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class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-역사" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#역사"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>역사</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-역사-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-음수를_포함한_연산" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#음수를_포함한_연산"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>음수를 포함한 연산</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-음수를_포함한_연산-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>음수를 포함한 연산 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-음수를_포함한_연산-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-더하기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#더하기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>더하기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-더하기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-빼기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#빼기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>빼기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-빼기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-곱하기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#곱하기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>곱하기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-곱하기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-나누기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#나누기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>나누기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-나누기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">음수</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 68개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8" title="عدد سالب – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عدد سالب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmberu_negativu" title="Númberu negativu – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Númberu negativu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99nfi_%C9%99d%C9%99dl%C9%99r" title="Mənfi ədədlər – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mənfi ədədlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Адмоўны лік – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Адмоўны лік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Адмоўны лік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Адмоўны лік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8B%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%8B%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE" title="ঋণাত্মক ও অঋণাত্মক সংখ্যা – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঋণাত্মক ও অঋণাত্মক সংখ্যা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niver_leiel" title="Niver leiel – 브르타뉴어" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Niver leiel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="브르타뉴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negativan_broj" title="Negativan broj – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Negativan broj" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8D_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Һөөргэ тоо – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Һөөргэ тоо" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_negatiu" title="Nombre negatiu – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nombre negatiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95_%D9%86%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ژمارە نەرێنییەکان – 소라니 쿠르드어" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژمارە نەرێنییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="소라니 쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF" title="Минуслă хисеп – 추바시어" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Минуслă хисеп" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="추바시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhif_negatif" title="Rhif negatif – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhif negatif" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_Zahl" title="Negative Zahl – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Negative Zahl" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αρνητικός αριθμός – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρνητικός αριθμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_number" title="Negative number – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Negative number" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_negativo" title="Número negativo – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Número negativo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenbaki_negatibo" title="Zenbaki negatibo – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zenbaki negatibo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%86%D9%81%DB%8C" title="عدد منفی – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عدد منفی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_n%C3%A9gatif" title="Nombre négatif – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nombre négatif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_negativo" title="Número negativo – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Número negativo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מספרים חיוביים ושליליים – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מספרים חיוביים ושליליים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8B%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="ऋणात्मक संख्या – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऋणात्मक संख्या" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%BE" title="Բացասական թիվ – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բացասական թիվ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumur_negatif" title="Lumur negatif – 이반어" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Lumur negatif" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="이반어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilangan_riil_negatif" title="Bilangan riil negatif – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bilangan riil negatif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neikv%C3%A6%C3%B0_tala" title="Neikvæð tala – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Neikvæð tala" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numero_negativo" title="Numero negativo – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Numero negativo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E3%81%AE%E6%95%B0%E3%81%A8%E8%B2%A0%E3%81%AE%E6%95%B0" title="正の数と負の数 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="正の数と負の数" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="უარყოფითი რიცხვი – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უარყოფითი