomo_Kenyatta" title="Jomo Kenyatta">Jomo Kenyatta</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> </td> <td>Baba wa Taifa </td> <td>Father of the Nation/Freedom Fighter </td> <td>First President of Kenya from 1963 to his death in 1978 who helped create the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Kenya" title="Constitution of Kenya">Kenyan Constitution</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Rugova" title="Ibrahim Rugova">Ibrahim Rugova</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> </td> <td>Ati i Kombit </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kosovo" title="President of Kosovo">president</a> of the <a href="/wiki/First_Republic_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="First Republic of Kosovo">First Republic of Kosovo</a>. <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kosovo" title="President of Kosovo">President</a> of <a href="/wiki/Serbia_(federal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbia (federal)">Serbian</a> <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Kosovo_and_Metochia" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metochia">Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metochia</a> under <a href="/wiki/UNMIK" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMIK">UN</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Leader of Libya from 1969 to 2011. He styled himself as the Father of the Nation, in addition to using other titles.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> He was also styled as such by Libyan state media.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Basanavi%C4%8Dius" title="Jonas Basanavičius">Jonas Basanavičius</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td>Tautos patriarchas </td> <td>Patriarch of the Nation </td> <td>Various cultural activities during the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_National_Revival" title="Lithuanian National Revival">Lithuanian National Revival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman" title="Tunku Abdul Rahman">Tunku Abdul Rahman</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Bapa Kemerdekaan</li> <li>Bapa Malaysia</li></ul> </div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Father of Independence</li> <li>Father of Malaysia</li></ul> </div> </td> <td>The first <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister of Malaysia</a>. A prince from the <a href="/wiki/Kedah_Sultanate" title="Kedah Sultanate">Kedah Sultanate</a>, the Cambridge-educated Tunku led the negotiated independence of <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya">Federation of Malaya</a> from the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> in 1957. Later formed <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> through the union of Peninsular Malaya, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo" title="North Borneo">North Borneo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> in 1963. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Fareed_Didi" title="Muhammad Fareed Didi">Muhammad Fareed Didi</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Founder of modern Maldives and last <a href="/wiki/List_of_Maldivian_monarchs" title="List of Maldivian monarchs">sultan of Maldives</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Bor%C4%A1_Olivier" class="mw-redirect" title="Giorgio Borġ Olivier">Giorgio Borġ Olivier</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td>Missier Malta Indipendenti </td> <td>Father of Independent Malta </td> <td>First post-independence <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime Minister of Malta</a> between 1950–1955 and 1962–1971. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff">Dom Mintoff</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Missier Malta Repubblika</li> <li>Missier Malta Hielsa</li></ul> </div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Father of Republican Malta</li> <li>Father of Free Malta</li></ul> </div> </td> <td>A Maltese statesman and leading politician. He twice served as Prime Minister of Malta (from 1955 to 1958, and from 1974 to 1984) as the Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">Labour Party</a>, a position he held from 1949 to 1984. In 1974, with him as Prime Minister, Malta negotiated a series of constitutional reforms leading to the establishment of the Maltese Republic and the removal of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">British monarch</a> as <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Malta" title="Queen of Malta">head of state</a>. In 1979, the last <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> ships left Malta, marking the country's transformation into a fully independent nation. Mintoff is also credited with the establishment of the Maltese <a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">welfare state</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialist</a>-style <a href="/wiki/Nationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalisation">nationalisation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collectivisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Collectivisation">collectivisation</a> of various key industries. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sir <a href="/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam">Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> </td> <td>First post-independence Prime Minister, in 1968. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Hidalgo_y_Costilla" title="Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla">Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td> <td>Padre de la patria mexicana<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Mexican Nation<a href="#cite_note-Vazquez-51">[51]</a> </td> <td>First revolutionary leader in the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_War_of_Independence" title="Mexican War of Independence">Mexican War of Independence</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> </td> <td>Монголчуудын эцэг (Mongolčuudyn eceg) </td> <td>Father of the <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a>, Founding Father of Mongolia<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> </td> <td>After unifying the many nomadic tribes of northeastern Asian steppe peoples, Genghis Khan founded the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> and became the first Great Khan and Emperor. He eventually led a <a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_and_conquests" title="Mongol invasions and conquests">conquest of the majority of Eurasia</a>, and his unified homeland would become Mongolia. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_V_of_Morocco" title="Mohammed V of Morocco">Mohammed V</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>أَب الْوَطَن الْمَغْرِبِي (ʔab al-waṭan al-maḡribī)</li> <li>ⵉⴱⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⵉ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ (ibba n tamtti amɣribi)</li></ul> </div> </td> <td>Father of the Moroccan Nation<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> </td> <td>King of Morocco during its independence in 1956, seen by most Moroccans as Father of the Nation.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aung_San" title="Aung San">Aung San</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>နိုင်ငံ‌တော်၏ဖခင်၊</li> <li>လွတ်လပ်ရေးဖခင်၊</li> <li>တပ်မတော်၏ဖခင်</li></ul> </div> </td> <td>Father of Nation,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Father of Independence, Father of <a href="/wiki/Tatmadaw" title="Tatmadaw">Tatmadaw</a> (Burmese Army) </td> <td>He was the founder of Tatmadaw (Burmese Army) and he was the 5th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Myanmar" title="Prime Minister of Myanmar">Prime Minister of Burma</a> in <a href="/wiki/British_rule_in_Burma" title="British rule in Burma">British Era</a> from 1946 to 1947. He was instrumental in Myanmar's struggle for independence from British rule, but he was assassinated just six months before his goal was realized. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nujoma" title="Sam Nujoma">Sam Nujoma</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Founding Father of the Namibian Nation </td> <td>Primary leader of <a href="/wiki/SWAPO" title="SWAPO">SWAPO</a> during the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Border_War" title="South African Border War">South African Border War</a> and first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Namibia" title="President of Namibia">President of Namibia</a>, 1990–2005; title conferred by <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Parliament">Act of Parliament</a> in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_Narayan_Shah" title="Prithvi Narayan Shah">Prithvi Narayan Shah</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td> <td>श्री ५ बडामहाराजधिराज पृथ्वी नारायण शाह (śrī 5 baḍāmhārājdhirāj pr̥thvī nārāyaṇ śāha) </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_of_Nepal" title="King of Nepal">King of Nepal</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Nepal" title="Unification of Nepal">Unification of Nepal</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_the_Silent" title="William the Silent">William the Silent</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td>Vader des Vaderlands </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Leader of the successful <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Revolt">Dutch Revolt</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>, which led to the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a>, the first independent Dutch state.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Diriang%C3%A9n" title="Diriangén">Diriangén</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> </td> <td>Padre de la Patria Nicaragüense </td> <td>Father of the Nicaraguan Fatherland </td> <td>Native Nicaraguan tribal leader </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nnamdi_Azikiwe" title="Nnamdi Azikiwe">Nnamdi Azikiwe</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td>Father of Nigerian Nationalism </td> <td> </td> <td>First president of <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> when it became a republic on 1 October 1963, and was the last governor general of Nigeria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Krste_Misirkov" title="Krste Misirkov">Krste Misirkov</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> </td> <td>Татко на нацијата (Tatko na nacijata) </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Prominent linguist, writer and activist. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Einar Gerhardsen</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td>Landsfaderen </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First post–<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Norway" title="Prime Minister of Norway">prime minister</a> of <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td> <td>주체조선의 영원한 수령 (juchejoseonui yeong'wonhan suryeong) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eternal_leaders_of_North_Korea" title="Eternal leaders of North Korea">Eternal Leader</a> </td> <td>Founder of the North Korean state, progenitor of <a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a>, and <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea">General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea</a> from 1949 to 1994<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>Baba-e-Qaum<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a>/Quaid-e-Azam<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Nation/Great Leader </td> <td>Led the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Movement" title="Pakistan Movement">Pakistan Movement</a> and served as first <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Pakistan" title="Governor-General of Pakistan">governor-general of Pakistan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a> </td> <td>The Father of Palestine<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Led the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_liberation" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian liberation">Palestinian liberation</a> movement and served as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Palestinian_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Palestinian Authority">president</a> of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">State of Palestine</a> from 1994 to 2004. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sir <a href="/wiki/Michael_Somare" title="Michael Somare">Michael Somare</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> </td> <td>Papa Blo Kantri (<a href="/wiki/Tok_Pisin" title="Tok Pisin">Tok Pisin</a>) <a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Leader at independence in 1975; also known as "the chief" and "the old man".<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>Kauna-unahang Pangulo ng Pilipinas </td> <td>First President of the <a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">Philippines</a> </td> <td>Military Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a> and the First <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a> through the 1899 <a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a>, which oversaw the promulgation of the <a href="/wiki/Malolos_Constitution" title="Malolos Constitution">Malolos Constitution</a>. His birthday, 22 March 1869, is celebrated as Emilio Aguinaldo Day. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio" title="Andrés Bonifacio">Andrés Bonifacio</a> </td> <td>Amá ng Himagsikan </td> <td>Father of the Revolution </td> <td>Political Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a>, which saw armed resistance against the Spanish Empire. His birthday, 30 November 1863, is a national holiday. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal" title="José Rizal">José Rizal</a> </td> <td>Pambansáng Bayani </td> <td>National Hero </td> <td>Colloquially known as the "National Hero". Rizal's works and writings–which helped start the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a>–are part of the national curriculum as mandated by Republic Act No. 1425. The anniversary of his 30 December 1896 execution by the Spanish colonial government is a national holiday.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Daszy%C5%84ski" title="Ignacy Daszyński">Ignacy Daszyński</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Dmowski" title="Roman Dmowski">Roman Dmowski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Korfanty" title="Wojciech Korfanty">Wojciech Korfanty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Ignacy Jan Paderewski</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Pi%C5%82sudski" title="Józef Piłsudski">Józef Piłsudski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wincenty_Witos" title="Wincenty Witos">Wincenty Witos</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>Ojcowie Niepodległości, Ojcowie Polski Odrodzonej </td> <td>Fathers of Independence, Fathers of Reborn Poland </td> <td>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> six fathers of independence jointly took advantage of the favorable conditions and led to the birth of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Polish_Republic" title="Second Polish Republic">Second Polish Republic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mieszko_I" title="Mieszko I">Mieszko I</a> </td> <td>Twórca państwa polskiego </td> <td>Founder of the Polish state </td> <td>Mieszko I united <a href="/wiki/Polish_tribes" title="Polish tribes">slavic tribes of Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Poland#Baptism" title="Christianization of Poland">baptized</a> the country and became the first historical <a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_monarchs" title="List of Polish monarchs">ruler of Poland</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso I of Portugal</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td>Fundador da Nação </td> <td>Father of the Nation a.k.a. The Conqueror </td> <td>Founder and first King of Portugal (1139), recognized by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> in 1179. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_I_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter I of Russia">Peter I of Russia</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>Отец Отечества (Otec Otečestva) </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Was granted the title in 1721 by the <a href="/wiki/Governing_Senate" title="Governing Senate">Governing Senate</a>, along with "<a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Russia" title="Emperor of Russia">Emperor of Russia</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/The_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="The Great">The Great</a>".<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/El-Ouali_Mustapha_Sayed" title="El-Ouali Mustapha Sayed">El-Ouali Mustapha Sayed</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Polisario_Front" title="Polisario Front">Polisario Front</a>, First President of the <a href="/wiki/SADR" class="mw-redirect" title="SADR">SADR</a>. Fought against Spanish colonial army & against the invasion of the Moroccan and Mauritanian armies in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" title="Western Sahara conflict">Western Sahara conflict</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Compton" title="John Compton">John Compton</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Prime Minister at independence in 1979. Also known as "Daddy Compton".<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Marinus" title="Saint Marinus">Saint Marinus</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/20px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/31px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/40px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Founder of a chapel and monastery in central Italy, in 301 (traditional date: 3 September). From this initial community the state of San Marino later grew.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" title="Ibn Saud">Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> </td> <td>وَالِد الْأُمَّة (Wālid al-ʔumma)/الْمُؤَسِّس (Al-Muʔassis) </td> <td>Father of the Nation/The Founder </td> <td>Unified the tribes of the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a> and established the modern Saudi state. He descended from the noble <a href="/wiki/House_of_Saud" title="House of Saud">House of Saud</a>, the dynasty which had ruled most of Arabia in the 18th century. His son <a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">King Salman</a> is the current head of state of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>. Five other older sons – <a href="/wiki/Saud_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Saud of Saudi Arabia">Saud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Faisal of Saudi Arabia">Faisal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khalid_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Khalid of Saudi Arabia">Khalid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fahd_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Fahd of Saudi Arabia">Fahd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">Abdullah</a> – served as former heads of state. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Dewar" title="Donald Dewar">Donald Dewar</a> </td> <td rowspan="1"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister of Scotland</a> following the reconvening of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> He is known as the Father of the Nation for his role in overseeing the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Scottish_devolution" title="Scottish devolution">Scottish devolution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dobrica_%C4%86osi%C4%87" title="Dobrica Ćosić">Dobrica Ćosić</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>Отац нације (Otac nacije)<a href="#cite_note-glas-javnosti2000-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Yugoslav and Serbian politician, writer, and political theorist. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kara%C4%91or%C4%91e" title="Karađorđe">Karađorđe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Miloš the Great">Miloš the Great</a> </td> <td>Отац нације (Otac nacije)<a href="#cite_note-Jelenić1923-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Leaders of the <a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising" title="First Serbian Uprising">First</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Serbian_Uprising" title="Second Serbian Uprising">Second Serbian Uprising</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Revolution" title="Serbian Revolution">Serbian Revolution</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Sava" title="Saint Sava">Saint Sava</a> </td> <td>Отац отаџбине (Otac otadžbine)<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Fatherland </td> <td>Founder of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serbian Orthodox Church</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lee_Kuan_Yew" title="Lee Kuan Yew">Lee Kuan Yew</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of Singapore </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Singapore" title="Prime Minister of Singapore">Prime Minister</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Republic of Singapore</a>, governing for over 30 years. Leading figure throughout Singapore's time as a <a href="/wiki/Singapore_in_Malaysia" title="Singapore in Malaysia">part of Malaysia</a> and its later independence. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Primo%C5%BE_Trubar" title="Primož Trubar">Primož Trubar</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td>Oče naroda </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>A consolidator of <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a> and the author of the first Slovene printed book. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Abdullah_Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Abdullah Hassan">Mohammed Abdullah Hassan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the fatherland </td> <td>The emir of Dervish and <a href="/wiki/Las_Anod#Diiriye_Guure" title="Las Anod">Diiriye Guure</a>.<a href="#cite_note-scr-79">[79]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> </td> <td>Tata wethu[<a href="/wiki/Template:Which_lang" title="Template:Which lang">what language is this?</a>] </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Primary leader of <a href="/wiki/Internal_resistance_to_apartheid" title="Internal resistance to apartheid">internal resistance to apartheid</a> as chairman of the <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a>, and first President of post-<a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> South Africa.