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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Overview and origins</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Overview_and_origins-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Overview and origins subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Overview_and_origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Precursor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Precursor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Precursor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Precursor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calendar_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calendar_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Calendar design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Calendar_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decimal_time" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decimal_time"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Decimal time</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decimal_time-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Months" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Months"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Months</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Months-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ten_days_of_the_week" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ten_days_of_the_week"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ten days of the week</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ten_days_of_the_week-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rural_calendar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rural_calendar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rural calendar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rural_calendar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Rural calendar subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rural_calendar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Autumn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autumn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Autumn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Autumn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Winter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Winter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Spring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Summer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Summer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Summer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Complementary_days" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Complementary_days"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Complementary days</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Complementary_days-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Converting_from_the_Gregorian_Calendar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Converting_from_the_Gregorian_Calendar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Converting from the Gregorian Calendar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Converting_from_the_Gregorian_Calendar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Converting from the Gregorian Calendar subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Converting_from_the_Gregorian_Calendar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-During_the_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_the_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>During the Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_the_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>After the Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_date_and_time" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_date_and_time"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Current date and time</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_date_and_time-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_and_shortcomings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_and_shortcomings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Criticism and shortcomings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_and_shortcomings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_to_the_calendar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_to_the_calendar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References to the calendar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_to_the_calendar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">French Republican calendar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="تقويم جمهوري فرنسي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تقويم جمهوري فرنسي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransa_respublika%C3%A7%C4%B1_t%C9%99qvimi" title="Fransa respublikaçı təqvimi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fransa respublikaçı təqvimi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Францускі рэспубліканскі каляндар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Францускі рэспубліканскі каляндар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Френски революционен календар – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Френски революционен календар" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franzesischa_Revolutionskalenda" title="Franzesischa Revolutionskalenda – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Franzesischa Revolutionskalenda" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiziadur_republikan_gall" title="Deiziadur republikan gall – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Deiziadur republikan gall" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendari_republic%C3%A0_franc%C3%A8s" title="Calendari republicà francès – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Calendari republicà francès" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%BD_revolu%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_kalend%C3%A1%C5%99" title="Francouzský revoluční kalendář – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Francouzský revoluční kalendář" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_franske_republikanske_kalender" title="Den franske republikanske kalender – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den