რიცხვი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%87%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="ចំនួនអវិជ្ជមាន – 크메르어" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចំនួនអវិជ្ជមាន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="크메르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa_miiba" title="Isa miiba – 말라가시어" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Isa miiba" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="말라가시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="ഋണസംഖ്യ – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഋണസംഖ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8B%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="ऋण संख्या – 마라티어" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ऋण संख्या" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="마라티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombor_negatif" title="Nombor negatif – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nombor negatif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numru_negattiv" title="Numru negattiv – 몰타어" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Numru negattiv" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="몰타어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negatief_getal" title="Negatief getal – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Negatief getal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negativt_tal" title="Negativt tal – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Negativt tal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negativt_tall" title="Negativt tall – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Negativt tall" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_negatiu" title="Nombre negatiu – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nombre negatiu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakkoofsa_wawwee" title="Lakkoofsa wawwee – 오로모어" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Lakkoofsa wawwee" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="오로모어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znak_liczby" title="Znak liczby – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Znak liczby" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="نیگیٹو نمبر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیگیٹو نمبر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_negativo" title="Número negativo – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Número negativo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Num%C4%83r_negativ" title="Număr negativ – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Număr negativ" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Отрицательное число – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Отрицательное число" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%85_%D1%87%D1%8B%D1%8B%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мэлдьэхтээх чыыһылалар – 야쿠트어" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мэлдьэхтээх чыыһылалар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="야쿠트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_number" title="Negative number – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Negative number" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1porn%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Záporné číslo – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Záporné číslo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negativno_%C5%A1tevilo" title="Negativno število – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Negativno število" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhamba_Hwaradada" title="Nhamba Hwaradada – 쇼나어" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nhamba Hwaradada" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="쇼나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiinada_taban" title="Thiinada taban – 소말리아어" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Thiinada taban" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="소말리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Негативан број – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Негативан број" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negativa_tal" title="Negativa tal – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Negativa tal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namba_hasi" title="Namba hasi – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Namba hasi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D" title="எதிர்ம எண் – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எதிர்ம எண்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A" title="จำนวนลบและจำนวนไม่เป็นลบ – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จำนวนลบและจำนวนไม่เป็นลบ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negatif_say%C4%B1" title="Negatif sayı – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Negatif sayı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B4%27%D1%94%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Від'ємне число – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Від'ємне число" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D9%81%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF" title="منفی عدد – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="منفی عدد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manfiy_sonlar" title="Manfiy sonlar – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Manfiy sonlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%91_%C3%A2m" title="Số âm – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Số âm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9F%E6%95%B0" title="负数 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="负数" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D2%AF_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3" title="Эсрегү тойг – 칼미크어" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Эсрегү тойг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="칼미크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B9%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BD%E2%B4%BD%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99" title="ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰⵙ – 표준 모로코 타마지트어" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰⵙ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="표준 모로코 타마지트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9F%E6%95%B0" title="负数 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="负数" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%A0%E6%95%B8" title="負數 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="負數" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%A0%E6%95%B8" title="負數 – 광둥어" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="負數" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="광둥어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/23px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/35px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/46px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> 다른 뜻에 대해서는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98_(%EB%8F%99%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%98)" class="mw-disambig" title="음수 (동음이의)">음수 (동음이의)</a> 문서를 참고하십시오.