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a> (Ferdinand and Isabella) </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>Reyes Católicos de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón </td> <td>Catholic Monarchs of the Kingdoms of Castille and Aragon </td> <td>The unifiers of Spain. They unified the territories of <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castille</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Aragon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a>, all the territories of the Iberian Peninsula, except Portugal. During their reign <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">America</a> was discovered and started the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Don_Stephen_Senanayake" class="mw-redirect" title="Don Stephen Senanayake">Don Stephen Senanayake</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td>ජාතියේ පියා (Jātiyē Piyā) </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First Prime Minister, from 1947 to 1952.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Johan_Ferrier" title="Johan Ferrier">Johan Ferrier</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/23px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/35px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/45px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> </td> <td>Vader des Vaderlands </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First president after the independence of the country in 1975 (the term Vader des Vaderlands has its roots in the Netherlands). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav I of Sweden">Gustav I of Sweden</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td>Landsfader </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Broke Sweden from Danish rule under <a href="/wiki/Christian_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian II">Christian II</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Per_Albin_Hansson" title="Per Albin Hansson">Per Albin Hansson</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td> <td>Landsfader </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister</a> 1932–1946 and founder of <a href="/wiki/Folkhemmet" title="Folkhemmet">The People's Home</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julius_Nyerere" title="Julius Nyerere">Julius Nyerere</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td>Baba wa Taifa </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/President_of_Tanzania" title="President of Tanzania">President of Tanzania</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Henry Alcazar, Victor Bryan, <a href="/wiki/Tubal_Uriah_Butler" title="Tubal Uriah Butler">Tubal Uriah Butler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudranath_Capildeo" title="Rudranath Capildeo">Rudranath Capildeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simbhoonath_Capildeo" title="Simbhoonath Capildeo">Simbhoonath Capildeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Andrew_Cipriani" title="Arthur Andrew Cipriani">Arthur Andrew Cipriani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Gomes" title="Albert Gomes">Albert Gomes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Hochoy" title="Solomon Hochoy">Solomon Hochoy</a>, <a href="/wiki/A._P._T._James" title="A. P. T. James">A. P. T. James</a>, <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Jeffers" title="Audrey Jeffers">Audrey Jeffers</a>, Ranjit Kumar, <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Mzumbo_Lazare" title="Emmanuel Mzumbo Lazare">Emmanuel Mzumbo Lazare</a>, Chanka Maharaj, <a href="/wiki/Bhadase_Maraj" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhadase Maraj">Bhadase Sagan Maraj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quintin_O%27Connor" title="Quintin O'Connor">Quintin O'Connor</a>, Michael Pocock, <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Cola_Rienzi" title="Adrian Cola Rienzi">Adrian Cola Rienzi (Krishna Deonarine)</a>, Alfred Richards, Harold Robinson, Timothy Roodal, Lionel Seukeran, <a href="/wiki/Ashford_Sinanan" title="Ashford Sinanan">Ashford Sinanan</a>, Mitra Sinanan, <a href="/wiki/Sarran_Teelucksingh" title="Sarran Teelucksingh">Sarran Teelucksingh</a>, Louis de Verteuil, Gerald Wight, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Williams" title="Eric Williams">Eric Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Wooding" title="Hugh Wooding">Hugh Wooding</a><a href="#cite_note-issuu.com-83">[83]</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Moulders of the Nation<a href="#cite_note-issuu.com-83">[83]</a> </td> <td>They helped shape the country's future as an independent nation and laid the foundation of democracy.<a href="#cite_note-issuu.com-83">[83]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_Williams" title="Eric Williams">Eric Williams</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>First and three-term <a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago">Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago</a> from 1956 to his death in 1981, first Premier of Trinidad and Tobago from 1961 to 1966, second Chief Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1956 to 1961, founder of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_National_Movement" title="People's National Movement">People's National Movement (PNM)</a> and was instrumental in writing the Trinidad and Tobago constitution and gaining the country <a href="/wiki/Independence" title="Independence">independence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">republicanism</a> from <a href="/wiki/History_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="History of Trinidad and Tobago">British rule</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Habib_Bourguiba" title="Habib Bourguiba">Habib Bourguiba</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> </td> <td>الْمُجَاهِد الْأَكْبَر (al-Mujāhid Al-ʔakbar) </td> <td>The Supreme Warrior </td> <td>Father of the independence of <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> and first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Tunisia" title="President of Tunisia">President of Tunisia</a>. He led the <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_national_movement" title="Tunisian national movement">Tunisian national movement</a> against the <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French colonial empire</a>. After <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_independence" title="Tunisian independence">Tunisian independence</a>, he founded a modern state, built schools and hospitals and gave the Tunisian women rights that are still unique in the Arab World today. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>Atatürk </td> <td>Father of the Turks (always used as a last name and not a title proper) </td> <td>Founder of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Turkey">Republic of Turkey</a> and first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">President of Turkey</a>. He led the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_national_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish national movement">Turkish national movement</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="Turkish War of Independence">Turkish War of Independence</a>, and enacted <a href="/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk%27s_reforms" title="Atatürk's reforms">the reforms</a> that made Turkey a democratic nation-state. Granted in accordance with the 1934 <a href="/wiki/Surname_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Surname Law">Surname Law</a> establishing <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surnames</a> in Turkey.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Khmelnytsky" title="Bohdan Khmelnytsky">Bohdan Khmelnytsky</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Khmelnytsky_Uprising" title="Khmelnytsky Uprising">Khmelnytsky Uprising</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a>, the first independent Ukrainian state. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sheikh <a href="/wiki/Zayed_bin_Sultan_Al_Nahyan" title="Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan">Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> </td> <td>وَالِد الْأُمَّة (Wālid al-ʔumma) </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td>President of the UAE for its first 33 years (1971–2004).<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">John Jay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Signing_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence#List_of_signers" title="Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence">Signers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)#Framers_of_the_Constitution" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Framers</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> </td> <td>The Signers signed the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">United States Declaration of Independence</a> in 1776. The Framers were delegates to the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Constitutional Convention</a> and took part in framing or drafting the proposed <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Father of His Country<a href="#cite_note-Grizzard105-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-independent.co.uk-92">[92]</a> </td> <td>George Washington is particularly highlighted out of the <a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers of the United States</a> as being the "father of his country"<a href="#cite_note-Grizzard105-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-independent.co.uk-92">[92]</a> for his role as the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander-in-Chief">commander-in-chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, his resignation of command at the end of the war, the presidency of the Constitutional Convention and for <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_Washington" title="Presidency of George Washington">his tenure</a> (and <a href="/wiki/George_Washington%27s_Farewell_Address" title="George Washington's Farewell Address">voluntary retirement</a>) as the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gervasio_Artigas" title="José Gervasio Artigas">José Gervasio Artigas</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /> <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> </td> <td>Padre de la independencia uruguaya, Protector de los Pueblos Libres y Jefe de los orientales<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> </td> <td>Father of Uruguayan independence, Defender of the Free and Chief of the eastern people<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> </td> <td>Fought against the <a href="/wiki/Royalist_(Spanish_American_independence)" title="Royalist (Spanish American independence)">Spanish Royalists</a> for independence in the <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Río de la Plata">Río de la Plata</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>Cha già dân tộc </td> <td>Father of the people </td> <td>Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Viet_Minh" title="Viet Minh">Viet Minh</a>, who fought for independence from France in the <a href="/wiki/First_Indochina_War" title="First Indochina War">First Indochina War</a> and decisively defeated them at the bloody <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dien_Bien_Phu" title="Battle of Dien Bien Phu">Battle of Dien Bien Phu</a>, resulting in the establishment of an independent <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Viet_Nam" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of Viet Nam">Democratic Republic of Vietnam</a> in the north of the country in 1954. Vietnam would eventually be united under <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a> rule after his death with the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Saigon" title="Fall of Saigon">Fall of Saigon</a> at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> in 1975. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>Tata[<a href="/wiki/Template:Which_lang" title="Template:Which lang">what language is this?</a>] </td> <td>Father of the nation </td> <td>First president of Zambia from 1964 to 1991. He founded the <a href="/wiki/Zambian_African_National_Congress" title="Zambian African National Congress">Zambian African National Congress</a> (ANC), later becoming the head of the <a href="/wiki/United_National_Independence_Party" title="United National Independence Party">United National Independence Party</a> (UNIP) which led to attaining independence. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhodri_Morgan" title="Rhodri Morgan">Rhodri Morgan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> </td> <td>Tad y Genedl<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> </td> <td>Father of the Nation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister of Wales</a> from 2000 to 2009. He is credited with stabilising <a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Welsh devolution</a> after the short and unstable premiership of his predecessor, the first First Minister <a href="/wiki/Alun_Michael" title="Alun Michael">Alun Michael</a>.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_founders" title="List of national founders">List of national founders</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTriulzi1996" class="citation book cs1">Triulzi, Alessandro (1996). "African cities, historical memory, and street buzz". In Iain Chambers & Lidia Curti (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/postcolonialques00cham">The Post-colonial Question</a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/postcolonialques00cham/page/88">88</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-10857-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-10857-8"><bdi>0-415-10857-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=African+cities%2C+historical+memory%2C+and+street+buzz&rft.btitle=The+Post-colonial+Question&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-415-10857-8&rft.aulast=Triulzi&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpostcolonialques00cham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaskin2005" class="citation book cs1">Haskin, Jeanne M. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Lo6pXz2vxf4C">The Tragic State of the Congo: From Decolonization to Dictatorship</a>. Algora Publishing. p. 50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87586-417-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-87586-417-1"><bdi>0-87586-417-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tragic+State+of+the+Congo%3A+From+Decolonization+to+Dictatorship&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=Algora+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-87586-417-1&rft.aulast=Haskin&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLo6pXz2vxf4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchatzberg2001" class="citation book cs1">Schatzberg, Michael G. 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BBC News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/country_profiles/1160598.stm">the original</a> on 11 November 2008. Retrieved 9 November 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Country+profile%3A+Bangladesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fsouth_asia%2Fcountry_profiles%2F1160598.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalogová2007" class="citation news cs1">Balogová, Beata (17 December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spectator.sk/articles/view/30240/14/2007_was_turbulent_for_the_ruling_coalition.html">"2007 was turbulent for the ruling coalition"</a>. 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Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antigua+and+Barbuda+Observer&rft.atitle=A%26B+celebrates+the+Father+of+the+Nation&rft.date=2020-12-10&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=Elesha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fantiguaobserver.com%2Fab-celebrates-the-father-of-the-nation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.argentina.ar/_es/pais/personalidades/C2390-jose-de-san-martin.php">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111202114854/http://www.argentina.ar/_es/pais/personalidades/C2390-jose-de-san-martin.php">Archived</a> 2 December 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cabildonacional.cultura.gob.ar/noticia/maria-remedios-del-valle-la-madre-de-la-patria/">"María Remedios del Valle, la "Madre de la Patria""</a> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved 17 January 2009. <q>it has been well documented that Sir Lynden Pindling was the leader of the political movement that led to the attainment of majority rule on January 10, 1967, and that he is recognized as the ৭ of the Nation — the man who was the country's leader when The Bahamas obtained its independence from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> on July 10, 1973.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freeport+News&rft.atitle=The+death+of+Jeffrey+Thompson&rft.date=2008-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreeport.nassauguardian.net%2Feditorial%2F308121337236779.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240805120455/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240104-ode-to-the-father-bangladesh-s-political-personality-cult">"Ode to the father: Bangladesh's political personality cult"</a>. <a href="/wiki/France_24" title="France 24">France 24</a>. 4 January 2024. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caricom.org/jsp/projects/personalities/rt_hon_george.jsp?menu=projects">the original</a> on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 30 January 2009. <q>Rt. Honourable George Cadle Price, "Father of the Nation" of Belize</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CARICOM.com&rft.atitle=Rt.+Hon.+George+Price&rft.date=2008-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caricom.org%2Fjsp%2Fprojects%2Fpersonalities%2Frt_hon_george.jsp%3Fmenu%3Dprojects&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.mybelize.net/index.php?action=view&id=1875&module=newsmodule&src=%40random4865ef792ff2d">"The Father of the Nation Turns 90"</a>. 7 News Belize. 16 January 2009. Retrieved 13 May 2009. <q>Even Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Dean_Barrow" title="Dean Barrow">Dean Barrow</a> calls George Price the father of the nation</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Father+of+the+Nation+Turns+90&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.mybelize.net%2Findex.php%3Faction%3Dview%26id%3D1875%26module%3Dnewsmodule%26src%3D%2540random4865ef792ff2d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-Sun1-27"><a href="#cite_ref-Sun1_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYin2015" class="citation book cs1">Yin, Xiong (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LYOXDwAAQBAJ&q=%E5%AD%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1+%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E6%8E%88%E4%BA%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%88%B6&pg=PT191">至樂齋詩抄第二部</a>. 新華出版社. p. 181. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5166-1604-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5166-1604-8"><bdi>978-7-5166-1604-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E8%87%B3%E6%A8%82%E9%BD%8B%E8%A9%A9%E6%8A%84+%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E9%83%A8&rft.pages=181&rft.pub=%E6%96%B0%E8%8F%AF%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-7-5166-1604-8&rft.aulast=Yin&rft.aufirst=Xiong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLYOXDwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%25E5%25AD%2599%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%25B1%25B1%2B%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%258D%258E%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%259B%25BD%25E6%258E%2588%25E4%25BA%2588%25E5%259B%25BD%25E7%2588%25B6%26pg%3DPT191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sun2-28"><a href="#cite_ref-Sun2_28-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXie2017" class="citation book cs1">Xie, Xuanjun (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jhE6DwAAQBAJ&q=%E5%AD%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1+%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%85%88%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86&pg=PA403">少数民族入主中国史略</a>. Lulu.com. p. 403. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-387-25535-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-387-25535-1"><bdi>978-1-387-25535-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2%E7%95%A5&rft.pages=403&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-387-25535-1&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Xuanjun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjhE6DwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%25E5%25AD%2599%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%25B1%25B1%2B%25E9%259D%25A9%25E5%2591%25BD%25E5%2585%2588%25E8%25A1%258C%25E8%2580%2585%2B%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%259B%25BD%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%2599%2586%26pg%3DPA403&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guiascostarica.com/presi/presi08.htm">"Francisco María Oreamuno Badilla"</a>. 27 June 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424023545/http://guiascostarica.com/presi/presi08.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Francisco+Mar%C3%ADa+Oreamuno+Badilla&rft.date=2013-06-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guiascostarica.com%2Fpresi%2Fpresi08.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100313080552/http://www.hsp-ante-starcevic.hr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=79&Itemid=57">"Povijest Oca domovine"</a> (in Croatian). <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Party_of_Rights_Dr._Ante_Star%C4%8Devi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Party of Rights Dr. Ante Starčević">Croatian Party of Rights Dr. Ante Starčević</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hsp-ante-starcevic.hr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=79&Itemid=57">the original</a> on 13 March 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Povijest+Oca+domovine&rft.pub=Croatian+Party+of+Rights+Dr.+Ante+Star%C4%8Devi%C4%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hsp-ante-starcevic.hr%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D79%26Itemid%3D57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988">His works are considered to have laid the foundations for Croatian nationalism and he is often referred to as "Father of the Homeland" by Croats. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHautrive2004" class="citation web cs1">Hautrive, Iliana (10 October 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130210195308/http://edicionesanteriores.trabajadores.cu/2004/octubre/10_ingles/textos_y_fotos/cuba-conmemora.htm">"Cuba commemorates the 136 anniversary of the beginning of its wars of independence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Trabajadores_(newspaper)" title="Trabajadores (newspaper)">Trabajadores</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edicionesanteriores.trabajadores.cu/2004/octubre/10_ingles/textos_y_fotos/cuba-conmemora.htm">the original</a> on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2009. <q>Cuba commemorates this Sunday the beginning of its wars of independence, the 10 of October of 1868, when the insigne patriotic Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, considered the Father of the Motherland, gave the freedom to his slaves to begin the fight by the liberation of the Nation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cuba+commemorates+the+136+anniversary+of+the+beginning+of+its+wars+of+independence&rft.pub=Trabajadores&rft.date=2004-10-10&rft.aulast=Hautrive&rft.aufirst=Iliana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedicionesanteriores.trabajadores.cu%2F2004%2Foctubre%2F10_ingles%2Ftextos_y_fotos%2Fcuba-conmemora.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cz-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cz_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cz_32-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cz_32-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2005" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, Andrew Lawrence (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BWg8CdosOpMC">From Good King Wenceslas to the Good Soldier Švejk: A Dictionary of Czech Popular Culture</a>. <a href="/wiki/Central_European_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Central European University Press">Central European University Press</a>. p. 102. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-7326-26-X" title="Special:BookSources/963-7326-26-X"><bdi>963-7326-26-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Good+King+Wenceslas+to+the+Good+Soldier+%C5%A0vejk%3A+A+Dictionary+of+Czech+Popular+Culture&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=Central+European+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=963-7326-26-X&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBWg8CdosOpMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSayerAlena_Sayer2000" class="citation book cs1">Sayer, Derek; Alena Sayer (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_yrxrO0lC0YC">The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History</a>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. p. 129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-05052-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-05052-X"><bdi>0-691-05052-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Coasts+of+Bohemia%3A+A+Czech+History&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-691-05052-X&rft.aulast=Sayer&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.au=Alena+Sayer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_yrxrO0lC0YC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 pages, first issue vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czech Republic) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3">978-80-87173-47-3</a>, pages 36 – 39, 41 – 42, 106 – 107, 111–112, 124–125, 128, 129, 132, 140–148, 184–199. </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLamrani2021" class="citation journal cs1">Lamrani, Salim (30 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/22675#tocto1n2">"Toussaint Louverture, In the Name of Dignity. A Look at the Trajectory of the Precursor of Independence of Haiti"</a>. Études caribéennes (48). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fetudescaribeennes.22675">10.4000/etudescaribeennes.22675</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1779-0980">1779-0980</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:245041866">245041866</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes+carib%C3%A9ennes&rft.atitle=Toussaint+Louverture%2C+In+the+Name+of+Dignity.+A+Look+at+the+Trajectory+of+the+Precursor+of+Independence+of+Haiti&rft.issue=48&rft.date=2021-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A245041866%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1779-0980&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fetudescaribeennes.22675&rft.aulast=Lamrani&rft.aufirst=Salim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Fetudescaribeennes%2F22675%23tocto1n2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMocombe2018" class="citation book cs1">Mocombe, Paul C. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326109707">Identity and Ideology in Haiti: The Children of Sans Souci, Dessalines/Toussaint, and Pétion</a>. Routledge. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815022353/https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul-Mocombe/publication/326109707_Identity_and_Ideology_in_Haiti_The_Children_of_Sans_Souci_DessalinesToussaint_and_Petion/links/5b4101cf458515f71cb114a1/Identity-and-Ideology-in-Haiti-The-Children-of-Sans-Souci-Dessalines-Toussaint-and-Petion.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Identity+and+Ideology+in+Haiti%3A+The+Children+of+Sans+Souci%2C+Dessalines%2FToussaint%2C+and+P%C3%A9tion&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Mocombe&rft.aufirst=Paul+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F326109707&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.firstpost.com/india/gandhi-jayanti-2021-inspirational-quotes-by-father-of-the-nation-mahatma-gandhi-10016461.html">"Gandhi Jayanti 2021: Inspirational quotes by 'Father of the Nation' Mahatma Gandhi"</a>. Firstpost. 2 October 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211003150745/https://www.firstpost.com/india/gandhi-jayanti-2021-inspirational-quotes-by-father-of-the-nation-mahatma-gandhi-10016461.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Firstpost&rft.atitle=Gandhi+Jayanti+2021%3A+Inspirational+quotes+by+%27Father+of+the+Nation%27+Mahatma+Gandhi&rft.date=2021-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstpost.com%2Findia%2Fgandhi-jayanti-2021-inspirational-quotes-by-father-of-the-nation-mahatma-gandhi-10016461.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-timesofindia-20Jan20-38"><a href="#cite_ref-timesofindia-20Jan20_38-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaiswal2020" class="citation news cs1">Jaiswal, Anuja (20 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/mahatma-gandhi-was-never-declared-father-of-nation-reveals-rti-reply/articleshow/73446044.cms">"Mahatma Gandhi was never declared 'Father of Nation', reveals RTI reply"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a>. <q>Mahatma Gandhi was never accorded the 'Father of the Nation' title by Government of India and no rule or ordinance was ever passed in this regard. ... Article 18 (1) of the Constitution does not permit any titles except education and military ones. ... a bench comprising Chief Justice SA Bobde and justices BR Gavai and Surya Kant, had observed, 'Mahatma Gandhi is the Father of the Nation and people hold him in high esteem, beyond any formal recognition'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Mahatma+Gandhi+was+never+declared+%27Father+of+Nation%27%2C+reveals+RTI+reply&rft.date=2020-01-20&rft.aulast=Jaiswal&rft.aufirst=Anuja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Fmahatma-gandhi-was-never-declared-father-of-nation-reveals-rti-reply%2Farticleshow%2F73446044.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/1/newsid_2492000/2492775.stm">"1973: Israel's founding father dies"</a>. BBC. 1 December 1973. Retrieved 31 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=1973%3A+Israel%27s+founding+father+dies&rft.date=1973-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fdecember%2F1%2Fnewsid_2492000%2F2492775.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-declaration-40"><a href="#cite_ref-declaration_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151228134825/http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/peace/guide/pages/declaration%20of%20establishment%20of%20state%20of%20israel.aspx">"Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel"</a>. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 14 May 1948. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/peace/guide/pages/declaration%20of%20establishment%20of%20state%20of%20israel.aspx">the original</a> on 28 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Declaration+of+Establishment+of+State+of+Israel&rft.date=1948-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.gov.il%2Fmfa%2Fforeignpolicy%2Fpeace%2Fguide%2Fpages%2Fdeclaration%2520of%2520establishment%2520of%2520state%2520of%2520israel.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarti2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sarti, Roland (2003). "Giuseppe Mazzini e la tradizione repubblicana". 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Pearson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-424-9499-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-424-9499-7"><bdi>978-88-424-9499-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Giuseppe+Mazzini+e+la+tradizione+repubblicana&rft.btitle=Almanacco+della+Repubblica%3A+storia+d%27Italia+attraverso+le+tradizioni%2C+le+istituzioni+e+le+simbologie+repubblicane&rft.pub=Pearson&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-88-424-9499-7&rft.aulast=Sarti&rft.aufirst=Roland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUgolini" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ugolini, Romano. Cento anni del Vittoriano 1911-2011 (in Italian). Gangemi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cento+anni+del+Vittoriano+1911-2011&rft.pub=Gangemi&rft.aulast=Ugolini&rft.aufirst=Romano&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerfetti2011" class="citation book cs1">Perfetti, Francesco (2011). "I padri della Patria". Quaderni del Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. p. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=I+padri+della+Patria&rft.btitle=Quaderni+del+Dipartimento+di+Scienze+Politiche+Universit%C3%A0+Cattolica+del+Sacro+Cuore&rft.pages=2&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Perfetti&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://e-history.kz/en/news/show/7650">"On the Foundation of the Kazakh Khanate"</a>. e-history.kz. 13 October 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=e-history.kz&rft.atitle=On+the+Foundation+of+the+Kazakh+Khanate&rft.date=2018-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fe-history.kz%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fshow%2F7650&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2011" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Shaun (16 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/kazakh-leader-puts-own-name-in-lights-with-film-of-his-childhood-2268638.html">"Kazakh leader puts own name in lights with film of his childhood"</a>. The Independent. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Kazakh+leader+puts+own+name+in+lights+with+film+of+his+childhood&rft.date=2011-04-16&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fkazakh-leader-puts-own-name-in-lights-with-film-of-his-childhood-2268638.