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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pitch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Pitch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pitch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Stress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Height" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Height"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Height</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Height-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disambiguation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disambiguation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Disambiguation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disambiguation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Length" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Length"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Length</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Length-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Tone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>English</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Unicode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Typing_the_character" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typing_the_character"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Typing the character</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typing_the_character-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grave accent</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis" title="Gravis – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gravis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis_(Typografie)" title="Gravis (Typografie) – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gravis (Typografie)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acentu_grave" title="Acentu grave – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Acentu grave" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81" title="Гравіс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гравіс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Гравис – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гравис" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tired_boud" title="Tired boud – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tired boud" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accent_greu" title="Accent greu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Accent greu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis" title="Gravis – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gravis" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis_(Typografie)" title="Gravis (Typografie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gravis (Typografie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graavis" title="Graavis – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Graavis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βαρεία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βαρεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento_grave" title="Acento grave – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Acento grave" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldekstra_korno" title="Maldekstra korno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Maldekstra korno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88" title="اکسان گراو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اکسان گراو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accent_grave" title="Accent grave – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Accent grave" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klamteken" title="Klamteken – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Klamteken" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Str%C3%A0c_throm" title="Stràc throm – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Stràc throm" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento_grave" title="Acento grave – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Acento grave" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B5%EC%9D%8C_%EB%B6%80%ED%98%B8" title="억음 부호 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="억음 부호" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksen_nontirus" title="Aksen nontirus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aksen nontirus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accento_grave" title="Accento grave – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Accento grave" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%99" title="סימן הטעמה משני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סימן הטעמה משני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aks%C3%A8n_graf" title="Aksèn graf – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Aksèn graf" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puntuk_a_manene" title="Puntuk a manene – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Puntuk a manene" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="გრავისი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრავისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis" title="Gravis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gravis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis" title="Gravis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gravis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendro_miraika_havia" title="Tendro miraika havia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tendro miraika havia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accent_grave" title="Accent grave – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Accent grave" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B4%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="グレイヴ・アクセント – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グレイヴ・アクセント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis" title="Gravis – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gravis" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grav_aksent" title="Grav aksent – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Grav aksent" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accent_gr%C3%A8u" title="Accent grèu – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Accent grèu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grawis" title="Grawis – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grawis" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento_grave" title="Acento grave – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Acento grave" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accent_grav" title="Accent grav – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Accent grav" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Гравис – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гравис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accent" title="Grave accent – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Grave accent" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accent" title="Grave accent – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Grave accent" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravis" title="Gravis – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gravis" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="เกรฟแอกเซนต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกรฟแอกเซนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80" title="Фурудгоҳи витокр – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фурудгоҳи витокр" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grav_aksan" title="Grav aksan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grav aksan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81_(%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA)" title="Гравіс (діакритичний знак) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гравіс (діакритичний знак)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asento_grave" title="Asento grave – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Asento grave" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Grave_accent" title="Special:EditPage/Grave accent">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Grave+accent%22">"Grave accent"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Grave+accent%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Grave+accent%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Grave+accent%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Grave+accent%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Grave+accent%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="max-width:18em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ebebeb; font-size:750%; line-height:1.2; font-weight:bold; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times, 'Nimbus Roman No9 L', 'Liberation Serif', serif, georgia;">◌̀</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="font-size:125%; background:#ebebeb; font-weight:bold; padding:0.1em; line-height:1.2em;">Grave accent</div></th></tr><tr style="float:left;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">U+0300</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌̀</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT</span> (diacritic)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">See also</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0060</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">`</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;"><a href="/wiki/Backtick" title="Backtick">GRAVE ACCENT</a></span> ('backtick' symbol)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+02CB</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ˋ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MODIFIER LETTER GRAVE ACCENT</span> (diacritic)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This page uses notation for orthographic or other linguistic analysis.