franske republikanske kalender" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%C3%B6sischer_Revolutionskalender" title="Französischer Revolutionskalender – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Französischer Revolutionskalender" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prantsuse_revolutsioonikalender" title="Prantsuse revolutsioonikalender – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prantsuse revolutsioonikalender" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%97%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Γαλλικό Δημοκρατικό Ημερολόγιο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γαλλικό Δημοκρατικό Ημερολόγιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_republicano_franc%C3%A9s" title="Calendario republicano francés – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Calendario republicano francés" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franca_respublika_kalendaro" title="Franca respublika kalendaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Franca respublika kalendaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egutegi_errepublikanoa" title="Egutegi errepublikanoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Egutegi errepublikanoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="تقویم جمهوری فرانسه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تقویم جمهوری فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" title="Calendrier républicain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Calendrier républicain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ACosachan_poblachdach_na_Frainge" title="Mìosachan poblachdach na Frainge – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mìosachan poblachdach na Frainge" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_republicano_franc%C3%A9s" title="Calendario republicano francés – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Calendario republicano francés" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4_%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85%EB%A0%A5" title="프랑스 혁명력 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑스 혁명력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%85%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D6%81" title="Հանրապետական օրացույց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հանրապետական օրացույց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuski_republikanski_kalendar" title="Francuski republikanski kalendar – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Francuski republikanski kalendar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franca_republikala_kalendario" title="Franca republikala kalendario – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Franca republikala kalendario" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalender_Revolusi_Prancis" title="Kalender Revolusi Prancis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalender Revolusi Prancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_rivoluzionario_francese" title="Calendario rivoluzionario francese – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Calendario rivoluzionario francese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%91%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA" title="לוח השנה המהפכני בצרפת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לוח השנה המהפכני בצרפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pananggalan_R%C3%A9volusi_Prancis" title="Pananggalan Révolusi Prancis – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pananggalan Révolusi Prancis" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Француз республикан орузлама – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Француз республикан орузлама" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="საფრანგეთის რევოლუციის კალენდარი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საფრანგეთის რევოლუციის კალენდარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dydhyador_an_Repoblek_Frynkek" title="Dydhyador an Repoblek Frynkek – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Dydhyador an Repoblek Frynkek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalandriye_repibliken" title="Kalandriye repibliken – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kalandriye repibliken" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalandriy%C3%A9_r%C3%A9pibliken" title="Kalandriyé répibliken – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kalandriyé répibliken" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendarium_republicanum_Francicum" title="Calendarium republicanum Francicum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Calendarium republicanum Francicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikanesche_Kalenner" title="Republikanesche Kalenner – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Republikanesche Kalenner" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranc%C5%ABzijos_respublikos_kalendorius" title="Prancūzijos respublikos kalendorius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prancūzijos respublikos kalendorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_de_la_Revolui_Franses" title="Calendario de la Revolui Franses – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Calendario de la Revolui Franses" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francia_forradalmi_napt%C3%A1r" title="Francia forradalmi naptár – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Francia forradalmi naptár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Француски републикански календар – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Француски републикански календар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC_(%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D)" title="റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ കലണ്ടർ (ഫ്രാൻസ്) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കൻ കലണ്ടർ (ഫ്രാൻസ്)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%89" title="تقويم جمهورى فرنساوى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تقويم جمهورى فرنساوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takwim_Revolusi_Perancis" title="Takwim Revolusi Perancis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Takwim Revolusi Perancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franse_republikeinse_kalender" title="Franse republikeinse kalender – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Franse republikeinse kalender" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E6%9A%A6" title="フランス革命暦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランス革命暦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_franske_republikanske_kalender" title="Den franske republikanske kalender – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den franske republikanske kalender" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendi%C3%A8r_republican" title="Calendièr republican – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Calendièr republican" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuski_kalendarz_rewolucyjny" title="Francuski kalendarz rewolucyjny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Francuski kalendarz rewolucyjny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calend%C3%A1rio_revolucion%C3%A1rio_franc%C3%AAs" title="Calendário revolucionário francês – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Calendário revolucionário francês" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendarul_republican_francez" title="Calendarul republican francez – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Calendarul republican francez" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Французский республиканский календарь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Французский республиканский календарь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Republican_Calendar" title="French Republican Calendar – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="French Republican Calendar" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Republican_calendar" title="French Republican calendar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="French Republican calendar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franc%C3%BAzsky_revolu%C4%8Dn%C3%BD_kalend%C3%A1r" title="Francúzsky revolučný kalendár – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Francúzsky revolučný kalendár" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koledar_francoske_revolucije" title="Koledar francoske revolucije – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Koledar francoske revolucije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Француски револуционарни календар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Француски револуционарни календар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuski_revolucionarni_kalendar" title="Francuski revolucionarni kalendar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Francuski revolucionarni kalendar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vallankumouskalenteri" title="Vallankumouskalenteri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vallankumouskalenteri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franska_revolutionskalendern" title="Franska revolutionskalendern – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Franska revolutionskalendern" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="ปฏิทินสาธารณรัฐฝรั่งเศส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปฏิทินสาธารณรัฐฝรั่งเศส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans%C4%B1z_cumhuriyet%C3%A7i_takvimi" title="Fransız cumhuriyetçi takvimi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fransız cumhuriyetçi takvimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Французький революційний календар – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Французький революційний календар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_C%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Lịch Cộng hòa Pháp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lịch Cộng hòa Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calindr%C3%AE_republikin" title="Calindrî republikin – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Calindrî republikin" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%8E%86" title="法国共和历 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="法国共和历" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E6%9B%86" title="法國共和曆 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="法國共和曆" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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href="/wiki/File:Calendrier-republicain-debucourt2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Calendrier-republicain-debucourt2.jpg/220px-Calendrier-republicain-debucourt2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Calendrier-republicain-debucourt2.jpg/330px-Calendrier-republicain-debucourt2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Calendrier-republicain-debucourt2.jpg/440px-Calendrier-republicain-debucourt2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5784" data-file-height="6810" /></a><figcaption>French Republican Calendar of 1794, drawn by <a href="/wiki/Philibert-Louis_Debucourt" title="Philibert-Louis Debucourt">Philibert-Louis Debucourt</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>French Republican calendar</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">calendrier républicain français</i>), also commonly called the <b>French Revolutionary calendar</b> (<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">calendrier révolutionnaire français</i></span>), was a <a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">calendar</a> created and implemented during the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, and used by the French government for about 12 years from late 1793 to 1805, and for 18 days by the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a> in 1871, and meant to replace the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The calendar consisted of twelve 30-day months, each divided into three 10-day cycles similar to weeks, plus five or six <a href="/wiki/Intercalary_days" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercalary days">intercalary days</a> at the end to fill out the balance of a <a href="/wiki/Solar_year" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar year">solar year</a>. It was designed in part to remove all religious and <a href="/wiki/Royalist" title="Royalist">royalist</a> influences from the calendar, and it was part of a larger attempt at <a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">dechristianisation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Decimalisation" title="Decimalisation">decimalisation</a> in