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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Socialist-oriented market economy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_mercau_orientada_a_lo_socialismo" title="Economía de mercau orientada a lo socialismo – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Economía de mercau orientada a lo socialismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_merc%C3%A1u_socialista" title="Economía de mercáu socialista – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Economía de mercáu socialista" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Current economic system in Vietnam</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the current economy in Vietnam. For the economic system in the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">Socialist market economy</a>. For theoretical models of market-based socialism, see <a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market socialism</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Combined_flags_of_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam_and_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Combined_flags_of_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam_and_Vietnam.svg/220px-Combined_flags_of_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam_and_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Combined_flags_of_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam_and_Vietnam.svg/330px-Combined_flags_of_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam_and_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Combined_flags_of_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam_and_Vietnam.svg/440px-Combined_flags_of_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam_and_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="298" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Vietnam" title="Government of Vietnam">Government of Vietnam</a> is under the absolute leadership of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a>, which established the country as a nominal <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">socialist state</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ho_Chi_Minh_Drawing_Transparent.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ho_Chi_Minh_Drawing_Transparent.png/100px-Ho_Chi_Minh_Drawing_Transparent.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ho_Chi_Minh_Drawing_Transparent.png/150px-Ho_Chi_Minh_Drawing_Transparent.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ho_Chi_Minh_Drawing_Transparent.png/200px-Ho_Chi_Minh_Drawing_Transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="374" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform_in_Vietnam" title="Land reform in Vietnam">Land reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-criticism_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-criticism (Marxism–Leninism)">Self-criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism#Social_morality_and_ethics" title="Confucianism">Social morality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditions">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_patriotism" title="Socialist patriotism">Socialist patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_liberation_(Marxism)" title="National liberation (Marxism)">National liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_nationalism" title="Vietnamese nationalism">Vietnamese nationalism</a> (Vietnam)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%95i_M%E1%BB%9Bi" title="Đổi Mới">Đổi Mới</a> (Vietnam)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Socialist-oriented market economy</a> (Vietnam)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laotian_New_Econonomic_Mechanism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laotian New Econonomic Mechanism (page does not exist)">New Economic Mechanism</a> (Laos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaysone_Phomvihane_Thought" title="Kaysone Phomvihane Thought">Kaysone Phomvihane Thought</a> (Laos)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Vietnamese people</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minh" class="mw-redirect" title="Hồ Chí Minh">Hồ Chí Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_Nguy%C3%AAn_Gi%C3%A1p" title="Võ Nguyên Giáp">Võ Nguyên Giáp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_Du%E1%BA%A9n" title="Lê Duẩn">Lê Duẩn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_Linh" title="Nguyễn Văn Linh">Nguyễn Văn Linh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%97_M%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di" title="Đỗ Mười">Đỗ Mười</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B4ng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_M%E1%BA%A1nh" title="Nông Đức Mạnh">Nông Đức Mạnh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Ph%C3%BA_Tr%E1%BB%8Dng" title="Nguyễn Phú Trọng">Nguyễn Phú Trọng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Quang" title="Trần Đại Quang">Trần Đại Quang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Minh_Tri%E1%BA%BFt" title="Nguyễn Minh Triết">Nguyễn Minh Triết</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B4n_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BA%AFng" title="Tôn Đức Thắng">Tôn Đức Thắng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%83n_Ti%E1%BA%BFn_D%C5%A9ng" title="Văn Tiến Dũng">Văn Tiến Dũng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_Chinh" title="Trường Chinh">Trường Chinh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_V%C4%83n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng" title="Phạm Văn Đồng">Phạm Văn Đồng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Xu%C3%A2n_Ph%C3%BAc" title="Nguyễn Xuân Phúc">Nguyễn Xuân Phúc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Th%E1%BB%8B_Kim_Ng%C3%A2n" title="Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân">Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_T%E1%BA%A5n_Sang" title="Trương Tấn Sang">Trương Tấn Sang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Hu%E1%BB%87" title="Vương Đình Huệ">Vương Đình Huệ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C5%A9_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_%C4%90am" title="Vũ Đức Đam">Vũ Đức Đam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_T%E1%BA%A5n_D%C5%A9ng" title="Nguyễn Tấn Dũng">Nguyễn Tấn Dũng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D" title="Lê Đức Thọ">Lê Đức Thọ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Trần Đức Lương">Trần Đức Lương</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_H%E1%BB%AFu_Th%E1%BB%8D" title="Nguyễn Hữu Thọ">Nguyễn Hữu Thọ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_Xu%C3%A2n_L%E1%BB%8Bch" title="Ngô Xuân Lịch">Ngô Xuân Lịch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BB%B3nh_T%E1%BA%A5n_Ph%C3%A1t" title="Huỳnh Tấn Phát">Huỳnh Tấn Phát</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_Kh%E1%BA%A3_Phi%C3%AAu" title="Lê Khả Phiêu">Lê Khả Phiêu</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Laotian people</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaysone_Phomvihane" title="Kaysone Phomvihane">Kaysone Phomvihane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamtai_Siphandon" class="mw-redirect" title="Khamtai Siphandon">Khamtai Siphandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choummaly_Sayasone" title="Choummaly Sayasone">Choummaly Sayasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bounnhang_Vorachit" title="Bounnhang Vorachit">Bounnhang Vorachit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thongloun_Sisoulith" title="Thongloun Sisoulith">Thongloun Sisoulith</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Theoretical works</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Independence_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam">Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Path_Which_Led_Me_To_Leninism" title="The Path Which Led Me To Leninism">The Path Which Led Me To Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Testament_of_Ho_Chi_Minh" class="mw-redirect" title="The Last Testament of Ho Chi Minh">The Last Testament of Ho Chi Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Vietnamese_Revolution:_Fundamental_Problems,_Essential_Tasks" title="The Vietnamese Revolution: Fundamental Problems, Essential Tasks">The Vietnamese Revolution: Fundamental Problems, Essential Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewal_in_Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam:_Theory_and_Reality" title="Renewal in Việt Nam: Theory and Reality">Renewal in Việt Nam: Theory and Reality</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vietnam" title="Politics of Vietnam">Politics of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Vietnam" title="Communism in Vietnam">Communism in Vietnam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="History of the Communist Party of Vietnam">History of the Communist Party of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-Year_Plans_of_Vietnam" title="Five-Year Plans of Vietnam">Five-Year Plans of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Minh" class="mw-redirect" title="Việt Minh">Việt Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">North Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viet_Cong" title="Viet Cong">Viet Cong</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indochinese_Communist_Party" title="Indochinese Communist Party">Indochinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" title="Lao People's Revolutionary Party">Lao People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Fatherland_Front" title="Vietnamese Fatherland Front">Vietnamese Fatherland Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Communist_Youth_Union" title="Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union">Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Army_of_Vietnam" title="People's Army of Vietnam">People's Army of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_People%27s_Public_Security" title="Vietnam People's Public Security">Vietnam People's Public Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_General_Confederation_of_Labour" title="Vietnam General Confederation of Labour">Vietnam General Confederation of Labour</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vietnam" title="Portal:Vietnam">Vietnam portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" 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.navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought_sidebar" title="Template:Ho Chi Minh Thought sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought_sidebar" title="Template talk:Ho Chi Minh Thought sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ho Chi Minh Thought sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #d33; border-spacing:0.2em 0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Socialism" title="Category:Socialism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(politics)" title="Red flag (politics)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_flag_waving.svg/75px-Red_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_flag_waving.svg/113px-Red_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_flag_waving.svg/150px-Red_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border-top:1px