</b> For the meaning of how <span class="nowrap"><code>⟨ ⟩</code>, <code>| |</code>,</span> <span class="nowrap"><code>/ /</code>, and <code>[ ]</code></span> <span class="nowrap">are used here,</span> see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">this page</a>.</div></div> </div> <p>The <b>grave accent</b> (<b><span style="font-family: serif"><span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">◌̀</span></span></b>) (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">GRAYV</span></i></a><sup id="cite_ref-AHD_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OxfordDictionaries_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OxfordDictionaries-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">GRAHV</span></i></a><sup id="cite_ref-AHD_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OxfordDictionaries_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OxfordDictionaries-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a <a href="/wiki/Diacritical" class="mw-redirect" title="Diacritical">diacritical</a> mark used to varying degrees in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a> and many other western European languages as well as for a few unusual uses in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. It is also used in other languages using the Latin alphabet, such as <a href="/wiki/Mohawk_language" title="Mohawk language">Mohawk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a>, and with non-Latin writing systems such as the <a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a> alphabets and the <a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a> or Zhuyin Fuhao <a href="/wiki/Semi-syllabary" title="Semi-syllabary">semi-syllabary</a>. It has no single meaning, but can indicate pitch, stress, or other features. </p><p>For the most commonly encountered uses of the accent in the Latin and Greek alphabets, <a href="/wiki/Precomposed_character" title="Precomposed character">precomposed characters</a> are available. For less-used and compound diacritics, a <a href="/wiki/Combining_character" title="Combining character">combining character</a> facility is available. A free-standing version of the symbol (<span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">`</span>), commonly called a <a href="/wiki/Backtick" title="Backtick">backtick</a>, also exists and has acquired other uses. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pitch">Pitch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pitch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_accent" title="Ancient Greek accent">Ancient Greek accent</a></div> <p>The grave accent first appeared in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_diacritics" title="Greek diacritics">polytonic orthography</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> to mark a lower <a href="/wiki/Pitch_accent" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitch accent">pitch</a> than the high pitch of the <a href="/wiki/Acute_accent" title="Acute accent">acute accent</a>. In modern practice, it replaces an acute accent in the last syllable of a word when that word is followed immediately by another word. The grave and <a href="/wiki/Circumflex" title="Circumflex">circumflex</a> have been replaced with an acute accent in the modern monotonic orthography. </p><p>The accent mark was called <span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B5%E1%BF%96%CE%B1#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:βαρεῖα">βαρεῖα</a></span>, the feminine form of the adjective <span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%8D%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:βαρύς">βαρύς</a></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>barús</i></span>), meaning 'heavy' or 'low in pitch'. This was <a href="/wiki/Calque" title="Calque">calqued</a> (loan-translated) into <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> as <i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravis#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:gravis">gravis</a></i> which then became the English word <i>grave</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stress">Stress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Stress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The grave accent marks the <a href="/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)" title="Stress (linguistics)">stressed vowels</a> of words in <a href="/wiki/Maltese_language" title="Maltese language">Maltese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>. </p><p>A general rule in <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> is that words that end with stressed <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">-a</i></span>, <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">-i</i></span>, or <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">-u</i></span> must be marked with a grave accent. Words that end with stressed <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">-e</i></span> or <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">-o</i></span> may bear either an <a href="/wiki/Acute_accent" title="Acute accent">acute accent</a> or a grave accent, depending on whether the final <i>e</i> or <i>o</i> sound is <a href="/wiki/Close_vowel" title="Close vowel">closed</a> or <a href="/wiki/Open_vowel" title="Open vowel">open</a>, respectively. Some examples of words with a final grave accent are <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">città</i></span> ('city'), <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">così</i></span> ('so/then/thus'), <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">più</i></span> ('more, plus'), <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Mosè</i></span> ('Moses'), and <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">portò</i></span> ('[he/she/it] brought/carried'). Typists who use a keyboard without accented characters and are unfamiliar with <a href="/wiki/Input_methods" class="mw-redirect" title="Input methods">input methods</a> for typing accented letters sometimes use a separate grave accent or even an <a href="/wiki/Apostrophe" title="Apostrophe">apostrophe</a> instead of the proper accent character. This is nonstandard but is especially common when typing capital letters: *<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">E`</i></span> or *<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">E'</i></span> instead of <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">È</i></span> ('[he/she/it] is'). Other mistakes arise from the misunderstanding of <a href="/wiki/Apocope" title="Apocope">truncated</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elision" title="Elision">elided</a> words: the phrase <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">un po'</i></span> ('a little'), which is the truncated version of <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">un poco</i></span>, may be mistakenly spelled as *<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">un pò</i></span>. Italian has word pairs where one has an accent marked and the other not, with different pronunciation and meaning—such as <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">pero</i></span> ('pear tree') and <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">però</i></span> ('but'), and <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Papa</i></span> ('Pope') and <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">papà</i></span> ('dad'); the latter example is also