France (which also included <a href="/wiki/Decimal_time" title="Decimal time">decimal time</a> of day, <a href="/wiki/Decimalisation" title="Decimalisation">decimalisation</a> of currency, and <a href="/wiki/Metrication" title="Metrication">metrication</a>). It was used in government records in France and other areas under French rule, including <a href="/wiki/History_of_Belgium#French_control" title="History of Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Luxembourg#French_invasion" title="History of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>, and parts of the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beginning_and_ending">Beginning and ending</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Beginning and ending"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Constituent_Assembly_(France)" title="National Constituent Assembly (France)">National Constituent Assembly</a> at first intended to create a new calendar marking the "era of Liberty", beginning on 14 July 1789, the date of the <a href="/wiki/Storming_of_the_Bastille" title="Storming of the Bastille">Storming of the Bastille</a>. However, on 2 January 1792 its successor the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_(France)" title="Legislative Assembly (France)">Legislative Assembly</a> decided that Year IV of Liberty had begun the day before. Year I had therefore begun on 1 January 1789. </p><p>On 21 September 1792, the <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a> was <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_abolition_of_the_monarchy" title="Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy">proclaimed</a>, and the new <a href="/wiki/National_Convention" title="National Convention">National Convention</a> decided that 1792 was to be known as Year I of the French Republic. It decreed on 2 January 1793 that Year II of the Republic had begun the day before. However, the new calendar as adopted by the Convention in October 1793 made 22 September 1792 the first day of Year I. </p><p>Ultimately, the calendar came to commemorate the Republic, and not the Revolution. The Common Era, commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, was abolished and replaced with <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">l'ère républicaine</i></span>, the Republican Era, signifying the "age of reason" overcoming superstition, as part of the campaign of <a href="/wiki/Dechristianization" class="mw-redirect" title="Dechristianization">dechristianisation</a>. </p><p>The First Republic ended with the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="Coronation of Napoleon">coronation of Napoleon I as Emperor</a> on 11 Frimaire, Year XIII, or 2 December 1804. Despite this, the republican calendar continued to be used until 1 January 1806, when Napoleon declared it abolished. It was briefly used again for a few weeks of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a>, in May 1871. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview_and_origins">Overview and origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview and origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Precursor">Precursor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Precursor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The prominent atheist essayist and philosopher <a href="/wiki/Sylvain_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Sylvain Maréchal">Sylvain Maréchal</a> published the first edition of his <i>Almanach des Honnêtes-gens</i> (Almanac of Honest People) in 1788.<sup id="cite_ref-Marechal_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marechal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first month in the almanac is "Mars, ou Princeps" (March, or First), the last month is "Février, ou Duodécembre" (February, or Twelfth). The lengths of the months are the same as those in the Gregorian calendar; however, the 10th, 20th, and 30th days are singled out of each month as the end of a <i>décade</i> (group of ten days). Individual days were assigned, instead of to the traditional saints, to people noteworthy for mostly secular achievements. Later editions of the almanac would switch to the Republican Calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Musee-historique-lausanne-img_0143.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Musee-historique-lausanne-img_0143.jpg/220px-Musee-historique-lausanne-img_0143.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Musee-historique-lausanne-img_0143.jpg/330px-Musee-historique-lausanne-img_0143.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Musee-historique-lausanne-img_0143.jpg/440px-Musee-historique-lausanne-img_0143.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1445" data-file-height="1714" /></a><figcaption>A copy of the French Republican Calendar in the Historical Museum of Lausanne</figcaption></figure> <p>The days of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">Republic</a> saw many efforts to sweep away various trappings of the <i><a href="/wiki/Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancien Régime">Ancien Régime</a></i> (the old feudal monarchy); some of these were more successful than others. The new Republican government sought to institute, among other reforms, a new social and legal system, a new system of weights and measures (which became the <a href="/wiki/Metric_system" title="Metric system">metric system</a>), and a new calendar. </p><p>Amid nostalgia for the ancient <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>, the theories of the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a> were at their peak, and the devisers of the new systems looked to nature for their inspiration. Natural constants, multiples of ten, and <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> derivations formed the fundamental blocks from which the new systems were built. </p><p>The new calendar was created by a commission under the direction of the politician <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Romme" title="Gilbert Romme">Gilbert Romme</a> seconded by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Joseph_Ferry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Joseph Ferry (page does not exist)">Claude Joseph Ferry</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Joseph_Ferry" class="extiw" title="fr:Claude Joseph Ferry">fr</a>]</span> and <a