</div> <p><b>음수</b>(陰數)는 -1, -2, - <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mn>2</mn> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b4afc1e27d418021bf10898eb44a7f5f315735ff" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}}"></span>, -1.414처럼 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%80%ED%98%B8_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="부호 (수학)">음의 부호</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%94%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0%ED%91%9C%EC%99%80_%EB%B9%BC%EA%B8%B0%ED%91%9C" title="더하기표와 빼기표">-</a>)를 붙인 수로 <a href="/wiki/0" title="0">0</a>보다 작은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98" title="실수">실수</a>다. </p><p>음수는 플러스 부호를 붙이는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="양수 (수학)">양수</a>와 반대로 마이너스 부호를 붙여 나타내므로 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="양수 (수학)">양수</a>와 반대되는 개념이다. </p><p>음수는 기상청에서 온도를 나타낼 때, 영상과 반대되는 개념인 <b>영하</b>를 나타낼 때 쓰이고, 고대 중국에서는 수입과 반대되는 개념 <b>빚</b>을 나타낼 때 쓰였으며, 산의 높이를 측정하는 해발과 반대되는 개념인 <b>해저</b>를 나타낼 때 쓰이는 등 음수는 현대에 이르러 수와 관련된 많은 분야에서 쓰이고 있다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="역사"><span id=".EC.97.AD.EC.82.AC"></span>역사</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 역사"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>최초로 사용한 사람은 인도인인 623년경의 <b><a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%EA%B5%BD%ED%83%80" title="브라마굽타">브라마굽타</a></b>로, 단순히 음수에 대한 사칙연산만을 기술하였다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1650년대 이후로 음수가 자유로이 사용되었지만 그 개념이나 논리적 기초가 확실하지 않았기 때문에 수학자들은 정당성의 문제를 회피하거나 그 사용에 이의를 제기하였다.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1657년 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%97%88%EB%93%9C" title="존 허드">존 허드</a>(John Hudde, 1633년~1704년)가 음수와 양수 모두를 표시하는 문자를 사용한 이후부터 수학자들은 자유로이 그런 방식을 따랐다.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="음수를_포함한_연산"><span id=".EC.9D.8C.EC.88.98.EB.A5.BC_.ED.8F.AC.ED.95.A8.ED.95.9C_.EC.97.B0.EC.82.B0"></span>음수를 포함한 연산</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 음수를 포함한 연산"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="더하기"><span id=".EB.8D.94.ED.95.98.EA.B8.B0"></span>더하기</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 더하기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>두 음수의 더하기는 두 양수의 더하기와 매우 유사하다. </p> <dl><dd><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25030363">.mw-parser-output .texhtml{font-family:"Nimbus Roman No9 L","Times New Roman",Times,serif;white-space:nowrap;line-height:1;font-size:118%}</style><span class="texhtml">(−3) + (−5) = −8</span>.</dd></dl> <p>양수와 음수를 혼합하여 더할 때에는 음수를 차감되는 양의 값으로 생각할 수 있다. </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml">8 + (−3) = 8 − 3 = 5</span>  그리고 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml">(−2) + 7 = 7 − 2 = 5</span>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="빼기"><span id=".EB.B9.BC.EA.B8.B0"></span>빼기</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 빼기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>음수가 아닌 두 수의 빼기로 음수를 산출하는 것이 가능하다. </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml"> 5 − 8 = −3</span></dd></dl> <p>일반적으로 양수의 빼기는 같은 절대값의 음수의 더하기와 같은 결과를 산출한다. 그러므로 </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml"> 5 − 8 = 5 + (−8) = −3</span></dd></dl> <p>그리고 </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml"> (−3) − 5 = (−3) + (−5) = −8</span></dd></dl> <p>반면, 음수의 빼기는 같은 절대값의 양수의 더하기와 같은 결과를 산출한다.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 그러므로 </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml"> 3 − (−5) = 3 + 5 = 8</span></dd></dl> <p>그리고 </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml"> (−5) − (−8) = (−5) + 8 = 3</span>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="곱하기"><span id=".EA.B3.B1.ED.95.98.EA.B8.B0"></span>곱하기</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 곱하기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>두 음수의 곱이 양수여야 한다는 관습은 곱셈이 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%B0%B0_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" class="mw-redirect" title="분배 법칙">분배 법칙</a>을 따르기 위해서 필요하다. 이러한 경우 다음이 성립한다. </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml"> (−2) × (−3) + 2 × (−3) = (−2 + 2) × (−3) = 0 × (−3) = 0</span></dd></dl> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml">2 × (−3) = −6</span>이기 때문에, 곱셈 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml">(−2) × (−3)</span>는 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25030363"><span class="texhtml">6</span>이어야 한다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="나누기"><span id=".EB.82.98.EB.88.84.EA.B8.B0"></span>나누기</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 나누기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311305">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> 이 부분의 본문은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EC%88%98" class="mw-disambig" title="분수">분수</a>입니다.</div> <p>음수가 포함된 나누기 또는 분수의 경우 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {{-a} \over {-b}}={{-\left(-a\right)} \over {-\left(-b\right)}}={{a} \over {b}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {{-a} \over {-b}}={{-\left(-a\right)} \over {-\left(-b\right)}}={{a} \over {b}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0eac798fc0be5bd5e8c7f7ca4157174f96daaaf8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:20.016ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {{-a} \over {-b}}={{-\left(-a\right)} \over {-\left(-b\right)}}={{a} \over {b}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>따라서 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {{-a} \over {-b}}={{a} \over {b}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {{-a} \over {-b}}={{a} \over {b}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1daf926957981b8eb8114899bb027cafd9df7838" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:9.038ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {{-a} \over {-b}}={{a} \over {b}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%98_%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="음의 정수">음의 정수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="양수 (수학)">양수</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98&action=edit&section=8" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">모리스 클라인저, 심재관역, 《수학의 확실성》, (주)사이언스북스, 2007, 191쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">모리스 클라인저, 심재관역, 《수학의 확실성》, (주)사이언스북스, 2007, 210쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">모리스 클라인저, 심재관역, 《수학의 확실성》, (주)사이언스북스, 2007, 217쪽</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">이 아이디어는 빚의 감소는 신용의 증가와 같다는 것에서 유래한다.