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M. Witmark & Sons - Wikipedia
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Witmark & Sons</b> was a leading <a href="/wiki/Publisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Publisher">publisher</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sheet_music" title="Sheet music">sheet music</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> "<a href="/wiki/Tin_Pan_Alley" title="Tin Pan Alley">Tin Pan Alley</a>" <a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">music industry</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_fairest_of_flowers_(NYPL_Hades-446492-1152948).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/The_fairest_of_flowers_%28NYPL_Hades-446492-1152948%29.jpg/282px-The_fairest_of_flowers_%28NYPL_Hades-446492-1152948%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="282" height="363" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/The_fairest_of_flowers_%28NYPL_Hades-446492-1152948%29.jpg/423px-The_fairest_of_flowers_%28NYPL_Hades-446492-1152948%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/The_fairest_of_flowers_%28NYPL_Hades-446492-1152948%29.jpg/564px-The_fairest_of_flowers_%28NYPL_Hades-446492-1152948%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3201" data-file-height="4122" /></a><figcaption>A piece of music published by Witmark and Sons in 1890.</figcaption></figure> <p>The firm of Marcus Witmark & Sons was established in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> in 1886. The father, Marcus Witmark, was the legal head of the company; but from the beginning it was run by his sons Isidore, Julius, and Jay, who were under legal age when the company started (ranging in age from 17 to 14 years old). They started out publishing their own compositions. They were adept at <i><a href="/wiki/Song-plugger" class="mw-redirect" title="Song-plugger">plugging</a></i> songs, and within a few years were publishing the works of such composers as <a href="/wiki/Victor_Herbert" title="Victor Herbert">Victor Herbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_M._Cohan" title="George M. Cohan">George M. Cohan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Harney" title="Ben Harney">Ben Harney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pauline_B._Story" title="Pauline B. Story">Pauline B. Story</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Walter_Bratton" class="mw-redirect" title="John Walter Bratton">John Walter Bratton</a>. </p><p>Witmark originated the practice of giving free "professional copies" of their new music to famous and established singers and bands, which proved so successful an advertising method that it was copied by the rest of the music publishers. </p><p>When the International <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">Copyright</a> Law was passed in 1891, Witmark pioneered publishing versions of <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> music in the United States and arranging for American hits to be published in the UK. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Witmark_%26_Sons&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" style="border:1px solid #A3B1BF; color: black; background-color: white;"> <tbody><tr valign="bottom" style="text-align:center"> <td colspan="5" style="color: white; background:#29527A"><b>Witmark Family</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="bottom" style="text-align:center"> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#ffffee"><b>Relationship</b> </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#ffffee"><b>Name</b> </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#ffffee"><b>Birth</b> </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#ffffee"><b>Death</b> </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#ffffee"><b>Notes</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center"> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#EAEEF2">Father </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#EAEEF2">Marcus<br />Witmark </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#EAEEF2">1834<br /><a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a> </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#EAEEF2">Mar. 29, 1910<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%" style="background-color:#EAEEF2">Married Peyser Oct. 4, 1866 </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EEF8FC"> <td width="20%">Mother </td> <td width="20%">Hennrietta Witmark<br /><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%C3%A9e" class="extiw" title="wikt:née">née</a></i> Peyser </td> <td width="20%">1840<br /><a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a> </td> <td width="20%">Dec. 14, 1906<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EAEEF2"> <td width="20%">Son </td> <td width="20%">Isidore<br />Witmark </td> <td width="20%">1870<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%">Apr. 19, 1941<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EEF8FC"> <td width="20%">Son </td> <td width="20%">Julius ("Julie") Peyser<br />Witmark </td> <td width="20%">1871<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%">June 14, 1929<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EAEEF2"> <td width="20%">Son </td> <td width="20%">Jacob ("Jay")<br />Witmark </td> <td width="20%">Mar. 31, 1872<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%">Feb. 1950<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%">One of the nine founding members<br />of <a href="/wiki/ASCAP" class="mw-redirect" title="ASCAP">ASCAP</a> in 1914 </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EEF8FC"> <td width="20%">Son </td> <td width="20%">Frank Morris<br />Witmark </td> <td width="20%">1875<br />Manhattan<sup id="cite_ref-Rehrig_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rehrig-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td width="20%">Aug 3, 1948<br /><a href="/wiki/Weehawken,_NJ" class="mw-redirect" title="Weehawken, NJ">Weehawken, NJ</a> </td> <td width="20%"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EAEEF2"> <td width="20%">Son </td> <td width="20%">Edward<br />Witmark </td> <td width="20%">1877<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%"> </td> <td width="20%"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EEF8FC"> <td width="20%">Daughter </td> <td width="20%">Frances Klein (Mrs. Joseph A. Klein) <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%C3%A9e" class="extiw" title="wikt:née">née</a></i> Witmark </td> <td width="20%">1874<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%">1957<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%">Married Klein Jan. 11, 1905<br />Manhattan </td></tr> <tr valign="center" style="text-align:center; background-color:#EAEEF2"> <td width="20%">Son </td> <td width="20%">Adolph S.