valid for <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>, the grave accent sometimes appears on the vowels <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">а</span></span>, <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">о</span></span>, <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">у</span></span>, <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">е</span></span>, <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">и</span></span>, and <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">ъ</span></span> to mark stress. It most commonly appears in books for children or foreigners, and dictionaries—or to distinguish between near-<a href="/wiki/Homophone" title="Homophone">homophones</a>: <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">па̀ра</span></span> (<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><i lang="bg-Latn">pàra</i></span> 'steam, vapour') and <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">пара̀</span></span> (<span title="Bulgarian-language romanization"><i lang="bg-Latn">parà</i></span>, 'cent, penny, money'), <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">въ̀лна</span></span> (<span title="Bulgarian-language romanization"><i lang="bg-Latn">vằlna</i></span> 'wool') and <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">вълна̀</span></span> (<span title="Bulgarian-language romanization"><i lang="bg-Latn">vǎlnà</i></span> 'wave'). While the stress is not marked most of the time a notable exception is the single-vowel word <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">и</span></span>: without an accent it denotes the 'and' conjunction (<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">рокля и пола</span></span> = 'dress and skirt') while stressed shows the possessive pronoun 'her' (<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">роклята ѝ</span></span> = 'her dress'). Hence the rule to always mark the stress in this isolated case.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>, the stress mark is orthographically required to distinguish <a href="/wiki/Homograph" title="Homograph">homographs</a> (see <a href="#Disambiguation">§ Disambiguation</a>) and is put mostly on the vowels е and и. Then, it forces the stress on the accented word-syllable instead of having a different syllable in the stress group getting accented. In turn, it changes the pronunciation and the whole meaning of the group. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusyn_language" title="Rusyn language">Rusyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> used a similar system until the first half of the 20th century. Now the main stress is preferably marked with an acute, and the role of the grave is limited to marking secondary stress in compound words (in dictionaries and linguistic literature). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>, the stressed syllable can be short or long and have a rising or falling tone. They use (in dictionaries, orthography, and grammar books, for example) four different stress marks (grave, acute, <a href="/wiki/Double_grave_accent" title="Double grave accent">double grave</a>, and inverted breve) on the letters a, e, i, o, r, and u: <i>à è ì ò r̀ ù</i>. The system is identical in both Latin and Cyrillic scripts. Unicode forgot to encode R-grave when encoding the letters with stress marks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In modern <a href="/wiki/Church_Slavonic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Slavonic language">Church Slavonic</a>, there are three stress marks (acute, grave, and circumflex), which formerly represented different types of pitch accent. There is no longer any phonetic distinction between them, only an orthographical one. The grave is typically used when the stressed vowel is the last letter of a multiletter word. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_(Romance_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ligurian (Romance language)">Ligurian</a>, the grave accent marks the accented short vowel of a word in <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">à</i></span> (sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[a]</span>), <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">è</i></span> (sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ]</span>), <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">ì</i></span> (sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[i]</span>) and <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">ù</i></span> (sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[y]</span>). For <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">ò</i></span>, it indicates the short sound of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[o]</span>, but may not be the stressed vowel of the word.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Height">Height</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Height"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The grave accent marks the <a href="/wiki/Vowel_height" class="mw-redirect" title="Vowel height">height or openness</a> of the vowels <i>e</i> and <i>o</i>, indicating that they are pronounced <a href="/wiki/Open-mid_vowel" title="Open-mid vowel">open</a>: <i>è</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ]</span> (as opposed to <i>é</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[e]</span>); <i>ò</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ]</span> (as opposed to <i>ó</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[o]</span>), in several <a href="/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance languages</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a> uses the accent on three letters (<span title="Catalan-language text"><i lang="ca">a</i></span>, <span title="Catalan-language text"><i lang="ca">e</i></span>, and <span title="Catalan-language text"><i lang="ca">o</i></span>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_orthography" title="French orthography">French orthography</a> uses the accent on three letters (<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">a</i></span>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">e</i></span>, and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">u</i></span>). <ul><li>The <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">ù</i></span> is used in only one word, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/o%C3%B9#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:où">où</a></i></span> ('where'), to distinguish it from its homophone <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ou#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:ou">ou</a></i></span> ('or').</li> <li>The <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">à</i></span> is used in only a small <a href="/wiki/Closed_class" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed class">closed class</a> of words, including <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A0#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:à">à</a></i></span>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/l%C3%A0#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:là">là</a></i></span>, and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A7%C3%A0#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:çà">çà</a></i></span> (homophones of <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/a#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:a">a</a></i></span>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/la#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:la">la</a></i></span>, and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A7a#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:ça">ça</a></i></span>, respectively), and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/d%C3%A9j%C3%A0" class="extiw" title="wikt:déjà">déjà</a></i></span>.