solid #d33; border-bottom:0px solid;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_socialism" title="Outline of socialism">Outline</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Development</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_calculation_debate" title="Socialist calculation debate">Socialist calculation debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Ideas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calculation_in_kind" title="Calculation in kind">Calculation in kind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_ownership" title="Collective ownership">Collective ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">Cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_planning" title="Economic planning">Economic planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_equal_liberty#Equal_liberty" title="Law of equal liberty">Equal liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_opportunity" title="Equal opportunity">Equal opportunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Freed market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Input%E2%80%93output_model" title="Input–output model">Input–output model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor-time_calculation" title="Labor-time calculation">Labour-time calculation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_voucher" title="Labour voucher">Labour voucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_balance_planning" title="Material balance planning">Material balance planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_peer-to-peer_processes#P2P_economic_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Social peer-to-peer processes">Peer‑to‑peer economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_for_use" title="Production for use">Production for use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharing_economy" title="Sharing economy">Sharing economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_spontaneity" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary spontaneity">Spontaneism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_dividend" title="Social dividend">Social dividend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ownership" title="Social ownership">Social ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">Socialism in one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_democracy" title="Soviet democracy">Soviet democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">Strike action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_each_according_to_his_contribution" title="To each according to his contribution">To each according to his contribution</a>/<a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">needs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_democracy" title="Workplace democracy">Workplace democracy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Models</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (Bookchin)">Communalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Relationship_with_socialism" title="Planned economy">Socialist planned economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Decentralized_planning" title="Planned economy">Decentralized planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclusive_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Inclusive Democracy">Inclusive Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OGAS" title="OGAS">OGAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Cybersyn" title="Project Cybersyn">Project Cybersyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet-type</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market socialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lange_model" title="Lange model">Lange model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)" title="Mutualism (economic theory)">Mutualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">Socialist market economy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Socialist-oriented market</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_economics" title="Participatory economics">Participatory economics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_socialism" title="Types of socialism">Variants</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">21st-century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_socialism" title="African socialism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_socialism" title="Arab socialism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_socialism" title="Agrarian socialism">Agrarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism" title="Authoritarian socialism">Authoritarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanquism" title="Blanquism">Blanquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_socialism" title="Buddhist socialism">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_socialism" title="Christian socialism">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_road_to_socialism" title="Democratic road to socialism">Democratic road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber-utopianism" title="Cyber-utopianism">Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-socialism" title="Eco-socialism">Ecological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolutionary socialism">Evolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_feminism" title="Socialist feminism">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourierism" title="Fourierism">Fourierism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Free-market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhian_socialism" title="Gandhian socialism">Gandhian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guild_socialism" title="Guild socialism">Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_socialism" title="Islamic socialism">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_left" title="Jewish left">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire#Socialism" title="Laissez-faire">Laissez-faire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marhaenism" title="Marhaenism">Marhaenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_socialism" title="Municipal socialism">Municipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkrumaism" title="Nkrumaism">Nkrumaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owenism" title="Owenism">Owenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular socialism">Popular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_socialism" title="Religious socialism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardian_socialism" title="Ricardian socialism">Ricardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon#Ideas" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Saint-Simonianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_socialism" title="Scientific socialism">Scientific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewer_socialism" title="Sewer socialism">Sewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">Syndicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_World_socialism" title="Third World socialism">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_socialism" title="Yellow socialism">Yellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Zionism" title="Labor Zionism">Zionist</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Campanella" title="Tommaso Campanella">Campanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Saint-Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Buonarroti" title="Philippe Buonarroti">Buonarroti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine_de_Saint-Just" title="Louis Antoine de Saint-Just">Saint-Just</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Fourier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cabet" title="Étienne Cabet">Cabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Leroux" title="Pierre Leroux">Leroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Sue" title="Eugène Sue">Sue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Blanqui" title="Louis Auguste Blanqui">Blanqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon" title="Pierre-Joseph Proudhon">Proudhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Greeley" title="Horace Greeley">Greeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Herzen" title="Alexander Herzen">Herzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Bakunin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kingsley" title="Charles Kingsley">Kingsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Lavrov" title="Pyotr Lavrov">Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Saltykov-Shchedrin" title="Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin">Saltykov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Chernyshevsky" title="Nikolay Chernyshevsky">Chernyshevsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Tolstoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Michel" title="Louise Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones" title="Mother Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Carpenter" title="Edward Carpenter">Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Sorel" title="Georges Sorel">Sorel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bellamy" title="Edward Bellamy">Bellamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Wilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ferrer" title="Francisco Ferrer">Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dewey" title="John Dewey">Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Gorky" title="Maxim Gorky">Gorky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Landauer" title="Gustav Landauer">Landauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Berkman" title="Alexander Berkman">Berkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Rocker" title="Rudolf Rocker">Rocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Spengler" title="Oswald Spengler">Spengler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Pankhurst" title="Sylvia Pankhurst">Pankhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volin" title="Volin">Volin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Korsch" title="Karl Korsch">Korsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Polanyi" title="Karl Polanyi">Polanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti" title="Sacco and Vanzetti">Vanzetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Bordiga" title="Amadeo Bordiga">Bordiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Serge" title="Victor Serge">Serge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti" title="Sacco and Vanzetti">Sacco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Marcuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._R._James" title="C. L. R. James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">Orwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federica_Montseny" title="Federica Montseny">Montseny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Zinn" title="Howard Zinn">Zinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis" title="Cornelius Castoriadis">Castoriadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._P._Thompson" title="E. P. Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Chomsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takis_Fotopoulos" title="Takis Fotopoulos">Fotopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Wolff" title="Richard D. Wolff">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_%C5%BDi%C5%BEek" title="Slavoj Žižek">Žižek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hedges" title="Chris Hedges">Hedges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanis_Varoufakis" title="Yanis Varoufakis">Varoufakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Saito</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gracchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracchi">Gracchi Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Roux" title="Jacques Roux">Roux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Babeuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xiuquan" title="Hong Xiuquan">Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Markievicz" title="Constance Markievicz">Markievicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht" title="Karl Liebknecht">Liebknecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Martov" title="Julius Martov">Martov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kerensky" title="Alexander Kerensky">Kerensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Spiridonova" title="Maria Spiridonova">Spiridonova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imre_Nagy" title="Imre Nagy">Nagy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenaventura_Durruti" title="Buenaventura Durruti">Durruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Gerhardsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tage_Erlander" title="Tage Erlander">Erlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Douglas" title="Tommy Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Senghor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinus_van_der_Lubbe" title="Marinus van der Lubbe">van der Lubbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Kreisky" title="Bruno Kreisky">Kreisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Nasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek" title="Alexander Dubček">Dubček</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Manley" title="Michael Manley">Manley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Gorbachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Lula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Galloway" title="George Galloway">Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcomandante_Marcos" title="Subcomandante Marcos">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Sánchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_Ocasio-Cortez" title="Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez">Ocasio-Cortez</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_organizations" title="Category:Socialist organizations">Organizations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_socialist_organizations" title="Category:International socialist organizations">International socialist organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_parties" title="Category:Socialist parties">Socialist parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_society" title="Communist society">Communist society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_capitalism" title="Criticism of capitalism">Criticism of capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_socialism" title="Criticism of socialism">Criticism of socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_calculation_problem" title="Economic calculation problem">Economic calculation problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_system" title="Economic system">Economic system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Left" title="French Left">French Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-libertarianism" title="Left-libertarianism">Left-libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">Libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_socialist_economists" title="List of socialist economists">List of socialist economists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_philosophy" title="Marxist philosophy">Marxist philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanosocialism" title="Nanosocialism">Nanosocialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_and_LGBTQ_rights" title="Socialism and LGBTQ rights">Socialism and LGBTQ rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_calculation_debate" title="Socialist calculation debate">Socialist calculation debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party" title="Socialist Party">Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_council" title="Workers' council">Workers' council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Lists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialism-related_lists" title="Category:Socialism-related lists">Related lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialism" title="Category:Socialism">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialism_by_country" title="Category:Socialism by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialists" title="Category:Socialists">Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_socialist_songs" title="List of socialist songs">Songs</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #d33; border-bottom:1px solid #d33;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Socialism" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Socialism">WikiProject</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syndicalism.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/16px-Syndicalism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/24px-Syndicalism.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/32px-Syndicalism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Organized_Labour" title="Portal:Organized Labour">Organized Labour portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialism_sidebar" title="Template:Socialism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Socialism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Socialism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_systems" title="Category:Economic systems">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#efefef;padding:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Economic_system" title="Economic system">Economic systems</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Major types</div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">By ideology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Associative_economics" title="Associative economics">Associative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_capitalism" title="Corporate capitalism">Corporate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_capitalism" title="Democratic capitalism">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire" title="Laissez-faire">Laissez-faire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercantilism" title="Mercantilism">Mercantilist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoliberalism" title="Neoliberalism">Neoliberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neomercantilism" title="Neomercantilism">Neomercantilist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">Protectionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Social market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_capitalism" title="Welfare capitalism">Welfare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_of_fascism" title="Economics of fascism">Fascist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_economics" title="Feminist economics">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgism" title="Georgism">Georgist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_economy" title="Green economy">Green</a></li> <li>Religious <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_economics" title="Buddhist economics">Buddhist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_finance" title="Christian finance">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabbath_economics" title="Sabbath economics">Sabbath economics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_economics" title="Islamic economics">Islamic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market socialist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(movement)" title="Mutualism (movement)">Mutualist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_economics" title="Participatory economics">Participatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">Socialist market</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Socialist-oriented market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">Syndicalist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_credit" title="Social credit">Social credit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">Distributist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_economy" title="Traditional economy">Traditionalist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporatism" title="Corporatism">Corporatist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">Feudalism</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">By coordination</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autarky" title="Autarky">Closed (autarky)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decentralized_planning_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Decentralized planning (economics)">Decentralized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_economy" title="Digital economy">Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirigisme" title="Dirigisme">Dirigist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_economy" title="Dual economy">Dual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informal_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Informal sector">Informal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">Mixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_economy" title="Natural economy">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_economy" title="Open economy">Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">Planned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robinson_Crusoe_economy" title="Robinson Crusoe economy">Robinson Crusoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharing_economy" title="Sharing economy">Sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsistence_economy" title="Subsistence economy">Subsistence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_market" title="Black market">Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_archipelago" title="Vertical archipelago">Vertical archipelago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_economy" title="Virtual economy">Virtual</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">By regional