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aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#icon--link"></use> </svg> </button> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="o-article-header o-article-header--immersive-image "> <header class="g-header"> <div class="g-header__top" data-behavior="analytics"> <div class="g-header__left"> <button class="g-menu__toggle" data-menutoggle data-analytics-left-navigation> Toggle side menu <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--menu"> <use xlink:href="#icon--menu"></use> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="g-header__center"> <a class="g-header__logo" href="/"> Go to homepage <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--site-logo"> <use xlink:href="#icon--site-logo"></use> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="g-header__right"></div> </div> </header> <div class="o-article-header__text"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <h1>UPDATED: Timeline of the Coronavirus </h1> A frequently updated tracker of emerging developments from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic </div> <div class="o-article-header__image">  <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/max_325x325/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-InCover-RTS300G7-THREE-FOUR.jpg?itok=Gz4EUpAh 244w, /sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-InCover-RTS300G7-THREE-FOUR.jpg?itok=xgjVeuDr 488w, /sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-InCover-RTS300G7-THREE-FOUR.jpg?itok=SJqjaUOr 975w, /sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-InCover-RTS300G7-THREE-FOUR.jpg?itok=WGp3blJf 1350w" sizes="(min-width: 1290px) 1290px, 100vw" width="244" height="325" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_325x325/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-InCover-RTS300G7-THREE-FOUR.jpg?itok=Gz4EUpAh" alt="Photo shows a gloved hand holding a test tube labeled, “2019-nCoV” with two boxes ,marked “Positive” and “Negative.” The positive box is checked. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="o-article-header__caption"> Test tube with Coronavirus name label is seen in this illustration taken on January 29, 2020. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic </div> </div> <div class="o-article-body" id="articleBody"> <div class="o-article-meta"> by <a href="/author/caroline-kantis">Caroline Kantis</a>, <a href="/author/samantha-kiernan">Samantha Kiernan</a>, <a href="/author/jason-socrates-bardi">Jason Socrates Bardi</a>, <a href="/author/lillian-posner">Lillian Posner</a>, <a href="/author/isabella-turilli">Isabella Turilli</a> <time datetime="2023-08-18T13:28:35-04:00" title="Friday, August 18, 2023 - 13:28">August 18, 2023</time> <ul class="m-social" data-behavior="share"> <li> <button data-social-sharing-facebook class="a-icon-btn"> Share on Facebook <svg class="icon--facebook" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#icon--facebook"></use> </svg> </button> </li> <li> <button data-social-sharing-twitter class="a-icon-btn"> Share on X <svg class="icon icon-twitter" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="19px" height="19px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="enable-background:new 0 0 24 24;" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M14.095479,10.316482L22.286354,1h-1.940718l-7.115352,8.087682L7.551414,1H1l8.589488,12.231093L1,23h1.940717 l7.509372-8.542861L16.448587,23H23L14.095479,10.316482z M11.436522,13.338465l-0.871624-1.218704l-6.924311-9.68815h2.981339 l5.58978,7.82155l0.867949,1.218704l7.26506,10.166271h-2.981339L11.436522,13.338465z" class="icon-fill" fill="none"/></svg> </button> </li> <li> <button data-social-sharing-linkedin class="a-icon-btn"> Share on LinkedIn <svg class="icon--linkedin" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#icon--linkedin"></use> </svg> </button> </li> <li> <button data-social-sharing-permalink class="a-icon-btn"> Copy link <svg class="icon--link" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#icon--link"></use> </svg> </button> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="o-article-body__content" data-behavior="analytics"> Think Global Health is a multi-contributor website that examines the ways in which changes in health are reshaping economies, societies, and the everyday lives of people around the globe. Launched on January 21, 2020, our <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/about-site">editorial team</a> has been closely monitoring the emergence of coronavirus, the COVID-19 pandemic, and its economic and social consequences. This timeline is a running account, gathered in real-time, of key events as they unfolded. We will be updating this timeline frequently as new developments are reported. You can access all of Think Global Health's coronavirus coverage <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/tag/coronavirus">here</a>. <h2>Ongoing Timeline of Events Follows</h2> <h2>Week of August 11 and August 17: South Africa Must Disclose Contracts with COVID-19 Vaccine Suppliers; First U.S. Nasal Spray Vaccine for COVID-19; New Zealand Lifts Last Pandemic Restrictions</h2> August 17 <ul> <li>A national court <a href="https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2023/08/17/pfizer-jnj-vaccine-covid19-south-africa-transparency-contract/">rules </a>that the South African government must disclose its contracts with COVID-19 vaccine manufacturers like Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson. </li> <li>The U.S. National Institutes of Health, Dartmouth University Geisel School of Medicine, and Belgium-based manufacturer Exothera <a href="https://www.healthcarefinancenews.com/news/first-covid-19-nasal-spray-vaccine-being-developed-dartmouth-health-nih-and-exothera">develop </a>the first COVID-19 nasal spray vaccine. </li> </ul> August 14 <ul> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/new-zealand-removes-final-covid-19-restrictions-2023-08-14/">lifts </a>its final COVID-19 restrictions, which required mask wearing and post-infection isolation. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 4 and August 10: China Lifts Group Ban Travel; Cyprus to Use COVID Medication Against Feline Mutation; EG.5 Variant Dominant in U.S.</h2> August 10 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3230632/china-ends-covid-era-bans-group-travel-us-and-japan">lifts </a>its ban on group travel to seventy-eight international destinations three years after it was first imposed. </li> </ul> August 7 <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Prevention and Control announce variant EG.5 is now the dominant form of COVID-19 circulating in the United States.</li> </ul> August 4 <ul> <li>The government of Cyprus <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/cyprus-allows-human-covid-19-medications-cats-fight-102010590">votes to allow</a> coronavirus medications formulated for humans to be used against a deadly coronavirus mutation in felines, which has killed thousands of cats on the island. The feline coronavirus mutation cannot be transmitted to humans. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 28 to August 3: HHS Launches Long COVID Office; Pfizer Considers Lowering Prices for COVID-19 Products; Japan's First mRNA Vaccine Approved</h2> August 1 <ul> <li>Pfizer <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/pfizer-misses-quarterly-revenue-estimates-covid-product-sales-decline-2023-08-01/">announces </a>it will consider a cost-cutting program if demand for its COVID-19 products continues to fall. </li> <li>An mRNA COVID-19 vaccine made by Japanese pharmaceutical company Daiichi Sankyo <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/japans-daiichi-sankyo-gets-approval-covid-vaccine-first-country-2023-08-01/">is approved</a> by the Japanese health ministry.</li> </ul> July 31 <ul> <li>The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2023/07/31/hhs-announces-formation-office-long-covid-research-practice-launch-long-covid-clinical-trials-through-recover-initiative.html">forms </a>the Office of Long COVID Research and Practice to lead the national response to Long COVID and help coordinate the launch of Long COVID-related clinical trials.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 21 to July 27: Manufacture of PanCOV Vaccine Underway; India Scraps COVID-19 Testing for International Travelers</h2> July 24 <ul> <li>Biotech firm LinkinVax <a href="https://www.biopharma-reporter.com/Article/2023/07/24/linkinvax-completes-first-batch-of-pancov-vaccine-to-prevent-covid-19">announces </a>the completion of the first batch of its PanCOV vaccine, which aims to induce immunity against a broad range of coronaviruses. Clinical trials will begin early in 2024. </li> </ul> July 21 <ul> <li>India's Health Ministry <a href="https://www.dhakatribune.com/south-asia/2023/07/21/india-drops-covid-testing-for-international-arrivals">announces </a>that international travelers will not require a COVID-19 test for entry. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 14 to July 20: HHS Cuts Off Funding for Wuhan Virology Institute; New WHO Partnership to Strengthen Disease Surveillance in Africa; Chinese Province Deletes COVID-19 Mortality Data</h2> July 19  <ul> <li>The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/us-halts-funding-access-wuhan-lab-heart-covid/story?id=101499843">cuts off access</a> to federal funding to the Wuhan Institute of Virology for likely violations of biosafety rules. </li> </ul> July 18 <ul> <li>The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization,and the Robert Koch Foundation <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/18-07-2023-africa-cdc--who-and-rki-launch-a-health-security-partnership--to-strengthen-disease-surveillance-in-africa">launch </a>a program entitled "Health Security Partnership to Strengthen Disease Surveillance and Epidemic Intelligence in Africa."</li> <li>Zhejiang province in China <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/a634d844-5298-441b-b2e8-0eabe0b3c1d7">has reportedly deleted</a> COVID-19 mortality data suggesting that the end of China's zero-COVID policy led to increased deaths. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 7 to July 13: Updated Vaccine By End of September; CDC to Launch Access Program for COVID-19 Vaccine; Germany Will Discard Total of 200 Million Doses, Report Says</h2> July 13 <ul> <li>The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/13/health/covid-19-vaccines-hhs-letter/index.html">announces </a>in a letter that the updated COVID-19 vaccine could be ready for distribution as soon as the end of September.</li> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2023/07/13/cdc-launch-bridge-access-program-fall-2023-provide-free-covid-19-vaccines-treatments-uninsured-underinsured-adults.html">plan </a>to launch an access program in the fall to ensure vaccine and treatment access to uninsured and underinsured adults. </li> </ul> July 11 <ul> <li>According to a <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-bin-200-million-covid-19-vaccine-doses/">Politico </a>report, Germany is likely to discard as many as 200 million doses of the COVID-19 vaccine due to expiry and lack of demand.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 30 to July 6: Spain Ends COVID-19 Emergency; China Reports June Uptick in COVID-19 Deaths; Moderna Files for EMA Authorization for Updated Vaccine</h2> July 6 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/china-239-people-died-covid-19-june-significant-100761180">reports </a>an uptick in COVID-19 deaths in June following the lift of most containment regulations. </li> </ul> July 4 <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.abc27.com/news/health/ap-health/ap-spain-calls-an-end-to-covid-19-health-crisis-and-obligatory-use-of-masks-in-hospitals-pharmacies/">ends </a>its health emergency for COVID-19. This move also ends obligatory use of masks in hospitals and pharmacies.</li> </ul> July 3 <ul> <li>Biotech company Moderna <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/moderna-files-european-authorization-updated-covid-vaccine-2023-07-03/">files </a>for authorization with the European Medicine Agency for an updated COVID-19 vaccine, following fellow vaccine manufacturer Pfizer/BioNTech. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 23 to June 29: Arcturus Strain on the Rise; Pfizer/BioNTech Initiate EMA Application for Updated Vaccine; ODNI Finds No Direct Evidence of COVID-19 Lab Leak Origin </h2> June 23 <ul> <li>Biomedical partnership Pfizer and BioNTech <a href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/pfizer-biontech-initiate-application-eu-211925823.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAABTtmlB8lTDeWIV79y9-khurClyzAfEb1dXebnVciBNuBrVSnZaG5rEP7EgC1P2zMNtq7TnPZtaqp1fCoDMD6A14ARUTrpC_MK7VvrV-7PSWNhgpjhSNoxcan3cX0wyWD11-efKbB1dI63SElCZ2aU6kDYTMlrenMqil9KP-jt3k">initiate </a>an application to the European Medicines Agency for authorization of an updated COVID-19 vaccine that would better target dominant strains. </li> <li>A declassified report from the U.S. Office of the Director of National Intelligence <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jun/23/covid-19-origins-wuhan-lab-leak-us-intelligence-reports">finds </a>there is no direct proof that COVID-19 stemmed from a lab leak in Wuhan. </li> <li>According to data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Arcturus strain of COVID-19 <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2023-06-23/cdc-data-omicron-subvariant-xbb-1-16-or-arcturus-causing-20-of-new-covid-19-infections">is causing</a> up to twenty percent of new infections. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 16 to June 22: Genetic Sequence Data Sharing; Dr. Cohen To Lead the CDC</h2> June 19 <ul> <li>As the pandemic treaty drafting continues, the issue of genetic sequence data and its <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-01986-y">sharing</a> between sovereignties has become central to the debate.</li> </ul> June 16 <ul> <li>Dr. Mandy Cohen <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/06/16/biden-cdc-pick-mandy-cohen-00102277">is chosen</a> to lead the U.S. Centers for Disease and Prevention, the successor to Dr. Rochelle Walensky.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/06/16/national/ninth-covid19-wave-possibility/">is reportedly</a> on the cusp of another COVID-19 wave after downgrading the severity of the pandemic in May.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 9 to June 15: FDA Votes to Update the COVID Vaccine; Indian Government Denies COVID-19 Vaccine Data Leak</h2> June 15 <ul> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's vaccine committee <a href="https://time.com/6287732/new-covid-19-vaccine-strains/">votes</a> unanimously to update the COVID-19 vaccine to be more effective against currently-circulating strains. </li> </ul> June 12 <ul> <li>The government of India <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-06-12/india-probes-reports-of-covid-portal-breach-personal-data-leak">denies</a> that an online portal containing information about citizens who received the COVID-19 vaccine was breached, causing private information to be shared. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 2 to June 8: White House COVID Coordinator to Step Down; Moderna, Pfizer Sued Over Patent Infringement; EMA and WHO Support Vaccine Antigen Update</h2> June 8 <ul> <li>White House COVID-19 Response Coordinator Ashish Jha <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/06/08/jha-set-to-depart-top-biden-covid-official-role-00101036">announces</a> he will step down from his role on June 15. </li> </ul> June 6 <ul> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-permits-marketing-first-covid-19-home-test-using-traditional-premarket-review-process">approves</a> a COVID-19 at-home diagnostic test through the traditional premarket review process, not through emergency use authorization, for the first time.  </li> <li>A biotech firm named Promosome LLC <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/moderna-pfizer-hit-with-new-patent-lawsuits-over-covid-vaccines-2023-06-06/">launches</a> a suit against companies Moderna and Pfizer over an alleged patent infringement involving the mRNA technology in their COVID-19 vaccines. </li> <li>The European Medicines Agency <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/eu-regulators-back-whos-covid-vaccine-update-recommendation-2023-06-06/">back</a> the World Health Organization's recommendation to update the antigen composition of the COVID-19 vaccines. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 26 to June 1: China Allegedly Investigated Lab Leak Claims; Japan to Open Its Own CDC; U.S. COVID Hospitalizations at Record Low</h2> June 1 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/06/01/national/politics-diplomacy/disease-control-body/">announces</a> it will open a disease control body modeled after the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in order to respond to future health crises. </li> </ul> May 30 <ul> <li>A Chinese scientist <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/cd633f52-c2d2-4ee4-b940-d1bef6a5d910">alleges</a> that China investigated claims of COVID originating from a lab leak. </li> </ul> May 26 <ul> <li>According to U.S. CDC data, COVID hospitalizations across the country <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/covid-hospitalizations-record-low-nationwide-cdc/">have hit</a> a record low. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 19 to May 25: FDA Approves Paxlovid; WHO to Launch Pathogen Surveillance Network; Former UK PM Referred to Police for COVID Breaches</h2> May 25 <ul> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-oral-antiviral-treatment-covid-19-adults">approves</a> oral antiviral Paxlovid for COVID-19 treatment in adults with mild-to-moderate symptoms. </li> </ul> May 23 <ul> <li>Boris Johnson, the former prime minister of the United Kingdom, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/23/europe/uk-boris-johnson-covid-violation-intl/index.html">is referred</a> to the police for allegedly breaking COVID-19 rules on social distancing and gatherings during his tenure. </li> </ul> May 20 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/20-05-2023-who-launches-global-network-to--detect-and-prevent-infectious-disease-threats">announces</a> the launch of its International Pathogen Surveillance Network (IPSN) to bring together genomics experts and prepare for the next pandemic. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 12 to May 18: J&J Vaccine No Longer Available in US; Australia to End its COVID Work Visa; Title 42 Officially Lifted in US</h2> May 17 <ul> <li>The Australian government <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nri/migrate/australian-government-to-scrap-covid-visa-heres-how-it-will-impact-indian-temporary-workers-students/articleshow/100307815.cms">plans</a> to end its COVID work visa program, through which many temporary workers and international students were allowed to remain in Australia during the pandemic. </li> </ul> May 15 <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/15/health/johnson-johnson-covid-vaccine-end/index.html">announces</a> that the COVID-19 vaccine manufactured by Johnson & Johnson is no longer available in the United States. </li> </ul> May 12 <ul> <li>Title 42, the public health authority allowing officials to turn away migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border, is <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/05/11/us/title-42-immigration">lifted</a>. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 5 to May 11: Public Health Emergency Expires in U.S.; WHO Ends COVID-19 PHEIC; Biden Ends Vaccination Requirements for Federal Employees, Foreign Visitors</h2> May 11 <ul> <li>The coronavirus public health emergency officially <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/10/us/politics/covid-public-health-emergency.html">expires</a> in the United States, three years after it was first declared by the Trump administration. </li> </ul> May 9  <ul> <li>The Biden administration <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-revokes-covid-travel-federal-employee-vaccine-requirements-2023-05-09/">ends</a> COVID-19 vaccination requirements for foreign visitors to the U.S. and federal employees and contractors.</li> </ul> May 5 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/05/05/1174269442/who-ends-global-health-emergency-declaration-for-covid-19">ends</a> the public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) for COVID-19. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 28 to May 4: Japan Lifts COVID-19 Border Controls; Mexico Develops Own Vaccine; Chinese Whistleblower Released from Detention</h2> May 3 <ul> <li>Chinese authorities <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/03/china-covid-whistleblower-wuhan-fang-bin-reportedly-released-prison">release</a> Fang Bin, a citizen journalist who publicly reported China's first major outbreak and lockdown, from detention after three years. </li> <li>Mexican officials <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/mexico-develops-covid-19-vaccine-2-years-late-99056101">announce</a> that the country has finished development of its own COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> April 29 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2023/04/2bff2191102d-japan-to-end-covid-19-border-controls-before-golden-week-holidays.html">lifts</a> all its COVID-19-related border controls in advance of its annual Golden Week holiday. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 21 to April 27: CDC Loosens Vaccine Requirement for Foreign Visitors; China Drops PCR Test Requirement for Travelers; Australia Pledges Long COVID Funding</h2> April 27 <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/covid-vaccination-rule-international-travelers/">loosens</a> its vaccination requirement for international travelers, now accepting only one dose of the COVID vaccine instead of two. </li> </ul> April 25 <ul> <li>The Chinese government <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/25/business/china-travel-covid-test.html">announces</a> it will no longer require travelers entering its borders to show a negative PCR test. It remains unclear whether a negative antigen test will be required instead.</li> </ul> April 23 <ul> <li>The Australian government <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/24/albanese-government-pledges-50m-for-long-covid-research-as-inquiry-calls-for-action">pledges</a> $50 million in funding for long COVID research. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 14 to April 20: U.S. CDC Updates Vaccine Recommendations; WHO Launches mRNA Vaccine Tech Hub; Former Chinese CDC Head Says No Evidence Yet on Virus Originating Animal</h2> April 20 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/who-officially-launches-mrna-vaccine-hub-cape-town-2023-04-20/">launches</a> its mRNA vaccine technology hub in Cape Town, South Africa.</li> </ul> April 19 <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/19/health/cdc-covid-mrna-booster-recommendation/index.html">updates</a> its recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination, allowing an additional bivalent booster dose for those over the age of 65, those with weakened immune systems, or for those who want additional protection against infection. </li> </ul> April 14 <ul> <li>The former head of the Chinese CDC <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/no-good-evidence-yet-proving-covid-came-animals-says-former-head-china-cdc-2023-04-14/">says</a> there is no evidence yet showing which animal COVID-19 may have originated from.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 7 to April 13: Biden Ends National Emergency for COVID-19; China Defends Itself Against WHO Comments; Japan to End Testing and Vaccination Protocols for Travelers</h2> April 10 <ul> <li>U.S. President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/04/10/biden-ends-covid-19-national-emergency-00091313">signs</a> a bill ending the COVID-19 national emergency. </li> </ul> April 8 <ul> <li>Chinese officials <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/china-health-officials-lash-out-at-who-chief-defend-search-for-origin-of-covid-19">call</a> the comments made by the WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus regarding Beijing's delay in sharing genetic material "offensive and disrespectful."</li> </ul> April 7 <ul> <li>Japan's National Tourism Organization <a href="https://www.travelandleisure.com/japan-drop-covid-tesing-vaccination-may-7376772">announces</a> it will end COVID-19 testing and vaccination protocols for international travelers beginning in May. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 31 to April 6: EU to Revamp Drug Laws; Pfizer and Merck Lower Prices in China; South Korea Begins Sewage Testing</h2> April 5 <ul> <li>South Korea <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/south-korea-test-sewage-samples-covid-19-98371755">begins</a> weekly tests of the sewage system of its major cities in an effort to identify COVID-19 spread. </li> </ul> April 4 <ul> <li>Pharmaceutical companies Pfizer and Merck <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/pfizer-merck-trim-prices-china-paxlovid-molnupiravir-reports-2023-04-04/">lower</a> prices for their COVID-19 treatments in China. </li> </ul> April 3 <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/after-covid-drug-shortages-eu-revamps-drug-laws-2023-04-03/">announces</a> it will release a proposal to revive investment and support access to affordable drugs in the wake of high prices and low access during the COVID-19 pandemic.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 24 to March 30: Chinese Researchers Release Genomic Data; WHO Revises Vaccine Recommendations; FDA Considers Second Booster</h2> March 30 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-plans-random-spot-checks-hospitals-track-covid-2023-03-30/">plans</a> to begin spot checks at hospitals across the country to track COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> March 29 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/29/health/who-updates-covid-vaccine-recommendations-intl-hnk/index.html">revises</a> its recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination, stating that healthy kids and teenagers who are considered low priority may not need to get a shot. </li> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/03/29/1166629853/the-fda-may-soon-authorize-a-spring-round-of-covid-19-boosters-for-some-people">considers</a> the authorization of a second booster for high-risk individuals. </li> <li>Chinese researchers <a href="https://www.science.org/content/article/chinese-researchers-release-genomic-data-help-clarify-origin-covid-19-pandemic">release</a> the genomic data that may shed light on the origins of COVID-19</li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 17 to March 23: China Approves First mRNA Vaccine; Biden Declassifies COVID-19 Origin Intelligence; WHO Calls on China for Data Transparency</h2> March 23 <ul> <li>U.S. President Joe Biden's order that all federal employees must be vaccinated against COVID-19 is <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/appeals-court-blocks-vaccine-mandate-us-govt-workers-98089140">blocked</a> by a federal appeals court. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/23/tech/china-covid-mrna-vaccine-hnk-intl/index.html">approves</a> its first COVID-19 vaccine featuring mRNA technology. Previously approved Chinese-made vaccines all featured inactivated forms of the virus.</li> </ul> March 20 <ul> <li>U.S. President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/03/20/biden-release-covid-19-origin-intelligence-00087723">signs</a> a law declassifying national intelligence regarding the origins of COVID-19. </li> </ul> March 17 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/17/covid-origins-who-urges-china-to-release-data-on-wuhan-market.html">calls</a> on China to release data on the origins of COVID-19. The request comes after China removed the data used to link raccoon dogs in Wuhan to COVID-19 from a public virus database. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 10 to March 16: Genetic Data Linking Virus to Racoon Dogs Emerges; FDA Approves Paxlovid for Those Over Fifty; China Reopens to Foreign Tourists After Three Years</h2> March 16 <ul> <li>A team of virologists <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/16/science/covid-wuhan-market-raccoon-dogs-lab-leak.html">announce</a> they found data linking SARS-CoV-2 to genetic data from racoon dogs in Huanan Seafood WholeSale Market in January 2020. </li> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/16/fda-advisors-recommend-full-approval-of-pfizer-covid-drug-paxlovid.html">approves</a> the recommendation of COVID-19 treatment with Paxlovid for adults over fifty years of age and those at high-risk. </li> </ul> March 14 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-64948594">reopens</a> its borders to foreign tourists for the first time since the pandemic began three years ago. </li> </ul> March 10 <ul> <li>The U.S. House of Representative <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/03/10/1162612886/covid-origins-bill">passes</a> a bill requiring that the director of national intelligence declassify the origin of COVID-19. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 3 to March 9: U.S. to End Testing Requirement for China; WHO Continues Work on COVID Origins; Millions of Vaccine Doses Scrapped in Bulgaria</h2> March 7 <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-set-lift-covid-19-testing-requirements-travelers-china-source-2023-03-08/">announces</a> it will end the testing requirement for travelers coming from China. </li> </ul> March 6 <ul> <li>The Bulgarian health authorities <a href="https://wtop.com/europe/2023/03/bulgaria-scraps-large-quantities-of-expired-covid-vaccines/">call</a> on the European Union to end its contract with biopharmaceutical partnership BioNTech/Pfizer after having to scrap more than five million doses of the COVID-19 vaccine due to poor uptake and excessive supply. </li> </ul> March 3 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/who-still-wants-identify-origins-covid-19-2023-03-03/">continues</a> to work on identifying the origins of COVID-19, with its Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus noting "all hypotheses on the origins of the virus remain on the table."</li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 24 to March 2: Department of Energy Concludes Lab Leak; FDA Proposes In-Person Visits for Frequently Abused Prescriptions; Japan Ends Testing Requirement for China</h2> March 1 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2023/03/5ddf24161915-japan-scraps-covid-19-blanket-testing-of-visitors-from-china.html">ends</a> the blanket COVID-19 testing requirement for travelers coming from mainland China. </li> </ul> February 26  <ul> <li>The U.S. Department of Energy <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-origin-china-lab-leak-807b7b0a">announces</a> its conclusion that the COVID-19 pandemic likely originated from a lab leak. </li> </ul> February 25  <ul> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/feb/25/us-agency-reverse-covid-policy-drugs-oxycontin-adderall">proposes</a> rules requiring patients seeking frequently abused prescription drugs like OxyContin and Adderall to visit doctors in-person. This would reverse a pandemic policy that allowed patients to receive their medications through tele-health appointments. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 17 to February 23: China's "Major Decisive Victory"; Moderna to Pay NIH for Vaccine Technology; Japan Will Phase Out COVID-19-Specific Hospital Beds</h2> February 23  <ul> <li>Biopharmaceutical company Moderna <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/23/science/moderna-covid-vaccine-patent-nih.html">agrees</a> to pay the U.S. National Institutes of Health, along with two American universities, 400 million dollars for its use of a government-produced chemical delivery technique used in its COVID-19 vaccine. </li> <li>The Japanese healthcare system <a href="https://asianews.network/japan-to-eliminate-covid-specific-hospital-beds-within-a-year/">announces</a> it will phase out COVID-19-specific hospital beds within a year. </li> </ul> February 17  <ul> <li>Chinese officials <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/17/china-victory-covid-deaths-virus">declare</a> a "major decisive victory" against COVID-19. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 10 to February 16: Moderna to Keep Vaccine Free for Americans; WHO Pauses COVID Origin Investigation; China Resumes Visa Issuance to South Koreans</h2> February 16  <ul> <li>Biopharmaceutical company Moderna <a href="https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2023/02/15/covid19-vaccine-moderna-pfizer-sanders/">announces</a> American citizens will not have to pay for its COVID-19 vaccine. This comes after news that the price would rise to more than $100 per dose following the end of the U.S. government's vaccine purchase agreement.</li> </ul> February 15  <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2023/2/15/china-to-resume-visas-for-south-koreans-after-covid-row">announces</a> it will resume the issuance of short-term visas to citizens of South Korea, after the South Korean government rescinded travel restrictions on travelers coming from China. </li> </ul> February 14  <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00283-y">allegedly shelves</a> the second phase of its investigation into the origin of COVID-19 following difficulties conducting research in China. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 3 to February 9: Title 42 To Expire Alongside U.S. Public Health Emergency; Australia To Begin Fifth Dose Rollout of COVID Vaccine; CDC Adds COVID Primary Vaccine Series to Recommended Schedule for Children</h2> February 9  <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/09/health/vaccine-recommendations-wellness/index.html">includes </a>the COVID-19 primary vaccine series to the recommended vaccination schedule for children. </li> <li>Japan is <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2023/02/111541db9f92-urgent-japan-to-ease-covid-19-border-controls-on-chinese-travelers-source.html">allegedly transitioning</a> away from blanket testing of all travelers coming from China towards a more selective system of arrival testing.</li> </ul> February 8 <ul> <li>The Biden administration <a href="https://www.kcra.com/article/title-42-to-end-when-covid-19-public-health-emergency-expires/42802224">intends </a>to terminate Title 42, the public health authority allowing officials to turn away migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border, alongside the public health emergency for COVID-19 in May. </li> <li>The Australian health minister <a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/australia-expand-rollout-fifth-covid-19-vaccine-shot-3262036">announces </a>the country will begin roll-out of a fifth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine to all adult citizens who have not contracted the disease or have not been vaccinated in the past six months. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 27 to February 2: U.S. Will Not Extend Public Health Emergency; WHO Extends Public Health Emergency of International Concern Status for COVID; Reports of COVID Aid Fraud from U.S. Government Watchdog</h2> January 30 <ul> <li>U.S. President Biden <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2023/01/30/president-biden-to-end-covid-19-emergencies-on-may-11/">informs </a>Congress that his administration will not seek to renew the public health emergency for COVID-19 after it expires on May 11, 2023. </li> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/30-01-2023-statement-on-the-fourteenth-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-pandemic">announces </a>that COVID-19 continues to constitute a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC).</li> <li>The U.S. Pandemic Response Accountability Committee (PRAC) <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-watchdog-identifies-54-billion-potentially-fraudulent-covid-19-loans-2023-01-30/">reports </a>$5.4 billion in COVID-19 aid may have been awarded to individuals with questionable social security numbers. </li> <li>The Chinese National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) conditionally <a href="https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/news/china-nmpa-oral-drugs-covid-19/">approves </a>two oral therapeutics for COVID-19 treatment.</li> </ul> January 27 <ul> <li>The European Union is <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/eu-may-pay-more-pfizer-covid-shots-return-lower-volume-2023-01-27/">allegedly negotiating</a> with pharmaceutical partnership Pfizer and BioNTech to reduce its vaccine buying commitment in return for a higher price. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 20 to January 26: FDA Votes to Standardize COVID Vaccines; China's CDC Announces Critical COVID Cases Have Dropped; North Korean Capital Pyongyang Begins Five-Day Lockdown</h2> January 26 <ul> <li>A U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) committee <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/01/26/1151810765/fda-committee-votes-to-roll-out-new-covid-vaccination-strategy">votes</a> unanimously to make future COVID-19 vaccines interchangeable. This would mean all vaccine doses, regardless of whether they constitute an original series or a booster, would have identical formulations targeting the same strains. </li> <li>The FDA's Vaccine and Related Biology Products Advisory Committee <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/fda-advisers-raise-doubts-moving-yearly-covid-boosters-rcna67491">expresses</a> doubts about recommending a yearly COVID vaccine, citing too many unknowns. </li> <li>The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/china-says-covid-deaths-severe-cases-fallen-70-percent-rcna67577">announces</a> that critical COVID-19 cases have dropped more than 70% since last month's peak. </li> </ul> January 25 <ul> <li>The North Korean government <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/1/25/five-day-covid-19-lockdown-imposed-in-pyongyang">imposes</a> a five-day lockdown on the capital city Pyongyang following a spike in respiratory illness.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 13 to January 19: China Reports Increase in Deaths After End of Zero-COVID; Johnson & Johnson Scaling Back Vaccine Production; U.S. Department of Justice Asks That Mask Mandate Ban Be Reversed </h2> January 17 <ul> <li>The U.S. Department of Justice <a href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/us-asks-court-reverse-order-banning-airplane-mask-mandate-combat-covid-2023-01-17/">requests</a> that an appeals court reverse an April 2021 ruling banning mask mandates for travel on airplanes, buses, trains, and other modes of transportation. </li> </ul> January 14 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/01/14/covid-news-china-reports-huge-rise-in-deaths-after-who-criticized-data.html">reports</a> almost 60,000 deaths following the end of its zero-COVID policy. This comes after the World Health Organization announced China was likely under-reporting deaths from COVID-19. </li> </ul> January 13 <ul> <li>Johnson & Johnson, a pharmaceutical company that manufactured a single-dose COVID-19 vaccine, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/us-asks-court-reverse-order-banning-airplane-mask-mandate-combat-covid-2023-01-17/">scales</a> back production following a decline in demand.</li> <li>Germany <a href="https://apnews.com/article/health-germany-business-c59be6ccdae5a055a140308f329564a7">announces</a> it will end its mask mandate for long-distance trains and buses on February 2. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 6 to January 12: Tensions Rise as China Retaliates for Negative Test Requirements Globally; China In Talks With Pfizer for Paxlovid Production; U.S. Department of Defense Drops Vaccine Mandate</h2> January 10 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/covid-wave-past-its-peak-many-parts-china-state-media-2023-01-10/">suspends</a> short-term visa issuance in Japan and South Korea. The move is in response to those countries issuing COVID-19 test requirements for travelers coming from China. </li> <li>The U.S. Department of Defense officially <a href="https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/3264323/dod-rescinds-covid-19-vaccination-mandate/">suspends</a> the vaccination requirement for members of the armed forces.</li> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/01/10/1148063709/saudi-arabia-says-this-years-hajj-pilgrimage-will-return-to-pre-covid-levels">announces</a> that the 2023 hajj pilgrimage is expected to reach pre-COVID levels.</li> </ul> January 9 <ul> <li>Thailand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/thailand-rescinds-entry-requirement-proof-covid-vaccination-minister-2023-01-09/">rescinds</a> the negative testing requirement from travelers from China. </li> </ul> January 7 <ul> <li>A spokesperson for the Chinese government <a href="https://www.euronews.com/2023/01/07/tensions-mount-as-beijing-slams-eu-over-mandatory-covid-19-testing-advice">accuses</a> the European Union of discrimination against Chinese citizens following its recommendation that EU member countries require negative tests from travelers from China.</li> </ul> January 6 <ul> <li>The Chinese government <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/china-talks-with-pfizer-generic-covid-drug-sources-2023-01-06/">begins</a> talks with pharmaceutical company Pfizer to produce a generic version of its COVID drug Paxlovid for use in China.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 30 to January 5: EU Supports Testing for Travelers from China; WHO Asks for Data from China; Taiwan Offers Support to China </h2> January 4 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/01/1132167">reiterates</a> requests for comprehensive data sharing and real-time viral sequencing from China. </li> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/european-union-urges-pre-flight-covid-19-tests-on-passengers-from-china">encourages</a> its member states to impose COVID-19 testing requirements for passengers traveling from China. So far, <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/france-spain-to-require-negative-covid-tests-for-china-passengers">France, Spain, and Italy</a> are the only member states to have implemented this requirement. </li> </ul> December 31 <ul> <li>Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/31/asia/china-covid-surge-taiwan-help-intl-hnk/index.html">announces</a> that Taiwan is willing to offer aid to China during its current COVID-19 surge.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 23 to December 29: China Scraps Quarantine but U.S. and Others Mandate COVID-19 Tests</h2> December 29 <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-health-officials-seek-joint-stance-measures-towards-china-2022-12-29/">imposes</a> mandatory COVID-19 testing for those traveling from China, but <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64119080">remains</a> the only member of the European Union to do so to date. </li> </ul> December 28 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-impose-mandatory-covid-19-tests-travelers-china-2022-12-28/">imposes</a> mandatory COVID-19 testing for those traveling from China. This follows similar mandates from <a href="https://apnews.com/article/health-business-china-japan-covid-0935f496eea6a5be28ae0fc5f8a44ea7">Japan</a> and <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/taiwan-test-arrivals-china-covid-jan-1-2022-12-28/">Taiwan</a>. </li> </ul> December 26 <ul> <li>The Chinese National Health Commission <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/12/26/1145541473/china-drops-covid-quarantine-for-airline-passengers">announces</a> that travelers entering China will no longer be required to quarantine.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 16 to December 22: China Changes COVID-19 Death Definition; Indian Airports Begin Random Testing; U.S. Cannot Require Vaccination From Federal Contractors</h2> December 22 <ul> <li>Airports in India <a href="https://apnews.com/article/health-china-india-covid-0e98982320b5d9a16b2c807927abf27c">begin</a> random COVID-19 testing for those traveling internationally, following the uptick in cases in nearby China.</li> </ul> December 21 <ul> <li>The Chinese health ministry <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/china-narrows-criteria-for-covid-19-deaths-included-in-official-count">restricts</a> the criteria for COVID-19 deaths, now only including deaths from pneumonia or respiratory failure in its pandemic death toll.</li> <li>The first batch of foreign COVID vaccines <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/germany-sends-first-batch-biontech-covid-19-vaccines-china-2022-12-21/">are shipped</a> from Germany to China. The German government confirmed these doses will first be administered to German expatriates.</li> </ul> December 19 <ul> <li>A U.S. Court of Appeals <a href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/appeals-court-says-us-cannot-mandate-federal-contractor-covid-19-vaccines-2022-12-19/">rules</a> that the U.S. government cannot make COVID-19 vaccination a condition of its agreements with federal contractors.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 9 to December 15: Biden Administration Relaunches Free COVID Test Program; Senate Scraps Vaccine Mandate for Military; China Stops Publishing Daily Reports Following Easing of Zero-COVID Policy</h2> December 15 <ul> <li>The Joe Biden administration <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/15/us/politics/free-covid-tests-biden.html">restarts</a> a program offering free at-home COVID tests via the postal service. </li> <li>The U.S. Senate <a href="https://apnews.com/article/biden-china-covid-lloyd-austin-12e622d1f07a9fec6ef230114386a6f8">passes</a> a national defense bill which includes rescinding the vaccine mandate for military service members. </li> </ul> December 14 <ul> <li>The Chinese National Health Commission <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/12/14/1142700327/china-reduces-covid-19-case-number-reporting-as-virus-surges">stops</a> publishing daily COVID-19 numbers due to a major decline in PCR testing following the end of the zero-COVID policy. </li> </ul> December 9 <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2022/s1209-covid-vaccine.html">expand</a> use of the bivalent booster to include children from six months to five years old. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 2 to December 8: FDA Approves Omicron Booster for Children Six Months and Older; COVAX to Be Incorporated in Routine Vaccine Programs; China Eases Zero-COVID Policy</h2> December 8 <ul> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/08/fda-authorizes-covid-omicron-vaccines-for-children-as-young-as-6-months-old.html">authorizes</a> COVID-19 vaccines targeting the omicron for children aged six months and older. The agency refrained from approving the vaccine for children who have already received three doses of the Pfizer vaccine, as it is waiting on study completion regarding its usefulness and efficacy.</li> <li>Non-profit vaccine alliance GAVI <a href="https://www.voanews.com/a/gavi-to-integrate-covid-jabs-into-core-vaccine-programs-for-poorer-nations-/6868963.html">announces</a> it will integrate COVAX, the COVID-19 vaccine distribution mechanism for lower- and middle-income countries, into its routine vaccination programs after 2023.</li> </ul> December 5 <ul> <li>The Chinese government <a href="https://apnews.com/article/health-china-beijing-xi-jinping-shanghai-bbf9a33c560aec533dedef95fc2d4c98">begins</a> easing of COVID-19 restrictions, marking the end of the strictest phases of its zero-COVID containment strategy. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 25 to December 1: China Signals Ease of Zero-COVID; Republicans Protest Military Vaccination Policy; Twitter Stops Enforcing COVID-19 Misinformation Policy</h2> December 1 <ul> <li>Chinese vice-premier Sun Chunlan <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/dec/01/chinas-vice-premier-signals-shift-in-covid-stance-as-some-lockdowns-eased">indicates</a> that China's zero-COVID policy may shift away from lockdowns as it "enters a new stage and mission" of its pandemic response.</li> </ul> November 30 <ul> <li>A group of Republicans in the U.S. Congress <a href="https://www.militarytimes.com/news/pentagon-congress/2022/11/30/gop-senators-threaten-to-block-ndaa-over-covid-19-vaccine-mandate/">protest</a> the U.S. military policy of dismissal for unvaccinated service members. </li> </ul> November 29 <ul> <li>Twitter <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/11/29/1139822833/twitter-covid-misinformation-policy-not-enforced">announces</a> it will no longer enforce its COVID-19 misinformation policy. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 18 to November 24: Zhengzhou Placed Under Lockdown; Biden Administration Begins COVID Booster Campaign; China Records First COVID Death in Six Months</h2> November 24 <ul> <li>The Chinese government <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/11/24/1139147636/china-expands-lockdowns-as-covid-19-cases-hit-daily-record">places</a> circa 6.6 million people in the city of Zhengzhou on lockdown following a spike in COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> November 22 <ul> <li>The Joe Biden administration <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/11/22/fact-sheet-biden-administration-announces-six-week-campaign-to-get-more-americans-their-updated-covid-19-vaccine-before-end-of-the-year/">begins</a> a six-week campaign to encourage American citizens to receive a COVID-19 booster shot before the end of the year. </li> </ul> November 20 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/china-announces-1st-covid-19-death-months-93655002">registers</a> its first death from COVID-19 in six months. The last death was recorded on May 26, 2022. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 12 to November 17: G-20 Announces Global Pandemic Fund; Guangzhou Residents Protest Against Lockdown; Biden Administration Requests More COVID Funding</h2> November 16 <ul> <li>Residents of Guangzhou, a city in southern China, <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137066103/in-southern-china-residents-revolt-against-covid-19-controls">march</a> through the streets tearing down barriers as a protest against strict zero-COVID policies.  </li> </ul> November 15 <ul> <li>The Joe Biden administration <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/11/15/white-house-ukraine-covid-19-emergency-funding-00067036">requests</a> an addition 10 billion dollars in emergency health funding to boost COVID-19 response, including vaccine access, therapeutic development, and long COVID research.</li> </ul> November 13 <ul> <li>The Group of 20 (G-20) nations <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-13/g-20-unveils-global-pandemic-fund-to-avoid-repeat-of-covid-19?leadSource=uverify%20wall">announces</a> that 1.4 billion dollars of fundraising will go toward a global pandemic health fund to prevent a repeat of COVID-19.  </li> <li>A Carnival Cruises ship is forced to <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2022/11/13/majestic-princess-cruise-ship-with-over-800-covid-19-positive-passengers-docks-in-australia/?sh=7b4e80603e33">dock</a> early in Australia after more than 800 of its passengers test positive for COVID-19. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 5 to November 11: Sanofi-GSK Booster Approved by EU; Guangzhou Placed on Lockdown; FDA Votes Against Sabizabulin</h2> November 10 <ul> <li>Pharmaceutical companies Sanofi and GSK <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/eu-regulator-approves-sanofis-covid-shot-beta-variant-booster-2022-11-10/">receive </a>approval from the European Union for their jointly-produced COVID booster. </li> </ul> November 9 <ul> <li>The Chinese city of Guangzhou, a global manufacturing hub, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/09/china/china-covid-guangzhou-lockdown-intl-hnk/index.html">enters </a>a lockdown to tackle the worst COVID-19 outbreak the city has seen since the beginning of the pandemic. The day the lockdown began, Guangzhou's 3,007 local infections accounted for more than a third of cases across China.  </li> <li>An advisory panel at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2022/11/09/fda-panel-votes-against-verus-drug-for-severe-covid/">votes </a>against authorizing oral drug sabizabulin for high-risk hospitalized COVID-19 patients due to efficacy and safety concerns. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 29 to November 4: EU and China Seeking Mutual Vaccine Approval; iPhone Factory Placed on Lockdown; Moderna to Face Patent Infringement Suit</h2> November 4 <ul> <li>Per a <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/04/business/germany-china-covid-vaccine.html">statement </a>by German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, the European Union and China are seeking to approve each other's COVID-19 vaccines. </li> <li>Swissmedic, a Swiss drug regulator, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/no-indication-risk-due-covid-19-booster-shot-bubbles-swissmedic-2022-11-04/">announces </a>that recently-discovered bubbles forming in vials of the BionTech-Pfizer's bivalent booster showed no indication of risk. </li> </ul> November 3 <ul> <li>The largest iPhone factory in China, located in Zhengzhou, is <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/01/tech/china-covid-workers-zhengzhou-iphone-factory-hnk-intl/index.html">placed </a>under lockdown per the country's "Zero-COVID" policy. Experts expect the disruption of operations to cause delays with iPhone assembly and shipments worldwide. </li> </ul> November 2 <ul> <li>A U.S. district judge <a href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/moderna-not-us-govt-must-defend-covid-19-vaccine-patent-case-now-2022-11-02/">rules </a>that Moderna will face a patent infringement lawsuit over its COVID-19 vaccine. The biotech company had previously presented to the court that the suit should be brought against the U.S. government. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 22 to October 28: Italy Reinstates Unvaccinated Healthcare Workers; Chinese Inhalable Vaccine Debuted in Shanghai; Biden Announces Measures to Boost Vaccine Uptake</h2> October 28 <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/italy-end-ban-health-workers-not-vaccinated-against-covid-2022-10-28/">announces</a> the end of its ban on unvaccinated healthcare workers. Doctors and nurses who were suspended from working in clinical settings due to their lack of vaccination will be reinstated in the coming days.  </li> <li>The Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/28-10-2022-act-accelerator-launches-six-month-plan-as-world-transitions-to-long-term-covid-19-control">releases</a> its plan to expand research, development, and in-country support for COVID-19 response in the next six months.  </li> </ul> October 26 <ul> <li>The Chinese city of Shanghai <a href="https://apnews.com/article/health-china-shanghai-covid-73054086e649140d3cf6edf77ae4ef73">begins</a> to administer an inhalable version of the COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> October 25 <ul> <li>The Joe Biden administration <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/10/25/fact-sheet-president-biden-to-announce-additional-efforts-to-help-americans-get-their-free-updated-covid-19-vaccine-this-fall/">announces</a> additional measures to support COVID-19 vaccination, including educational campaigns and pop-up clinics.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 15 to October 21: Pfizer to Raise Vaccine Dose Price; Vaccination Slowing on African Continent; Shanghai Will Build New Quarantine Facility</h2> October 21 <ul> <li>Vaccine manufacturer Pharma has <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/pfizer-expects-price-covid-vaccine-110-130-per-dose-2022-10-20/">announced</a> plans to raise the price of the COVID-19 vaccine to around $110 per dose when the U.S. government's ongoing purchase program ends.</li> </ul> October 20 <ul> <li>According to an analysis conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO), vaccine roll-out has <a href="https://www.afro.who.int/news/covid-19-vaccination-roll-out-stagnates-africa">slowed</a> in 27 of the 54 countries on the African continent. Doses administered per month have dropped by over 50 percent since July.  </li> </ul> October 19 <ul> <li>Shanghai will <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/shanghai-island-host-3250-bed-covid-quarantine-facility-2022-10-19/">build</a> a COVID-19 quarantine facility with 3,250 bed capacity in its city center. </li> <li>The European Medical Authority (EMA) <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-recommends-approval-comirnaty-spikevax-covid-19-vaccines-children-6-months-age">recommends</a> approval of the Comirnaty and Spikevax COVID-19 vaccines for children starting at 6 months. Both vaccines are already approved for children starting at five years. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 8 to October 14: U.S. FDA Approves Booster for Children Under 12; Japan Reopens Borders; South Africa Attempts to Break Contract with Johnson & Johnson</h2> October 12 <ul> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2022/10/12/covid-booster-kids-authorized-fda/10468160002/">approves</a> the COVID-19 bivalent booster produced by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna for children between the ages of five and eleven.  </li> </ul> October 10 <ul> <li>Following issues with delivery and low demand for vaccination, the South African government tries to <a href="https://www.devex.com/news/j-j-delays-could-leave-south-africa-paying-for-covid-19-vaccine-doses-104154">break</a> its contract with Johnson & Johnson.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-reopens-tourists-with-shuttered-souvenir-shops-hotel-staff-shortage-2022-10-10/">reinstates</a> visa-free travel to many countries in an attempt to reinvigorate the economy through tourism. Visitors must present proof of vaccination or a negative COVID-19 test taken within seventy-two hours of departure.   </li> <li>Brazil's federal health authority <a href="https://brazilian.report/liveblog/coronavirus/2022/10/10/brazilian-covid-vaccine-trials/">approves</a> Senai Cimatec's COVID-19 vaccine for phase two trials. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 1 to October 7: Afrigen Biologics to Start Animal Testing on New Vaccine; Study Shows Vaccination Linked with Lower Rates of Stillbirth; North Korean Officials Advise Masking</h2> October 6 <ul> <li>The Chinese government <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/05/china/xinjiang-china-covid-lockdown-intl-hnk-mic/index.html">bans</a> residents from leaving the autonomous region of Xinjiang due to an outbreak of COVID-19. </li> </ul> October 5 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization's mRNA Vaccine Technology Transfer Hub, hosted by South African company Afrigen Biologics, will <a href="https://healthpolicy-watch.news/whos-mrna-hub-animal-trial-on-vaccine/">begin</a> animal trials on its COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> October 3 <ul> <li>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/03/us/politics/cdc-covid-travel-advisories.html">suspend</a> country-specific travel bans for COVID-19. </li> <li>A meta-analysis published in JAMA Pediatrics <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2796976">shows</a> strong associations between COVID-19 vaccination and lower rates of stillbirth, lower risks of neonatal intensive care unit admission, and maternal infection. </li> </ul> October 2 <ul> <li>Authorities in North Korea <a href="https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20221002001100315">advise</a> that citizens wear masks as protection against a resurgence of COVID-19. The country had lifted all mask mandates last month.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 24 to September 30: Australia Will End Isolation Requirements; 2022 World Cup Policy Mandates COVID-19 Testing; Study Shows Impact of COVID on Menstrual Cycle </h2> September 30 <ul> <li>Chinese health authorities <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/fewer-trips-chinas-golden-week-amid-quarantine-fears-90755696">advise</a> against cross-province travel for the upcoming "Golden Week" national holiday. </li> <li>Australian authorities <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-63084976">announce</a> that mandatory COVID-19 isolation requirements will end in October. </li> </ul> September 29 <ul> <li>Organizers of the Qatar 2022 World Cup <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/9/29/world-cup-2022-covid-requirements-enter-qatar">announce</a> that visitors will be required to submit negative COVID-19 test results to attend, regardless of vaccination status. </li> </ul> September 28 <ul> <li>A study in the United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-03060-5">analyses</a> how COVID-19 lockdowns altered behaviors in common bird species.     </li> </ul> September 27 <ul> <li>A new study <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/27/well/live/covid-vaccine-periods-delay.html">suggests</a> that the COVID-19 vaccine may temporarily alter the menstrual cycle.   </li> </ul> September 26 <ul> <li>Freight train operations between North Korea and China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/north-korea-china-resume-cross-border-freight-train-operation-yonhap-2022-09-26/">resume</a>, following a five month suspension due to COVID-19.  </li> <li>In an effort to reduce administrative burden, Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/09/26/national/covid-reporting-simplified/">simplifies</a> its COVID-19 reporting system to focus on high-risk and elderly individuals. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 17 to September 23: Joe Biden Calls Pandemic Over; New Dominant Omicron Variant Identified; Quality Issues Impact Moderna Booster Availability </h2> September 23 <ul> <li>Continued quality issues in manufacturing cause <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/moderna-covid-19-booster-shortage-leads-to-fewer-appointments-at-pharmacies-11663928093">shortages</a> in Moderna booster shot availability. </li> </ul> September 22 <ul> <li>Days after President Joe Biden's comments on the pandemic, WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-22/who-says-pandemic-isn-t-done-after-biden-called-it-over-in-us">notes</a> that "being able to see the end does not mean we are at the end."</li> </ul> September 20 <ul> <li>Data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows <a href="https://fortune.com/well/2022/09/20/bf-7-new-covid-subvariant-rising-in-united-states-us-omicron-centaurus/">evidence</a> that a new Omicron variant named BF.7 has emerged as the top strain of COVID-19.   </li> </ul> September 19 <ul> <li>White House officials <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/19/politics/biden-covid-pandemic-over/index.html">confirm</a> that federal COVID-19 policies, including the public health emergency declaration, will remain unchanged. </li> </ul> September 18 <ul> <li>In a 60 Minutes interview, President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MIQz0fsX38U">says</a> "the pandemic is over," prompting a flurry of responses from <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2022/09/19/is-the-covid-19-pandemic-over-the-answer-is-more-art-than-science/">journalists</a> and <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/cdc-director-weighs-pandemic-bivalent-covid-shot-critically/story?id=90323875">health professionals</a>, including that of Chief Medical Advisor to the President <a href="https://www.csis.org/events/future-outlook-dr-anthony-fauci">Anthony Fauci</a>. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 10 to September 16: 'Zero-COVID' Lockdowns Drag on on Tibet and Xinjiang; Xi Jinping Makes First International Trip Since the Start of the Pandemic; Shrunken U.S. Labor Force</h2> September 16 <ul> <li>China's 'Zero-COVID' policies take particular toll on Tibet and Xinjiang, where <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/16/world/asia/tibet-covid-lockdown.html?searchResultPosition=13">lockdowns</a> have dragged on for months and are accompanied by other repressive policies.  </li> </ul> September 14 <ul> <li>World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/09/1126621">says</a> "We have never been in a better position to end the pandemic," but warned that if the world does not take the opportunity now, there is still a risk of more variants, deaths, disruption, and uncertainty.</li> <li>Chinese leader Xi Jinping <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/14/world/asia/xi-jinping-putin-china.html?searchResultPosition=1">made</a> his first international appearance since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. </li> </ul> September 12 <ul> <li>New <a href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w30435">study</a> <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-illnesses-are-keeping-at-least-500-000-workers-out-of-u-s-labor-force-study-says-11662955321?mod=Searchresults_pos5&page=1">suggests</a> that COVID-19 shrank the U.S. labor force by around 500,000 people due to lack of childcare, fear of COVID-19 and other reasons.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 2 to September 9: Possible Vaccinations in North Korea; China and India Roll Out Needle-Free COVID Vaccines; Winter Without Restrictions in Denmark</h2> September 8 <ul> <li>New life expectancy data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/08/briefing/covid-death-toll-native-americans.html?searchResultPosition=28">shows</a> the disproportionate toll of COVID-19 on American Indians and Alaska Natives. </li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-extends-covid-19-vaccine-mandate-to-children-as-young-as-5-years-11662639118?mod=Searchresults_pos11&page=2">expands</a> vaccine mandate to children as young as 5. </li> <li>North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/kim-jong-un-suggests-nkorea-may-begin-covid-vaccinations-2022-09-09/">suggests</a> North Korea may begin administering COVID-19 vaccinations in November. </li> </ul> September 6 <ul> <li>Almost 8 million children ages 18 and younger lost a parent or primary caregiver to COVID-19-related causes, according to new <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2795650">research</a> reported in JAMA Pediatrics. Children in India, Indonesia, Egypt, Nigeria, and Pakistan were affected most.</li> <li>India and China <a href="https://apnews.com/article/covid-science-health-china-0cfbcd23fa9ff0eb4e2217126a3475ae">approve</a> two new needle-free COVID-19 vaccines, one administered nasally and the other orally. </li> <li>United States <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-plans-shift-to-annual-covid-shots-as-new-boosters-roll-out-11662484424?mod=Searchresults_pos3&page=1">plans</a> to offer annual COVID-19 booster shots. </li> </ul> September 3 <ul> <li>The Chinese city of Shenzen <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/shenzhen-tells-most-residents-to-stay-home-as-covid-19-controls-tighten-across-china-11662206794?mod=Searchresults_pos4&page=1">shuts down</a> the city center and issues stay-at-home orders to prevent the spread of COVID ahead of the Communist Party Congress. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-reports-50000-covid-19-cases-second-day-running-2022-09-03/">reports</a> 50,000 daily COVID-19 cases for second day running. </li> </ul> September 2 <ul> <li>Denmark's Health Minister <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/denmark-receive-45-mln-newly-approved-covid-booster-shots-sep-2022-09-02/">anticipates</a> a winter without COVID-19 restrictions. </li> <li>Women and girls <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/nkorea-denounces-new-un-human-rights-expert-biased-2022-09-02/">affected</a> disproportionately by North Korea's COVID rules which hamper their ability to provide food for themselves and their families, according to a UN expert. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 26 to September 1: Moderna Sues Pfizer and BioNTech; Lingering Protests in Australia and New Zealand; Millions Under Lockdown in China</h2> September 1 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/01/world/asia/china-covid-lockdown-chengdu.html?searchResultPosition=139">locks down</a> city of Chengdu as it continues it's 'Zero-COVID' policy. </li> <li>CDC <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/01/health/covid-omicron-vaccines.html?searchResultPosition=121">recommend</a> updated booster shots for the majority of Americans. </li> <li>European Medicines Agency <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-regulator-backs-use-novavax-covid-shot-booster-2022-09-01/">backs</a> use of Novavax vaccine as a booster. </li> </ul> August 31 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/08/1125912">calls</a> for people to get vaccinated and boosted ahead of a predicted 'winter surge' of COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> August 30 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/millions-in-new-covid-lockdown-as-china-keeps-strict-policy/2022/08/30/678bdd98-2857-11ed-a90a-fce4015dfc8f_story.html">places</a> millions under lockdown as part of its 'Zero-COVID' strategy. </li> </ul> August 28 <ul> <li>Health workers and community organizers <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/28/health/covid-vaccines-money.html?searchResultPosition=15">raise questions</a> about how the United States will roll out omicron specific boosters in the fall now that funding to disseminate them has dried up. </li> </ul> August 26 <ul> <li>Moderna <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/26/business/moderna-covid-vaccine-lawsuit.html?searchResultPosition=29">sues</a> Pfizer and BioNTech for allegedly copying its COVID-19 vaccine technology. </li> <li>Despite the fact that Australia and New Zealand have rolled back almost all of their pandemic restrictions, protests against them <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/26/world/australia/covid-disinformation-australia-new-zealand.html?searchResultPosition=32">persist</a>, in part due to lingering disinformation. </li> </ul> August 25 <ul> <li>World <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/08/1125462">reaches</a> tragic milestone of one million COVID-19 deaths so far in 2022. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 19 to August 25: Dr. Fauci to Leave Government Service; Philippines Return to In-Person Schooling</h2> August 24 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-pm-kishida-brief-about-new-measures-handling-covid-kyodo-2022-08-24/">announces</a> it will no longer require pre-departure COVID-19 tests for international travelers. </li> <li>WHO Regional Committee for Africa <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/08/1125302">meets</a> in Lomé, Togo to discuss how to bolster Africa's healthcare systems, better respond to outbreaks, and achieve universal health care following COVID-19.</li> </ul> August 23 <ul> <li>Singapore to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/singapore-drop-most-indoor-mask-requirements-next-week-2022-08-24/">drop</a> most indoor mask requirements.</li> </ul> August 22 <ul> <li>Dr. Anthony Fauci <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/22/us/politics/fauci-retire.html?searchResultPosition=92">announces</a> that he will leave government service before the end of the year after advising seven U.S.  presidents.</li> <li>The Philippines <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/22/world/asia/philippines-covid-school-shutdown-ends.html?searchResultPosition=93">returns</a> to in-person schooling, ending one of the world's longest shutdowns.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-says-covid-has-exacerbated-decline-births-marriages-2022-08-23/">says</a> COVID-19 contributed to the decline in births and marriages. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 12 to August 18: UK Approves New Moderna Vaccine; Free Boosters in India; Brazilian President Accused of Spreading COVID-19 Disinformation</h2> August 18 <ul> <li>Madhya Pradesh, India, <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/free-vax-effect-shots-count-up-from-55000-in-3-months-to-43-lakh-in-just-4-weeks/articleshow/93627025.cms">sees</a> a dramatic spike in COVID-19 booster vaccinations after the vaccines were made free. Previously, when people had to pay for boosters themselves, the state administered only 55,000 doses to people aged 18-59, but boosters shot up to over 4.2 million in just three weeks after the doses were made free. </li> <li>World Health Organization (WHO) <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/who-recommends-valnevas-covid-vaccine-2022-08-18/">recommends</a> French vaccine-maker Valneva's COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> August 17 <ul> <li>Director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Rochelle Walensky <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/17/us/politics/cdc-rochelle-walensky-covid.html">calls</a> for the agency to be reorganized due to its shortcomings in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. </li> <li>Brazil's Federal Police <a href="discouraging mask use during the pandemic and falsely suggesting that people who got vaccinated against COVID-19 ran the risk of contracting AIDS.">accuse</a> President Jair Bolsonaro of discouraging mask use during the pandemic and falsely suggesting that people who got vaccinated against COVID-19 ran the risk of contracting AIDS, which could constitute crimes. </li> <li>Russia's daily COVID-19 cases <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/russias-daily-covid-cases-cross-30000-first-time-since-mid-march-2022-08-17/">surpass</a> 30,000 for the first time since March 2022. </li> </ul> August 16 <ul> <li>The Marshall Islands, which didn't record a single COVID-19 case in 2021, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/16/world/asia/marshall-islands-covid-outbreak.html?searchResultPosition=52">experience</a> outbreak.</li> </ul> August 15 <ul> <li><a href="https://www.cell.com/cell-reports-medicine/fulltext/S2666-3791(22)00271-3">Study</a> <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/bcg-vaccine-for-tuberculosis-offers-covid-19-protection-study-suggests-11660565173?mod=Searchresults_pos7&page=1">suggests</a> that BCG tuberculosis vaccine may boost immunity against COVID-19. </li> <li>United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/15/health/uk-covid-booster-variants.html?searchResultPosition=67">approves</a> Moderna booster shot that targets two variants. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 5 to August 11: North Korea Declares Outbreak Over; Hong Kong Cuts Quarantine for Travelers; Death Toll in Russia Exceeds 820,000</h2> August 11 <ul> <li>North Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/11/world/asia/north-korea-covid.html?searchResultPosition=7">declares</a> its COVID-19 outbreak is over, although experts have cast doubt on this and other COVID-19-related claims. Since March 2020, North Korea has reported 4.7 million cases of people developing a high fever, but has not linked those cases with COVID-19, and has recorded just 74 deaths.</li> <li>The African Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) have been in talks with buyers to facilitate purchases of South Africa's <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/08/11/africa-cdc-hopeful-aspen-will-get-covid-vaccine-orders/">Aspen COVID-19 vaccine</a> and is hopeful that purchases will come through soon. </li> <li>The CDC <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/cdc-drops-quarantine-recommendation-following-covid-19-exposure-11660244410?mod=Searchresults_pos3&page=1">relaxes</a> COVID-19 guidelines and quarantine requirements for those exposed to COVID-19, including in schools.</li> </ul> August 8 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/most-parents-are-saying-no-to-covid-19-vaccines-for-toddlers-11659887903?mod=Searchresults_pos10&page=2">sees</a> very low uptake in COVID-19 vaccines among toddlers, despite their availability.</li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-cuts-quarantine-to-3-days-seeks-exit-from-covid-isolation-11659927273?mod=Searchresults_pos19&page=1">cuts</a> quarantine for inbound travelers to three days. </li> <li>Covid-19 <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-lockdown-angers-tourists-in-china-beach-resort-city-11659962746?mod=Searchresults_pos8&page=1">outbreak</a> in the resort town of Sanya, China has left tens of thousands of tourists stranded due to quarantine restrictions and the closure of the airport. </li> <li>Novavax <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/poor-demand-for-its-covid-vaccine-prompts-novavax-to-cut-sales-forecast-11659988921?mod=Searchresults_pos6&page=1">cuts</a> its sales forecast due to low demand for its newly-approved COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> August 6 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/08/06/national/japan-coronavirus-omicron-vaccine/">signals</a> interest in omicron-specific vaccines under development by Pfizer and Moderna for use as early as October. </li> </ul> August 5 <ul> <li>The seven-day average for people hospitalized with COVID-19 has recently <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/latest-covid-19-wave-shows-signs-of-easing-11659711851?mod=Searchresults_pos7&page=1">flattened</a>, suggesting that the omicron BA.5 wave may be waning in the United States.</li> <li>Russia's official COVID-19 death toll <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-official-toll-covid-related-deaths-exceeds-820000-2022-08-05/">exceeds</a> 820,000.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 29 to August 4: Rare Vaccine Death Reported in South Africa; Toddlers Eligible for Vaccination in Hong Kong; Surge of Cases in Japan</h2> August 4 <ul> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-africa-reports-first-death-causally-linked-covid-vaccine-2022-08-04/">reports</a> first death causally linked to COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> August 3 <ul> <li>Eli Lilly's <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/eli-lillys-covid-19-antibody-treatment-to-be-sold-commercially-11659553892?mod=Searchresults_pos9&page=1">antibody treatment</a> for COVID-19 will now be sold commercially, instead of under the auspices of the U.S. Federal Government.</li> <li>European Union <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/eu-regulator-says-novavax-covid-vaccine-should-carry-side-effect-warning-2022-08-03/">says</a> Novovax's COVID-19 vaccine must carry warning about heart-related side effects. </li> </ul> August 1 <ul> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/hong-kongs-covid-19-advisory-panel-recommends-vaccine-kids-above-six-months-old-2022-08-01/">lowers</a> minimum age to receive a COVID-19 vaccine to 6 months.</li> <li>Macau <a href="https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/macao-eases-covid19-restrictions-intl-hnk/index.html">eases</a> COVID-19 restrictions. </li> </ul> July 29 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-free-up-local-officials-battle-new-covid-variant-kyodo-2022-07-29/">encourages</a> regions to institute more public health measures in response to a COVID-19 wave and a spike in hospitalizations, but opts not to introduce federal measures. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 22 to July 28: Dwindling Supplies of Russia's Sputnik Light Vaccine; China Locks Down Wuhan; Wide Racial Disparities in U.S. COVID Deaths</h2> July 28 <ul> <li>U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/28/us/politics/covid-booster-shots.html?searchResultPosition=1">advises</a> Americans under 50 to wait until September for second booster shots. </li> <li>New <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.07.20.22277872v1">research</a> <a href=" new research has found, Covid killed Black and Hispanic people at considerably higher rates than it did their white neighbors">suggests</a> that at the peak of the omicron wave, COVID-19 killed Black and Hispanic people in the rural United States at considerably higher rates than it did their white neighbors.</li> </ul> July 27 <ul> <li>Supplies of Russia's one-dose Sputnik Light vaccine <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/07/27/supplies-of-russias-sputnik-light-covid-booster-run-dry-a78416">run dry</a> in many parts of the country.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinas-wuhan-locks-down-district-with-one-million-people-11658927565?mod=Searchresults_pos19&page=2">locks down</a> district of one million people in Wuhan after four asymptomatic cases were reported. </li> </ul> July 25 <ul> <li>China's <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinas-zero-covid-policy-drags-on-vaccination-drive-11658745899?mod=Searchresults_pos1&page=7">slow progress</a> in vaccinating elderly and vulnerable populations may be prolonging it's 'Zero-COVID' strategy.</li> </ul> July 24 <ul> <li>U.S. lab companies <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-lab-companies-retrench-as-rapid-tests-take-over-11658655002?mod=Searchresults_pos14&page=7">report</a> shrinking capacity for PCR tests as demand has fallen and people have switched to at-home antigen tests.</li> </ul> July 22 <ul> <li>Africa CDC to <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/22/africas-top-public-health-body-gets-100-million-from-the-world-bank-to-strengthen-prepared/">receive</a> $100 million in funds from the World Bank to strengthen public health emergency response and preparedness. </li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/22/south-africa-no-covid-new-variant-anticipated/">rolls back</a> most COVID-19 measures citing sufficient availability of treatment and vaccines. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 15 to July 21: COVID Pill Approval Delayed in Japan; Routine Childhood Vaccination Stalls; 2 Billion Vaccinated Against COVID-19 in India</h2> July 21  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Australia <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/world/australia/australia-covid-restrictions.html?searchResultPosition=3">resists</a> returning to COVID restrictions as hospitalizations surge but <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/australia-reinstates-covid-quarantine-pay-amid-fresh-omicron-wave-2022-07-16/">reinstates</a> quarantine pay.</li> </ul> July 20  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Macau casinos set to <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/macau-casinos-to-reopen-saturday-after-covid-19-shutdown-11658331404?page=2">reopen</a> after COVID-19 lockdown.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 cases in China <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-covid-19-cases-hit-two-month-high-11658307755?page=3">reach</a> two-month high at 906 new locally transmitted cases across mainland China up from 643 cases the day before. Chinese community health workers in the city of Guangzhou <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/20/world/asia/china-covid.html?searchResultPosition=28">apologize</a> for breaking into homes in search of COVID-19 cases. </li> <li lang="EN-US">United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/20/us/politics/hhs-aspr-biden.html?searchResultPosition=15">creates</a> a new division within its Department of Health and Human Services to coordinate the nation’s response to pandemic threats and other health emergencies. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Multisystem inflammatory syndrome, a symptom of COVID-19, is <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-complication-among-children-fades-in-latest-wave-of-virus-11658307276?page=3">afflicting</a> far fewer children as a proportion of known COVID-19 cases than during earlier waves of the pandemic, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Japan's health regulator <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/07/20/national/science-health/shionogi-covid-pill-postponed/">delays</a> decision on emergency approval for Shionogi's COVID pill.  </li> </ul> July 19  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Novavax vaccine <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/19/health/cdc-novavax-covid-vaccine.html?searchResultPosition=46">approved</a> in the United States for use in people who have not yet been vaccinated. </li> </ul> July 18  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">North Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/nkorea-says-it-is-nearing-end-covid-crisis-asian-neighbours-fight-resurgence-2022-07-18/">announces</a> it is nearing the end of its COVID crisis as cases rise in neighboring countries.  </li> </ul> July 17  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-covid-vaccinations-hit-2-bln-new-cases-four-month-high-2022-07-17/">reaches</a> 2 billion vaccinated people. </li> </ul> July 15  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/07/1122592">fuels</a> slowest rates of routine childhood vaccination globally in nearly three decades, as rates fell to 81 percent. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 8 to July 14: Vaccine Approvals; Second Boosters in EU and United States; Casinos Turned COVID Wards in Macau</h2> July 14  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Canada <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/canada-approves-moderna-covid-19-shot-for-preschoolers/2022/07/14/fc77c646-037d-11ed-8beb-2b4e481b1500_story.html">approves</a> Moderna vaccine for preschoolers and will <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/14/world/canada/canada-covid-testing-travel-airports.html?searchResultPosition=111">reinstate</a> random COVID testing for air travelers.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Korea's COVID-19 cases more than <a href="https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20220714002553320?section=business/health">double</a> in the course of a week to almost 40,000. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/07/14/national/travel-program-postponed-covid/">encourages</a> booster shots as COVID cases rise. While about 80 percent of those in their teens, 20s, and 30s have been twice vaccinated, only about 3 percent to 5 percent have received a third booster shot. </li> </ul> July 13  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">A surge of cases in Shanghai <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/13/world/asia/shanghai-covid-lockdown.html?searchResultPosition=36">raises</a> fears of another lockdown. </li> <li lang="EN-US">New Zealand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/new-zealand-announces-free-masks-tests-health-system-struggles-with-covid-2022-07-14/">offers</a> free masks and test kits as its health system struggles to cope with an influx of COVID patients. </li> </ul> July 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Three cities in China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/11/world/asia/china-shutdown-macau-casino.html?searchResultPosition=70">impose</a> partial lockdowns after new cases are reported.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Kenya <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/11/solar-powered-health-truck-delivers-covid-19-vaccines-to-remote-areas/">employs</a> solar-powered health truck to bring vaccines to those in remote villages.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/11/science/novavax-covid-vaccine.html?searchResultPosition=69">announces</a> purchase of 3.2 million Novavax vaccines after the vaccine receives authorization from the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  </li> <li lang="EN-US">European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/11/world/europe/europe-second-covid-booster.html?searchResultPosition=66">calls</a> for second booster shots for those 60 and older. The United States also <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/11/us/politics/second-covid-booster.html?searchResultPosition=57">considers</a> second boosters for those under 50.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna to <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/moderna-is-developing-two-different-omicron-targeting-booster-shots-11657554383?mod=Searchresults_pos16&page=4">develop</a> two different omicron-specific booster shots.  </li> </ul> July 10  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Macau <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/macau-shuts-casinos-as-city-enters-weeklong-lockdown-11657460218?mod=Searchresults_pos12&page=5">shutters</a> casinos and enters lockdown as COVID cases surge, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/macau-adds-more-casino-hotels-use-covid-medical-facilities-2022-07-08/">repurposing</a> some casinos as health facilities. </li> </ul> July 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">FDA <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/fda-fully-approves-pfizers-covid-vaccine-for-adolescents-11657315293?mod=Searchresults_pos2&page=6">approves</a> Pfizer vaccine for use in adolescents. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 1 to July 7: Cases Spike in Bangladesh; Antiviral Treatments for Africa; Millions of Vaccines Discarded</h2> July 7  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Bangladesh <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/07/world/asia/bangladesh-eid-covid.html?searchResultPosition=3">sees</a> spike in COVID-19 cases ahead of Eid al-Adha celebrations. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/hong-kong-lifts-flight-ban-citing-little-effect-on-covid/2022/07/07/81882cd0-fdc1-11ec-b39d-71309168014b_story.html">lifts</a> COVID-19-related flight restrictions.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Beijing <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/07/world/asia/beijing-vaccine-pass.html?searchResultPosition=6">institutes</a> a local vaccine passport and institutes vaccine requirements for certain public spaces.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/7/7/africa-cdc-signs-with-pfizer-for-covid-pill-for-african-countries">signs</a> Memorandum of Understanding with Pfizer to provide antiviral treatments.  </li> </ul> July 6  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Europe is at the center of a new COVID wave, <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-07-06/europe-is-at-center-of-new-wave-of-covid-infections-who-says">according</a> to the World Health Organization (WHO). </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO Director-General <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/07/1122072">urges</a> Pfizer to make COVID-19 antiviral treatments available in low- and middle-income countries.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">A new <a href="https://evidence.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/EVIDoa2200145">study</a> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/06/health/covid-drug-cancer-sabizabulin.html?searchResultPosition=28">suggests</a> a cancer drug could be effective at treating COVID-19.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. pharmacists now <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/06/business/fda-paxlovid-prescriptions-pharmacies.html?searchResultPosition=22">authorized</a> to prescribe Pfizer antiviral COVID medicine Paxlovid.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Western governments <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-vaccine-doses-once-in-high-demand-now-thrown-away-11657105202?mod=Searchresults_pos16&page=1">discard</a> millions of unused COVID-19 vaccines as demand for vaccines declines.</li> </ul> July 4  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/students-worldwide-suffer-education-setbacks-from-pandemic-school-closures">causes</a> long-term educational setbacks for students in Venezuela, Uganda, and India, among others.  </li> </ul> July 3  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Countries like Japan and Australia <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/merck-covid-19-pill-prescribed-frequently-in-some-countries-despite-low-efficacy-11656846180?mod=Searchresults_pos18&page=4">continue</a> to prescribe Merck’s COVID-19 antiviral drug Lagevrio rather than Pfizer’s Paxlovid despite its lower efficacy in an attempt to avoid adverse drug reactions. </li> </ul> July 1  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">North Korean authorities implausibly <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/north-korea-blames-alien-things-from-south-for-covid-19-outbreak-11656669974?mod=Searchresults_pos9&page=6">attribute</a> the country's COVID-19 outbreak to contact with balloons sent over the border from South Korea as North Korea continues to likely underreport cases.  </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of June 25 to June 30: Bhutan to Reopen to Tourists; Taiwan to Receive Novavax Vaccines; China Halves Quarantine Time for Travelers</h2> June 30  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Bhutan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bhutan-welcome-tourists-who-can-spend-first-time-since-covid-2022-06-30/">announces</a> it will reopen to tourists for the first time since March 2020. </li> </ul> June 29  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) <a href="https://www.paho.org/en/news/29-6-2022-covid-19-cases-continue-rise-americas-many-are-risk-developing-post-covid-condition#:~:text=Washington%20D.C.%2029%20June%202022,term%20impact%20of%20post%2DCOVID">sounds</a> the alarm about rising cases in the Americas and the 224 million people in the region who have yet to be vaccinated. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Taiwan to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/taiwan-receive-first-doses-novavax-covid-vaccine-this-week-2022-06-29/">receive</a> first shipment of Novavax vaccines through COVAX. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/us-buys-105-million-covid-vaccine-doses-for-fall-campaign/2022/06/29/cdf109e0-f7fc-11ec-81db-ac07a394a86b_story.html">purchases</a> 105 million doses of Pfizer vaccine for a nationwide booster campaign as federal funding for antiviral treatments <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-supply-of-effective-covid-antibody-drug-dwindling-11656500402?mod=Searchresults_pos12&page=2">dwindles</a>. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Mauritius <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/06/29/covid-19-restrictions-lifted-in-mauritius/">rolls back</a> most pandemic-related restrictions. </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/06/1121682">estimates</a> that BA.4 and BA.5 omicron subvariants have driven a 20 percent rise in cases.  </li> </ul> June 28  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">BA.4 and BA.5 omicron subvariants <a href="https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions">become</a> dominant in the United States, according to the CDC. </li> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/28/world/asia/china-covid-quarantine.html?searchResultPosition=25">halves</a> quarantine time for international travelers. </li> </ul> June 27  <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/france-asks-citizens-wear-masks-again-public-transport-2022-06-27/">reinstates</a> mask mandate on public transportation as it faces <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/france-is-facing-new-covid-19-wave-french-vaccination-chief-2022-06-22/">new wave.</a> </li> <li>Pakistan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-orders-masks-domestic-flights-covid-numbers-rise-2022-06-27/">requires</a> masks on domestic flights as cases rise. </li> </ul> June 26  <ul> <li>Shanghai will gradually <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/shanghai-will-gradually-resume-dining-in-restaurants-june-29-2022-06-26/">reinstate</a> indoor dining.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 18 to June 24: Austria Repeals Vaccine Mandate; Doubts Cast on Sputnik V, Inequities in Antiviral Treatments</h2> June 23  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/safrica-repeals-covid-rules-mask-wearing-gatherings-entry-2022-06-23/">rolls back</a> COVID-19 restrictions as fifth wave wanes.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Macau <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/macau-extends-covid-shutdown-city-casinos-stay-open-2022-06-23/">institutes</a> strict COVID restrictions including mass testing and closure of public spaces, while its casinos remain open. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Austria <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/23/world/europe/austria-covid-vaccine-mandate.html?searchResultPosition=43">repeals</a> vaccine mandate after failing to enforce it.</li> </ul> June 22  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">COVAX <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/covid-19-vaccine-scheme-worlds-poorest-pushes-delivery-slowdown-2022-06-22/">calls for</a> slowdown in vaccine delivery for low- and middle-income countries due to oversupply.</li> </ul> June 20  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">New study <a href="https://journals.lww.com/americantherapeutics/Abstract/9900/Plausibility_of_Claimed_Covid_19_Vaccine.47.aspx">casts doubt</a> on the data from the initial clinical trials conducted on Russia's Sputnik V vaccine, saying the efficacy numbers are too consistent to have come from a real trial.</li> </ul> June 21  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">A study by the CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7125e1.htm?s_cid=mm7125e1_w">shows</a> that antiviral drugs for treating COVID-19 are inequitably prescribed and are disproportionately used in low-risk, high-income zip codes.</li> </ul> June 18  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Cuba <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/06/18/cuba-coronavirus-vaccine-abdala-soberana/">credited</a> with success in vaccinating young children with its domestically produced vaccine.</li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of June 11 to June 17: FDA Approves Vaccines for Young Children, WTO Achieves Patent Waivers, Zimbabwe Nurses Strike</h2> June 17  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines for children as young as six months old.</li> <li lang="EN-US">New Lancet <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(22)00941-2/fulltext">study</a> suggests delta strain is more likely to cause long COVID than omicron. </li> <li lang="EN-US">World Trade Organization (WTO) <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/wto-nations-agree-to-ease-patent-rights-to-boost-covid-19-vaccine-supplies-in-poorer-nations-11655441416?mod=Searchresults_pos1&page=1">reaches</a> agreement over patent waivers for COVID-19 vaccines for use in low- and middle-income countries. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Zimbabwe nurses <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/zimbabwe-nurses-start-strike-monday-over-pay-2022-06-16/">strike</a> for the second time due to low pay and pandemic burnout.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Thailand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/thailand-eases-entry-rules-tourists-scraps-mask-policy-2022-06-17/">eases</a> COVID-related travel restrictions and mask mandates </li> </ul> June 16  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong authorities are <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-one-chinese-city-protesters-find-themselves-thwarted-by-a-red-health-code-11655437726?mod=Searchresults_pos15&page=1">accused</a> of using a COVID-19 health app to quash a protest. </li> <li lang="EN-US">African nations see progress in vaccinating vulnerable populations such as health workers and the elderly, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). </li> </ul> June 15  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/15/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-covid-hajj-pilgrims.html?searchResultPosition=41">eases</a> some COVID-19 restrictions ahead of the hajj season in which as many as a million people are expected to make pilgrimages to the cities of Mecca and Medina </li> </ul> June 14  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">World Bank <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/6/14/world-bank-approves-474-mln-loan-to-s-africa-for-covid-vaccines">loans</a> South Africa $474 million to purchase COVID-19 vaccines.</li> </ul> June 13  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">A new <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-variant-shot-from-sanofi-gsk-shows-strong-response-to-omicron-in-studies-11655129710?mod=Searchresults_pos5&page=5">vaccine</a> designed by Sanofi and GSK PLC to combat the beta variant shows promise according to two new studies. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Japan <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/japan-has-fewest-covid-19-deaths-per-capita-in-oecd-new-data-show-11655116829?mod=Searchresults_pos10&page=5">sports</a> the lowest COVID-19 fatality rate among wealthy nations according to new data. </li> </ul> June 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Taiwan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/taiwan-cut-covid-related-quarantine-arrivals-3-days-2022-06-11/">cuts</a> quarantine time for incoming travelers from seven days to three </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of June 4 to June 10: COVID-19 Corruption Scandal in Vietnam; Patent Waivers in Sight; Egypt to Provide Vaccines to African States</h2> June 10  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/us-lifts-covid-19-test-requirement-for-international-travel/2022/06/10/8a0bea12-e8c3-11ec-a422-11bbb91db30b_story.html">lifts</a> COVID-19 testing restrictions for international travelers. </li> </ul> June 9  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Vietnam's Health Minister and the Mayor of Hanoi were <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/09/world/asia/vietnam-covid-test-scandal.html?searchResultPosition=21">removed</a> from their posts due to involvement in a COVID-19 test scandal that has led to charges against dozens of officials. </li> <li lang="EN-US">World Health Organization (WHO) <a href="https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/scientific-advisory-group-on-the-origins-of-novel-pathogens-report">releases</a> a preliminary report on the origins of COVID-19. </li> </ul> June 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/08/us/politics/moderna-vaccine-booster-omicron-variant.html?searchResultPosition=40">says</a> new trial results show that a revised vaccine works better against omicron. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The head of the World Trade Organization (WTO) <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/wto-chief-says-deals-within-reach-ahead-geneva-meeting-2022-06-08/">signals</a> optimism about COVID-19 patent waivers for low- and middle-income countries ahead of WTO meeting on June 12-15. </li> </ul> June 7  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advisers <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2022/06/07/fda-advisers-recommend-authorization-of-novavaxs-covid-19-vaccine/">recommend</a> authorization of Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine, which provides a more traditional alternative to an mRNA vaccine.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-open-tourists-after-two-years-only-with-masks-insurance-guides-2022-06-07/">opens</a> its borders to international travelers with masks, insurance, and <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/0307cf87-5500-4fd8-80c5-b94e75df6688">chaperones</a>. </li> </ul> June 6  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Egypt <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/06/06/egypt-pledges-30-mln-covid-19-vaccine-doses-to-african-states/">pledges</a> 30 million COVID-19 vaccine doses to African states. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Uganda's Health Minister <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/06/06/uganda-covid-cases-on-the-rise-again-minister/">raises</a> the alarm about rising COVID-19 cases.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Beijing <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/06/business/beijing-covid-rules.html?searchResultPosition=66">relaxes</a> COVID-19 restrictions, while Shanghai <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/shanghai-faces-unexpected-round-covid-testing-most-residents-2022-06-09/">prepares</a> millions of residents for mass testing. </li> </ul> June 4  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-approves-biological-e-covid-shot-booster-2022-06-04/">approves</a> Biological E. COVID shot as a booster. </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of May 28 to June 3: North Korea Relaxes COVID-19 Restrictions; Shanghai Reopens; Successful Vaccination Drive in Cuba</h2> June 3  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">North Korea <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/06/03/north-korea-covid-outbreak-information/">relaxes</a> COVID-19 restrictions, despite worries from international observers who suspect high numbers of unreported cases. </li> </ul> June 2  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/moderna-eu-push-back-covid-vaccine-delivery-by-several-months-2022-06-02/">announces</a> several-month delay in vaccine deliveries to EU. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Portugal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/omicron-sub-variant-fuels-portugals-covid-19-surge-2022-06-02/">experiences</a> a surge in COVID-19 cases driven by an omicron sub-variant. </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/06/1119572">forecasts</a> a dramatic drop in COVID-19 cases in Africa but warns to be vigilant anyway. </li> </ul> June 1  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Shanghai <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/01/briefing/shanghai-reopens.html?searchResultPosition=19">reopens</a> after weeks of strict quarantine.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/01/world/africa/omicron-south-africa-antibodies.html?searchResultPosition=21">experiences</a> a surge in cases despite most people having antibodies. </li> <li lang="EN-US">PAHO <a href="https://www.paho.org/en/news/1-6-2022-covid-19-cases-rise-americas-countries-also-face-threat-seasonal-flu-hurricanes-paho">urges</a> increased vigilance around viral diseases, including COVID-19 as influenza and hurricane seasons approach. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Brazil <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/brazil-has-a-model-for-reversing-the-pandemics-toll-on-schools/2022/06/01/f24f29a2-e1b3-11ec-ae64-6b23e5155b62_story.html">works</a> to rebuild its education system after COVID-19 causes many students to drop out. </li> </ul> May 31  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Cuba <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/cuba-lifts-mask-mandate-vaccination-rate-soars-deaths-plummet-2022-05-31/">lifts</a> mask mandate after a successful vaccination drive and a steep dip in cases. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Ghana <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/05/31/africa-covid-health-system-ghana-00035697">works</a> to build its public health infrastructure after COVID-19 depleted its healthcare funds.  </li> </ul> May 30  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">India to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-provide-scholarships-counselling-those-orphaned-by-covid-19-2022-05-30/">provide</a> scholarships and counseling to children orphaned by COVID-19.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/wary-foreign-bad-manners-japan-eases-borders-aid-hobbled-tourism-industry-2022-05-30/">begins</a> to lift travel restrictions for foreign tourists. </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of May 21 to May 27: World Health Assembly Signals the Pandemic is Not Over; India Considers Manufacturing Vaccines in Africa; Mass Testing in China </h2> <h2 lang="EN-US">May 27 </h2> <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The World Bank and G20 countries <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5N9h-n_F-o">announce</a> a multi-billion-dollar fund to help countries with pandemic preparedness. </li> </ul> May 26  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 lockdowns in China have <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/26/health/dye-contrast-scan-shortage.html?searchResultPosition=22">disrupted</a> the supply of an important chemical used in radiological imaging, delaying diagnosis of cancers and other illnesses. </li> </ul> May 25  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/25/business/china-pushes-for-regular-mass-testing-in-zero-covid-pursuit.html?searchResultPosition=39">rolls out</a> mass testing policy that requires a PCR test for nearly 100 million people every other day in pursuit of its 'Zero-COVID' policy. </li> </ul> May 24  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">A new omicron subvariant known as BA.2.12.1 makes up about 58 percent of all new U.S. COVID-19 cases, according to <a href="https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions">estimates</a> by the CDC. </li> <li lang="EN-US">A new <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7121e1.htm?s_cid=mm7121e1_e&ACSTrackingID=USCDC_921-DM82414&ACSTrackingLabel=MMWR%20Early%20Release%20-%20Vol.%2071%2C%20May%2024%2C%202022&deliveryName=USCDC_921-DM82414#contribAff">study</a> by the CDC suggests that as many as 1 in 5 adults who contract COVID-19 will develop symptoms of long COVID. </li> <li lang="EN-US">UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-61560535">comes</a> under fire after the publication of a new <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/05/25/world/europe/final-report-uk-lockdown-parties.html?searchResultPosition=43">report</a> investigating a party he attended in violation of COVID-19 protocols.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">India's Serum Institute <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/indian-vaccine-giant-serum-plans-african-plant-global-expansion-2022-05-23/">expresses</a> interest in building a vaccine manufacturing plant in southern Africa at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Germany's vaccine panel <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/germanys-vaccine-panel-says-one-covid-shot-enough-children-2022-05-24/">says</a> one shot is sufficient for children.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">A collection of NGOs <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/ngos-urge-biden-push-changes-wtos-covid-waiver-text-2022-05-24/">ask</a> U.S. President Joe Biden to throw his weight behind an effort to ease patent restrictions on COVID-19 vaccines negotiated by the World Trade Organization (WTO). </li> </ul> May 23  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">North Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/23/world/asia/north-korea-covid.html?searchResultPosition=73">reports</a> a "positive trend" in its battle with COVID-19, but experts are <a href="https://apnews.com/article/covid-politics-health-epidemics-death-rates-2bd7ae2269b6a1b8a26f4095991a9a08">skeptical</a> of their claims that of 3.3 million cases, only 69 were fatal. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Pfizer <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/23/us/politics/pfizer-vaccine-kids.html?searchResultPosition=72">says</a> three doses of its COVID-19 vaccine produce a strong immune response in young children. </li> </ul> May 22  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Director General of the WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/05/1118752">warns</a> COVID-19 is not over at the opening ceremony of the World Health Assembly. Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta also <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/05/22/kenya-president-addresses-world-health-assembly-in-geneva/">addressed</a> the Assembly calling for greater vaccine equity.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/05/22/s-africa-health-workers-on-a-mission-to-breaking-the-rural-urban-vaccine-divide/">begins</a> rural vaccination campaign driven by community health workers as it combats the surge of two omicron subvariants.  </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of May 14 to May 20: North Korea Combats COVID-19; 92 Percent Rise in Cases in Argentina; Pandemic Preparedness Languishes </h2> May 20  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">CDC <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/20/us/politics/cdc-second-booster.html?searchResultPosition=99">urges</a> adults over 50 to get a second booster shot. </li> <li lang="EN-US">A federal U.S. judge <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/20/us/title-42-border-migrants-court.html?searchResultPosition=98">blocked</a> an attempt by the Biden Administration to remove Title 42, a pandemic-related border restriction that prevents asylum seekers from entering the country. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-plans-double-number-daily-foreign-arrivals-next-month-2022-05-20/">announces</a> it will double the number of international travelers allowed into the country to 20,000 a day.  </li> </ul> May 19  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/cdc-advisers-urge-pfizer-booster-for-children-ages-5-to-11/2022/05/19/5d9360f2-d7b4-11ec-be17-286164974c54_story.html">encourages</a> booster shots for children aged 5 to 11 who were vaccinated with the Pfizer vaccine. </li> <li lang="EN-US">G7 Health Ministers do not <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/covid-vaccine-patents-not-discussed-g7-health-ministers-meeting-2022-05-19/">discuss</a> COVID-19 patent waivers at their meeting. </li> <li lang="EN-US">North Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/nkorea-reports-262270-more-people-with-fever-1-more-death-kcna-2022-05-18/">boosts</a> production of medical supplies like thermometers and sterilization equipment in response to the spread of COVID-19.  </li> </ul> May 18  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">PAHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/05/1118572">sounded</a> the alarm over skyrocketing COVID-19 cases in the Americas. 918,000 COVID-19 cases were recorded in the Americas in one week.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Argentina <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/05/1118572">saw</a> a 92 percent increase over the previous week. </li> <li lang="EN-US">North Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/18/world/asia/north-korea-covid-china.html?searchResultPosition=56">indicates</a> its intention to follow China's strategy for combatting COVID-19 as cases <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/17/world/asia/north-korea-covid.html?searchResultPosition=76">continue</a> to spread and are likely <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/north-koreas-covid-19-crisis-impossible-outbreak-impossible-state">vastly undercounted</a>. </li> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/china-removes-some-covid-test-rules-travellers-us-2022-05-18/">relaxes</a> some COVID-19 testing rules for international travelers. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The world is no better prepared for pandemics than it was in 2019, according to a new <a href="https://theindependentpanel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/COVID-19-Make-it-the-Last-Pandemic_final.pdf">report</a> by the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response set up by the World Health Organization (WHO). </li> </ul> May 17  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Tech company Apple <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/17/technology/apple-delays-return-to-office.html?searchResultPosition=64">delayed</a> its return to office over concerns about the intensifying spread of COVID-19. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The White House <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/17/us/politics/free-covid-tests-usps-biden.html?searchResultPosition=65">offered</a> another round of free test kits to Americans. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Shanghai health officials <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/17/world/asia/shanghai-covid.html?searchResultPosition=73">announce</a> the COVID-19 pandemic is now under control, while many remain in lockdown. </li> </ul> May 14  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/05/14/south-africa-fears-new-surge-driven-by-variants/">experiences</a> a surge in cases driven primarily by two new variants. </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of May 7 to May 13: Outbreak in North Korea; One Million Deaths in the United States; Israel and EU Loosen Restrictions for Air Travel</h2> May 13  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">South Korea <a href="https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20220513007053315?section=nk/nk">offers</a> to send COVID-19 vaccines to North Korea. </li> <li lang="EN-US">South African president Cyril Ramaphosa <a href="https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20220513007053315?section=nk/nk">urges</a> donors and countries to buy vaccines from Aspen as Africa’s first vaccine manufacturing plant has <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/12/world/africa/south-africa-covid-vaccine-factory.html?searchResultPosition=12">received</a> no orders. </li> <li lang="EN-US"><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2791305">Research</a> <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wellness/2022/05/13/air-pollution-covid-risk-death/">links</a> exposure to air pollution to worse COVID-19 outcomes. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Shanghai <a href="https://apnews.com/article/covid-health-china-beijing-58f75c0c30e9d579fd6d1a1b9432aeaa">announces</a> intention to end 7-week lockdown next week.  </li> </ul> May 12  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">North Korea <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/05/12/north-korea-coronavirus-positive-outbreak-omicron/">reports</a> 6 deaths and more than 350,000 COVID-19 cases, giving insight into how quickly the virus spreads among the un-immunized. </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/05/1118092">pledges</a> support for North Korea as it combats its first reported COVID-19 outbreak. </li> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. President Joe Biden <a href="https://apnews.com/article/biden-covid-health-africa-pandemics-8135c845f812f5047520ffc9b9df80ff">marks</a> one million COVID-19 deaths in the United States at the White House global COVID-19 summit. </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/12/world/africa/southern-africa-covid-surge-testing.html?searchResultPosition=9">experiences</a> a surge in COVID-19 cases as testing drops off in the region.  </li> </ul> May 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">North Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/11/world/asia/north-korea-covid.html?searchResultPosition=25">reports</a> its first COVID-19 outbreak after previously insisting there were no cases of COVID-19 in the country. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Researchers reported that Moderna vaccine <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/11/health/covid-moderna-vaccine-kids.html?searchResultPosition=28">elicits</a> a strong immune response in children ages 6 to 11. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The European Union will no longer <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/11/world/europe/eu-masks-air-travel.html?searchResultPosition=39">recommend</a> that masks be worn during air travel. </li> </ul> May 10  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/10/world/asia/china-shanghai-beijing-covid.html?searchResultPosition=52">tightens</a> COVID-19 restrictions in Beijing even as cases wane in Shanghai. </li> </ul> May 9  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Former heads of state and nobel laureates <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/09/us/politics/biden-covd-aid.html?searchResultPosition=67">urge</a> Biden to commit $5 billion in COVID-19 aid.  </li> </ul> May 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Israel <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-end-mandatory-covid-19-tests-arrivals-tel-aviv-airport-2022-05-08/">ends</a> mandatory COVID-19 tests for arrivals at Tel Aviv airport.</li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of April 29-May 6: South African Vaccine Plant Risks Closure; WHO Estimates Worldwide COVID-19 Death Toll at 15 Million; FDA Restricts Use of Johnson & Johnson Vaccine</h2> May 6  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">World Trade Organization (WTO) <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/wto-meeting-covid-vaccine-ip-waiver-proposal-went-very-well-chair-says-2022-05-06/">meeting</a> to discuss the temporary waiver of COVID-19 vaccine intellectual property rights went "very well," according to Ambassador Lansana Gberie from Sierra Leone, who chairs the council tasked with finding an agreement on the waiver. </li> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-builds-permanent-covid-testing-stations-life-after-lockdown-2022-05-06/">sets up</a> 9,000 permanent testing stations in Shanghai, with more to follow in other parts of the country.  </li> </ul> May 5  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">New <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/05-05-2022-14.9-million-excess-deaths-were-associated-with-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-2020-and-2021">estimates</a> by the WHO place the total COVID-19 death toll at around 15 million, which is almost 2.5 times the reported death count. </li> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. Food and Drug Establishment (FDA) <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/05/us/politics/johnson-vaccine-fda-covid.html?searchResultPosition=17">places</a> further limits on the use of the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine, citing safety concerns.  </li> </ul> May 4  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna's vaccine <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/04/world/moderna-covid-vaccine.html?searchResultPosition=36">brought in</a> $5.9 billion in revenue in the first three months of this year and was the company’s biggest source of revenue, which totaled $6.1 billion. </li> </ul> May 3  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-releases-2020-death-data-ahead-who-covid-mortality-study-it-objects-2022-05-03/">releases</a> 2020 COVID-19 mortality figures ahead of a WHO study, which estimates a higher death toll. India objects to the study's methodology.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Taiwan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/taiwan-cuts-covid-quarantine-arrivals-even-cases-rise-2022-05-03/">cuts</a> quarantine requirements for arrivals from abroad, even as cases rise.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa's Aspen COVID-19 <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/05/03/africa-s-first-covid-vaccine-plant-risks-closure-after-no-orders/">vaccine plant</a> risks closure after no orders are placed, raising concerns about vaccine manufacturing efforts in Africa. </li> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 <a href="http://v/">surges</a> in Puerto Rico after restrictions are loosened.  </li> </ul> May 2  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Many South Koreans <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/skorea-drops-outdoor-mask-rule-many-prefer-keep-them-2022-05-02/">choose</a> to continue wearing masks despite the loosening of outdoor mask mandates due to the persistent threat of omicron. </li> <li lang="EN-US">New Zealand families <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/tears-chocolate-new-zealand-opens-its-borders-60-more-countries-2022-05-02/">reunite</a> after lifting travel restrictions for the first time in two years. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Italy <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/02/world/italy-eases-mask-and-health-pass-rules-for-bars-restaurants-and-shops.html?searchResultPosition=67">eases</a> mask and health-pass rules for bars, restaurants, and shops. </li> </ul> May 1  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Greece <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/greece-lifts-covid-curbs-travellers-ahead-key-summer-season-2022-05-01/">lifts</a> COVID-19 curbs ahead of tourist season. </li> <li lang="EN-US">In the United States, loss of pandemic aid stresses hospitals that treat the uninsured. </li> </ul> April 30  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Six Shanghai districts <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/six-shanghai-districts-reach-zero-covid-status-2022-05-01/">reach</a> 'zero-COVID' status.  </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of April 23-April 29: Mass Testing in Beijing; EU and U.S. Declare End to "Emergency Phase" of Pandemic; Community Vaccination in Ghana</h2> April 29  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Twelve million people in Shanghai were <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/shanghai-says-1238-mln-residents-now-lower-risk-covid-zones-2022-04-29/">allowed</a> to leave their homes after strenuous lockdown. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong's mandatory testing policy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/hong-kongs-mandatory-covid-testing-schools-fuels-plastic-waste-woes-2022-04-29/">fuels</a> plastic waste problem. </li> <li lang="EN-US">China and North Korea <a href="https://www.voanews.com/a/china-n-korea-halt-border-rail-crossing-over-covid-fears/6550218.html">suspend</a> rail travel between the two due to COVID-19 concerns. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Switzerland court <a href="https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/anti-vax-swiss-special-forces-soldiers--lawfully-dismissed-/47555812">r</a><a href="https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/anti-vax-swiss-special-forces-soldiers--lawfully-dismissed-/47555812">ules</a> that four Swiss soldiers who refused COVID-19 vaccinations were rightfully dismissed.  </li> </ul> April 28  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/28/us/moderna-fda-vaccine-children-under-6.html?searchResultPosition=17">seeks</a> approval from the U.S. FDA for use of its COVID-19 vaccine in children under six. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The International Labor Organization <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1117142">published</a> a <a href="https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---safework/documents/publication/wcms_842505.pdf">report</a> on how lessons from the COVID-19 can improve workplace safety globally.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">The European Union <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/hungary-says-no-obstacles-signing-agreement-eu-recovery-funds-2022-04-28/">attempts</a> to withhold COVID-19 recovery funds from Hungary due to corruption and anti-democratic reforms.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Ecuador <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/ecuador-lifts-indoor-outdoor-mask-mandates-2022-04-29/">lifts</a> indoor and outdoor mask mandates. </li> </ul> April 27  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Beijing tests 22 million residents in an effort to avoid large-scale lockdowns like those China imposed in Shanghai  </li> <li lang="EN-US">The European Commission <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_2646">announces</a> that the European Union is now out of the emergency phase of the pandemic. White House advisor Anthony Fauci <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/04/27/pandemic-phase-over-fauci-covid/">made</a> a similar announcement in the United States. </li> <li lang="EN-US">South African health officials <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/04/27/south-africa-enters-fifth-wave-of-covid-19-pandemic/">announce</a> a fifth wave of COVID-19 in South Africa.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Ghana <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/04/27/ghana-pushes-for-community-vaccination/">rolls out</a> community vaccination strategy in a push to vaccinate 23 million out of a total of 31 million people. </li> <li lang="EN-US">New Zealand court <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/new-zealand-high-court-finds-quarantine-allocation-system-infringed-rights-2022-04-27/">rules</a> that the country's border quarantine policies infringed on people’s rights. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Malaysia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/malaysia-lift-more-covid-curbs-eases-mask-mandate-2022-04-27/">lifts</a> additional COVID-19 restrictions, including those for the unvaccinated.  </li> </ul> April 26  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. pharmacies <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/26/us/politics/paxlovid-test-to-treat.html?searchResultPosition=75">experience</a> difficulties administering the COVID-19 drug Paxlovid to those who need it despite sufficient availability </li> <li lang="EN-US">Canada's Atlantic provinces, which were relatively shielded, see a <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/26/world/canada/canadas-atlantic-provinces-covid-masks.html?searchResultPosition=71">resurgence</a> in COVID-19 cases after the removal of mask mandates. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Sixty percent of Americans, including 75 percent of children, had been infected with COVID-19, according to <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e3.htm?s_cid=mm7117e3_w">research</a> by the U.S. CDC.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Turkey <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/turkey-ready-lift-all-covid-19-measures-erdogan-says-2022-04-26/">lifts</a> all COVID-19 restrictions. </li> </ul> April 25  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. judge <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/25/us/title-42-migrants-biden-border.html?searchResultPosition=86">halts</a> efforts to rescind Title 42, a measure that restricts migration on the Southern border of the United States based on concerns about COVID-19 </li> </ul> April 24  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Japanese pharmaceutical company Shionogi & Co <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/japans-shionogi-says-covid-19-pill-shows-rapid-clearance-virus-2022-04-24/">announces</a> a new antiviral pill that has shown promise in clearing symptoms of COVID-19 in clinical trials. </li> </ul> April 23  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Drive to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/23/health/covid-vaccines-world-africa.html?searchResultPosition=115">vaccinate</a> the world population against COVID-19 starts to lose steam. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 16-April 22: United States to Appeal Mask Mandate Decision; International COVID-19 Summit; India Tries to Bury WHO Report </h2> April 22  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/hong-kong-allow-international-travellers-first-time-since-2020-2022-04-22/">allow</a> international travelers for the first time since 2020.  </li> </ul> April 21  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Routine childhood vaccinations in the United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/21/health/pandemic-childhood-vaccines.html?searchResultPosition=17">fell</a> below levels needed for broad immunity during COVID-19 pandemic.</li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1116662">recommends</a> two COVID-19 drugs and urges transparency around pricing.</li> </ul> April 20  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. Department of Justice <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/20/us/politics/cdc-transportation-mask-mandate.html?searchResultPosition=44">opts</a> to appeal decision striking down mask mandate on public transportation and commercial airlines. </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/20/world/americas/covid-masks-who.html?searchResultPosition=45">urges</a> people worldwide to continue wearing masks.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Delhi, India reinstates mask mandate due to rise in COVID-19 cases.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Shanghai <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/20/world/asia/covid-shanghai-china-deaths.html?searchResultPosition=8">reports</a> low COVID-19 death toll as the city suffers under extreme lockdown measures.</li> </ul> April 19  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna trial <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/19/us/politics/moderna-vaccine-beta-variant.html?searchResultPosition=91">suggests</a> redesigned vaccines can better protect people from variants. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Canada <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/canada-keep-mask-mandate-after-judge-strikes-down-us-rule-2022-04-19/">maintains</a> mask mandate for public transportation, even after a U.S. judge struck down a corresponding mandate in the United States.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/04/19/new-cdc-team-early-alert-pandemic/">rolls out</a> new COVID-19 forecasting system modeled after weather forecasting.  </li> </ul> April 18  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The United States in conjunction with Belize, Germany, Indonesia, and Senegal <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/04/18/joint-statement-between-the-united-states-belize-germany-indonesia-and-senegal-on-the-announcement-of-the-second-global-covid-19-summit/">announces</a> an international COVID-19 Summit to be held in May 2022 </li> <li lang="EN-US">About 99 percent of the population of Java, Indonesia's most populous island, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/study-shows-99-indonesias-most-populous-island-have-covid-antibodies-2022-04-18/">have</a> COVID-19 antibodies according to a government-commissioned study by the University of Indonesia. </li> </ul> April 16  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">India <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/16/health/global-covid-deaths-who-india.html?searchResultPosition=140">attempts</a> to block release of WHO findings that its COVID-19 death toll was substantially higher than originally reported. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Omicron-specific versions of the Sinopharm and Sinovac COVID-19 vaccines will <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/omicron-specific-sinopharm-covid-vaccine-candidates-cleared-clinical-trial-2022-04-16/">move forward</a> with clinical trials in Hong Kong.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 9-April 15: Botswana Scientists Identify New Variant; Shanghai Stockpiles Food in Preparation for Lockdown; 60 Percent of Rwandans Vaccinated</h2> April 15  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/04/15/inspectir-breathalyzer-test-covid/">authorizes</a> first breath test to detect COVID-19.</li> <li lang="EN-US">South Korea <a href="https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20220415002555320?section=national/national">announces</a> intention to completely lift quarantine rules in late May.</li> </ul> April 14  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/hong-kong-confirms-it-will-ease-covid-restrictions-april-21-2022-04-14/">confirms</a> its intention to ease COVID-19 restrictions starting April 21.</li> <li lang="EN-US">World Health Organization <a href="https://www.afro.who.int/news/africa-witnesses-longest-running-decline-covid-19-cases">announces</a> Africa has witnessed the longest-running decline in COVID-19 cases. </li> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 cases <a href="http://xn--coronavirus%20cases%20strain%20englands%20bid%20to%20reduce%20hospital%20treatment%20backlogs-3z43d/">strain</a> England's bid to reduce backlog of non-COVID health problems for which people delayed treatment due to the pandemic.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Pfizer <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/14/us/politics/pfizer-boosters-children.html?searchResultPosition=27">says</a> booster strengthens immune response for children ages 5 to 11.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Shanghai residents <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/14/world/asia/china-food-crisis-beijing.html?searchResultPosition=28">stock up</a> on food due to fears of lengthy COVID-19 lockdowns, shortages, and price gouging.</li> </ul> April 13  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">New Zealand <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/13/world/australia/new-zealand-covid-restrictions-australia.html?searchResultPosition=43">welcomes</a> vaccinated tourists and loosens more restrictions.</li> </ul> April 12  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">World <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/12/world/world-covid-cases-testing.html?searchResultPosition=52">surpasses</a> 500 million recorded COVID-19 cases. True numbers are likely higher.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Botswanan scientists <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/04/12/botswana-detects-new-coronavirus-variant/">identify</a> a new omicron variant, which the WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1116182">says</a> is not more transmissible or severe, so far. </li> </ul> April 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 vaccine access <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1116032">lags</a> behind in conflict areas.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Vaccine manufacturers in India <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/11/world/asia/indian-vaccine-makers-lower-the-price-of-covid-shots-after-the-country-expands-access-to-boosters.html?searchResultPosition=92">lower</a> the price of COVID-19 shots after the country expands access to boosters. </li> </ul> April 9  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Rwanda <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2022/04/08/rwanda-has-vaccinated-over-60-of-its-population/">vaccinates</a> more than 60 percent of its population. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 2-April 8: Mass Testing in Shanghai; Vaccine Mandates for U.S. Federal Employees; South Africa Lifts "State of Disaster" Status</h2> April 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">UN Secretary-General <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1115952">warns</a> COVID-19 pandemic is far from over as countries loosen restrictions.</li> </ul> April 7  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Cyprus <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/cyprus-lift-covid-19-travel-conditions-april-18-2022-04-07/">announces</a> it will lift COVID-19 travel restrictions.</li> <li lang="EN-US">A U.S. Appeals Court <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/appeals-court-reinstates-bidens-vaccine-mandate-for-federal-workers-11649380165?mod=Searchresults_pos20&page=1">reinstated</a> the Biden administration’s vaccine mandate for federal employees.</li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.afro.who.int/news/over-two-thirds-africans-exposed-virus-which-causes-covid-19-who-study#:~:text=Brazzaville%20%E2%80%93%20Up%20to%2065%25%20of,larger%20than%20reported%20confirmed%20cases.">says</a> over 65 percent of Africans have been infected with COVID-19 since the beginning of the pandemic. </li> </ul> April 6  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">A leading provider of COVID-19 testing in Arizona <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/06/world/a-leading-provider-of-testing-in-arizona-is-suspending-60-sites.html?searchResultPosition=25">suspends</a> 60 sites due to uncertainty about the future of federal pandemic funding.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Japan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/06/world/japan-border-restriction-covid.html?searchResultPosition=33">lifts</a> COVID-19 travel restrictions for residents of 106 countries while keeping tight control on entry visas.