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanahar2011" class="citation news cs1">Danahar, Paul (1 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14728563">"Photo journal: Key moments in Libya's six-month revolt"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Photo+journal%3A+Key+moments+in+Libya%27s+six-month+revolt&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.aulast=Danahar&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-14728563&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMekay2011" class="citation news cs1">Mekay, Emad (23 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/24/world/middleeast/24iht-m24libya.html">"One Libyan Battle Is Fought in Social and News Media"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=One+Libyan+Battle+Is+Fought+in+Social+and+News+Media&rft.date=2011-02-23&rft.aulast=Mekay&rft.aufirst=Emad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F02%2F24%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2F24iht-m24libya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor2003" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, Kevin (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b3b5nU4bnw4C&pg=PA59">The history of the Baltic States</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32355-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32355-3"><bdi>978-0-313-32355-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+history+of+the+Baltic+States&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32355-3&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db3b5nU4bnw4C%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070625162936/http://www.mauritiuspost.mu/museum/fdc/other.php?id=51">"Centenary of Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam"</a>. Mauritius Post Museum. Mauritius Post. 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mauritiuspost.mu/museum/fdc/other.php?id=51">the original</a> on 25 June 2007. Retrieved 20 January 2009. <q>Known as the "Father of the Nation", Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam has throughout his political career from 1940 to 1982 been closely associated with the significant emancipation of the people of Mauritius and has led the struggle for Independence.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mauritius+Post+Museum&rft.atitle=Centenary+of+Sir+Seewoosagur+Ramgoolam.&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mauritiuspost.mu%2Fmuseum%2Ffdc%2Fother.php%3Fid%3D51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elperiodicodemexico.com/nota.php?sec=Nacional-Politica&id=137050">"El Grito, una tradición popular mexicana sin dueño"</a>. El Periodico de Mexico (in Spanish). 15 September 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110710184350/http://www.elperiodicodemexico.com/nota.php?sec=Nacional-Politica&id=137050">Archived</a> from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2009. <q>Miguel Hidalgo, considerado el "padre de la patria" mexicana</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Periodico+de+Mexico&rft.atitle=El+Grito%2C+una+tradici%C3%B3n+popular+mexicana+sin+due%C3%B1o&rft.date=2007-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elperiodicodemexico.com%2Fnota.php%3Fsec%3DNacional-Politica%26id%3D137050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vazquez-51"><a href="#cite_ref-Vazquez_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVazquez-Gomez1997" class="citation book cs1">Vazquez-Gomez, Juana (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmexi0000vazq">Dictionary of Mexican Rulers, 1325–1997</a>. Westport, CT, US: Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-30049-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-30049-3"><bdi>978-0-313-30049-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Mexican+Rulers%2C+1325%E2%80%931997&rft.place=Westport%2C+CT%2C+US&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-313-30049-3&rft.aulast=Vazquez-Gomez&rft.aufirst=Juana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofmexi0000vazq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> "Genghis Khan". North Georgia College and State University. Archived from the original on 6 March 2010. Retrieved 26 January 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/princess-lalla-aicha-women-srights-activist-and-first-female-arab-ambassador-2370954.html">"Princess Lalla Aicha: Women's-rights activist and first female Arab"</a>. The Independent. 14 October 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Princess+Lalla+Aicha%3A+Women%27s-rights+activist+and+first+female+Arab&rft.date=2011-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fprincess-lalla-aicha-women-srights-activist-and-first-female-arab-ambassador-2370954.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStoraEllyas1999" class="citation book cs1">Stora, Benjamin; Ellyas, Akram (1 January 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ateli.stora.1999.01">Les 100 portes du Maghreb</a>. Points d'appui. Éditions de l'Atelier (programme ReLIRE). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3917%2Fateli.stora.1999.01">10.3917/ateli.stora.1999.01</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7082-3434-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-7082-3434-5"><bdi>978-2-7082-3434-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+100+portes+du+Maghreb&rft.series=Points+d%27appui&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+de+l%27Atelier+%28programme+ReLIRE%29&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fateli.stora.1999.01&rft.isbn=978-2-7082-3434-5&rft.aulast=Stora&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.au=Ellyas%2C+Akram&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.3917%2Fateli.stora.1999.01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/myanmar-aung-san-resurrection-icon">"Myanmar and Aung San: The resurrection of an icon"</a>. www.lowyinstitute.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.lowyinstitute.org&rft.atitle=Myanmar+and+Aung+San%3A+The+resurrection+of+an+icon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lowyinstitute.org%2Fthe-interpreter%2Fmyanmar-aung-san-resurrection-icon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCloutman2016" class="citation news cs1">Cloutman, Violet (22 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insideasiatours.com/blog/profile-power-aung-san">"Profile in power: Aung San - InsideBurma Tours blog"</a>. 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Retrieved 16 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Government+Gazette&rft.atitle=Promulgation+of+Conferment+of+Status+of+Founding+Father+of+the+Namibian+Nation+Act%2C+2005+%28Act+No.+16+of+2005%29%2C+of+the+Parliament&rft.issue=3567&rft.date=2005-12-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.gov.na%2Fparlidocs%2FACT594.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.essentialvermeer.com/delft/delft_today/oude_and_nieuwe.html">"The Oude and Nieuwe Kerk in Delft"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131006192350/http://www.essentialvermeer.com/delft/delft_today/oude_and_nieuwe.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2013. Retrieved 13 October 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Oude+and+Nieuwe+Kerk+in+Delft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.essentialvermeer.com%2Fdelft%2Fdelft_today%2Foude_and_nieuwe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrtiz_Nuñez1953" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ortiz Nuñez, Ramiro (1953). Dirianghen: padre de la patria nicaragüense (in Spanish). Managua: Tipografía Brenes.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dirianghen%3A+padre+de+la+patria+nicarag%C3%BCense&rft.place=Managua&rft.pub=Tipograf%C3%ADa+Brenes&rft.date=1953&rft.aulast=Ortiz+Nu%C3%B1ez&rft.aufirst=Ramiro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBjørn_Talen1987" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bjørn Talen (9 May 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013134650/http://www.aftenposten.no/fakta/tusenarsskiftet/article561221.ece">"Gratulerer, kjære landsmann!"</a> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/Aftenposten" title="Aftenposten">Aftenposten</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aftenposten.no/fakta/tusenarsskiftet/article561221.ece">the original</a> on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 18 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gratulerer%2C+kj%C3%A6re+landsmann%21&rft.pub=Aftenposten&rft.date=1987-05-09&rft.au=Bj%C3%B8rn+Talen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aftenposten.no%2Ffakta%2Ftusenarsskiftet%2Farticle561221.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cfr.org/north-korea-power-structure">https://www.cfr.org/north-korea-power-structure</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thenews.jang.com.pk/updates.asp?id=54870">"Quaid's 60th death anniversary being marked today"</a>. The News International. 11 September 2008. Retrieved 9 November 2008. <q>Today the nation marks the 60th Death anniversary of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, known as Quaid-e-Azam, meaning "Great Leader" and Baba-e-Qaum meaning Father of the Nation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+International&rft.atitle=Quaid%27s+60th+death+anniversary+being+marked+today&rft.date=2008-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthenews.jang.com.pk%2Fupdates.asp%3Fid%3D54870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090503015545/http://quaid.gov.pk/index.htm">"Father of the Nation : Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah"</a>. Government of Pakistan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quaid.gov.pk/index.htm">the original</a> on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 9 November 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Father+of+the+Nation+%3A+Quaid-i-Azam+Muhammad+Ali+Jinnah&rft.pub=Government+of+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquaid.gov.pk%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2005/09/the-father-of-palestine/304226/">"The Father of Palestine"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Father+of+Palestine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2005%2F09%2Fthe-father-of-palestine%2F304226%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/26/sir-michael-somare-papua-new-guineas-father-of-the-nation-dies-aged-84">"Sir Michael Somare, Papua New Guinea's 'Father of the Nation', dies aged 84"</a>. the Guardian. 26 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226134404/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/26/sir-michael-somare-papua-new-guineas-father-of-the-nation-dies-aged-84">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Sir+Michael+Somare%2C+Papua+New+Guinea%27s+%27Father+of+the+Nation%27%2C+dies+aged+84&rft.date=2021-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2021%2Ffeb%2F26%2Fsir-michael-somare-papua-new-guineas-father-of-the-nation-dies-aged-84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEastRichard_Thomas2003" class="citation book cs1">East, Roger; Richard Thomas (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/profilesofpeople0001east/page/408">"Papua New Guinea"</a>. Profiles of People in Power. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/profilesofpeople0001east/page/408">408</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85743-126-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85743-126-X"><bdi>1-85743-126-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Papua+New+Guinea&rft.btitle=Profiles+of+People+in+Power&rft.pages=408&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-85743-126-X&rft.aulast=East&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.au=Richard+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprofilesofpeople0001east%2Fpage%2F408&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joserizal.com/">"Jose Rizal"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140429190455/http://www.joserizal.