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tube</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: shock tube"> <meta name="keywords" content="shock tube"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="shock tube"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1041</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: shock tube</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1041</span> Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Blast Pressure on Discrete Model in Shock Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aldin%20Justin%20Sundararaj">Aldin Justin Sundararaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Austin%20Lord%20Tennyson"> Austin Lord Tennyson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Divya%20Jose"> Divya Jose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Subash"> A. N. Subash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Blast waves are generated due to the explosions of high energy materials. An explosion yielding a blast wave has the potential to cause severe damage to buildings and its personnel. In order to understand the physics of effects of blast pressure on buildings, studies in the shock tube on generic configurations are carried out at various pressures on discrete models. The strength of shock wave is systematically varied by using different driver gases and diaphragm thickness. The basic material of the diaphragm is Aluminum. To simulate the effect of shock waves on discrete models a shock tube was used. Generic models selected for this study are suitably scaled cylinder, cone and cubical blocks. The experiments were carried out with 2mm diaphragm with burst pressure ranging from 28 to 31 bar. Numerical analysis was carried out over these discrete models. A 3D model of shock-tube with different discrete models inside the tube was used for CFD computation. It was found that cone has dissipated most of the shock pressure compared to cylinder and cubical block. The robustness and the accuracy of the numerical model were validation with the analytical and experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20wave" title="shock wave">shock wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blast%20wave" title=" blast wave"> blast wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20models" title=" discrete models"> discrete models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20tube" title=" shock tube"> shock tube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58116/numerical-investigation-of-the-effect-of-blast-pressure-on-discrete-model-in-shock-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1040</span> Influences of Separation of the Boundary Layer in the Reservoir Pressure in the Shock Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruno%20Coelho%20Lima">Bruno Coelho Lima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joao%20F.A.%20Martos"> Joao F.A. Martos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulo%20G.%20P.%20Toro"> Paulo G. P. Toro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israel%20S.%20Rego"> Israel S. Rego</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The shock tube is a ground-facility widely used in aerospace and aeronautics science and technology for studies on gas dynamic and chemical-physical processes in gases at high-temperature, explosions and dynamic calibration of pressure sensors. A shock tube in its simplest form is comprised of two separate tubes of equal cross-section by a diaphragm. The diaphragm function is to separate the two reservoirs at different pressures. The reservoir containing high pressure is called the Driver, the low pressure reservoir is called Driven. When the diaphragm is broken by pressure difference, a normal shock wave and non-stationary (named Incident Shock Wave) will be formed in the same place of diaphragm and will get around toward the closed end of Driven. When this shock wave reaches the closer end of the Driven section will be completely reflected. Now, the shock wave will interact with the boundary layer that was created by the induced flow by incident shock wave passage. The interaction between boundary layer and shock wave force the separation of the boundary layer. The aim of this paper is to make an analysis of influences of separation of the boundary layer in the reservoir pressure in the shock tube. A comparison among CDF (Computational Fluids Dynamics), experiments test and analytical analysis were performed. For the analytical analysis, some routines in Python was created, in the numerical simulations (Computational Fluids Dynamics) was used the Ansys Fluent, and the experimental tests were used T1 shock tube located in IEAv (Institute of Advanced Studies). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer%20separation" title="boundary layer separation">boundary layer separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20shock%20wave" title=" moving shock wave"> moving shock wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20tube" title=" shock tube"> shock tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20simulation" title=" transient simulation"> transient simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59608/influences-of-separation-of-the-boundary-layer-in-the-reservoir-pressure-in-the-shock-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1039</span> Investigation of Ignition Delay for Low Molecular Hydrocarbon Fuel and Oxygen Mixture behind the Reflected Shock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20R.%20Guna">K. R. Guna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aldin%20Justin%20Sundararaj"> Aldin Justin Sundararaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20C.%20Pillai"> B. C. Pillai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Subash"> A. N. Subash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A systematic study has been made for ignition delay times measurement behind a reflected shock wave for the low molecular weight hydrocarbon fuel in argon simulated gas mixtures. The low molecular hydrocarbon fuel–oxygen was diluted with argon for desired concentration is taken for the study. The suitability of the shock tube for measuring the ignition delay time is demonstrated by measuring the ignition delay for the liquefied petroleum gas for equivalence ratios (ф=0.5 & 1) in the temperature range 1150-1650 K. The pressure range was fixed from 5-15 bar. The ignition delay was measured by recording the ignition-induced pressure jump and emission from CH radical simultaneously. From conducting experiments, it was found that the ignition delay time for liquefied petroleum gas reduces with increase in temperature. The shock tube was calibrated for ethane-oxygen gas mixture and the results obtained from this study is compared with the earlier reported values and found to be comparably well suited for the measurement of ignition delay times. The above work was carried out using the shock tube facility at propulsion and high enthalpy laboratory, Karunya University. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignition%20delay" title="ignition delay">ignition delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPG" title=" LPG"> LPG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflected%20shock" title=" reflected shock"> reflected shock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20wave" title=" shock wave"> shock wave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58522/investigation-of-ignition-delay-for-low-molecular-hydrocarbon-fuel-and-oxygen-mixture-behind-the-reflected-shock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1038</span> The Effect of Degraded Shock Absorbers on the Safety-Critical Stationary and Non-Stationary Lateral Dynamics of Passenger Cars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Schramm">Tobias Schramm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCnther%20Prokop"> Günther Prokop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The average age of passenger cars is rising steadily around the world. Older vehicles are more sensitive to the degradation of chassis components. A higher age and a higher mileage of passenger cars correlate with an increased failure rate of vehicle shock absorbers. The most common degradation mechanism of vehicle shock absorbers is the loss of oil and gas. It is not yet fully understood how the loss of oil and gas in twin-tube shock absorbers affects the lateral dynamics of passenger cars. The aim of this work is to estimate the effect of degraded twin-tube shock absorbers of passenger cars on their safety-critical lateral dynamics. A characteristic curve-based five-mass full vehicle model and a semi-physical phenomenological shock absorber model were set up, parameterized and validated. The shock absorber model is able to reproduce the damping characteristics of vehicle twin-tube shock absorbers with oil and gas loss for various excitations. The full vehicle model was used to simulate stationary cornering and steering wheel angle step maneuvers on road classes A to D. The simulations were carried out in a realistic parameter space in order to demonstrate the influence of various vehicle characteristics on the effect of degraded shock absorbers. As a result, it was shown that degraded shock absorbers have a negative effect on the understeer gradient of vehicles. For stationary lateral dynamics, degraded shock absorbers for high road excitations reduce the maximum lateral accelerations. Degraded rear axle shock absorbers can change the understeer gradient of a vehicle in the direction of oversteer. Degraded shock absorbers also lead to increased rolling angles. Furthermore, degraded shock absorbers have a major impact on driving stability during steering wheel angle steps. Degraded rear axle shock absorbers, in particular, can lead to unstable handling. Especially the tire stiffness, the unsprung mass and the stabilizer stiffness influence the effect of degraded shock absorbers on the lateral dynamics of passenger cars. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20dynamics" title="driving dynamics">driving dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title=" road safety"> road safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20absorber%20degradation" title=" shock absorber degradation"> shock absorber degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stationary%20and%20nonstationary%20lateral%20dynamics." title=" stationary and nonstationary lateral dynamics."> stationary and nonstationary lateral dynamics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194638/the-effect-of-degraded-shock-absorbers-on-the-safety-critical-stationary-and-non-stationary-lateral-dynamics-of-passenger-cars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1037</span> Numerical Analysis of Supersonic Impinging Jets onto Resonance Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shinji%20Sato">Shinji Sato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20A.%20Alam"> M. M. A. Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manabu%20Takao"> Manabu Takao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent, investigation of an unsteady flow inside the resonance tube have become a strongly motivated research field for their potential application as high-frequency actuators. By generating a shock wave inside the resonance tube, a high temperature and pressure can be achieved inside the tube, and this high temperature can also be used to ignite a jet engine. In the present research, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was carried out to investigate the flow inside the resonance tube. The density-based solver of rhoCentralFoam in OpenFOAM was used to numerically simulate the flow. The supersonic jet that was driven by a cylindrical nozzle with a nominal exit diameter of φd = 20.3 mm impinged onto the resonance tube. The jet pressure ratio was varied between 2.6 and 7.8. The gap s between the nozzle exit and tube entrance was changed between 1.5d and 3.0d. The diameter and length of the tube were taken as D = 1.25d and L=3.0D, respectively. As a result, when a supersonic jet has impinged onto the resonance tube, a compression wave was found generating inside the tube and propagating towards the tube end wall. This wave train resulted in a rise in the end wall gas temperature and pressure. While, in an outflow phase, the gas near tube enwall was found cooling back isentropically to its initial temperature. Thus, the compression waves repeated a reciprocating motion in the tube like a piston, and a fluctuation in the end wall pressures and temperatures were observed. A significant change was found in the end wall pressures and temperatures with a change of jet flow conditions. In this study, the highest temperature was confirmed at a jet pressure ratio of 4.2 and a gap of s=2.0d <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressible%20flow" title="compressible flow">compressible flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OpenFOAM" title=" OpenFOAM"> OpenFOAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillations" title=" oscillations"> oscillations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=a%20resonance%20tube" title=" a resonance tube"> a resonance tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shockwave" title=" shockwave"> shockwave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98109/numerical-analysis-of-supersonic-impinging-jets-onto-resonance-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1036</span> CFD Study for Normal and Rifled Tube with a Convergence Check</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharfi%20Dirar">Sharfi Dirar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shihab%20Elhaj"> Shihab Elhaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20El%20Fatih"> Ahmed El Fatih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computational fluid dynamics were used to simulate and study the heated water boiler tube for both normal and rifled tube with a refinement of the mesh to check the convergence. The operation condition was taken from GARRI power station and used in a boundary condition accordingly. The result indicates the rifled tube has higher heat transfer efficiency than the normal tube. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boiler%20tube" title="boiler tube">boiler tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20check" title=" convergence check"> convergence check</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20tube" title=" normal tube"> normal tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rifled%20tube" title=" rifled tube"> rifled tube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37253/cfd-study-for-normal-and-rifled-tube-with-a-convergence-check" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1035</span> Design of Tube Expanders with Groove Shapes to Reduce Deformation of Tube Inner Grooves in Copper Tube Expansion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Sin">I. Sin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Kim"> H. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Park"> S. Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fin-tube heat exchangers have grooves inside tubes to improve heat exchange performance. However, during the tube expansion process, heat exchange efficiency is decreased due to large deformation of tube inner grooves. Therefore, the objective of this study is to design a tube expander with groove shapes on its outer surface to minimize deformation of the inner grooves in copper tube expansion for fin-tube heat exchangers. In order to achieve this goal, first, we have tried to calculate tube inner groove deformation by the currently used tube expander without groove shapes on its surface. The tube inner groove deformation was acquired by elastoplastic finite element analysis from the boundary conditions with one tube end fixed and friction between the tube and tube expander (friction coefficient: 0.15). The tube expansion process was simulated by inserting the tube expander into the tube with a speed of 90 mm/s. The analysis results showed that tube inner groove heights were decreased by approximately 8 % from 0.15 mm to 0.138 mm with stress concentrations observed at the groove end, consistent with experimental results. Based on the current results, we are trying to design a novel shape of the tube expander with grooves to further reduce deformation tube inner grooves in copper tube expansion. For this, we will select major design variables of tube expander groove shapes by conducting sensitivity analysis and then optimize the design variables using the Taguchi method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tube%20expansion" title="tube expansion">tube expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tube%20expander" title=" tube expander"> tube expander</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title=" finite element"> finite element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60394/design-of-tube-expanders-with-groove-shapes-to-reduce-deformation-of-tube-inner-grooves-in-copper-tube-expansion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1034</span> Simulative Study of the Influence of Degraded Twin-Tube Shock Absorbers on the Lateral Forces of Vehicle Axles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Schramm">Tobias Schramm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCnther%20Prokop"> Günther Prokop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Degraded vehicle shock absorbers represent a risk for road safety. The exact effect of degraded vehicle dampers on road safety is still the subject of research. This work is intended to contribute to estimating the effect of degraded twin-tube dampers of passenger cars on road safety. An axle model was built using a damper model to simulate different degradation levels. To parameterize the model, a realistic parameter space was estimated based on test rig measurements and database analyses, which is intended to represent the vehicle field in Germany. Within the parameter space, simulations of the axle model were carried out, which calculated the transmittable lateral forces of the various axle configurations as a function of vehicle speed, road surface, damper conditions and axle parameters. A degraded damper has the greatest effect on the transmittable lateral forces at high speeds and in poor road conditions. If a vehicle is traveling at a speed of 100 kph on a Class D road, a degraded damper reduces the transmissible lateral forces of an axle by 20 % on average. For individual parameter configurations, this value can rise to 50 %. The axle parameters that most influence the effect of a degraded damper are the vertical stiffness of the tire, the unsprung mass and the stabilizer stiffness of the axle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20dynamics" title="vehicle dynamics">vehicle dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20simulation" title=" vehicle simulation"> vehicle simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20component%20degradation" title=" vehicle component degradation"> vehicle component degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20absorber%20model" title=" shock absorber model"> shock absorber model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20absorber%20degradation" title=" shock absorber degradation"> shock absorber degradation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154108/simulative-study-of-the-influence-of-degraded-twin-tube-shock-absorbers-on-the-lateral-forces-of-vehicle-axles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1033</span> Numerical Study of Flow around Flat Tube between Parallel Walls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Bayat">Hamidreza Bayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Mirabdolah%20Lavasani"> Arash Mirabdolah Lavasani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meysam%20Bolhasani"> Meysam Bolhasani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajad%20Moosavi"> Sajad Moosavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flow around a flat tube is studied numerically. Reynolds number is defined base on equivalent circular tube and it is varied in range of 100 to 300. Equations are solved by using finite volume method and results are presented in form of drag and lift coefficient. Results show that drag coefficient of flat tube is up to 66% lower than circular tube with equivalent diameter. In addition, by increasing l/D from 1 to 2, the drag coefficient of flat tube is decreased about 14-27%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminar%20flow" title="laminar flow">laminar flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flat-tube" title=" flat-tube"> flat-tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drag%20coefficient" title=" drag coefficient"> drag coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-flow" title=" cross-flow"> cross-flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14593/numerical-study-of-flow-around-flat-tube-between-parallel-walls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1032</span> Desktop High-Speed Aerodynamics by Shallow Water Analogy in a Tin Box for Engineering Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Etsuo%20Morishita">Etsuo Morishita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we show shallow water in a tin box as an analogous simulation tool for high-speed aerodynamics education and research. It is customary that we use a water tank to create shallow water flow. While a flow in a water tank is not necessarily uniform and is sometimes wavy, we can visualize a clear supercritical flow even when we move a body manually in stationary water in a simple shallow tin box. We can visualize a blunt shock wave around a moving circular cylinder together with a shock pattern around a diamond airfoil. Another interesting analogous experiment is a hydrodynamic shock tube with water and tea. We observe the contact surface clearly due to color difference of the two liquids those are invisible in the real gas dynamics experiment. We first revisit the similarities between high-speed aerodynamics and shallow water hydraulics. Several educational and research experiments are then introduced for engineering students. Shallow water experiments in a tin box simulate properly the high-speed flows. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerodynamics%20compressible%20flow" title="aerodynamics compressible flow">aerodynamics compressible flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20dynamics" title=" gas dynamics"> gas dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulics" title=" hydraulics"> hydraulics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20wave" title=" shock wave"> shock wave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68545/desktop-high-speed-aerodynamics-by-shallow-water-analogy-in-a-tin-box-for-engineering-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68545.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1031</span> The Effect of Degraded Shock Absorbers on the Safety-Critical Tipping and Rolling Behaviour of Passenger Cars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Schramm">Tobias Schramm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCnther%20Prokop"> Günther Prokop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Germany, the number of road fatalities has been falling since 2010 at a more moderate rate than before. At the same time, the average age of all registered passenger cars in Germany is rising continuously. Studies show that there is a correlation between the age and mileage of passenger cars and the degradation of their chassis components. Various studies show that degraded shock absorbers increase the braking distance of passenger cars and have a negative impact on driving stability. The exact effect of degraded vehicle shock absorbers on road safety is still the subject of research. A shock absorber examination as part of the periodic technical inspection is only mandatory in very few countries. In Germany, there is as yet no requirement for such a shock absorber examination. More comprehensive findings on the effect of degraded shock absorbers on the safety-critical driving dynamics of passenger cars can provide further arguments for the introduction of mandatory shock absorber testing as part of the periodic technical