<br />Witmark </td> <td width="20%">1882<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%">July 15, 1926<br />Manhattan </td> <td width="20%"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession_of_ownership">Succession of ownership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Witmark_%26_Sons&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Succession of ownership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Tams-Witmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tams-Witmark">Tams-Witmark</a></b> </p> <dl><dd>In 1922, Sargent Aborn (1867–1956), brother of Milton Aborn (1864–1933), both of the <a href="/wiki/Aborn_Opera_Company" title="Aborn Opera Company">Aborn Opera Company</a>, acquired the Arthur W. Tams (1848–1927) music library,<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_Theatre_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_Theatre-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a collection that had become the largest circulating music library in the world — and by extension, Witmark's biggest competitor in the music-rental field. In January of 1925, M. Witmark & Sons acquired the music Tams library, ending 30 years of intense rivalry. The combined <a href="/wiki/Tams-Witmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tams-Witmark">Tams-Witmark</a> library, operating as the Tam-Witmark Music Library Inc. (a New York corporation) secured its position as the largest source of musical-comedy and operatic music for amateur and professional productions.<sup id="cite_ref-Sanjek_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sanjek-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sargent Aborn was president of <a href="/wiki/Tams-Witmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tams-Witmark">Tams-Witmark</a> from its founding until his death in 1957. In 1942, Sargent Aborn and his son, Louis Henry Aborn (1912–2005), acquired the rights to the Tams Library. As of 2014, the co-chairmen were Robert Aborn Hut (born 1935) and Sargent Louis Aborn (born 1948) and the executive vice-president was Peter Aborn Hut (born 1940). All three are grandchildren of Sargent Aborn. Tams-Witmark was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Concord_(entertainment_company)" title="Concord (entertainment company)">Concord</a> in 2018.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>In the 1960s, <a href="/wiki/Tams-Witmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tams-Witmark">Tams-Witmark</a> donated several lots of its old inventory to the special collections of five libraries known for music research: the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Eastman_School_of_Music" title="Eastman School of Music">Eastman School of Music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Choir_College" title="Westminster Choir College">Westminster Choir College</a>, and the largest part of its inventory to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>, through the initiative of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Center_for_Film_and_Theater_Research" title="Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research">Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_School_of_Music" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Music">School of Music</a>.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>The consolidation of Tams and Witmark mostly affected operatic music and musical theatre. It did not affect the separate concern of M. Witmark & Sons, music publishers, who continued publishing popular and classical music.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTs_1925_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTs_1925-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a></b> </p> <dl><dd>In 1929, M. Witmark was purchased by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a><sup id="cite_ref-Goldberg_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldberg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Warner Bros. merged its music publishing companies (which included Witmark, <a href="/wiki/Jerome_H._Remick" title="Jerome H. Remick">Remick</a>, and <a href="/wiki/T.B._Harms_%26_Francis,_Day_%26_Hunter,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="T.B. Harms & Francis, Day & Hunter, Inc.">Harms</a>) into one company, Warner Bros. Music (now <a href="/wiki/Warner/Chappell_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner/Chappell Music">Warner/Chappell Music</a>).</dd></dl> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Music" title="Alfred Music">Alfred Music</a></b> </p> <dl><dd>In 2005, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Music" title="Alfred Music">Alfred Music</a> purchased Warner Bros. Publications — acquiring the publishing rights to <a href="/wiki/Warner/Chappell_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner/Chappell Music">Warner/Chappell Music</a> and the <a href="/wiki/EMI_Music_Publishing" title="EMI Music Publishing">EMI Music Publishing</a> Catalogue Partnership. Through this deal, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Music" title="Alfred Music">Alfred Music</a> gained the print rights of publishers that include M. Witmark & Sons, <a href="/wiki/Jerome_H._Remick" title="Jerome H. Remick">Remick Music Corp.