model</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li>Asian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_model_of_capitalism" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian model of capitalism">East Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Consensus" title="Beijing Consensus">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore" title="Economy of Singapore">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_model" title="Kerala model">Keralan</a></li></ul></li> <li>European <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_model" title="Anglo-Saxon model">Anglo-Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_model" title="German model">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polder_model" title="Polder model">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Rhenish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet</a></li></ul></li> <li>Latin America <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">Socialism of the 21st century</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Sectors</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_sector" title="Private sector">Private</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_sector" title="Public sector">Public</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_sector" title="Voluntary sector">Voluntary</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Property types</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collective_ownership" title="Collective ownership">Collective ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons" title="Commons">Commons</a> (<a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_property" title="Private property">Private property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_ownership" title="State ownership">State ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ownership" title="Social ownership">Social ownership</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Transition</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collective_farming" title="Collective farming">Collectivization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communization" title="Communization">Communization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporatization" title="Corporatization">Corporatization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demutualization" title="Demutualization">Demutualization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deregulation" title="Deregulation">Deregulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expropriation" class="mw-redirect" title="Expropriation">Expropriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financialization" title="Financialization">Financialization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalization" title="Liberalization">Liberalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marketization" title="Marketization">Marketization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalization" title="Municipalization">Municipalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutualization" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutualization">Mutualization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privatization" title="Privatization">Privatization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialization (economics)">Socialization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_(Marxism)" title="Socialization (Marxism)">Marxist</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Coordination</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barter" title="Barter">Barter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_(economics)" title="Market (economics)">Market</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_market" title="Open market">Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulated_market" title="Regulated market">Regulated</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_planning" title="Economic planning">Planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calculation_in_kind" title="Calculation in kind">In kind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybernetics" title="Cybernetics">Cybernetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indicative_planning" title="Indicative planning">Indicative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_balance_planning" title="Material balance planning">Material balancing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_system" title="Price system">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-managed_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-managed economy">Self-managed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_peer-to-peer_processes#P2P_economic_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Social peer-to-peer processes">Peer-to-peer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharing_economy" title="Sharing economy">Sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: 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class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/16px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/24px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/32px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Business_and_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Business and economics">Business and economics portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economic_systems_sidebar" title="Template:Economic systems sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economic_systems_sidebar" title="Template talk:Economic systems sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economic_systems_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economic systems sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>socialist-oriented market economy</b> (<a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>: <i>Kinh tế thị trường định hướng xã hội chủ nghĩa</i>) is the official title given to the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vietnam" title="Economy of Vietnam">current economic system</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. It is described as a multi-sectoral <a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market economy</a> where the state sector plays the decisive role in <a href="/wiki/Developmental_state" title="Developmental state">directing economic development</a>, with the eventual long-term goal of developing <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-links.org.au_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-links.org.au-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The socialist-oriented market economy is a product of the <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%95i_M%E1%BB%9Bi" title="Đổi Mới">Đổi Mới</a> (innovation) economic reforms which led to the replacement of the <a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Central_planning" title="Planned economy">centrally planned economy</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market-based</a> <a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">mixed economy</a> based on the predominance of state-owned industry. These reforms were undertaken to allow Vietnam to integrate with the global economy. The term "socialist-oriented" is used to highlight the fact that Vietnam has not yet achieved socialism and is in the process of building the basis for a future socialist system.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The economic model is similar to the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">socialist market economy</a> employed in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reforms_leading_to_establishment">Reforms leading to establishment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist-oriented_market_economy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Reforms leading to establishment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Đổi Mới economic reforms were initiated by the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a> in 1986 during the party's <a href="/wiki/6th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">6th National Congress</a>. These reforms introduced a greater role for market forces for the coordination of economic activity between enterprises and government agencies, and allowed for private ownership of small enterprises and the creation of a stock exchange for both state and non-state enterprises.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economic reforms aimed to restructure the Vietnamese economy away from <a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet-type central planning</a> and towards a market-based mixed economy intended to be a transitional phase in the development of a <a href="/wiki/Socialist_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist economy">socialist economy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vnturmoil_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vnturmoil-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The goal of this economic system is to improve the <a href="/wiki/Productive_forces" title="Productive forces">productive forces</a> of the economy, developing a firm technical-material base for the foundation of socialism, and to enable Vietnam to better integrate with the world economy.<sup id="cite_ref-vietnamembassy-usa.org_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vietnamembassy-usa.org-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 1990s, Vietnam accepted some World Bank reform advice for market liberalization, but rejected structural adjustment programs and conditional aid funding requiring privatization of state-owned enterprises.<sup id="cite_ref-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist-oriented_market_economy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The socialist-oriented market economy is a multi-sectoral <a href="/wiki/Commodity" title="Commodity">commodity</a> economy regulated by the market, consisting of a mixture of private, collective and state ownership of the means of production. However, the state sector and collectively owned enterprises form the backbone of the economy. It is similar to the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">socialist market economy</a> in that many forms of ownership, including cooperative/collective enterprises, communal, private and state ownership models co-exist in the economy, but the state sector plays a decisive role.<sup id="cite_ref-vietnamembassy-usa.org_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vietnamembassy-usa.org-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compared_with_the_Chinese_model">Compared with the Chinese model</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist-oriented_market_economy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Compared with the Chinese model"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In contrast to the Chinese model (dubbed the socialist market economy), the Vietnamese system is more explicitly characterized as an economy in <i>transition</i> to socialism and not as a form of socialism, with the process of building socialism seen as a long-term process. Claiming to be consistent with Marxist theory, socialism is understood to only emerge once Vietnam's <a href="/wiki/Productive_forces" title="Productive forces">productive forces</a> are developed to a point where socialism becomes a technical possibility.