</li> <li>The <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">è</i></span> is used more broadly to represent the vowel <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ε/</span>, in positions where a plain <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">e</i></span> would be pronounced as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ə/</span> (<a href="/wiki/Schwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Schwa">schwa</a>). Many verb conjugations contain regular alternations between <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">è</i></span> and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">e</i></span>; for example, the accent mark in the present tense verb <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">l<b>è</b>ve</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[l<b>ε</b>v]</span> distinguishes the vowel's pronunciation from the <a href="/wiki/Schwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Schwa">schwa</a> in the infinitive, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">l<b>e</b>ver</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[l<b>ə</b>ve]</span>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligurian_(Romance_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ligurian (Romance language)">Ligurian</a> also uses the grave accent to distinguish the sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[o]</span>, written <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">ò</i></span>, from the sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[u]</span>, written <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">ó</i></span> or <span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">o</i></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disambiguation">Disambiguation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Disambiguation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In several languages, the grave accent distinguishes both <a href="/wiki/Homophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Homophones">homophones</a> and words that otherwise would be <a href="/wiki/Homograph" title="Homograph">homographs</a>: </p> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>, it distinguishes the conjunction <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">и</span></span> ('and') from the short-form feminine possessive pronoun <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">ѝ</span></span>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a>, it distinguishes homophone words such as <span title="Catalan-language text"><i lang="ca">ma</i></span> ('my (f)') and <span title="Catalan-language text"><i lang="ca">mà</i></span> ('hand').</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, the grave accent on the letters <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">a</i></span> and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">u</i></span> has no effect on pronunciation and just distinguishes homonyms otherwise spelled the same, for example the preposition <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">à</i></span> ('to/belonging to/towards') from the verb <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">a</i></span> ('[he/she/it] has') as well as the adverb <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">là</i></span> ('there') and the feminine <a href="/wiki/Definite_article" class="mw-redirect" title="Definite article">definite article</a> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">la</i></span>; it is also used in the words <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">déjà</i></span> ('already'), <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">deçà</i></span> (preceded by <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">en</i></span> or <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">au</i></span>, and meaning 'closer than, inferior to (a given value)'), the phrase <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">çà et là</i></span> ('hither and thither'; without the accents, it would literally mean 'it and the') and its functional synonym <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">deçà, delà</i></span>. It is used on the letter <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">u</i></span> only to distinguish <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">où</i></span> ('where') and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">ou</i></span> ('or'). <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">È</i></span> is rarely used to distinguish homonyms except in <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">dès</i></span>/<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">des</i></span> ('since/some'), <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">ès</i></span>/<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">es</i></span> ('in/[thou] art'), and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">lès</i></span>/<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">les</i></span> ('near/the').</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, it distinguishes, for example, the feminine article <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">la</i></span> from the adverb <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">là</i></span> ('there').</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a> (both <a href="/wiki/Bokm%C3%A5l" title="Bokmål">Bokmål</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nynorsk" title="Nynorsk">Nynorsk</a>), the grave accent separates words that would otherwise be identical: <span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no">og</i></span> 'and' and <span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no">òg</i></span> 'too'. Popular usage, possibly because Norwegian rarely uses diacritics, often leads to a grave accent in place of an <a href="/wiki/Acute_accent" title="Acute accent">acute accent</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Romansh_language" title="Romansh language">Romansh</a>, it distinguishes (in the <span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">Rumantsch Grischun</i></span> standard) <span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">e</i></span> ('and') from the verb form <span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">è</i></span> ('he/she/it is') and <span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">en</i></span> ('in') from <span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">èn</i></span> ('they are'). It also marks distinctions of stress (<span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">gia</i></span> 'already' vs. <span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">gìa</i></span> 'violin') and of vowel quality (<span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">letg</i></span> 'bed' vs. <span title="Romansh-language text"><i lang="rm">lètg</i></span> 'marriage').</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Length">Length</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Length"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>, the accent denotes a <a href="/wiki/Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">short vowel</a> sound in a word that would otherwise be pronounced with a long vowel sound: <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">mẁg</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[mʊɡ]</a></span> 'mug' versus <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">mwg</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[muːɡ]</a></span> 'smoke'. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a>, it denotes a long vowel, such as <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cùis</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[kʰuːʃ]</a></span> ('subject'), compared with <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cuir</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[kʰuɾʲ]</a></span> ('put'). The use of acute accents to denote the rarer close long vowels, leaving the grave accents for the open long ones, is seen in <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_orthography#Defunct_combinations" title="Scottish Gaelic orthography">older texts</a>, but it is no longer allowed according to the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_orthography" title="Scottish Gaelic orthography">new orthographic conventions</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tone">Tone</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some <a href="/wiki/Tonal_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonal language">tonal languages</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Mandarin Chinese</a> (when it is written in <a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Zhuyin Fuhao</a>), the grave accent indicates a falling <a href="/wiki/Tone_(linguistics)" title="Tone (linguistics)">tone</a>. The alternative to the grave accent in Mandarin is the numeral 4 after the syllable: pà = pa4. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/African_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="African languages">African languages</a> and in <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a>, the grave accent often indicates a low tone: <a href="/wiki/Nobiin_language" title="Nobiin language">Nobiin</a> <span title="Nobiin-language text"><i lang="fia">jàkkàr</i></span> ('fishhook'), <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a> <span title="Yoruba-language text"><i lang="yo">àgbọ̀n</i></span> ('chin'), <a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a> <span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">màcè</i></span> ('woman'). </p><p>The grave accent represents the low tone in <a href="/wiki/Mohawk_language" title="Mohawk language">Kanien'kéha</a> or Mohawk.