inspection. The specific effect chains of untripped rollover accidents are also still the subject of research. However, current research results show that the high proportion of sport utility vehicles in the vehicle field significantly increases the probability of untripped rollover accidents. The aim of this work is to estimate the effect of degraded twin-tube shock absorbers on the safety-critical tipping and rolling behaviour of passenger cars, which can lead to untripped rollover accidents. A characteristic curve-based five-mass full vehicle model and a semi-physical phenomenological shock absorber model were set up, parameterized and validated. The shock absorber model is able to reproduce the damping characteristics of vehicle twin-tube shock absorbers with oil and gas loss for various excitations. The full vehicle model was validated with steering wheel angle sinus sweep driving maneuvers. The model was then used to simulate steering wheel angle sine and fishhook maneuvers, which investigate the safety-critical tipping and rolling behavior of passenger cars. The simulations were carried out in a realistic parameter space in order to demonstrate the effect of various vehicle characteristics on the effect of degraded shock absorbers. As a result, it was shown that degraded shock absorbers have a negative effect on the tipping and rolling behavior of all passenger cars. Shock absorber degradation leads to a significant increase in the observed roll angles, particularly in the range of the roll natural frequency. This superelevation has a negative effect on the wheel load distribution during the driving maneuvers investigated. In particular, the height of the vehicle's center of gravity and the stabilizer stiffness of the vehicles has a major influence on the effect of degraded shock absorbers on the overturning and rolling behaviour of passenger cars. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title="numerical simulation">numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety-critical%20driving%20dynamics" title=" safety-critical driving dynamics"> safety-critical driving dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suspension%20degradation" title=" suspension degradation"> suspension degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tipping%20and%20rolling%20behavior%20of%20passenger%20cars" title=" tipping and rolling behavior of passenger cars"> tipping and rolling behavior of passenger cars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20shock%20absorber" title=" vehicle shock absorber"> vehicle shock absorber</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194629/the-effect-of-degraded-shock-absorbers-on-the-safety-critical-tipping-and-rolling-behaviour-of-passenger-cars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1030</span> Numerical Investigation of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of a Flat Tube in Cross-Flow of Air</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Bayat">Hamidreza Bayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Mirabdolah%20Lavasani"> Arash Mirabdolah Lavasani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meysam%20Bolhasani"> Meysam Bolhasani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajad%20Moosavi"> Sajad Moosavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat transfer from flat tube is studied numerically. Reynolds number is defined base on equivalent circular tube which is varied in range of 100 to 300. In these range of Reynolds number flow is considered to be laminar, unsteady, and incompressible. Equations are solved by using finite volume method. Results show that increasing l/D from 1 to 2 has insignificant effect on heat transfer and Nusselt number of flat tube is slightly lower than circular tube. However, thermal-hydraulic performance of flat tube is up to 2.7 times greater than circular tube. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminar%20flow" title="laminar flow">laminar flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flat%20tube" title=" flat tube"> flat tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20heat%20transfer" title=" convective heat transfer"> convective heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14592/numerical-investigation-of-thermal-hydraulic-performance-of-a-flat-tube-in-cross-flow-of-air" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1029</span> Ultimate Stress of the Steel Tube in Circular Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Stub Columns Subjected to Axial Compression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siqi%20Lin">Siqi Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yangang%20Zhao"> Yangang Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concrete-filled steel tube column achieves the excellent performance of high strength, stiffness, and ductility due to the confinement from the steel tube. Well understanding the stress of the steel tube is important to make clear the confinement effect. In this paper, the ultimate stress of the steel tube in circular concrete-filled steel tube columns subjected to axial compression was studied. Experimental tests were conducted to investigate the effects of the parameters, including concrete strength, steel strength, and D/t ratio, on the ultimate stress of the steel tube. The stress of the steel tube was determined by employing the Prandtl-Reuss flow rule associated with isotropic strain hardening. Results indicate that the stress of steel tube was influenced by the parameters. Specimen with higher strength ratio fy/fc and smaller D/t ratio generally leads to a higher utilization efficiency of the steel tube. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete-filled%20steel%20tube" title="concrete-filled steel tube">concrete-filled steel tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20compression" title=" axial compression"> axial compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultimate%20stress" title=" ultimate stress"> ultimate stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilization%20efficiency" title=" utilization efficiency"> utilization efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71468/ultimate-stress-of-the-steel-tube-in-circular-concrete-filled-steel-tube-stub-columns-subjected-to-axial-compression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71468.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1028</span> Study on Bending Characteristics of Square Tube Using Energy Absorption Part</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shigeyuki%20Haruyama">Shigeyuki Haruyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zefry%20Darmawan"> Zefry Darmawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Kaminishi"> Ken Kaminishi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the square tube subjected to the bending load, the rigidity of the entire square tube is reduced when a collapse occurs due to local stress concentration. Therefore, in this research, the influence of bending load on the square tube with attached energy absorbing part was examined and reported. The analysis was conducted by using Finite Element Method (FEM) to produced bending deflection and buckling points. Energy absorption was compared from rigidity of attached part and square tube body. Buckling point was influenced by the rigidity of attached part and the thickness rate of square tube. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20absorber" title="energy absorber">energy absorber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=square%20tube" title=" square tube"> square tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending" title=" bending"> bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rigidity" title=" rigidity"> rigidity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64216/study-on-bending-characteristics-of-square-tube-using-energy-absorption-part" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64216.