<sup id="cite_ref-links.org.au_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-links.org.au-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, it is similar to the Chinese position on the <a href="/wiki/Primary_stage_of_socialism" title="Primary stage of socialism">primary stage of socialism</a>. </p><p>Vietnam's socialist-oriented market economy shares many common characteristics with the Chinese <i>socialist market economy</i> in its institutions and policies, combining fundamentally market-based economies with the predominance of state-owned enterprises, the coexistence of a vibrant private sector, a single-party political system, and the existence of five-year economic plans. This has led development economists to consider both these countries sharing the same basic economic model.<sup id="cite_ref-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The differences between these two models includes a higher degree of decentralization and autonomy of local governments in Vietnam (being higher than in other East Asian developmental states), with greater income redistribution between provinces resulting in a lower Gini coefficient. Some authors associate this model with the <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_model_of_capitalism" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian model of capitalism">East Asian model</a> of <a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">state capitalism</a>, while others associate it with <a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">market socialism</a>. Common to other East Asian developmental states, Vietnam shares mutually supporting institutions and active public authorities with strong capacities to implement long-term economic plans.<sup id="cite_ref-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theoretical_basis">Theoretical basis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist-oriented_market_economy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Theoretical basis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Communist Party of Vietnam maintains that the socialist-oriented market economy is consistent with the classical <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxist</a> view of economic development and historical materialism, where socialism can only emerge once material conditions have been sufficiently developed to enable socialist relations. The socialist-oriented market model is seen as a key step for achieving the necessary economic growth and modernization while being able to co-exist in the contemporary <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">global market economy</a> and benefit from global trade.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Communist Party of Vietnam has re-affirmed its commitment to the development of a socialist economy with its Đổi Mới reforms.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This economic model is defended from a Marxist-Leninist perspective, which states that a planned socialist economy can only emerge after first developing the basis for socialism through the establishment of a market economy and commodity-exchange economy and that socialism will only emerge after this stage has exhausted its historical necessity and gradually transforms itself into socialism.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proponents of this model argue that the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Economy of the Soviet Union">economic system</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">satellite states</a> attempted to go from a natural economy to a planned economy by decree without passing through the necessary market economy phase of development.<sup id="cite_ref-vn_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vn-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Proponents of socialist market economies distinguish themselves from market socialists with the view of market socialism that markets are a central feature of socialism and that markets are the most feasible mechanism for a socialist economy.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist-oriented_market_economy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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.reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-links.org.au-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-links.org.au_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-links.org.au_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration 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.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKaradjis,_Michael" class="citation web cs1">Karadjis, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://links.org.au/node/14">"Socialism and the market: China and Vietnam compared"</a>. Links International Journal for Socialist Renewal<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Socialism+and+the+market%3A+China+and+Vietnam+compared&rft.pub=Links+International+Journal+for+Socialist+Renewal&rft.au=Karadjis%2C+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinks.org.au%2Fnode%2F14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist-oriented+market+economy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEHJ040BBzQ"><i>Socialism plus markets: Vietnam's chosen path</i></a> (Video). YouTube. April 26, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Socialism+plus+markets%3A+Vietnam%27s+chosen+path&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2016-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DLEHJ040BBzQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist-oriented+market+economy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110510005305/http://www.tapchicongsan.org.vn/details_e.asp?Object=29152838&News_ID=18459436">"Consistently pursuing the socialist orientation in developing the market economy in Vietnam"</a>. Communist Review. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tapchicongsan.org.vn/details_e.asp?Object=29152838&News_ID=18459436">the original</a> on 10 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consistently+pursuing+the+socialist+orientation+in+developing+the+market+economy+in+Vietnam&rft.pub=Communist+Review&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tapchicongsan.org.vn%2Fdetails_e.asp%3FObject%3D29152838%26News_ID%3D18459436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist-oriented+market+economy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vnturmoil-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vnturmoil_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Napier, Nancy K.; Vuong, Quan Hoang (2013). <i>What We See, Why We Worry, Why We Hope: Vietnam Going Forward</i>. Boise, Idaho: Boise State University CCI Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0985530587" title="Special:BookSources/978-0985530587">978-0985530587</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vietnamembassy-usa.org-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vietnamembassy-usa.org_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vietnamembassy-usa.org_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vietnamembassy-usa.org/news/story.php?d=20031117235404">"Socialist-oriented market economy: concept and development"</a>. Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Socialist-oriented+market+economy%3A+concept+and+development&rft.pub=Embassy+of+the+Socialist+Republic+of+Vietnam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vietnamembassy-usa.org%2Fnews%2Fstory.php%3Fd%3D20031117235404&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist-oriented+market+economy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Bank_Socialist-Oriented_Market_Economy_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClingRazafindrakotoRoubaud2013" class="citation journal cs1">Cling, Jean-Pierre; Razafindrakoto, Mireille; Roubaud, Francois (Spring 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.openedition.org/regulation/10081">"Is the World Bank compatible with the "Socialist-oriented market economy"?"</a>. <i>Revue de la régulation: Capitalisme, institutions, pouvoirs</i>. <b>13</b> (13). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fregulation.10081">10.4000/regulation.10081</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+de+la+r%C3%A9gulation%3A+Capitalisme%2C+institutions%2C+pouvoirs&rft.atitle=Is+the+World+Bank+compatible+with+the+%22Socialist-oriented+market+economy%22%3F&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=13&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fregulation.10081&rft.aulast=Cling&rft.aufirst=Jean-Pierre&rft.au=Razafindrakoto%2C+Mireille&rft.au=Roubaud%2C+Francois&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Fregulation%2F10081&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist-oriented+market+economy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.vista.gov.vn/english/st_documents_abstract/200502173672813586/200607024871565598/200607021500783644/200607021602963868/">"The awareness of the socialist-oriented market economy in Vietnam"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120714192732/http://english.vista.gov.vn/english/st_documents_abstract/200502173672813586/200607024871565598/200607021500783644/200607021602963868/">Archived</a> 14 July 2012 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929020443/http://www.cpv.org.vn/cpv/Modules/News/NewsDetail.aspx?co_id=30107&cn_id=144322">"Firmly holding to the socialist orientation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpv.org.vn/cpv/Modules/News/NewsDetail.aspx?co_id=30107&cn_id=144322">the original</a> on 29 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Firmly+holding+to+the+socialist+orientation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpv.org.vn%2Fcpv%2FModules%2FNews%2FNewsDetail.aspx%3Fco_id%3D30107%26cn_id%3D144322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist-oriented+market+economy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zhongqiao, Duan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bibliotecavirtual.clacso.org.ar/ar/libros/cuba/if/marx/documentos/22/Market%20Economy%20and%20Socialist%20Road.pdf"><i>Market Economy and Socialist Road</i></a> (PDF).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vn-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vn_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vuong, Quan-Hoang (2010). <i>Financial Markets in Vietnam's Transition Economy: Facts, Insights, Implications</i>. Saarbrücken, Germany: <a href="/wiki/VDM_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="VDM Publishing">VDM Verlag</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-639-23383-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-639-23383-4">978-3-639-23383-4</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam"><span style="color:yellow">Central Committee</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam">General Secretary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_Ph%C3%BA" title="Trần Phú">Trần Phú</a> (1930–31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_H%E1%BB%93ng_Phong" title="Lê Hồng Phong">Lê Hồng Phong</a> (1931–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A0_Huy_T%E1%BA%ADp" title="Hà Huy Tập">Hà Huy Tập</a> (1936–38)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_C%E1%BB%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nguyễn Văn Cừ">Nguyễn Văn Cừ</a> (1938–40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_Chinh" title="Trường Chinh">Trường Chinh</a> (1940–56)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Hồ Chí Minh</a> (1956–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_Du%E1%BA%A9n" title="Lê Duẩn">Lê Duẩn</a> (1960–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_Chinh" title="Trường Chinh">Trường Chinh</a> (Jul.