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Emilian_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilian dialects">Emilian</a>, a grave accent placed over <i>e</i> or <i>o</i> denotes both length and openness; <i>è</i> and <i>ò</i> represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛː]</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔː]</span>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</a>, the grave accent is not placed over another character but is sometimes encountered as a typographically easier substitute for the <a href="/wiki/%CA%BBokina" class="mw-redirect" title="ʻokina">ʻokina</a>: <i>Hawai`i</i> instead of <i>Hawaiʻi</i>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Philippine_languages" title="Philippine languages">Philippine languages</a>, the grave accent (<i>paiwà</i>) is used to represent a <a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">glottal stop</a> in the last vowel of the word with the stress occurring in the first or middle syllable such as in <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a> <span title="Tagalog-language text"><i lang="tl">batà</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈbataʔ]</span> ('child'). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>, the grave accent indicates the contraction of two consecutive vowels in adjacent words (<a href="/wiki/Crasis" title="Crasis">crasis</a>). For example, instead of <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">a aquela hora</i></span> ('at that hour'), one says and writes <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">àquela hora</i></span>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Romagnol" title="Romagnol">Romagnol</a>, a grave accent placed over <i>e</i> or <i>o</i> denotes both length and openness, representing <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ]</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English">English</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The grave accent, though rare in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> words, sometimes appears in poetry and song lyrics to indicate that a usually silent vowel is pronounced to fit the rhythm or meter. Most often, it is applied to a word that ends with -ed. For instance, the word <i>looked</i> is usually pronounced <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>/</a></span></span> as a single syllable, with the <i>e</i> silent; when written as <i>lookèd</i>, the <i>e</i> is pronounced: <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span></span> <i>look-ed</i>). In this capacity, it can also distinguish certain pairs of identically spelled words like the <a href="/wiki/Past_tense" title="Past tense">past tense</a> of learn, <i>learned</i> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɜːr/: 'ur' in 'fur'">ɜːr</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span></span>, from the <a href="/wiki/Adjective" title="Adjective">adjective</a> <i>learnèd</i> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɜːr/: 'ur' in 'fur'">ɜːr</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span></span> (for example, "a very learnèd man"). </p><p>A grave accent can also occur in a foreign (usually French) term which has not been <a href="/wiki/Anglicisation" title="Anglicisation">anglicised</a>: for example, <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vis-%C3%A0-vis" class="extiw" title="wikt:vis-à-vis">vis-à-vis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_de_r%C3%A9sistance" title="Pièce de résistance">pièce de résistance</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A8me_br%C3%BBl%C3%A9e" title="Crème brûlée">crème brûlée</a></i>. It also may occur in an English name, often as an affectation, as for example in the case of <a href="/wiki/Albert_Ket%C3%A8lbey" title="Albert Ketèlbey">Albert Ketèlbey</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode <span class="anchor" id="Letters_with_grave"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Unicode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> encodes a number of cases of "letter with grave" as <a href="/wiki/Precomposed_character" title="Precomposed character">precomposed characters</a> and these are displayed below. In addition, many more symbols may be composed using the <a href="/wiki/Combining_character" title="Combining character">combining character</a> facility (<span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0300</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌̀</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;"><a href="/wiki/Combining_character" title="Combining character">COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT</a></span> and <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0316</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌̖</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;"><a href="/wiki/Combining_character" title="Combining character">COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW</a></span>) that may be used with any letter or other diacritic to create a customised symbol but this does not mean that the result has any real-world application and thus are not shown in the table. </p> <div class="nounderlines" style="font-size:160%; padding:.3em; background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #fafafa); clear:both; color:var(--color-base, black);"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Grave <big><span style="font-family: serif">◌̀</span></big><span class="nowrap">   </span><br /><b>Latin</b>:<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%80" title="À">À à</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="Ầ">Ầ ầ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BA%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Ằ">Ằ ằ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%88" title="È">È è</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ề">Ề ề</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%94" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḕ">Ḕ ḕ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8C" title="Ì">Ì ì</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C7%B8" title="Ǹ">Ǹ ǹ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%92" title="Ò">Ò ò</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="Ờ">Ờ ờ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%92" class="mw-redirect" title="Ồ">Ồ ồ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%B9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="Ṑ">Ṑ ṑ</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/%C6%86%CC%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɔ̀">ɔ̀</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/S%CC%80" title="S̀">S̀ s̀</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Ù">Ù ù</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C7%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="Ǜ">Ǜ ǜ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ừ">Ừ ừ</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/%C9%85%CC%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ʌ̀">ʌ̀</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BA%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ẁ">Ẁ ẁ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Ỳ">Ỳ ỳ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Z%CC%80" title="Z̀">Z̀ z̀</a> <br /><b>Greek</b>:<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/%E1%BE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ὰ">Ὰ ὰ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BF%88" class="mw-redirect" title="Ὲ">Ὲ ὲ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BF%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ὴ">Ὴ ὴ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BF%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ὶ">Ὶ ὶ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BF%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Ὸ">Ὸ ὸ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BF%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ὺ">Ὺ ὺ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ὼ">Ὼ ὼ</a> <br /><b>Cyrillic</b>:<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/%D0%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ѐ">Ѐ ѐ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Ѝ">Ѝ ѝ</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Typing_the_character">Typing the character</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Typing the character"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="computer"></span> </p><p>On <a href="/wiki/British_and_American_keyboards" title="British