href="/wiki/Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois_Dupuis" title="Charles-François Dupuis">Charles-François Dupuis</a>. They associated with their work the chemist <a href="/wiki/Louis-Bernard_Guyton_de_Morveau" title="Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau">Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau</a>, the mathematician and astronomer <a href="/wiki/Joseph-Louis_Lagrange" title="Joseph-Louis Lagrange">Joseph-Louis Lagrange</a>, the astronomer <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Lalande" title="Jérôme Lalande">Jérôme Lalande</a>, the mathematician <a href="/wiki/Gaspard_Monge" title="Gaspard Monge">Gaspard Monge</a>, the astronomer and naval geographer <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Guy_Pingr%C3%A9" title="Alexandre Guy Pingré">Alexandre Guy Pingré</a>, and the poet, actor and playwright <a href="/wiki/Fabre_d%27%C3%89glantine" title="Fabre d'Églantine">Fabre d'Églantine</a>, who invented the names of the months, with the help of <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Thouin" title="André Thouin">André Thouin</a>, gardener at the <a href="/wiki/Jardin_des_plantes" title="Jardin des plantes">Jardin des plantes</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9um_National_d%27Histoire_Naturelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle">Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle</a> in Paris. As the <a href="/wiki/Rapporteur" title="Rapporteur">rapporteur</a> of the commission, Charles-Gilbert Romme presented the new calendar to the <a href="/wiki/Jacobin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobin">Jacobin</a>-controlled <a href="/wiki/National_Convention" title="National Convention">National Convention</a> on 23 September 1793, which adopted it on 24 October 1793 and also extended it <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proleptic" class="extiw" title="wikt:proleptic">proleptically</a> to its <a href="/wiki/Epoch" title="Epoch">epoch</a> of 22 September 1792. It is because of his position as rapporteur of the commission that the creation of the republican calendar is attributed to Romme.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The calendar is frequently named the "French Revolutionary Calendar" because it was created during the Revolution, but this is a slight misnomer. In France, it is known as the <i>calendrier républicain</i> as well as the <i>calendrier révolutionnaire</i>. There was initially a debate as to whether the calendar should celebrate the Great Revolution, which began in July 1789, or the Republic, which was established in 1792.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Immediately following 14 July 1789, papers and pamphlets started calling 1789 year I of Liberty and the following years II and III. It was in 1792, with the practical problem of dating financial transactions, that the legislative assembly was confronted with the problem of the calendar. Originally, the choice of epoch was either 1 January 1789 or 14 July 1789. After some hesitation the assembly decided on 2 January 1792 that all official documents would use the "era of Liberty" and that the year IV of Liberty started on 1 January 1792. This usage was modified on 22 September 1792 when the Republic was proclaimed and the Convention decided that all public documents would be dated Year I of the French Republic. The decree of 2 January 1793 stipulated that the year II of the Republic began on 1 January 1793; this was revoked with the introduction of the new calendar, which set 22 September 1793 as the beginning of year II. The establishment of the Republic was used as the epochal date for the calendar; therefore, the calendar commemorates the Republic, and not the Revolution. </p><p>French coins of the period naturally used this calendar. Many show the year (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">an</i>) in Arabic numbers, although Roman numerals were used on some issues. Year 11 coins typically have a XI date to avoid confusion with the Roman II. </p><p>The French Revolution is usually considered to have ended with the <a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire">coup of 18 Brumaire</a>, Year VIII (9 November 1799), the <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> against the established constitutional regime of the <i><a href="/wiki/Directoire" class="mw-redirect" title="Directoire">Directoire</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PereDuchesneIllustre1_1_0.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/PereDuchesneIllustre1_1_0.png/170px-PereDuchesneIllustre1_1_0.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/PereDuchesneIllustre1_1_0.png/255px-PereDuchesneIllustre1_1_0.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/PereDuchesneIllustre1_1_0.png/340px-PereDuchesneIllustre1_1_0.png 2x" data-file-width="1485" data-file-height="2202" /></a><figcaption>1 Floréal, Year 79 issue of <i><a href="/wiki/Le_P%C3%A8re_Duchesne_(19th_century)" title="Le Père Duchesne (19th century)">The Son of Père Duchêne</a></i>, a newspaper published during the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1801" title="Concordat of 1801">Concordat of 1801</a> re-established the Roman Catholic Church as an official institution in France, although not as the state religion of France. The concordat took effect from Easter Sunday, 28 Germinal, Year XI (8 April 1802); it restored the names of the days of the week to the ones from the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, and fixed Sunday as the official day of rest and religious celebration.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the other attributes of the republican calendar, the months, and years, remained as they were. </p><p>The French Republic ended with the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="Coronation of Napoleon">coronation of Napoleon</a> as <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Empereur des Français</i></span> (Emperor of the French) on 11 Frimaire, Year XIII (2 December 1804), but the republican calendar would remain in place for another year. <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> finally abolished the republican calendar with effect from 1 January 1806 (the day after 10 Nivôse Year XIV), a little over twelve years after its introduction. It was, however, used again briefly in the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_officiel" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal officiel">Journal officiel</a></i> for some dates during a short period of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a>, 6–23 May 1871 (16 Floréal–3 Prairial Year LXXIX).