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1027</span> The Research of Reliability of MEMS Device under Thermal Shock Test in Space Mission</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Ziyu">Liu Ziyu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gao%20Yongfeng"> Gao Yongfeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Muhua"> Li Muhua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhao%20Jiahao"> Zhao Jiahao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng%20Song"> Meng Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of thermal shock on the operation of micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) were examined. All MEMS device were tested before and after three different conditions of thermal shock (from -55℃ to 85℃, from -65℃ to 125℃, from -65℃ to 200℃). The micro lens showed no changes after thermal shock, which shows that the design of the micro lens can be well adapted to the application environment in the space. The design of the micro mirror can be well adapted to the space application environment. The micro-magnetometer, RF MEMS switch and the micro accelerometer exhibited degradation and parameter drift after thermal shock, potential mechanical was proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20shock%20test" title=" thermal shock test"> thermal shock test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20environment" title=" space environment"> space environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41898/the-research-of-reliability-of-mems-device-under-thermal-shock-test-in-space-mission" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">590</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1026</span> Numerical Investigation of Two Turbulence Models for Predicting the Temperature Separation in Conical Vortex Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Guen">M. Guen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A three-dimensional numerical study is used to analyze the behavior of the flow inside a vortex tube. The vortex tube or Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube is a simple device which is capable of dividing compressed air from the inlet nozzle tangentially into two flow with different temperatures warm and cold. This phenomenon is known from literature by temperature separation. The K ω-SST and K-ε turbulence models are used to predict the turbulent flow behaviour inside the tube. The vortex tube is an Exair 708 slpm (25 scfm) commercial tube. The cold and hot exits areas are 30.2 and 95 mm2 respectively. The vortex nozzle consists of 6 straight slots; the height and the width of each slot are 0.97 mm and 1.41 mm. The total area normal to the flow associated with six nozzles is therefore 8.15 mm 2. The present study focuses on a comparison between two turbulence models K ω-SST, K-ε by using a new configuration of vortex tube (Conical Vortex Tube). The performance curves of the temperature separation versus cold outlet mass fraction were calculated and compared with experimental and numerical study of other researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conical%20vortex%20tube" title="conical vortex tube">conical vortex tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20separation" title=" temperature separation"> temperature separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20mass%20fraction" title=" cold mass fraction"> cold mass fraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42531/numerical-investigation-of-two-turbulence-models-for-predicting-the-temperature-separation-in-conical-vortex-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1025</span> Performance and Damage Detection of Composite Structural Insulated Panels Subjected to Shock Wave Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anupoju%20Rajeev">Anupoju Rajeev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanne%20Mathew"> Joanne Mathew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Shelke"> Amit Shelke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current study, a new type of Composite Structural Insulated Panels (CSIPs) is developed and investigated its performance against shock loading which can replace the conventional wooden structural materials. The CSIPs is made of Fibre Cement Board (FCB)/aluminum as the facesheet and the expanded polystyrene foam as the core material. As tornadoes are very often in the western countries, it is suggestable to monitor the health of the CSIPs during its lifetime. So, the composite structure is installed with three smart sensors located randomly at definite locations. Each smart sensor is fabricated with an embedded half stainless phononic crystal sensor attached to both ends of the nylon shaft that can resist the shock and impact on facesheet as well as polystyrene foam core and safeguards the system. In addition to the granular crystal sensors, the accelerometers are used in the horizontal spanning and vertical spanning with a definite offset distance. To estimate the health and damage of the CSIP panel using granular crystal sensor, shock wave loading experiments are conducted. During the experiments, the time of flight response from the granular sensors is measured. The main objective of conducting shock wave loading experiments on the CSIP panels is to study the effect and the sustaining capacity of the CSIP panels in the extreme hazardous situations like tornados and hurricanes which are very common in western countries. The effects have been replicated using a shock tube, an instrument that can be used to create the same wind and pressure intensity of tornado for the experimental study. Numerous experiments have been conducted to investigate the flexural strength of the CSIP. Furthermore, the study includes the damage detection using three smart sensors embedded in the CSIPs during the shock wave loading. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20structural%20insulated%20panels" title="composite structural insulated panels">composite structural insulated panels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20detection" title=" damage detection"> damage detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20structures" title=" sandwich structures"> sandwich structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20wave%20loading" title=" shock wave loading"> shock wave loading</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96316/performance-and-damage-detection-of-composite-structural-insulated-panels-subjected-to-shock-wave-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1024</span> Shock Isolation Performance of a Pre-Compressed Large Deformation Shock Isolator with Quasi-Zero-Stiffness Characteristic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Chen">Ji Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunhui%20Zhang"> Chunhui Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fanming%20Zeng"> Fanming Zeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Zhang"> Lei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Li"> Ying Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Zhang"> Wei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the synthetic principle of force, a pre-compressed nonlinear isolator with quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) is developed for shock isolation of ship equipment. The proposed isolator consists of a vertical spring with positive stiffness and several lateral springs with negative stiffness. An analytical expression of vertical stiffness of the nonlinear isolator is derived and numerical simulation on the effect of the geometric design parameters is carried out. Besides, a pre-compressed QZS shock isolation system model is established. The stiffness characteristic of the system is studied and the effects of excitation amplitude and friction damping on shock isolation performance are discussed respectively. The research results show that in comparison with linear shock isolation system, the pre-compressed QZS shock isolation system could realize constant-force or approximately constant-force function and perform better anti-impact performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi-zero-stiffness" title="quasi-zero-stiffness">quasi-zero-stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constant-force" title=" constant-force"> constant-force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-compressed" title=" pre-compressed"> pre-compressed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20deformation" title=" large