</li> </ul> April 5  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/05/health/fda-glaxo-antibody-us.html?searchResultPosition=52">suspends</a> use of Glaxo antibody drug to treat COVID-19 due to insufficient efficacy against the BA.2 variant.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Israeli study <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2201570">suggests</a> fourth Pfizer dose <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/05/health/a-second-booster-helped-protect-older-people-from-omicron-infection-but-waned-quickly-an-israeli-study-says.html?searchResultPosition=54">boosts</a> immunity against omicron in older adults, but only in the short term. </li> <li lang="EN-US">United Kingdom's health service <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/05/world/europe/britain-nhs-covid-symptoms.html?searchResultPosition=55">expands</a> its list of COVID-19 symptoms.</li> </ul> April 4  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Shanghai <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/shanghai-orders-snap-covid-tests-for-25-million-locked-down-residents-11649053546?mod=Searchresults_pos20&page=5">tests</a> all 25 million of its residents for COVID-19 as lockdowns persist and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/08/world/asia/food-shortages-shanghai-covid.html?searchResultPosition=1">cause</a> food shortages and supply chain disruptions.</li> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/04/health/cdc-re-evaluation-covid.html?searchResultPosition=67">will undergo</a> an evaluation to prepare for a reconfiguration of the agency.</li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/04/world/south-africa-lifts-its-covid-state-of-disaster-after-two-years.html?searchResultPosition=70">lifts</a> COVID-19 "state of disaster" designation after two years. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Taiwan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/04/world/asia/taiwan-relaxes-its-quarantine-measures-even-as-it-confronts-an-outbreak.html?searchResultPosition=78">relaxes</a> COVID-19 restrictions as cases rise.</li> </ul> April 3  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Indonesia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-greets-ramadan-with-mass-prayer-covid-curbs-ease-2022-04-03/">greets</a> Ramadan with mass prayer as COVID curbs ease.</li> </ul> April 2  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/02/health/covid-testing-uk-denmark.html?searchResultPosition=110">scales back</a> COVID-19 data collection, raising fears about lack of information and preparedness as positive tests <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/02/world/covid-tests-positive-uk.html?searchResultPosition=103">reach</a> record levels in England and Wales.</li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/02-04-2022-suspension-of-supply-of-covid-19-vaccine-covaxin">suspends</a> use of COVAXIN vaccine by UN agencies due to irregularities in production.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 26-April 1: New United States COVID-19 Border Policy; Economic Aid to Tunisia; Indonesia Proposes Standard Health Requirements for Travel</h2> April 1  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">CDC <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/01/us/politics/cdc-immigration-title-42.html?searchResultPosition=2">confirms</a> it will end the U.S. public health order restricting immigration, enacted due to COVID-19.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Shanghai residents <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/01/world/asia/china-covid-shanghai.html?searchResultPosition=10">express anger</a> at COVID-19 restrictions as infections spike among its elderly population.</li> </ul> March 31  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">South Koreans are <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/skoreans-flock-overseas-revenge-travel-covid-rules-ease-2022-03-31/">taking advantage</a> of relaxing COVID-19 restrictions, causing a boom in "revenge travel." The term is spreading on social media and refers to travel plans that seek to make up for lost time under pandemic lockdown. </li> </ul> March 30  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 cases <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/covid-cases-asia-surpass-100-million-reuters-tally-2022-03-30/">surpass</a> 100 million in Asia, driven largely by the BA.2 variant.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">A third of the world population <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1115142">remains</a> unvaccinated from COVID-19 according to the WHO.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">A <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2115869">study</a> published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that use of the drug ivermectin did not reduce the risk of hospitalization from COVID-19.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/strategies-and-plans">releases</a> a new Strategic Preparedness, Readiness, and Response plan for 2022. </li> </ul> March 29  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The World Bank <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/world-bank-approves-400-mln-tunisia-help-vulnerable-households-2022-03-29/">approves</a> $400 million for Tunisia to help about 900,000 vulnerable Tunisian households cope with the health and economic impacts of the COVID-19 crisis. </li> <li lang="EN-US">BA.2 variant <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/29/health/ba2-variant-covid-cases.html?searchResultPosition=80">accounts</a> for over half of U.S. COVID-19 cases, according to CDC <a href="https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions">data</a>. </li> </ul> March 28  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Indonesia, in its capacity as the G20 chair, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/g20-chair-indonesia-seeks-standardised-health-travel-requirements-2022-03-28/">proposes</a> standardized health requirements for international travel. </li> <li lang="EN-US">CFR health experts <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00809-w">call</a> for global vaccination to be swifter. </li> <li lang="EN-US">UN <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1114762">analysis</a> shows link between a lack of vaccine equity and a widening poverty gap. </li> <li lang="EN-US">United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/28/us/politics/vaccines-migrants-border.html?searchResultPosition=94">announces</a> plans to vaccinate migrants at its southern border.</li> </ul> March 26  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Public health experts <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/26/health/ukraine-health-tb-hiv.html?searchResultPosition=128">warn</a> of increased infections of COVID-19 and other diseases, stemming from Russia’s war on Ukraine, the subsequent refugee crisis, and the damage to Ukraine’s health infrastructure. </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of March 19-March 25: Rising Cases and Second Boosters in Europe; Telemedicine in South Korea; 5 African Countries Catch Up on Routine Childhood Vaccinations</h2> March 25  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">German Health Minister <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-health-minister-urges-people-risk-get-second-covid-booster-2022-03-25/">urges</a> at-risk people to get second booster </li> </ul> March 24  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Singapore <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/24/world/asia/singapore-covid-restrictions.html?searchResultPosition=20">announces</a> it will ease restrictions and move toward a "living with COVID-19" model.</li> <li lang="EN-US">The WHO <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/24/world/who-omicron-variant-ba2-cases.html?searchResultPosition=23">identifies</a> the omicron BA.2 "stealth variant" as the dominant strain of omicron worldwide, <a href="https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---22-march-2022">making up</a> around 86 percent of cases.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/modernas-covid-19-vaccine-works-safely-in-young-children-company-says-11648036800">seeks</a> authorization for its COVID-19 vaccine for young children after promising trial results.</li> </ul> March 22  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Novovax <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/novavax-says-its-covid-vaccine-gets-india-authorisation-teens-2022-03-22/">says</a> its COVID-19 vaccine has been approved for emergency use in India for teenagers.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Italian study <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/italian-study-shows-ventilation-can-cut-school-covid-cases-by-82-2022-03-22/">shows</a> ventilation can cut COVID-19 cases in schools by as much as 80 percent.</li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=02SbkAnXzrI">announces</a> new COVID-19 strategy that eases some restrictions while preserving indoor mask mandate.</li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO Regional Director for Europe <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/22/world/europe/coronavirus-cases-are-rising-in-european-nations-because-restrictions-were-eased-too-soon-a-who-official-says.html?searchResultPosition=62">says</a> cases are rising in Europe because many countries eased restrictions too soon.</li> </ul> March 21   <ul> <li lang="EN-US">South Korean president-elect signals support for continued use of telemedicine, which was previously illegal in South Korea, but was authorized under emergency measures to tackle COVID-19. </li> <li lang="EN-US">France <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/frances-covid-19-infections-spike-week-on-week-following-easing-restrictions-2022-03-21/">sees</a> a spike in cases following its removal of COVID-19 restrictions.</li> <li lang="EN-US">United Kingdom's health service <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/21/world/england-booster-javid.html?searchResultPosition=80">starts</a> administering second booster to vulnerable populations.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/21/world/asia/hong-kong-flight-bans.html?searchResultPosition=88">announces</a> it will lift bans on flights from 9 countries and cut quarantine times. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Disney temporarily <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/20/world/disney-shanghai-closed.html?searchResultPosition=89">closes</a> its resorts in Shanghai due to spread of omicron.</li> </ul> March 20  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-offers-aid-covid-vaccines-cambodia-2022-03-20/">pledges</a> $428 million in aid and 1.3 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines to Cambodia through the COVAX global vaccine-sharing program. </li> <li lang="EN-US">United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/21/health/hospitalizations-of-young-children-with-the-virus-surged-during-the-us-omicron-wave.html?searchResultPosition=93">sees</a> surge in hospitalizations of young children with COVID-19 during omicron wave.</li> </ul> March 19  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/19/world/polio-africa-covid-vaccinations.html?searchResultPosition=102">roll out</a> mass polio vaccination campaign in response to outbreaks caused due to a dip in routine childhood vaccinations during the pandemic. </li> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. states begin to report on COVID-19 data less frequently, leading to fears about "data blind spots." </li> </ul> March 18  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">New study <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2790491">shows</a> alcohol-related deaths spiked during the pandemic.</li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of March 12-March 18: Approval of Russia's Sputnik V Delayed due to Ukraine Invasion; China's Worst Outbreak Since 2020; Piecemeal Vaccinations in Sierra Leone</h2> March 17  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Canada <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/17/travel/canada-travel-test-mandate.html?searchResultPosition=19">scales back</a> its travel restrictions for fully vaccinated travelers.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Cases <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/17/world/asia/coronavirus-south-korea.html?searchResultPosition=26">spike</a> again in South Korea.</li> </ul> March 16  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Average COVID-19 vaccination rate in Africa <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/16/briefing/africas-vaccine-challenge.html?searchResultPosition=37">hovers</a> at around 14 percent.</li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/covid-19-ukraine-other-global-health-emergencies-virtual-press-conference-transcript---16-march-2022">delays</a> inspections related to the approval process of Russia’s Sputnik V vaccine due to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.</li> <li lang="EN-US">False narrative that omicron is the last variant <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1114062">causes</a> case numbers to rise, according to WHO.</li> </ul> March 15  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Sierra Leone <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/15/health/covid-vaccines-africa.html?searchResultPosition=2">works</a> to vaccinate its populations with a mix of different vaccines, depending on the availability.</li> </ul> March 14  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/14/world/asia/china-covid-omicron-lockdowns.html?searchResultPosition=88">imposes</a> lockdowns and halts manufacturing as it grapples with its worst COVID-19 outbreak since 2020.</li> <li lang="EN-US">COVID-19 protocols <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/14/science/covid-dengue-virus.html?searchResultPosition=89">prevented</a> hundreds of thousands of dengue virus infections in Latin America and South Asia, according to a <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(22)00025-1/fulltext">study</a> by the Lancet.</li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/14-03-2022-who-released-a-new-operational-guide-to-promote-covid-19-vaccination-uptake-and-tackle-vaccine-hesitancy-among-refugees-and-migrants">releases</a> new operational protocol to address vaccine hesitancy and vaccine uptake among refugees and migrants.</li> <li lang="EN-US">France <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/france-lifts-covid-19-rules-on-unvaccinated-mask-wearing/2022/03/14/4d440d90-a385-11ec-8628-3da4fa8f8714_story.html">lifts</a> most mask and COVID-19 restrictions.</li> </ul> March 13   <ul> <li lang="EN-US">300,000 people quarantined in Hong Kong due to COVID-19.</li> </ul> March 12   <ul> <li lang="EN-US">After staving off outbreaks for a year and a half, the French island of New Caledonia in the South Pacific <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/12/world/australia/new-caledonia-coronavirus.html?searchResultPosition=111">experiences</a> a major COVID-19 surge that particularly impacts its indigenous population.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Experts <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/12/world/europe/covid-ukraine-russia-war.html?searchResultPosition=117">warn</a> Russia’s invasion of Ukraine could ignite a major COVID-19 outbreak in Europe.</li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of March 5-March 11: 6 Million COVID-19 Deaths; Malaysia to Reopen; Moderna Pledges Not to Enforce Vaccine Mandates</h2> March 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/11/world/asia/china-covid-shanghai.html?searchResultPosition=30">places</a> several cities, including Shanghai under lockdown as it grapples with coronavirus outbreaks </li> <li lang="EN-US">Indian state of Maharastra, which was one of the hardest hit by COVID-19 in 2021, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/11/world/asia/covid-india-maharashtra-deaths.html?searchResultPosition=31">reports</a> its third day in March with no COVID deaths  </li> </ul> March 10  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">UN High Commissioner for Human Rights <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1113672">calls</a> for global vaccine equity, noting that only 13 percent of people in low-income countries were vaccinated compared to 70 percent in high-income countries. </li> </ul> March 9  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Romania <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/romanian-government-lift-covid-restrictions-march-9-2022-03-08/">lifts</a> all COVID-19 restrictions, including digital passes and curfews. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) released a <a href="https://www.unicef.org/reports/impact-covid-19-welfare-households-children">report</a> on the Impact of COVID-19 on the welfare of households with children that shows a major decrease in families' earnings. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Austria <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/09/world/europe/austria-covid-vaccine-mandate.html?searchResultPosition=7">changes course</a> on vaccine mandate in <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/19/world/europe/austria-covid-vaccine-mandate-lockdown.html">instituted</a> in November 2021 </li> </ul> March 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Malaysia <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-08/malaysia-opens-borders-to-international-visitors-after-two-years">announces</a> it will reopen its borders to international visitors after two years of pandemic border restrictions. </li> <li lang="EN-US">India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-resume-scheduled-international-flights-march-27-2022-03-08/">announces</a> it will resume international flights for the first time since the COVID-19 pandemic began. </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/08-03-2022-interim-statement-on-covid-19-vaccines-in-the-context-of-the-circulation-of-the-omicron-sars-cov-2-variant-from-the-who-technical-advisory-group-on-covid-19-vaccine-composition-(tag-co-vac)-08-march-2022">strengthens</a> its endorsement of booster shots, while still emphasizing the need for primary shots </li> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong's death rate from COVID-19 <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/unvaccinated-elderly-send-hong-kongs-covid-19-death-rate-to-worlds-highest-11646748091">soars</a> to the highest in the world, driven largely by deaths among unvaccinated elderly people.</li> </ul> March 7  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Global COVID-19 death toll <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/03/07/6-million-covid-deaths/">surpasses</a> 6 million.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Moderna <a href="https://www.accesswire.com/691922/Moderna-Announces-Its-Global-Public-Health-Strategy">pledges</a> to never enforce vaccine patents in low-income countries.</li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of February 26-March 4: Medical Aid to Ukraine; Outbreaks in Hong Kong and New Zealand; Peace Corps Returns</h2> March 4  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/safrica-risks-destroying-100000-vaccine-doses-by-end-march-due-slow-uptake-2022-03-04/">says</a> it may have to destroy 100,000 COVID-19 vaccines due to slow uptake.</li> </ul> March 3  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/who-sees-little-impact-covid-19-vaccine-supplies-africa-over-war-ukraine-2022-03-03/">says</a> it does not expect major vaccine disruptions in Africa due to war in Ukraine and Russia sanctions.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Peace Corps to <a href="https://www.peacecorps.gov/coronavirus/">start</a> sending volunteers abroad again following COVID-19 hiatus.</li> <li lang="EN-US">New Zealand <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/03/world/australia/new-zealand-covid-omicron.html?searchResultPosition=41">contends</a> with major omicron outbreak after having been mostly insulated from the pandemic.</li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1113212">updates</a> its guidelines for COVID-19 therapeutics.</li> </ul> March 2  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Pfizer <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/pfizer-provide-10-mln-courses-covid-pill-developing-countries-the-global-fund-2022-03-02/">promises</a> 10 million courses of its COVID-19 pill Paxlovid to low- and middle-income countries. </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1113122">sends</a> shipment of medical aid, including COVID-19 treatments and medical oxygen to Ukraine.</li> <li lang="EN-US">President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/video/us/politics/100000008235633/biden-state-union-coronavirus-tests-pills.html?searchResultPosition=58">announces</a> "Test to Treat" Initiative in State of the Union Address.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/02/business/hong-kong-covid.html?searchResultPosition=66">continues</a> to grapple with COVID-19 surge and strenuous quarantine policies.</li> <li lang="EN-US">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) <a href="https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2022/3/621e499f4/unhcr-highlights-great-progress-refugee-vaccine-inclusion-inequities-hamper.html">announces</a> 8.3 million refugees have been vaccinated against COVID-19.</li> </ul> March 1  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Ukraine war and refugee crisis <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/03/01/russia-invasion-ukraine-pandemic-health-effects/">stoke fears</a> of COVID-19 and other outbreaks due to low vaccination rates in Eastern Europe.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Germany first country to <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1113072">answer</a> call to support the ACT-Accelerator Program to provide vaccines and pandemic equipment to low- and middle-income countries.</li> </ul> February 27  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">United Arab Emirates <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/uae-drops-face-masks-outdoors-quarantine-covid-contact-cases-2022-02-27/">drop</a> face masks outside and some quarantine restrictions.</li> </ul> February 26  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">South Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/26/world/asia/south-korea-records-its-deadliest-day-of-the-pandemic.html?searchResultPosition=132">records</a> its deadliest day of pandemic yet at 112 deaths in 24 hours.</li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of February 19-February 25: Australia Reopens to Tourists; UK Removes Restrictions; Hong Kong Cases Surge Despite "Zero-COVID"</h2> February 24  <ul> <li>Lancet study <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-02-24/covid-has-led-to-surge-in-orphaned-children-lancet-study-says">estimates</a> at least 5.2 million children have lost a parent or caregiver due to COVID-19. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.afro.who.int/news/new-push-drive-africas-covid-19-vaccination">starts</a> renewed push to spur vaccination in Africa. </li> </ul> February 23  <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/23-02-2022-moving-forward-on-goal-to-boost-local-pharmaceutical-production-who-establishes-global-biomanufacturing-training-hub-in-republic-of-korea">sets up</a> biomanufacturing training hub in South Korea to teach countries to produce vaccines.</li> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/colombia-will-not-require-face-masks-outdoors-areas-with-70-covid-vaccination-2022-02-23/">rolls back</a> COVID-19 restrictions. </li> </ul> February 22  <ul> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-60467183">announces</a> its "Living with COVID" plan, which includes scrapping isolation laws and free mass testing. </li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/hong-kong-orders-mandatory-covid-19-tests-for-all-residents/2022/02/22/1f0c06c2-93cb-11ec-bb31-74fc06c0a3a5_story.html">mandates</a> testing for all residents as cases surge despite "Zero-COVID" policy. </li> <li>Ireland <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/22/world/europe/ireland-ends-mask-mandates-and-social-distancing-in-schools.html?searchResultPosition=82">ends</a> mask mandates in most locations and social distancing in schools. </li> <li>Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/02/22/africa-asks-covid-vaccine-donation-pause-00010667">ask</a> the world to pause vaccine donations to avert waste.  </li> <li>Uganda <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/22/africa/uganda-fines-anti-vaxxers-intl/index.html">proposes</a> new law that would fine or imprison unvaccinated Ugandans. </li> </ul> February 21  <ul> <li>Australia <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/18/travel/australia-tourism-covid.html">reopens</a> to fully vaccinated international travelers.</li> </ul> February 20  <ul> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/20/world/middleeast/israel-unvaccinated-tourists.html?searchResultPosition=139">announces</a> plans to allow unvaccinated tourists. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 12-February 18: mRNA Technology in Africa; Hong Kong Hospitals at Capacity; Vaccines Authorized for Young Children in Australia</h2> February 18  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/18-02-2022-who-announces-first-technology-recipients-of-mrna-vaccine-hub-with-strong-support-from-african-and-european-partners">announces</a> Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, and Tunisia to be the first six countries to receive the technology needed to produce mRNA vaccines in Africa. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong's hospitals <a href="https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-health-china-prisons-hong-kong-16fbce999a98c1fb18b852c67f9eb688">reach</a> 90 percent capacity despite China’s "Zero-COVID" policy.</li> <li lang="EN-US">The United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/18/world/africa/biden-africa-vaccine-aid.html?searchResultPosition=17">announces</a> increased vaccine assistance to 11 African countries through its new Initiative for Global Vaccine Access.</li> </ul> February 16  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Australia <a href="https://www.accesswire.com/689211/Therapeutic-Goods-Administration-of-Australia-Authorizes-Modernas-Covid-19-Vaccine-in-Children-6-11-Years">authorizes</a> Moderna vaccine for children aged 6 to 11.</li> </ul> February 15  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The Pan-American Health Organization <a href="https://www.paho.org/en/news/15-2-2022-paho-delivers-100-million-covax-vaccine-doses-latin-america-and-caribbean">delivers</a> 100 million vaccines to Latin America and the Caribbean via COVAX.</li> </ul> February 14  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Sweden <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/14/world/europe/sweden-fourth-covid-vaccine-older-people.html?searchResultPosition=143">recommends</a> a fourth vaccine dose for people 80 and older.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 5-February 11: COVID-19 Protests in Canada; COVAX Rescinds Vaccines for North Korea; Johnson & Johnson Suspends Vaccine Production</h2> February 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-postpones-advisory-committee-meeting-discuss-request-authorization">delays</a> approval of COVID-19 vaccines for children aged six years to four months; <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/11/world/monoclonal-antibody-treatment-emergency-authorization.html?searchResultPosition=4">authorizes</a> new Eli Lilly monoclonal antibody treatment for COVID-19. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Canada's Ontario province <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/02/11/world/canada-trucker-protest">declares</a> a state of emergency in response to protests against COVID-19 restrictions.  </li> </ul> February 10  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://twitter.com/i/broadcasts/1vAxRkLPANgKl?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1491713698141982722%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africanews.com%2F2022%2F02%2F11%2Fun-s-regional-health-chief-optimistic-about-africa-s-future%2F">says</a> Africa is transitioning out of pandemic period. </li> <li lang="EN-US">COVAX global vaccine-sharing initiative <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/covax-cuts-nkoreas-covid-vaccine-allotment-after-no-deliveries-accepted-2022-02-10/">scales back</a> the number of doses allocated for North Korea because the country did not accept them.</li> <li lang="EN-US">The Philippines <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/10/world/asia/philippines-reopens-tourists.html?searchResultPosition=55">reopen</a> for international tourists. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/09/world/europe/uk-covid-restrictions-johnson.html?searchResultPosition=88">announces</a> plan to roll back COVID-19 restrictions ahead of schedule. </li> </ul> February 9  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/09-02-2022-act-accelerator-calls-for-fair-share-based-financing-of-usdollar-23-billion-to-end-pandemic-as-global-emergency-in-2022">calls on</a> donor states to address the gap in funding for the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator Fund. </li> </ul> February 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Johnson & Johnson <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/08/business/johnson-johnson-covid-vaccine.html">suspends</a> production of its COVID-19 vaccine, causing consternation among developing countries that anticipate deliveries. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Study by the National Institutes of Health <a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/study-suggests-covid-19-vaccines-do-not-reduce-fertility">shows</a> no link between COVID-19 vaccines and infertility.  </li> </ul> <h2 lang="EN-US">Week of January 29-February 4: Novovac Approved in UK; U.S. Discharges Unvaccinated Soldiers; Taiwan Vaccine Diplomacy</h2> February 4  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention <a href="https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#wastewater-surveillance">add</a> wastewater data to its COVID-19 tracker. </li> </ul> February 3  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/saudi-arabia-requires-citizens-take-covid-booster-shot-travel-abroad-starting-2022-02-03/">requires</a> booster shots for those traveling abroad. </li> <li lang="EN-US">UK <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/britain-approves-novavax-covid-vaccine-adults-2022-02-03/">approves</a> Novovac as its fifth COVID-19 vaccine. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Tonga <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/streets-tsunami-hit-tonga-empty-first-day-covid-lockdown-2022-02-03/">goes into</a> COVID-19 lockdown as it recovers from a tsunami. </li> </ul> February 2  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Germany's vaccine commission <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-vaccine-commission-recommend-fourth-covid-19-shot-2022-02-03/">recommends</a> a fourth COVID-19 shot. </li> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. military <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-army-discharge-soldiers-who-refuse-covid-19-vaccine-2022-02-02/">begins discharging</a> soldiers who refuse vaccination. </li> </ul> February 1  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Quebec <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/omicron-variant-seen-rebounding-after-canadas-ontario-eases-curbs-2022-02-01/">cancels</a> plan for health tax on unvaccinated people. </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-africa-scraps-isolation-covid-19-positive-people-with-no-symptoms-2022-01-31/">removes</a> quarantine restrictions for those who test positive for COVID-19 but are asymptomatic. </li> </ul> January 31  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Taiwan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/taiwan-tries-hand-covid-diplomacy-again-with-somaliland-vaccine-gift-2022-01-31/">sends</a> 150,000 doses of its domestically developed Medigen COVID-19 vaccine to Somaliland. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Nigeria <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/more-nigerians-take-up-covid-shots-after-expired-doses-destroyed-2022-01-28/">destroys</a> expired vaccines, instilling confidence and driving more Nigerians to get vaccinated with unexpired vaccines. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Germany <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germany-misses-80-covid-19-vaccination-rate-target-2022-01-31/">misses</a> its target of 80 percent of the population vaccinated by the end of January. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 22-January 28: New Variant Omicron BA.2 Emerges; Self-Tests in Brazil; Restrictions Ahead of Beijing Olympics</h2> January 28  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The European Commission <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pfizer-covid-pill-gets-final-approval-european-commission-2022-01-28/">approves</a> Pfizer's new antiviral pill for the treatment of COVID-19. </li> <li lang="EN-US">New Delhi <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/delhi-lifts-weekend-curfew-reopens-restaurants-india-covid-cases-drop-2022-01-28/">lifts</a> COVID-19 restrictions as cases drop. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-health-regulator-approves-covid-19-self-tests-sale-drugstores-2022-01-28/">approves</a> COVID-19 self-tests for sale in drug stores. </li> </ul> January 26  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Austria <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/austria-ends-lockdown-unvaccinated-pressure-hospitals-eases-2022-01-26/">ends</a> its lockdown for the unvaccinated as pressure on hospitals wanes. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Israel <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/israel-broadens-eligibility-fourth-dose-covid-vaccine-2022-01-26/">broadens</a> eligibility for fourth COVID-19 shot. </li> </ul> January 25  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-panel-approve-extending-covid-curbs-more-regions-2022-01-25/">expands</a> its COVID-19 restrictions to cover 70 percent of the country in response to omicron. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Spain <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/spain-breaks-up-covid-passport-forgery-ring-2022-01-25/">breaks up</a> COVID-19 passport forgery ring. </li> </ul> January 24 <ul> <li>New variant Omicron BA.2 <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/01/24/covid-omicron-ba2/">emerges</a> in parts of Asia and Europe.</li> </ul> January 23  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/chinas-beijing-orders-more-covid-tests-cases-mount-before-olympics-2022-01-23/">institutes</a> stricter COVID-19 restrictions as cases mount ahead of Beijing Olympics. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 15-January 21: France Approves Vaccine Passports; Hong Kong Culls Hamsters; State of Emergency in Japan</h2> January 21  <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/brazil-stop-unvaccinated-footballers-playing-top-leagues-2022-01-22/">prevents</a> unvaccinated soccer players from participating in top leagues.</li> <li>Belgium <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/belgium-announces-easing-covid-curbs-sets-need-boosters-after-five-months-2022-01-21/">eases</a> COVID-19 restrictions and encourages boosters after five months. </li> <li>France's Constitutional Council <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/frances-constitutional-council-clears-vaccine-pass-with-conditions-2022-01-21/">approves</a> vaccine passport initiative. </li> <li>Bangladesh <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-shuts-schools-coronavirus-cases-surge-2022-01-21/">closes</a> schools amid COVID-19 case surge. </li> <li>EU <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-health-ministers-seek-common-line-over-fourth-covid-vaccine-dose-2022-01-21/">tells</a> ministers to prepare for a fourth COVID-19 shot if needed. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/italy-set-aside-150-mln-euros-covid-vaccination-compensation-draft-2022-01-21/">sets up</a> a fund to compensate people suffering from side effects of COVID-19 vaccinations. </li> </ul> January 20  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/01/20/hong-kong-hamsters-covid/">culls</a> hamsters due to COVID-19 fears as part of China's "Zero-COVID" policy. </li> </ul> January 19  <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/19/world/asia/japan-places-tokyo-and-12-other-prefectures-under-a-quasi-state-of-emergency-because-of-omicron.html?searchResultPosition=7">places</a> Tokyo and twelve other prefectures under a state of emergency due to omicron. </li> </ul> January 18  <ul> <li>The U.S. Government <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/18/us/politics/government-website-covid-tests.html?searchResultPosition=4">launches</a> a website to help Americans access free COVID-19 test kits. </li> </ul> January 17  <ul> <li>The Philippines <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/17/world/asia/philippines-covid-surge-omicron.html?searchResultPosition=11">sees</a> a record surge in cases. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 7-January 14: Biden's Vaccine Mandate Struck Down; South Korea Approves Novovax Vaccine; Omicron Spreads in Europe</h2> January 14  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Netherlands <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/netherlands-ease-coronavirus-restrictions-despite-new-wave-infections-2022-01-14/">eases</a> COVID-19 restrictions. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Italy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/italys-sewers-will-give-early-alert-future-covid-spikes-2022-01-14/">announces</a> plans to use information from its sewage system to predict future coronavirus outbreaks. </li> </ul> January 13  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. Supreme Court <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/13/us/politics/supreme-court-biden-vaccine-mandate.html?searchResultPosition=6">rules against</a> President Joe Biden's vaccine mandate. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Polish scientists <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/polish-scientists-find-gene-that-doubles-risk-serious-covid-2022-01-13/">find a gene</a> that doubles the risk of a serious COVID-19 infection. </li> </ul> January 12  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/kyrgyzstan-reports-first-cases-omicron-covid-19-variant-2022-01-12/">report first cases</a> of omicron and a corresponding spike in cases.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Korea <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/01/12/novavax-vaccine-south-korea-authorization-covid/">approves</a> Novovax COVID-19 vaccine for adults. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Denmark <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/denmark-ease-coronavirus-restrictions-despite-omicron-surge-2022-01-12/">rolls out</a> fourth booster shot, while easing COVID-19 restrictions. </li> <li lang="EN-US">CDC <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-covid-hospitalizations-up-about-33-deaths-up-about-40-over-past-week-cdc-2022-01-12/">says</a> U.S. deaths from COVID-19 are due to delta, not omicron. </li> </ul> January 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/11/world/europe/who-europe-covid-omicron-infection.html?searchResultPosition=7">announces</a> that over half of Europe could be infected with omicron in the next 6-8 weeks.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">New Delhi <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/01/11/india-covid-doctors-shortage/">faces</a> major medical staff shortage as its nurses and doctors test positive for COVID-19. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Israel <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-shortens-covid-19-isolation-asymptomatic-cases-2022-01-11/">shortens</a> quarantine period to seven days for asymptomatic cases. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Colombia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/colombia-reduces-booster-vaccine-waiting-time-four-months-2022-01-12/ ">reduces</a> wait time for booster shots to four months. </li> </ul> January 10  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Nepal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/nepal-closes-schools-covid-19-cases-spike-2022-01-10/">closes</a> schools and bans large gatherings in response to case surge. </li> </ul> January 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">German Health Minister <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-health-minister-wants-revamp-covid-19-vaccination-strategy-2022-01-08/">announces</a> need to revamp Germany's COVID-19 vaccination strategy.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 31-January 6: Second Longest Lockdown; Influenza-COVID-19 Coinfections; Booster Shots for American Teens</h2> January 7  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Morocco <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/morocco-authorizes-mercks-molnupiravir-covid-19-2022-01-07/ ">authorizes</a> Merck's Molnupiravir COVID-19 treatment.</li> </ul> January 6  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Xi'an, China continues into <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/06/world/asia/china-xian-lockdown-covid.html?searchResultPosition=11">week four</a> of its lockdown, making it the world’s second longest.</li> <li lang="EN-US">White House to start <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/01/06/biden-covid-tests-usps/">shipping</a> COVID-19 test kits to American households.</li> <li lang="EN-US">The United States, Brazil, Italy, the Philippines and Hungary start <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/01/05/flurona-coronavirus-flu-symptoms/">reporting cases</a> of "flurona," or COVID-19 and Influenza coinfection.</li> </ul> January 5  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Italy to <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/italy-requires-coronavirus-vaccines-for-people-50-and-older/2022/01/05/6d5cab42-6e73-11ec-b1e2-0539da8f4451_story.html">require</a> COVID-19 vaccines for those age 50 and older. </li> </ul> January 4  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Hong Kong <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/04/world/hong-kong-expands-its-vaccine-requirements-as-it-fights-to-control-omicron.html?searchResultPosition=20">expands</a> its vaccine requirements to combat omicron.</li> <li lang="EN-US">France sees a <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/france-sees-record-271000-coronavirus-cases-in-single-day/2022/01/04/e2915ad6-6d90-11ec-b1e2-0539da8f4451_story.html">record</a> 271,000 cases in one day. </li> </ul> January 3  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/01/03/covid-booster-shots-teens/ ">approves</a> booster shots for children aged 12-15.</li> </ul> December 31  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">German Prime Minister Olaf Scholtz gives pandemic-focused <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/31/world/europe/germany-new-year-speech-olaf-scholz-covid.html?searchResultPosition=21">New Year's address</a> encouraging Germans to get vaccinated.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 23-December 30: Isolation Period Shortened; Israel Begins Trial for Fourth Dose; China Disinfects City</h2> December 27 <ul> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/s1227-isolation-quarantine-guidance.html">shortens</a> recommended COVID-19 isolation period to five days. </li> <li>Greece <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-23/greece-tightens-measures-in-a-bid-to-control-spread-of-covid-19">announces</a> new restrictions to curb the spread of omicron.</li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/12/27/israel-trial-covid-vaccine-fourth-dose/">begins trial</a> for fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li>World Bank <a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview#1">estimates</a> the pandemic pushed an additional 100 million people into poverty.</li> <li>Oman <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-digest-australias-new-south-wales-sees-first-omicron-death/a-60262192">bans people</a> who are not fully vaccinated from entering the workplace.</li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/27/world/asia/south-korea-pfizer-coronavirus-pill.html">approves</a> emergency use of Pfizer's COVID-19 pill.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-27/china-begins-city-wide-disinfection-of-xi-an-to-fight-outbreak">disinfects</a> a city of 13 million people in a bid to curb a delta-variant outbreak.</li> </ul> December 26 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-digest-france-records-over-100000-covid-19-infections-for-first-time/a-60255339">records</a> over 100,000 daily COVID-19 cases for the first time.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 16-December 23: FDA Approves COVID-19 Pill; Germany Records First Omicron Death</h2> December 23 <ul> <li>Italy imposes new restrictions to curb the spread of the omicron variant. </li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://nypost.com/2021/12/24/south-africa-eases-covid-rules-as-population-immunity/">relaxes</a> COVID-19 restrictions. </li> <li>FDA <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2021/12/23/fda-authorizes-mercks-covid-19-pill-but-stresses-its-use-should-be-limited/">authorizes</a> Merck's COVID-19 pill, the second on the market. </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/covid-germany-records-first-death-from-omicron-variant/a-60241594">records</a> its first death due to the omicron variant. </li> </ul> December 21 <ul> <li>Kuwait <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/kuwait-make-covid-19-vaccine-booster-compulsory-2021-12-20/">mandates</a> booster shots for incoming travelers. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 6-December 15: Italy Begins Testing Arrivals</h2> December 15 <ul> <li>Italy requires COVID-19 testing for arrivals. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 28- December 5: Travel Restrictions Imposed </h2> December 2 <ul> <li>Finland <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/finland-discovers-first-case-omicron-variant-coronavirus-2021-12-02/">reports</a> its first case of the Omicron variant.</li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/international/583973-south-korea-sets-new-infection-record-for-second-day">records</a> new record COVID-19 cases for the second consecutive day.</li> </ul> December 1 <ul> <li>U.S. President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/exclusive-us-extend-transit-mask-mandate-through-mid-march-sources-2021-12-01/">to extend</a> transportation mask mandate through March 2022.</li> <li>Japan overturns ban on inbound flights.</li> </ul> November 29 <ul> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/29/world/europe/uk-boosters-adults-omicron.html">extends</a> booster vaccines to all adults amidst concerns over Omicron variant.</li> <li>Israel, Morocco, and Japan ban international travel.</li> <li>The United States, United Kingdom, European Union, and Canada <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/29/world/europe/uk-boosters-adults-omicron.html">restrict travel</a> to passengers from South Africa.</li> </ul> November 28 <ul> <li>Canada <a href="https://www.axios.com/covid-19-omicron-variant-canada-af403d09-54e1-4de7-89b3-6bf39ea7d806.html">announces</a> the first Omicron case in North America.</li> <li>Doctors in South Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/safrican-doctor-says-patients-with-omicron-variant-have-very-mild-symptoms-2021-11-28/">announce</a> that Omicron patients display mild virus symptoms. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 20- November 27: Omicron Classified as Variant of Concern</h2> November 26 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/s1126-B11-529-omicron.html">classifies</a> Omicron as a variant of concern.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 4- November 12: Austria Announces Lockdown for the Unvaccinated; Germany Approves Booster Doses</h2> November 12 <ul> <li>Austria plans to approve a lockdown for the unvaccinated on November 14. </li> <li>Norway <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/norway-plans-third-covid-19-vaccine-dose-all-adults-2021-11-12/">announces </a>it will offer booster doses to everyone 18 years old and older. It will also begin issuing digital passes to curb infections. </li> </ul> November 11 <ul> <li>Russia's daily COVID-19 deaths <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-daily-covid-19-deaths-hover-near-record-high-2021-11-11/">hover near</a> record high.</li> <li>Malaysia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/malaysia-reopen-international-visitors-by-jan-1-govt-council-2021-11-11/">announces</a> it will open to international travelers starting January 1. </li> </ul> November 9 <ul> <li>Canada <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/canada-authorizes-pfizer-covid-vaccine-booster-adults-2021-11-09/">authorizes</a> COVID-19 boosters for adults.</li> </ul> November 6 <ul> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/skorea-purchase-70000-courses-new-pfizer-covid-19-pill-2021-11-06/">announces</a> it will purchase 70,000 doses of Pfizer's new COVID-19 pill.</li> </ul> November 5 <ul> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/action-needed-now-avoid-lockdown-say-german-state-leaders-2021-11-05/">approves</a> booster shots.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 28–November 4: CDC Endorses Pfizer Vaccine for Children; COVID-19 Deaths Surge in Germany; UK Approves COVID-19 Pill</h2> November 4 <ul> <li>United Kingdom <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/11/04/1052281073/uk-merck-molnupiravir-covid-drug">approves</a> Merck's COVID-19 pill in world first. </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/german-covid-19-cases-hit-daily-record-health-ministers-meet-2021-11-04/">reports</a> 33,949 new COVID-19 infections, a new daily record. </li> <li>Russia's <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-daily-covid-19-death-toll-hits-record-high-2021-11-04/">records</a> 1,195 COVID-19 deaths, an all-time daily high.</li> </ul> November 3 <ul> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/cop/hong-kong-launch-covid-19-booster-campaign-next-week-2021-11-03/">announces</a> it will launch a COVID-19 booster shot campaign. </li> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1455869992965181441?s=20">grants</a> emergency use listing for Bharat Biotech's Covaxin vaccine.  </li> </ul> November 2 <ul> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/02/health/covid-vaccine-children-cdc.html?action=click&module=RelatedLinks&pgtype=Article">endorses</a> the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for children aged 5 through 11.   </li> <li>Greece <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/unvaccinated-greeks-will-need-negative-covid-test-access-services-2021-11-02/">requires</a> unvaccinated citizens to show a negative COVID-19 test to access services. </li> <li>Ukraine <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/ukraine-criminalises-use-manufacture-bogus-covid-19-vaccine-certificates-2021-11-02/">criminalizes</a> use and manufacturing of false COVID-19 vaccine certificates. </li> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/new-zealand-seals-off-northern-region-over-suspected-spread-covid-19-2021-11-02/">seals off</a> its northern region over concerns of virus spread.</li> </ul> November 1 <ul> <li>The White House <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/vaccine-program-5-11-year-olds-be-fully-operational-by-next-week-white-house-2021-11-01/">announces</a> it will roll out 15 million COVID-19 vaccines doses to children. </li> <li>China says U.S. COVID-19 origins report is without credibility. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/us-gives-15-million-more-covid-19-vaccine-doses-taiwan-2021-10-31/">donates</a> 1.5 million vaccine doses to Taiwan.</li> <li>Indonesia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-authorises-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-children-aged-6-11-2021-11-01/">authorizes</a> Sinovac doses for children ages 6-11.</li> <li>Indonesia <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/01/health/novavax-vaccine-indonesia.html">becomes</a> the first country to authorize the protein based Novavax vaccine.</li> <li>Johns Hopkins University <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/01/world/5-million-covid-deaths.html">reports</a> that the coronavirus has killed more than five million people in less than two years.</li> </ul> October 30 <ul> <li>Mexico <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/mexico-receives-6-mln-covid-19-vaccines-pressure-grows-up-jabs-2021-10-30/">receives </a>6 million doses of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines.</li> <li>Philippines <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/philippines-logs-record-daily-covid-19-deaths-data-reclassified-2021-10-30/">records</a> it highest daily COVID-19 deaths, as data is reclassified. </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/britain-sending-millions-more-covid-doses-developing-nations-2021-10-30/">announces</a> it will send 20 million more vaccine doses to developing nations by the end of the year.</li> </ul> October 29 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-fda-expected-authorize-first-covid-19-vaccine-young-children-friday-nyt-2021-10-29/">authorizes</a> the Pfizer vaccine for children from 5-11 years old.</li> </ul> October 28 <ul> <li> ACT-A (Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator) <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/28-10-2021-new-act-accelerator-strategy-calls-investment">launched</a> a new 12-month plan that shifts focus to addressing inequalities to COVID-19 diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments in underserved and humanitarian settings.   </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 20–October 27: Africa Union Buys Vaccines; Mix-and-Match Booster Shots</h2> October 27 <ul> <li>African Union <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/exclusive-african-union-buy-up-110-million-moderna-covid-19-vaccines-officials-2021-10-26/">announces</a> it will purchase up to 110 million doses of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li> The Medicines Patent Pool and Merck announced that Merck has signed a voluntary licensing agreement for broader access to molnupiravir in low- and middle-income countries. Merck will allow other companies to manufacture generic versions of the drug without royalty payments.   </li> <li> The International Labor Organization reported that the uneven pandemic recovery widened the economic gap between highly vaccinated wealthier countries and poorer countries.   </li> </ul> October 26 <ul> <li>BioNTech <a href="https://investors.biontech.de/news-releases/news-release-details/biontech-plans-initiate-construction-mrna-vaccine-manufacturing">will start</a> to build a mRNA COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing facility in Rwanda and Senegal in mid-2022.  </li> </ul> October 24 <ul> <li>Eastern Europe <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/outbreak-worsens-covid-19-cases-eastern-europe-near-20-million-2021-10-24/">records</a> 20 million COVID-19 cases.</li> </ul> October 23 <ul> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/skorea-says-it-reaches-goal-70-vaccinations-covid-19-2021-10-23/">reaches</a> its goal to vaccinate 70 percent of its population.</li> </ul> October 22 <ul> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/us-cdc-signs-off-moderna-jj-covid-19-vaccine-boosters-mix-and-match-shots-2021-10-22/">approves</a> mixing-and-matching COVID-19 booster shots.</li> </ul> October 21 <ul> <li>Serum Institute of India’s CEO predicts it will resume exports to COVAX by end of October or early November.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 12–October 19: More Zero COVID-19 Strategies End; Moderna Booster Doses Recommended</h2> October 15 <ul> <li>FDA vaccine advisors fall short of recommending vaccine boosters to children younger than 18. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/exclusive-us-partly-lift-international-travel-curbs-nov-8-official-2021-10-15/#:~:text=WASHINGTON%2C%20Oct%2015%20(Reuters),as%20long%20as%2021%20months.">announces</a> it will lift restrictions for vaccinated travelers starting November 8. </li> </ul> October 14  <ul> <li> U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.fda.gov/media/152991/download">recommends</a> a Moderna booster for people aged 65 and older and the immunocompromised.   </li> <li> Russia <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2021/10/14/russia-sets-new-record-coronavirus-cases-fatalities-a75292">reports</a> a record number of COVID-19 infections and death, as the country struggles with low vaccine uptake.   </li> <li> The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/us-donates-17-million-jj-doses-african-union-2021-10-14/">donates</a> 17 million doses of Johnson & Johnson to the African Union.  </li> </ul> <ul> <li> The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-14/who-says-six-out-of-seven-african-covid-infections-undetected">warns</a> that six out of seven COVID-19 cases in Africa go undetected, which would mean the continents true case count could be higher than 50 million.   </li> </ul> October 13 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-resumes-vaccine-exports-domestic-stocks-build-up-officials-2021-10-13/">resumes</a> vaccine exports since a ban this April.  </li> </ul> October 12  <ul> <li> The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/white-house-to-ease-overland-border-crossings-from-mexico-and-canada/2021/10/12/690e71e0-2bc2-11ec-985d-3150f7e106b2_story.html">announces</a> it will reopen its land borders with Canada and Mexico for vaccinated travelers.    </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 4–October 11: More Zero COVID-19 Strategies End; WHO Recommends Boosters </h2> October 11  <ul> <li> The World Health Organization <a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F10%2F11%2Fworld%2Fcovid-immunocompromised-third-shot.html&data=04%7C01%7Cskiernan%40cfr.org%7Cedac75de585b407d29d808d98e5445c7%7C146cc3db32f24b3c815625bcc3553464%7C0%7C0%7C637697314853745327%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=JNW2Im%2BmAzh9f%2Bp5t6z5xLChj0M%2F%2FjPr51hQsOBmfmM%3D&reserved=0">recommends</a> additional dose of coronavirus vaccine for severely or moderately immunocompromised people, regardless of vaccine received, and a third dose for people 60 years and over who received Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines.  </li> <li> Merck <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/merck-asks-fda-to-authorize-promising-covid-19-pill-11633946402?page=4">applies</a> for FDA authorization of molnupiravir, a COVID-19 antiviral drug that reportedly cuts the risk of hospitalization or death by about 50 percent among high-risk people with mild to moderate COVID-19.   </li> </ul> October 8  <ul> <li> Brazil <a href="https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-sao-paulo-brazil-pandemics-health-a3b942b05aa1ce3df5a1a53cbdacc3c6">reports</a> more than 600,000 deaths from COVID-19—just the second country to do so.    </li> </ul> October 7  <ul> <li> WHO <a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F10%2F07%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fnorth-korea-who-covid-pandemic.html&data=04%7C01%7Cskiernan%40cfr.org%7Cedac75de585b407d29d808d98e5445c7%7C146cc3db32f24b3c815625bcc3553464%7C0%7C0%7C637697314853735335%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=2gWaa7GCgiamhXu6%2BbTU4FgFLibErWLywzskc%2B8Eimk%3D&reserved=0">resumes</a> shipment of COVID-19 medical supplies to North Korea, who restricted cross-border traffic and trade for the past two years.  </li> <li> Pfizer <a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fpfizer-asks-fda-to-approve-covid-19-vaccine-in-young-children-11633610319%3Fpage%3D7&data=04%7C01%7Cskiernan%40cfr.org%7Cedac75de585b407d29d808d98e5445c7%7C146cc3db32f24b3c815625bcc3553464%7C0%7C0%7C637697314853735335%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=xdYyO7mXrGRHnBJF2%2BCxs6A3q3nj0Ok8aozyZOktbAU%3D&reserved=0">submits</a> the application for FDA authorization to administer COVID-19 vaccines to children 5–11 years old.  </li> <li> Moderna <a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fmoderna-to-build-vaccine-manufacturing-plant-in-africa-11633586400%3Fpage%3D8&data=04%7C01%7Cskiernan%40cfr.org%7Cedac75de585b407d29d808d98e5445c7%7C146cc3db32f24b3c815625bcc3553464%7C0%7C0%7C637697314853745327%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=LzmrnChwMW2oya3PLjxL8HbmQ1ZWac64EAYlAppJx64%3D&reserved=0">announces </a>plan to build a mRNA manufacturing plant in Africa with production capacity of 500 million doses per year.   </li> </ul> October 6  <ul> <li> Sweden and Denmark <a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-10-06%2Fsweden-halts-moderna-s-covid-vaccine-for-people-aged-30-or-under%3Fcmpid%3DBBD100621_BIZ%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_source%3Dnewsletter%26utm_term%3D211006%26utm_campaign%3Dbloombergdaily&data=04%7C01%7Cskiernan%40cfr.org%7Cedac75de585b407d29d808d98e5445c7%7C146cc3db32f24b3c815625bcc3553464%7C0%7C0%7C637697314853725342%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=Lbq2IHPy9ZPyWPx0gzXH1AZYYBUyyT7QThiZ3h0DV8s%3D&reserved=0">halt</a> Moderna vaccinations for people aged 30 and younger, citing new data on increased risk of hearth inflammation.  </li> </ul> October 4 <ul> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-business-health-new-zealand-auckland-829fc4cd04e68e9e3b264ac03418aeaf">acknowledges</a> that it will no longer pursue a zero COVID-19 strategy, following a prolonged outbreak due to the Delta variant.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 27–October 3: Without Access to Doses, African Nations Lag Behind in Vaccination</h2> October 2 <ul> <li>Russia's health minister <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-sees-no-hurdles-who-approval-sputnik-v-vaccine-2021-10-02/">says</a> he sees no hurdles to WHO approval for Sputnik V. </li> </ul> October 1 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/01/world/asia/covid-india-uk-quarantine.html">imposes</a> a quarantine requirement on travelers from the United Kingdom regardless of their vaccination status, following a similar British decision against Indian travelers. </li> <li>Pharmaceutical company Merck <a href="https://www.merck.com/news/merck-and-ridgebacks-investigational-oral-antiviral-molnupiravir-reduced-the-risk-of-hospitalization-or-death-by-approximately-50-percent-compared-to-placebo-for-patients-with-mild-or-moderat/">announces</a> its experimental oral pill reduces the risk of hospitalization or death from COVID-19 by approximately 50 percent.</li> <li>Australia <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/australia-to-end-travel-ban-in-pivot-to-living-with-covid-19-11633071665">overhauls</a> its travel restrictions for fully vaccinated Australian citizens and permanent residents, planning to reopen its border for the first time since 2020.</li> </ul> September 30 <ul> <li>Only nine African nations <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/30/world/africa/africa-covid-vaccine.html">meet</a> WHO’s goal of vaccinating at least 10 percent of their population by the end of September.</li> <li>The United States surpasses 700,000 reported deaths from COVID-19. </li> </ul> September 29 <ul> <li>The International Olympic Committee <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/29/sports/olympics/winter-olympics-beijing-restrictions.html">releases</a> plans for a “closed-loop” 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, which would create a bubble-like environment for athletes, officials, and media. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 19–September 26: Wealthy Nations Donate New Doses; COVID-19 Dominates at UN General Assembly (UNGA)</h2> September 26 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210925-france-to-double-covid-vaccine-doses-for-poorer-countries">commits</a> to donating 120 million doses by the end of 2021. </li> </ul> September 25 <ul> <li>Vietnam <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/vietnam-relax-covid-19-restrictions-revive-pandemic-hit-economy-2021-09-25/">announces</a> it will abandon its zero-COVID strategy after months of a severe Delta variant outbreak.</li> </ul> September 24 <ul> <li>At the Quad Leaders’ Summit, India <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/09/24/fact-sheet-quad-leaders-summit/">announces</a> it will allow some exports of vaccines to resume in October 2021. </li> </ul> September 23 <ul> <li>African leaders <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/9/23/african-leaders-highlight-vaccine-inequity-in-un-speeches">highlight</a> global vaccine inequity at UNGA, with some leaders calling the gap “vaccine apartheid.” </li> </ul> September 22 <ul> <li>U.S. President Biden <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/09/22/remarks-by-president-biden-at-virtual-global-covid-19-summit/">hosts</a> a virtual COVID-19 summit, attended by most major vaccine donors and providers. China and Russia notably do not attend. In addition to their existing pledges to donate vaccines, the United States <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/billions-committed-millions-delivered">pledges</a> 500 million doses, the European Union pledges 50 million, Australia pledges 40 million, and Japan pledges 30 million.</li> <li>The United States and European Union <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/09/22/united-stateseuropean-commission-joint-statement/?utm_source=twitter">launch</a> a joint COVID-19 Manufacturing and Supply Chain Taskforce.  </li> </ul> September 21 <ul> <li>Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/21/world/americas/bolsonaro-covid-vaccine-un.html">attends</a> the UNGA unvaccinated and defends the use of ineffective drugs.</li> <li>Brazil’s health minister—also in attendance at UNGA—<a href="https://twitter.com/mqueiroga2/status/1440487297095405571">tests</a> positive for COVID-19. </li> </ul> September 20 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.npr.org/2021/09/20/1038912216/white-house-says-vaccinated-foreign-nationals-will-be-allowed-to-fly-to-the-u-s">announces</a> plans to lift travel bans on some fully vaccinated international travelers.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 11–September 18: U.S. FDA Rejects Widespread Booster Shots; Possible Trouble for Sputnik V</h2> September 17 <ul> <li>The U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-17/two-fda-panel-members-question-need-for-broad-booster-approval">rejects</a> broad use of booster shots for all Americans. </li> </ul> September 16 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/16/world/china-covid-vaccine.html?smid=tw-share">reports</a> that it has fully vaccinated one billion people representing 71 percent of China’s population.  </li> </ul> September 15 <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/15/world/eu-health-agency-pandemic-covid.html">announces</a> the creation of a new biomedical authority designed to better respond to future pandemics. </li> <li>WHO is rumored to <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2021/09/15/who-suspended-sputnik-v-approval-process-over-manufacturing-breaches-a75058">suspend</a> its approval process for Russia’s Sputnik V vaccine over manufacturing concerns. </li> </ul> September 14 <ul> <li>WHO-backed vaccine hub for Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/exclusive-who-backed-vaccine-hub-africa-copy-moderna-covid-19-shot-2021-09-14/">announces</a> it will copy Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 3–September 10: U.S. Vaccine Mandate and Smaller COVAX Forecast  </h2> September 10 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/zxxx_662805/t1906191.shtml">commits</a> to donate 100 million doses of vaccines by the end of 2021.</li> </ul> September 9 <ul> <li>U.S. President Biden <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/09/09/executive-order-on-requiring-coronavirus-disease-2019-vaccination-for-federal-employees/">issues</a> an executive order mandating vaccination for federal employees and <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/covidplan/">puts forth</a> a plan to require all employers with more than 100 employees to ensure their workforce is vaccinated.</li> </ul> September 8 <ul> <li>A new report <a href="https://t.co/lgZKyLal7i?amp=1">details</a> how chronic diseases such as cancer and diabetes are worsening the toll of COVID-19 and leaving the world more vulnerable for the next pandemic.</li> <li>COVAX <a href="https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/joint-covax-statement-supply-forecast-2021-and-early-2022">lowers</a> its 2021 supply forecast from 2 billion doses to 1.425 billion doses in 2021, reflecting export restrictions, delays in regulatory approval, and challenges in scaling up manufacturing. </li> </ul> September 7 <ul> <li>The Seychelles <a href="http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/15446/COVID+vaccines+from+Pfizer%2C+meant+for+Seychelles%27+youths%2C+to+arrive+Wednesday">becomes</a> the first African nation to offer booster shots.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 26–September 2: U.S. Origins Investigation Offers Little New Evidence</h2> August 30 <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/eu-recommends-halting-nonessential-travel-from-u-s-over-covid-19-11630338273?mod=article_inline">recommends</a> halting nonessential travel from the United States due to a rise in COVID-19 cases.