–Dec. 1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_Linh" title="Nguyễn Văn Linh">Nguyễn Văn Linh</a> (1986–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%97_M%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di" title="Đỗ Mười">Đỗ Mười</a> (1991–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_Kh%E1%BA%A3_Phi%C3%AAu" title="Lê Khả Phiêu">Lê Khả Phiêu</a> (1997–01)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B4ng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_M%E1%BA%A1nh" title="Nông Đức Mạnh">Nông Đức Mạnh</a> (2001–11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Ph%C3%BA_Tr%E1%BB%8Dng" title="Nguyễn Phú Trọng">Nguyễn Phú Trọng</a> (2011–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m" title="Tô Lâm">Tô Lâm</a> (2024–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Member_of_the_Secretariat" title="Permanent Member of the Secretariat">Permanent Member</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Duy_Trinh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyễn Duy Trinh (page does not exist)">Nguyễn Duy Trinh</a> (1976–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D" title="Lê Đức Thọ">Lê Đức Thọ</a> (1980–82)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%AA_Thanh_Ngh%E1%BB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lê Thanh Nghị (page does not exist)">Lê Thanh Nghị</a> (1980–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_Ch%C3%AD_C%C3%B4ng" title="Võ Chí Công">Võ Chí Công</a> (1982–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_Linh" title="Nguyễn Văn Linh">Nguyễn Văn Linh</a> (June–Dec. 1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%97_M%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di" title="Đỗ Mười">Đỗ Mười</a> (1986–88)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Thanh_B%C3%ACnh_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyễn Thanh Bình (politician) (page does not exist)">Nguyễn Thanh Bình</a> (1988–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Anh" title="Lê Đức Anh">Lê Đức Anh</a> (1991–92)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%C3%A0o_Duy_T%C3%B9ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Đào Duy Tùng (page does not exist)">Đào Duy Tùng</a> (1991–96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_Kh%E1%BA%A3_Phi%C3%AAu" title="Lê Khả Phiêu">Lê Khả Phiêu</a> (1996–97)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ph%E1%BA%A1m_Th%E1%BA%BF_Duy%E1%BB%87t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phạm Thế Duyệt (page does not exist)">Phạm Thế Duyệt</a> (1998–01)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Ph%C3%BA_Tr%E1%BB%8Dng" title="Nguyễn Phú Trọng">Nguyễn Phú Trọng</a> (1999–01)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tr%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Hoan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trần Đình Hoan (page does not exist)">Trần Đình Hoan</a> (Apr.–Jul. 2001)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phan_Di%E1%BB%85n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phan Diễn (page does not exist)">Phan Diễn</a> (2002–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_T%E1%BA%A5n_Sang" title="Trương Tấn Sang">Trương Tấn Sang</a> (2006–11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_H%E1%BB%93ng_Anh" title="Lê Hồng Anh">Lê Hồng Anh</a> (2011–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90inh_Th%E1%BA%BF_Huynh" title="Đinh Thế Huynh">Đinh Thế Huynh</a> (2016–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_Qu%E1%BB%91c_V%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_(politician)" title="Trần Quốc Vượng (politician)">Trần Quốc Vượng</a> (2018–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_V%C4%83n_Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Fng" title="Võ Văn Thưởng">Võ Văn Thưởng</a> (2021–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_Th%E1%BB%8B_Mai" title="Trương Thị Mai">Trương Thị Mai</a> (2023–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng" title="Lương Cường">Lương Cường</a> (May - October 2024)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tr%E1%BA%A7n_C%E1%BA%A9m_T%C3%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trần Cẩm Tú (page does not exist)">Trần Cẩm Tú</a> (2024-present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Decision-making bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Politburo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Central Military Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Central Inspection Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apparatus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Commission_for_External_Relations_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Commission for External Relations of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Commission for External Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Office_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Office of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Central Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Mass_Mobilization_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Central Mass Mobilization Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Mass Mobilization Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Information_and_Education" title="Commission for Information and Education">Commission for Information and Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Organisation Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Organisation Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Theoretical_Council_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Central Theoretical Council of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Theoretical Council</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minh_National_Academy_of_Politics_and_Public_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hồ Chí Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration (page does not exist)">Hồ Chí Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Political_Publishing_House_%E2%80%93_The_Truth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Political Publishing House – The Truth (page does not exist)">National Political Publishing House – The Truth</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%A2n_D%C3%A2n" title="Nhân Dân">Nhân Dân</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%E1%BA%A1p_ch%C3%AD_C%E1%BB%99ng_s%E1%BA%A3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tạp chí Cộng sản (page does not exist)">The Communist Newspaper</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Steering committees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Steering_Committee_on_Anti-corruption" title="Central Steering Committee on Anti-corruption">Anti-corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Highlands_Steering_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Highlands Steering Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Central Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steering_Committee_on_Judicial_Reform&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steering Committee on Judicial Reform (page does not exist)">Judicial Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Steering_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northwest Steering Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southwest_Steering_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southwest Steering Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Southwest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #da251d; color:yellow;">National meetings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">National Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_National_Congress_of_the_Indochinese_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st National Congress of the Indochinese Communist Party (page does not exist)">1st (1935)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_National_Congress_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd National Congress of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">2nd (1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_National_Congress_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam" title="3rd National Congress of the Workers' Party of Vietnam">3rd (1960)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">4th (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="5th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">5th (1982)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">6th (1986)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="7th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">7th (1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">8th (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="9th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">9th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="10th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">10th (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="11th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">11th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="12th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">12th (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="13th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam">13th (2021)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #da251d; color:yellow;">Leadership sittings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elected by the<br />Central Committee</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Politburo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Standing_Committee_of_the_Indochinese_Communist_Party" title="1st Standing Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party">1st: 1935–51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Politburo_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam" title="2nd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam">2nd: 1951–60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Politburo_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam" title="3rd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam">3rd: 1960–76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="4th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">4th: 1976–82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="5th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">5th: 1982–86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="6th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">6th: 