deformation"> large deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20isolation" title=" shock isolation"> shock isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20damping" title=" friction damping"> friction damping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39796/shock-isolation-performance-of-a-pre-compressed-large-deformation-shock-isolator-with-quasi-zero-stiffness-characteristic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">697</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1023</span> Shock Formation for Double Ramp Surface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Wajid%20Ali">Abdul Wajid Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Supersonic flight promises speed, but the design of the air inlet faces an obstacle: shock waves. They prevent air flow in the mixed compression ports, which reduces engine performance. Our research investigates this using supersonic wind tunnels and schlieren imaging to reveal the complex dance between shock waves and airflow. The findings show clear patterns of shock wave formation influenced by internal/external pressure surfaces. We looked at the boundary layer, the slow-moving air near the inlet walls, and its interaction with shock waves. In addition, the study emphasizes the dependence of the shock wave behaviour on the Mach number, which highlights the need for adaptive models. This knowledge is key to optimizing the combined compression inputs, paving the way for more powerful and efficient supersonic vehicles. Future engineers can use this knowledge to improve existing designs and explore innovative configurations for next-generation ultrasonic applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oblique%20shock%20formation" title="oblique shock formation">oblique shock formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer%20interaction" title=" boundary layer interaction"> boundary layer interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schlieren%20images" title=" schlieren images"> schlieren images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20wedge%20surface" title=" double wedge surface"> double wedge surface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184376/shock-formation-for-double-ramp-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1022</span> Interaction between Unsteady Supersonic Jet and Vortex Rings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazumasa%20Kitazono">Kazumasa Kitazono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroshi%20Fukuoka"> Hiroshi Fukuoka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nao%20Kuniyoshi"> Nao Kuniyoshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minoru%20Yaga"> Minoru Yaga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eri%20Ueno"> Eri Ueno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naoaki%20Fukuda"> Naoaki Fukuda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshio%20Takiya"> Toshio Takiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unsteady supersonic jet formed by a shock tube with a small high-pressure chamber was used as a simple alternative model for pulsed laser ablation. Understanding the vortex ring formed by the shock wave is crucial in clarifying the behavior of unsteady supersonic jet discharged from an elliptical cell. Therefore, this study investigated the behavior of vortex rings and a jet. The experiment and numerical calculation were conducted using the schlieren method and by solving the axisymmetric two-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes equations, respectively. In both, the calculation and the experiment, laser ablation is conducted for a certain duration, followed by discharge through the exit. Moreover, a parametric study was performed to demonstrate the effect of pressure ratio on the interaction among vortex rings and the supersonic jet. The interaction between the supersonic jet and the vortex rings increased the velocity of the supersonic jet up to the magnitude of the velocity at the center of the vortex rings. The interaction between the vortex rings increased the velocity at the center of the vortex ring. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock-wave" title=" shock-wave"> shock-wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20jet" title=" unsteady jet"> unsteady jet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20ring" title=" vortex ring"> vortex ring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50911/interaction-between-unsteady-supersonic-jet-and-vortex-rings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1021</span> Mathematical Simulation of Performance Parameters of Pulse Detonation Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhash%20Chander">Subhash Chander</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tejinder%20Kumar%20Jindal"> Tejinder Kumar Jindal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to its simplicity, Pulse detonation engine technology has recently emerged as a future aerospace propulsion technology. In this paper, we studied various parameters affecting the performance of Pulse detonation engine (PDE) like tube length for proper deflagration to detonation transition (DDT), tube diameter (combustion tube), tube length, Shelkin spiral, Cell size, Equivalence ratio of fuel used etc. We have discussed various techniques for reducing the length of pulse tube by using various DDT enhancing devices. The effect of length of the tube from 40 mm to 3000 mm and diameter from 10 mm to 100 mm has been analyzed. The fuel used is C2H2 and oxidizer is O2. The results are processed in MATLAB for drawing valid conclusions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20detonation%20engine%20%28PDE%29" title="pulse detonation engine (PDE)">pulse detonation engine (PDE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deflagration%20to%20detonation%20%28DDT%29" title=" deflagration to detonation (DDT)"> deflagration to detonation (DDT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schelkin%20spiral" title=" Schelkin spiral"> Schelkin spiral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20size%20%28%CE%BB%29" title=" cell size (λ)"> cell size (λ)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20990/mathematical-simulation-of-performance-parameters-of-pulse-detonation-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">572</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1020</span> Exposing Investor Sentiment In Stock Returns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiang%20Bu">Qiang Bu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper compares the explanatory power of sentiment level and sentiment shock. The preliminary test results show that sentiment shock plays a more significant role in explaining stocks returns, including the raw return and abnormal return. We also find that sentiment shock beta has a higher statistical significance than sentiment beta. These finding sheds new light on the relationship between investor sentiment and stock returns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20level" title="sentiment level">sentiment level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20shock" title=" sentiment shock"> sentiment shock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explanatory%20power" title=" explanatory power"> explanatory power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abnormal%20stock%20return" title=" abnormal stock return"> abnormal stock return</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta" title=" beta"> beta</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146061/exposing-investor-sentiment-in-stock-returns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1019</span> Design Optimization and Thermoacoustic Analysis of Pulse Tube Cryocooler Components</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Aravinth">K. Aravinth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20T.