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/T.B._Harms_%26_Francis,_Day_%26_Hunter,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="T.B. Harms & Francis, Day & Hunter, Inc.">T.B. Harms, Inc.</a> Among the EMI holdings are the Robbins and <a href="/wiki/Leo_Feist" title="Leo Feist">Leo Feist</a> catalogs, plus film music from <a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a>, <a href="/wiki/MGM" class="mw-redirect" title="MGM">MGM</a>, and <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Century Fox">20th Century Fox</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Witmark_%26_Sons&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_popular_music" title="American popular music">American popular music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tams-Witmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tams-Witmark">Tams-Witmark</a></li></ul> <p><b>Competitor music publishing firms in Tin Pan Alley</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Feist" title="Leo Feist">Leo Feist</a>, Inc. – 231 W 40th St, New York, NY</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T.B._Harms_%26_Francis,_Day_%26_Hunter,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="T.B. Harms & Francis, Day & Hunter, Inc.">T.B. Harms & Francis, Day & Hunter, Inc.</a> – 62 W. 45th St., New York, NY</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapiro,_Bernstein_%26_Co.,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Shapiro, Bernstein & Co., Inc.">Shapiro, Bernstein & Co., Inc.</a> – 218 W. 47th St., New York, NY</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watterson,_Berlin_%26_Snyder,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Watterson, Berlin & Snyder, Inc.">Watterson, Berlin & Snyder, Inc.</a> – 1571 Broadway, New York, NY (sold in bankruptcy to Mills Music in 1929)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Witmark_%26_Sons&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rehrig-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rehrig_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Heritage Encyclopedia of Band Music: Composers and Their Music</i> (Witmark in Vol. 3 of 3), by William H. Rehrig, <a href="/wiki/Westerville,_OH" class="mw-redirect" title="Westerville, OH">Westerville, OH</a>: Integrity Press (1991); <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24606813">24606813</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford_Theatre-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_Theatre_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DiI1wIyatvUC&q=aborn&pg=PA604">The Oxford Companion to American Theatre</a></i>, 3rd ed., by Thomas S. Hischak, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> (2004), pg. 4; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53138731">53138731</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sanjek-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sanjek_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EzVesnkLEtUC&pg=PA101">American Popular Music and Its Business: The First Four Hundred Years — Volume 3: From 1900 to 1984</a>,</i> by <a href="/wiki/David_Sanjek" title="David Sanjek">Russell Sanjek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> (1988), pg. 101; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16228327">16228327</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTs_1925-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTs_1925_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2011/New%20York%20NY%20Times/New%20York%20NY%20Times%201925%20Grayscale/New%20York%20NY%20Times%201925%20Grayscale%20-%200586.pdf">"Music Libraries End 30-Year War"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i> pg. E5, January 11, 1925</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goldberg-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Goldberg_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Story of the House of Witmark: From Ragtime to Swingtime</i>, Isidore Witmark & Isaac Goldberg, New York: Lee Furman, Inc., New York (1939); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1988112">1988112</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Witmark_%26_Sons&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:M._Witmark_%26_Sons" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:M. 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Witmark & Sons</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" 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Witmark & Sons"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/1f6cf1e2-5428-4706-9880-5bc4690ae0d2">MusicBrainz label</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7649cfcddd‐qh8l5 Cached time: 20241127121100 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.216 seconds Real time usage: 0.544 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 753/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12046/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1022/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 21412/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.138/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1954808/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 228.513 1 -total 44.72% 102.184 1 Template:Authority_control 29.55% 67.520 1 Template:Reflist 22.62% 51.687 2 Template:Sister_project 22.58% 51.604 1 Template:Commons_category 21.92% 50.094 2 Template:Side_box 20.07% 45.852 4 Template:OCLC 19.15% 43.755 4 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 10.51% 24.012 2 Template:If_then_show 3.05% 6.969 1 Template:Wikisource_publisher --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:246146:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241127121100 and revision id 1211535098. 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