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Calendar_design">Calendar design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Calendar design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_revolutionary_date.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/French_revolutionary_date.JPG/220px-French_revolutionary_date.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/French_revolutionary_date.JPG/330px-French_revolutionary_date.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/French_revolutionary_date.JPG/440px-French_revolutionary_date.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>L AN 2 DE LA REPUBLIQUE FR (Year 2 of the French Republic) on a barn near Geneva, dating to 1793 or 1794</figcaption></figure> <p>Years appear in writing as <a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a> (usually), with epoch 22 September 1792, the beginning of the "Republican Era" (the day the <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a> was proclaimed, one day after the Convention abolished the monarchy). As a result, Roman Numeral I indicates the first year of the republic, that is, the year before the calendar actually came into use. By law, the beginning of each year was set at midnight, beginning on the day the apparent <a href="/wiki/September_equinox" title="September equinox">autumnal equinox</a> falls at the Paris Observatory. </p><p>There were twelve months, each divided into three ten-day weeks called <i>décades</i>. The tenth day, <i>décadi</i>, replaced Sunday as the day of rest and festivity. The five or six extra days needed to approximate the solar or <a href="/wiki/Tropical_year" title="Tropical year">tropical year</a> were placed after the final month of each year and called <a href="/wiki/Sansculottides" title="Sansculottides">complementary days</a>. This arrangement was an almost exact copy of the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">calendar used by the Ancient Egyptians</a>, though in their case the year did not begin and end on the autumnal equinox. </p><p>A period of four years ending on a leap day was to be called a "Franciade". The name "<a href="/wiki/Olympiad" title="Olympiad">Olympique</a>" was originally proposed<sup id="cite_ref-Rapportsur_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rapportsur-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but changed to Franciade to commemorate the fact that it had taken the revolution four years to establish a republican government in France.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leap year was called <i>Sextile</i>, an allusion to the "<a href="/wiki/Bissextus" title="Bissextus">bissextile</a>" <a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">leap years</a> of the Julian and Gregorian calendars, because it contained a sixth complementary day. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decimal_time">Decimal time</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Decimal time"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Decimal_time#France" title="Decimal time">Decimal time § France</a></div> <p>Each day in the Republican Calendar was divided into ten hours, each hour into 100 decimal minutes, and each decimal minute into 100 decimal seconds. Thus an hour was 144 conventional minutes (2.4 times as long as a conventional hour), a minute was 86.4 conventional seconds (44% longer than a conventional minute), and a second was 0.864 conventional seconds (13.6% shorter than a conventional second). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Clock" title="Clock">Clocks</a> were manufactured to display this <a href="/wiki/Decimal_time" title="Decimal time">decimal time</a>, but it did not catch on. Mandatory use of decimal time was officially suspended 7 April 1795, although some cities continued to use decimal time as late as 1801.<sup id="cite_ref-Carrigan_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carrigan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The numbering of years in the Republican Calendar by <a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a> ran counter to this general decimalisation tendency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Months">Months</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Months"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Republican calendar year began the day the <a href="/wiki/September_equinox" title="September equinox">autumnal equinox</a> occurred in Paris, and had twelve months of 30 days each, which were given new names based on nature, principally having to do with the prevailing weather in and around Paris and sometimes evoking the Medieval <a href="/wiki/Labours_of_the_Months" title="Labours of the Months">Labours of the Months</a>. The extra five or six days in the year were not given a month designation, but considered <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sansculottides" title="Sansculottides">Sansculottides</a></span></span> or <a href="#Complementary_days">Complementary Days</a>. </p> <ul><li>Autumn: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vend%C3%A9miaire" title="Vendémiaire">Vendémiaire</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">vendange</i></span>, which means 'grape harvest', derived from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">vindemia</i></span> 'vintage'), starting 22, 23, or 24 September</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brumaire" title="Brumaire">Brumaire</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">brume</i></span> 'mist', from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">brūma</i></span> 'winter solstice; winter; winter cold'), starting 22, 23, or 24 October</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frimaire" title="Frimaire">Frimaire</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">frimas</i></span> 'frost'), starting 21, 22, or 23 November</li></ul></li> <li>Winter: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niv%C3%B4se" title="Nivôse">Nivôse</a> (from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">nivosus</i></span> 'snowy'), starting 21, 