</li> </ul> August 27 <ul> <li>The U.S. intelligence community <a href="https://www.dni.gov/files/ODNI/documents/assessments/Unclassified-Summary-of-Assessment-on-COVID-19-Origins.pdf">finds</a> that both spillover and lab accident theories are plausible for COVID-19 origins. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 18–August 25: FDA Grants Pfizer Vaccine Full Approval</h2> August 23 <ul> <li>The Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/08/23/world/covid-delta-variant-vaccine">grants full approval</a> to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.</li> </ul> August 18 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-start-offering-covid-19-vaccine-booster-doses-september-2021-08-18/">to begin offering</a> COVID-19 booster shots in September.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 10–August 17: Quebec Announces Vaccine Passports; FDA to Authorize Third Dose</h2> August 11 <ul> <li>The Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/11/us/politics/third-vaccine-dose-approval.html">to authorize</a> third COVID-19 vaccine for people with weak immune systems. </li> </ul> August 10 <ul> <li>Quebec <a href="https://montreal.ctvnews.ca/covid-19-vaccine-passports-coming-to-quebec-on-sept-1-to-limit-fourth-wave-damage-1.5541534">to implement</a> vaccine passports starting September 1. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 2–August 9: France Introduces Health Passes; U.S. Reaches 70 Percent Vaccination; WHO Calls for a Moratorium on Booster Shots</h2> August 8 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/france/20210809-france-to-implement-coronavirus-health-pass-despite-protests">introduces</a> "health passes" in a bid to curb the transmission of COVID-19.</li> </ul> August 5 <ul> <li>California <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/d0f659ef-d2f5-428d-bd19-b8d8fd0e0f97">becomes</a> the first U.S. state to mandate COVID-19 vaccinations for all health workers. </li> <li>Novavax <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/novavax-again-delays-seeking-us-approval-covid-19-vaccine-2021-08-05/">delays seeking</a> U.S. approval for its COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li>Amazon <a href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/amazon-delays-office-return-until-next-year-memo-2021-08-05/">delays</a> its return to office until 2022.</li> </ul> August 4 <ul> <li>USAID <a href="https://www.usaid.gov/news-information/press-releases/aug-4-2021-usaid-announces-720-million-covid-19-response-and-recovery-worldwide">announces</a> $720 million for COVID-19 response and recovery globally.</li> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/who-calls-moratorium-covid-19-vaccine-booster-doses-until-september-end-2021-08-04/">calls for a moratorium</a> on booster shots until the end of September.</li> </ul> August 2 <ul> <li>United States <a href="https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-health-coronavirus-pandemic-e33cc7e3eb782ceffdc9107a7cac25ab">reaches a 70 percent</a> vaccination rate.</li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/02/world/europe/coronavirus-booster-shots-germany.html">to offer</a> COVID-19 booster shots starting in September. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 25–August 1: California and New York City Require COVID-19 Vaccines; White House Reimposes Mask Mandate; Israel Offers a Third Dose of COVID-19 Vaccines</h2> July 29 <ul> <li>England <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/uks-johnson-is-talking-with-us-covid-travel-corridor-2021-07-28/">scraps mandatory</a> two-week quarantine from travelers from the United States and European Union.</li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/07/29/1022334531/israel-covid-booster-shot-vaccine-coronavirus">to offer a third</a> dose of COVID-19 vaccine to citizens over 60.</li> </ul> July 28 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-28/u-s-pledges-5-7-million-pfizer-vaccine-shots-to-south-africa">pledges 5.7 million</a> COVID-19 vaccine doses to South Africa, its largest donation yet.</li> </ul> July 27 <ul> <li>The White House <a href="https://www.axios.com/white-house-reimposes-mask-mandate-2378a946-cb95-419c-af73-ea320ce99a7f.html">reimposes</a> indoor mask mandate.</li> <li>CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/fully-vaccinated-guidance.html#:~:text=confirmed%20COVID%2D19-,Fully%20vaccinated%20people%20who%20have%20come%20into%20close%20contact%20with,isolate%20if%20they%20test%20positive.">advises</a> that fully vaccinated people exposed to COVID-19 get tested for the virus three to five days after exposure.</li> <li>CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/k-12-guidance.html">says all students</a> and staff should wear masks during the 2021-2022 school year.</li> <li>Fully vaccinated people <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/variants/delta-variant.html">can catch and spread</a> the Delta variant, CDC says.</li> </ul> July 25 <ul> <li>California, New York City, and the Department of Veterans Affairs <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/26/covid-california-new-york-city-department-of-veterans-affairs-vaccine-mandate">mandate all</a> government workers to receive the COVID-19 vaccine or undergo weekly testing.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 17–July 24: Pfizer Seeks Full FDA Approval; France Requires Negative COVID Test</h2> July 21 <ul> <li>Moderna <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/moderna-plans-to-expand-production-to-make-covid-19-vaccine-boosters-supply-more-countries-11624273200">expands</a> COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing to meet global needs.</li> </ul> July 19 <ul> <li>Pfizer <a href="https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2021/07/19/covid19-vaccine-pfizer-pandemic-fda-sackler-purdue-opioids/">seeks</a> full FDA approval of its COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> July 17 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20210717-france-to-require-24-hour-old-covid-test-for-some-unvaccinated-eu-arrivals">will require</a> a negative COVID-19 test within 24 hours from some European travelers. </li> <li>The <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20210717-first-covid-19-case-detected-in-tokyo-olympic-village">first case</a> of COVID-19 is detected in Tokyo's Olympic village.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 9–July 16: One in Five U.S. COVID Cases Come from Florida; Singapore Delays Lifting Restrictions</h2> July 16 <ul> <li>The U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/16/health/cdc-warning-covid-19-vaccine-immunocompromised/index.html">warns that</a> COVID-19 vaccines might not protect immunocompromised people.</li> <li>One in five U.S. COVID-19 cases <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/press-briefings/2021/07/22/press-briefing-by-white-house-covid-19-response-team-and-public-health-officials-46/">were recorded</a> in Florida over the past week.</li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3141467/singapore-reimposes-coronavirus-curbs-karaoke-bar">delays</a> lifting restrictions after a cluster of cases linked to karaoke lounges forces 2,000 people to quarantine.</li> </ul> July 14 <ul> <li>Greece, France, and Italy <a href="https://www.fox6now.com/news/france-greece-italy-mandate-covid-19-vaccine-for-health-care-workers">mandate </a>COVID-19 vaccines for all essential workers. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 1–July 8: EU Travel Pass Goes Live; Weekly cases of COVID-19 in Children in the U.S. Drops to Lowest Since May 2020</h2> July 1 <ul> <li>The EU Digital COVID Certificate goes live in Europe. </li> <li>Indonesian President Joko Widodo <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-emergency-covid-19-curbs-be-effective-july-2-20-minister-2021-07-01/">imposes</a> new emergency measures to contain an exponential increase in coronavirus cases and deaths.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 23–June 30: IMF Considering Massive Funding Plan; Cases Surge in Latin America and Africa; Delta Variant Goes Global </h2> June 30 <ul> <li>A new study <a href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/why-are-young-cancer-survivors-concerned-about-covid-19-vaccination">raises</a> concerns about vaccine hesitancy among young survivors of cancer in the United States.</li> <li>Public Health Scotland <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-57667163">identifies</a> nearly 2,000 cases linked to watching Euro 2020 soccer games.</li> </ul> June 29 <ul> <li>Weekly cases of COVID-19 in children in the U.S. <a href="https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.cnn.com/cnn/us/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-06-25-21/index.html">drops</a> to lowest since May 2020.</li> <li>Moderna <a href="https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-provides-clinical-update-neutralizing-activity-its-covid">says</a> that its vaccine produces protective antibodies against the Delta variant.</li> <li>North Korean leader Kim Jong Un <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/northkorea-coronavirus-covid-crisis/2021/06/29/b35dfd36-d93a-11eb-8c87-ad6f27918c78_story.html">warns</a> of a “great crisis” due to lapses in COVID-19 protocol by government officials. </li> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-28/dose-mixing-shows-strong-response-u-k-cases-jump-virus-update">reaches</a> 60 percent of adults vaccinated with at least one shot and 41 percent fully vaccinated. </li> </ul> June 28 <ul> <li>South Africa’s official death toll from COVID-19 <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-27/south-africa-lockdown-wuhan-scientist-speaks-out-virus-update">surpasses</a> 60,000. </li> <li>Portugal and Spain <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-27/south-africa-lockdown-wuhan-scientist-speaks-out-virus-update">impose</a> new restrictions on visitors arriving from the United Kingdom, and Hong Kong bans passenger flights from the United Kingdom.</li> <li>The African Union and Africa CDC <a href="https://africacdc.org/download/statement-on-covishield-and-the-european-union-eu-digital-covid-certificate-green-pass/">criticize</a> the EU Digital COVID Certificate for not including Covishield, the India-manufactured version of AstraZeneca. </li> </ul> June 27 <ul> <li>Bangkok, Thailand <a href="https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/bangkok-9-provinces-restrict-movements-to-curb-rising-cases/">announces</a> 30-day ban on indoor dining and gatherings of more than 20 people amidst rising cases. </li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/27/south-africa-expected-tighten-covid-rules-third-wave-gathers-pace">tightens</a> COVID-19 restrictions, including banning all gatherings, alcohol sales, and indoor dining in some areas, as the country battles the Delta variant. </li> </ul> June 26 <ul> <li>UK Health Secretary Matt Hancock, who led the country’s response to COVID-19, <a href="https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/coronavirus-daily-news-updates-june-26-what-to-know-today-about-covid-19-in-the-seattle-area-washington-state-and-the-world-2/%3famp=1">resigns</a> after breaking UK COVID-19 rules. </li> <li>The first cruise ship to leave a U.S. port since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic <a href="https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/coronavirus-daily-news-updates-june-26-what-to-know-today-about-covid-19-in-the-seattle-area-washington-state-and-the-world-2/%3famp=1">sails</a> away. </li> <li>A quarantine-free travel corridor between Australia and New Zealand <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2021/06/74f36434560a-coronavirus-outbreak-latest-june-26-2021.html">is suspended</a> following a surge in cases in Sydney, Australia. </li> </ul> June 25 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/coronavirus-daily-news-updates-june-26-what-to-know-today-about-covid-19-in-the-seattle-area-washington-state-and-the-world-2/%3famp=1">announces</a> a plan to donate 1 million COVID-19 vaccines each to Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand. </li> <li>The WHO <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisondurkee/2021/06/25/who-urges-fully-vaccinated-people-to-continue-wearing-masks-as-delta-variant-spreads-but-no-word-from-cdc/?sh=766a28db41f9">recommends</a> that even fully vaccinated people should keep wearing masks and social distancing to combat the Delta variant. </li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/virus-czar-says-indoor-mask-rule-could-be-back-friday-as-daily-cases-top-200/">reimposes</a> its indoor mask requirement as the Delta variant fuels a surge in cases.</li> </ul> June 24 <ul> <li>The International Monetary Fund <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/24/business/international-monetary-fund-sdr.html">is finalizing</a> a proposal to issue $650 billion worth of reserve funds that would allow countries to purchase vaccines, finance health care, and pay down debt.</li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-23/brazil-cases-hit-record-heart-risks-extremely-low-virus-update">receives</a> 3 million donated Johnson & Johnson vaccines from the United States, and Venezuela welcomes its first consignment of Cuba’s Abdala vaccine. </li> <li>Hungary <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-23/brazil-cases-hit-record-heart-risks-extremely-low-virus-update">announces</a> a plan to end the indoor mask requirement once 5.5 million people have received at least one dose of the vaccine. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2021/06/9bf579751c12-japan-speeds-up-covid-vaccinations-reaches-1-mil-daily-shots-target.html">reaches</a> its target of administering one million doses per day in its push to vaccine as many citizens as possible before the Olympics.</li> </ul> June 23 <ul> <li>The European Center for Disease Prevention and Control <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/23/world/europe/covid-europe-delta-variant.html">warns</a> that the Delta variant is expected to account for 90 percent of all coronavirus cases in the European Union by the end of August. </li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-sets-new-single-day-record-with-over-115000-coronavirus-cases-2021-06-23/">sets</a> a single-day domestic record for new coronavirus cases, registering more than 115,000 cases in twenty-four hours. </li> <li>At least 10 percent of the world’s population is fully vaccinated against COVID-19. </li> <li>Colombia becomes the tenth country to report more than 100,000 deaths from COVID-19. The other nine countries are the United States, Brazil, India, Italy, France, Mexico, Peru, Russia, and the United Kingdom.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 15–June 22: CureVac Results Disappoint; Mixed Success for Vaccine Transfers; Concerns Grow Over the Delta Variant</h2> June 22 <ul> <li>Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/21/asia/philippines-duterte-covid-vaccine-jail-intl-hnk/index.html">threatens</a> to arrest Filipinos who refuse COVID-19 vaccination.</li> <li>A study <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-effective-against-variants-found-india-2021-06-22/">finds</a> that AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccine is effective against the Delta and Kappa variants. </li> <li>Cuba <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/cuba-says-abdala-vaccine-9228-effective-against-coronavirus-2021-06-21/">reports</a> its Abdala vaccine has 92.28 percent efficacy after three shots in last-stage clinical trials. </li> <li>German Chancellor Angela Merkel <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-57571791">receives</a> a Moderna vaccine as her second dose following a first dose of AstraZeneca. </li> </ul> June 21 <ul> <li>Indonesia <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/indonesia-records-largest-day-jump-covid-infections-78397170">records</a> its largest one-day jump in COVID-19 infections. </li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-06-21-21/h_2020e6c3a88cc75834afd868b7ecf7a3">announces</a> plan to lift all COVID-19 curfews.</li> <li>The Biden administration <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/21/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-announces-allocation-plan-for-55-million-doses-to-be-shared-globally/">publishes</a> its allocation plan for 55 million COVID-19 donated vaccine doses abroad.</li> <li>South Africa and the World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/21-06-2021-who-supporting-south-african-consortium-to-establish-first-covid-mrna-vaccine-technology-transfer-hub">announce</a> plans to establish the first COVID-19 mRNA vaccine technology transfer hub. </li> </ul> June 20 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/20/asia/china-one-billion-doses-intl/index.html">administers</a> more than one billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines.</li> <li>The Philippines <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-signs-deal-40-mln-pfizerbiontech-vaccine-doses-report-2021-06-20/">signs</a> a supply agreement for 40 million doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, its biggest COVID-19 vaccine deal to date. </li> </ul> June 19 <ul> <li>Moscow <a href="https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-06-19-21/index.html">records</a> highest daily increase in COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>Tokyo <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2021/06/deb0f7a6482f-urgent-all-olympic-live-viewing-events-in-tokyo-to-be-canceled-koike.html">cancels</a> all Olympic public viewing events due to COVID-19. </li> <li>Uganda <a href="https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/uganda-imposes-42-day-covid-19-lockdown">reimposes</a> a 42-day lockdown as COVID-19 infections surge. </li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/miscellaneous/covid-19/brazil-surpasses-500000-covid-19-deaths-says-media-consortium/">reports</a> more than 500,000 deaths from COVID-19, the second highest confirmed death toll in the world. </li> </ul> June 18 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-06-18-21/index.html">announces</a> that the Delta variant is likely to become globally dominant. </li> <li>The Palestinian Authority <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-17/u-k-cases-surge-bofa-sets-office-return-plan-virus-update">cancels</a> an agreement to exchange vaccines with Israel after finding that the doses being sent were about to expire. </li> <li>A Brazilian Senate inquiry <a href="https://www.democracynow.org/2021/6/18/headlines">reveals</a> that President Bolsonaro ignored Pfizer’s offers to supply COVID-19 vaccines. </li> <li>The U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/18/health/us-coronavirus-friday/index.html">says</a> the Delta variant is likely to become the predominant variant in the United States in a few months. </li> </ul> June 17 <ul> <li>The Biden administration <a href="https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-06-17-21/index.html">announces</a> $3 billion in funding for a COVID-19 antiviral development strategy. </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/coronavirus-daily-news-updates-june-17-what-to-know-today-about-covid-19-in-the-seattle-area-washington-state-and-the-world-2/">records</a> over 10,000 cases for the first time since February. </li> <li>Tanzania <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/after-a-year-of-denying-covid-19-tanzania-orders-vaccines-11623938431">ends</a> its no-vaccine policy and submits a formal request to the COVAX facility to receive vaccines. </li> </ul> June 16 <ul> <li>CureVac’s vaccine candidate <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-16/curevac-covid-shot-falls-short-with-47-efficacy-in-early-result">falls short</a> of 50 percent efficacy in interim clinical trial results. </li> <li>Moscow, Russia, <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2021/06/16/moscow-orders-mandatory-vaccinations-for-service-workers-as-covid-19-cases-surge-a74231">mandates</a> that 60 percent of service sector workers must be vaccinated by August 15. </li> <li>European Union <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/06/16/coronavirus-covid-live-updates-us/#link-4ZOTRIHRL5CALDDDCKCWDRQH6Q">recommends</a> lifting ban on U.S. travelers. </li> </ul> June 15 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/06/15/1006186695/the-u-s-has-hit-600-000-covid-deaths-more-than-any-other-country">reaches</a> 600,000 deaths from COVID-19, the most confirmed fatalities of any country. </li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://apnews.com/article/africa-south-africa-business-coronavirus-pandemic-health-c8e60649da53ae90353f7b91d56f0354">imposes</a> tighter lockdown restrictions as cases surge. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 7–June 14: One Billion Donated Doses; Johnson & Johnson Contamination; European Divide on TRIPS Waiver</h2> June 14 <ul> <li>Iran <a href="https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-germany-europe-g-7-summit-coronavirus-pandemic-4f651d5bd7a83606a4de0c321b8a037a">approves</a> its first homegrown COVID-19 vaccine. </li> <li>Novavax’s vaccine candidate <a href="https://ir.novavax.com/news-releases/news-release-details/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-demonstrates-90-overall-efficacy-and">demonstrates</a> 90 percent overall efficacy and 100 percent efficacy against moderate and severe COVID-19 in phase III trials. </li> </ul> June 13 <ul> <li>G7 nations <a href="https://www.g7uk.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Carbis-Bay-G7-Summit-Communique-PDF-430KB-25-pages-3.pdf">pledge</a> to donate a total of one billion vaccines to the world.</li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-13/south-africa-to-dispose-of-2-million-contaminated-j-j-vaccines">announces</a> it will dispose of two million Johnson & Johnson vaccines. </li> <li>The Copa America <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/13/copa-america-opens-in-brazil-against-backdrop-of-covid-crisis">opens</a> in Brazil after Argentina and Colombia were forced to withdraw from hosting due to social unrest and surging COVID-19 infections. </li> </ul> June 12 <ul> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/12/saudi-arabia-to-allow-60000-vaccinated-residents-to-perform-hajj">bans</a> foreign pilgrims from Hajj and sets a maximum of 60,000 pilgrims, all of which must be vaccinated. </li> <li>Canada <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/12/world/canada-jj-vaccine.html">rejects</a> 300,000 doses of Johnson & Johnson vaccine made in the United States. </li> <li>Doctors in China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/12/world/china-covid-delta-variant-guangzhou.html">warn</a> the Delta variant of COVID-19 produces different and more dangerous symptoms than those of the initial variant in China. </li> </ul> June 11 <ul> <li>U.S. federal regulators <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/06/11/coronavirus-covid-live-updates-us/">require</a> Johnson & Johnson to scrap 60 million doses of its one-shot coronavirus vaccine due to possible contamination. </li> </ul> June 10 <ul> <li>European Parliament <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20210604IPR05514/parliament-calls-for-covid-19-vaccine-patent-waiver">calls</a> for a temporary COVID-19 vaccine patent waiver, despite the European Commission’s continued opposition to a TRIPS waiver.  </li> </ul> June 9 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/biden-vaccine-donate/2021/06/09/c2744674-c934-11eb-93fa-9053a95eb9f2_story.html">announces</a> it is buying and donating 500 million Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines to the 92 AMC COVAX countries and African Union. </li> </ul> June 7 <ul> <li>U.S. senators <a href="https://en.appledaily.com/us-senators-visiting-taiwan-announce-donation-of-750-000-coronavirus-vaccines/H33UIEWX6FDS5KLZ6D75DYV5JM?utm_campaign=hkad_social_AppleDailyENG&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter">announce</a> a donation of 750,000 vaccine doses to Taiwan. </li> <li>Indian Prime Minister Modi <a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1725113">reverses</a> his previous decision and commits to providing free vaccines to all Indian citizens above eighteen years-old. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 30–June 6: Approvals for Sinovac; More Doses and Donations for COVAX </h2> June 5 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3136177/china-approves-covid-19-vaccine-children-young-three">approves</a> Sinovac for use in children as young as three, becoming the first country to approve a COVID-19 vaccine for use among such a young age group. </li> </ul> June 3 <ul> <li>U.S. President Biden <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/02/fact-sheet-president-biden-to-announce-national-month-of-action-to-mobilize-an-all-of-america-sprint-to-get-more-people-vaccinated-by-july-4th/?">announces</a> a goal of vaccinating 70 percent of Americans with at least one dose by July 4, 2021. </li> <li>The White House <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/03/statement-by-president-joe-biden-on-global-vaccine-distribution/">announces</a> a global vaccine distribution plan.</li> <li>The world reaches one billion vaccine doses administered. </li> </ul> June 2 <ul> <li>Japan and Gavi <a href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/ic/ghp/page1e_000326.html">cohost</a> the COVAX AMC summit, leading to vaccine donation pledges from several countries, including 30 million from Japan and 15 million from Spain.</li> <li>UNICEF <a href="https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/unicef%E2%80%AFsigns-covid-19-vaccine%E2%80%AFsupply%E2%80%AFagreement-moderna">signs</a> a long-term supply contract with Moderna on behalf of COVAX for up to 34 million doses in 2021. </li> </ul> June 1 <ul> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/01/world/middleeast/israel-covid-restrictions.html">retires</a> its Green Pass and allows equal access to restaurants, sports events, and cultural activities for vaccinated and unvaccinated citizens. </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/06/01/coronavirus-covid-live-updates-us/">reports</a> no new deaths from COVID-19 for the first time since March 2020. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/01-06-2021-who-validates-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-and-issues-interim-policy-recommendations">approves</a> the Sinovac vaccine for emergency use. </li> </ul> May 31 <ul> <li>WHO Director-General Tedros Abhanom Ghebreyesus <a href="https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/director-general-s-closing-remarks-at-the-world-health-assembly---31-may-2021">proposes</a> a global pandemic treaty at the final day of the World Health Assembly. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 22–May 29: Pandemic Origins Remain Muddled; Vaccine Inequity Widens</h2> May 28 <ul> <li>Malaysia <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/28/malaysia-pm-orders-total-lockdown-amid-covid-19-surge">orders</a> a nationwide, “total lockdown” to begin in June as the country faces its worse surge of COVID-19 yet. </li> </ul> May 27 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/macron-covid-vaccine-doses-rwanda-3416068">donates</a> over 100,000 doses of AstraZeneca to Rwanda. </li> <li>Kenya <a href="https://www.health.go.ke/article-on-vaccination-of-the-2nd-dose-of-covishield/">announces</a> it will begin administering second doses of AstraZeneca vaccines, twelve weeks after the start of the country’s vaccination campaign.  </li> <li>COVAX <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/27-05-2021-covax-joint-statement-call-to-action-to-equip-covax-to-deliver-2-billion-doses-in-2021">calls on</a> wealthy nations to share at least one billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines in 2021. </li> </ul> May 26 <ul> <li>U.S. President Joe Biden <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/05/26/statement-by-president-joe-biden-on-the-investigation-into-the-origins-of-covid-19/">asks</a> the U.S. intelligence community to analyze the origins of the COVID-19 pandemic and produce a report within 90 days. </li> </ul> May 25 <ul> <li>Argentina <a href="https://t.co/nx6YpJU24f?amp=1">rejects</a> a donation of 15,000 vaccine doses from Chile. </li> <li>EU leaders <a href="https://apnews.com/article/europe-coronavirus-vaccine-coronavirus-pandemic-health-8e166b01415dc522efa1252d155afaae">pledge</a> to donate 100 million doses of vaccines by the end of 2021. </li> </ul> May 24 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3134656/coronavirus-china-passes-500-million-doses-rush-meet-target-40">administers</a> more than 500 million doses of vaccines against COVID-19.</li> <li>WHO Director-General Tedros Abhanom Ghebreyesus <a href="https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-world-health-assembly---24-may-2021">states</a> “scandalous inequity” is perpetuating the COVID-19 pandemic at the opening of the World Health Assembly.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 14–May 21: International Travel Resumes for the Vaccinated Few; United States Pledges Vaccines  </h2> May 21 <ul> <li>A new study in the <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00576-6/fulltext#figures">Lancet</a> finds that critically ill patients in Africa have the highest global mortality rate among COVID-19 patients.</li> </ul> May 19 <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/eu-opening-vaccinated-travel/2021/05/19/64196bc0-b897-11eb-bc4a-62849cf6cca9_story.html">agrees</a> to open its borders to vaccinated U.S. citizens. </li> <li>India <a href="https://apnews.com/article/india-coronavirus-pandemic-health-ce604ee88062c459e0a3bd9f1e1ed686">sets</a> global record for daily COVID-19 deaths, surpassing the U.S. record. </li> </ul> May 18 <ul> <li>Indian officials <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/india/exclusive-india-unlikely-resume-sizable-covid-19-vaccine-exports-until-october-2021-05-18/">state</a> the country is unlikely to resume vaccine exports until at least October.</li> <li>Australia’s Prime Minister Scott Morrison <a href="https://www.9news.com.au/national/scott-morrison-pm-says-australians-could-need-vaccine-passports-for-interstate-travel-chris-uhlmann-interview/c44ea67d-940b-4b41-9abe-7922aa0a0d75">says</a> Australia is considering an internal vaccine passport for interstate travel. </li> <li>The UAE and Bahrain <a href="https://t.co/S4JInxEjKW?amp=1">plan</a> to offer a third Sinopharm shot to citizens who have already received two doses due to concerns about the vaccine’s efficacy.   </li> </ul> May 17 <ul> <li>The revamped Sanofi-GSK coronavirus vaccine <a href="https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/media/press-releases/sanofi-and-gsk-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-demonstrates-strong-immune-responses-across-all-adult-age-groups-in-phase-2-trial/">appears</a> effective and safe in interim results. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/05/17/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-is-providing-at-least-80-million-covid-19-vaccines-for-global-use-commits-to-leading-a-multilateral-effort-toward-ending-the-pandemic/">announces</a> it will donate at least 80 million U.S. vaccines, including 60 million AstraZeneca doses and 20 million of other U.S. authorized vaccines, by the end of June. </li> <li>Tanzanian experts <a href="https://apnews.com/article/tanzania-africa-coronavirus-pandemic-health-9c9c9473ce9e0e6d103f4eb1e558e20a">suggest</a> an overhaul of the government’s COVID-19 policy after former President John Magufuli’s death. </li> </ul> May 16 <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/travel/2021/05/14/italy-reopening-americans-delta-flights/">lifts</a> mandatory quarantine restrictions for travelers from the European Union, United Kingdom, and Israel. </li> </ul> May 14 <ul> <li>Greece <a href="https://travel.gov.gr/#/">reopens</a> its borders to international travelers. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 6–May 13: The Pandemic Rages in South and Southeast Asia; Independent Panel Releases Its Report; Vaccine Access Remains Troubled</h2> May 13 <ul> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-masks-cdc-guidelines-9d10c8b5f80a4ac720fa1df2a4fb93e5">eases</a> guidance on masks for fully-vaccinated Americans.</li> <li>A new report <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/safricas-covid-19-death-toll-much-higher-than-official-tally-report-2021-05-13/">finds</a> South Africa’s true COVID-19 may be almost three times the official tally.  </li> <li>An Indian government panel <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/05/13/world/covid-vaccine-coronavirus-cases/india-supplies">recommends</a> widening the gap between the first and second doses of AstraZeneca to expand access to vaccines. </li> <li>Tunisia <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-05-13/tunisia-to-reopen-economy-despite-hospital-strain">announces</a> plans to reopen despite persistently high caseloads and full hospitals.</li> </ul> May 12 <ul> <li>The Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response <a href="https://theindependentpanel.org/mainreport/">releases</a> its findings and recommendations on the COVID-19 pandemic. </li> <li>Indonesia <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/covid-indonesia-restricts-inter-city-travel-ahead-of-eid-al-fitr/av-57507257">restricts</a> inter-city travel ahead of Eid al-Fitr. </li> <li>Venezuela’s National Academy of Medicine <a href="https://www.cnnchile.com/mundo/venezuela-ee-uu-donacion-vacunas-covid-19_20210510/">asks</a> the United States for vaccine donations.</li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-11/sinovac-shot-found-effective-maldives-clamps-down-virus-update">announces</a> that it could run out of ingredients for vaccines by the end of the week. </li> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-11/sinovac-shot-found-effective-maldives-clamps-down-virus-update">imposes</a> travel bans on India. </li> <li>Cuba <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/12/world/cuba-vaccine.html">launches</a> its vaccination campaign using homegrown vaccines that have not yet completed clinical trials.  </li> </ul> May 11 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-05-11/france-to-allocate-more-than-5-of-its-covid-vaccines-to-who-backed-covax-programme">commits</a> to allocating more than 5 percent of its vaccines to COVAX.  </li> <li>At least nineteen Indian states <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-05-11-21/index.html">record</a> COVID-19 positivity rates higher than 20 percent.</li> </ul> May 10 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=india+variant+of+concern+world+health+organization&biw=938&bih=713&sxsrf=ALeKk01S715lztUhRpIQqgFTAq0Uw_LZfQ%3A1623771154714&ei=EsjIYPSTK8uXwbkP8pqX2Ao&oq=india+variant+of+concern+world+health+organization&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAghEBYQHRAeOgcIABBHELADOgIIADoGCAAQFhAeOgQIABANUMUBWLkRYL0SaABwA3gBgAGlAYgByxSSAQQyMC43mAEAoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdpesgBCMABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwj05P32-pnxAhXLSzABHXLNBas4ChDh1QMIDg&uact=5">classifies</a> the coronavirus variant spreading in India, B.1.617 or Delta variant, as a global “variant of concern.” </li> <li>U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use">authorizes</a> Pfizer-BioNTech for emergency use in adolescents age 12–15.</li> <li>Nepal’s Prime Minister K.P. Sharma Oli <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=nepal+prime+minister+coronavirus&sxsrf=ALeKk03Xm6bKWa2p9vUWGGmgWkjRUoKbuQ%3A1623771262366&ei=fsjIYNPpFYqqwbkPuYaIEA&oq=nepal+prime+minister+coronavirus&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBwghEAoQoAE6BwgjELADECc6BwgAEEcQsAM6AggAOgYIABAWEB46BQgAEIYDOggIIRAWEB0QHlDbRVjKTGCLTWgCcAJ4AoAB2wGIAb8IkgEFOS4xLjGYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6yAEJwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjToKiq-5nxAhUKVTABHTkDAgIQ4dUDCA4&uact=5">loses</a> a confidence vote, in part over his response to Nepal’s COVID-19 crisis. </li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-spend-an-extra-1-bln-producing-acquiring-covid-19-vaccines-2021-05-10/">allocates</a> an additional $1 billion USD to producing and acquiring COVID-19 vaccines. </li> </ul> May 9 <ul> <li>Vietnam’s Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/vietnam-says-new-covid-outbreak-threatens-stability-2021-05-09/">warns</a> that the country’s recent outbreak could spread nationwide. </li> </ul> May 8 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://twitter.com/COVIDNewsByMIB/status/1390905404297678850">reports</a> more than 4,000 deaths in a single day for the first time. </li> <li>Uruguay <a href="https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/alarming-figure-uruguay-has-highest-coronavirus-death-rate-in-the-past-week/">reports</a> the world’s highest death rate from COVID-19 in the past week. </li> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-07/n-j-mulls-cash-incentives-u-k-to-ease-travel-virus-update">approves</a> a contract for 900 million doses of Pfizer-BioNTech’s COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> May 7 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/05/07/who-sinopharm-emergency-use/">grants</a> emergency authorization to China's Sinopharm vaccine. </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/uk-advises-under-40s-take-alternative-astrazeneca-covid-19-shot-2021-05-07/">recommends</a> that individuals under the age of 40 be offered an alternative to AstraZeneca when possible. </li> </ul> May 6 <ul> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-06/merkel-pushes-back-on-vaccine-patent-waiver-in-clash-with-biden">announces</a> its opposition to a WTO patent waiver, stressing that the limiting factor for vaccine manufacturing is not patents but capacity.</li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/06/sputnik-light-russia-authorizes-use-of-one-shot-covid-vaccine.html">authorizes</a> the use of the vaccine Sputnik Light, a one-shot dose still undergoing testing.  </li> <li>Gavi <a href="https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/gavi-signs-agreement-novavax-secure-doses-behalf-covax-facility">signs</a> an advance purchase agreement for 350 million doses of Novavax’s vaccine candidate on behalf of COVAX. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 28–May 5: WTO Patent Waivers; Vaccine Passports in Europe; India's Crisis Deepens</h2> May 5 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://ustr.gov/about-us/policy-offices/press-office/press-releases/2021/may/statement-ambassador-katherine-tai-covid-19-trips-waiver">announces</a> its support for waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines, but does not commit to support the Indian-South African proposal at WHO. </li> </ul> May 4 <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://apnews.com/article/china-russia-europe-coronavirus-vaccine-coronavirus-40effa1bac402a9d9b6413077f914023">donates</a> the first batch of 651,000 vaccine doses to Balkan nations. </li> <li>The European Medicines Agency <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-starts-rolling-review-covid-19-vaccine-vero-cell-inactivated">begins</a> a rolling review of China’s Sinovac vaccine. </li> <li>G20 Tourism ministers <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-04/leading-20-nations-set-to-back-efforts-for-vaccine-passports">support</a> vaccine passports as a means to resume tourism and enable economic recovery. </li> </ul> May 3 <ul> <li>Gavi <a href="https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/gavi-signs-agreement-moderna-secure-doses-behalf-covax-facility">signs</a> an advance purchase agreement for 500 million doses of Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine from the second half of 2021 through 2022. </li> </ul> May 1 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/05/01/india-coronavirus/">becomes</a> the first country to record more than 400,000 cases in a single day. </li> </ul> April 30 <ul> <li>Pfizer <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/exclusive-pfizer-begins-exporting-us-made-covid-19-shots-abroad-starting-with-2021-04-29/">ships</a> doses to Mexico, marking the first exports of U.S.-made Pfizer shots abroad. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/30-04-2021-who-lists-moderna-vaccine-for-emergency-use">approves</a> Moderna for emergency use.</li> <li>Global coronavirus cases surpass 150 million.</li> </ul> April 29 <ul> <li>The European Parliament <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2021-0145_EN.html">adopts</a> a framework for the issuance, verification, and acceptance of the EU Digital Green Certificate. </li> </ul> April 28 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/04/28/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-delivers-emergency-covid-19-assistance-for-india/">announces</a> $100 million in aid for India.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 20–April 27: Global COVID-19 Cases Increase for the Eighth Consecutive Week</h2> April 27 <ul> <li>Brazilian authorities <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/04/27/sputnik-vaccine-brazil-russia-coronavirus/?tid=ss_tw">reject</a> Russia’s Sputnik V vaccine, stating that the doses received from Russia still had replication-competent adenovirus in them. </li> </ul> April 23 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-and-cdc-lift-recommended-pause-johnson-johnson-janssen-covid-19-vaccine-use-following-thorough">lifts</a> its pause on the Johnson & Johnson vaccine administration following FDA and CDC safety reviews. </li> </ul> April 22 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/22/world/india-coronavirus-record.html">records</a> more than 310,000 new infections in a single day, surpassing the global record for one-day high of recorded cases set by the United States in January. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56848551">urges</a> African nations not to destroy COVID-19 vaccines that have expired. </li> </ul> April 20 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---20-april-2021">reports</a> that global COVID-19 cases have increased for the eighth consecutive week.</li> </ul> April 19 <ul> <li>South Sudan <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/19/south-sudan-joins-malawi-in-destroying-thousands-of-expired-covid-jabs/">announces</a> plan to destroy over 60,000 doses of AstraZeneca vaccines that expired before the country could use them.</li> <li>Global coronavirus deaths surpass 3 million. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 12–April 19: Vaccines Expire in Africa; Johnson & Johnson Is Paused</h2> April 19 <ul> <li>South Sudan <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/19/south-sudan-joins-malawi-in-destroying-thousands-of-expired-covid-jabs/">announces</a> plan to destroy over 60,000 doses of AstraZeneca vaccines that expired before the country could use them.</li> <li>Global coronavirus deaths surpass 3 million. </li> </ul> April 16 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/16/coronavirus-covid-live-updates-us/">pledges</a> to allocate $1.7 billion to fight COVID-19 variants. </li> </ul> April 15 <ul> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/new-zealand-donate-vaccines-800000-covax-vaccine-facility-ardern-2021-04-15/">becomes</a> the first high-income democracy to donate vaccine supplies directly to COVAX, providing 1.6 million doses. </li> </ul> April 14 <ul> <li>Malawi <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/14/malawi-to-destroy-thousands-of-expired-covid-vaccines-minister/">announces</a> it will destroy more than 16,000 doses of vaccines sent by the African Union after the doses expired. </li> </ul> April 13 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/joint-cdc-and-fda-statement-johnson-johnson-covid-19-vaccine">pauses</a> use of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine after six individuals (out of nearly seven million recipients) developed a rare clotting disorder.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 4–April 11: Cases Surge in India; Concerns Remain Over AstraZeneca</h2> April 11 <ul> <li>The head of China's CDC <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/china-vaccine-efficacy-not-high-gao/2021/04/11/dafe3ab6-9a8f-11eb-8f0a-3384cf4fb399_story.html">says</a> that the efficacy of Chinese vaccines is "not high." </li> </ul> April 10 <ul> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iran-orders-10-day-shutdown-amid-4th-wave-coronavirus-pandemic-2021-04-10/">orders</a> a 10-day lockdown as its cases surpass two million. </li> </ul> April 9 <ul> <li>Chilean studies <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3128886/chile-covid-19-vaccination-drive-adds-sinovac-efficacy-data?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=share_widget&utm_campaign=3128886">find</a> that China’s Sinovac vaccine has 56.5 percent efficacy four weeks after the second dose—but just 3 percent efficacy after one jab. </li> </ul> April 8 <ul> <li>Venezuela <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-venezuela-cuba/venezuela-says-it-has-production-capacity-for-experimental-cuban-covid-19-vaccine-idUSL1N2M137Q">announces</a> it has capacity to manufacture Cuba's experimental COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li>COVAX vaccine deliveries <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/08-04-2021-covax-reaches-over-100-economies-42-days-after-first-international-delivery">reach</a> one hundred economies, providing 38 million doses of AstraZeneca/Covishield and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines to the world.</li> <li>The African Union <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-africa/african-union-drops-astrazeneca-vaccine-which-covax-will-supply-idUSKBN2BV19H">drops</a> plans to secure AstraZeneca, despite the vaccine’s low cost. </li> <li>Slovakia, one of the few EU countries to purchase Russia’s Sputnik V vaccine, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/08/world/europe/slovakia-coronavirus-russia-vaccine-sputnik.html#:~:text=Russia's%20vaccine%20diplomacy%20suffered%20a,a%20respected%20British%20medical%20journal.">announces</a> concerns over vaccine quality for received doses.  </li> </ul> April 7 <ul> <li>Brazil’s one-day death toll from COVID-19 <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/07/brazils-coronavirus-death-toll-passes-4000-a-day-for-first-time">surpasses</a> 4,000, making Brazil just the second country to do so. </li> </ul> April 6 <ul> <li>The Biden administration <a href="https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/546705-white-house-rules-out-involvement-in-vaccine-passports">denies</a> plans to pursue a vaccine passport. </li> </ul> April 5 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/05/india/india-second-wave-covid-intl-hnk/index.html">records</a> over 100,000 new cases in a day, surpassing its previous record for daily cases.</li> </ul> April 4 <ul> <li>European Medicines Agency <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/astrazenecas-covid-19-vaccine-ema-finds-possible-link-very-rare-cases-unusual-blood-clots-low-blood">finds</a> possible link between AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccine and very rare cases of blood clots</li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 28–April 3: WHO Report Released; EU Clashes Over Vaccines</h2> April 1 <ul> <li>Austrian Chancellor Sebastian Kurz’s effort to alter the EU vaccine distribution criteria <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/austria-sebastian-kurz-coronavirus-vaccines-eu-ambassadors/">fails</a>, reaffirming the European Union’s population-based allocation formula.   </li> <li>Madagascar <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/01/madagascar-joins-the-covid-19-vaccine-covax-programme//">joins</a> COVAX after initially indicating it would forgo the WHO's vaccine procurement mechanism. </li> </ul> March 31 <ul> <li>Cuba <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-cuba-borders/cuba-suspends-arrival-of-international-flights-to-stop-coronavirus-idUSKBN21J41K">suspends</a> arrival of international flights to help curb the spread of the virus.</li> <li>Pfizer and BioNTech <a href="https://t.co/t2j6D2TRcP?amp=1">announce</a> their coronavirus vaccine is extremely effective in adolescents 12–15-years-old. </li> <li>European Medicines Agency <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-review-very-rare-cases-unusual-blood-clots-continues">meets</a> to review reports of the AstraZeneca vaccine’s link to blood clots.</li> </ul> March 30 <ul> <li>Papua New Guinea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-papua/papua-new-guinea-begins-covid-19-inoculations-as-infections-soar-idUSKBN2BM1FX">rolls out</a> COVID-19 vaccinations amid surging infections.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/origins-of-the-virus">releases</a> its report on the origins of SARS-CoV-2, finding that animal-to-human transmission was the most likely origin of the virus. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 20–March 27: COVID Infections Surge Around the World; COVAX Deliveries Are Delayed</h2> March 26 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://apnews.com/article/pandemics-paris-coronavirus-pandemic-france-emmanuel-macron-77d98c50a72417e050e62c4ae319869a">asks</a> rich nations to donate at least 10 million coronavirus vaccines to COVAX so that WHO can reach its goal of vaccination in all countries within the first 100 days of 2021. </li> </ul> March 25 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil/brazil-hits-record-100000-coronavirus-cases-in-a-day-piling-pressure-on-bolsonaro-idUSKBN2BH3G0">records</a> over 100,000 cases in a single day for the first time. </li> <li>Mexico <a href="https://apnews.com/article/latin-america-coronavirus-pandemic-mexico-city-mexico-056575f95f4c895948026292ce1f033c">becomes</a> the third country to surpass 200,000 deaths from COVID-19. </li> </ul> March 23 <ul> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-turkey-int/turkey-records-26182-new-covid-19-cases-highest-this-year-idUSKBN2BF2DO">records</a> 26,182 new COVID-19 cases, its highest number this year.</li> <li>Russia <a href="https://tass.com/economy/1269389">applies</a> for the Sputnik V vaccine’s inclusion in COVAX. </li> </ul> March 22 <ul> <li>Britain <a href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2021/364/pdfs/uksi_20210364_en.pdf">bans travel</a> from outside the United Kingdom in an effort to curb the spread of the virus. </li> </ul> March 20 <ul> <li>Pakistan’s Prime Minister Imran Khan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/20/world/asia/imran-khan-coronavirus-positive.html">tests</a> positive for COVID-19 just days after receiving his first dose of the Sinopharm vaccine. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/20/world/overseas-spectators-are-barred-from-the-tokyo-olympics.html?action=click&pgtype=Article&module=&state=default&region=footer&context=breakout_link_back_to_briefing">bars</a> overseas spectators from attending the summer Olympics in Tokyo. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 12–March 19: Johnson & Johnson Wins WHO Approval; AstraZeneca Vaccine Is Safe; EU and UK Want Vaccine Passports </h2> March 19 <ul> <li>Nepal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-nepal-india/nepal-becomes-third-country-to-give-emergency-nod-to-indian-vaccine-covaxin-idUSKBN2BB1KN">approves</a> India's COVID-19 vaccine, Covaxin, for emergency use.</li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://brazilian.report/liveblog/coronavirus/2021/03/19/brazil-138-million-vaccine-doses-pfizer-johnson-johnson/">buys</a> 138 million vaccine doses from Pfizer-BioNTech and Johnson & Johnson.</li> <li>The Biden administration surpasses its goal of administering 100 million doses. </li> <li>European Medicine Agency <a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n774">finds no links </a>between AstraZeneca vaccine and increased blood-clotting. </li> <li>Finland <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-finland-vaccinatio/finland-suspends-use-of-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN2BB1PY">pauses</a> AstraZeneca vaccines for a week.</li> </ul> March 18 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-usa-mexico/u-s-to-share-4-million-doses-of-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-with-mexico-canada-idUSKBN2BA22S">shares</a> four million doses of its AstraZeneca vaccine supply with Canada and Mexico.</li> </ul> March 17 <ul> <li>The European Commission <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_21_1181">proposes</a> an EU vaccine passport: the Digital Green Certificate.</li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-britain-vaccine-pa/uk-mulling-vaccine-passport-options-for-at-home-and-abroad-minister-says-idUSKBN2B90WN">considers</a> introducing vaccine passports for summer travel.</li> </ul> March 14 <ul> <li>AstraZeneca <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-astrazeneca-vaccin/astrazeneca-finds-no-evidence-of-increased-blood-clot-risk-from-vaccine-idUSKBN2B60L6">finds</a> no risk of increased blood clotting with its COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> March 12 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-france-vaccine-j-j/france-approves-jjs-janssen-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN2B42BT">approves</a> Johnson & Johnson's single-dose vaccine.</li> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/12-03-2021-who-adds-janssen-vaccine-to-list-of-safe-and-effective-emergency-tools-against-covid-19">approves</a> Johnson & Johnson's vaccine for emergency use.</li> <li>Bulgaria <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-astrazeneca-bulgar/bulgaria-suspends-rollout-of-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN2B4196">suspends</a> use of AstraZeneca vaccine amidst safety concerns. </li> <li>Thailand <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-56369550">delays</a> its vaccine rollout over blood clot concerns surrounding AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 4–March 11: Daily COVID-19 Tests Decline by 25 Percent; U.S. Seven-Day Vaccine Average Passes Two Million</h2> March 11 <ul> <li>Brazil's ICUs <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-brazil/brazil-hospitals-pushed-to-limit-as-covid-19-death-toll-soars-idUSL8N2L95M7">surpass</a> 90 percent capacity as the COVID-19 pandemic flares up.</li> <li>A study in Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-coinfection/brazil-researchers-find-people-infected-with-two-different-coronavirus-strains-idUSKBN29X2YZ">identifies</a> two cases of simultaneous infection with two different coronavirus variants.</li> <li>Swedish Crown Princess Victoria and her husband Prince Daniel <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-sweden-royals/swedish-crown-princess-victoria-tests-positive-for-covid-19-royal-court-idUSKBN2B32GA">test positive</a> for COVID-19.</li> </ul> March 9 <ul> <li>Ukraine <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-ukraine-vaccine/ukraine-approves-chinas-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN2B11H6">approves</a> China's Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> March 8 <ul> <li>Wyoming announces it <a href="https://trib.com/news/state-and-regional/health/wyoming-will-lift-mask-mandate-next-week/article_59733df9-bc69-5449-a50d-92aa4ff4d1c3.html">will lift</a> its mask mandate next week. </li> <li>Iraq <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-03/09/c_139795150.htm">extends</a> it curfew as it experiences a surge in new COVID-19 cases.</li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20210308-italy-s-coronavirus-death-toll-passes-100-000-with-cases-rising">becomes</a> the sixth country to pass 100,000 COVID-19 deaths.</li> <li>Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and his wife Asma test positive for COVID-19.</li> </ul> March 4 <ul> <li>A study <a href="https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-tests-decline-daily-b5590ccb-e429-4683-af99-f22d46f5e7a4.html">finds</a> that daily COVID-19 tests in the United States have declined by 35 percent since mid-January. </li> <li>U.S. seven-day COVID-19 vaccine average <a href="https://www.axios.com/us-7-day-covid-vaccine-average-surpasses-2m-daily-9b8c914f-6e31-4eed-88f9-2ebfe0475e76.html">passes</a> two million. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-usa-cdc/u-s-administers-82-6-million-doses-of-covid-19-vaccines-cdc-idUSKCN2AW2KL">administers</a> 82.6 million COVID-19 vaccines. </li> <li>India's Covaxin COVID-19 vaccine <a href="https://www.firstpost.com/health/covaxin-shows-interim-efficacy-of-81-against-coronavirus-in-phase-3-clinical-trials-says-bharat-biotech-9372461.html">is shown</a> to be 81 percent effective in new study. </li> <li>Peru <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/peru-receives-50-000-doses-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine/2165417">receives</a> 50,000 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines doses as part of COVAX.</li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-56264425">records</a> 1,910 COVID-19-related deaths, its highest figure to date. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/eu-blocks-vaccine-australia/2021/03/04/c89b07c6-7cff-11eb-8c5e-32e47b42b51b_story.html">blocks</a> COVID-19 vaccine exports.</li> <li>Cuba <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-cuba-vaccine/cuba-starts-late-stage-trials-of-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-in-havana-idUSKBN2AW27O">starts</a> late-stage trials of its own COVID-19 vaccine candidate. </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-germany-astrazenec/germany-approves-astrazeneca-for-over-65s-extends-gap-between-doses-idUSKBN2AW1HU">approves</a> AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 23–March 3: Pfizer Considers a Booster Shot; Global Death Toll Passes 2.5 Million; Ghana is First Country to Receive COVAX Shipment</h2> March 3 <ul> <li>Nigeria <a href="https://apnews.com/article/mumbai-epidemics-india-coronavirus-pandemic-africa-bbf8e9e22c142af9e6280ae43ad71ffa">receives</a> nearly 4 million COVID-19 vaccine doses as part of COVAX.</li> <li>Rwanda <a href="https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out#rwanda-pfizer-first">receives</a> 102,000 Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine doses as part of COVAX.</li> <li>Sudan <a href="https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out#sudan-delivery">receives</a> 820,000 AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine doses as part of COVAX.</li> <li>Gambia <a href="https://www.unicef.org/wca/press-releases/first-tranche-covid-19-vaccines-arrives-gambia-covax-initiative">receives</a> 36,000 AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine doses a part of COVAX.</li> <li>South African authorities <a href="https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2021/Fake-COVID-vaccine-distribution-network-dismantled-after-INTERPOL-alert">dismantle</a> a counterfeit COVID-19 vaccine network after getting a tip from INTERPOL.</li> </ul> March 2 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56242617#:~:text=The%20French%20government%20says%20older,%2C%22%20the%20health%20minister%20said.">approves</a> AstraZeneca vaccine for people over 65.</li> <li>Texas <a href="https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-lifts-mask-mandate-opens-texas-100-percent">lifts</a> mask mandate, opening the state up. </li> <li>Venezuela <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-venezuela/venezuela-receives-donated-coronavirus-vaccine-from-china-idUSL2N2L019T">receives</a> 500,000 doses of donated coronavirus vaccine from China.</li> <li>Kenya <a href="https://www.unicef.org/kenya/press-releases/over-1-million-covid-19-vaccine-doses-arrive-nairobi-via-covax-facility">receives</a> over one million COVID-19 vaccine doses as part of COVAX.</li> <li>Austria and Denmark partner with Israel to produce second-generation COVID-19 vaccine amidst a slow EU rollout.</li> </ul> March 1 <ul> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/colombia/article249615703.html">receives</a> the first COVAX shipment to Latin America.</li> </ul> February 26 <ul> <li>The United States administers 70.5 million COVID-19 vaccine doses. </li> <li>Canada <a href="https://healthycanadians.gc.ca/recall-alert-rappel-avis/hc-sc/2021/75057a-eng.php#:~:text=Health%20Canada%20authorized%20the%20use,labels%20for%20a%20limited%20period.">authorizes</a> AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine for use.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/02/26/national/state-of-emergency-lifting/">announces</a> it will remove state of emergency for six prefectures ahead of March.</li> </ul> February 25 <ul> <li>Pfizer-BioNTech <a href="https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-initiate-study-part-broad-development">initiate</a> a study to evaluate a COVID-19 booster shot as part of three-dose regimen. </li> <li>Pfizer <a href="https://time.com/5942452/pfizer-biontech-vaccine-cold-storage-fda/">announces</a> its vaccine can be stored in normal freezer temperatures. </li> <li>Ivory Cost <a href="https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/cote-divoire-among-first-countries-receive-first-wave-covax-vaccines">receives</a> 504,000 COVID-19 vaccine doses as part of COVAX. </li> <li>Global COVID-19 death toll passes 2.5 million. </li> <li>Bahrain <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-bahrain-int/bahrain-first-to-approve-johnson-johnson-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-regulator-idUSKBN2AP227">becomes</a> the first country to approve the single-dose Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use. </li> <li>Guatemala <a href="https://tass.com/economy/1260321">approves</a> Russia's Sputnik V vaccine for emergency use. </li> <li>Finland <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-finland/finland-to-tighten-covid-19-restrictions-from-march-8-idUSKBN2AP12P">announces</a> it will enter a three-week lockdown beginning on March 8. </li> <li>COVID-19 cases in the United Kingdom <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-test-and-trace-england-statistics-11-february-to-17-february-2021">fall by nearly 80 percent</a> after a six-week lockdown.</li> <li>Austria and Greece <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-europe-passports-f/a-patchwork-europe-and-covid-19-vaccination-passports-idUSKBN2AP2GW">urge</a> the European Union to adopt vaccine passports. </li> <li>Researchers <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/24/health/coronavirus-variant-nyc.html">find a new</a> COVID-19 variant in New York City. </li> </ul> February 24 <ul> <li>The Biden administration <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisondurkee/2021/02/24/report-biden-administration-to-send-face-masks-to-key-disadvantaged-populations/">announces</a> it plans to send masks to over 25 million Americans.</li> <li>The White House officially <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/24/notice-on-the-continuation-of-the-national-emergency-concerning-the-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-pandemic/">announces</a> the continuation of the COVID-19 state of emergency.  </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-02-24/united-kingdom-to-prioritize-people-with-learning-disabilities-for-coronavirus-vaccine#:~:text=Secretary%20of%20State%20for%20Health,disabilities%2C%20and%20those%20with%20learning">announces</a> it will prioritize people with learning disabilities for the COVID-19 vaccine. </li> <li>Ghana <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/02/24/970884503/ghana-becomes-first-country-to-get-covax-vaccine-doses">becomes</a> the first country to receive COVID-19 vaccines through COVAX. </li> </ul> February 23 <ul> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-colombia/colombia-approves-emergency-use-of-astrazeneca-coronavirus-vaccine-idUSKBN2AO01A">authorizes</a> emergency use of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. </li> <li>The Biden administration <a href="https://wgntv.com/news/coronavirus/states-to-get-14-5m-doses-of-vaccine-this-week/">announces</a> it will send 14.5 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines to U.S. states, a 70 percent increase from last month. </li> <li>Johnson & Johnson <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-j-j-vaccine/johnson-johnson-ready-to-ship-nearly-4-million-doses-of-covid-19-vaccine-in-u-s-idUSKBN2AN1WI">announces</a> it ready to ship 4 million COVID-19 vaccine doses to the United States. </li> <li>India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-india-who/india-sends-first-vaccine-doses-to-africa-under-whos-covax-programme-idUSKBN2AN1MV">sends</a> its first vaccine doses to Africa under COVAX.</li> <li>The Philippines <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-philippines-labour/philippines-offers-nurses-in-exchange-for-vaccines-from-britain-germany-idUKKBN2AN0WV">offers to send</a> health-care workers to Britain and Germany in exchange for vaccine doses. </li> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update---23-february-2021">reports</a> its sixth consecutive week of declining COVID-19 cases globally. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 15–February 22: The United States Passes 500,000 Deaths</h2> February 22 <ul> <li>The United States passes 500,000 COVID-19-related deaths.  </li> <li>A UK study <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose">shows</a> that the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is highly effective after one dose. </li> </ul> February 17 <ul> <li>Switzerland <a href="https://www.admin.ch/gov/en/start/documentation/media-releases.msg-id-82371.html">announces</a> it plans to lift lockdown restrictions beginning March 1.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 6–February 14: COVID-19 Vaccine Will Not Be Required For Olympic Athletes; South Africa Suspends AstraZeneca Vaccine; Russia Reports Third-Highest COVID-19 Death Toll </h2> February 14 <ul> <li>The International Olympic Committee <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-vaccines-for-the-tokyo-olympics-have-become-a-political-issue-11613314814">announces</a> that vaccines will not be required for athletes. </li> </ul> February 12 <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://english.elpais.com/science_tech/2021-02-12/spain-set-to-receive-100-million-doses-of-three-new-covid-vaccines.html">announces</a> it will receive over 100 million COVID-19 vaccine doses. </li> </ul> February 10 <ul> <li>Athletes competing at Tokyo Olympic games <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2021/02/10/olympics/olympics-coronavirus-testing/">will be tested</a> for COVID-19 every four days. </li> </ul> February 9 <ul> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/9/iran-starts-covid-vaccinations-with-sputnik-v">starts</a> its COVID-19 vaccine campaign using Russia's Sputnik V. </li> <li>Peru <a href="https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/peru-launches-vaccination-program-against-covid-19#:~:text=Peru%20is%20beginning%20its%20first,hope%20in%20tackling%20the%20crisis.">begins</a> its COVID-19 vaccination campaign.</li> </ul> February 8 <ul> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/02/south-africa-suspends-use-astrazenecas-covid-19-vaccine-after-it-fails-clearly-stop">suspends</a> use of AstraZeneca vaccine after it was shown to be ineffective against its coronavirus variant. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-08/russia-says-covid-19-accounted-for-half-of-excess-deaths-in-2020">reports</a> third-highest COVID-19 deaths globally in 2020. </li> <li>China's Cansino COVID-19 vaccine <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-08/pakistan-says-cansino-s-covid-vaccine-shows-65-7-efficacy">shows</a> 65 percent efficacy after the first dose. </li> <li>Greece agrees on a "vaccine passport" deal with Israel. </li> </ul> February 6 <ul> <li>The Netherlands <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-netherlands/update-1-netherlands-coronavirus-cases-surpass-a-million-official-data-idUSL1N2KC0B4">surpasses</a> one million COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 30–February 5: Russia's Sputnik V is Over 90 Percent Effective; U.S. Reaches 450,000 Deaths, COVAX to Distribute 2 Million Doses to North Korea</h2> February 4 <ul> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-detects-south-africa-brazil-variants-of-coronavirus-162155">reports</a> its first cases of the South African and Brazilian coronavirus variants. </li> <li>COVAX <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccines-northkore/north-korea-to-receive-nearly-2-million-astrazeneca-vaccine-doses-in-h1-interim-report-idUSKBN2A40PH">announces</a> it will distribute nearly two million AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines to North Korea.</li> <li>The United States surpasses 450,000 COVID-19-related deaths. </li> <li>Spain <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-02-spain-virus-death-toll-surges.html">surpasses</a> 60,000 COVID-19-related deaths. </li> <li>Johnson & Johnson <a href="https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2021-02-04/johnson-johnson-asks-fda-to-authorize-its-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use">asks the FDA</a> to issue an emergency use authorization for its COVID-19 vaccine. </li> <li>The AstraZeneca vaccine is found to be <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/astrazeneca-vaccine-effective-against-u-k-covid-19-variant-in-study-11612530912">effective against</a> the coronavirus variant first found in the United Kingdom. </li> </ul> February 3 <ul> <li>UNICEF <a href="https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/11-billion-dose-vaccine-deal-announced-poorest-countries">announces</a> a deal with India's Serum Institute to produce 1.1 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine for low-income countries. </li> <li>Nicaragua <a href="https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/ministry-of-health-of-nicaragua-has-authorized-the-use-of-sputnik-v/">issues</a> an emergency use authorization for Russia's Sputnik V vaccine. </li> <li>Mexico <a href="https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/mexico-becomes-the-first-country-of-north-america-to-register-sputnik-v-vaccine-/">issues</a> an emergency use authorization for Russia's Sputnik V vaccine, becoming the first country in North America to register Russia's vaccine.