1986–91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="7th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">7th: 1991–96</a></li> <li>8th: 1996–01 (<a href="/wiki/8th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="8th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Enlarged</a> & <a href="/wiki/8th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="8th Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Standing</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="9th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">9th: 2001–06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="10th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">10th: 2006–11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="11th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">11th: 2011–16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="12th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">12th: 2016–21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="13th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam">13th: 2021–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Secretariat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Secretariat_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam" title="2nd Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Vietnam">2nd: 1951–60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Secretariat_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam" title="3rd Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Vietnam">3rd: 1960–76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="4th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">4th: 1976–82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="5th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">5th: 1982–86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="6th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">6th: 1986–91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="7th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">7th: 1991–96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="9th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">9th: 2001–06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="10th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">10th: 2006–11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="11th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">11th: 2011–16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="12th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">12th: 2016–21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="13th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam">13th: 2021–</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Military Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1946%E2%80%9348_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Indochinese_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1946–48 term of the Central Military Commission of the Indochinese Communist Party (page does not exist)">1946–48</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1952%E2%80%9360_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1952–60 term of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">1952–60</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1960%E2%80%9376_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commissionof_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1960–76 term of the Central Military Commissionof the Workers' Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">1960–76</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976%E2%80%9382_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1976–82 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">1976–82</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980%E2%80%9385_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980–85 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">1980–85</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985%E2%80%9390_term_of_the_Central_Military%E2%80%93Party_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985–90 term of the Central Military–Party Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">1985–90</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990%E2%80%9395_term_of_the_Central_Military%E2%80%93Party_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990–95 term of the Central Military–Party Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">1990–95</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1995%E2%80%9300_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1995–00 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">1995–00</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000%E2%80%9305_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000–05 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">2000–05</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2005%E2%80%9310_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2005–10 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">2005–10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2010%E2%80%9315_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2010–15 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">2010–15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2015%E2%80%9320_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2015–20 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">2015–20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9325_term_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="2020–25 term of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">2020–25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Inspection Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Central_Control_Commission_of_the_Indochinese_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Central Control Commission of the Indochinese Communist Party (page does not exist)">1st: 1948–51</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Central_Control_Commission_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Central Control Commission of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">2nd: 1951–60</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Central Inspection Commission of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">3rd: 1960–76</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">4th: 1976–82</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">5th: 1982–86</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">6th: 1986–91</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">7th: 1991–96</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">8th: 1996–01</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">9th: 2001–06</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">10th: 2006–11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">11th: 2011–16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">12th: 2016–21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Central_Inspection_Commission_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="13th Central Inspection Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam">13th: 2021–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elected by<br />Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Central Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Central_Committee_of_the_Indochinese_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Provisional Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party (page does not exist)">Provisional: 1930–35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Central_Committee_of_the_Indochinese_Communist_Party" title="1st Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party">1st: 1935–51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Central_Committee_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam" title="2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam">2nd: 1951–60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Central_Committee_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Vietnam" title="3rd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam">3rd: 1960–76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="4th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">4th: 1976–82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="5th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">5th: 1982–86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="6th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">6th: 1986–91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="7th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">7th: 1991–96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="8th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">8th: 1996–01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="9th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">9th: 2001–06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="10th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">10th: 2006–11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">11th: 2011–16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">12th: 2016–21</a> (<a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_12th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Members of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternates_of_the_12th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Alternates of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">Alternates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apparatus_of_the_12th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apparatus of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Apparatus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam">13th: 2021–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #da251d; color:yellow;">Wider organisation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other organs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of the Communist Party of Vietnam (page does not exist)">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Communist_Youth_Union" title="Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union">Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Young_Pioneer_Organization" title="Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization">Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_People%27s_Armed_Forces" title="Vietnam People's Armed Forces">Vietnam People's Armed Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #da251d; color:yellow;">Ideology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Socialist-oriented market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%95i_M%E1%BB%9Bi" title="Đổi Mới">Đổi Mới</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Socialism_by_country130" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialism_by_state" title="Template:Socialism by state"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Socialism_by_state" title="Template talk:Socialism by state"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism_by_state" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism by state"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Socialism_by_country130" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a> by