and American keyboards">British and American keyboards</a>, the grave accent is a key by itself. This is primarily used to actually type the <a href="/wiki/Backtick" title="Backtick">stand-alone character</a>, though some layouts (such as <a href="/wiki/QWERTY#US-International" title="QWERTY">US International</a> or <a href="/wiki/QWERTY#United_Kingdom_(Extended)_Layout" title="QWERTY">UK extended</a>) may use it as a <a href="/wiki/Dead_key" title="Dead key">dead key</a> to modify the following letter. (With these layouts, to get a character such as <code>à</code>, the user can type <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249182868">.mw-parser-output .keyboard-key{border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:0.2em;box-shadow:0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,0.1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0),var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa),var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0));color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0.1em 0.3em;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.85em}</style><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">`</kbd> and then the vowel. For example, to make <code>à</code>, the user can type <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">`</kbd> and then <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">a</kbd>.) In territories where the diacritic is used routinely, the <a href="/wiki/Precomposed_character" title="Precomposed character">precomposed characters</a> are provided as standard on national keyboards. </p><p>On a Mac, to get a character such as <code>à</code>, the user can type <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⌥ Option</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">`</kbd> and then the vowel. For example, to make <code>à</code>, the user can type <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⌥ Option</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">`</kbd> and then <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">a</kbd>, and to make <code>À</code>, the user can type <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⌥ Option</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">`</kbd> and then <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">a</kbd>. In <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and most <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> keyboards, combined characters with the grave accent are accessed by holding a finger on the vowel, which opens a menu for accents. For example, to make <code>à</code>, the user can tap and hold <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">a</kbd> and then tap or slide to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">à</kbd>. Mac versions of <a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mountain_Lion" title="OS X Mountain Lion">OS X Mountain Lion</a> (10.8) or newer share similar functionality to iOS; by pressing and holding a vowel key to open an accent menu, the user may click on the grave accented character or type the corresponding number key displayed. </p><p>On a system running the <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a>, to get a character such as <code>à</code>, the user should press <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Compose</kbd> followed by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">`</kbd>, then the vowel. The <a href="/wiki/Compose_key" title="Compose key">compose key</a> on modern keyboards is usually mapped to a <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⊞ Win</kbd> key or <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt Gr</kbd>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AHD-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AHD_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHD_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHoughton_Mifflin_Harcourt" class="citation cs2">Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ahdictionary.com/"><i>The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i></a>, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925104737/https://ahdictionary.com/">archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.au=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fahdictionary.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrave+accent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OxfordDictionaries-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OxfordDictionaries_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OxfordDictionaries_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOxford_Dictionaries" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/OxfordDictionaries.com" class="mw-redirect" title="OxfordDictionaries.com">Oxford Dictionaries</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010516042450/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/"><i>Oxford Dictionaries Online</i></a>, Oxford University Press, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/">the original</a> on 16 May 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionaries+Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.au=Oxford+Dictionaries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrave+accent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ComposeKey">"Compose Key"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu (operating system)">Ubuntu</a> Community Documentation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110313093251/https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ComposeKey">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Compose+Key&rft.pub=Ubuntu+Community+Documentation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelp.ubuntu.com%2Fcommunity%2FComposeKey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrave+accent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A0" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:à"><i>à</i></a> at Wiktionary</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A8" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:è"><i>è</i></a> at Wiktionary</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Diacritics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">Diacritics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In Latin, Cyrillic and Greek</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌́ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̋ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Acute_accent" title="Acute accent">acute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Double_acute_accent" title="Double acute accent">double acute</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌᷄ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_apex" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese apex">apex</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̆ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̑ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Breve" title="Breve">breve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inverted_breve" title="Inverted breve">inverted breve</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̌ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Caron" title="Caron">caron, háček</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̧ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Cedilla" title="Cedilla">cedilla</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̂ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Circumflex" title="Circumflex">circumflex</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̈ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Diaeresis_(diacritic)" title="Diaeresis (diacritic)">diaeresis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umlaut_(diacritic)" title="Umlaut (diacritic)">umlaut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Two_dots_(diacritic)" title="Two dots (diacritic)">other</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̇ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̣ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dot_(diacritic)" title="Dot (diacritic)">dot</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̀ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̏ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">grave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Double_grave_accent" title="Double grave accent">double grave</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̉ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Hook_above" title="Hook above">hook above</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̡ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̢ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Palatal_hook" title="Palatal hook">palatal