</li> <li>Switzerland <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-swiss-astrazeneca/swiss-delay-astrazeneca-covid-vaccine-approval-order-more-shots-from-others-idUSKBN2A32GV">delays</a> approval of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/3/saudi-arabia-suspends-entry-from-20-countries">suspends</a> entry from 20 countries in an effort to contain COVID-19. </li> </ul> February 2 <ul> <li>The Lancet <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-coronavirus-vaccine-sputnik-v-efficacy-study-lancet-covid19/">reports</a> that Russia's Sputnik V vaccine is 91.6 percent effective.</li> <li>China announces it will <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-china/china-to-provide-10-million-vaccine-doses-to-covax-initiative-idUSKBN2A30VZ">supply</a> COVAX with 10 million COVID-19 vaccine doses. </li> <li>New Zealand approves the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li>Sinopharm's COVID-19 vaccine is <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china-vaccine/sinopharms-covid-19-vaccine-remained-active-against-s-africa-variant-effect-reduced-lab-study-idUSKBN2A30DT">reported to be effective</a> against the coronavirus variant first found in South Africa. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 22–January 29: U.S. COVID-19 Cases Decline By 16 Percent</h2> January 24 <ul> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-newzealand-idUKKBN29T001">reports</a> its first case of community spread in two months. </li> </ul> January 22 <ul> <li>New U.S. COVID-19 cases <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/22/us/covid-cases-decline.html">decline</a> by 16 percent in a two-week period.</li> <li>Panama <a href="https://news.yahoo.com/panama-detects-first-case-south-233634818.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAEpnSJcQCIay0ZkTNg5t8TuGmAqxYg4nSCRpTYGhCHxbCj7TmjNzdLRj2Lfve5zrF_ILGPIAbgMPN2FYdtoa4O2MURRTNRLrW3iP2YhQyHF1-M4zYHdQmETpYPp09lSSe3swGRJobuONMcrhkaeeBt8XAGKizq0O30Bc_g5KngI">detects</a> its first case of the COVID-19 variant first found in South Africa.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 14–January 21: Global Death Toll Passes 2 Million; Turkey Vaccinates Over 600,000 People in Two Days; Operation Warp Speed Takes Over Two Months to Approve Vaccine Distribution</h2> January 21 <ul> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-22/hong-kong-to-lock-down-district-in-kowloon-scmp-reports">imposes</a> its first COVID-19 lockdown. </li> </ul> January 19 <ul> <li>New COVID-19 variants are <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.18.427166v1">shown to evade</a> existing vaccines.</li> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-eu-recommendations/brussels-targets-vaccinating-at-least-70-of-eu-adults-by-summer-idUSKBN29O1QY">announces</a> its target to vaccinate at least 70 percent of adults by summer 2021. </li> </ul> January 18 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/18/world/americas/brazil-covid-variants-vaccinations.html">kicks off</a> its vaccination campaign. </li> </ul> January 17 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-sputnik/brazilian-approval-of-sputnik-v-vaccine-delayed-by-missing-data-idUSKBN29M06X#:~:text=Brazilian%20approval%20of%20Sputnik%20V%20vaccine%20delayed%20by%20missing%20data,-By%20Reuters%20Staff&text=Documents%20supporting%20drugmaker%20Uniao%20Quimica's,the%20watchdog%20said%20on%20Saturday.">delays</a> approval of Russia's Sputnik V vaccine, citing missing data. </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-digest-germany-reaches-1-million-vaccine-doses/a-56248119">vaccinates</a> over one million people. </li> </ul> January 16 <ul> <li>COVID-19 deaths pass two million globally.</li> <li>Pakistan <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/pakistan-approves-emergency-use-of-oxford-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine/article33593199.ece">grants </a>emergency use authorization for the AstraZeneca vaccine.</li> <li>Argentina <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-01-argentina-case-british-virus-variant.html">confirms</a> its first case of the new variant first found in the United Kingdom.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/20/indian-hesitancy-sets-back-worlds-biggest-covid-vaccination-drive">vaccinates</a> over 200,000 residents—below its 300,000 target—during the first day of its vaccination campaign. </li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-turkey/turkeys-vaccine-blitz-tops-600000-in-two-days-of-sinovac-shots-idUSKBN29K17R">vaccinates</a> more than 600,000 people in two days using China's Sinovac vaccine. </li> </ul> January 15 <ul> <li>The world <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicholasreimann/2021/01/15/2-million-people-worldwide-died-of-covid-us-contributed-heavily-to-total/?sh=44345cc64f9a">surpasses</a> two million COVID-19 deaths. </li> <li>The United States surpasses 400,000 COVID-19 deaths.</li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-turkey/turkeys-vaccine-blitz-tops-500000-on-second-day-of-rollout-idUSKBN29K17R">vaccinates</a> more than 600,000 people in the first two days of its vaccination campaign using China's Sinovac vaccine. </li> <li>It <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-vaccine-leaders-waited-months-to-approve-distribution-plans-11610737935?st=9nfddbnprfk1o7z&reflink=article_copyURL_share">is reported</a> that Operation Warp Speed leaders took more than two months to approve vaccine distribution plans. </li> </ul> January 14 <ul> <li>Israel <a href="https://time.com/5930060/israel-covid-vaccine-palestinians/">vaccinates</a> over 20 percent of its population. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of January 6–January 13: The United States Passes 4,000 COVID-19 Deaths</h2> January 11 <ul> <li>U.S. President-elect Joe Biden <a href="https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-2nd-dose-coronavirus-vaccine-b2c712454cceca075875e994393df02f">receives</a> his second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. </li> </ul> January 10 <ul> <li>Indonesia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-indonesia/indonesia-approves-chinas-sinovac-vaccine-as-infections-surge-idUSKBN29G0RP">approves</a> China's Sinovac vaccine for emergency use. </li> </ul> January 8 <ul> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/russia-gamaleya-applies-emergency-approval-covid-19-vaccine-philippines">applies</a> for emergency use authorization for its Sputnik V vaccine in the Philippines. </li> <li>The U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/943845">warns</a> new COVID-19 variants can deliver false negative results on COVID-19 tests. </li> <li>WHO officials <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/can-covid-19-vaccines-second-dose-be-delayed-11610129260">say</a> that the second-dose of a COVID-19 vaccine could be delayed up to six weeks after the initial shot if supplies are limited. </li> </ul> January 7 <ul> <li>Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-pfizer-vaccine/pfizer-biontech-vaccine-appears-effective-against-mutation-in-new-coronavirus-variants-study-idUSL1N2JI2LZ">is reported</a> as effective against mutation in new COVID-19 variants.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/01/08/coronavirus-covid-live-updates-us/">tops</a> 4,000 COVID-19 deaths in one day, the deadliest day in the pandemic. </li> <li>Two arthritis medications—tocilizumab and sarilumab—<a href="https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2021/01/07/another-life-saving-treatment-is-found-for-covid-19">are found to be effective</a> for treating COVID-19. </li> </ul> January 5 <ul> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.garda.com/crisis24/news-alerts/425676/saudi-arabia-authorities-update-entry-requirements-for-non-saudi-travelers-as-of-jan-5-update-48">requires</a> all in-bound travelers to provide a negative COVID-19 test, administered with 72 hours of their departure. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 29–January 5: United States Reports its First Case of New Virus Strain; Turkey Announces Production of Sputnik V; India Authorizes AstraZeneca Vaccine</h2> January 3 <ul> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/israel-vaccinates-more-than-10-of-its-population-first-country-to-reach-that-mark-11609691727">vaccinates</a> more than 10 percent of its population in two weeks.</li> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.garda.com/crisis24/news-alerts/425676/saudi-arabia-authorities-update-entry-requirements-for-non-saudi-travelers-as-of-jan-5-update-48">lifts</a> its ban on international flights and the closure of its land and sea borders to travelers. </li> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/pre-departure-covid-19-test-travellers-uk-and-us-15-january">requires</a> pre-departure COVID-19 tests for inbound passengers traveling from the United Kingdom and the United States.</li> </ul> January 2 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/india-approves-use-of-oxford-astrazenecas-covid-19-vaccine-11609602763">authorizes</a> the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> January 1 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/01/health/us-coronavirus-friday/index.html">surpasses</a> 20 million COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>The World Health Organization grants <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/health/20201231-who-gives-emergency-approval-for-pfizer-vaccine-1">emergency approval</a> for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in developing countries. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://covidtracking.com">had over</a> 100,000 COVID-19 hospitalizations every day for the month of December. </li> </ul> December 30 <ul> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/30/world/europe/uk-covid-19-vaccine-oxford-astrazeneca.html">authorizes</a> the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/31/china-approves-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccine-for-general-use">approves</a> its Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine for general use. </li> <li>California <a href="https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/health/story/2020-12-30/san-diego-county-man-tests-positive-for-uk-coronavirus-variant">reports</a> its first case of the COVID-19 variant that emerged in the United Kingdom. </li> <li>Ireland <a href="https://news.sky.com/story/ireland-returns-to-full-lockdown-for-at-least-a-month-with-prime-minister-warning-of-extremely-serious-situation-12175864">returns</a> to a full lockdown for at least one month. </li> </ul> December 29 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/new-coronavirus-strain-india-reports-6-cases-of-new-uk-variant-of-covid-19-11609215751250.html">reports</a> 6 cases of new COVID-19 strain as travelers from the United Kingdom test positive. </li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-turkey-russia-int/turkey-says-it-aims-to-produce-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-at-home-idUSKBN2930YU">announces</a> it will begin production of Russia's Sputnik V vaccine. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/coronavirus-variant-colorado-us/2020/12/29/8e6379fc-4a01-11eb-a9f4-0e668b9772ba_story.html">reports</a> its first case of the new COVID-19 variant in Colorado. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 21–December 28: EU Approves Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine; Brazil Completes Phase Three SinoVac Trials; Belarus Registers Sputnik V Vaccine</h2> December 27 <ul> <li>Israel <a href="December 26">enters</a> its third COVID-19 lockdown.</li> </ul> December 26 <ul> <li>France and Romania <a href="https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/france-romania-receive-first-doses-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine">receive</a> their first shipments of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li>Tokyo <a href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/tokyo-confirms-record-high-of-949-new-covid-cases-japan-tally-at-213-547-120122600378_1.html">records</a> 949 COVID-19 cases in 24 hours, a new daily high for the capital city. </li> <li>Global COVID-19 cases <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/531708-global-covid-19-cases-surpass-80-million">surpass</a> 80 million. </li> <li>Sweden <a href="https://www.euronews.com/2020/12/26/france-detects-first-case-of-new-coronavirus-variant">reports</a> first case of new COVID-19 variant. </li> </ul> December 25 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/12/25/950351681/french-officials-announce-first-confirmed-case-of-new-coronavirus-variant">records</a> it first case of new COVID-19 variant. </li> <li>Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman <a href="https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/saudi-mbs-crown-prince-receives-first-dose-covid-19-vaccine">receives</a> first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.</li> <li>The U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/testing-UK-air-travelers.html">requires</a> that all passengers traveling from the United Kingdom have proof of a negative COVID-19 test. </li> </ul> December 24 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-britain-china-idUKKBN28Y0PX">suspends</a> all flights form the United Kingdom indefinitely over fears of new virus strain.</li> <li>Nepal <a href="https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/nepal">suspends</a> all flights from the United Kingdom over fears of new virus strain. </li> <li>Mexico <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/24/world/americas/mexico-coronavirus-vaccine.html">begins</a> its COVID-19 vaccination campaign with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/world/europe/italy-coronavirus-cases.html">surpasses</a> 2 million COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>The U.S. TSA <a href="https://abc7news.com/coronavirus-bay-area-live-updates-update-california-shelter-in-place/9138764/">announces</a> 1.2 million people flew in the United States, a new air travel record for the pandemic. </li> <li>California <a href="https://abc7.com/california-coronavirus-2-million-cases-governor-gavin-newsom/9025097/">becomes</a> the the first U.S. state to surpass two million COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/24/uk-bans-flights-from-south-africa-as-new-york-to-check-on-all-british-arrivals">announces</a> a travel ban on all flight coming from South Africa over concerns of new virus strain. </li> </ul> December 23 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/covid-2020-12-23">reaches</a> 117,777 hospitalizations, a new record. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/1-million-covid-19-vaccines-administered-in-us-2020-12">administers</a> its first one million COVID-19 vaccine doses.</li> <li>Argentina is <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-argentina-vaccine/argentina-to-launch-covid-19-vaccination-campaign-on-tuesday-idUSKBN28Y1GV">the first</a> country in Latin America to register Russia's Sputnik V vaccine, and the third country globally. </li> <li>Sweden <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-sweden-britain/update-1-sweden-extending-ban-on-flights-from-uk-over-fears-of-new-covid-strain-idUSL8N2J32RX">extends</a> travel ban from flights from the United Kingdom over concerns over new virus strain.  </li> <li>Switzerland <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/23/world/switzerland-begins-covid-19-vaccinations.html">vaccinates</a> its first citizen, beginning a country-wide vaccination campaign. </li> <li>Germany<a href="https://thehill.com/policy/international/europe/531408-record-covid-19-deaths-reported-in-germany"> records</a> 962 deaths in 24 hours, its highest daily death toll as a result of the pandemic. </li> <li>Antartica <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/12/23/949552848/the-coronavirus-has-reached-every-continent-after-positive-cases-in-antarctica">reports</a> it first COVID-19 case.</li> <li>South Korea <a href="South Korea has signed deals with Pfizer Inc and Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen to import coronavirus vaccines to cover up to 16 million people">signs</a> deals with Pfizer-BioNTech and Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen to import COVID-19 vaccines to cover up to 16 million people.</li> </ul> December 22 <ul> <li>Taiwan <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/taiwan-coronavirus-break-longest-streak/2020/12/22/8ed13cac-441c-11eb-ac2a-3ac0f2b8ceeb_story.html">records</a> its first domestic transmission of the virus in eight months, ending the world’s longest COVID-19-free period.</li> <li>Philippines halts passenger flights from the United Kingdom amid concerns over a new coronavirus strain.</li> <li>Peru <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-peru-cases/peru-surpasses-one-million-confirmed-cases-of-coronavirus-idUSKBN28W2MF">surpasses</a> one million confirmed COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> December 21 <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/21/world/europe/eu-coronavirus-vaccine.html">approves</a> the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.</li> <li>U.S. President-elect Joseph R. Biden <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/21/us/biden-coronavirus-vaccine.html">receives</a> the Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine on live television. </li> <li>World Health Organization <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2020-12-21/who-says-new-coronavirus-strain-appears-more-infectious-but-experts-expect-vaccines-to-work">says</a> the variant of SARS-CoV-2 that was identified in the United Kingdom appears to be more infectious but likely will not affect vaccines.</li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/sinovacs-covid-19-vaccine-shown-to-be-effective-in-brazil-trials-11608581330">becomes</a> the first country to complete phase three trials for China’s SinoVac vaccine and reports that the results show the vaccine has an efficacy rate of at least 50 percent.</li> <li>Kenyan doctors employed in public hospitals <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-kenya-strike/kenyan-doctors-strike-in-protest-at-inadequate-benefits-ppe-idUSKBN28V12Q">strike</a> over the government’s failure to provide adequate PPE and treatment, should they fall ill.</li> <li>Belarus <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-belarus-idUSKBN28V0ZG">becomes</a> the first country to register the Russian vaccine Sputnik V outside of Russia.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 14–December 20: EU Countries Impose Travel Restrictions on United Kingdom; Denmark Exhumes Mink Carcasses; United States Grants Emergency Use to Moderna Vaccine  </h2> December 20 <ul> <li>Several EU countries, including France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Ireland, <a href="https://apnews.com/article/europe-england-united-kingdom-coronavirus-pandemic-germany-06a35eb02ce885ae7b80b2e1851ab893">impose</a> travel restrictions on the United Kingdom over the new coronavirus variant identified there. Other countries, such as Canada, Israel, and El Salvador, also impose travel restrictions.</li> <li>Israel, soon followed by other countries including Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Switzerland, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.co.za/south-african-travellers-banned-from-entering-these-countries-as-new-covid-variant-takes-hold-2020-12">imposes</a> travel restrictions on South Africa over the new coronavirus variant identified there.</li> <li>Denmark <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/denmark-to-dig-up-millions-of-dead-mink-after-botched-covid-19-cull-11608558671">announces</a> it will exhume up to 5.5 million mink carcasses after environmental inspectors found that they may be polluting water sources.</li> </ul> December 18 <ul> <li>COVAX <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/18-12-2020-covax-announces-additional-deals-to-access-promising-covid-19-vaccine-candidates-plans-global-rollout-starting-q1-2021">announces</a> that it has arrangements in place to access nearly two billion does of COVID-19 vaccine candidates on behalf of 190 participating economies and will be able to distribute doses to all participants in the first half of 2021.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-additional-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-second-covid">grants</a> its second emergency use authorization for a COVID-19 vaccine to the Moderna candidate.</li> <li>U.S. Vice President Mike Pence and U.S. congressional leaders <a href="https://apnews.com/article/michael-pence-wife-coronavirus-vaccine-0489a0b64d4353bc693ad1691ff5de1d">receive</a> doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.</li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/south-africa-coronavirus-second-wave/2020/12/18/d4a51aec-3ff7-11eb-b58b-1623f6267960_story.html">announces</a> a new variant of SARS-CoV-2 and says the virus seems to be more transmissible and affect young people more.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-india-cases/india-hits-10-million-coronavirus-cases-but-pace-slows-idUSKBN28T092">becomes</a> the second country, after the United States, to record 10 million COVID-19 cases.</li> </ul> December 17 <ul> <li>French President Emmanuel Macron <a href="https://apnews.com/article/emmanuel-macron-europe-coronavirus-pandemic-b88c7ec3a89ec2269b83a9aba3b66ed9">tests</a> positive for COVID-19.</li> <li>A U.S. health-care worker<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/16/health/covid-pfizer-vaccine-allergic-reaction.html"> has a </a>severe allergic reaction after receiving Pfizer-BioNtech COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> December 14 <ul> <li>Prime Minister of Eswatini Ambrose Dlamini <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/14/eswatinis-ambrose-dlamini-dies-after-contracting-covid-19">dies</a> from COVID-19, the first sitting world leader to die from the disease.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of December 5–December 13: The United States Grants Emergency Use of Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine; UK Identifies Variant and Launches Immunization Campaign</h2> December 11 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-key-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-first-covid-19">grants</a> its first emergency use authorization for a COVID-19 vaccine to the Pfizer-BioNTech candidate.</li> </ul> December 10 <ul> <li>Australia <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/australian-covid-vaccine-terminated-due-to-hiv-false-positives-20201210-p56mju.html">terminates</a> its purchase agreement for the University of Queensland’s COVID-19 vaccine after participants returned false positive HIV test results.</li> </ul> December 9 <ul> <li>The United Arab Emirates <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/09/business/china-coronavirus-vaccine-united-arab-emirates.html">becomes</a> the first nation to approve a Chinese coronavirus vaccine, approving Sinopharm’s candidate.</li> </ul> December 8 <ul> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/mutant-coronavirus-united-kingdom-sets-alarms-its-importance-remains-unclear">identifies</a> a new variant of SARS-CoV-2 that appeared to be more transmissible.</li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/12/08/944125280/u-k-begins-nationwide-coronavirus-immunization-largest-in-nations-history">begins</a> its nationwide coronavirus immunization campaign.</li> </ul> December 7 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2020/12/7/bbsao-paolo-sets-first-date-in-latin-america-to-start-vaccination">sets</a> January 25 as the first concrete date for vaccination in Latin America.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 27–December 4: UK Grants First Emergency Use Authorization to Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine</h2> December 2 <ul> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03441-8">grants</a> the world’s first emergency use authorization to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine candidate.</li> </ul> November 27 <ul> <li>South Korean intelligence officials <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/11/27/939478095/north-korea-executed-coronavirus-rule-breaker-says-south-korean-intelligence">report</a> North Korea executed a traveler who brought goods from China into North Korea, violating the country’s coronavirus-related quarantine measures.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 19–November 26: Samoa Announces Its First Case </h2> November 23 <ul> <li>AstraZeneca and Oxford <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/11/23/astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-is-70-effective-on-average-early-data-show/">announce</a> interim results show their vaccine candidate reduced the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 by an average 70 percent. This average is based on two different dose regimes; two full doses with 62 percent efficacy and a half dose followed by a full dose at 90 percent efficacy.</li> </ul> November 19 <ul> <li>Samoa <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/19/pacifics-samoa-records-first-case-of-coronavirus">announces</a> its first case, a traveler from Europe.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 12–November 18: Pfizer and BioNTech Announce 94 Percent Vaccine Efficacy; Moderna Announces 94 Percent Vaccine Efficacy; France Reaches 2 Million Cases</h2> November 18 <ul> <li>Pfizer and BioNTech <a href="https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-conclude-phase-3-study-covid-19-vaccine">announce</a> that interim results show their vaccine is more than 94 percent effective.</li> <li>France <a href="https://www.euronews.com/2020/11/18/coronavirus-france-crosses-2-million-cases-mark">becomes</a> the first European country to reach 2 million COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> November 16 <ul> <li>Moderna <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03248-7">announces</a> interim results show its vaccine candidate is more than 94 percent effective at preventing COVID-19.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of November 5–November 11: The United States Passes 10 Million Cases; Brazil Suspends SinoVac Trials; World Records 50 Million Cases</h2> November 11 <ul> <li>Vanuatu <a href="https://t.co/eZHsKTd9Do?amp=1">announces</a> its first case, a traveler from the United States.</li> <li>Gamaleya and the Russian Direct Investment Fund <a href="https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/the-first-interim-data-analysis-of-the-sputnik-v-vaccine-against-covid-19-phase-iii-clinical-trials-/">announce</a> interim results show their vaccine candidate, Sputnik V, is 92 percent effective at preventing COVID-19.</li> </ul> November 10 <ul> <li>The Czech Republic <a href="https://www.expats.cz/czech-news/article/extended-state-of-emergency-approved-by-czech-government">extends</a> its state of emergency until November 20. </li> <li>Belgium <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-announces-second-coronavirus-lockdown/">announces</a> second COVID-19 lockdown. </li> </ul> November 9 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-sinovac/suicide-halts-brazil-trial-of-chinese-vaccine-attacked-by-bolsonaro-idUSKBN27Q04C">suspends</a> vaccine trials for SinoVac after a participant died from suspected suicide unrelated to the vaccine. </li> <li>U.S. President-elect Joseph R. Biden <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/11/09/biden-transition-team-unveils-members-of-covid-19-task-force/">unveils</a> the members of his COVID-19 task force. </li> <li>Pfizer and BioNTech <a href="https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-announce-vaccine-candidate-against">announce</a> interim results show their vaccine candidate is more than 90 percent effective in preventing COVID-19 in participants without prior evidence of infection.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-11-09-20-intl/h_4cf908fc0569ac8d05444b0b5f4b6620">becomes</a> the first country in the world to record 10 million cases.</li> </ul> November 8 <ul> <li>The world <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-global-cases/global-coronavirus-cases-exceed-50-million-after-30-day-spike-idUSKBN27O0IM">passes</a> 50 million coronavirus cases.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 28–November 4: The United States Passes 100,000 Cases in One Day; European Union is New Epicenter of the Pandemic</h2> November 4 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/11/03/covid-coronavirus-updates-2/">passes</a> 100,000 new daily COVID-19 cases for the first time. </li> <li>France <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2020/11/04/coronavirus-france-germany-and-the-uk-impose-new-lockdown-orders-as-pandemic-fatigue-seeps-in-across-europe-and-cases-soar.html">imposes</a> a second nationwide lockdown.</li> <li>Denmark <a href="https://fr.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-denmark-mink-idUKKBN27K2E0">announces</a> it will kill its entire mink population of 15–17 million after a coronavirus mutation was found to spread from the animals to humans.</li> </ul> October 30 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/523674-us-passes-nine-million-covid-19-infections">surpasses</a> nine million COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>The Czech Republic <a href="https://www.expats.cz/czech-news/article/extended-state-of-emergency-approved-by-czech-government">extends</a> its state of emergency until November 20. </li> <li>Belgium <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-announces-second-coronavirus-lockdown/">announces</a> second COVID-19 lockdown. </li> </ul> October 29 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-india-cases-idUKKBN27E0HS">surpasses </a>8 million COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/news/picture/japan-tops-100000-coronavirus-cases-dail-idUSKBN27E2OZ">surpasses</a> 100,000 COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://thehill.com/homenews/news/523456-who-europe-again-the-epicenter-of-coronavirus-pandemic-with-10-million-cases">declares</a> that Europe is again the "epicenter" of the pandemic.</li> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-eu-overwhelmed/eu-to-fund-transfer-of-covid-19-patients-across-borders-to-prevent-hospitals-collapse-idUSKBN27E3K3">will fund</a> the transfer of COVID-19 patients across country-borders to prevent hospital collapse.</li> </ul> October 28 <ul> <li>The U.S. government <a href="https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/press-releases/trump-administration-acts-ensure-coverage-life-saving-covid-19-vaccines-therapeutics">announces</a> it will pay for any future COVID-19 vaccines for Americans. </li> <li>France <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/28/france-expected-to-impose-four-week-national-lockdown-covid">imposes</a> new national four-week lockdown as COVID-19 cases surge. </li> <li>South Africa's President Cyril Ramaphosa <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-10-28/south-africa-s-ramaphosa-begins-covid-19-self-quarantine">goes into</a> self-quarantine after attending a dinner party with a COVID-19-positive guest.</li> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/who-reports-record-3-million-new-covid-19-cases-week">reports</a> a record three million new COVID-19 cases in one week.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/10/30/us/us-covid-case-record.html">records</a> 85,357 new daily COVID-19 cases, its highest figure to date. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 20–October 27: France Reports New Daily Record; India Reports Less Than 50,000 Cases; Italy Imposes Harshest Lockdown Since March</h2> October 27 <ul> <li>The Trump White House <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tommybeer/2020/10/27/white-house-lists-ending-covid-19-pandemic-as-trump-accomplishment/?sh=359941a21034">lists</a> ending the COVID-19 pandemic as an accomplishment despite a surge in cases.</li> </ul> October 25 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/france-hits-record-52-010-daily-covid-cases-spain-declares-n1244709">reports</a> a record 52,010 daily new COVID-19 cases.</li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/coronavirus-europe-italy-second-wave-lockdown/2020/10/25/6c011306-16df-11eb-82db-60b15c874105_story.html">imposes</a> its harshest lockdown restrictions since March. </li> </ul> October 22 <ul> <li>Bulgaria's Ministry of Health <a href="https://sofiaglobe.com/2020/10/21/covid-19-bulgaria-publishes-order-making-wearing-masks-outdoors-compulsory/">mandates</a> that masks must be worn at all times in outdoor areas. </li> </ul> October 21 <ul> <li>The Czech Republic <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2020-10-21/czech-republic-reports-record-one-day-coronavirus-cases">reinstates</a> its mask-mandate. </li> <li>Brazil's Health Minister, Eduardo Pazuello, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-brazil-health-ministe/brazils-health-minister-tests-positive-for-covid-19-ministry-says-idINKBN2762H7">tests positive</a> for COVID-19. </li> <li>Germany's Health Minister, Jens Spahn, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-germany-minister/german-health-minister-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-idUSKBN2762MM">tests positive</a> for COVID-19.</li> </ul> October 20 <ul> <li>Belgium <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/oct/20/coronavirus-live-news-who-says-failure-to-quarantine-behind-soaring-case-rises">requires</a> hospitals to postpone elective medical procedures to help tackle the COVID-19 surge.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-records-less-than-50-000-covid-19-cases-in-24-hours-for-first-time-since-july-end/story-nvqfh1JkX2tbSwp9my7OMI.html">reports</a> fewer than 50,000 new daily COVID-19 cases for the first time in three months. </li> <li>The United States reports 58,387 new COVID-19 cases in a 24-hour period, its highest figure since July.</li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2020-10-20/russia-reports-more-than-16-000-new-coronavirus-cases-for-the-first-time">reports</a> more than 16,000 new daily COVID-19 cases for the first time. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 12–October 19: Global COVID-19 Cases Pass 40 Million; Johnson & Johnson Pauses Vaccine Trial; Singapore and Indonesia Open Their Borders</h2> October 19 <ul> <li>There are now <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/10/19/925325563/40-million-coronavirus-cases-are-now-reported-worldwide">over 40 million</a> reported COVID-19 cases globally.</li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-iran/irans-daily-coronavirus-death-toll-hits-337-a-record-tv-idUSKBN2741KL">records</a> 337 COVID-19 related deaths, its highest figure since the pandemic took effect. </li> <li>Argentina <a href="https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-international-news-public-health-health-peru-54a2d3995d7323a7f8cdd4b84e1886fe">surpasses</a> one million COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>The United States and Mexico <a href="https://www.dhs.gov/news/2020/10/19/fact-sheet-dhs-measures-border-limit-further-spread-coronavirus">reach</a> a border-control agreement to limit movement across their borders to help curb the spread of COVID-19. </li> </ul> October 13 <ul> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/local-covid-alert-levels-what-you-need-to-know">reports</a> 13,868 new COVID-19 cases in a 24-hour period.</li> </ul> October 12 <ul> <li>Johnson & Johnson <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/12/world/johnson-johnson-pauses-its-coronavirus-vaccine-trial-because-of-a-volunteers-unexplained-illness.html">pauses</a> its COVID-19 vaccine trails after a participant contracts an unexplained illness.</li> <li>Carnival Cruises <a href="https://www.carnival.com/health-and-sailing-updates.aspx">announces</a> cruise cancellations through March 2022. </li> <li>New research <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2771761">shows</a> that there were 20 percent more deaths than expected from March 1 to August 1, two-thirds of which were attributable to COVID-19.</li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/local-covid-alert-levels-what-you-need-to-know">imposes</a> new lockdown rules across the country. </li> <li>Singapore and Indonesia agree to open their borders for travel. </li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/iran-has-highest-daily-virus-death-toll-new-patient-count">reports</a> 272 COVID-19-related deaths, its highest death toll since the pandemic took effect. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of October 5–October 11: White House Outbreak Reaches 34 People; President Trump Returns to the White House; White House Prepares $1.8 Trillion Stimulus Proposal</h2> October 10 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-54496354">passes</a> 150,000 COVID-19 deaths, giving it the second-highest death-toll after the United States.</li> </ul> October 9 <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/facing-resistance-spain-declares-state-of-emergency-to-stem-madrids-covid-19-outbreak-11602263159">declares</a> a state of emergency in response to Madrid's COVID-19 outbreak.</li> <li>The White House<a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/white-house-preparing-new-1-8-trillion-stimulus-proposal-11602259814"> prepares</a> a $1.8 trillion COVID-19 stimulus proposal.  </li> <li>China's Foreign Ministry Spokesperson, Hua Chunying, <a href="https://twitter.com/SpokespersonCHN/status/1314371644207493120">announces</a> China's commitment to COVAX.</li> <li>A study <a href="https://khn.org/morning-breakout/prolonged-covid-symptoms-persist-in-pregnant-women/">reveals</a> that one in four pregnant women experience prolonged COVID-19 symptoms.  </li> <li>Nepal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-nepal/nepal-warns-of-healthcare-crisis-as-coronavirus-infections-cross-100000-idUSKBN26U148">reports</a> 100,000 new COVID-19 cases, its largest daily increase since the pandemic took effect. </li> </ul> October 8 <ul> <li>Top White House aid, Stephen Miller, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2020/10/06/us/trump-covid-live-updates">tests positive</a> for COVID-19. </li> <li>White House COVID-19 outbreak <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/10/08/covid-white-house-contact-tracing/">reaches</a> at least 34 people.</li> </ul> October 7 <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-italy-idUSKBN26S38V">begins</a> ordering mandatory COVID-19 testing on travelers from the United Kingdom, Belgium, Italy, and the Czech Republic.</li> </ul> October 6 <ul> <li>AstraZeneca's clinical trials <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/10/06/astrazeneca-covid19-second-dose-trial-vaccine/">remain</a> on hold in the United States, the last country to keep the hold in place. </li> </ul> October 5 <ul> <li>President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/us/politics/white-house-coronavirus.html">returns</a> to the White House from Walter Reed hospital. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 27–October 4: President Trump Diagnosed With COVID-19; Global Deaths Pass One Million; NFL Reports Its First Outbreak </h2> October 3 <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://es.usembassy.gov/covid-19-information/">imposes</a> a partial lockdown on Madrid.</li> <li>The Solomon Islands <a href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/427539/solomon-islands-has-first-case-of-covid-19">reports</a> its first case of COVID-19. </li> </ul> October 2 <ul> <li>U.S. President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/hope-hicks-president-trumps-closest-advisers-tests-positive/story?id=73377363">test positive</a> for COVID-19.</li> <li>President Trump <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/02/us/politics/trump-hospitalized-with-coronavirus.html">is flown</a> to Walter Reed hospital to receive treatment for the coronavirus. </li> </ul> October 1 <ul> <li>New York City's hotspots in Queens and Brooklyn, <a href="https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/all-eyes-on-nyc-clusters-as-tens-of-thousands-more-students-return-to-school-thursday/2645295/">reach</a> a 6.5 COVID-19 positivity rate. </li> <li>Advisor to U.S. President, Hope Hicks, <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/hope-hicks-president-trumps-closest-advisers-tests-positive/story?id=73377363">tests positive</a> for COVID-19. </li> </ul> September 30 <ul> <li>Major League Baseball <a href="https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/30011224/mlb-allowing-limited-number-fans-nlcs-world-series-arlington-texas">announces</a> it will allow a "limited number" of fans to attend the World Series event. </li> <li>Canada, Germany, United Kingdom, and Sweden <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/30-09-2020-un-welcomes-nearly-1-billion-in-recent-pledges-to-bolster-access-to-lifesaving-tests-treatments-and-vaccines-to-end-covid-19">commit</a> approximately $1 billion to the Access to COVID-19 Tool (ACT) Accelerator. </li> <li>Johnson & Johnson <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/who-announces-nearly-1-billion-to-fight-covid-19">announces</a> it will supply 500 million COVID-19 vaccine doses to developing countries.  </li> <li>The CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/s0930-no-sail-order.html">announces</a> a Cruise Ship No Sail Order, effective through October 31.</li> </ul> September 29 <ul> <li>The National Football League <a href="https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-nfl-tennessee-titans-minnesota-vikings-football-52e8fd0470d9b701634b567dcfa11926">reports</a> its first COVID-19 outbreak. </li> <li>Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2028436">shows</a> acceptable safety. </li> <li>India's Vice President, Venkaiah Naidu, <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/vice-prez-m-venkaiah-naidu-tests-positive-for-covid-19-goes-in-home-quarantine/story-oos2PmUU2vVN5SvyHbVS6H.html">tests</a> positive for COVID-19. </li> <li>New York City's COVID-19 positivity rate <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/29/nyregion/nyc-coronavirus-uptick.html">reaches</a> 3.25 percent—its highest figure since June. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-russia-nep-idUSKBN26K15R">signs a deal</a> to supply 25 million doses of its Sputnik V vaccine to Nepal. </li> <li>Moscow <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-moscow-schools/moscow-extends-school-holiday-as-coronavirus-cases-rise-idUSKBN26K0VT">extends</a> school holiday in response to an increasing number of COVID-19 cases.</li> </ul> September 28 <ul> <li>Global COVID-19 deaths <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/28/world/covid-1-million-deaths.html">pass</a> one million. </li> <li>New York's <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-usa/new-yorks-positive-coronavirus-test-rate-hits-15-as-cases-climb-in-27-other-states-idUSL1N2GP13Ohttps://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-usa/new-yorks-positive-coronavirus-test-rate-hits-15-as-cases-climb-in-27-other-states-idUSL1N2GP13O">positive</a> COVID-19 test rate reaches 1.5 percent, reflecting a national increase in cases.</li> <li>The Netherlands <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54331925">implements</a> new restrictions on restaurants and bars, and inter-city travel as COVID-19 cases surge. </li> <li>Finland <a href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/finland_slaps_bars_with_nationwide_midnight_curfew_10pm_for_capital_region/11570005">introduces</a> a midnight curfew on bars and restaurants. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 19–September 26: United States Passes Seven Million COVID-19 Cases</h2> September 25 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/25/coronavirus-cases-7-million-421861">passes</a> seven million COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> September 24 <ul> <li>U.S. NIAID Director Anthony Fauci <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-09-24-20-intl/h_c33a9ff0a0135fb22986a9bb91013385">states</a> that aerosol transmission of the coronavirus does occur. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.afro.who.int/news/social-environmental-factors-seen-behind-africas-low-covid-19-cases">estimates</a> that as many as 80 percent of cases in Africa are asymptomatic. </li> </ul> September 22 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/22/health/us-coronavirus-deaths-200k/index.html">passes</a> 200,000 deaths from COVID-19. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 11–September 18: India Reports Over 83,000 new daily cases</h2> September 18 <ul> <li>Denmark <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-denmark/denmark-imposes-new-restrictions-to-curb-coronavirus-spike-idUSKBN2691X4">limits</a> public gatherings to groups of 50 people or less. </li> <li>CDC <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/09/21/915351325/cdc-publishes-then-withdraws-guidance-on-aerosol-spread-of-coronavirus">publishes</a> and then removes guidance on aerosol spread of COVID-19.  </li> </ul> September 16 <ul> <li>Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dr. Robert Redfield, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/cdc-director-says-coronavirus-vaccines-wont-be-widely-available-till-the-middle-of-next-year/2020/09/16/209fecf6-f827-11ea-be57-d00bb9bc632d_story.html">announces</a> that a COVID-19 vaccine likely will not be widely available until mid-2021. </li> </ul> September 15 <ul> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-iran/iran-reports-highest-daily-coronavirus-cases-in-past-10-days-idUSKBN25Y16J">reports</a> 2,152 new COVID-19 cases, its highest daily increase in 10 days.</li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-britain-cases/uk-records-1940-new-daily-covid-cases-highest-since-may-30-idUSKBN25V286">records</a> 1,940 new COVID-19 cases, its highest daily increase since May.</li> <li>Australia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-australia/australia-to-receive-first-batch-of-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-in-jan-2021-pm-to-say-idUSKBN25X0I8">announces</a> it will receive first batch of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine in January 2021.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of September 3–September 10: India Reports Over 83,000 New Daily Cases for Two Consecutive Days; Russia's Vaccine Generates an Immune Response; Over 500,000 U.S. Children Are Diagnosed With COVID-19</h2> September 9 <ul> <li>More than <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2020-09-09/report-more-than-half-a-million-us-children-have-been-diagnosed-with-covid-19">500,000</a> U.S. children have been diagnosed with COVID-19.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.afar.com/magazine/us-airports-to-no-longer-screen-international-arrivals-for-covid-19">announces</a> it will stop screening international arrivals for COVID-19.</li> </ul> September 8 <ul> <li>Egypt <a href="https://menafn.com/1100765508/Egypt-passes-100000-COVID-19-case-mark-as-daily-count-remains-stable">passes</a> 100,000 COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>AstraZeneca <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/09/08/910863680/covid-19-vaccine-trial-paused-due-to-illness-in-one-volunteer">pauses</a> COVID-19 vaccine trails after one volunteer falls ill. </li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/3100605/hong-kong-may-relax-social-distancing-rules">relaxes</a> social distancing measures.</li> <li>The Confederation of North, Central American, and Caribbean Association Football <a href="https://www.concacaf.com/en/world-cup-qualifying-men/article/update-on-the-concacaf-qualifiers-for-the-fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022">announces</a> it will postpone qualifying matches until March 2021.</li> </ul> September 7 <ul> <li>New York's <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/515347-new-york-infection-rate-stays-below-1-percent-for-30-straight-days">positive</a> test rate stays below 1 percent for 30 consecutive days. </li> <li>India <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2020/09/07/india-records-90000-new-covid-cases-overtakes-brazil-as-second-worst-hit-nation/#9d70c9a167f0">records</a> 90,000 new daily COVID-19 cases, overtaking Brazil as the second worst-hit country.</li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/sep/07/coronavirus-live-news-cases-rising-in-22-us-states-as-france-declares-more-covid-19-red-zones?page=with:block-5f565bc78f08c5bb9a756bc6">passes</a> 500,000 COVID-19 cases, a milestone-figure in Western Europe. </li> <li>French Open Tennis Tournament <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2020/09/07/french-open-fans/">announces</a> it will allow a limited number of fans to attend the event. </li> <li>Denmark <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-denmark/denmark-to-limit-public-gatherings-in-copenhagen-after-coronavirus-spike-idUSKBN25Y1AW">limits</a> public gatherings in Copenhagen to limit COVID-19 spread.</li> </ul> September 6 <ul> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-southkorea/south-koreas-new-coronavirus-cases-sink-to-three-week-low-amid-tight-restrictions-idUSKBN25X0DQ">reports</a> 167 new COVID-19 cases, its smallest 24-hour rise in three weeks. </li> </ul> September 5 <ul> <li>Australia's COVID-19 epicenter, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-australia/australias-covid-19-epicenter-extends-hard-lockdown-till-late-september-idUSKBN25X009">Melbourne</a>, extends its hard-lockdown until the end of September. </li> </ul> September 4 <ul> <li>Moderna <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/moderna-enrollment/vaccine-developer-moderna-could-slow-covid-19-trials-to-add-at-risk-minorities-idUSKBN25W0AA">slows down</a> phase three vaccine trials to expand testing to at-risk minorities.</li> <li>One study <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(20)30402-1/fulltext">finds that</a> Russia's COVID-19 vaccine generated a "strong immune response."</li> <li>France <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200904-france-reports-record-daily-covid-19-cases-of-nearly-9-000">reports</a> 9,000 new COVID-19 cases, its highest 24-hour increase. </li> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/new-zealand-coronavirus-death/a-54810517">reports</a> its first COVID-19 death in three months and <a href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/425228/covid-19-auckland-to-remain-at-alert-level-2-point-5-until-at-least-16-september-ardern">announces</a> it will remain at alarm level 2.5 until at least September 16.</li> <li>India <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/covid-19-over-83000-cases-india-sees-new-high-recoveries-cross-30-lakh/articleshow/77921767.cms">reports</a> over 83,000 new COVID-19 cases for the second consecutive day. </li> </ul> September 3 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil/brazils-coronavirus-cases-pass-the-four-million-mark-ministry-idUSKBN25U35Y">passes</a> four million COVID-19 cases.</li> <li>Thailand <a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/thailand-reports-first-local-case-after-100-day-coronavirus-free-run">reports</a> its first COVID-19 case after 100 days. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/09/03/russia-plans-to-resume-egypt-uae-maldives-flights-amid-pandemic-a71330">resumes</a> flights to the UAE, Egypt, and Maldives. </li> <li>India <a href="https://apnews.com/66781baa84f363988ecc5c5d30e23933">reports</a> over 83,000 new COVID-19 cases. </li> <li>Czech Republic <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-czech-cases/czech-republic-reports-record-daily-coronavirus-cases-four-ministers-isolating-idUSKBN25U17I">reports</a> 650 new COVID-19 cases, a new 24-hour record. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 26–September 2: COVID-19 Cases in Europe Reach March Levels; India Becomes Third Worst-Affected Country; Latin America Passes 7 Million Cases</h2> September 2 <ul> <li>COVID-19 cases in Europe <a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/09/03/covid-19-cases-in-europe-back-to-march-level-eu-health-body-says.html">are almost</a> back to March levels.</li> <li>Greece <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-greece-migrants/greece-reports-first-coronavirus-case-in-moria-migrant-camp-on-lesbos-idUSKBN25T1CA">reports</a> its first COVID-19 case at Moria refugee camp. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3099972/coronavirus-beijing-opens-inbound-flights-city-gets-back-normal">resumes</a> international flights to and from Beijing.</li> <li>Dr. Moncef Slaoui, the chief adviser for the White House vaccine program, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/03/world/covid-coronavirus.html">said that</a> a COVID-19 vaccine before November would be “extremely unlikely but not impossible.” </li> </ul> September 1 <ul> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-colombia-idUSKBN25S6DO">passes</a> 20,000 COVID-19 deaths.</li> <li>The U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/09/01/908581048/sweeping-new-eviction-ban-from-trump-administration">issues</a> a temporary halt on evictions until the end of 2020. </li> <li>The National Institutes of Health <a href="https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/statement-on-convalescent-plasma-eua/">advised</a> doctors to not use convalescent plasma as a COVID-19 treatment until more research is conducted. </li> <li>Utah State University <a href="https://www.usu.edu/today/story/update-for-usu-community-on-coronavirus">issues</a> mandatory quarantine after detecting COVID-19 in water supply. </li> <li>The White House <a href="https://nypost.com/2020/09/01/white-house-set-to-resume-public-tours-after-6-month-hiatus/">announces</a> it will resume tours at 18 percent capacity following six-month hiatus. </li> </ul> August 31 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/india-surpasses-us-record-new-coronavirus-infections-second-day-row-more-78000-cases-1528694">reports</a> 78,000 new COVID-19 cases, surpassing the U.S. record for the second day in a row. </li> <li>India becomes the country with the third-highest number of COVID-19 cases behind the United States and Brazil.</li> <li>Jordan <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/brazil-coronavirus-deaths-surpass-120000-live-updates-200829232301925.html">reports</a> its highest daily number of locally transmitted COVID-19 cases.</li> </ul> August 28 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200827-france-records-more-than-6-000-new-covid-19-cases-highest-figure-since-april">reports</a> 6,111 new COVID-19 cases, its highest daily number of new infections since March. </li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-turkey/turkeys-daily-covid-19-death-toll-hits-highest-level-since-may-ministry-idUSKBN25O2HZ">reports</a> 1,517 new COVID-19 deaths, its highest death-toll since May. </li> <li>The FDA <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-gilead-fda-eua/fda-expands-emergency-use-of-gileads-remdesivir-in-hospitalized-covid-19-patients-idUSKBN25O2YK">expands</a> emergency authorization of remdesivir for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. </li> <li>Ireland <a href="https://www.thejournal.ie/pubs-support-package-5189458-Aug2020/">announces</a> a $19 million support package for pubs. </li> <li>Hungary <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/coronavirus-hungary-to-close-borders-starting-september-1/">announces</a> it will close its borders to foreigners again starting September 1. </li> <li>New York <a href="https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-new-record-low-covid-19-infection-rate-and-8-million-tests-conducted">announces</a> its lowest rate of COVID-19 infection since the pandemic began, marking three consecutive weeks of an infection rate below one percent. </li> </ul> August 27 <ul> <li>The White House <a href="https://twitter.com/PressSec/status/1299078320605270016?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1299078320605270016%7Ctwgr%5E&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-pandemic-08-28-20-intl%2Findex.html">announces</a> the purchase of 150 million rapid COVID-19 tests. </li> <li>Latin America surpasses seven million COVID-19 cases.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 18–August 25: First Case of Reinfection Reported; New Cases Are Decreasing in Half of U.S. States; South Korea Stops In-Person Instruction in Over 2,000 Schools </h2> August 24 <ul> <li>First case of COVID-19 reinfection <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/08/24/first-covid-19-reinfection-documented-in-hong-kong-researchers-say/">reported</a> in Hong Kong. </li> <li>White House officials <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/b053f55b-2a8b-436c-8154-0e93dcdb3c1a">announce</a> the possibility of fast-tracking a COVID-19 vaccine before phase three trials are completed. </li> <li>New COVID-19 cases are <a href="https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2020/health/coronavirus-us-maps-and-cases/">decreasing</a> in half of U.S. states. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world-report/articles/2020-08-24/south-korea-stops-in-person-instruction-at-2-000-schools-amid-surge-in-coronavirus-cases">stops</a> in-person classes at over 2,000 schools in response to rising COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> August 23 <ul> <li>The U.S. FDA <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/08/23/trump-convalescent-plasma-okay/">issues</a> an emergency authorization for convalescent plasma treatment against COVID-19. </li> <li>New York state <a href="https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-new-record-low-covid-19-hospitalizations-icu-patients-and-intubations">announces</a> record-low number of COVID-19 hospitalizations. </li> <li>COVID-19 cases in France <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/world/europe/france-coronavirus-cases.html">triple</a> within the past month. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.aap.com.au/s-korea-records-rise-in-covid-19-cases/">reports</a> its highest-number of new COVID-19 cases since March. </li> </ul> August 22 <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/aug/22/coronavirus-live-news-global-deaths-near-800000-australian-state-of-queensland-brings-in-new-restrictions">reports</a> 1,000 new COVID-19 cases for the first time since May. </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2020/08/22/COVID-19-Germany-reports-largest-daily-spike-in-cases-since-April/8221598106125/">reports</a> largest increase in daily cases since late April.</li> </ul> August 19 <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/f638c7f3-dabb-3b62-87f3-695f4c23d632">reports</a> its highest level of COVID-19 deaths since May. </li> <li>Egypt <a href="https://eg.usembassy.gov/alert-pcr-testing-and-other-covid-19-updates/">requires</a> negative Covid-19 PCR test from all travelers starting September 1. </li> <li>The U.S. College Board <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2020/08/18/the-august-sat-is-cancelled-for-nearly-half-of-students/#49e06ed27972">cancels</a> the SAT test for nearly half of the students scheduled to take it in August. </li> <li>The Trump Administration's Operation Warp Speed <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/08/19/coronavirus-covid-live-updates-us/">announces</a> a COVID-19 vaccine will likely be made available next spring. </li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-brazil/brazil-reports-nearly-50000-new-coronavirus-cases-deaths-top-111000-idUSS0N2F2027">reports</a> 50,000 new COVID-19 cases.</li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil/brazil-coronavirus-cases-top-3-4-million-death-toll-nears-110000-idUSKCN25E2T6">passes</a> 110,000 COVID-19 deaths and 2.4 million cases. </li> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-colombia/colombia-passes-half-a-million-coronavirus-cases-as-deaths-approach-16000-idUSKCN25F2UN">approaches</a> 16,000 COVID-19 deaths and passes 500,000 cases. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 10–August 17: Russia Approves Vaccine; Moderna Agrees to Supply the United States Vaccine; WHO Reports Record Number of New Cases</h2> August 17 <ul> <li>New York Governor Andrew Cuomo <a href="https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-covid-19-infection-rate-below-1-percent-tenth-straight-day">announces</a> the state's COVID-19 infection rate is below 1 percent for the tenth consecutive day. </li> </ul> August 15 <ul> <li>The World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200815-covid-19-sitrep-208.pdf?sfvrsn=9dc4e959_2">reports</a> 294,237 new COVID-19, a record number of new cases reported within 24 hours. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://tass.com/society/1189989">begins</a> production of Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> August 14 <ul> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53776045">extends</a> its lockdown in Auckland by 12 days amid COVID-19 concerns. </li> </ul> August 13 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.deccanherald.com/national/record-single-day-spike-of-nearly-67000-covid-19-cases-takes-indias-tally-to-2396-lakh-872743.html">reports</a> just under 67,000 new COVID-19 cases, its highest daily increase since the pandemic took effect. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1293936268276113408">reports</a> that the COVID-19 pandemic is costing the the global economy over $375 billion per month, citing International Monetary Fund research. </li> <li>U.S. presidential candidate Joe Biden <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2020/08/13/biden-calls-for-national-mask-mandate-for-next-three-months-at-minimum/#2411422740d7">calls for</a> a three-month national mask mandate. </li> <li>New unemployment claims in the United States <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/08/13/902102168/new-jobless-claims-dip-below-1-million-for-first-time-since-march">fall below</a> one million for the first time since March. </li> <li>Venezuelan politician and the governor of Venezuela's Caracas capital district, Dario Vivas, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/08/13/world/americas/13reuters-health-coronavirus-venezuela-politics.html">becomes</a> the first government official to die from COVID-19 in the country. </li> </ul> August 12 <ul> <li>Greece <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-greece/greece-registers-262-new-coronavirus-cases-highest-daily-tally-idUSKCN2582GR">reports</a> 262 new COVID-19 cases, its largest jump in daily cases since the pandemic began. </li> <li>France <a href="//www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-53745481">reports</a> 1,397 new COVID-19 cases, its highest number of new cases since it began easing lockdown restrictions. </li> <li>New Jersey <a href="https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/511664-nj-governor-reverses-course-will-allow-schools-to-open-all-remote">announces</a> schools can reopen in the fall. </li> <li>Jordan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-jordan-border-crossin/jordan-to-close-border-with-syria-after-spike-in-covid-19-cases-idUSL1N2FE0IK">closes</a> its border with Syria over COVID-19 concerns. </li> </ul> August 11 <ul> <li>Russia<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02386-2"> becomes</a> the first country to approve a COVID-19 vaccine, called "Sputnik V." Scientists worldwide condemn the approval over safety concerns. </li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil/brazils-paran-state-plans-deal-with-russia-to-make-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKCN2571VX">begins</a> talks with Russia to manufacture its COVID-19 vaccine. </li> </ul> August 10 <ul> <li>Moderna and the Trump administration <a href="https://fortune.com/2020/08/11/moderna-covid-19-vaccine-trump-us-deal/">negotiate</a> a deal to supply the United States with 100 million doses of its experimental COVID-19 vaccine.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of August 2–August 9: COVID-19 Cases in the Philippines pass 100,000</h2> August 7 <ul> <li>New York Governor, Andrew Cuomo <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/07/nyregion/cuomo-schools-reopening.html">announces</a> New York City schools can reopen in the fall if COVID-19 cases remain low. </li> </ul> August 2 <ul> <li>COVID-19 cases in the Philippines <a href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2020/08/804c756fe1f4-philippine-cases-of-covid-19-top-100000.html">pass</a> 100,000.</li> <li>Deborah L. Birx, the Trump administration’s coronavirus coordinator, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/02/health/dr-birx-coronavirus-phase.html">warns</a> the United States is in a “new phase” of the coronavirus epidemic. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 25–August 1: North Korea Reports Its First Suspected Case; South Korea Records Its Largest Daily Increase Since March; Mexico  Reports the Third-Highest Death Toll in the World </h2> August 1 <ul> <li>Mexico's COVID-19 death toll <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-53618808">becomes</a> the third-highest in the world. </li> <li>Kuwait <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-airlines-kuwait/kuwait-bans-flights-to-31-high-risk-countries-due-to-coronavirus-idUSKBN24X3QC">bans</a> commercial flights from 31 high-risk countries citing coronavirus concerns. </li> <li>Mississippi has the <a href="https://www.wlbt.com/2020/07/30/mississippi-has-highest-covid-positivity-rate-us/">highest</a> COVID-19 positivity rate in the United States. </li> <li>India <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/08/01/business/ap-virus-outbreak-the-latest.html">reports</a> 57,000 new COVId-19 cases, its highest daily jump. </li> </ul> July 30 <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://english.elpais.com/society/2020-07-30/spain-records-1153-daily-coronavirus-cases-the-highest-figure-since-may-1.html">records</a> 1,153 daily COVID-19 cases, its highest-figure since April. </li> </ul> July 29 <ul> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-russia-vaccine/russian-covid-19-vaccine-approval-imminent-source-says-idUSKCN24U1V9">reports</a> its on-track to approve the first COVID-19 vaccine in mid-August. </li> </ul> July 28 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.foxnews.com/world/china-sees-spike-in-covid-19-cases-6-months-after-who-declares-coronavirus-a-health-emergency">reports</a> 105 new COVID-19 cases, its highest number of new cases since April. </li> </ul> July 27 <ul> <li>Phase III <a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/phase-3-clinical-trial-investigational-vaccine-covid-19-begins">clinical trials</a> for a COVID-19 vaccine, developed by Moderna, begin in the United States. </li> <li>A domestic cat <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/27/pet-cat-diagnosed-with-covid-19-uk-government-confirms">becomes</a> the first animal in the United Kingdom to test positive for the virus. </li> </ul> July 26 <ul> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/3094787/hong-kong-third-wave-social-distancing-measures">records </a>over 100 new COVID-19 cases for the fifth consecutive day, indicative of a third-wave.  </li> </ul> July 25 <ul> <li>North Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-northkorea/north-korea-reports-first-suspected-case-of-covid-19-kcna-idUSP8N2B8028">reports</a> what is then-suspected to be its first case of COVID-19.</li> <li>North Korea<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/nkorea-puts-kaesong-city-in-lockdown-over-suspected-outbreak/2020/07/25/fb99c21e-ced8-11ea-99b0-8426e26d203b_story.html"> also implements</a> a lockdown in Kaesong, a city near its border with South Korea, over a suspected COVID-19 case. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-southkorea/south-korea-reports-113-new-coronavirus-cases-most-since-march-idUSKCN24Q01Y">records</a> its largest daily increase of COVID-19 cases since March. </li> <li>Vietnam <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/25/world/asia/coronavirus-vietnam.html">reports</a> its first locally transmitted case in 100 days. </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spain-removed-from-travel-corridors-exemption-list">removes</a> Spain from its safe travel list. </li> <li>COVID-19 hospitalizations <a href="https://bi.ahca.myflorida.com/t/ABICC/views/Public/COVIDHospitalizationsCounty?%3AshowAppBanner=false&%3Adisplay_count=n&%3AshowVizHome=n&%3Aorigin=viz_share_link&%3AisGuestRedirectFromVizportal=y&%3Aembed=y%20%20%20%20%20#%23%23%23">are up</a> 79 percent in three weeks in Florida. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 17–July 24: China and Russia Are Accused of Stealing COVID-19 Vaccine Research; India Passes One Million Cases; Record Number of Cases is Reported to the WHO</h2> July 22 <ul> <li>Global coronavirus cases <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-global-cases/global-coronavirus-cases-exceed-15-million-reuters-tally-idUSKCN24N0KK">surpass</a> 15 million; the United States remains the nation with the highest number of cases worldwide.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53493028">charges</a> two Chinese hackers accused of targeting institutions working on vaccine research in the United States, Germany, United Kingdom, and Japan, among other nations.</li> <li>Coronavirus cases in Africa <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/07/trump-urges-americans-wear-masks-curb-coronavirus-live-200721233328914.html">exceed</a> 750,000.</li> <li>Washington, D.C. <a href="https://wtop.com/coronavirus/2020/07/dc-coronavirus-update-july-22/">issues</a> a new mask mandate as cases rise.</li> </ul> July 21 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/world/china-requires-negative-covid-19-tests-for-arriving-air-passengers-11595317334601.html">requires</a> proof of negative COVID-19 test for all incoming passengers. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/us-china-covid-19-vaccine-research/2020/07/21/8b6ca0c0-cb58-11ea-91f1-28aca4d833a0_story.html">accuses</a> China of hacking COVID-19 vaccine research trials. </li> </ul> July 20 <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/20/world/europe/eu-stimulus-coronavirus.html">negotiates</a> a $859 billion COVID-19 stimulus package. </li> </ul> July 19 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://www.india.com/news/india/covid-19-record-single-day-spike-of-nearly-39000-cases-takes-indias-tally-beyond-10-7-lakh-death-toll-reaches-26816-key-points-4088803/">reports</a> 38,902 new cases, its highest single-day spike.</li> </ul> July 18 <ul> <li> A new record number of cases, 259,848, <a href="https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200718-covid-19-sitrep-180.pdf?sfvrsn=39b31718_2">is reported</a> to the World Health Organization. </li> <li>The FDA <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-issues-first-emergency-authorization-sample-pooling-diagnostic">issues</a> its first emergency use authorization for COVID-19 pool testing. </li> </ul> July 17 <ul> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/16/us/politics/vaccine-hacking-russia.html">is accused</a> of stealing COVID-19 vaccine research from the United Kingdom. </li> <li>A record number of cases, 237,743, <a href="https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200717-covid-19-sitrep-179.pdf?sfvrsn=2f1599fa_2">is reported</a> to the World Health Organization.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-17/india-becomes-third-country-to-cross-1-million-coronavirus-cases">becomes</a> the third country to pass one million COVID-19 cases. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 9–July 16: WHO Announces Independent Coronavirus Review; White House Orders Hospitals to Bypass CDC; Moderna Shows Positive Immune Response </h2> July 16 <ul> <li>Georgia's governor <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/07/16/891718516/georgias-governor-issues-order-rescinding-local-mask-mandates">issues</a> an executive order rescinding mask mandates made by local governments across the state.</li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-italy-ban/italy-bans-entry-from-serbia-kosovo-and-montenegro-due-to-covid-19-statement-says-idUSKCN24H1K8">announces</a> bans on entry for people coming from Serbia, Kosovo, and Montenegro.</li> <li>U.S., British, and Canadian officials <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/07/16/coronavirus-live-updates-us/">say</a> that Russian hackers targeted academic institutions and laboratories working on coronavirus vaccine research.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-india/india-coronavirus-cases-near-one-million-driven-by-surge-in-rural-areas-idUSKCN24H1H2">approaches</a> one million coronavirus cases as numbers rise in rural areas of the country.</li> <li>Tokyo <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-07-16-20-intl/index.html">records</a> its highest single-day increase in cases in the capital city.</li> </ul> July 15  <ul> <li>Single-day tallies for cases, hospitalizations, and deaths <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/coronavirus-latest-updates-07-15-2020-11594798680">reach</a> highs across several states including Florida, Oklahoma, and Mississippi.</li> <li>South Africa is <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-safrica/south-africa-covid-19-cases-set-to-reach-300000-despite-early-lockdown-idUSKCN24G258">expected</a> to surpass 300,000 coronavirus cases.</li> <li>Belgium <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-belgium/belgium-holds-off-on-further-easing-steps-as-covid-cases-turn-higher-idUSKCN24G24E">delays</a> additional reopening measures as cases increase in the country.</li> <li>Walmart, the world's largest retailer, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/07/15/walmart-face-mask-requirement/">requires</a> all shoppers to wear face-masks in all 5,000 of its U.S. stores. </li> </ul> July 14 <ul> <li>Global coronavirus cases <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/14/world/million-coronavirus-cases-five-days-intl/index.html">increased</a> by one million over the past five days.</li> <li>Australia, Hong Kong, and India are among those <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-asia/asia-ramps-up-coronavirus-curbs-as-new-clusters-erupt-idUSKCN24F0FS">imposing</a> new restrictions amid increases in cases.</li> <li>Latin America and the Caribbean have <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-07-14-20-intl/h_0dff934fafcdf0d152bfa32dbc36ecaf">recorded</a> more coronavirus deaths than the United States and Canada.</li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-russia-cases/russia-confirms-more-than-6200-new-coronavirus-cases-idUSKCN24F0O1">reports</a> 6,248 new cases.</li> <li>Disneyland Hong Kong <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/13/business/hong-kong-disneyland-closing.html">closes</a> less than a month after reopening citing concerns for another surge of the virus. </li> <li>Moderna, the first potential coronavirus vaccine tested in humans, is <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/14/health/cornavirus-vaccine-moderna.html">demonstrated</a> to show a positive immune response.</li> <li>The White House <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/14/us/politics/trump-cdc-coronavirus.html">orders</a> hospitals to bypass the CDC and send COVID-19 case data directly to Washington. </li> </ul> July 13 <ul> <li>New York City <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/13/health/new-york-city-coronavirus-zero-deaths/index.html">reports</a> no new coronavirus deaths in a 24-hour period.</li> <li>California's two largest public school districts, Los Angeles and San Diego, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/13/us/lausd-san-diego-school-reopening.html">announce</a> they will be online-only for the fall semester. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/13/who-says-us-and-brazil-accounted-for-half-of-new-daily-coronavirus-cases.html">reports</a> that the United States and Brazil made up half of the daily increase in coronavirus cases globally.</li> <li>The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-southkorea-remdesi/one-in-three-south-korean-covid-19-patients-improve-with-remdesivir-idUSKCN24E0AO">finds</a> that one in three South Korean coronavirus patients showed improvements while on remdesivir.</li> <li>Kazakhstan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-kazakhstan/kazakhstan-to-extend-coronavirus-lockdown-by-two-weeks-idUSKCN24E1RL">extends</a> its second lockdown through July and announces additional aid for citizens without income.</li> </ul> July 12 <ul> <li>Mexico <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-mexico/mexico-surpasses-italy-to-post-worlds-fourth-highest-coronavirus-death-toll-idUSKCN24D0NP">surpasses</a> Italy as the country with the fourth-highest COVID-19 death toll. </li> <li>Argentina <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-argentina/argentina-exceeds-100000-cases-of-novel-coronavirus-idUSKCN24E00J">surpasses</a> 100,000 coronavirus cases despite an ongoing lockdown in Buenos Aires.</li> <li>Florida <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/07/12/coronavirus-update-us/">marks</a> 15,300 new cases, the highest single-day increase of any U.S. state since the pandemic began.</li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-safrica/south-africa-reimposes-alcohol-ban-curfew-as-coronavirus-cases-spike-idUSKCN24D0QU">reimposes</a> a curfew and ban on alcohol sales to relieve burdens on hospitals amid rising coronavirus cases.</li> <li>President Donald Trump <a href="https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/07/trump-finally-wears-a-face-mask-in-public-covid-19.html">makes</a> his first public appearance wearing a face-mask.</li> </ul> July 11 <ul> <li>Two Australian states <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-australia/australias-victoria-state-marks-week-of-triple-digit-coronavirus-cases-idUSKCN24D01Y">report</a> increases in cases linked to community transmission since the states reopened. </li> <li>Louisiana <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/07/11/coronavirus-update-us/">mandates</a> masks statewide amid rising cases and hospitalizations.</li> </ul> July 10 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/10/us-reports-record-single-day-spike-of-63200-new-coronavirus-cases.html">reports</a> 63,247 new coronavirus cases, its highest single-day increase to date.</li> <li>Revised data from Russia <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-10/russia-more-than-triples-covid-19-death-toll-in-revised-data">show</a> a mortality rate in April and May nearly three times higher than previously reported.</li> </ul> July 9 <ul> <li>Single-day case records are <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/09/world/coronavirus-updates.html">reported</a> across four states in the United States.</li> <li>Health workers in Ghana <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-ghana/ghana-health-workers-warn-of-potential-covid-19-calamity-idUSKBN24A2I3">urge</a> the government to provide PPE and other supplies to hospital systems to protect workers.</li> <li>Indonesia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-indonesia/indonesia-posts-worst-daily-rise-in-covid-19-cases-after-outbreak-among-military-cadets-idUSKBN24A1JC">reports</a> its highest single-day increase in coronavirus cases linked to an outbreak at a military training facility.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/09-07-2020-independent-evaluation-of-global-covid-19-response-announced">announces</a> an Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response (IPPR) to evaluate the world’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic.</li> <li>Data from WHO and African governments <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-africa/africa-urged-to-test-more-as-coronavirus-cases-exceed-500000-idUSKBN24A156">show</a> a 24 percent in increase in new coronavirus cases in Africa from the previous week.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of July 1–July 8: Cases in Brazil and the United States Continue to Spike; Countries Impose New Travel Restrictions; Africa Surpasses Half a Million Cases</h2> <ul> </ul> July 8 <ul> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/07/iran-reports-highest-one-day-covid-19-deaths-outbreak-200708100715125.html">reports</a> highest one-day death toll since the start of the pandemic, exceeding 12,000 total deaths.</li> <li>Intensive care units in hospitals across Florida and Arizona <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/07/08/coronavirus-live-updates-us/">reach</a> full capacity due to surges in coronavirus cases.</li> <li>Confirmed coronavirus cases in Africa <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/07/08/coronavirus-live-updates-us/">surpass</a> 500,000, but gaps in data and testing raise concerns about underreporting.</li> <li>Uzbekistan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-uzbekistan-lockdow/uzbekistan-to-introduce-second-lockdown-from-july-10-idUSKBN2491HL">announces</a> a second lockdown for July 10, in response to cases surging in the nation.</li> </ul> July 7 <ul> <li>Brazilian President Bolsonaro <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-bolsonaro/brazils-bolsonaro-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-idUSKBN24828N">tests</a> positive for coronavirus.</li> <li>President Donald Trump formally <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53327906">notifies</a> Congress and the United Nations of U.S. withdrawal from WHO.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-53329946">acknowledges</a> evidence suggesting airborne coronavirus transmission and cautions need for further assessment.</li> <li>Coronavirus cases in the Americas <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-latam/covid-19-cases-hit-5-9-million-in-americas-half-in-latin-america-caribbean-who-idUSKBN24829O">reach</a> 5.9 million, with half in Latin America and the Caribbean.</li> <li>Kenya <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-53325741">announces</a> schools will remain closed until 2021. </li> <li>Africa Development Bank <a href="https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/press-releases/post-covid-19-africas-growth-stands-rebound-3-2021-african-development-bank-says-african-economic-outlook-2020-supplement-36768">warns</a> that an additional 49 million Africans could be pushed into extreme poverty by the pandemic and its aftermath, with West and Central Africa hit hardest.</li> </ul> July 6 <ul> <li>Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil/brazils-bolsonaro-says-lungs-clean-after-coronavirus-test-idUSKBN2472SU">tells</a> supporters that his lungs are "clean" after undergoing a lung scan amid reports that he showed coronavirus symptoms.</li> <li>A Spanish government study involving over 61,000 participants <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-07-06-20-intl/h_72de9291960bd14c6479ef417741320d">finds</a> that coronavirus antibodies decrease with time, falling below necessary levels for herd immunity.</li> <li>California <a href="https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/506117-california-tells-six-additional-counties-to-close-indoor-businesses-all">orders</a> six additional counties to close indoor operations for restaurants, bars, and other businesses as coronavirus cases increase in the state.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-53303870">overtakes</a> Russia as the country with the third-most coronavirus cases. </li> </ul> July 5 <ul> <li>Scientists from over 30 countries <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/coronavirus-airborne-spread-world-health-organization/2020/07/05/9de19c38-bed8-11ea-b4f6-cb39cd8940fb_story.html">call</a> on WHO to direct attention to evidence suggesting airborne spread of coronavirus.</li> <li>Florida and Texas <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/07/05/887445479/u-s-covid-19-deaths-near-130-000-florida-and-texas-report-record-case-numbers">report</a> new single-day records for coronavirus cases.</li> </ul> July 4 <ul> <li>Melbourne, Australia <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-53289616">tightens</a> restrictions on 12 suburbs and imposes "hard lockdowns" on several apartment blocks as cases surge. The Australian Medical Association <a href="https://ama.com.au/media/ama-calls-pause-covid-19-restrictions">calls</a> for a pause in easing COVID-19 restrictions until the situation in Melbourne stabilizes.  </li> <li>New coronavirus cases in Tokyo <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-04/tokyo-reports-131-new-coronavirus-cases-nhk-says">increase</a> by 131, governor urges residents to limit travel outside of the city.</li> <li>Over 200,000 people in Spain's Lleida province are <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/04/europe/lockdown-lleida-province-spain-coronavirus-outbreaks-intl/index.html">ordered</a> to lock down due to outbreaks in the region.</li> </ul> July 3 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/07/03/887014363/u-s-surpasses-global-record-for-new-covid-19-cases-recorded-in-a-day">reports</a> over 55,000 new coronavirus cases, marking a new daily global record.</li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/03/world/europe/britain-quarantine-us-coronavirus.html">announces</a> an end to travel restrictions from fifty countries, not including the United States. </li> <li>French authorities <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/frances-macron-appoints-new-prime-minister-after-government-resigns/a-54035749">open</a> investigations against former Prime Minister Edouard Philippe for his handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. </li> </ul> July 2 <ul> <li>Florida <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/07/02/coronavirus-live-updates-us/">reports</a> over 10,000 new coronavirus cases, marking a new single-day record for the state.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-india/indias-coronavirus-cases-cross-600000-amid-easing-of-lockdowns-idUSKBN2430HB">announces</a> reopening measures despite surpassing 600,000 coronavirus cases and 17,834 deaths.</li> <li>Switzerland <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-swiss/swiss-restrict-entry-from-29-countries-to-prevent-coronavirus-spread-idUSKBN2432OJ">announces</a> self-isolation requirements for travelers from 29 countries including the United States, Brazil, and Russia.</li> <li>Tokyo <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-japan/tokyo-confirms-more-than-100-coronavirus-cases-on-thursday-nhk-says-idUST9N2DL00F">confirms</a> over one hundred new coronavirus cases, its highest single-day count since May.</li> </ul> July 1 <ul> <li>Burundi's newly elected president <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-burundi/in-break-with-predecessor-burundis-president-vows-to-tackle-coronavirus-idUSKBN2425Y2">shifts</a> from predecessor's stance on the coronavirus, promising steps to combat its spread.</li> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-06-01-20-intl/index.html">sees</a> 12,000 new coronavirus cases in a single day; Rio de Janeiro begins opening.</li> <li>Texas governor, Greg Abbott, <a href="https://www.texastribune.org/2020/07/02/texas-mask-order-greg-abbott-coronavirus/">mandates</a> face masks in public. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 23–June 30: Saudi Arabia Places Restrictions on the Hajj; Vaccine Trials in Africa Begin; India Reports Record Spike </h2> <ul> </ul> June 30 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/30/us-buys-up-world-stock-of-key-covid-19-drug">acquires</a> over 500,000 doses of remdesivir from Gilead, all of its production for the month of July and 90 percent of August and September.</li> </ul> June 29 <ul> <li>Global coronavirus death toll <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/500000-dead-coronavirus-live-updates-200628233313992.html">surpasses</a> 500,000.</li> <li>Kazakhstan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-kazakhstan/kazakhstan-heads-for-second-covid-19-lockdown-after-botched-reopening-idUSKBN2401K3">reimposes</a> lockdown measures after surge in cases linked to reopening measures.</li> </ul> June 28 <ul> <li>According to the Pan American Health Organization, cases in Latin America have <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-06-28-20-intl/index.html">tripled</a> in June, surpassing two million infections.</li> <li>The Czech Republic <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-czech/czech-republics-daily-number-of-new-coronavirus-highest-since-april-8-idUSL2N2E501T">reports</a> its highest single-day increase in new cases since April 8.</li> </ul> June 27 <ul> <li>Twelve U.S. states <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/27/health/us-coronavirus-saturday/index.html">slow</a> reopening measures as new cases increase across the country.</li> </ul> June 26 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53191287">sees</a> its highest daily increase in confirmed coronavirus cases.</li> <li>Over half of U.S. states <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/25/health/us-coronavirus-thursday/index.html">report</a> record numbers of new daily cases.</li> </ul> June 25 <ul> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/06/25/coronavirus-cases-10-times-larger/">estimates</a> that more than 20 million individuals may have had coronavirus in the United States thus far. </li> </ul> June 24 <ul> <li>Twenty-six U.S. states <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/03/16/816707182/map-tracking-the-spread-of-the-coronavirus-in-the-u-s">see a rise</a> in coronavirus cases since easing up on lockdown restrictions. </li> <li>New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/new-york-new-jersey-connecticut-quarantine-visitors-coronavirus-hot-spots-n1231977">require</a> visitors from "hot-spot" states to self-quarantine for 14 days. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/06/24/coronavirus-live-updates-us/">reports</a> its highest daily total of new coronavirus cases.</li> <li>India <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/covid-19-outbreak-india-sees-highest-single-day-spike-of-15968-new-cases/videoshow/76554115.cms">reports</a> over 15,000 new coronavirus infections, its highest single-day rise in cases.</li> </ul> June 23 <ul> <li>FDA <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/503980-fda-warns-against-9-hand-sanitizers-after-dangerous-chemical-discovered">warns</a> against the use of hand sanitizers containing methanol, a toxic substance. </li> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-saudi-haj/saudi-arabia-to-restrict-domestic-haj-pilgrims-amid-coronavirus-fears-idUSKBN23U1DI">restricts</a> Hajj pilgrims, the first time Muslim people will be barred this rite in modern times. </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/german-region-reimposes-coronavirus-restrictions/av-53917287">reimposes</a> a regional lockdown after cases linked to a meatpacking factory pass 1,500. </li> <li>The first COVID-19 vaccine trial in South Africa <a href="http://www.wits.ac.za/covid19vaccine/">begins</a>. This is the first vaccine trial on the continent. </li> <li>Coronavirus-related deaths in Latin America <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/06/23/world/americas/23reuters-health-coronavirus-latam-tally.html">pass</a> 100,000. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 15–June 22:  Beijing Reports a New Cluster of Cases; FDA Revokes Use of Hydroxychloroquine; Health-care Workers Resign </h2> June 22 <ul> <li>Citing pandemic concerns, President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-immigration-workers-coronavirus/2020/06/22/3b969e88-b489-11ea-9b0f-c797548c1154_story.html">issues</a> restrictions on immigration to the United States, suspending most H1-B, H2-B, and H-4 visas. </li> <li>More than 20 public health officials in the United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/amid-threats-and-political-pushback-public-health-officials-leaving-posts/2020/06/22/6075f7a2-b0cf-11ea-856d-5054296735e5_story.html">have resigned</a> or left their posts in recent weeks. </li> <li>In response to exponential rises in coronavirus cases, Liberia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-liberia/liberia-extends-covid-19-state-of-emergency-as-cases-rise-exponentially-idUSKBN23T2RU">extends</a> its state of emergency.</li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-southkorea/south-korea-says-it-is-battling-second-wave-of-coronavirus-idUSKBN23T10M">reports</a> a second wave of coronavirus infections around its capital city, related to a May holiday.</li> <li>Beijing outbreak <a href="https://finance.yahoo.com/news/beijing-latest-virus-outbreak-disrupts-133621911.html">disrupts</a> supply chain across meat, poultry, and other food industries.</li> </ul> June 21 <ul> <li>Italy's Civil Protection Department <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/international/europe/503807-italy-reports-lowest-covid-19-death-increase-since-early-march">sees</a> its lowest increase in daily cases since the start of the pandemic.</li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-53126112">lifts</a> state of emergency, allowing tourists from most EU countries.</li> <li>Potential strain on worldwide glass supply chain <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Health/strained-supply-chain-glass-vials-delay-coronavirus-vaccine/story?id=71349287">poses</a> delays to coronavirus vaccine development.</li> </ul> June 20 <ul> <li>WHO officials <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-european-strain-of-the-coronavirus-blamed-for-beijing-outbreak-2020-6">announce</a> that the cluster of cases in Beijing was traced to a European coronavirus strain, not a market-based cross-species infection.</li> <li>Florida and South Carolina <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/20/world/coronavirus-updates.html">report</a> sharp spikes in new cases, breaking single-day records for third day in a row.</li> </ul> June 19 <ul> <li>The Czech Republic <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-czech/czechs-record-biggest-daily-jump-in-coronavirus-cases-in-two-months-idUSKBN23Q18C">reports </a>its largest increase in daily cases since April.</li> </ul> June 18 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://time.com/5855555/india-coronavirus/">eases</a> lockdown measures despite rises in confirmed cases and deaths.</li> </ul> June 17 <ul> <li>Peru <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-peru/peru-overtakes-italy-in-total-cases-of-coronavirus-idUSKBN23O3SW">surpasses</a> 240,000 coronavirus cases, passing Italy's total number of cases.</li> <li>New York Governor Andrew Cuomo <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/06/17/879582054/cuomo-to-end-daily-covid-19-briefings-that-drew-national-attention">announces</a> final daily COVID-19 briefing for Friday.</li> </ul> June 16 <ul> <li>Nursing and care facilities are <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/coronavirus-deaths-in-u-s-nursing-long-term-care-facilities-top-50-000-11592306919">reported </a>to account for at least 40 percent of all coronavirus deaths in the United States. </li> <li>The UN's Latin America and Caribbean agency <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1066412">warns</a> of rising hunger in the region due to COVID-19's effect on food systems and the region's economies.</li> </ul> June 15 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-53046454">reports</a> an additional 36 confirmed coronavirus cases in Beijing for a total of 79 since its first confirmed case in 56 days was reported on June 11.</li> <li>Beijing <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china/beijing-imposes-curbs-as-coronavirus-returns-to-chinese-capital-idUSKBN23M0A8">imposes</a> lockdown measures in 21 neighborhoods as rampant testing procedures undergo in Beijing.</li> <li>Cases in new Beijing cluster have reportedly <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/15/asia/coronavirus-beijing-outbreak-intl-hnk/index.html">spread</a> to Liaoning and Hebei provinces in China.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/coronavirus-latest-news-06-15-2020-11592209998">surpasses</a> 115,000 coronavirus deaths as new cases increase across more than 12 states.</li> <li>The FDA <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/06/15/fda-revokes-hydroxychloroquine/">revokes</a> emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine.</li> <li>The Imperial College of London <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/coronavirus-news-uk-deaths-cases-track-trace-lockdown-update/">begins</a> a coronavirus vaccine trial. </li> <li>France <a href="https://www.schengenvisainfo.com/news/france-lifts-entry-ban-for-eu-schengen-citizens-restrictions-remain-in-place-for-uk-and-spain/">lifts </a>travel resections for European Union and Schengen citizens. Restrictions stay in place for Spain and the United Kingdom.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of June 7–June 14: The United States Sees a Rise in Cases; New Zealand and India Lift Lockdown Restrictions; China Publishes White Paper</h2> June 14 <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/coronavirus-news-uk-deaths-cases-track-trace-lockdown-update/">reports</a> 36 deaths, its lowest daily death toll since March. </li> </ul> June 12 <ul> <li lang="EN-US">India <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-06-12/india-exceeds-u-k-virus-cases-to-become-fourth-worst-hit-nation">overtakes</a> the United Kingdom to become the fourth worst-hit nation. </li> </ul> June 11 <ul> <li>As the United States exceeds two million confirmed coronavirus cases, new model <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/11/health/us-coronavirus-thursday/index.html">suggests</a> spikes in death toll in September and later months.</li> <li>U.S. farms and packing plants <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-usa-farmworkers/coronavirus-spreads-among-fruit-and-vegetable-packers-worrying-us-officials-idUSKBN23I1FO">report</a> an increase in cases among workers.</li> <li>Confirmed coronavirus cases in Russia <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/mexico-city-increase-coronavirus-tests-live-updates-200610231204866.html">pass</a> 500,000. </li> <li>Biotech company Moderna to <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/mexico-city-increase-coronavirus-tests-live-updates-200610231204866.html">begin</a> final stage of trial for coronavirus vaccine in July on 30,000 participants.</li> </ul> June 10  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">France <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-france-casualties/new-coronavirus-deaths-in-france-sharply-down-but-cases-rise-idUSKBN23H2X1">reports</a> decline in daily death toll, but a rise in confirmed cases. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Health authorities in Libya <a href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200610-coronavirus-cases-surge-in-libya-after-repatriations/">report</a> spikes in coronavirus cases, linked to repatriation efforts. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Germany <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-coronavirus-borders/germany-extends-corona-travel-warning-for-non-european-states-idUSKBN23H1D3">announces</a> extended travel warnings for non-European nations through August, travel ban for EU members to be lifted June 15. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The United States <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/health/us-coronavirus-wednesday/index.html">sees</a> rises in confirmed cases across 19 states, 24 states trend downward, and 7 remain the same.  </li> </ul> June 9  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">WHO says earlier statement calling asymptomatic transmission of coronavirus "very rare" and a misunderstanding. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Since Memorial Day in the United States, nine states have <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/06/09/coronavirus-hospitalizations-rising/">reported</a> increases in hospitalizations due to coronavirus. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Brazil <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-52980642">resumes</a> reporting data on country's cases after supreme court order. </li> </ul> June 8  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">New Zealand <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-52961539">lifts</a> all lockdown restrictions, declaring the country virus-free.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">India <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/india-reopens-state-outnumbers-china-coronavirus-cases-200608193805359.html">lifts</a> lockdown restrictions, despite fears of a surge. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Experts <a href="https://nypost.com/2020/06/08/hundreds-could-die-from-coronavirus-for-each-day-of-protests-experts/">warn that</a> up to 540 Americans can die each day as a result of the ongoing protests.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">New York City <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/new-york-city-emerges-coronavirus-lockdown-begins-phase-one-reopening-n1227396">begins</a> phase one reopening.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who/who-says-pandemic-far-from-over-as-daily-cases-hit-record-high-idUSKBN23F23E">says</a> pandemic "far from over" as daily cases hit record high </li> <li lang="EN-US">Lockdown measures are <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-06-08/lockdowns-may-have-helped-prevent-half-a-billion-covid-cases">estimated</a> to have prevented 500 million COVID-19 related deaths worldwide.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Tanzanian President Magufuli <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-52966016">declares</a> Tanzania free of coronavirus, amid concerns of underreporting from WHO. </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://apnews.com/045646190b3f3d92907596fb5d81e621">sees</a> rapid increase in coronavirus numbers, recording over 50,000 confirmed cases in past two weeks. </li> </ul> June 7  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="http://english.scio.gov.cn/whitepapers/2020-06/07/content_76135269.htm">publishes</a> a white paper, defending that it did not try to conceal the virus.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Brazil's health ministry <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-52952686">removes</a> coronavirus data from official website. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 30–June 6: Countries Begin to Reopen; Spain Extends Its State of Emergency; Trump Asks Congress For Economic Stimulus </h2> June 5  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-06-05/trump-says-he-ll-ask-congress-for-additional-economic-stimulus">announces</a> he will ask the U.S. Congress for extra economic stimulus.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Jordan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-jordan-mosques/jordan-reopens-mosques-for-socially-distanced-prayers-idUSKBN23C24M">reopens</a> mosques for service.  </li> </ul> June 3  <ul> <li> Spain <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-spain-tally/spain-extends-its-state-of-emergency-until-june-21-idUSKBN23A2HZ">extends</a> a state of emergency until June 21.   </li> </ul> June 2  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Italy <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200603-italy-reopens-to-tourists-from-europe-after-economically-crippling-lockdown">reopens</a> its borders to tourists. </li> <li lang="EN-US">France <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-france-restaurants/france-to-reopen-restaurants-bars-and-beaches-from-june-2-pm-idUSKBN2342TL">reopens</a> its beaches, cultural, and sporting centers. </li> </ul> June 1  <ul> <li> The Philippines <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/philippines-eases-lockdown-in-capital-manila/1860560">eases</a> lockdown measures.    </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 23–May 30: U.S. Deaths pass 100,000; House Democrats Vote Remotely;  France Pulls Hydroxychloroquine as COVID-19 Treatment</h2> May 29 <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The United States <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/05/29/trump-us-terminate-who-relationship/">announces</a> it is leaving WHO. </li> </ul> May 28  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">WHO Director <a href="http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/statements/statement-recovery-must-lead-to-a-different-economy,-an-economy-of-well-being">announces</a> COVID-19 pandemic is responsible for 159,000 excess deaths in 24 European countries since early March. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Latin America <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-28/latin-america-now-accounts-for-40-of-daily-coronavirus-deaths">now accounts</a> for 40 percent of COVID-19 deaths globally. </li> </ul> May 27  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The United Nations <a href="https://insight.wfp.org/covid-19-puts-14-million-people-at-risk-of-missing-meals-in-latin-america-and-the-caribbean-a54e42789153">reports</a> that the coronavirus puts 14 million people at risk of missing meals in Latin America and the Caribbean .</li> <li lang="EN-US">Coronavirus deaths in the United States pass 100,000. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The U.S. House of Representatives' Democratic members <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/05/27/863055639/house-moves-to-cast-its-1st-remote-votes-with-parties-still-divided-on-the-issue">vote</a> remotely for the first time.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">France <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/05/27/863197161/france-bars-use-of-hydroxychloroquine-in-covid-19-cases">revokes</a> approval of hydroxychloroquine as a potential treatment for the virus.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 15–May 22: China Flattens the Curve; President Trump Announces He Is Taking Hydroxycholorquine</h2> May 22  <ul> <li> China <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/05/china-reports-coronavirus-cases-time-200523052905563.html">reports</a> no new domestic cases.  </li> </ul> May 21 <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Iran <a href="https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-iran-health-yemen-middle-east-7aa57f4cd92ff70195bb58709a506518">says</a> that more than 10,000 of its health-care workers have tested positive. </li> </ul> May 19  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519100146/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/china-reports-six-new-coronavirus-cases">reports</a> 6 new coronavirus cases, including one in Wuhan. </li> <li lang="EN-US">The World Bank <a href="https://t.co/PCci76kf5j?amp=1">warns</a> that all progress made in poverty alleviation over the past three years could be erased as coronavirus threatens to push 60 million into extreme poverty  </li> </ul> May 18  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/18/us/politics/trump-hydroxychloroquine-covid-coronavirus.html">announces</a> he is taking hydroxychloroquine.</li> <li lang="EN-US">President Xi Jinping <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-18/china-s-virus-vaccine-will-be-global-public-good-xi-says">vows</a> to make Chinese vaccines a global public good.  </li> </ul> May 15 <ul> <li lang="EN-US">President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/05/15/trump-audacious-plan-vaccine-covid19/">unveils</a> Operation Warp Speed to develop and manufacture millions of COVID-19 vaccine doses by the end of 2020.</li> <li lang="EN-US">Brazil's second health minister of the pandemic <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil/brazils-health-minister-resigns-after-just-weeks-on-the-job-idUSKBN22R2FM">resigns</a> within a month of the first minister's resignation. </li> </ul> <h2>Week of May 7–May 14 : Three Children in New York City Die of a Mysterious Toxic-Shock Inflammation Syndrome; Hydroxychlorquine is Proven Ineffective; Global Cases Top 4 Million</h2> May 14 <ul> <li lang="EN-US">First coronavirus case is <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/14/first-coronavirus-case-rohingya-refugee-camps-bangladesh">confirmed</a> in a Rohingya refugee camp. </li> </ul> May 13 <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Lesotho <a href="https://t.co/LD9AZf2BxS?amp=1">confirms</a> its first case of coronavirus.</li> </ul> May 11  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Hydroxychloroquine <a href="https://www.news-medical.net/news/20200511/Hydroxychloroquine-is-not-effective-against-COVID-19-extensive-US-study-shows.aspx">is proven</a> ineffective as a treatment against COVID-19.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Two White House staff members <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/10/us/politics/white-house-coronavirus-trump.html">test positive</a> for the virus. </li> <li lang="EN-US">France <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/28/covid-19-clusters-emerge-as-lockdowns-ease-across-europe">begins</a> easing lockdown restrictions.  </li> </ul> May 10  <ul> <li> The global total of cases reaches 4 million.   </li> </ul> May 9  <ul> <li> Three children in New York <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/09/nyregion/coronavirus-new-york-update.html">die</a> of a mysterious toxic-shock inflammation syndrome linked to the coronavirus. Another 73 are infected.   </li> </ul> May 7  <ul> <li> Carlos Ernesto Escobar <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiEy5C4nfPpAhWamXIEHUcPAeAQFjAAegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2020%2Fmay%2F12%2Ffirst-ice-detainee-dies-coronavirus-immigration-carlos-ernesto-escobar-mejia&usg=AOvVaw2gV4aprWYrwUZ422D3d51b">becomes</a> the first person to die from the coronavirus while in U.S. immigration custody.   </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 29–May 6: Two Percent of Moscow's Population Tests Positive For Coronavirus; Trump Administration Phases Out Task Force; Global Cases Top 3.5 Million</h2> May 5  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Trump administration <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/05/us/politics/coronavirus-task-force-trump.html">considers</a> phasing out coronavirus task force. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Thailand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-thailand/thailand-reports-one-new-coronavirus-case-no-new-deaths-idUSKBN22H0G2">reports</a> one new coronavirus case and no new deaths, marking a downward trend of transmission.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Number of cases globally surpasses 3.5 million.  </li> </ul> May 3  <ul> <li> In the United States, Virginia <a href="https://shoredailynews.com/headlines/northampton-reports-first-covid-19-death/">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. Total deaths in the United States are 65,464.  </li> </ul> May 2  <ul> <li> Moscow’s Mayor <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/russia-moscow-sobyanin-coronavirus-1501582">announced</a> that 2 percent of the city’s population has tested positive for the coronavirus.   </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 21–April 28: President Trump Suspends Immigration; China Pledges $30 Million to the WHO; Italy and Spain Ease Lockdown Restrictions</h2> April 28  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The United States <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/coronavirus-latest-news-04-28-2020-11588063873">records</a> over one million coronavirus cases. </li> <li lang="EN-US">A new study <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/28/coronavirus-cancer-deathrates/">reports</a> that cancer patients are nearly three times more likely to die of COVID-19 than non-cancer patients. </li> </ul> April 27  <ul> <li> Famotidine, a common over-the-counter heartburn medication, <a href="https://www.drugtopics.com/latest/famotidine-trial-underway-nyc-covid-19-treatment">begins</a> testing trials in New York City as a possible coronavirus treatment.   </li> </ul> April 26  <ul> <li> Italy and Spain <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/26/italy-spain-coronavirus-lockdown-208260">unveil</a> plans to ease up on lockdown restrictions beginning on May 4.   </li> </ul> April 25  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">WHO <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/25/844939777/no-evidence-that-recovered-covid-19-patients-are-immune-who-says">reports</a> that there is still no evidence that recovered patients are immune from the coronavirus. </li> <li lang="EN-US">Over a quarter of the world’s coronavirus deaths <a href="https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html">are in</a> the United States.  </li> </ul> April 24  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">The number of coronavirus cases in Ecuador more than <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-ecuador/ecuador-coronavirus-cases-top-22000-after-release-of-delayed-tests-idUSKCN2262PG">double</a> after delayed testing results were released.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">The United States’ coronavirus death toll <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/24/844039508/u-s-coronavirus-death-toll-passes-50-000">passes</a> 50,000.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">The Federal Drug Administration <a href="https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-cautions-against-use-hydroxychloroquine-or-chloroquine-covid-19-outside-hospital-setting-or">warns</a> against the use of hydroxychloroquine, an anti-malarial drug touted by President Donald Trump as a coronavirus treatment.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Pakistan <a href="https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/pakistan-extends-lock-down-for-15-days-until-may-9-1.1587738995318">extends</a> its lockdown until May 9.  </li> </ul> April 23  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">China <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/china-pledges-additional-30-million-funding-for-world-health-organization/2020/04/23/24f9b680-8539-11ea-81a3-9690c9881111_story.html">pledges</a> an additional $30 million in funding to the WHO.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">The White House <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-33/">announces</a> it has enough test kits for a phase one reopening.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">South Africa <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-safrica/south-africa-to-begin-phased-easing-of-lockdown-on-may-1-idUSKCN2253EZ">announces</a> it will begin phase one on reopening on May 1.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Indonesia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-indonesia-travel/indonesia-to-ban-all-domestic-air-sea-travel-to-early-june-officials-idUSKCN2251WZ">announces</a> it will ban domestic air and sea travel until early June. This coincides with the holy month of Ramadan.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">President Donald Trump erroneously <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/04/24/disinfectant-injection-coronavirus-trump/">recommends</a> ingesting disinfectants to fight coronavirus. Lysol and other companies <a href="https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/494454-lysol-maker-issues-warning-against-injections-of-disinfectant">warn against</a> this practice.  </li> </ul> April 22  <ul> <li lang="EN-US">Hydroxychloroquine is <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.10.20060699v1.full.pdf">deemed</a> ineffective as a treatment against the coronavirus.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Germany <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/04/22/world/europe/22reuters-health-coronavirus-vaccine-biontech.html">approves</a> first trials for a coronavirus vaccine.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">The Netherlands <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-netherlands/dutch-extend-ban-on-major-public-events-until-sept-1-idUSS8N2AW01F">extends</a> ban on major public gatherings until September 1.  </li> </ul> April 21   <ul> <li>Congressional leaders and the White House <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/schumer-says-he-believes-congress-has-a-deal-on-small-business-aid-11587473436">strike</a> a deal to deliver $480 million in relief funds to small businesses and hospitals. </li> <li>President Donald Trump effectively <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/watch-live-trump-white-house-coronavirus-task-force-hold-news-briefing-april-21-2020">suspends</a> immigration to the United States. Green card recipients will be blocked from moving to the country but temporary workers on nonimmigrant visas will be allowed in.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 13–April 20: China Reports First Economic Contraction in a Decade; Austria Becomes One of the First European Countries to Reopen; President Trump Suspends Immigration</h2> April 20  <ul> <li>Israel’s coronavirus rate of recovery <a href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-israel-coronavirus-in-first-more-recoveries-than-new-cases-1.8783155">begins</a> to outpace its death rate. </li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-netanyahu-announced-easing-coronavirus-restrictions-here-s-what-you-need-to-know-1.8780064">begins</a> to ease up on lockdown restrictions, including allowing the opening up of small stores, resuming small group prayer, and introducing fines for not wearing a mask in public.  </li> <li>Iran <a href="https://time.com/5824109/iran-opens-economy-coronavirus/">begins</a> to reopen its economy starting with major shopping centers in Tehran. </li> <li>President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/04/20/coronavirus-latest-news/">announces</a> he will temporarily suspend immigration to the United States for 60 days by executive order.  </li> <li>U.S. hospitals, including the esteemed Mayo Clinic and Cleveland Clinic, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/hospitals-tiptoe-toward-restarting-non-emergency-surgery-and-procedures/2020/04/20/d810231a-8324-11ea-a3eb-e9fc93160703_story.html">announce</a> they will reopen for elective surgeries and other non-emergency procedures. </li> </ul> April 19  <ul> <li>U.S. Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/18/pentagon-extends-troops-travel-ban-193602">extends</a> the Department of Defense travel ban until June 30 amid coronavirus concerns. The original ban was set to expire on May 12. </li> <li>Orthodox churches in Georgia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-georgia-easter/hundreds-of-parishioners-attend-orthodox-easter-vigil-in-georgia-idUSKBN2200Y3">host</a> Easter masses for hundreds of parishioners despite the country declaring a state of emergency.  </li> <li>Chile <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-16/chile-to-start-controversial-coronavirus-immunity-card-system">becomes</a> the first country to issue "immunity cards" to people who have fully recovered from the coronavirus.</li> </ul> April 18  <ul> <li> American conservatives <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/18/us/texas-protests-stay-at-home.html">protest</a> the country’s lockdown measures.   </li> </ul> April 17  <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/17/china-economy-shrinks-record-wuhan-covid-19-death-toll-rises-50-percent">reports</a> its first economic contraction in a decade. It’s GDP shrank 6.8 percent during the first three months of 2020.  </li> <li>Texas Governor, Greg Abbott, <a href="https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-issues-executive-order-establishing-strike-force-to-open-texas">makes</a> an executive decision to begin reopening Texas beginning in May. This decision makes Texas one of the first states to loosen restrictions. </li> <li>Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari's chief of staff, Abba Kyari, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-nigeria/nigerian-presidents-chief-of-staff-dies-from-coronavirus-presidency-spokesman-idUSKBN220001">dies</a> after contracting coronavirus.  </li> <li>U.S. Vice President Mike Pence <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/17/trump-administration-coronavirus-testing-193322">declares</a> that the country has enough tests for a phase one reopening.  </li> </ul> April 16  <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/04/16/national/state-of-emergency-expansion/#.XphHTS_MxQI">declares</a> a nation-wide state of emergency. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe approves a budget to include a ¥100,000 handout to all citizens regardless of income. </li> <li lang="EN-US">An additional 5.2 million Americans <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/04/16/unemployment-claims-coronavirus/">file</a> for unemployment over the past week, bringing the total number to 22 million Americans filing since President Donald Trump declared a state of emergency four weeks ago. This job loss is comparable to Great Depression statistics.  </li> <li>President Trump <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-beginning-next-phase-fight-coronavirus-guidelines-opening-america/">unveils</a> a set of guidelines for opening up America giving liberty to state governors to choose whether they want lift restrictions statewide or on a county-by-county basis. </li> </ul> April 15  <ul> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/04/15/coronavirus-latest-news/">announces</a> plans to reopen the economy starting April 20. It also announces plans to resume in-person schooling on May 3. </li> <li>President Trump <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/14/us/coronavirus-updates.html">delays</a> funding to WHO. </li> </ul> April 14   <ul> <li>The International Monetary Fund <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/14/us/politics/coronavirus-economy-recession-depression.html?action=click&module=RelatedLinks&pgtype=Article">warns</a> that the world is facing its worst economic downturn as coronavirus lockdowns continue to wreck havoc on the global economy. </li> <li>Austria <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-austria/austria-reopening-thousands-of-shops-in-first-loosening-of-lockdown-idUSKCN21V25G">reopens</a> thousands of small shops, becoming one of the first European countries to loosen lockdown measures in response to the coronavirus.  </li> <li>New York City’s coronavirus death toll <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/14/nyregion/new-york-coronavirus-deaths.html">passes</a> 10,000—a figure larger than any European country’s.  </li> <li>President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/coming-to-your-1200-relief-check-donald-j-trumps-name/2020/04/14/071016c2-7e82-11ea-8013-1b6da0e4a2b7_story.html">delays</a> thousands of stimulus checks in an unprecedented move to mandate that his name appear on the check.  </li> <li>Wyoming <a href="https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/492577-wyoming-reports-first-death-from-coronavirus">confirms</a> its first coronavirus death, bringing the total to all 50 states having reported coronavirus fatalities.</li> <li>Hydroxychloroquine is <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.10.20060699v1.full.pdf">deemed</a> ineffective as a treatment against the coronavirus.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of April 5–April 12: Wet Markets Reopen in Wuhan; The United States Has the Most Coronavirus Deaths in the World; Boris Johnson Discharged from Intensive Care</h2> April 12   <ul> <li> Wet markets <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china-wuhan-market/wet-markets-in-chinas-wuhan-struggle-to-survive-coronavirus-blow-idUSKCN21U03S">reopen</a> in Wuhan, China.   </li> </ul> April 11  <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/04/11/coronavirus-latest-news/">surpasses</a> Italy for having the most confirmed coronavirus deaths in the world. </li> <li>The U.S. Internal Revenue Services <a href="https://twitter.com/IRSnews/status/1249062356077944832?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1249062356077944832&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-pandemic-04-11-20%2Findex.html">deposits</a> its first round of stimulus checks to Americans.  </li> <li>Over 550 crew members aboard the USS Theodore Roosevelt <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/military/navy-sailor-assigned-uss-theodore-roosevelt-dies-after-contracting-coronavirus-n1182571">test positive</a> for coronavirus. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-11/south-korea-plans-tracking-wristbands-us-virus-deaths-rise">introduces</a> a tracking bracelet to monitor citizens’ adhesion to quarantine rules.  </li> <li>Yemen <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/yemen-confirms-coronavirus-case-braces-outbreak-200410071556509.html">reports</a> its first coronavirus case.  </li> </ul> April 10  <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-spain/spain-sees-slowing-coronavirus-toll-holds-virtual-easter-parades-idUSKCN21S0ZJ">sees</a> a flattening of the curve. A slowdown in the rate of infections and deaths means the government is considering lifting some of the heavy lockdown restrictions.</li> <li>New York City <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52239261">reports</a> more coronavirus cases than any country.  </li> <li>World coronavirus deaths <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/10/world/coronavirus-world-news-updates.html">surpass</a> 100,000. </li> </ul> April 9  <ul> <li>6.6 million Americans <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/04/09/66-million-americans-filed-unemployed-last-week-bringing-pandemic-total-over-17-million/">file</a> for unemployment claims over the past week, bringing the total number of unemployment claims filed in the past three weeks to over 17 million. </li> <li>UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson is <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/09/world/europe/coronavirus-boris-johnson-britain.html">discharged</a> from intensive care. </li> </ul> April 8  <ul> <li>Global coronavirus cases <a href="https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html">surpass</a> 1.5 million. </li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/politics/ban-on-social-gatherings-of-any-size-in-homes-or-public-areas">bans</a> all public and private social gatherings.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/07/world/asia/wuhan-coronavirus.html">lifts</a> its lockdown on Wuhan. </li> </ul> April 7  <ul> <li>UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson is <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-52192604">moved to</a> an intensive care unit.  </li> <li>Egypt <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/04/07/world/middleeast/07reuters-health-coronavirus-egypt-ramadan.html">announces</a> it will keep mosques closed during Ramadan.  </li> <li>Paris <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52202700">announces</a> it will ban daytime outdoor exercising.  </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/07/world/asia/japan-coronavirus-emergency.html">declares</a> a state of emergency.  </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/07/828827326/china-reports-its-first-day-with-no-new-covid-19-deaths">reports</a> no new coronavirus deaths for the first time since January.  </li> </ul> April 6  <ul> <li>The U.S. death toll <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/04/06/coronavirus-latest-news/">passes</a> 10,000. </li> <li>Chile <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-04/08/c_138956755.htm">mandates</a> that everyone use a face mask on public and paid private transportation.  </li> <li>The Open Golf Championship <a href="https://www.theopen.com/latest/2020/04/theopencancellation2020">is cancelled</a> for the first time since World War Two.  </li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.nydailynews.com/coronavirus/ny-coronavirus-20200406-hipxt7cnabf5ldlyqbn4aa7jge-story.html">passes</a> 60,000 coronavirus cases, the highest in the Middle East.  </li> <li>A third passenger on the Coral Princess cruise ship <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/travel/2020/04/06/passengers-started-leaving-coral-princess-then-cdc-changed-its-stance-coronavirus-stricken-cruises/">has died</a>.  </li> </ul> April 5  <ul> <li>Haiti <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/04/05/world/americas/05reuters-health-coronavirus-haiti.html">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china/china-sees-rises-in-new-coronavirus-cases-asymptomatic-patients-idUSKBN21O01M">sees</a> an increase in asymptomatic coronavirus cases.  </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://nypost.com/2020/04/05/us-reports-highest-single-day-coronavirus-death-toll-since-outbreak/">reports</a> 1,300 coronavirus deaths in one day, its highest daily spike.  </li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjwhNzy4dPoAhVll3IEHfGmAGAQFjACegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2020-04-05%2Fspain-daily-coronavirus-deaths-fall-for-third-day-to-674&usg=AOvVaw0xt3NA3QBBMEQIqF2fs_IM">reports</a> a decrease in the number of new coronavirus cases for its third consecutive day.  </li> <li>The CDC <a href="https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2020/4/5/21208630/coronavirus-cdc-blood-test-immunity-serological-cellex">begins</a> testing blood for coronavirus immunity. </li> <li>Former Libyan Prime Minister Mahmoud Jibril <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/libya-prime-minister-mahmoud-jibril-dies-coronavirus-200405162834328.html">dies</a> from coronavirus </li> <li>A tiger at the Bronx Zoo in New York <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/04/tiger-coronavirus-covid19-positive-test-bronx-zoo/">tests positive</a> for coronavirus.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 30–April 4: Worldwide Coronavirus Cases Exceed One Million; Over 10 Million Americans File for Unemployment; Wimbledon Tennis Tournament Canceled for the First Time Since World War Two </h2> April 4  <ul> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/coronavirus-turkey-erdogan-youth-under-curfew-restrictions-curb-pandemic">requires</a> all residents to wear face mass in public. </li> <li>Dubai <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-emirates/dubai-imposes-two-week-lockdown-as-gulf-states-step-up-coronavirus-fight-idUSKBN21M0QO">imposes </a>a two-week lockdown. </li> <li>Without scientific evidence, President Trump <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/05/us/politics/trump-hydroxychloroquine-coronavirus.html">endorses</a> malaria drug, hydroxychloroquine, as an effective coronavirus treatment. </li> </ul> April 3  <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3078385/coronavirus-china-advises-foreign-diplomats-stay-away-beijing">advises</a> foreign diplomats to stay out of Beijing until May 15.  </li> <li>Libya <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/libya-confirms-first-death-from-covid-19/1790439">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>U.S. President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-usa-memo/trump-invokes-defense-production-act-to-stop-export-of-masks-idUSKBN21M00E">invokes</a> the Defense Productions Act to halt the export of masks and other personal protection equipment. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/04/03/coronavirus-latest-news/">confirms </a>32,000 new cases in one day, setting a new record for the largest jump in daily cases. </li> </ul> April 2  <ul> <li>Global coronavirus cases <a href="https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html">pass</a> the one million mark; deaths exceed 50,000.</li> <li>Almost 91 percent of Americans are <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/trafficandcommuting/most-of-us-are-under-stay-at-home-orders-so-why-are-6-out-of-10-still-on-the-road/2020/04/04/162adcc6-7434-11ea-87da-77a8136c1a6d_story.html">ordered</a> to stay at home.</li> <li>The White House <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/02/coronavirus-facemasks-policyreversal/">encourages</a> all Americans to wear masks in public.  </li> <li>6.6 million <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/business/economy/record-6-6-million-americans-filed-unemployment-last-week-n1174776">Americans file</a><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/another-3-1-million-americans-likely-sought-unemployment-benefits-last-week-11585819800"> </a>for unemployment over the course of the last week, bringing the total number of unemployment claims to over 10 million.  </li> <li>Peru and Panama <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-peru/gender-divide-peru-panama-limit-men-and-women-to-alternate-days-out-to-stall-virus-idUSKBN21K39N">implement </a>gender-based quarantines to help curb the spread of coronavirus. </li> <li>Thailand <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-thailand-curfew/thailand-to-announce-nationwide-curfew-starting-friday-idUSL4N2BQ21F">announces</a> a nationwide curfew.</li> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-saudi/mecca-medina-get-24-hour-curfew-gulf-migrant-worker-districts-locked-down-idUSKBN21K1TV">imposes</a> a 24-hour curfew on Mecca and Medina. </li> </ul> April 1    <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52117883">passes</a> 100,000 coronavirus cases. </li> <li>Wimbledon Tennis Tournament is <a href="https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/28981311/wimbledon-cancelled-due-coronavirus-pandemic">canceled</a> for the first time since World War Two.  </li> <li>The United Nations <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2020/04/01/un-climate-coronavirus-cop26/">postpones</a> its climate conference, originally scheduled to take place in November. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-italy-lockdown/italys-coronavirus-lockdown-measures-to-be-extended-to-april-13-minister-idUSKBN21J4RU">announces</a> it will extend its lockdown until April 13. </li> <li>Unemployment numbers in Austria <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/austria-economy-unemployment/austrian-joblessness-hits-record-despite-government-bid-to-avoid-layoffs-idUSL8N2BP5LP">reach</a> their highest figure since World War Two. </li> <li>The World Bank <a href="https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33477">estimates</a> the coronavirus pandemic could push 11 million people into poverty. </li> </ul> March 31  <ul> <li>Belarus <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/03/31/world/europe/31reuters-health-coronavirus-belarus-death.html">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>El Salvador <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/el-salvador-announces-first-covid-19-death/1787257">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/covid-19-china-reports-48-new-confirmed-coronavirus-cases-12591994">reports</a> 48 new cases of the virus, all of which are imported. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjAtKy129PoAhUlZjUKHaGfDSQQFjACegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F31%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fcoronavirus-death-toll-united-states.html&usg=AOvVaw0q0_G3PgJLpYqqa-Fx8BEn">unveils</a> a model which project that 100,000 Americans could die from the coronavirus. </li> </ul> March 30  <ul> <li>President Trump <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiEufWF4dPoAhWblHIEHdbcDzAQxfQBMAB6BAgKEAM&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2020%2F04%2F03%2Fcoronavirus-testing-which-states-are-doing-the-most-covid-19-screening.html&usg=AOvVaw1BdAyjjBKjZuZdctIU2JR5">announces</a> more than one million Americans have been tested for coronavirus.  </li> <li lang="EN-US">Mexico <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-mexico/mexico-declares-health-emergency-as-coronavirus-death-toll-rises-idUSKBN21I05K">declares</a> a health emergency in response to its growing coronavirus death toll.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 22–March 29: Nearly One-Third of the World's Population Is Living Under Coronavirus-Related Restrictions; Japan Postpones 2020 Summer Olympics; WHO Warns There Is a "Significant Shortage" of Medical Supplies</h2> March 29  <ul> <li>Bolivia <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/mar/29/coronavirus-live-news-trump-proposes-quarantine-of-new-york-and-other-hotspots">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>Uruguay <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/mar/29/coronavirus-live-news-trump-proposes-quarantine-of-new-york-and-other-hotspots">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>Syria <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiZmt3mk8LoAhW7l3IEHSd_ADMQFjAJegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F29%2Fworld%2Fcoronavirus-live-news-updates.html&usg=AOvVaw2sTA-cleP4ugbfpFJ4CpGi">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Nigeria <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-nigeria-buhari/nigeria-orders-14-day-cessation-of-movement-in-lagos-abuja-to-fight-coronavirus-idUSKBN21G0UA">orders</a> the cessation of movement in Lagos and Abuja. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/29/world/coronavirus-live-news-updates.html">passes</a> 140,000 coronavirus cases—more than any other country in the world. </li> <li>The Netherlands <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjludG3lMLoAhVDmHIEHc5cBk4QFjADegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-netherlands-tally%2Fdutch-coronavirus-cases-pass-10000-health-authorities-idUSKBN21G0J3%3FfeedType%3DRSS%26feedName%3DworldNews&usg=AOvVaw1aEa800Qp9oNSSirzLGHe-">passes</a> 10,000 coronavirus cases. </li> <li>Hubei province <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-03/29/c_138928281.htm">reopens</a> domestic flights. </li> <li>President Trump <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj6mbvj4tPoAhXMlnIEHZivCuoQFjAAegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F29%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-coronavirus-guidelines.html&usg=AOvVaw2058i6Jli2AvitRkfdnTO_">extends</a> social distancing guidelines until April 30.  </li> </ul> March 28  <ul> <li>Sri Lanka <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-srilanka/sri-lanka-records-first-death-due-to-coronavirus-health-ministry-idUSL4N2BL0B7">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiptP3bmcLoAhUBmnIEHcJABekQFjADegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2020%2Fmar%2F29%2Fnew-zealand-first-coronavirus-death-is-woman-in-70s&usg=AOvVaw38OeSov6YGYuQNp-sLfDtx">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Global deaths <a href="https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6">surpass</a> 30,000. </li> </ul> March 27  <ul> <li>UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwitm_-PybroAhXqhHIEHfCKC6IQ0PADMAF6BAgJEAo&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-52060791&usg=AOvVaw0ubr89f5sMRLvTALEk2Xqu">tests positive</a> for coronavirus.  </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3077355/coronavirus-beijings-ban-foreign-travellers-comes-force-months">bans</a> foreign visitors after imported cases rise. </li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/south-africa-enters-lockdown-as-known-covid-19-cases-surpass-1000/2020/03/27/d6092194-6f7d-11ea-a156-0048b62cdb51_story.html">imposes</a> a three-week lockdown.  </li> <li>South Africa <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwipk5Ca37roAhXSknIEHW1yC_8QFjAEegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fcoronavirus-live-updates%2F2020%2F03%2F27%2F822363982%2Fsouth-africa-reports-first-covid-19-deaths-goes-into-3-week-lockdown&usg=AOvVaw0WwG03fPbALj0q_TvZRrUT">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>Montana <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiX-IrXnMLoAhWelXIEHQw2DH8QFjADegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bozemandailychronicle.com%2Fcoronavirus%2Ffirst-coronavirus-death-reported-in-montana%2Farticle_170eb60b-e8de-58c2-9523-2f7916451e28.html&usg=AOvVaw2BwGPFovCTpHEn-jz_UkYU">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> </ul> March 26  <ul> <li>Nearly one-third of the world’s population <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w172wpksnxdfvk5">is living</a> under coronavirus-related restrictions. </li> <li>United States death toll <a href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/coronavirus-death-toll-in-the-us-reaches-1000">reaches</a> 1,000.  </li> <li>More than <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/world/coronavirus-news.html?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world">3.2 million</a> Americans filed unemployment claims last week—the highest number to date.  </li> <li>The Senate unanimously <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/world/coronavirus-news.html?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world?action=click&pgtype=Article&state=default&module=styln-coronavirus-world&region=MID_MAIN_CONTENT&context=storyline_updates_world#link-6d551722">passes</a> a $2 trillion stimulus plan. </li> <li>New York City <a href="https://www.vox.com/coronavirus-covid19/2020/3/27/21195162/new-york-coronavirus-news-andrew-cuomo-hospitals-population-ventilators">becomes</a> the epicenter of the U.S. outbreak. Reported coronavirus cases double every three days. </li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-singapore-cases/singapore-reports-73-new-coronavirus-cases-in-biggest-daily-jump-idUSKBN21C27T">records</a> 73 new cases of the virus—their largest single-day increase to date. </li> <li>Iraq and Lebanon <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/iraq-lebanon-extend-government-restrictions-to-combat-virus/2020/03/26/1f6e34c8-6f65-11ea-a156-0048b62cdb51_story.html">extend</a> their curfews until April 11.  </li> <li>Moscow <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiJqPvvprjoAhX1mXIEHWgkAoEQFjAFegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rt.com%2Frussia%2F484133-moscow-shops-restaurants-coronavirus%2F&usg=AOvVaw1UVoGQgy50MtvF1fxJHHan">announces</a> it will be closing all nonessential businesses until April 5, effective March 28.</li> <li>Panama <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjK6_LhyrroAhV6lnIEHdt-As8QxfQBMAB6BAgEEAM&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F25%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F25reuters-health-coronavirus-panama-aviation.html&usg=AOvVaw1yEv_HIGn66bj2GIPuk5QX">suspends</a> all domestic flights. </li> <li>Venezuela <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-venezuela-death/venezuela-confirms-first-coronavirus-death-official-idUSKBN21D3Q3">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjN_p-U2rroAhXDhXIEHXMnBsgQFjACegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fhealth-coronavirus-spain-emergency%2Fspain-extends-state-of-emergency-until-april-12-as-coronavirus-crisis-worsens-idUSL8N2BI9OF&usg=AOvVaw3HTCf14s3uWpqi14t4fky1">extends</a> state of emergency until April 12. </li> <li>Thailand <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwih7cqI57roAhXBhXIEHfpEChYQFjAEegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Fse-asia%2Fthailand-declares-state-of-emergency-to-curb-spread&usg=AOvVaw1ocDnn_vNfb_yMznqubCc7">declares</a> a state of emergency.  </li> <li>Armenia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwij0v-b9rroAhWvg3IEHdlqDqYQFjADegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fhealth-coronavirus-armenia%2Fcorrected-armenia-reports-first-death-related-to-coronavirus-idUSR4N2B506B&usg=AOvVaw3m32rXmvP6gFOj8bb1LS2t">reports</a> first coronavirus death. </li> </ul> March 25  <ul> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2020-03-25/spain-now-has-second-highest-coronavirus-death-toll-overtaking-china">supplants</a> China as the country with the second-greatest number of recorded COVID-19 deaths. </li> <li>The United Kingdom's Prince Charles <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/25/europe/prince-charles-coronavirus-gbr-intl/index.html">tests positive</a> for coronavirus.  </li> <li>North Carolina reports its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Nearly one-third of the world’s population is <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiE6d2Z47roAhXAl3IEHep7AQgQFjAJegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-24-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_baa02836c2ac602e0cfe2e3a0ea54617&usg=AOvVaw1_EhC5emvy-e-l37KKIDaO">affected</a> by coronavirus lockdowns.  </li> <li>The United Nations <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiBl-3O5rroAhUQmHIEHYUjD1UQFjACegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Fpress-releases%2Fglobal-approach-only-way-fight-covid-19-un-says-it-launches-humanitarian-response&usg=AOvVaw2Xy9ildT5JZYXJnuJzMVzt">launches</a> a $2 billion humanitarian response plan.  </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjXyKav5LroAhV6mXIEHbhJAbwQFjAAegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-25-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_1be2754fd614e4507aa9cf13acc7175b&usg=AOvVaw0OaYbiyYx5QbMPxHqmbN1m">warns</a> that there is a “significant shortage” of medical supplies.  </li> </ul> March 24  <ul> <li>U.S. National Guard is <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/navy-reports-first-cases-of-coronavirus-aboard-a-ship-at-sea-11585089022">activated</a> in all 50 states. </li> <li>Navy r<a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/navy-reports-first-cases-of-coronavirus-aboard-a-ship-at-sea-11585089022">eports</a> first cases of coronavirus aboard a ship at sea. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/sports/olympics/coronavirus-summer-olympics-postponed.html">postpones</a> 2020 summer Olympics for the first time since World War Two. </li> <li>German Chancellor Angela Merkel <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjrjNOn4LroAhVslHIEHbM5C4IQ0PADMAF6BAgCEAk&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F03%2F23%2Fangela-merkels-first-coronavirus-test-result-is-negative-144257&usg=AOvVaw2Sws6vHaDx8Tsd3RQVeaWS">tests</a> negative for coronavirus. </li> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiYm6OA4broAhWRj3IEHV2tABkQFjAAegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fav%2Fworld-52001578%2Fcoronavirus-new-zealand-announces-lockdown&usg=AOvVaw0iMSi6cy8zOM1FHvHPDdw0">enters</a> lockdown. </li> <li>Australia <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-25-20-intl-hnk/h_dc023fecdd882a39a63631999104a8f3">bans all</a> overseas travel. </li> <li>United States <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-ZDp4rroAhVrmXIEHdm7AhUQFjAKegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2020%2F03%2F24%2Fglobal-coronavirus-cases-cross-400000-doubling-in-a-week-as-pandemic-accelerates.html&usg=AOvVaw0zTwZhTzzoS9D4Z507uemE">reaches</a> 50,000 coronavirus cases. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.foxnews.com/world/china-end-lockdown-coronavirus-hubei-wuhan">lifts lockdown</a> on Hubei province.  </li> </ul> March 23  <ul> <li>Cuba <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjgyL7P3broAhUUmHIEHdMCDrkQFjAAegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-24-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_7b694d17a78f2c02d7c76570e1726508&usg=AOvVaw1fgQ99aOiS_3MczfAhiBxd">announces</a> lockdown and will restrict movement of its citizens. </li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/live/2020/mar/23/uk-coronavirus-live-news-latest-boris-johnson-minister-condemns-people-ignoring-two-metre-distance-rule-in-parks-as-very-selfish">announces</a> lockdown.  </li> <li>Zimbabwe <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiyxqbO4LroAhWRj3IEHV2tABkQFjAKegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F23%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2F23reuters-health-coronavirus-zimbabwe.html&usg=AOvVaw0gGbSDu62p3Trozi9EOjZS">records</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Zimbabwe <a href="https://citizen.co.za/news/news-africa/2259427/zimbabwe-shuts-borders-after-first-coronavirus-death/">closes</a> its borders to noncitizens and nonresidents. </li> <li>Nigeria <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjCp-nt3rroAhWvj3IEHVP8CQoQFjADegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fhealth-coronavirus-nigeria-borders%2Fnigeria-closes-land-borders-to-fight-coronavirus-spread-idUSL8N2BG8SY&usg=AOvVaw0cMZwywyBDbB3-24YOdEfB">closes</a> its land borders to noncitizens and nonresidents for four weeks.  </li> <li>New Hampshire <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwih9aq_37roAhVsknIEHcrzCRQQFjADegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.concordmonitor.com%2FCOVID-19-press-conference-Gov-Chris-Sununu-New-Hampshire-33490982&usg=AOvVaw2ddeKiPaxr-5ylEfySS1Dl">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjY2vzi37roAhWkl3IEHZtFCmEQFjAGegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fcoronavirus-live-updates%2F2020%2F03%2F23%2F820290984%2Fcoronavirus-who-head-says-nations-must-attack-as-pandemic-is-accelerating&usg=AOvVaw0m0eC7X3ygUYLWGL96Rx8u">announces</a> the “pandemic is accelerating.”  </li> </ul> March 22  <ul> <li>Global coronavirus cases <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/global-coronavirus-infection-cases-double-in-a-week-to-pass-300-000-11584873207">double</a> from last week, reaching almost 330,000 cases.  </li> <li>India <a href="https://in.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/covid-19-information/">suspends</a> all international flights arriving and departing from India for at least one week. </li> <li>Panama <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjK6_LhyrroAhV6lnIEHdt-As8QFjAEegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F19reuters-health-coronavirus-panama.html&usg=AOvVaw01wW7kckYi_C1CNfuqe9Zc">suspends</a> all international flights until at least April 31. </li> <li>Hawaii <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/hawaii-quarantine-arrivals-state-14-days-69732399">announces</a> a mandatory 14-day quarantine for everyone entering—including residents. </li> <li>The United Arab Emirates <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj2_JCS2broAhWJlHIEHaXDBzEQFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fuae-suspends-all-passenger-and-transit-flights-for-two-weeks&usg=AOvVaw1JD10Pl2oaRZvehEpBtVuV">suspends</a> all inbound and outbound passenger flights for two weeks.</li> <li>The Czech Republic <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiOl8_C2broAhUEhHIEHdeiBb0QFjAAegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fhealth-coronavirus-czech-death%2Fczech-republic-has-first-coronavirus-death-95-year-old-man-idUSL8N2BF0Z7&usg=AOvVaw3GyfINlGuLfAvWiOgUeJWU">reports</a> first coronavirus death. </li> <li>Syria <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiZkcvy2broAhX_hXIEHfbvD-oQFjAIegQICBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-syria%2Fsyria-confirms-first-coronavirus-case-as-fears-grow-it-could-spread-idUSKBN21912A&usg=AOvVaw3gzPdLYCxW-jtJYRmizaY3">reports</a> its first coronavirus case. </li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/22/europe/spain-coronavirus-sunday-intl/index.html">extends</a> state of emergency for another 15 days.  </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiJjq3K2rroAhWRgnIEHQVPCnUQFjADegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F22%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgermany-coronavirus-budget.html&usg=AOvVaw1gv_Ulez93BN-_ObOkNPUY">introduces</a> a "contact ban"—banning groups of more than two people. </li> <li>Greece <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjV9ZDr2rroAhVXl3IEHaWJBa0QFjAJegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fgreece-to-go-into-coronavirus-induced-lockdown%2F&usg=AOvVaw0fgAv6bQPg0ND2q4cl1Rqx">enters</a> lockdown.  </li> <li>Guam <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=15&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjJpcGU27roAhWpmXIEHcPMDGcQFjAOegQICBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2020%2Fus%2Fcoronavirus-us-cases.html&usg=AOvVaw1OhwV4J8XBwFdlEPiZMpDD">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiojLPF27roAhWuhHIEHfI2CVEQFjAAegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-colombia%2Fcolombia-confirms-taxi-driver-as-first-coronavirus-death-idUSKBN21904V&usg=AOvVaw1WaZvAYf1xxJDYFGLJy-jw">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/singapore-closes-borders-virus-bay-shutdown-200322061359901.html">closes</a> its borders to all visitors.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 14–March 21: China Reports No new Coronavirus Cases for Its Third Consecutive Day; Italy Becomes the Country with the Highest Death-Toll; President Trump Signs the Families First Coronavirus Response Act Into Law</h2> March 21  <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi-1tf517roAhVBl3IEHYAkBsQQFjAJegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Feast-asia%2Fchinas-imported-coronavirus-cases-jump-as-students-expats-flock-home&usg=AOvVaw2SDMR6kIIdPPSaC7KwO7NF">reports</a> no new local coronavirus cases for the third consecutive day.  </li> <li>Angola, Eritrea, and Uganda <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj2p4He0rroAhUDlHIEHXczDHUQFjAEegQICBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-africa%2Fangola-eritrea-uganda-confirm-first-cases-as-coronavirus-spreads-in-africa-idUSKBN2180P4&usg=AOvVaw1KQMgtvc1aYcc-ECwEmrQd">confirm</a> their first cases of coronavirus.</li> <li>Mauritius <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj2p4He0rroAhUDlHIEHXczDHUQFjAEegQICBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-africa%2Fangola-eritrea-uganda-confirm-first-cases-as-coronavirus-spreads-in-africa-idUSKBN2180P4&usg=AOvVaw1KQMgtvc1aYcc-ECwEmrQd">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Bolivia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiFuP-X07roAhUSl3IEHYg0BAAQFjAGegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-bolivia%2Fbolivia-announces-nationwide-14-day-quarantine-to-stem-spread-of-coronavirus-idUSKBN2180VG&usg=AOvVaw1FaRy52z56abcC9xaRNwQC">announces</a> a 14-day quarantine. </li> <li>Chile <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjf78LV07roAhXWknIEHcXOCxEQFjAAegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F21%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F21reuters-health-coronavirus-chile.html&usg=AOvVaw3M6fdukn3SkutCH4uzCffF">reports</a> first its coronavirus death. </li> <li>Vietnam <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwifmu_T1broAhVilnIEHZBKBtEQFjAAegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F03%2Fcoronavirus-travel-restrictions-border-shutdowns-country-200318091505922.html&usg=AOvVaw18-z8FeMy9dNcio3ENEzs0">suspends</a> all inbound international flights.  </li> <li>Egypt <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjBhdSd1rroAhUYgnIEHR2RDAsQFjADegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-egypt-religion%2Fegypt-shuts-mosques-and-churches-over-coronavirus-fears-idUSKBN2180M5&usg=AOvVaw2wHd9aAWLWOu_guFFlVnSH">closes</a> all mosques and churches for 14 days. </li> <li>Pakistan <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiesNu61rroAhW7lnIEHVCqAH4QFjAAegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2020%2Fmar%2F21%2Fpakistan-suspends-international-flights-for-two-weeks-to-stem-covid-19-spread&usg=AOvVaw0FcaBo8vsEnp8Ft_vVjP15">bans</a> all incoming flights.  </li> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiTmIuI17roAhVWhHIEHdhsC0cQFjABegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-colombia-quarantin%2Fcolombia-to-hold-19-day-quarantine-to-fight-coronavirus-idUSKBN218068&usg=AOvVaw1QKvyxwvVgGbf2B5k0kjIh">announces</a> mandatory 19-day isolation period as a preventative measure.  </li> <li>The United Arab Emirates <a href="https://twitter.com/mohapuae/status/1241113793729630210/photo/1">announce</a> first its coronavirus-related deaths.  </li> <li>Arizona <a href="https://www.kiro7.com/news/trending/coronavirus-live-updates-total-us-cases-top-13000-death-toll-nears-200/UUGPI7LK2NHCBOVXXTO5RTWIBQ/">records</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> </ul> March 20  <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.nydailynews.com/coronavirus/ny-coronavirus-italy-sees-largest-daily-jump-in-death-toll-20200320-jprmpivbvney5hlfqt3rnvk5ee-story.html">records</a> 627 deaths, the largest single increase since the onset of the outbreak.  </li> <li>The United States CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html">reports </a>more than 18,000 coronavirus cases. </li> <li>Cuba <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiAoLOgzrroAhWahHIEHXVhCrMQFjAAegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20200320-cuba-closes-borders-to-non-residents-over-virus-president&usg=AOvVaw0YmwS2beEVswGJ_VaBBHPU">closes</a> its borders to noncitizens and nonresidents.  </li> <li>Ohio <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjVk9_CzrroAhVkYTUKHX29AdIQFjAFegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-review.com%2Fnews%2F20200320%2Fcoronavirus-in-ohio--friday-ohio-has-first-death-169-cases-and-six-in-stark-county&usg=AOvVaw3gh0wuSW836IQZ_uyVPxQK">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>Zimbabwe <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=13&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiz-vzcz7roAhWjmHIEHZCODFQQFjAMegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F20%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2F20reuters-health-coronavirus-zimbabwe.html&usg=AOvVaw3WGXtBAGsOWWrojBtM-Hh6">reports</a> its first coronavirus case.  </li> <li>U.S. stocks <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwii3vX5z7roAhVpmHIEHRFxBwYQFjAKegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffortune.com%2F2020%2F03%2F20%2Fcoronavirus-stock-market-2008-crisis-dow-today%2F&usg=AOvVaw2R9b2YVzfXIDLE_5zYxzeo">close</a> their worst week since the 2008 financial crisis. </li> <li>Canada announces it <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjvkcO70LroAhWDZDUKHW_kDtgQFjAEegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F20%2Fworld%2Fcanada%2Ftrudeau-asylum-seekers-coronavirus.html&usg=AOvVaw1PvmwnDcX9fbzKkWxhoQ3B">will turn back</a> asylum seekers at the U.S. border.  </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiWhJPX0LroAhWVhHIEHfGpDQMQFjABegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-20-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_e6334d86533d447ff0efcde50d381286&usg=AOvVaw3r7Tkd54mxqs9m_RNLy8nR">delivers more</a> than 1.5 million coronavirus lab test kits around the world.</li> <li>Washington, D.C. <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi8tK6A0broAhVCgnIEHaZRBFwQFjAAegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fstate-watch%2F488673-first-coronavirus-death-reported-in-dc&usg=AOvVaw0p8DHSVpGz_MRBnF0dPrLO">reports</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiPk_nv0broAhURZjUKHQ-wDrkQFjABegQIARAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2020-03%2F20%2Fc_138898953.htm&usg=AOvVaw2YhR3fDz0-vmNZ_xL61Hea">confirms</a> its largest single-day increase of 48 coronavirus cases. </li> <li>President DonaldTrump <a href="https://time.com/5807314/trump-defense-production-act-coronavirus/">invokes</a> the Defense Production Act to disperse medical supplies to hospitals.  </li> </ul> March 19  <ul> <li>Italy’s coronavirus death toll <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/03/20/italys-coronavirus-death-toll-surpasses-chinas/">surpasses</a> China’s.  </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/03/18/coronavirus-latest-news/">reports zero</a> new local coronavirus virus infections.  </li> <li>California <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiQ1__mybroAhVjhXIEHYviAKoQFjAKegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.ca.gov%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2Fgovernor-gavin-newsom-issues-stay-at-home-order%2F&usg=AOvVaw2gy9U-kFpIrCAwaj9-nT6N">issues</a> a stay-at-home order for all of its 40 million residents.  </li> <li>Connecticut <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsifHEzbroAhVOgXIEHWZfCrAQFjAEegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2Fconnecticut-latest-state-to-postpone-2020-primary-as-coronavirus-spreads.html&usg=AOvVaw3ZFASmj0j_9iIxQnbpJ---">postpones</a> its primary elections to June 2. </li> <li>India <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjz7r7U1rroAhXDlHIEHcsFCCMQFjAJegQICBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesstoday.in%2Fsectors%2Faviation%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-india-bans-international-flights-for-a-week-from-march-22%2Fstory%2F398709.html&usg=AOvVaw1pBeJjp37voH6NdP2D4fl6">bans</a> all incoming international flights.  </li> <li>The Indian government <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/foreign-trade/government-bans-exports-of-certain-masks-ventilators-raw-material-for-masks-coveralls/articleshow/74718029.cms">bans exports</a> of masks, ventilators, as well as certain medications and supplements.  </li> <li>Vermont <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwikoJrFyrroAhUflHIEHSUVCxUQFjABegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.healthvermont.gov%2Fmedia%2Fnewsroom%2Fvermont-announces-first-deaths-attributable-new-coronavirus-covid-19&usg=AOvVaw0jdfPiE45-2GEElzMxtvDf">reports</a> its first coronavirus-related deaths.   </li> <li>Peru <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/peru-reports-first-death-from-novel-coronavirus/1772594">confirms</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Haiti <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-haiti/haiti-declares-emergency-over-coronavirus-imposes-curfew-shuts-border-idUSKBN21700V">enters</a> a full-lockdown. </li> <li>The U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjbsM-dzLroAhWulXIEHU2IBtEQFjACegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2Fcoronavirus-live-updates.html&usg=AOvVaw1C8zhvZBCQrnoay6bilU4d">reports more</a> than 13,000 coronavirus cases.  </li> <li>G7 summit is <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiC9Nq5zLroAhWKmXIEHYK4DxcQFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2Fg7-meeting-replaced-with-teleconference-due-to-coronavirus-138338&usg=AOvVaw3Q-DKuQ3Xgt-69OAhkh9Rl">to be held</a> via videoconference.  </li> <li>France <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwinzcCAzbroAhUKlHIEHQLcDg4QFjAFegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2Fworld%2Fcoronavirus-update-cases.html&usg=AOvVaw3_A3DsJwWMTS_Bn1m2abMm">reports</a> over 10,000 coronavirus cases. </li> <li>U.S. Department of States <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiPvp_uzLroAhWplHIEHQ9RBoMQFjABegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftravel.state.gov%2Fcontent%2Ftravel%2Fen%2Ftraveladvisories%2Fea%2Ftravel-advisory-alert-global-level-4-health-advisory-issue.html&usg=AOvVaw0p-byRy3FuppH2HUVW7mS-">issues</a> a Level 4  “Do Not Travel” advisory.  </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=16&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjxptOyzbroAhXVmXIEHWD0CFkQFjAPegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fcoronavirus-live-updates%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2F818423530%2Fitaly-surpasses-chinas-coronavirus-death-toll&usg=AOvVaw07jwpmNbHgbdgoy-8hsn70">surpasses</a> China as the country with the most coronavirus deaths.  </li> <li>Prince Albert of Monaco <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi2m5fxzbroAhUXg3IEHVC9Ae0QFjACegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fcoronavirus-live-updates%2F2020%2F03%2F19%2F818698736%2Fprince-albert-ii-of-monaco-tests-positive-for-coronavirus&usg=AOvVaw0i2JGaJ2Rzg_VYkIsOtmwJ">tests positive</a> for coronavirus.</li> </ul> March 18  <ul> <li>President Trump <a href="https://www.natlawreview.com/article/president-trump-signs-families-first-coronavirus-response-act-0">signs</a> the Families First Coronavirus Response Act into law.</li> <li>The United States and Canada <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/17/politics/us-canada-suspend-travel/index.html">suspend</a> nonessential travel between the two countries.  </li> <li>Belgium <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=18&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjzo_CEgbnoAhWvlHIEHfkvDGMQFjARegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2020-03-17%2Fbelgium-to-impose-coronavirus-lockdown-from-march-18-at-1100-gmt&usg=AOvVaw0WtySFbtBdPv80vdqCl9at">imposes</a> a lockdown to help curb the spread of coronavirus. </li> <li>Macao <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj445uthbnoAhWNhHIEHQsABBUQFjAAegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fagbrief.com%2Fheadline%2Fmacau-closes-borders-after-new-infections%2F&usg=AOvVaw3AskVgulA1KuhCXbCf0oFe">closes</a> its borders to all noncitizens and nonresidents. </li> <li>Maryland <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/virginia-dc-maryland-coronavirus-news-wednesday/2020/03/18/9e49700a-6925-11ea-abef-020f086a3fab_story.html">reports</a> first coronavirus death.</li> </ul> March 17  <ul> <li>The European Union <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjjtoKV_7joAhVLj3IEHdJOC8QQFjAEegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F17%2Fworld%2Feurope%2FEU-closes-borders-virus.html&usg=AOvVaw1vA-H7El3H0MrCjjQEGyTg">closes</a> its borders to all nonessential travel.  </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/coronavirus-russia-border-close-flights-when-residents-latest-a9405131.html">closes</a> its borders to all noncitizens, residents, and diplomats--effective until May. </li> <li>Bolivia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjK_ZChgLnoAhVWhHIEHQXcB1IQFjADegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F17%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F17reuters-health-coronavirus-bolivia.html&usg=AOvVaw1T8Z4onyGcFyT002A_Yv8j">closes</a> its borders and suspends all nonessential flights.  </li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjTn9nOt7joAhVnmHIEHboJCmAQFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-turkey%2Fturkey-confirms-first-coronavirus-death-more-than-doubles-cases-to-98-idUSKBN214412&usg=AOvVaw2x_l4dUh-3cQ7eZ0UZavLb">confirms</a> its first coronavirus death. </li> <li>West Virginia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjHk_zR7bjoAhVUlHIEHXIQACgQFjAAegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fhealth-shots%2F2020%2F03%2F17%2F817096232%2Fcoronavirus-radical-change-to-life-as-covid-19-reaches-152-countries&usg=AOvVaw35pm174QL9LwuqSSyIyxaz">confirms</a> its first coronavirus case—making the virus present in all 50 United States. </li> <li>Gambia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjOmJWogbnoAhXXl3IEHSfMBRUQFjAJegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.trust.org%2Fitem%2F20200317205019-x8zrk%2F&usg=AOvVaw3Wa1ms5NMbWubOeGZVjiE8">reports</a> first case of coronavirus. </li> <li>Guatemala <a href="https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-03-17/guatemala-close-borders-to-americans-trumps-deportation-flights">blocks</a> U.S. deportation flights to curb the spread of coronavirus.  </li> <li>Montenegro <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=13&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi89eGPgrnoAhWsknIEHSGjCXEQFjAMegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-montenegro%2Fmontenegro-reports-first-case-of-corona-virus-infection-idUSKBN2143SY&usg=AOvVaw0Z7HEmyMzQjOgYhkZor2vQ">reports i</a>ts first two cases of coronavirus. </li> <li>Iran r<a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwitrKD5hLnoAhX0mXIEHX7gC7wQFjAJegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fcoronavirus-covid-19-iran-releases-eighty-five-thousand-prisoners-2020-3&usg=AOvVaw1Pu_P9Q3c6xJyQdA9rwFqw">eleases</a> 85,000 prisoners in a bid to curb the spread of the virus.  </li> <li>Malaysia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=12&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi51cvLhbnoAhWkhXIEHcskBMQQFjALegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aa.com.tr%2Fen%2Fasia-pacific%2Fmalaysia-reports-first-2-deaths-from-coronavirus%2F1768988&usg=AOvVaw1LfsgXMFZI8pWwwkkkZUZT">announces</a> first two coronavirus deaths.</li> </ul> March 16  <ul> <li>CDC reports over 4,000 coronavirus cases in the United States. </li> <li>South Carolina <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjV9Zes_7joAhXxhXIEHQbkAHcQFjAEegQIChAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fbest-states%2Fsouth-carolina%2Farticles%2F2020-03-16%2Fsc-reports-1st-coronavirus-death-senate-plans-short-return&usg=AOvVaw0YXqJWFjrJgMLHQhifbOys">reports</a> first coronavirus related death. </li> <li>China <a href="https://nypost.com/2020/03/11/china-shuts-all-16-temporary-coronavirus-hospitals-in-wuhan/">closes</a> all 16 temporary hospitals in Wuhan.  </li> <li>Georgia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=8&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwibisWIxbjoAhXWknIEHZEiCmgQFjAHegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.13wmaz.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgov-kemp-orders-all-public-schools-in-georgia-to-close-until-march-31%2F93-90ce37af-c7ae-48ea-ac5b-02436d895b32&usg=AOvVaw1Axy03DezqEueu3stKlnwO">closes</a> all public schools until March 31. </li> <li>San Francisco <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjK4c7hxbjoAhUsknIEHR-xArYQFjAFegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fcalifornia%2Fstory%2F2020-03-12%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-san-francisco-closing-public-schools&usg=AOvVaw1LXa9TKnAqx2aD0SE0We05">closes</a> all public schools for three weeks. </li> <li>Malaysia <a href="https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/03/16/pm-malaysia-in-lockdown-from-wed-until-march-31-all-shops-closed-except-for/1847204">introduces</a> a movement control order. </li> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwidwfCU_LjoAhXnlnIEHe4rABsQFjAAegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2020-03-16%2Fcolombia-to-close-borders-to-prevent-spread-of-coronavirus&usg=AOvVaw0G_aWzWf1vQZSL_HQ9wT_h">closes</a> its borders to noncitizens and nonresidents.  </li> <li>France <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-16-20-intl-hnk/h_59fc12079ee007cb3db50e20cb26722e">closes</a> its borders to noncitizens and nonresidents and bans all social gatherings. </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjm-JKo_bjoAhX7lnIEHWMRANsQFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-51905129&usg=AOvVaw0GjkxDdhPhtYz0Y2bUk6hG">closes</a> its borders to noncitizens and nonresidents.</li> <li>Sudan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-sudan/update-1-sudan-closes-airports-and-borders-over-coronavirus-fears-idUSL8N2B987L">closes</a> its borders to noncitizens and nonresidents.  </li> <li>Hungary <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiWn83C_rjoAhWNhHIEHQsABBUQFjAFegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2020-03-16%2Fhungary-to-shut-borders-to-international-passengers-to-fight-coronavirus-pm&usg=AOvVaw3OBBSosXImsP8wXSYoH6aV">closes</a> its borders to all noncitizens and nonresidents. </li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiVx77i_rjoAhUClHIEHUauDHMQFjAEegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Feuobserver.com%2Ftickers%2F147766&usg=AOvVaw0RG-53WPLnpgKT6OSD4kv9">closes</a> its borders to all noncitizens and nonresidents.  </li> <li>Switzerland <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/03/16/world/asia/16reuters-health-coronavirus-swiss-government.html">bans all events</a> and closes shops.  </li> <li>Egypt <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjf1NfP_7joAhVnmHIEHboJCmAQFjABegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F03%2Fcoronavirus-travel-restrictions-border-shutdowns-country-200318091505922.html&usg=AOvVaw18-z8FeMy9dNcio3ENEzs0">suspends</a> all flights for two weeks. </li> <li>The Dow <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiElp6O_bjoAhVolHIEHQnnCDgQFjAAegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2020%2F3%2F16%2F21182341%2Fdow-jones-biggest-point-drop-coronavirus-3000&usg=AOvVaw0fREVK7XInERSywKoaLxnX">records</a> its worst-drop in history.  </li> <li>Airlines <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiTurip_rjoAhXXknIEHfR8CwgQFjAAegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Ftrafficandcommuting%2Fairline-industry-seeking-more-than-50-billion-in-government-aid-amid-coronavirus-crisis%2F2020%2F03%2F16%2F62f21e06-67ab-11ea-9923-57073adce27c_story.html&usg=AOvVaw2xmKxT8M-W3io69YTo3mty">request</a> $50 billion in assistance packages.  </li> <li>Lockdown in China <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi00ePjgbnoAhWkl3IEHbgrCbsQFjADegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fjeffmcmahon%2F2020%2F03%2F16%2Fcoronavirus-lockdown-may-have-saved-77000-lives-in-china-just-from-pollution-reduction%2F&usg=AOvVaw2sGOXKpfQIiJisI6DYHML3">estimated</a> to have saved approximately 77,000 lives by slashing air pollution.  </li> <li>Somalia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj_3OWEg7noAhXzlnIEHYZzCdIQFjADegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2020-03-16%2Fsomalia-reports-first-coronavirus-case-suspends-most-flights&usg=AOvVaw1DGwW9B0F9NnWQYrtjjdZi">reports</a> first coronavirus case.</li> </ul> March 15  <ul> <li>Lebanon <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjatYzA-rjoAhVWmHIEHSGbDWsQFjADegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20200315-lebanon-announces-two-week-lockdown-over-coronavirus&usg=AOvVaw2FveYyN8bilDwXASHzT3Mm">announces</a> a 14 day lockdown.  </li> <li>New York City public schools <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=15&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwid8Yj3yrjoAhXFhHIEHaZ5Bg04ChAWMAR6BAgBEAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F15%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-schools-closed.html&usg=AOvVaw0w0F-oMQkgpswm0bwT8fSk">close</a>. </li> <li>New York Mayor Bill DeBlasio <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/03/16/us/16reuters-health-coronavirus-usa-surgery.html">signs </a>an executive orde<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/03/16/us/16reuters-health-coronavirus-usa-surgery.html">r</a> stating that New York City hospitals are required to cancel elective surgeries. </li> <li>Guatemala <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiVuoa_zLjoAhX6hXIEHSrEA3AQFjABegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonherald.com%2F2020%2F03%2F15%2Fthe-latest-guatemala-reports-1st-coronavirus-death%2F&usg=AOvVaw3CrhJ84Av253jGU-Dp-x5T">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.  </li> <li>Panama <a href="https://twitter.com/NitoCortizo/status/1239337769429803013">closes</a> its borders to noncitizens and nonresidents.  </li> <li>The Bahamas <a href="https://twitter.com/opmthebahamas/status/1239274765535379461/photo/1">reports</a> its first case of coronavirus. </li> <li>Oklahoma <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjvjrz8-bjoAhWllnIEHUR9AN8QFjACegQIChAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fktul.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovernor-stitt-declares-state-of-emergency-in-oklahoma&usg=AOvVaw3lLqcLUGzsZI8B16V0-igo">declares</a> a state of emergency. </li> <li>Maine <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjez-e1-bjoAhXJhXIEHfbsDKcQFjABegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbangordailynews.com%2F2020%2F03%2F15%2Fpolitics%2Fjanet-mills-declares-civil-emergency-after-maine-announces-new-coronavirus-cases%2F&usg=AOvVaw20LoM2RzmDK3Ev4BWu78Z1">declares</a> a state of emergency. </li> <li>Massachusetts <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-2-03-15-20-intl-hnk/h_e789be3e4ee19bc6a9c06c84a0dbe85c">bans eating</a> and drinking at bars until at least April 17. </li> <li>29 States <a href="https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/map-coronavirus-and-school-closures.html">announce</a> school closures.  </li> <li>Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-kazakhstan-emergen/kazakhstan-uzbekistan-close-borders-after-first-coronavirus-cases-idUSKBN2120EX">close borders</a> after first coronavirus cases. </li> </ul> March 14  <ul> <li>Austin, TX <a href="http://austintexas.gov/news/gatherings-250-people-banned-help-tackle-covid-19">bans</a> gatherings of more than 250 people. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=12&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiTysXw7bjoAhUqknIEHc09BmMQFjALegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F14%2Fworld%2Fcoronavirus-live-updates.html&usg=AOvVaw26yifjFj3kPxY3rGmzDpIy">reaches</a> 2,750 Coronavirus cases. All states have reported cases except West Virginia.  </li> <li>President Trump <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjNh9mS7rjoAhULhXIEHUNlBtQQFjAEegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2020%2F03%2F14%2F815959169%2Fpresident-trump-tests-negative-for-coronavirus&usg=AOvVaw2D_QbAKlZEEiSqxc8kr-3N">tests negative</a> for coronavirus .</li> <li>Georgia <a href="https://www.gainesvilletimes.com/news/health-care/gov-kemp-declares-georgia-public-health-emergency-effective-march-14/">declares</a> a state of emergency. </li> <li>Georgia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjHr4Sc7rjoAhVyl3IEHe5oCRsQFjAKegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FHealth%2FwireStory%2Fgeorgia-2nd-state-postpone-pres-primaries-virus-69602029&usg=AOvVaw0dHpQLtJJ3_a1cT8McVfdh">postpones</a> their democratic primary out of safety concerns. </li> <li>Virginia <a href="https://www.nbc12.com/2020/03/15/virginia-reports-first-death-coronavirus-cases-reported-statewide/">reports</a> first coronavirus death. </li> <li>Trump <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsf0mPKOrSQ">attends</a> White House Coronavirus task force briefing. </li> <li>New York <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/new-york/articles/2020-03-14/new-york-reports-first-death-from-new-coronavirus">records</a> its first coronavirus related death. It releases the report of the first two deaths on March 15. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2020-china-coronavirus-airlines-business-effects/">suspends</a> all civilian flights. </li> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi2v5i28bjoAhWKmXIEHc9TDiEQFjACegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F14%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F14reuters-health-coronavirus-colombia-borders.html&usg=AOvVaw1asah9lfcinh-6JjfMW8lz">closes</a> its border with Venezuela.  </li> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjfkpXX8bjoAhVAl3IEHflaC4sQFjACegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-51885983&usg=AOvVaw0bK6KHPFpq7kTXXpcjzbyh">mandates</a> all arrivals to self-quarantine for 14 days. </li> <li>Aruba <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi8nKKG9LjoAhWdlXIEHZK6ASIQFjAAegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-14-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_f70eaa0dbd3a9b0f13df15e612e589ec&usg=AOvVaw0F2xpyMzZoauKXY6mKFxOW">announces</a> first two coronavirus cases. </li> <li>Number new coronavirus cases in South Korea <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=20&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiHuOni87joAhUlZjUKHRJUAsIQFjATegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F14%2Fbusiness%2F14reuters-health-coronavirus-southkorea.html&usg=AOvVaw3GEgRgL6RfRjYxumU32G5Q">continues</a> to decline. </li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi8j_HU87joAhVXhXIEHf3TDiEQFjADegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fahvalnews.com%2Fcoronavirus%2Fturkey-confirms-fifth-coronavirus-case-suspends-flights-9-european-countries&usg=AOvVaw2I0hkYXFV-WAEDBuq2ka4M">suspends</a> flights to nine European countries.  </li> </ul> <h2>Week of March 7–March 13: One Fifth of All Students Worldwide Are Out of School; More Countries Close Borders and Declare State of Emergency; Europe Becomes the Epicenter; U.S. NBA Cancels Season</h2> March 13 <ul> <li>More than 5,000 <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=18&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjd_pau9LjoAhV_knIEHd9dDR0QFjARegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2020%2F03%2F13%2Fglobal-coronavirus-death-toll-tops-5000%2F&usg=AOvVaw2hM_6iBZN9csJZw8ql64Dp">have died</a> from coronavirus worldwide.</li> <li>President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=24&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwieyo2KzbjoAhVXhHIEHaGyBcQQFjAXegQIChAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fbriefings-statements%2Fletter-president-donald-j-trump-emergency-determination-stafford-act%2F&usg=AOvVaw0Y3e7mdpkQVyLUz1l0JKAs">declares</a> a state of National Emergency under Stafford Act.</li> <li>New Mexico <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiGxcCPxLjoAhU7hXIEHfyGB0kQFjAAegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.governor.state.nm.us%2F2020%2F03%2F13%2Fnew-mexico-closes-k-12-public-schools-to-prevent-potential-spread-of-covid-19%2F&usg=AOvVaw11qNEtL0rWcKfCN_V6m9WJ">closes</a> all public schools for three weeks.</li> <li>New York <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/17/nyregion/new-rochelle-coronavirus-testing.html">opens</a> drive through coronavirus test center.</li> <li>Utah <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwihwvbwxrjoAhV1lnIEHVowCCwQFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-12-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_90b248912ad086820b145af03ba49416%3Futm_source%3DtwCNN%26utm_term%3Dimage%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_content%3D2020-03-12T23%253A44%253A28&usg=AOvVaw3TexpEGuBO3bGQLeKKSDcU">bans</a> large gatherings for two weeks.</li> <li>Maryland <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi3_POCx7joAhWjgXIEHQe6CgwQFjAFegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwtop.com%2Fcoronavirus%2F2020%2F03%2Fcoronavirus-update-alexandria-records-1st-first-case-loudoun-co-schools-closed-for-more-than-a-week%2F&usg=AOvVaw2RcvBI508pNPSDEI8sjXIG">announces</a> it will close all schools for two weeks.</li> <li>Denmark, Poland, and the Czech Republic <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjY1PubyrjoAhWKl3IEHRS8CF4QFjAFegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F4e89ec5c-6565-11ea-b3f3-fe4680ea68b5&usg=AOvVaw3Ib7jc6haVDuufdpBUWSTT">close</a> their borders.</li> <li>Uruguay <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiFzsnFyrjoAhXSYDUKHbQnCkkQFjAAegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fhealth-coronavirus-uruguay%2Furuguay-announces-first-four-confirmed-cases-of-coronavirus-ministry-idUSE6N29R033&usg=AOvVaw0GLSI7IyCBLjCSrQG6Yn8H">records</a> first case of coronavirus.</li> <li>Sixteen states, including Alabama, Wisconsin, Maryland, Ohio, Kentucky, Washington, Wisconsin,  West Virginia, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, Rhode Island, Michigan, New Mexico, Oregon, Virginia, and Utah, have <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwii29KJzLjoAhV3hXIEHXWBDiwQFjAFegQICBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbay.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2FWisconsin-governor-closing-all-schools-in-the-state-568782311.html&usg=AOvVaw0FsNtiHabjYWkYa0wo5UCH">announced</a> school closures.</li> <li>U.S. House of Representatives reaches deal to pass <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi7u97py7joAhUulnIEHcXbBrwQFjAAegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dol.gov%2Fagencies%2Fwhd%2Fpandemic%2Fffcra-employer-paid-leave&usg=AOvVaw14B2yB-UDcxGA5Q9VctXef">Families First Coronavirus Response Act</a>.</li> <li>Guatemala <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiVuoa_zLjoAhX6hXIEHSrEA3AQFjAAegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fworld%2F1130133&usg=AOvVaw0bw2l96VPLZHnBuIiv41WV">reports</a> its first coronavirus case,</li> <li>Ukraine <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiOwYrhzLjoAhX4mXIEHf6QCpoQFjABegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrinform.net%2Frubric-society%2F2895856-ukraine-will-close-borders-to-foreigners-for-two-weeks-in-48-hours-danilov.html&usg=AOvVaw3Ic0kV8DTf42vG2AMcbclv">announces</a> it will close its borders to foreigners for two weeks.</li> <li>Denmark <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwig6qS-zbjoAhWKgXIEHcOlAFwQFjABegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2020-03-13%2Fdenmark-closes-borders-as-efforts-to-fight-virus-are-escalated&usg=AOvVaw2jP8xP6NSj3S1quD7zutcF">closes</a> its borders to all tourists until April 15.</li> <li>Venezuela <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjJ4uflzbjoAhVyl3IEHe5oCRsQFjADegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2FwireStory%2Fvenezuela-crisis-reports-1st-coronavirus-cases-69590448&usg=AOvVaw1FltrfdBCi9vmJ8HqpxfQb">announces</a> its first cases of coronavirus.</li> <li>Massachusetts <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjfhL6MzrjoAhWPlHIEHc2iCuIQFjAAegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcboston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgov-baker-to-provide-update-on-massachusetts-coronavirus-preparedness%2F2090477%2F&usg=AOvVaw1P6Ps4eNno_EMdFRfO3Yc9">bans</a> gatherings of more than 250 people.</li> <li>Scotland r<a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjDrc-dzrjoAhXChHIEHUoxBcIQFjAKegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fhome-news%2Fcoronavirus-uk-death-toll-scotland-numbers-latest-nhs-sport-a9401726.html&usg=AOvVaw0e7QZASJ3X4nT46eDrt6Pq">ecords</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Louisiana <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjr1Zm2zrjoAhXDgnIEHbTdDkMQFjAAegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F03%2F13%2Flouisiana-postpones-presidential-primary-due-to-coronavirus-128514&usg=AOvVaw0JaGBFXFLQfvLFjWulj1qk">postpones</a> primary elections amidst growing coronavirus concerns.</li> <li>Sudan <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiC_IDYzrjoAhUHmHIEHajkCxkQFjAAegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fscience-health%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak%2Fsudan-sees-first-death-coronavirus&usg=AOvVaw0SQGoqMpwvix_fCUZd3f29">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Ukraine <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=15&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjQ_JTtzrjoAhV9g3IEHbPCBJMQFjAOegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fworld%2F1129997&usg=AOvVaw0E8xuo2bg4T0kbEBaHmK-j">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj5tfyuz7joAhXblnIEHZsrDRMQFjAAegQIBhAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cidrap.umn.edu%2Fnews-perspective%2F2020%2F03%2Fwho-europe-now-worlds-covid-19-epicenter&usg=AOvVaw3JVd9QCxdatHr81kY0JJhy">declares</a> Europe the new epicenter of the outbreak.</li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiG7JW7z7joAhUHlnIEHfopCeYQFjABegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fnewshour%2Fhealth%2Fspain-to-declare-state-of-emergency-over-virus-outbreak&usg=AOvVaw12vGmAPNqsW9GT7o_pOlGi">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> </ul> March 12 <ul> <li>Wuhan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china/chinas-coronavirus-epicenter-reports-just-five-cases-beijing-tomb-sweepers-urged-to-stay-back-idUSKBN2100BP">records</a> just five new cases of coronavirus.</li> <li>Kansas <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiw0Ou4xLjoAhXcknIEHXwfCagQFjAGegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fhealth%2Fkansas-reports-first-coronavirus-death&usg=AOvVaw0ZklPfMb3trzyp-BJddFeN">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Montana <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiDtPjOxLjoAhWKgXIEHcOlAFwQFjAAegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdphhs.mt.gov%2Faboutus%2Fnews%2F2020%2Fstateofemergencydeclared&usg=AOvVaw13JGqPrvUoTHjfxKbUpQdA">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>Portugal <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjS6-mpxbjoAhWPg3IEHY-iAgYQFjAEegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2020-03-12%2Fportugal-orders-schools-night-clubs-shut-due-to-coronavirus&usg=AOvVaw1oU7mjRy06mP12FKnDOI6N">closes</a> all schools.</li> <li>U.S. stocks <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj8zO61x7joAhVYmHIEHZCgBW4QFjACegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fglobal-stocks-follow-u-s-markets-lower-11583975524&usg=AOvVaw3ZBUh9Xq_iq-bQ5o9xvfBP">record</a> their worst day since 1987.</li> <li>New York City <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjt2NDXx7joAhVWhXIEHXxcAqsQFjAAegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F12%2Fnyregion%2Fcoronavirus-new-york-update.html&usg=AOvVaw31-3ALGCPzrDRGKvfAaVom">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>Greece <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjZ4Zngx7joAhVfknIEHT3PAc8QFjAAegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-12-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_4cfcda52c43e7cb0dadea04275a201e4&usg=AOvVaw0aNJ7YYpCF-cQaa9aUcVrY">closes</a> all entertainment venues for at least two weeks.</li> <li>Ohio <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjN29fyx7joAhV8mnIEHQ3dB8oQFjADegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgovernor.ohio.gov%2Fwps%2Fportal%2Fgov%2Fgovernor%2Fmedia%2Fnews-and-media%2Fannounces-school-closures&usg=AOvVaw0D2VOtpXqRXoHxW3NIbdBv">closes</a> all public schools until at least April 3.</li> <li>France <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiq8P2KyLjoAhXJknIEHQRdCLEQFjADegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-france-macron%2Ffrance-to-close-schools-to-curb-coronavirus-spread-macron-idUSKBN20Z3D4&usg=AOvVaw1vinBWPcA0bfpsIZByTeX8">closes</a> all schools.</li> <li>Norway <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjMj9-XyLjoAhWFYTUKHUc1DTQQFjAJegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2020-03-12%2Ffirst-person-dies-from-coronavirus-in-norway-pm-says&usg=AOvVaw3vjWeDkmwtnQ1Rv_dZq-a0">records</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=12&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjo0Oe2yLjoAhVol3IEHUnKCmAQFjALegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F12%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2F12reuters-health-coronavirus-israel-palestinians.html&usg=AOvVaw15w7GkFhvFIbxyjkCN1zpS">orders</a> closure of schools and universities.</li> <li>Virginia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiY_-fNyLjoAhVglHIEHRsGAs8QFjAAegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.governor.virginia.gov%2Fnewsroom%2Fall-releases%2F2020%2Fmarch%2Fheadline-853537-en.html&usg=AOvVaw1SHINzjCVZEWtiOMejq04T">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiw5YrZyLjoAhVzg3IEHdRYB64QFjAFegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F03%2Findia-reports-coronavirus-death-restrictions-200313033657479.html&usg=AOvVaw0oCAZoc-acmMB5xRyyG9BD">records</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>New York <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjX7vfxyLjoAhW6mXIEHTxkD9EQFjAAegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F12%2Fnyregion%2Fcoronavirus-nyc-event-ban.html&usg=AOvVaw32ix_0AtfPbgA0ZkVWWimr">bans</a> gatherings of more than 500 people.</li> <li>Tennessee <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=17&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjhvYOYybjoAhXqmHIEHQ46A2sQFjAQegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbir.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgov-bill-lee-declares-state-of-emergency-in-tennessee-amid-coronavirus-response%2F51-d7687f88-ccc7-4b19-ad7c-9f44ef6b7f46&usg=AOvVaw0-yz20NCmM5ZZT1-RAZXfQ">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>Oregon <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjByYm4ybjoAhWuhXIEHX6PDTUQFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oregonlive.com%2Fcoronavirus%2F2020%2F03%2Fno-gatherings-of-250-or-more-people-in-oregon-for-4-weeks-gov-kate-brown-says.html&usg=AOvVaw0EJM1Qx2VLJxu2fRvxJcyG">cancels</a> all gatherings of more than 250 people.</li> <li>The United Nations <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj-2J_agLnoAhVAmHIEHUOWB7QQFjAAegQIARAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fscience-health%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak%2Fun-suspends-human-rights-council-session-due-coronavirus&usg=AOvVaw2Dcb9x-uuY3u87sFYYvNFZ">suspends</a> the Human Rights Council session.</li> </ul> March 11 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020">c</a><a href="https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020">haracterizes</a> the coronavirus outbreak as a pandemic for the first time.</li> <li>Turkey <a href="https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/turkey-confirms-first-coronavirus-case-a-man-back-from-europe/news">confirms</a> its first case of coronavirus.</li> <li>Arizona <a href="https://www.nydailynews.com/coronavirus/ny-coronavirus-italy-sees-largest-daily-jump-in-death-toll-20200320-jprmpivbvney5hlfqt3rnvk5ee-story.html">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>Washington D.C. <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/487112-washington-dc-declares-state-of-emergency-over-coronavirus">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>United States <a href="https://www.dhs.gov/news/2020/03/17/fact-sheet-dhs-notice-arrival-restrictions-china-iran-and-certain-countries-europe">announces</a> Level 3 travel advisory and suspended entry to all foreign nationals traveling from China, Iran, and certain European countries at any point during the 14 days prior to their scheduled travel to the United States.</li> <li>North Dakota <a href="http://records">records</a> its first case of coronavirus.</li> <li>Delaware <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi6sN_mwbjoAhVblHIEHZwDDX4QFjAFegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.delaware.gov%2F2020%2F03%2F11%2Fpublic-health-announces-first-presumptive-positive-case-of-coronavirus-in-delaware-resident%2F&usg=AOvVaw3_3s8i82N_q7z6-vsX2LOU">records</a> its first case of coronavirus.</li> <li>NBA <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjfutHRvrjoAhWvlHIEHfkvDGMQFjAAegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F11%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2Fnba-season-suspended-coronavirus.html&usg=AOvVaw1Yc_0AvBJRyfmTBXcwb-dJ">suspends</a> their season.</li> <li>El Salvador <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjwqO7fv7joAhXHgXIEHWrWAGIQFjAFegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.garda.com%2Fcrisis24%2Fnews-alerts%2F321951%2Fel-salvador-nationwide-quarantine-declared-on-march-11-update-3&usg=AOvVaw0M1p6gIZg0z3bDqMPKbPGX">imposes</a> a 21-day quarantine and prohibits entry to all foreigners.</li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwium_iPwbjoAhX2lHIEHRz3Bc8QFjABegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-11-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_9894a49e7394672676762aac19f7f8f3&usg=AOvVaw2VKZ_gdjrsgrbYuDSQM5Gh">closes</a> all shops and venues across the country.</li> <li>Austria <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiqpLmvwbjoAhVTl3IEHcPRDWwQFjAAegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-health-coronavirus-austria%2Faustria-closing-schools-over-coronavirus-as-border-checks-take-effect-idUSKBN20Y2YC&usg=AOvVaw1FcU1nGQidj1BI3qAjkxmB">announces</a> it will close schools until April.</li> <li>India <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwimiJqJwrjoAhWcl3IEHRl-ARkQFjABegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fcoronavirus-update-india-suspends-all-tourist-visas-until-april-15-amid-coronavirus-fears%2F&usg=AOvVaw1U0SBHy3Gq6plgosWh90ea">suspends</a> all tourist visas until April 15.</li> <li>Ireland <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiD77rcwrjoAhUFg3IEHTnAD1IQFjAEegQIBxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-51838237&usg=AOvVaw0757tzNeuRyMl8XfzdsKTG">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Sweden <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjTo_rxwrjoAhVWmHIEHSGbDWsQFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2020%2F03%2F11%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F11reuters-health-coronavirus-sweden-death.html&usg=AOvVaw3htpvC01FDIJYCGf0UZ7g8">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>The United Nations <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiQxKTIw7joAhUBhXIEHQf7C_AQFjABegQIAxAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fworld%2Flive-news%2Fcoronavirus-outbreak-03-11-20-intl-hnk%2Fh_18f6187342b1eb508dac90cb22375f81&usg=AOvVaw0jaHxi_DTVdKnqbh3NuyMX">reports</a> that about 20 percent of students are out of school globally as a result of the pandemic.</li> </ul> March 10 <ul> <li>Michigan, Vermont, North Carolina, Massachusetts, and Colorado <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-11-20-intl-hnk/h_5c886c400fa63ae66fd197ec23927eca">all declare</a> a state of emergency (23 states total). </li> <li>Panama <a href="https://in.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/covid-19-information/">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Portugal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-portugal-italy/portugal-suspends-flights-to-from-italy-due-to-coronavirus-idUSP4N28K00O">suspends</a> flights to Italy for 14 days.</li> <li>Chile <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-10-20-intl-hnk/h_5541ee85a94f43a6e27049d9cfc2a097">announces</a> 14-day quarantine for passengers arriving from Spain and Italy.</li> <li>Coachella music festival <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/10/arts/music/coronavirus-coachella-postponed.html">is postponed</a> until October.</li> <li>South Dakota <a href="https://apnews.com/14d5e3a36fa0f6ed370bd55ace39c754">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>President Donald Trump does not <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-10-20-intl-hnk/h_cba891f7b4742978c907462fa0626791">attend</a> a coronavirus briefing. Vice President Mike Pence leads instead.</li> <li>New Jersey <a href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/new-jersey-records-first-coronavirus-death">reports</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Greece <a href="https://greece.greekreporter.com/2020/03/10/greece-closes-all-schools-and-universities-for-two-weeks-amid-coronavirus-fears/">closes</a> all schools and universities for two weeks.</li> <li>Vice President Pence <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-coronavirus-briefing-health-insurers/">announces</a> no copays on coronavirus treatment.</li> <li>Spain <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-spain-flights/spain-cancels-flights-to-and-from-italy-for-two-weeks-in-a-bid-to-stop-coronavirus-idUSE8N29W006">suspends</a> all flights to Italy for two weeks.</li> <li>United Nations <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiaz-vjurjoAhWqknIEHRW5AwkQFjABegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpatch.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmidtown-nyc%2Fun-headquarters-closes-public-coronavirus-precaution&usg=AOvVaw3s6RcYlKNjxRdjL1hinKif">closes</a> New York Headquarters to the public.</li> <li>The Vatican <a href="https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2020-03/vatican-closes-saint-peters-to-combat-covid-19.html">closes</a> St. Peter's square and Basilica to tourists.</li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-10-20-intl-hnk/h_70804615c794405c9b76e36e3b3478aa">reports</a> over 8,000 cases, the second highest outside China.</li> <li>Czech Republic <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-czech/czech-republic-shutting-schools-events-over-coronavirus-idUSKBN20X0ZL">closes</a> schools.</li> <li>Coronavirus cases are reported in all EU member states.</li> </ul> March 9 <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51810673">declares</a> a nation-wide lockdown.</li> <li>the United Kingdom <a href="https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/coronavirus">advises</a> against all but essential travel to Italy.</li> <li>WHO reports that <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-03/10/c_138860245.htm">more than</a> 70 percent of coronavirus cases in China have recovered.</li> <li>Rhode Island <a href="https://www.providencejournal.com/news/20200309/raimondo-declares-state-of-emergency-in-ri-over-coronavirus">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>Canada <a href="https://www.news10.com/news/coronavirus/canada-announces-first-covid-19-death/">announces</a> its first coronavirus death.</li> <li>Madrid region in Spain <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-spain-madrid/madrid-region-to-close-all-schools-over-coronavirus-concerns-report-idUSKBN20W2Q1">closes</a> all school.</li> <li>China <a href="https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-03-09/School-s-back-144-reopen-in-China-s-Qinghai-Province-OIUlUL3xaU/index.html">reopens</a> schools in Qinghai Province.</li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/israel-announces-that-anyone-coming-from-abroad-will-be-quarantined-for-14-days/2020/03/09/f133dd9a-61f6-11ea-8a8e-5c5336b32760_story.html">imposes</a> 14-day quarantine for all international travelers.</li> <li>Cyprus <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-cyprus/cyprus-announces-first-two-coronavirus-cases-including-health-professional-idUSKBN20W2BQ">reports</a> its first two coronavirus cases.</li> <li>Louisiana <a href="http://ldh.la.gov/Coronavirus/">reports</a> its first positive coronavirus case.</li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-09/germany-reports-first-death-from-coronavirus-outbreak-dpa-says">reports</a> its first two deaths from coronavirus.</li> <li>New York <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjdlra1s7joAhUDlHIEHd7FC4QQFjAGegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2020%2F03%2F09%2Fnew-york-is-making-hand-sanitizer-with-prison-labor.html&usg=AOvVaw2qi5XEdX57z8zOYazzJXcr">announces</a> it will be making its own hand sanitizer using prison labor.</li> <li>Egypt <a href="https://www.arabnews.com/node/1640126/middle-east">cancels</a> large gatherings over one thousand people.</li> </ul> March 8 <ul> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-saudi-travel/saudi-arabia-suspends-travel-to-and-from-nine-countries-including-uae-bahrain-and-egypt-idUSKBN20V14D">suspends</a> air and naval travel with the following countries over growing coronavirus concerns: United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Lebanon, Syria, South Korea, Egypt, Italy, and Iraq.</li> <li>Qatar <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-qatar/qatar-bans-arrivals-from-14-countries-over-coronavirus-fears-idUSKBN20V116">suspends</a> entry from 14 additional countries over coronavirus concerns.</li> <li>First three positive coronavirus cases are reported in Iowa.</li> <li>Connecticut <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/08/nyregion/coronavirus-connecticut.html">confirms</a> its first case of coronavirus.</li> <li>Number of cases in the United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/08/world/coronavirus-news.html">passes</a> 500.</li> <li>France <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/france-bans-on-gatherings-of-over-1000-people-over-coronavirus-2020-3">bans</a> gatherings of more than one thousand people due to coronavirus concerns.</li> <li>Eight U.S. states <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/what-us-states-have-declared-state-emergency-amid-coronavirus-outbreak-1491299">declare</a> a state of emergency.</li> <li>The U.S. Army <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/08/politics/us-army-coronavirus-south-korea-italy/index.html">suspends</a> travel for soldiers and families to and from South Korea and Italy.</li> <li>Thailand requires travelers from South Korea, China, Iran, and Italy to self-isolate for 14 days.</li> </ul> March 7 <ul> <li>Kansas reports its first coronavirus case.</li> <li>Washington, D.C. reports its first coronavirus case.</li> <li>Maldives <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-maldives/maldives-confirms-first-two-coronavirus-cases-two-islands-locked-down-idUSKBN20U0QP">confirms</a> its first two cases of coronavirus.</li> <li>A Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) attendee tests positive for coronavirus.</li> <li>Brazil, Chile, and Paraguay all announce their first cases of coronavirus.</li> <li>Roughly 5,861 coronavirus tests have ben completed by CDC and U.S. public health labs.</li> <li>New York declares a state of emergency.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/05/asia/china-coronavirus-wildlife-consumption-ban-intl-hnk/index.html">outlaws</a> eating wild animals.</li> </ul> <figure class="m-media m-media--image m-media--large" > <div class="m-media__container"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2021-06/Italy_Timeline_March2020.jpg?itok=y6zuBHzC" width="2600" height="1463" alt="Italian military officers wearing face masks stand outside Duomo cathedral, closed by authorities due to the COVID-19 outbreak." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="m-media__caption"> Military officers wearing face masks stand outside Duomo cathedral, closed by authorities due to a coronavirus outbreak, in Milan, Italy February 24, 2020. REUTERS/Flavio Lo Scalzo TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY </div> </figure> <h2>Week of February 29–March 6: New Outbreaks Increase in Europe and the Americas; More Deaths Outside China; SXSW Festival Cancelled.</h2> March 6 <ul> <li>Number of coronavirus cases hits 100,000 globally.</li> <li>Kentucky <a href="https://www.courier-journal.com/story/life/wellness/health/2020/03/07/coronavirus-kentucky-what-to-know-about-state-confirmed-case/4980123002/">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Oklahoma <a href="https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-06-20-intl-hnk/index.html">announces</a> its first case.</li> <li>Costa Rica <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2020-03-06/costa-rica-confirms-first-coronavirus-case-in-central-america">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>The SXSW festival is <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwipo7KkqLjoAhWolXIEHS3yA3gQFjAAegQIChAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sxsw.com%2F2020-event-update%2F&usg=AOvVaw0G0nKNxsUNXzE22th3cNB8">cancelled</a> amid coronavirus concerns.</li> <li>Colombia <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiP0Oe1qLjoAhVylnIEHZzAC8MQFjAAegQIBBAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2020%2F03%2F06%2Famericas%2Fcolombia-coronavirus-case%2Findex.html&usg=AOvVaw3VFC9PJvrXZSxaKGpoZsAO">reports</a> its first case of coronavirus.</li> <li>CDC urges those over 60-years-old to stay indoors.</li> </ul> March 5 <ul> <li>New Jersey <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-05/cdc-expands-testing-more-infections-in-nyc-suburb-virus-update">reports</a> its first case.</li> <li>The U.S. mortgage rate <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-05/u-s-mortgage-rates-sink-to-a-record-low-on-coronavirus-fears">tumbles</a> to a record low of 3.29 percent.</li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-05/cdc-expands-testing-more-infections-in-nyc-suburb-virus-update">rejects</a> an offer for U.S. humanitarian aid.</li> <li>Maryland <a href="https://governor.maryland.gov/2020/03/05/governor-larry-hogan-declares-state-of-emergency-expands-statewide-response-to-novel-coronavirus/">declares</a> state of emergency.</li> </ul> March 4 <ul> <li>Argentina, Chile, Poland, and Ukraine reported new cases of COVID-19.</li> <li>California <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-04-20-intl-hnk/index.html">declares</a> a state of emergency over coronavirus.</li> <li>Japan reports 33 new infections, their biggest one-day increase.</li> <li>The U.S. House of Representatives passes <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/04/house-coronavirus-funding-121065">$8.3 billion emergency</a> coronavirus bill.</li> </ul> March 3 <ul> <li>Iran temporarily <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi688arhLnoAhVWmXIEHdo3BF4QFjAKegQIBhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-51723398&usg=AOvVaw1PGOedjEhUWOPJQelyoKB-">frees</a> 54,000 prisoners to curb the spread of coronavirus.</li> <li>Ukraine <a href="https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/developing-first-coronavirus-case-identified-in-ukraine.html">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy.</li> <li>China <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-03/03/c_138838575.htm">reports</a> only 125 new cases, seven of which are imported cases from Italy. </li> <li>The U.S. Federal Reserve <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/federal-reserve-cuts-interest-rates-by-half-percentage-point-11583247606?mod=livecoverage_web">cuts</a> its benchmark interest rate by half a percentage point.</li> </ul> March 2 <ul> <li>Andorra <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-andorra-idUSL5N2AR92V">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Indonesia <a href="https://news.trust.org/item/20200302035218-vmg7b">confirms</a> its first cases. </li> <li>Jordan <a href="https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Jordans-Health-Ministry-confirms-countrys-first-coronavirus-case-619504">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Morocco <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2020-03-02/morocco-reports-first-coronavirus-case-health-ministry">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Portugal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-portugal-idUSKBN20P1BB">confirms</a> its first cases, a traveler from Italy.</li> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/saudi-arabia-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus-infection-11583173976">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran.</li> <li>Senegal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-senegal/senegal-confirms-first-coronavirus-case-health-ministry-idUSKBN20P2JX">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from France. </li> <li>Tunisia <a href="https://news.trust.org/item/20200302144359-otpd5/">confirms</a> its first case. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/02/us/coronavirus-washington-state.html">reports</a> four more deaths, all in Washington state. </li> </ul> March 1 <ul> <li>Armenia <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/health/armenia-reports-1st-case-amid-global-coronavirus-spread/1750667">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran. </li> <li>The Czech Republic <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-czech-idUSKBN20O1XK">confirms</a> its first cases, three travelers from Italy. </li> <li>Thailand <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1869104/thailand-records-first-coronavirus-death">reports</a> its first death, a 35-year-old man with dengue fever and COVID-19. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/01/world/coronavirus-news.html">reports</a> its second death, a man in his seventies with underlying health conditions.</li> <li>Florida <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/01/world/coronavirus-news.html">declares</a> a state of emergency. </li> <li>Global death toll <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-03-02-20-intl-hnk/h_0b9ad2a9445609ceb3466b0c5edc5162">surpasses</a> 3,000. </li> </ul> February 29 <ul> <li>Ecuador <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-ecuador-idUSKBN20N0S5">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Spain. </li> <li>Ireland <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-ireland-idUSKBN20N11V">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Luxembourg <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-luxembourg-idUSKBN20N111">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy.</li> <li>Qatar <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/qatar-reports-coronavirus-case-citizen-iran-200229144225648.html">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran. </li> <li>Australia <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/01/dutton-says-extending-travel-ban-not-possible-and-defends-coronavirus-response">reports</a> its first death, an evacuee from the Diamond Princess. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/first-us-coronavirus-death-prompts-new-travel-restrictions-from-trump/2020/02/29/4d492a7c-5b2b-11ea-9b35-def5a027d470_story.html">reports</a> its first death, a man in his fifties with an underlying health condition. </li> <li>Washington state <a href="https://apnews.com/f175d89567a26d59cab27725c9e8a0d7">declares</a> a state of emergency.</li> </ul> <h2>Week of February 22–February 28: Outbreaks Grow in Iran, Italy, and South Korea; Travel Restrictions Increase; Middle East and Europe Grapple With Spread</h2> February 28 <ul> <li>Azerbaijan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-azerbaijan-idUSKCN20M1IR">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran.</li> <li>Belarus <a href="https://news.trust.org/item/20200228045017-cku7f/">confirms</a> its first case, a student from Iran.</li> <li>Iceland <a href="https://grapevine.is/news/2020/02/28/breaking-first-confirmed-case-of-coronavirus-in-iceland/">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Lithuania <a href="https://news.trust.org/item/20200228034039-qr8ow/">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>New Zealand <a href="https://www.health.govt.nz/news-media/media-releases/single-case-covid-19-confirmed-new-zealand">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran. </li> <li>Mexico <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/mexico-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus-11582898181">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Monaco <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-02-28-20-intl-hnk/h_fe13b9299e3273a2735df0497f5ecfdd">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Switzerland <a href="https://www.admin.ch/gov/en/start/documentation/media-releases.msg-id-78289.html">bans</a> all large gatherings over 1,000 people until at least March 15.</li> <li>Mongolia’s president and other government officials <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/02/28/world/asia/28reuters-health-coronavirus-mongolia.html">submit</a> to a 14-day quarantine after returning from a one-day trip to China.</li> </ul> February 27 <ul> <li>Denmark <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-denmark-case-idUSKCN20L0IB">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Estonia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-estonia-case-idUSKCN20L0L6">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran. </li> <li>The Netherlands <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-health-netherlands/update-1-first-dutch-coronavirus-infection-confirmed-health-authorities-idUSL5N2AR9HQ">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy.</li> <li>Nigeria <a href="https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/227/first-case-of-corona-virus-disease-confirmed-in-nigeria">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>San Marino <a href="http://www.iss.sm/on-line/home/articolo49014004.html">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>U.S. and South Korean militaries <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-china-live-updates/2020/02/26/f889693a-580e-11ea-9000-f3cffee23036_story.html">postpone</a> key joint exercises because of the coronavirus. </li> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/hcp/clinical-criteria.html">widens</a> its testing guidelines.</li> <li>Saudi Arabia <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200227-coronavirus-saudi-arabia-ban-pilgrim-mecca-visa-mosque-umrah-muslim">suspends</a> pilgrimage entry visas over coronavirus fears.</li> <li>Iraq <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-iraq/iraq-bans-public-gatherings-on-coronavirus-fear-travel-ban-totals-nine-countries-idUSKCN20K2ZE">bans</a> public gatherings and bars travelers from nine countries, including Bahrain and Kuwait.</li> </ul> February 26 <ul> <li>Brazil <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-brazil/brazil-test-confirms-first-coronavirus-case-in-latin-america-source-idUSKCN20K1EU">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Georgia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-health-georgia/georgia-reports-first-coronavirus-case-in-the-country-health-minister-idUSL5N2AQ7LC">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran. </li> <li>Greece <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-health-greece/update-1-greece-confirms-first-coronavirus-case-idUSL5N2AQ3WD">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy.</li> <li>North Macedonia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-north-macedonia/north-macedonia-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus-idUSKCN20K2G8">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Norway <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-norway/norway-detects-its-first-case-of-coronavirus-idUSKCN20K31G">confirms</a> its first case. </li> <li>Pakistan <a href="https://dailytimes.com.pk/565454/coronavirus-case-confirmed-in-balochistan/">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran. </li> <li>Romania <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-virus-romania/romania-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus-health-minister-idUSKCN20K370">confirms</a> its first case, a man who had close contact with an Italian traveler. </li> <li>Germany’s minister of health <a href="https://apnews.com/230fa2d2e2891ab2ccb6d9c8a5f479bf">announces</a> the country is “at the beginning of an epidemic.”</li> <li>WHO <a href="Iraq%20banned%20public%20gatherings%20and%20barred%20travelers%20from%20nine%20countries,%20including%20Bahrain%20and%20Kuwait.">announces</a> that February 25 was the first day there was more new cases outside of China than within China.</li> <li>U.S. President Donald Trump <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/26/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-cdc.html">names</a> Vice President Mike Pence to lead the U.S. coronavirus response.</li> <li>An American soldier stationed in South Korea <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/american-soldier-contracts-coronavirus-in-south-korea-as-government-struggles-11582706980">becomes</a> the first U.S. service member to contract COVID-19.</li> <li>U.S. Department of State <a href="U.S.%20Department%20of%20State%20issued%20a%20Level%203%20travel%20advisory%20for%20South%20Korea.">issues</a> a Level 3 travel advisory for South Korea. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-mission-briefing-on-covid-19---26-february-2020">briefs</a> on the findings of the WHO-led mission to China.</li> </ul> February 25 <ul> <li>Algeria <a href="https://news.trust.org/item/20200225190135-gnit5/">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy.</li> <li>Austria <a href="https://news.trust.org/item/20200225112432-x2t01/">confirms</a> its first cases, two travelers from Italy. </li> <li>Croatia <a href="https://news.trust.org/item/20200225112131-0826l/">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy.</li> <li>Switzerland <a href="https://www.thelocal.ch/20200225/breaking">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Italy. </li> <li>Iran’s deputy health minister, Iraj Harirchi, <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/irans-deputy-health-minister-contracts-coronavirus-11582639474">tests</a> positive for the coronavirus. Harirchi was leading the task force to limit the virus's expansion and had appeared in public through February 24.</li> <li>Jamaica and the Cayman Islands <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/25/travel/cruise-ship-corona.html">deny</a> another cruise ship, the MSC Meraviglia, permission to dock and disembark passengers.</li> <li>U.S. senators <a href="https://apnews.com/39d9c237bfc75c93016870b00ac6dab8">receive</a> a classified briefing on the Trump administration’s coronavirus response.</li> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/02/25/809318447/health-officials-warn-americans-to-start-planning-for-spread-of-coronavirus-in-united-states">warns</a> that spread to the United States is likely and that people should prepare. </li> <li>San Francisco <a href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/484602-san-francisco-declares-state-of-emergency-over-coronavirus">becomes</a> the first U.S. city to declare a state of emergency over COVID-19.</li> </ul> <h3>February 24</h3> <ul> <li>Afghanistan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-afghanistan-idUSKCN20I0M0">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran. </li> <li>Bahrain <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-health-bahrain-idUSC6N2A401W">confirms</a> its first case, a traveler from Iran.</li> <li>Iraq <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-health-iraq-idUSL5N2AO2K0">confirms</a> its first case, a student from Iran.</li> <li>Kuwait <a href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/gulf/2020/02/24/Kuwait-announces-three-coronavirus-infections.html">confirms</a> its first cases, three travelers from Iran. </li> <li>Oman <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/02/24/world/middleeast/24reuters-china-health-oman.html">confirms</a> its first cases, two travelers from Iran. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/feb/24/coronavirus-live-updates-china-wuhan-hubei-latest-news-italy-lombardy-south-korea-iran-japan-cases-infections-death-toll-outbreak-xi-jinping-update">reports</a> an additional four deaths, raising its total to seven. </li> <li>Stock markets <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/23/business/stock-futures-coronavirus/index.html">plunge</a> after significant increases in confirmed cases and deaths outside of China over the weekend. </li> <li>Chinese officials <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-02/24/c_138814164.htm">postpone</a> the National People’s Congress, the most significant political event in China.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/coronavirus-china-warns-against-travel-to-us-citing-unfair-treatment-in-virus-control">warns</a> its citizens against traveling to the United States, stating that Chinese tourists have faced unfair treatment in the country due to excessive prevention measures. </li> <li>Wuhan officials <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3052142/confusion-wuhan-move-ease-coronavirus-lockdown-reversed">announce</a> visitors trapped in the city may leave, but then promptly reverse the decision. </li> <li>The Trump administration <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa-budget/trump-asking-congress-for-2-5-billion-to-fight-coronavirus-white-house-idUSKCN20J02T?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=Social">s</a><a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Coronavirus-Supplemental-Request-Letter-Final.pdf">ends</a> a budget request to Congress for $2.5 billion to fight COVID-19.</li> <li>U.S. CDC issues a Level 3 travel warning for <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/coronavirus-south-korea">South Korea</a> and Level 2 warnings for <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/coronavirus-iran">Iran</a> and <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/coronavirus-italy">Italy</a>.</li> </ul> February 23 <ul> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200223-iran-reports-highest-coronavirus-death-toll-outside-of-china">reports</a> an additional two deaths, raising its total to eight. </li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/iran-shuts-schools-cultural-centres-coronavirus-kills-200223000740899.html">shuts down</a> schools, universities, and other educational centers in 14 provinces, including in Qom and Tehran.</li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-two-hundred-israelis-quarantine-south-korea-test-coronavirus-1.8565500">extends</a> its entry ban to include Japan and South Korea. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/23/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html">reports</a> two additional deaths, raising its total to six. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/23/coronavirus-south-korea-reports-123-new-cases-and-two-more-deaths">raises</a> its alert level to “red,” the highest level available. </li> <li>The last passenger <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/last-coronavirus-cruise-passenger-departs-ship-but-infection-concerns-linger-11582465570?mod=e2tw">disembarks</a> from the Diamond Princess cruise ship.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/cruises/2020/02/23/coronavirus-quarantine-diamond-princess-third-passenger-dies/4849616002/">reports</a> the third death from the Diamond Princess, but is unclear if the passenger had COVID-19. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/23/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html">reports</a> its third death. </li> <li>Italy <a href="http://www.governo.it/it/articolo/comunicato-stampa-del-consiglio-dei-ministri-n-31/14163">passes</a> emergency measures throughout the country to prevent the spread of COVID-19.  </li> <li><a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200223-iran-neighbours-close-their-borders-as-coronavirus-toll-rises">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-armenia-iran/armenia-seals-iran-border-after-coronavirus-reports-idUSKCN20H0LS">Armenia</a>, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-turkey/turkey-shuts-iran-border-halts-flights-due-to-coronavirus-idUSKCN20H0GH">Turkey</a>, and <a href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/world/2020/02/23/Pakistan-closes-border-with-Iran-over-coronavirus-.html">Pakistan</a> close their borders with Iran. </li> <li>Austria <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-austria-briefly-halts-trains-from-italy-over-covid-19-concerns/a-52493063">halts</a> trains from Italy temporarily over a COVID-19 scare. </li> <li>U.S. CDC issues Level 1 warnings for <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/watch/coronavirus-iran">Iran</a> and <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/watch/coronavirus-italy">Italy</a>. </li> </ul> February 22 <ul> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200222-first-coronavirus-death-in-europe-sends-italian-towns-into-lockdown">reports</a> its second death. </li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/iran-shuts-schools-cultural-centres-coronavirus-kills-200223000740899.html">reports</a> an additional two deaths, raising its total to six. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/22/world/asia/coronavirus-south-korea-iran.html">reports</a> two additional deaths, raising its total to four.  </li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/South-Koreans-refused-entry-to-Israel-over-coronavirus-fears-618419">refuses</a> to permit 130 South Koreans to disembark from a flight from Seoul. </li> <li>U.S. CDC issues a Level 2 travel advisory for <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/coronavirus-japan">Japan</a> and <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/coronavirus-south-korea">South Korea</a>. </li> <li>The WHO-led joint mission <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3051917/who-coronavirus-team-ground-zero-wuhan-work-out-next-containment">arrives</a> in Wuhan, China. </li> <li>The U.S. Department of State issues Level 2 travel advisories (exercise increased caution) for <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories/japan-travel-advisory.html">Japan</a> and <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories/south-korea-travel-advisory.html">South Korea</a>.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/23/coronavirus-woman-on-diamond-princess-cruise-ship-tested-positive-after-disembarking">apologizes</a> for allowing 23 passengers to leave the Diamond Princess without being tested.</li> </ul> <figure class="m-media m-media--image m-media--large" > <div class="m-media__container"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2020-02/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-Weekly-Feb-16-RTS328VS-SIXTEEN-NINE.jpg?itok=1hhWe-pC" width="2600" height="1463" alt="The photo shows a large crowd protesting with lots of picket signs. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="m-media__caption"> Family members during a protest in Karachi, Pakistan on Feb. 16, 2020 hold signs demanding the evacuation of Pakistani students from Wuhan, China who couldn't return after the coronavirus outbreak. REUTERS/Imran Ali </div> </figure> <h2>Week of February 15–February 21: Cruise Ship Cases Rise; Outbreaks in Iran, Italy, and South Korea; More Deaths Outside Mainland China</h2> February 21 <ul> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-51582186">reports</a> its second death.</li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-iran-13/iran-confirms-13-more-coronavirus-cases-two-deaths-health-ministry-idUSKBN20F1GU">reports</a> two additional deaths. </li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200221-northern-italy-towns-order-schools-businesses-shut-over-coronavirus-outbreak">reports</a> its first death. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/coronavirus-hit-japan-limits-large-gatherings-11582282621">suspends</a> major public gatherings to counter the spread of COVID-19.</li> <li>Lebanon <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-lebanon-minister/lebanon-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus-two-more-suspected-idUSKBN20F225">confirms</a> its first case, a woman returning from the Iranian city of Qom.</li> <li>Israel <a href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-first-coronavirus-case-in-israel-cruise-ship-passenger-tests-positive-1.8563011">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/cloneofcloneofcloneofcloneofcloneof2002152244372-200220231446112.html">closes</a> public spaces in 10 Italian towns after <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-health-italy-outbreak/coronavirus-outbreak-grows-in-northern-italy-16-cases-reported-in-one-day-idUSL8N2AL5HI">confirming</a> 16 cases in northern Italy in one day. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/21/health/coronavirus-cases-usa.html">confirms</a> a total of 34 coronavirus cases, including passengers evacuated from the Diamond Princess. </li> <li>The city of Costa Mesa, California, <a href="https://www.latimes.com/socal/daily-pilot/news/story/2020-02-21/costa-mesa-seeks-order-to-keep-fairview-developmental-center-from-being-used-as-coronavirus-quarantine-site">files</a> a restraining order to prevent U.S. federal agencies from housing and quarantining people with COVID-19 at a nearby developmental center. </li> <li>Hubei party secretary Ying Yong <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-hubei-toll-idUSKBN20F1FD">orders</a> all cases removed from official provincial tallies on Thursday due to change in classification mechanisms to be added back to the total tally. </li> <li>Shandong <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3051688/coronavirus-115-new-deaths-confirmed-hubei-officials-report-411">reports</a> an outbreak in Rencheng prison of 200 confirmed cases. </li> </ul> February 20 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20200220_28/">reports</a> two additional deaths, passengers from the Diamond Princess cruise ship. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/two-coronavirus-cruise-ship-passengers-die-in-japan-11582170802">confirms</a> an additional 13 cases aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 634. </li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/coronavirus-all-patients-warded-with-woman-who-has-both-dengue-and-covid-19-also?utm_term=Autofeed&utm_campaign=sttw&utm_medium=social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1582201954">confirms</a> what is believed to be the first patient infected with both dengue and COVID-19. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-china-live-updates/2020/02/20/3159df72-535c-11ea-b119-4faabac6674f_story.html">reports</a> its first death. </li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/02/20/807745305/coronavirus-2-princess-diamond-cruise-ship-passengers-die-after-contracting-covi">reports</a> a doubling of COVID-19 cases in 24 hours.</li> <li>The mayor of Daegu, South Korea <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-china-live-updates/2020/02/20/3159df72-535c-11ea-b119-4faabac6674f_story.html">asks</a> residents in the city to remain inside following a steep increase in cases.</li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/iran-confirms-coronavirus-cases-200220125104907.html">urges</a> people to limit movements in the city of Qom, where there has been four confirmed cases of COVID-19.</li> <li>Kuwait <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-02-20-20-intl-hnk/h_3ada33382dac6e745b1d69103e8f0e7c">suspends</a> all flights of Kuwait Airways to Iran and advises citizens not to travel to Qom.</li> <li>Iraq <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-iraq-borders/iraq-bans-border-crossings-by-iranians-amid-coronavirus-fears-idUSKBN20E2T4">closes</a> its border with Iran. </li> <li>A woman in British Colombia, Canada, <a href="https://www.tricitynews.com/woman-returning-from-iran-is-b-c-s-sixth-case-of-new-coronavirus-1.24080968">tests</a> positive for the coronavirus after returning from Iran. </li> <li>China’s National Health Commission again <a href="https://fortune.com/2020/02/20/china-coronavirus-count-hubei-province/">changes</a> its classification system for cases in Hubei province. The new classification no longer includes clinically confirmed cases in data for confirmed cases of COVID-19.</li> </ul> February 19 <ul> <li>COVID-19 death toll <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3051250/coronavirus-mainland-death-toll-hits-2000-132-more-fatalities">surpasses</a> 2,000. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/3051304/coronavirus-elderly-guests-leave-first-diamond-princess">confirms</a> an additional 79 cases aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 621. </li> <li>Passengers aboard the Princess Diamond <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-51555420">begin to disembark</a> from the ship.</li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-southkorea-cases/south-korea-reports-20-new-coronavirus-cases-church-services-at-center-of-outbreak-idUSKBN20D02O">reports</a> 20 cases in one day, almost all of which are linked to one woman. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-expels-three-wall-street-journal-reporters-11582100355">expels</a> three Wall Street Journal reporters over an opinion piece that referred to China as “the real sick man of Asia.” </li> <li>Iran <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/02/19/world/middleeast/ap-ml-china-outbreak-iran.html">confirms</a> its first and second cases. </li> <li>Iran <a href="https://twitter.com/drjahanpur/status/1230156339185356801?s=20">reports</a> its first and second deaths from COVID-19; the individuals were the two cases announced earlier in the day. </li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/3051312/second-hongkonger-dies-after-becoming-infected">reports</a> its second death from COVID-19.</li> <li>Cambodia <a href="https://www.hollandamerica.com/blog/ships/ms-westerdam/statement-regarding-westerdam-in-japan/">announces</a> that the remaining passengers from the MS Westerdam still in the country tested negative for COVID-19. </li> </ul> February 18 <ul> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/02/18/national/diamond-princess-coronavirus/#.Xkwx6WhKi70">confirms</a> an additional 88 cases aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 542. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/world/russia-central-asia/article/3051240/coronavirus-russia-ban-chinese-citizens-entry">bans</a> all Chinese citizens from entering the country. </li> <li>The 346 Americans evacuated from Wuhan <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/02/18/806985225/coronavirus-updates-hospital-director-in-wuhan-dies-of-covid-19">complete</a> their quarantine at two military bases in California.</li> <li>U.S. CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/s0218-update-diamond-princess.html">issues</a> a statement on the Diamond Princess quarantine, preventing all passengers and crew of the ship from returning to the United States for at least 14 days after leaving Diamond Princess. </li> <li>Liu Zhiming, director of the Wuchang hospital in Wuhan, China, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/17/asia/coronavirus-covid-19-update-intl-hnk/index.html">dies</a> from the COVID-19. </li> <li>Chinese state media <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/17/asia/coronavirus-covid-19-update-intl-hnk/index.html">announces</a> that doctors and nurses who die while trying to contain the outbreak will be officially designated as “martyrs.”</li> </ul> February 17 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200217-sitrep-28-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=a19cf2ad_2">announces</a> it will report all confirmed cases, including both laboratory-confirmed cases and clinically diagnosed cases.</li> <li>Apple <a href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/02/investor-update-on-quarterly-guidance/">warns</a> investors that the company does not expect to meet the revenue guidance for the upcoming March quarter due to the impact of the COVID-19. </li> <li>Chinese state media <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3050966/china-postpones-years-biggest-political-gathering-amid">reports</a> that China’s annual parliamentary meeting, originally scheduled for early March, will likely be delayed. </li> <li>Armed robbers in Hong Kong <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-and-crime/article/3050907/armed-gang-steals-hk1000-toilet-paper-coronavirus">steal</a> HK$1,600 worth of toilet paper as COVID-19 has sparked panicked-buying of essential goods in Hong Kong. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/3051012/coronavirus-99-more-cases-diamond-princess-cruise-ship-japan-us">confirms</a> an additional 99 cases aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 454.</li> <li>Evacuated U.S. passengers from the cruise ship Diamond Princess <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/fourteen-americans-headed-home-from-coronavirus-cruise-ship-test-positive-11581931972?safesearch=off">arrive</a> in the United States, including 14 with confirmed infections.</li> </ul> February 16 <ul> <li>Taiwan <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/16/taiwan-reports-first-death-from-coronavirus">reports</a> the fifth death outside of mainland China.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/backstories/878/">warns</a> that it has entered a “new phase” of the COVID-19 outbreak. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/02/16/806470340/americans-evacuate-diamond-princess-cruise-ship-amid-spread-of-infection">confirms</a> an additional 70 cases aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 355. </li> <li>The WHO-led expert team <a href="https://twitter.com/DrTedros/status/1229065658735964161?s=20">arrives</a> in Beijing.</li> </ul> February 15 <ul> <li>France <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/15/world/europe/france-coronarivus-death.html">reports</a> the fourth death outside of mainland China. </li> <li>WHO Director General <a href="https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/munich-security-conference">addresses</a> the Munich Security Conference about COVID-19, warning that the pathogen has pandemic potential. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/us-to-evacuate-americans-from-cruise-ship-and-put-them-in-14-days-quarantine/2020/02/15/8b05eadc-4fc1-11ea-a4ab-9f389ce8ad30_story.html">confirms</a> an additional 67 cases aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 285.</li> <li>Lockdowns and travel restrictions <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/15/business/china-coronavirus-lockdown.html">extend</a> to more than 760 million people in China. </li> <li>The Guangzhou branch of China’s central bank, the People’s Bank of China, <a href="https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1179654.shtml">announces</a> that all used banknotes from hospitals, wet markets, and buses will be destroyed to combat COVID-19. </li> <li>An American passenger from the MS Westerdam <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/16/world/asia/coronavirus-cruise-americans.html">tests</a> positive for COVID-19 in Malaysia after passengers had disembarked from the cruise ship in Cambodia. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-to-evacuate-some-americans-from-diamond-princess-cruise-ship-11581733214?mod=e2tw">announces</a> plans to evacuate nearly four hundred Americans quarantined on the Diamond Princess cruise ship; passengers who test positive for COVID-19 will be treated in Japan. </li> </ul> <figure class="m-media m-media--image m-media--large" > <div class="m-media__container"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2020-02/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-2.12.20-CruiseShip-SIXTEEN-NINE.jpg?itok=P7_DzSu6" width="2600" height="1463" alt="The photo shows a massive luxury cruise ship off in the distance, in a photo presumably taken from shore. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="m-media__caption"> The MS Westerdam cruise ship seen on Feb. 13, 2020 near a port in Sihanoukville, Cambodia where it was granted permission to dock after nearly two weeks at sea and being turned away by five countries. REUTERS/Soe Zeya Tun. </div> </figure> <h2>Week of February 8–February 14: Death Toll Surpasses That of SARS; WHO-led Team Heads for China; Cruise Ship Cases Surpass 100</h2> February 14 <ul> <li>Hubei <a href="http://en.nhc.gov.cn/2020-02/14/c_76552.htm">revises</a> numbers released on February 13, due to double counting.</li> <li>Egypt <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/egypt-confirms-coronavirus-case-africa-200214190840134.html">confirms</a> its first case, the first case confirmed on the African continent. </li> <li>Beijing <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-beijing/chinas-capital-beijing-imposes-14-day-quarantine-on-arrivals-idUSKBN2081W7">announced</a> that everyone returning to the city would be required to isolate themselves for 14 days.</li> <li>Singapore's Prime Minister <a href="https://www.facebook.com/leehsienloong/videos/2387600621344289/?__tn__=-R">warns</a> that the coronavirus might lead to a recession.</li> <li>Passengers and crew aboard the MS Westerdam <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/02/14/805923028/cruise-ship-passengers-disembark-after-being-stranded-at-sea-over-virus-fears">disembark</a> in Cambodia. </li> <li>Confirmed virus-free passengers and passengers aged over 80-years-old who test negative for the virus <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-02-14-20-intl-hnk/h_0db8a12e51c479ba5e3f4a3fb9b2eb10">are allowed</a> to disembark from the Princess Diamond cruise ship. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/02/13/world/asia/ap-as-china-outbreak.html">announces</a> that more than 1,700 health workers in mainland China have become infected.</li> </ul> February 13 <ul> <li>U.S. CDC Director <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/13/health/coronavirus-cdc-robert-redfield-gupta-intv/index.html">says</a> that the coronavirus will likely become a community virus and remain beyond this season. </li> <li>United States <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/s0213-15th-coronavirus-case.html">confirms</a> a total of 15 cases of the coronavirus. </li> <li>Hubei’s reported cases <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3050354/coronavirus-hubei-province-reports-sharp-spike-new-confirmed#click=https://t.co/T0JjCI1hrB">increase</a> almost tenfold and deaths more than double following a change in diagnostic criteria. </li> <li>EU health ministers <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-eu-health-ministers-meet-as-deaths-mount-live-updates/a-52362168">convene</a> in Brussels for an emergency health meeting on how to prevent COVID-19 from spreading in Europe. </li> <li>Cambodia <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3050361/westerdam-cruise-ship-arrives-cambodia-after-five">allows</a> the MS Westerdam cruise ship to dock. </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-ousts-top-official-in-coronavirus-outbreaks-epicenter-11581568911">dismisses</a> top party officials in Hubei province. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/02/13/national/coronavirus-diamond-princess/">confirms</a> an additional 44 cases aboard Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 218.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/13/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html">reports</a> the third death outside of mainland China. </li> <li>Vietnam <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/02/13/world/asia/13reuters-china-health-vietnam.html">quarantines</a> a community of ten-thousand people near Hanoi. </li> </ul> February 12 <ul> <li>United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/12/health/coronavirus-test-kits-cdc.html">confirms</a> its fourteenth case.</li> <li>Some U.S. states <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/12/health/coronavirus-test-kits-cdc.html">find</a> testing kits distributed by CDC deliver “inconclusive” results. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-china-live-updates/2020/02/11/2b8de3ba-4c5c-11ea-b721-9f4cdc90bc1c_story.html">confirms</a> an additional 39 cases aboard Diamond Princess cruise ship, raising the total to 174. </li> <li>Cambodia <a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/wuhan-coronavirus-covid-19-westerdam-ship-dock-cambodia-12427660">agrees</a> to let the cruise ship MS Westerdam dock and disembark. </li> <li>Guangzhou and Shenzhen <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3050092/two-chinas-biggest-cities-given-power-seize-private-property">are given</a> the power to requisition private property to fight the coronavirus. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/events/detail/2020/02/11/default-calendar/global-research-and-innovation-forum-to-mobilize-international-action-in-response-to-the-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)-emergency">hosts</a> the second of a two-day global research and innovation forum on the coronavirus. </li> </ul> February 11 <ul> <li>The death toll for the coronavirus surpasses 1,000.</li> <li>Two senior Hubei provincial health commission officials <a href="https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-02-11/Hubei-removes-two-senior-officials-of-provincial-health-commission-NZnaLB74UE/index.html">are removed</a> from their posts. </li> <li>Thailand <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1855184/thailand-reports-1-new-case-of-coronavirus-brings-total-to-33">denies</a> the cruise ship MS Westerdam from docking in its ports. The ship has already been denied entry in Guam, Japan, the Philippines, and Taiwan. </li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/events/detail/2020/02/11/default-calendar/global-research-and-innovation-forum-to-mobilize-international-action-in-response-to-the-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)-emergency">hosts</a> the first of a two-day global research and innovation forum on the coronavirus. </li> <li>The first group of Americans evacuated from Wuhan <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/10/us/coronavirus-american-evacuees-release/index.html">are released</a> from quarantine.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200211-sitrep-22-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=fb6d49b1_2">names</a> the disease COVID-19, short for “coronavirus disease 2019.” </li> </ul> February 10 <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/s0210-coronavirus-new-us-case.html">confirms</a> its thirteenth case. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-china-live-updates/2020/02/10/67115416-4b9a-11ea-bf44-f5043eb3918a_story.html">confirms</a> an additional 65 people aboard the Diamond Princess are infected with the coronavirus, raising the total to 135.</li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/secretary-of-state-makes-new-regulations-on-coronavirus">declares</a> that the coronavirus constitutes a serious and imminent threat to public health.</li> <li>Some Chinese citizens <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/10/business/china-companies-return-to-work-coronavirus/index.html">return</a> to work, but many major companies <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/holiday-ends-workers-stay-home-china-battles-coronavirus-200210075144059.html">have asked</a> employees to stay home.</li> <li>The Trump administration <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-02-10-20-intl-hnk/h_3e6957b38dd51cbb62b0d55c07b8a42a">releases</a> a budget proposal for FY21 that would sharply cut funding for WHO and global health funding. </li> <li>An advance team of WHO experts <a href="https://twitter.com/DrTedros/status/1226938367922900999?s=20">lands</a> in China. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/02/10/russia-quarantines-chinese-diplomat-as-coronavirus-precaution-interfax-a69224">quarantines</a> a Chinese diplomat as a supposed safety precaution. </li> </ul> February 9 <ul> <li>The death toll from the novel coronavirus <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/09/world/asia/coronavirus-china.html#link-28cece0e">surpasses</a> the toll from the SARS epidemic of 2002–3.  </li> <li>China <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/02/09/china-allocates-10bn-contain-coronavirus-death-toll-outstrips/">allocates</a> more than $10 billion USD to fight the coronavirus. </li> <li>The Chinese Ambassador to the United States Cui Tiankai <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/transcript-cui-tiankai-on-face-the-nation-february-9-2020/">addresses</a> rumors about the origin of the coronavirus on U.S. television.</li> <li>An advance team for the WHO-led 2019-nCoV international expert mission <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-who-team/who-advance-team-on-coronavirus-on-way-to-china-tedros-tweet-idUSKBN2030QX">departs</a> for China.</li> </ul> February 8 <ul> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/02/08/804130735/whos-tedros-china-has-agreed-to-allow-international-team-probe-coronavirus">announces</a> a team of experts has been assembled, and they are intended to arrive in China within a week. </li> <li>Chinese President Xi Jinping <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-02/10/c_138771195.htm">visits</a> hospitals and treatment centers in Beijing. </li> <li>Wuhan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-hospital/chinas-wuhan-opens-another-makeshift-hospital-to-fight-virus-idUSKBN20209Z">opens</a> a second new hospital to fight the coronavirus. </li> <li>China’s National Health Commission <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-02-09-20-intl-hnk/h_38c750758363ebbb5e87c06e5a0b91c5">gives</a> the coronavirus a temporary name, Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia or NCP. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/02/08/national/science-health/japanese-first-death-coronavirus/#.XkDP5FJKi1s">confirms</a> a Japanese citizen died in Wuhan from the coronavirus. </li> </ul> <figure class="m-media m-media--image m-media--large" > <div class="m-media__container"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2020-02/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-HospitalDone-SIXTEEN-NINE.jpg?itok=OMZNYWwk" width="2600" height="1463" alt=" The photo shows an aerial view of a sprawling low-rise complex. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="m-media__caption"> Outbreak and response: an aerial view shows the newly completed Huoshenshan Hospital on Feb 2, 2020. This dedicated hospital was built in eight days to treat people with coronavirus in Wuhan, China. REUTERS/China Daily </div> </figure> <h2>Week of February 1–February 7: First Deaths Outside China; Coordinated G7 Response; Chinese Stock Markets Plunge</h2> February 7 <ul> <li>Li Wenliang, one of the eight whistleblower doctors in Wuhan, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/06/asia/li-wenliang-coronavirus-whistleblower-doctor-dies-intl/index.html">dies</a> from the coronavirus.</li> <li>Chinese social media is <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/07/business/china-coronavirus-doctor-death.html?smid=tw-nytimes&smtyp=cur">flooded</a> with grief and anger over the passing of Li Wenliang. </li> <li>Presidents Donald J. Trump and Xi Jinping <a href="https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1225728755248828416?s=20">speak</a> about the coronavirus, with President Trump praising China’s efforts and pledging U.S. support. </li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-51409800">confirms</a> an additional 21 cases aboard the cruise ship, including the <a href="https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-51414110">first person</a> from Latin America to be infected with the coronavirus. </li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-singapore/singapore-raises-coronavirus-alert-to-sars-level-as-new-cases-show-spread-idUSKBN20111X">raises</a> its virus alert to orange (the same level given to SARS and H1N1), sparking panicked purchases of essentials across the island. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.state.gov/the-united-states-announces-assistance-to-combat-the-novel-coronavirus/">pledges</a> $100 million USD to assisting China and other countries fight the coronavirus. </li> </ul> February 6 <ul> <li>An American citizen with the coronavirus <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/02/08/804048544/american-with-coronavirus-dies-at-hospital-near-center-of-epidemic">dies</a> in Wuhan, becoming the first known American death from the outbreak.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/02/06/national/science-health/japan-10-more-coronavirus-cases-quarantined-cruise-ship/#.XjwsyWhKi70">confirms</a> an additional 10 cases of the coronavirus on the cruise ship. </li> <li>Taiwan <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-02-06-20-intl-hnk/index.html">extends</a> its travel advisory to those coming from Macau and Hong Kong.</li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/russia-blocks-opec-response-to-coronavirus-11580992799">rejects</a> a Saudi-led effort to deepen OPEC’s oil production cuts in response to the coronavirus. </li> <li>Chinese authorities <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/06/world/asia/coronavirus-china-wuhan-quarantine.html">order</a> Wuhan officials to carry out house-to-house searches and house all infected individuals in quarantine centers.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/06-02-2020-who-to-accelerate-research-and-innovation-for-new-coronavirus">convenes</a> a global research and innovation forum to accelerate research and action on the coronavirus. </li> </ul> February 5 <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/coronavirus-flights-wuhan.html">completes</a> a second round of evacuations from Wuhan. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/news/releases/020520.htm">confirms</a> its twelfth case.</li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/wuhan-coronavirus-hong-kong-quarantine-mainland-china-visitors-12396568">announces</a> a mandatory two-week quarantine for anyone arriving from mainland China and has <a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/wuhan-virus-hong-kong-carrie-lam-suspension-border-crossings-12386054">suspended</a> 10 out of 13 boarder crossing with mainland China.</li> <li>Japan <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/02/10-people-quarantined-ship-japan-confirmed-coronavirus-200205024647309.html">confirms</a> 10 cases of the coronavirus on a cruise ship with nearly 4,000 passengers and crew and announces the ship will be quarantined for two weeks. </li> <li>CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/s0205-china-passengers.html">announces</a> several planes carrying passengers from Wuhan, China, will arrive in California, Texas, and Nebraska. </li> <li>CDC <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-china-live-updates/2020/02/05/114ced8a-479c-11ea-bc78-8a18f7afcee7_story.html">begins</a> shipping diagnostic test kits to more than a hundred labs in the United States.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/05-02-2020-us-675-million-needed-for-new-coronavirus-preparedness-and-response-global-plan">launches</a> a $675 million <a href="https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/srp-04022020.pdf">preparedness and response plan</a> for February through April 2020 to prevent the further spread of the coronavirus and protect states with weaker health systems. </li> <li>An infant <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3049011/coronavirus-death-toll-jumps-65-479-chinas-hubei-province">tests</a> positive for the coronavirus just 30 hours after birth, raising concerns of vertical transmission. </li> <li>U.S. Peace Corps <a href="https://www.peacecorps.gov/news/library/peace-corps-china-volunteers-evacuated-safely/">evacuates</a> all volunteers out of China. </li> </ul> <ul> </ul> February 4 <ul> <li>Belgium <a href="https://www.brusselstimes.com/all-news/belgium-all-news/93361/first-case-of-coronavirus-confirmed-in-belgium/">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/02/04/802533379/first-death-in-hong-kong-from-coronavirus">reports</a> the second death outside of mainland China.</li> <li>Taiwan <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-02-04-20/index.html">announces</a> a ban on foreign nationals who have been to China in past 14 days.</li> <li>The <a href="https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/china">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/conseils-aux-voyageurs/conseils-par-pays-destination/chine/">France</a> advise against all but essential travel to mainland China.</li> <li>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-significant-step-coronavirus-response-efforts-issues-emergency-use-authorization-first">issues</a> an emergency use authorization for CDC’s diagnostic test.</li> <li>U.S. President Donald J. Trump <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/politics/state-of-union-transcript.html">pledges</a> to safeguard Americans from the coronavirus in his State of the Union address.</li> </ul> February 3 <ul> <li>Chinese stock markets <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/02/03/coronavirus-markets-stock-china/">plunge</a> on the first trading day after the Lunar New Year. </li> <li>The first U.S. coronavirus patient is <a href="https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/feb/3/1st-us-coronavirus-patient-released-providence-reg/">discharged</a> from the hospital. </li> <li>Ministries of health from Group of Seven (G7) countries <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-g7-countries-agree-to-coordinate-response-live-updates/a-52238408">agree</a> to coordinate their responses to the outbreak. </li> <li>Germany’s public health agency <a href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/paper-non-symptomatic-patient-transmitting-coronavirus-wrong">refutes</a> information in an earlier study that supposedly proved asymptomatic transmission of the coronavirus in Germany. </li> </ul> February 2 <ul> <li>United States confirms its <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/coronavirus-usa-news-public-health-emergency-death-toll-2020-02-02/">ninth</a>, <a href="https://hhsa.cosb.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Two-cases-of-2019-Novel-Coronavirus-2019-nCoV02022020HAVFinal.pdf">tenth, and eleventh</a> cases. </li> <li>Construction on a new hospital in Wuhan is <a href="http://english.cctv.com/2020/02/03/ARTI6QzkQ4M0lTOgJZqYjLUp200203.shtml?spm=C69523.P89571092934.S85147.2">completed</a> within 10 days. </li> <li>Wuhan <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/02/world/asia/china-coronavirus-wuhan.html">tightens</a> quarantine efforts, targeting anyone who has had close contact with confirmed carriers of the virus and people with pneumonia-like symptoms. </li> </ul> February 1 <ul> <li>United States <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/01/us/coronavirus-us-massachusetts/index.html">confirms</a> its eighth case. </li> <li>The Philippines <a href="https://www.doh.gov.ph/press-release/DOH-reveals-more-negative-2019-nCoV-cases-confirms-first-nCoV-ARD-death-in-PH?fbclid=IwAR19gEIAXIhpEfyjOFOEfblGXW_2yqu1nNchzcgSfrNbkz4EIWK7yJPlR5c">reports</a> the first death outside of mainland China. </li> <li>China’s Ministry of Agriculture <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/health-birdflu-china/china-reports-h5n1-bird-flu-outbreak-in-hunan-province-idUSL4N2A10GC">reports</a> another disease outbreak: a new bird flu. </li> <li>Wenzhou <a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/china-shuts-down-city-of-wenzhou-far-from-virus-epicentre">becomes</a> the first city outside of Hubei province to  implement “special measures” to restrict travel, businesses, and public gatherings.</li> </ul> <figure class="m-media m-media--image m-media--large" > <div class="m-media__container"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-Weekly-RTS300FY-SIXTEEN-NINE.jpg?itok=6cDw6zBJ" width="2600" height="1463" alt="Photo shows a plane touching down in the distance from behind a security fence. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="m-media__caption"> Photo of the Week: A plane sent by U.S. State Department to evacuate Americans from threat of Coronavirus in Wuhan, China arrives at March Air Reserve Base in Riverside County, Calif. on Jan 29, 2020. REUTERS/Mike Blake </div> </figure> <h2>Week of January 25–January 31: First Cases Appear in Many More Countries; Travel Bans Spread</h2> January 31 <ul> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/01/31/russia-reports-first-coronavirus-cases-a69123">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Italy <a href="https://www.thelocal.it/20200131/italy-suspends-all-china-flights-after-coronavirus-cases-confirmed-in-rome">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>The United Kingdom <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/uk-confirms-coronavirus-cases-200131100102626.html">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/31/world/asia/coronavirus-china.html">announces</a> a sweeping ban on Chinese visitors and all those who had visited China within the past 14 days.</li> <li>Mongolia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-mongolia/mongolia-closes-border-to-china-until-march-2-to-stop-virus-idUSKBN1ZU0VH">closes</a> its border with China. </li> </ul> January 30 <ul> <li>India <a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1601095">confirms</a> first first case.</li> <li>The Philippines <a href="https://www.doh.gov.ph/doh-press-release/doh-confirms-first-2019-nCoV-case-in-the-country">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/p0130-coronavirus-spread.html">confirms</a> its sixth case, the first known person-to-person transmission of the coronavirus in the country.</li> <li>WHO <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/30-01-2020-statement-on-the-second-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)">declares</a> the coronavirus outbreak is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). </li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2001468?query=featured_coronavirus">finds</a> evidence of asymptomatic transmission of the coronavirus. </li> <li>The United States <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories/china-travel-advisory.html">issues</a> a Level 4 travel advisory for all of China. </li> <li>Russia <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-01-30-20-intl-hnk/index.html">closes</a> its border with China. </li> </ul> <h3>January 29       </h3> <ul> <li>United Arab Emirates <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/uae-confirms-cases-coronavirus-200129063305587.html">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Finland <a href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/finlands_first_coronavirus_case_confirmed_in_lapland/11182855">confirms </a>its first case.</li> <li>Several other airlines in North America, Europe, and Asia <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/29/business/british-airways-coronavirus/index.html">suspend</a> flights to China.</li> <li>A new study in the <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316?query=featured_coronavirus">New England Journal of Medicine</a> finds evidence of human-to-human transmission as early as mid-December in Wuhan. Germany’s public health agency <a href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/paper-non-symptomatic-patient-transmitting-coronavirus-wrong">refutes</a> information a week later.</li> <li>The <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/29/health/us-coronavirus-evacuation-wednesday/index.html">United States</a> and <a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-01-28-20-intl-hnk/h_350ed8d5eff4b84a92e5b5ba88dc2611?utm_source=twCNNi&utm_term=link&utm_medium=social&utm_content=2020-01-29T00%3A32%3A20">Japan</a> are the first countries to evacuate citizens from Wuhan. </li> </ul> January 28       <ul> <li>China announces it will admit a WHO team of experts to aid with research and response.</li> <li><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-china-travel-to-be-reduced-significantly-due-to-coronavirus-11580205806">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="https://www.montsame.mn/en/read/214111">Mongolia</a> announce partial closures of their borders with mainland China.</li> <li><a href="https://www.cnn.com/asia/live-news/coronavirus-outbreak-01-28-20-intl-hnk/h_350ed8d5eff4b84a92e5b5ba88dc2611?utm_source=twCNNi&utm_term=link&utm_medium=social&utm_content=2020-01-29T00%3A32%3A20">Japan</a> and the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/29/world/asia/coronavirus-china.html#link-25d70df9">United States</a> evacuate their nationals from Wuhan. </li> <li>United Airlines <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/28/business/united-airlines-china-flight-cancellations/index.html">suspends</a> all flights to China from the United States. </li> </ul> January 27 <ul> <li>Wuhan <a href="https://twitter.com/globaltimesnews/status/1221596687795245057?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1221596687795245057&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Flive%2F2020%2Fjan%2F27%2Fcoronavirus-china-death-toll-climbs-to-80-with-more-than-2700-cases-live-updates">suspends</a> customs entry and exit services in the city until Thursday. </li> <li>Cambodia <a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/1844884/cambodia-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Sri Lanka <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-china-sri-lanka/sri-lanka-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus-health-official-idUSKBN1ZQ1WF">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Germany <a href="https://www.stmgp.bayern.de/presse/bestaetigter-coronavirus-fall-in-bayern-infektionsschutzmassnahmen-laufen/">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Wuhan mayor <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/27/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html#link-15538d14">offers</a> to resign.</li> <li>United States <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-vice-president-pence-white-house-initiative-asian-americans-pacific-islanders-lunar-new-year-celebration/">extends</a> screening to twenty airports.</li> </ul> January 26 <ul> <li>China <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/china-bans-wild-animal-trade-until-coronavirus-epidemic-eliminated/2020/01/26/0e05a964-4017-11ea-971f-4ce4f94494b4_story.html">bans</a> the trade of wild animals throughout the country, including in markets and online.</li> <li>United States <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/26/us/coronavirus-orange-county/index.html">confirms</a> fourth and fifth cases in Los Angeles and Arizona.</li> </ul> January 25 <ul> <li>Australia <a href="https://www.health.gov.au/news/chief-medical-officers-update-at-25-january-2020-on-novel-coronavirus-0">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Canada <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/canadian-health-authorities-report-presumptive-case-of-coronavirus-11579998212">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>United States <a href="https://mailchi.mp/ochca/novelcoronavirus">confirms</a> its third case, a man in his fifties in Orange County, California.</li> <li>First medical professional who had treated people with the coronavirus <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-doctor/doctor-at-hospital-in-chinas-hubei-province-dies-from-coronavirus-state-media-idUSKBN1ZO04P">dies</a> from the virus.</li> </ul> <figure class="m-media m-media--image m-media--large" > <div class="m-media__container"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-Weekly-Jan25-RTX7C3RB-SIXTEEN-NINE.jpg?itok=WT-P5u0y" width="2600" height="1462" alt="Picture shows a field from a high shot, presumably taken from a plane, with a field cleared of groundcover and dozens of land moving machines busy working. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="m-media__caption"> Excavators and bulldozers at a construction site on the outskirts of Wuhan, China on Jan. 24, 2020, where a new hospital is being built to treat people with coronavirus, following the city's lockdown. REUTERS/cnsphoto </div> </figure> <h2>Week of January 18–January 24: First Cases Appear in United States and Europe; The Closing of Wuhan</h2> January 24 <ul> <li>Chinese <a href="http://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/zl/szkb_11803/jszl_11809/202001/t20200124_211411.html">CDC</a> confirms 830 cases in mainland China and 25 deaths, with the first death occurring outside of Hubei province in Hebei.</li> <li>The Chinese province of Heilongjiang <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2020-01/24/c_1125499465.htm">confirms</a> an additional death, raising the death count to 26.</li> <li>Nepal <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-nepal/nepal-confirms-first-case-of-new-coronavirus-idUSKBN1ZN1S2">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Vietnam <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/3047463/china-coronavirus-japan-confirms-second-case-health-ministry">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>France <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200124-france-confirms-first-two-cases-of-wuhan-coronavirus-china-bordeaux-paris">confirms</a> its first and second cases.</li> <li>The United States <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/p0124-second-travel-coronavirus.html">confirms</a> its second case, a woman in her sixties in Chicago.</li> <li>Malaysia <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-malaysia/malaysia-confirms-first-cases-of-coronavirus-infection-idUSKBN1ZO065">confirms</a> its first case. </li> <li>China extends travel restrictions or quarantines to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/24/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html">twelve</a> cities.</li> <li>Wuhan construction crews are working on <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-hospital/chinas-wuhan-to-build-second-designated-hospital-to-treat-coronavirus-patients-state-media-idUSKBN1ZO0C4">two</a> hospitals to treat patients of the outbreak; the first is to be completed on February 3, and the second in early February.</li> </ul> January 23 <ul> <li>Chinese <a href="http://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/zl/szkb_11803/jszl_11809/202001/t20200123_211380.html">CDC</a> confirms 571 cases in mainland China and 17 deaths.</li> <li>China extends travel restrictions or quarantines to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/23/world/asia/china-coronavirus.html">five</a> cities.</li> <li>WHO meets again and <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/23-01-2020-statement-on-the-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)">decides</a> not to declare the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).</li> <li>Singapore <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/3047549/china-coronavirus-hong-kong-reports-66-more">confirms</a> its first case.</li> </ul> January 22 <ul> <li>North Korea <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/21/world/asia/coronavirus-china-north-korea-tourism-ban.html">closes</a> its borders to all foreign tourists to prevent the spread of the coronavirus.</li> <li>Chinese officials confirm the virus may <a href="http://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/zl/szkb_11803/jszl_11813/202001/t20200122_211341.html">mutate</a>.</li> <li>Chinese CDC <a href="http://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/zl/szkb_11803/jszl_11809/202001/t20200122_211376.html">confirms</a> a total of 440 cases in mainland China and nine deaths.</li> <li>Macau <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/3047140/china-coronavirus-macau-reports-first-case-new">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>The World Health Organization (WHO) meets to discuss whether to declare the outbreak an international health emergency.</li> </ul> January 21 <ul> <li>United States <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/21/health/cdc-coronavirus.html">confirms</a> its first case in Washington state, a man who traveled to the Wuhan area.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/21/asia/china-china-coronavirus-sars-intl-hnk/index.html">confirms</a> two additional deaths, a 66-year-old man and a 48-year-old woman</li> <li>New cases are announced in China, including in Beijing, Shenzhen, and Shanghai.</li> <li>Chinese state media raises number of confirmed cases to 291 and confirms 15 medical workers in Wuhan have been diagnosed with pneumonia.</li> <li>Hong Kong <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/3047549/china-coronavirus-hong-kong-reports-66-more">confirms</a> its first case, a person in their thirties. </li> <li>Taiwan <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-pneumonia-taiwan/taiwan-confirms-first-case-of-infection-from-new-coronavirus-idUSKBN1ZK0ZP">confirms</a> its first case, a woman in her fifties. </li> </ul> January 20 <ul> <li>China’s CDC <a href="http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s7916/202001/44a3b8245e8049d2837a4f27529cd386.shtml">announces</a> the coronavirus is categorized as a Class B infectious disease, but states that the agency is adopting Class A measures to prevent and control the virus.</li> <li>China <a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/wuhan-pneumonia-virus-coronavirus-china-deaths-12294100">confirms</a> its fourth death from coronavirus, an 89-year-old man.</li> <li>South Korea <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-pneumonia-south-korea/south-korea-confirms-first-case-of-new-coronavirus-in-chinese-visitor-idUSKBN1ZJ0C4">confirms</a> its first case.</li> <li>Chinese state TV confirms the human-to-human transmission of the disease.</li> </ul> January 18 <ul> <li>A third person <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Virus-outbreak/China-confirms-third-death-as-new-virus-spreads-to-more-cities">dies</a> from the coronavirus.</li> </ul> <figure class="m-media m-media--image m-media--large" > <div class="m-media__container"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/2020-01/SK.JB-CoV-Timeline-1.29.20-Weekly-Jan17-RTS2Z4BB-SIXTEEN-NINE.jpg?itok=zHrXOWkC" width="2600" height="1462" alt="The photo shows a business district street with an officer in front of a shuttered marketplace. Picture taken January 10, 2020." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="m-media__caption"> A police officer wearing a mask stands in front of the closed seafood market in Wuhan, China on January 10, 2020. The market is linked to the coronavirus outbreak. REUTERS/Stringer </div> </figure> EDITOR'S NOTE: The authors would like to thank Madeleine DeVita, Shuhab Elhag, Bayan Galal, Yousof Omeish, Priyanka Sethy, Kailey Shanks, and Serena Tohme for their work on this timeline.  <div class="m-author-bio"> Caroline Kantis is associate editor for Think Global Health at the Council on Foreign Relations. Samantha Kiernan is a Schwarzman Scholar at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.  Jason Socrates Bardi is the former deputy managing editor for Think Global Health, in the David Rockefeller Studies Program at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). Lillian Posner is a research associate for Think Global Health at the Council on Foreign Relations. Isabella Turilli is a graduate student in international relations at Oxford University, where she is a Rhodes Scholar. </div> <ul class="m-tags"> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/coronavirus" data-analytics-tag-click>Coronavirus</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/viral-diseases" data-analytics-tag-click>Viral Diseases</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/china" data-analytics-tag-click>China</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/asia" data-analytics-tag-click>Asia</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/united-states" data-analytics-tag-click>United States</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/europe" data-analytics-tag-click>Europe</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/africa" data-analytics-tag-click>Africa</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/animals" data-analytics-tag-click>Animals</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/world-health-organization" data-analytics-tag-click>World Health Organization</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/emergency-response" data-analytics-tag-click>Emergency Response</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/preparedness" data-analytics-tag-click>Preparedness</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/international-health-regulations" data-analytics-tag-click>International Health Regulations</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/covid-19" data-analytics-tag-click>COVID-19</a></li> <li><a class="a-tag" href="/tag/covid-19-pandemics" data-analytics-tag-click>COVID-19 Pandemics</a></li> </ul> <ul class="m-social" data-behavior="share"> <li> <button data-social-sharing-facebook class="a-icon-btn"> Share on Facebook <svg class="icon--facebook" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#icon--facebook"></use> </svg> </button> </li> <li> <button data-social-sharing-twitter class="a-icon-btn"> Share on X <svg class="icon icon-twitter" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="19px" height="19px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="enable-background:new 0 0 24 24;" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M14.095479,10.316482L22.286354,1h-1.940718l-7.115352,8.087682L7.551414,1H1l8.589488,12.231093L1,23h1.940717 l7.509372-8.542861L16.448587,23H23L14.095479,10.316482z M11.436522,13.338465l-0.871624-1.218704l-6.924311-9.68815h2.981339 l5.58978,7.82155l0.867949,1.218704l7.26506,10.166271h-2.981339L11.436522,13.338465z" class="icon-fill" fill="none"/></svg> </button> </li> <li> <button data-social-sharing-linkedin class="a-icon-btn"> Share on LinkedIn <svg class="icon--linkedin" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#icon--linkedin"></use> </svg> </button> </li> <li> <button data-social-sharing-permalink class="a-icon-btn"> Copy link <svg class="icon--link" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#icon--link"></use> </svg> </button> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="o-article-body__sidebar" data-behavior="analytics"> <div class="m-article__aside-container"> <div class="m-newsletter"> <div class="m-newsletter__step-1"> <div class="m-newsletter__content"> <div class="m-newsletter__image-container"> <img src="/themes/custom/cfrglobalhealth/dist/images/newsletter2.png" alt="Newsletter image" class="m-newsletter__image"/> </div> <div class="m-newsletter__description">Sign up for our weekly newsletter to stay up to date. </div> </div> <form class="m-newsletter__form" id="newsletter-article-form" data-behavior="newsletterArticleForm"> <div class="m-newsletter__form-container"> <input type="hidden" name="st_list_id" value="ST_TGH"/> <label class="sr-only" for="newsletterArticleEmail">Your email</label> <input name="email" type="email" id="newsletterArticleEmail" class="m-newsletter__form-input" placeholder="Your email" required/> <button class="m-newsletter__form-submit">Submit</button> </div> <div class="m-newsletter__recaptcha" id="recaptcha-article-newsletter"></div> </form> </div> <div class="m-newsletter__step-2 s-hide"> <div class="m-newsletter__content"> <div class="m-newsletter__image-container"> <img src="/themes/custom/cfrglobalhealth/dist/images/newsletter2.png" alt="Newsletter image" class="m-newsletter__image"/> </div> <div class="m-newsletter__description m-newsletter__thank-you"> Thank you for signing up! 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