country</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Argentina" title="Socialism in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Australia" title="Socialism in Australia">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Australia" title="New Australia">New Australia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Bangladesh" title="Socialism in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Brazil" title="Socialism in Brazil">Brazil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lulism" title="Lulism">Lulism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Canada" title="Socialism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party">Communist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">since 1978</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_ideology_of_the_Kuomintang" title="Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Socialism in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Estonia" title="Socialism in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Finland" title="Socialism in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Left" title="French Left">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Greece" title="Socialism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_India" title="Socialism in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Iran" title="Socialism in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Italy" title="Socialism in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Libya" title="Socialism in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Socialism in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_New_Zealand" title="Socialism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Pakistan" title="Socialism in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Socialism in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Tunisia" title="Socialism in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_left" title="British left">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Political positions of Jeremy Corbyn">Corbynism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Left" title="American Left">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African-American_socialism" title="African-American socialism">African-American</a></li></ul></li> <li>Venezuela <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chavismo" title="Chavismo">Chavismo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Vietnam" title="Socialism in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_socialist_movement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the socialist movement in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_socialist_movement_in_the_United_States" title="History of the socialist movement in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_socialism" title="African socialism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_socialism" title="Arab socialism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britain%27s_Road_to_Socialism" title="Britain's Road to Socialism">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_Way_to_Socialism" title="Burmese Way to Socialism">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Zionism" title="Labor Zionism">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_socialism" title="Melanesian socialism">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandinista_ideology" title="Sandinista ideology">Nicaraguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ujamaa" title="Ujamaa">Tanzanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Revolution" title="Bolivarian Revolution">Venezuelan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current and historical<br /><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">socialist states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="People's Republic of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Benin" title="People's Republic of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Burkina_Faso#Burkina_Faso" title="History of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="People's Republic of the Congo">Congo-Brazzaville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Egypt_under_Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="History of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser">Egypt</a></li> <li>Ethiopia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Derg" title="Derg">1974–1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Republic_of_Ethiopia" title="People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia">1987–1991</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Guinea#Sékou_Touré's_rule_(1958–1984)" title="History of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Libya_under_Muammar_Gaddafi" title="History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Madagascar" title="Democratic Republic of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Mozambique" title="People's Republic of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-party_rule_in_Seychelles" title="One-party rule in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Democratic_Republic" title="Somali Democratic Republic">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Sudan" title="Democratic Republic of Sudan">Sudan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cibao" title="Cibao">Cibao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government_(Grenada)" title="People's Revolutionary Government (Grenada)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Chile" title="Socialist Republic of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junta_of_National_Reconstruction" title="Junta of National Reconstruction">Nicaragua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_the_Union_of_Burma" title="Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma">Burma</a></li> <li>Cambodia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Kampuchea" title="Democratic Kampuchea">1975–1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea" title="People's Republic of Kampuchea">1979–1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_Government_of_Democratic_Kampuchea" title="Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea">1982–1992</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27athist_Iraq" title="Ba'athist Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27athist_Syria" title="Ba'athist Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvan_People%27s_Republic" title="Tuvan People's Republic">Tuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">North Vietnam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short-lived</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_People%27s_Government" title="Azerbaijan People's Government">Azerbaijan People's Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_East_Turkestan_Republic" title="Second East Turkestan Republic">East Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Republic" title="Far Eastern Republic">Far East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujian_People%27s_Government" title="Fujian People's Government">Fujian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Socialist_Soviet_Republic" title="Persian Socialist Soviet Republic">Gilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Inner Mongolian People's Republic">Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Soviet_Republic" title="Chinese Soviet Republic">Jiangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Kuwait" title="Republic of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mahabad" title="Republic of Mahabad">Kurdish Republic of Mahabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_People%27s_Committee_of_North_Korea" title="Provisional People's Committee of North Korea">North Korea (1946–1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Committee_of_North_Korea" title="People's Committee of North Korea">North Korea (1947–1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Republic_of_South_Vietnam" title="Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Socialist_Republic" title="Czech Socialist Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Slovak Socialist Republic">Slovakia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary (1949–1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short-lived</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/November_1918_insurgency_in_Alsace-Lorraine" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1918 insurgency in Alsace-Lorraine">Alsace-Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Republic" title="Banat Republic">Banat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Hungarian_Baranya%E2%80%93Baja_Republic" title="Serbian–Hungarian Baranya–Baja Republic">Baranya–Baja</a></li> <li>Bavaria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_State_of_Bavaria" title="People's State of Bavaria">1918–1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Soviet_Republic" title="Bavarian Soviet Republic">1919</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Bessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic">Bessarabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Soviet_Republic_of_Byelorussia" title="Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia">Byelorussia (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremen_Soviet_Republic" title="Bremen Soviet Republic">Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biha%C4%87_Republic" title="Bihać Republic">Bihać</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Socialist_Soviet_Republic" title="Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic">Crimea (1919)</a></li> <li>Finland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Socialist_Workers%27_Republic" title="Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Democratic_Republic" title="Finnish Democratic Republic">1939–1940</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commune_of_the_Working_People_of_Estonia" title="Commune of the Working People of Estonia">Estonia (1918–1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Galician Soviet Socialist Republic">Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Soviet_Republic" title="Hungarian Soviet Republic">Hungary (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_soviets" title="Irish soviets">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naissaar#History" title="Naissaar">Naissaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxony_in_the_German_Revolution_(1918%E2%80%931919)" title="Saxony in the German Revolution (1918–1919)">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Soviet_Republic" title="Slovak Soviet Republic">Slovakia (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Tarnobrzeg" title="Republic of Tarnobrzeg">Tarnobrzeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_U%C5%BEice" title="Republic of Užice">Užice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg_Soviet_Republic" title="Würzburg Soviet Republic">Würzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_Soldiers%27_Council" title="Brussels Soldiers' Council">Brussels Soldiers' Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" 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