%20Vignesh"> C. T. Vignesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The usage of pulse tube cryocoolers is significantly increased mainly due to the advantage of the absence of moving parts. The underlying idea of this project is to optimize the design of pulse tube, regenerator, a resonator in cryocooler and analyzing the thermo-acoustic oscillations with respect to the design parameters. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model with time-dependent validation is done to predict its performance. The continuity, momentum, and energy equations are solved for various porous media regions. The effect of changing the geometries and orientation will be validated and investigated in performance. The pressure, temperature and velocity fields in the regenerator and pulse tube are evaluated. This optimized design performance results will be compared with the existing pulse tube cryocooler design. The sinusoidal behavior of cryocooler in acoustic streaming patterns in pulse tube cryocooler will also be evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustics" title="acoustics">acoustics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryogenics" title=" cryogenics"> cryogenics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design" title=" design"> design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82751/design-optimization-and-thermoacoustic-analysis-of-pulse-tube-cryocooler-components" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1018</span> Fluid Flow in Roughened Square Tube for Internal Blade Cooling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Alhajeri">M. H. Alhajeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20M.%20Alhajeri"> Hamad M. Alhajeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Alenezi"> A. H. Alenezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Almutairi"> Abdulrahman Almutairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayedh%20Alajmi"> Ayedh Alajmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A computational investigation has been undertaken to study fluid flow through roughened tube with turbulators. Such flows are of particular interest in cooling internally high pressure turbine blades. Turbulators are fixed in each side of the passage (tube) to promote turbulence and enhance heat transfer. The tube had an aspect ratio of 1 and the position of the ribs closest to the bend are at 0.45d from the entrance and exit of the bend. The aim of this study is to examine the tube roughened by turbulator by studying some flow parameters upstream and downstream of the turbulator. It is cleared that the eddies sizes are decreased downstream in the first two turbulators and increased after the turbulators increases the turbulence in the tube and enhanced the heat transfer in the blade. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20flow" title="fluid flow">fluid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulator" title=" turbulator"> turbulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation" title=" computation"> computation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blade" title=" blade"> blade</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74458/fluid-flow-in-roughened-square-tube-for-internal-blade-cooling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1017</span> Numerical Modeling of Air Shock Wave Generated by Explosive Detonation and Dynamic Response of Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Micha%C5%82%20Lidner">Michał Lidner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zbigniew%20Szcze%C5%9BNiak"> Zbigniew SzcześNiak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ability to estimate blast load overpressure properly plays an important role in safety design of buildings. The issue of studying of blast loading on structural elements has been explored for many years. However, in many literature reports shock wave overpressure is estimated with simplified triangular or exponential distribution in time. This indicates some errors when comparing real and numerical reaction of elements. Nonetheless, it is possible to further improve setting similar to the real blast load overpressure function versus time. The paper presents a method of numerical analysis of the phenomenon of the air shock wave propagation. It uses Finite Volume Method and takes into account energy losses due to a heat transfer with respect to an adiabatic process rule. A system of three equations (conservation of mass, momentum and energy) describes the flow of a volume of gaseous medium in the area remote from building compartments, which can inhibit the movement of gas. For validation three cases of a shock wave flow were analyzed: a free field explosion, an explosion inside a steel insusceptible tube (the 1D case) and an explosion inside insusceptible cube (the 3D case). The results of numerical analysis were compared with the literature reports. Values of impulse, pressure, and its duration were studied. Finally, an overall good convergence of numerical results with experiments was achieved. Also the most important parameters were well reflected. Additionally analyses of dynamic response of one of considered structural element were made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adiabatic%20process" title="adiabatic process">adiabatic process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20shock%20wave" title=" air shock wave"> air shock wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosive" title=" explosive"> explosive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20volume%20method" title=" finite volume method"> finite volume method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61186/numerical-modeling-of-air-shock-wave-generated-by-explosive-detonation-and-dynamic-response-of-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1016</span> Unsteady Characteristics Investigation on the Precessing Vortex Breakdown and Energy Separation in a Vortex Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiangji%20Guo">Xiangji Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Zhang"> Bo Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the phenomenon of vortex breakdown in a vortex tube was analyzed within the scope of unsteady character in swirl flows. A 3-D Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) closed by the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) was adopted to simulate the large-scale vortex structure in vortex tube, and the numerical model was verified by the steady results. The swirl number was calculated for the vortex tube and the flow field was classed as strong swirl flow. According to the results, a time-dependent spiral flow field gyrates around a central recirculation zone which is precessing around the axis of the tube, and manifests the flow structure is the spiral type (S-type) vortex breakdown. The vortex breakdown is crucial for the formation of the central recirculation zone (CRZ), a further discussion was about the affection on CRZ with the different external conditions of vortex tube, the study on the unsteady characters was expected to hope to design of vortex tube and analyze the energy separation effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20tube" title="vortex tube">vortex tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20breakdown" title=" vortex breakdown"> vortex breakdown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20recirculation%20zone" title=" central recirculation zone"> central recirculation zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady" title=" unsteady"> unsteady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20separation" title=" energy separation"> energy separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52531/unsteady-characteristics-investigation-on-the-precessing-vortex-breakdown-and-energy-separation-in-a-vortex-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1015</span> Simulation of Internal Flow Field of Pitot-Tube Jet Pump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Noor">Iqra Noor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihtzaz%20Qamar"> Ihtzaz Qamar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pitot-tube