hook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Retroflex_consonant#Transcription" title="Retroflex consonant">retroflex hook</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̛ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Horn_(diacritic)" title="Horn (diacritic)">horn</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌ͅ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Iota_subscript" title="Iota subscript">iota subscript</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̄ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">macron</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̨ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Ogonek" title="Ogonek">ogonek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nosin%C4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="Nosinė">nosinė</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̊ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̥ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Ring_(diacritic)#Overring" title="Ring (diacritic)">overring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ring_(diacritic)#Underring" title="Ring (diacritic)">underring</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌͂ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_diacritics" title="Greek diacritics">perispomene</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌͗ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Sicilicus" title="Sicilicus">sicilicus</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̃ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Tilde" title="Tilde">tilde</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌῾ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌᾿ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Rough_breathing" title="Rough breathing">rough breathing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smooth_breathing" title="Smooth breathing">smooth breathing</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet#Numerals,_diacritics_and_punctuation" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early Cyrillic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌҄ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Kamora_(diacritic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamora (diacritic)">kamora</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌҇ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Pokrytie" title="Pokrytie">pokrytie</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌҃ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Titlo" title="Titlo">titlo</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Brahmic_scripts" title="Brahmic scripts">Indic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ं</span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ং</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଂ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ം</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Anusvara" title="Anusvara">anusvara</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ऽ</span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Tigrinya-language text"><span lang="ti">྅</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Avagraha" title="Avagraha">avagraha</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ँ</span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఁ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Tigrinya-language text"><span lang="ti">ྃ</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Chandrabindu" title="Chandrabindu">chandrabindu</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">़</span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Nuqta" title="Nuqta">nuqta</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">्</span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">്</span></span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">్</span></span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">್</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Sinhala-language text"><span lang="si">්</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Burmese-language text"><span lang="my">်</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Virama" title="Virama">virama</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ः</span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঃ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଃ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஃ</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Visarga" title="Visarga">visarga</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In other scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_diacritics" title="Arabic diacritics">Arabic diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_diacritics" title="Greek diacritics">Greek diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_alphabet#Other_signs" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī alphabet">Gurmukhī diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_diacritics" title="Hebrew diacritics">Hebrew diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Diacritics" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">diacritics in IPA</a></li> <li>Japanese <a href="/wiki/Kana#Diacritics" title="Kana">kana diacritics</a> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span style="font-size:75%;"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja" style="font-style: normal;">◌゙</span></span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span style="font-size:75%;"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja" style="font-style: normal;">◌゚</span></span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dakuten_and_handakuten" title="Dakuten and handakuten">dakuten, handakuten</a></span></span> </li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_alphabet#Diacritics" class="mw-redirect" title="Khmer alphabet">Khmer diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#Latin_alphabet_and_romanization" title="Syriac alphabet">Syriac diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_alphabet#Other_symbols_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai alphabet">Thai diacritics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marks used as diacritics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌’ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Apostrophe" title="Apostrophe">apostrophe</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̸ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Bar_(diacritic)" title="Bar (diacritic)">bar</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌: </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Colon_(punctuation)#Diacritical_usage" title="Colon (punctuation)">colon</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌, </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Comma#Diacritical_usage" title="Comma">comma</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌. </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Full_stop" title="Full stop">full stop/period</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌˗ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Hyphen" title="Hyphen">hyphen</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌′ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Prime_(symbol)" title="Prime (symbol)">prime</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-diacritic uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ^ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Caret_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caret (computing)">caret (computing)</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ° </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Degree_symbol" title="Degree symbol">degree symbol</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ~ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Tilde#Mathematics" title="Tilde">tilde § Mathematics</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dotted_circle" title="Dotted circle">dotted circle</a> (placeholder glyph character)</span></span> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combining_character#Unicode_ranges" title="Combining character">combining character § Unicode ranges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>See also: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_terms_with_diacritical_marks" title="English terms with diacritical marks">English terms with diacritical marks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metal_umlaut" title="Metal umlaut">Metal umlaut</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punctuation" title="Punctuation">Punctuation marks</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Diacritics" title="Category:Diacritics">Category: Diacritics</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Latin_script" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Latin_script/main" title="Template:Latin script/main"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Latin_script/main" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Latin script/main"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Latin_script/main" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Latin script/main"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Latin_script" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Latin_script" title="History of the Latin script">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_the_Latin_script" title="Spread of the Latin script">Spread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">Romanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligature_(writing)#Latin_alphabet" title="Ligature (writing)">Ligatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin-script_alphabet" title="Latin-script alphabet">Alphabets</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_alphabets" title="List of Latin-script alphabets">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Latin_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Latin alphabet">Classical Latin alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></li> <li>Phonetic alphabets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelling_alphabet" title="Spelling alphabet">Spelling alphabet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Letters (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_letters" title="List of Latin-script letters">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <table style="margin: 0 -0.25em; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters of the <a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/A" title="A">Aa</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/B" title="B">Bb</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/C" title="C">Cc</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/D" title="D">Dd</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/E" title="E">Ee</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/F" title="F">Ff</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/G" title="G">Gg</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/H" title="H">Hh</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/I" title="I">Ii</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/J" title="J">Jj</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/K" title="K">Kk</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/L" title="L">Ll</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/M" title="M">Mm </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/N" title="N">Nn</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/O" title="O">Oo</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/P" title="P">Pp</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Q" title="Q">Qq</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/R" title="R">Rr</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/S" title="S">Ss</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/T" title="T">Tt</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/U" title="U">Uu</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/V" title="V">Vv</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/W" title="W">Ww</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/X" title="X">Xx</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Y" title="Y">Yy</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Z" title="Z">Zz </a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters using <a class="mw-selflink selflink">grave accent</a> (<span style="font-weight:100; font-size:125%;"> ◌̀ </span>)</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C3%80" title="À">Àà </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C3%88" title="È">Èè </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8C" title="Ì">Ì ì </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C7%B8" title="Ǹ">Ǹǹ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C3%92" title="Ò">Òò </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C3%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Ù">Ùù </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%BA%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ẁ">Ẁẁ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Ỳ">Ỳỳ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin-script_multigraph" title="Latin-script multigraph">Multigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_digraphs" title="List of Latin-script digraphs">Digraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch_(digraph)" title="Ch (digraph)">Ch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dz_(digraph)" title="Dz (digraph)">Dz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BE" title="Dž">Dž</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gh_(digraph)" title="Gh (digraph)">Gh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IJ_(digraph)" title="IJ (digraph)">IJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lj_(digraph)" title="Lj (digraph)">Lj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ll" title="Ll">Ll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_ly" title="Hungarian ly">Ly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nh_(digraph)" title="Nh (digraph)">Nh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj_(digraph)" title="Nj (digraph)">Nj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ny_(digraph)" title="Ny (digraph)">Ny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh_(digraph)" title="Sh (digraph)">Sh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sz_(digraph)" title="Sz (digraph)">Sz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th_(digraph)" title="Th (digraph)">Th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_trigraphs" title="List of Latin-script trigraphs">Trigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dzs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dzs">dzs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_(trigraph)" title="Eau (trigraph)">eau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_tetragraphs" title="List of Latin-script tetragraphs">Tetragraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ough_(orthography)" title="Ough (orthography)">ough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_pentagraphs" title="List of Latin-script pentagraphs">Pentagraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tzsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzsch">tzsch</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboard layouts (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_keyboard_layouts" title="List of Latin-script keyboard layouts">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QWERTY" title="QWERTY">QWERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QWERTZ" title="QWERTZ">QWERTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZERTY" title="AZERTY">AZERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvorak_keyboard_layout" title="Dvorak keyboard layout">Dvorak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colemak" title="Colemak">Colemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%89PO" title="BÉPO">BÉPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo_(keyboard_layout)" title="Neo (keyboard layout)">Neo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_646" title="ISO/IEC 646">ISO/IEC 646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Latin_character_sets_(computing)" title="Western Latin character sets (computing)">Western Latin character sets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script_in_Unicode" title="Latin script in Unicode">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIN_91379" title="DIN 91379">DIN 91379: Unicode subset for Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_precomposed_Latin_characters_in_Unicode" title="List of precomposed Latin characters in Unicode">Precomposed Latin characters in Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_letters_used_in_mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin letters used in mathematics">Letters used in mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_typographical_symbols_and_punctuation_marks" title="List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks">List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">Diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaeography" title="Palaeography">Palaeography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&oldid=1248590738">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grave_accent&oldid=1248590738</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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