</span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480479">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480595">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Wiktionary-logo-ko-without-text.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-ko-without-text.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Wiktionary-logo-ko-without-text.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-ko-without-text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Wiktionary-logo-ko-without-text.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-ko-without-text.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%82%B1%EB%A7%90%EC%82%AC%EC%A0%84" title="위키낱말사전">위키낱말사전</a></b>에<br />관련된 항목이 있습니다. <div class="plainlinks" style="padding-left:1em;"><b><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EC%88%98" class="extiw" title="wikt:음수">음수</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480591">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li:after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li:after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li:after{content:", ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash li:after{content:" / ";font-weight:normal}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36429174">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="수_체계" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%88%98_%EC%B2%B4%EA%B3%84" title="틀:수 체계"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%88%98_%EC%B2%B4%EA%B3%84" title="틀토론:수 체계"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%88%98_%EC%B2%B4%EA%B3%84" title="특수:문서편집/틀:수 체계"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="수_체계" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="수 (수학)">수</a> 체계</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">복소수</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0%EC%88%98" title="자연수">자연수</a> (ℕ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98" title="정수">정수</a> (ℤ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98" title="유리수">유리수</a> (ℚ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98" title="무리수">무리수</a> (ℝ∖ℚ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98" title="실수">실수</a> (ℝ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%97%88%EC%88%98" title="허수">허수</a> (ℂ∖ℝ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98" title="복소수">복소수</a> (ℂ)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">자연수의 분류</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0)" title="소수 (수론)">소수</a> (ℙ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EC%84%B1%EC%88%98" title="합성수">합성수</a> (ℕ∖ℙ∖{0,1})</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">유리수의 분류</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98" title="반정수">반정수</a> (1/2+ℤ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%84_%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98" title="이진 유리수">이진 유리수</a> ((2<sup>ℕ</sup>)<sup>-1</sup>ℤ)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">실수의 분류</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="양수 (수학)">양수</a> (ℝ<sup>+</sup>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">음수</a> (ℝ<sup>-</sup>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">복소수의 분류</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%88%98" title="대수적 수">대수적 수</a> (<span class="sfrac nowrap;"><span style="display:none; display:inline-block; text-align:center;"><span style="display:block; line-height:0.4em; font-size:70%; padding:0 0.1em;">—</span><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; padding:0 0.1em;">ℚ</span></span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9B%94%EC%88%98" title="초월수">초월수</a> (ℂ∖<span class="sfrac nowrap;"><span style="display:none; display:inline-block; text-align:center;"><span style="display:block; line-height:0.4em; font-size:70%; padding:0 0.1em;">—</span><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; padding:0 0.1em;">ℚ</span></span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="대수적 정수">대수적 정수</a> (<span class="mathcal" style="font-family: 'Lucida Calligraphy', 'Monotype Corsiva', 'URW Chancery L', 'Apple Chancery', serif;">O</span><sub><span class="sfrac nowrap;"><span style="display:none; display:inline-block; text-align:center;"><span style="display:block; line-height:0.4em; font-size:70%; padding:0 0.1em;">—</span><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; padding:0 0.1em;">ℚ</span></span></span></sub>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98" title="가우스 정수">가우스 정수</a> (ℤ[i])</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%A0%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8_%EC%A0%95%EC%88%98" title="아이젠슈타인 정수">아이젠슈타인 정수</a> (<span class="mathcal" style="font-family: 'Lucida Calligraphy', 'Monotype Corsiva', 'URW Chancery L', 'Apple Chancery', serif;">O</span><sub>ℚ(√-3)</sub>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%91%EB%8F%84_%EA%B0%80%EB%8A%A5%ED%95%9C_%EC%88%98" title="작도 가능한 수">작도 가능한 수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0_%EA%B0%80%EB%8A%A5%ED%95%9C_%EC%88%98" title="계산 가능한 수">계산 가능한 수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%98_%EA%B0%80%EB%8A%A5%ED%95%9C_%EC%88%98" title="정의 가능한 수">정의 가능한 수</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="이원수 (수학)">이원수</a> (ℝ[x]/(x<sup>2</sup>))</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A4%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="다원수 (없는 문서)">다원수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98" title="사원수">사원수</a> (ℍ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98" title="팔원수">팔원수</a> (𝕆)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%AD%EC%9C%A1%EC%9B%90%EC%88%98" title="십육원수">십육원수</a> (𝕊)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%EC%A7%84%EC%88%98" title="P진수">p진수</a> (ℚ<sub>p</sub>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98" title="초실수">초실수</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%83%81%EC%B4%88%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="상초실수 (없는 문서)">상초실수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%ED%98%84%EC%8B%A4%EC%88%98" title="초현실수">초현실수</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%9C%EC%84%9C%EC%88%98" title="순서수">순서수</a> (Ord)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%88%98_(%EC%88%98%ED%95%99)" title="기수 (수학)">기수</a> (Card)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a>: 국가 <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200227#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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