Jet pump, single-stage pump with low flow rate and high head, consists of a radial impeller that feeds water to rotating cavity. Water then enters stationary pitot-tube collector (diffuser), which discharges to the outside. By means of ANSYS Fluent 15.0, the internal flow characteristics for Pitot-tube Jet pump with standard pitot and curved pitot are studied. Under design condition, realizable k-e turbulence model and SIMPLEC algorithm are used to calculate 3D flow field inside both pumps. The simulation results reveal that energy is imparted to the flow by impeller and inside the rotor, forced vortex type flow is observed. Total pressure decreases inside pitot-tube whereas static pressure increases. Changing pitot-tube from standard to curved shape results in minimum flow circulation inside pitot-tube and leads to a higher pump performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20circulation" title=" flow circulation"> flow circulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure%20pump" title=" high pressure pump"> high pressure pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impeller" title=" impeller"> impeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20flow" title=" internal flow"> internal flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pickup%20tube%20pump" title=" pickup tube pump"> pickup tube pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectangle%20channels" title=" rectangle channels"> rectangle channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20casing" title=" rotating casing"> rotating casing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118/simulation-of-internal-flow-field-of-pitot-tube-jet-pump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1014</span> Evaluation of Shock Sensitivity of Nano-Scaled 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazacyclohexane Using Small Scale Gap Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-In%20Lee">Kang-In Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woo-Jin%20Lee"> Woo-Jin Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keun-Deuk%20Lee"> Keun-Deuk Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju-Seung%20Chae"> Ju-Seung Chae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, small scale gap test (SSGT) was performed to measure shock sensitivity of nano-scaled 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) samples. The shock sensitivity of energetic materials is usually evaluated by the method of large-scale gap test (LSGT) that has a higher reliability than other methods. But LSGT has the disadvantage that it takes a high cost and time by using a large amount of explosive. In this experiment, nano-scaled RDX samples were prepared by spray crystallization in two different drying methods. In addition, 30μm RDX sample produced by precipitation crystallization and 5μm RDX sample produced by fluid energy mill process were tested to compare shock sensitivity. The study of shock sensitivity measured by small-scale gap test shows that small sized RDX particles have greater insensitivity. As a result, we infer SSGT method has higher reliability compared to the literature as measurement of shock sensitivity of energetic materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-scaled%20RDX" title="nano-scaled RDX">nano-scaled RDX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSGT%28small%20scale%20gap%20test%29" title=" SSGT(small scale gap test)"> SSGT(small scale gap test)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20sensitivity" title=" shock sensitivity"> shock sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RDX" title=" RDX"> RDX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73492/evaluation-of-shock-sensitivity-of-nano-scaled-135-trinitro-135-triazacyclohexane-using-small-scale-gap-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1013</span> Effects of Using Clinical Guidelines for Feeding through a Gastrostomy Tube in Critically ill Surgical Patients Songkla Hospital Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siriporn%20Sikkaphun">Siriporn Sikkaphun </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food is essential for living, and receiving correct, suitable, and adequate food is advantageous to the body, especially for patients because it can enable good recovery. Feeding through a gastrostomy tube is one useful way that is widely used because it is easy, convenient, and economical.To compare the effectiveness of using the clinical guidelines for feeding through a gastrostomy tube in critically ill surgical patients.This is a pre-post quasi-experimental study on 15 critically ill surgical or accident patients who needed intubation and the gastrostomy tube from August 2011 to November 2012. The data were collected using the guidelines, and an evaluation form for effectiveness of guidelines for feeding through a gastrostomy tube in critically ill surgical patients. After using the guidelines for feeding through a gastrostomy tube in critically ill surgical patients, it was found that The average number of days from the admission date to the day the patients received food through the G-tube significantly reduced at the level .05. The number of personnel who practiced nursing activities correctly and suitably for patients with complications during feeding significantly increased at the level .05.The number of patients receiving energy to the target level significantly increased at the level .05. The results of this study indicated that the use of the guidelines for feeding through a gastrostomy tube in critically ill surgical patients was feasible in practice, and the outcomes were beneficial to the patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20guidelines" title="clinical guidelines">clinical guidelines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeding" title=" feeding"> feeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastrostomy%20tube" title=" gastrostomy tube"> gastrostomy tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critically%20ill" title=" critically ill"> critically ill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20patients" title=" surgical patients "> surgical patients </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23509/effects-of-using-clinical-guidelines-for-feeding-through-a-gastrostomy-tube-in-critically-ill-surgical-patients-songkla-hospital-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1012</span> Diabatic Flow of Sub-Cooled R-600a Inside a Capillary Tube: Concentric Configuration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Kumar">Ravi Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santhosh%20Kumar%20Dubba"> Santhosh Kumar Dubba </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an experimental study of a diabatic flow of R-600a through a concentric configured capillary tube suction line heat exchanger. The details of experimental facility for testing the diabatic capillary tube with different inlet sub-cooling degree and pressure are discussed. The effect of coil diameter, capillary length, capillary tube diameter, sub-cooling degree and inlet pressure on mass flow rate are presented. The degree of sub-cooling at the inlet of capillary tube is varied from 3-20°C. The refrigerant mass flow rate is scattered up with rising of pressure. A semi-empirical correlation to predict the mass flow rate of R-600a flowing through a diabatic capillary tube is proposed for sub-cooled inlet conditions. The proposed correlation predicts measured data with an error band of ±20 percent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabatic" title="diabatic">diabatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20tube" title=" capillary tube"> capillary tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentric" title=" concentric"> concentric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R-600a" title=" R-600a"> R-600a</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81743/diabatic-flow-of-sub-cooled-r-600a-inside-a-capillary-tube-concentric-configuration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> 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