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jose+Rizal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.joserizal.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://niepodlegla.gov.pl/o-niepodleglej/roznymi-sciezkami-ku-niepodleglej-szli-ojcowie-polski-odrodzonej/">"Różnymi ścieżkami ku Niepodległej szli. Ojcowie Polski Odrodzonej"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230905183439/https://niepodlegla.gov.pl/o-niepodleglej/roznymi-sciezkami-ku-niepodleglej-szli-ojcowie-polski-odrodzonej/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2023. 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Retrieved 17 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Sir+John+Compton&rft.date=2007-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2F1562638%2FSir-John-Compton.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catholicsaints.info/saint-marinus/">"Saint Marinus"</a>. CatholicSaints.Info. 2 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170908002522/http://catholicsaints.info/saint-marinus/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CatholicSaints.Info&rft.atitle=Saint+Marinus&rft.date=2017-09-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcatholicsaints.info%2Fsaint-marinus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18781330.remembering-donald-dewar-glasgow-politician-became-father-nation/">"Remembering Donad Dewar: the Glasgow politician who became 'Father of the Nation'"</a>. Glasgow Times. 12 October 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221212092723/https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18781330.remembering-donald-dewar-glasgow-politician-became-father-nation/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Glasgow+Times&rft.atitle=Remembering+Donad+Dewar%3A+the+Glasgow+politician+who+became+%27Father+of+the+Nation%27&rft.date=2020-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.glasgowtimes.co.uk%2Fnews%2F18781330.remembering-donald-dewar-glasgow-politician-became-father-nation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5lIicTg8QMC">Britannica Book of the Year</a>. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Incorporated. 2001. p. 509. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85229-782-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85229-782-7"><bdi>978-0-85229-782-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britannica+Book+of+the+Year&rft.pages=509&rft.pub=Encyclopaedia+Britannica%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-85229-782-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY5lIicTg8QMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-glas-javnosti2000-74"><a href="#cite_ref-glas-javnosti2000_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZorica_Vulić2000" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zorica Vulić (11 May 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.rs/arhiva/2000/05/11/srpski/P00051027.shtm">"Ko je ovaj čovek?: Dobrica Ćosić"</a> (in Serbian). <a href="/wiki/Glas_javnosti" title="Glas javnosti">Glas javnosti</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327232011/http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.rs/arhiva/2000/05/11/srpski/P00051027.shtm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 25 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ko+je+ovaj+%C4%8Dovek%3F%3A+Dobrica+%C4%86osi%C4%87&rft.pub=Glas+javnosti&rft.date=2000-05-11&rft.au=Zorica+Vuli%C4%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farhiva.glas-javnosti.rs%2Farhiva%2F2000%2F05%2F11%2Fsrpski%2FP00051027.shtm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLukić,_Svetlana_Lukić_&_Svetlana_Vuković2007" class="citation web cs1">Lukić, Svetlana Lukić & Svetlana Vuković (16 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070327212553/http://www.b92.net/info/emisije/pescanik.php?yyyy=2007&mm=03&nav_id=237772">"Injekcija za Srbe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/B92" title="B92">B92</a>: Peščanik. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.b92.net/info/emisije/pescanik.php?yyyy=2007&mm=03&nav_id=237772">the original</a> on 27 March 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Injekcija+za+Srbe&rft.pub=B92%3A+Pe%C5%A1%C4%8Danik&rft.date=2007-03-16&rft.au=Luki%C4%87%2C+Svetlana+Luki%C4%87+%26+Svetlana+Vukovi%C4%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.b92.net%2Finfo%2Femisije%2Fpescanik.php%3Fyyyy%3D2007%26mm%3D03%26nav_id%3D237772&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelenić1923-76"><a href="#cite_ref-Jelenić1923_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurde_Jelenić1923" class="citation book cs1">Durde Jelenić (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=77QMAAAAIAAJ">Nova Srbija i Jugoslavija, 1788–1921</a>. p. 56. <q>ОТАЦ ОТАЏБИНЕ – КАРАЂОРЂЕ ПЕТРОВИЋ</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nova+Srbija+i+Jugoslavija%2C+1788%E2%80%931921&rft.pages=56&rft.date=1923&rft.au=Durde+Jeleni%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D77QMAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilivoj_J._Malenić1901" class="citation book cs1">Milivoj J. Malenić (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q-IwAQAAMAAJ">Posle četrdeset godina: u spomen proslave četrdesetogodišnjice Sv. Andrejske velike narodne skupštine</a>. U Drž. štamp. Kralj. Srbije. <q>да се на престо српски поврати њен ослободилац и оснивалац: Отац Отаџбине, Милош Обреновић Велики,</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Posle+%C4%8Detrdeset+godina%3A+u+spomen+proslave+%C4%8Detrdesetogodi%C5%A1njice+Sv.+Andrejske+velike+narodne+skup%C5%A1tine&rft.pub=U+Dr%C5%BE.+%C5%A1tamp.+Kralj.+Srbije&rft.date=1901&rft.au=Milivoj+J.+Maleni%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq-IwAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBranko_Pešić1988" class="citation book cs1">Branko Pešić (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6T7kAAAAMAAJ">Spomen hram Sv. Save na Vračaru u Beogradu: 1895–1988</a>. Sveti arhijerejski sinod Srpske pravoslavne crkve. <q>Отац Отаџбине Св. Сава је надахнуо Немањи- ну државу идеалима хришћанског патриотизма и створио слободну цркву у слободној држави. Држа- ва је Отечество – земља мојих ота- ца. Држава не сме да буде импери- ја, јер где ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spomen+hram+Sv.+Save+na+Vra%C4%8Daru+u+Beogradu%3A+1895%E2%80%931988&rft.pub=Sveti+arhijerejski+sinod+Srpske+pravoslavne+crkve&rft.date=1988&rft.au=Branko+Pe%C5%A1i%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6T7kAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-scr-79"><a href="#cite_ref-scr_79-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOmar2001" class="citation book cs1">Omar, Mohamed (2001). The Scramble in the Horn of Africa. p. 402. <q>This letter is sent by all the Dervishes, the Amir, and all the Dolbahanta to the Ruler of Berbera ... We are a Government, we have a Sultan, an Amir, and Chiefs, and subjects ... (reply) In his last letter the Mullah pretends to speak in the name of the Dervishes, their Amir (himself), and the Dolbahanta tribes. This letter shows his object is to establish himself as the Ruler of the Dolbahanta</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Scramble+in+the+Horn+of+Africa&rft.pages=402&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Omar&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/events/mandeladay/2010/observance2010.shtml">"Nelson Mandela International Day, July 18, For Freedom, Justice and Democracy"</a>. United Nations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170626123837/http://www.un.org/en/events/mandeladay/2010/observance2010.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 26 June 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nelson+Mandela+International+Day%2C+July+18%2C+For+Freedom%2C+Justice+and+Democracy&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fevents%2Fmandeladay%2F2010%2Fobservance2010.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhadnisRajat_Ganguly2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Urmila_Phadnis" title="Urmila Phadnis">Phadnis, Urmila</a>; Rajat Ganguly (2001). Ethnicity and Nation-building in South Asia (revised ed.). SAGE. p. 181. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7619-9439-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7619-9439-4"><bdi>0-7619-9439-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnicity+and+Nation-building+in+South+Asia&rft.pages=181&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=SAGE&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7619-9439-4&rft.aulast=Phadnis&rft.aufirst=Urmila&rft.au=Rajat+Ganguly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuval_Smith1999" class="citation news cs1">Duval Smith, Alex (20 October 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/tanzania-weeps-for-father-of-the-nation-739027.html">"Tanzania weeps for father of the nation"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090215140138/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/tanzania-weeps-for-father-of-the-nation-739027.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2009. Retrieved 8 November 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Tanzania+weeps+for+father+of+the+nation&rft.date=1999-10-20&rft.aulast=Duval+Smith&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Ftanzania-weeps-for-father-of-the-nation-739027.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-issuu.com-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-issuu.com_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-issuu.com_83-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-issuu.com_83-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/pariapublishing/docs/50th_independence_besson">"50th Anniversary of Independence of Trinidad and Tobago"</a>. 26 May 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220327195343/https://issuu.com/pariapublishing/docs/50th_independence_besson">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=50th+Anniversary+of+Independence+of+Trinidad+and+Tobago&rft.date=2013-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fissuu.com%2Fpariapublishing%2Fdocs%2F50th_independence_besson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ttparliament.org/members.php?mid=26&pid=23&id=EWI01">"Trinidad and Tobago Parliament"</a>. ttparliament.org. Retrieved 6 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ttparliament.org&rft.atitle=Trinidad+and+Tobago+Parliament&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fttparliament.org%2Fmembers.php%3Fmid%3D26%26pid%3D23%26id%3DEWI01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caribbeanlifenews.com/dr-eric-williams-the-father-of-the-nation/">"Dr. Eric Williams: The Father of the Nation"</a>. Caribbean Life News. 7 February 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518222808/https://www.caribbeanlifenews.com/dr-eric-williams-the-father-of-the-nation/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Caribbean+Life+News&rft.atitle=Dr.+Eric+Williams%3A+The+Father+of+the+Nation&rft.date=2018-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.caribbeanlifenews.com%2Fdr-eric-williams-the-father-of-the-nation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParlaAndrew_Davison2004" class="citation book cs1">Parla, Taha; Andrew Davison (2004). Corporatist Ideology in Kemalist Turkey: Progress Or Order?. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syracuse_arUniversity_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syracuse arUniversity Press (page does not exist)">Syracuse arUniversity Press</a>. pp. 37–8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8156-3054-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8156-3054-9"><bdi>0-8156-3054-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corporatist+Ideology+in+Kemalist+Turkey%3A+Progress+Or+Order%3F&rft.pages=37-8&rft.pub=Syracuse+arUniversity+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-8156-3054-9&rft.aulast=Parla&rft.aufirst=Taha&rft.au=Andrew+Davison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607065303/http://www.ameinfo.com/166663.html">"Abu Dhabi's Zayed Mosque tours to take on special Ramadan significance"</a> (Press release). 20 August 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ameinfo.com/166663.html">the original</a> on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2009. <q>His Highness Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the late UAE President and Ruler of Abu Dhabi, a man affectionately known as 'The Father of The Nation' for his work as an architect of the UAE Federation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abu+Dhabi%27s+Zayed+Mosque+tours+to+take+on+special+Ramadan+significance&rft.date=2008-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ameinfo.com%2F166663.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler2004" class="citation news cs1">Wheeler, Julia (2 November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3975849.stm">"Obituary: Sheikh Zayed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070716124629/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3975849.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2007. Retrieved 17 January 2009. <q>He was frequently referred to as the father of the nation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Sheikh+Zayed&rft.date=2004-11-02&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fmiddle_east%2F3975849.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_founding_fathers.html">"America's Founding Fathers"</a>. National Archives. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160416102739/https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_founding_fathers.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=America%27s+Founding+Fathers&rft.pub=National+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Fexhibits%2Fcharters%2Fconstitution_founding_fathers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> Stanfield, Jack. America's Founding Fathers: Who Are They? Thumbnail Sketches of 164 Patriots (Universal-Publishers, 2001). </li> <li id="cite_note-Grizzard105-91">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grizzard105_91-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grizzard105_91-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGrizzard2002">Grizzard (2002</a>, pp. 105–107) </li> <li id="cite_note-independent.co.uk-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-independent.co.uk_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent.co.uk_92-1">b</a> Rupert Cornwell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/presidents/george-washington-the-father-of-the-nation-1391109.html">"George Washington: The father of the nation" (17 January 2009).</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010154312/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/presidents/george-washington-the-father-of-the-nation-1391109.html">Archived</a> 10 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090619131416/http://www.me.gov.ar/efeme/index.html?mes=6&dia=19">"Efemérides Culturales Argentinas: Junio 19"</a> (in Spanish). Ministry of Education, Argentina. 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.me.gov.ar/efeme/index.html?mes=6&dia=19">the original</a> on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2009. <q>1764: Nace en Montevideo (Uruguay) José Gervasio Artigas, iniciador rioplatense del federalismo y padre de la independencia uruguaya. Falleció cerca de Asunción el 23 de septiembre de 1850.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Efem%C3%A9rides+Culturales+Argentinas%3A+Junio+19&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Education%2C+Argentina&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.me.gov.ar%2Fefeme%2Findex.html%3Fmes%3D6%26dia%3D19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdelmann1965" class="citation book cs1">Edelmann, Alexander Taylor (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/latinamericangov0000edel">Latin American Government and Politics: The Dynamics of a Revolutionary Society</a>. Dorsey Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/latinamericangov0000edel/page/309">309</a>. <q>José Gervasio Artigas, who doggedly led his guerrilla bands against the Spanish armies and raised the flag of a free Uruguay, is affectionately remembered by his fellow countrymen as "the father of Uruguayan independence.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Latin+American+Government+and+Politics%3A+The+Dynamics+of+a+Revolutionary+Society&rft.pages=309&rft.pub=Dorsey+Press&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Edelmann&rft.aufirst=Alexander+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flatinamericangov0000edel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2021" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Phillips, Ioan (20 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bywgraffiadur.cymru/article/c12-MORG-RHO-1939">"Morgan, Hywel Rhodri (1939-2017), gwleidydd"</a> [Morgan, Hywel Rhodri (1939-2017), politician]. Y Bywngraffiadur [Dictionary of Welsh Biography] (in Welsh). Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Y+Bywngraffiadur+%5BDictionary+of+Welsh+Biography%5D&rft.atitle=Morgan%2C+Hywel+Rhodri+%281939-2017%29%2C+gwleidydd&rft.date=2021-07-20&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Ioan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbywgraffiadur.cymru%2Farticle%2Fc12-MORG-RHO-1939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBory2018" class="citation journal cs1">Bory, Stéphanie (1 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.openedition.org/osb/2003">"From Rhodri Morgan to Carwyn Jones, two different styles of leadership"</a>. Observatoire de la société britannique (20): 117–132. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fosb.2003">10.4000/osb.2003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1775-4135">1775-4135</a>. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Observatoire+de+la+soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+britannique&rft.atitle=From+Rhodri+Morgan+to+Carwyn+Jones%2C+two+different+styles+of+leadership&rft.issue=20&rft.pages=117-132&rft.date=2018-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fosb.2003&rft.issn=1775-4135&rft.aulast=Bory&rft.aufirst=St%C3%A9phanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Fosb%2F2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurst2010" class="citation book cs1">Hurst, Greg (2010). "The old era: Welsh coalition complications". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RLphWa7ViogC">The Times Guide to the House of Commons, 2010</a>. Times Newspapers Limited. p. 62. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-007-35158-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-007-35158-9"><bdi>978-0-007-35158-9</bdi></a>. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+old+era%3A+Welsh+coalition+complications&rft.btitle=The+Times+Guide+to+the+House+of+Commons%2C+2010&rft.pages=62&rft.pub=Times+Newspapers+Limited&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-007-35158-9&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRLphWa7ViogC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2021" class="citation journal cs1">Phillips, Ioan (20 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biography.wales/article/s12-MORG-RHO-1939">"Morgan, Hywel Rhodri (1939-2017), politician"</a>. Dictionary of Welsh Biography. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dictionary+of+Welsh+Biography&rft.atitle=Morgan%2C+Hywel+Rhodri+%281939-2017%29%2C+politician&rft.date=2021-07-20&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Ioan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiography.wales%2Farticle%2Fs12-MORG-RHO-1939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrizzard2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frank_E._Grizzard,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Frank E. Grizzard, Jr.">Grizzard, Frank E. Jr.</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RioTGCygpT8C">George Washington: A Biographical Companion</a>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-082-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-082-6"><bdi>978-1-57607-082-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=George+Washington%3A+A+Biographical+Companion&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-082-6&rft.aulast=Grizzard&rft.aufirst=Frank+E.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRioTGCygpT8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFather+of+the+Nation" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also_2">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_as_a_model_for_the_state" title="Family as a model for the state">Family as a model for the state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathers_of_Confederation" title="Fathers of Confederation">Fathers of Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_fathers_of_the_European_Union" title="Founding fathers of the European Union">Founding fathers of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_founders" title="List of national founders">List of national founders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pater_Patriae" title="Pater Patriae">Pater Patriae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_title" title="Victory title">Victory title</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_founders_of_English_schools_and_colleges" title="List of founders of English schools and colleges">English schools and colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions" title="List of founders of religious traditions">Religious traditions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_entrepreneurs" title="List of entrepreneurs">Entrepreneurs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_named_after_people" title="List of companies named after people">Eponymous corporations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_company_founders" title="List of women company founders">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_entrepreneurs" title="List of Internet entrepreneurs">Internet-based</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_entrepreneurs" title="List of social entrepreneurs">Social</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationality</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_entrepreneurs" title="List of Brazilian entrepreneurs">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_entrepreneurs" title="List of Indian entrepreneurs">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesians#Business_and_economics" title="List of Indonesians">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_entrepreneurs" title="List of Japanese entrepreneurs">Japan</a></li> <li><a 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