22, or 23 December</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluvi%C3%B4se" title="Pluviôse">Pluviôse</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">pluvieux</i></span>, derived from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">pluvius</i></span> 'rainy'), starting 20, 21, or 22 January</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vent%C3%B4se" title="Ventôse">Ventôse</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">venteux</i></span>, derived from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ventosus</i></span> 'windy'), starting 19, 20, or 21 February</li></ul></li> <li>Spring: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germinal_(month)" title="Germinal (month)">Germinal</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">germination</i></span>), starting 21 or 22 March</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flor%C3%A9al" title="Floréal">Floréal</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">fleur</i></span>, derived from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">flos</i></span> 'flower'), starting 20 or 21 April</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairial" title="Prairial">Prairial</a> (from French <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">prairie</i></span> 'meadow'), starting 20 or 21 May</li></ul></li> <li>Summer: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messidor" title="Messidor">Messidor</a> (from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">messis</i></span> 'harvest'), starting 19 or 20 June</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermidor" title="Thermidor">Thermidor</a> (from Greek <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">θέρμη</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">thermē</i></span>, 'summer heat'), starting 19 or 20 July; on many printed calendars of Year II (1793–94), the month of <i>Thermidor</i> was named <i>Fervidor</i> (from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">fervidus</i></span>, "burning hot")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fructidor" title="Fructidor">Fructidor</a> (from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">fructus</i></span> 'fruit'), starting 18 or 19 August</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Most of the month names were new words coined from French, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>. The endings of the names are grouped by season. <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">-dor</i></span> comes from <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">δῶρον</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">dō̂ron</i></span> means 'giving' in Greek.<sup id="cite_ref-Carlyle_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carlyle-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Britain, a contemporary wit mocked the Republican Calendar by calling the months: <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wheezy" class="extiw" title="wikt:wheezy">Wheezy</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sneezy" class="extiw" title="wikt:sneezy">Sneezy</a>, and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/freezy" class="extiw" title="wikt:freezy">Freezy</a>; <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/slippy" class="extiw" title="wikt:slippy">Slippy</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/drippy" class="extiw" title="wikt:drippy">Drippy</a>, and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nippy" class="extiw" title="wikt:nippy">Nippy</a>; <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/showery" class="extiw" title="wikt:showery">Showery</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/flowery" class="extiw" title="wikt:flowery">Flowery</a>, and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bowery" class="extiw" title="wikt:bowery">Bowery</a>; <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hoppy" class="extiw" title="wikt:hoppy">Hoppy</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/croppy" class="extiw" title="wikt:croppy">Croppy</a>, and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/poppy" class="extiw" title="wikt:poppy">Poppy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The historian <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Thomas Carlyle</a> suggested somewhat more serious English names in his 1837 work <i><a href="/wiki/The_French_Revolution:_A_History" title="The French Revolution: A History">The French Revolution: A History</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Carlyle_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carlyle-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> namely Vintagearious, Fogarious, Frostarious, Snowous, Rainous, Windous, Buddal, Floweral, Meadowal, Reapidor, Heatidor, and Fruitidor. Like the French originals, they are <a href="/wiki/Neologism" title="Neologism">neologisms</a> suggesting a meaning related to the season. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ten_days_of_the_week">Ten days of the week</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ten days of the week"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montre_revolutionnaire-IMG_4629-black.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Montre_revolutionnaire-IMG_4629-black.jpg/220px-Montre_revolutionnaire-IMG_4629-black.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Montre_revolutionnaire-IMG_4629-black.jpg/330px-Montre_revolutionnaire-IMG_4629-black.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Montre_revolutionnaire-IMG_4629-black.jpg/440px-Montre_revolutionnaire-IMG_4629-black.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>French Revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Pocket_watch" title="Pocket watch">pocket watch</a> showing ten-day <i>décade</i> names and thirty-day month numbers from the Republican Calendar, but with duodecimal time. On display at the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_et_d%27Histoire_(Neuch%C3%A2tel)" title="Musée d'Art et d'Histoire (Neuchâtel)">Musée d'Art et d'Histoire (Neuchâtel)</a> In Switzerland.</figcaption></figure> <p>The month is divided into three <i>décades</i> or "weeks" of ten days each, named: </p> <ul><li><i>primidi</i> (first day)</li> <li><i>duodi</i> (second day)</li> <li><i>tridi</i> (third day)</li> <li><i>quartidi</i> (fourth day)</li> <li><i>quintidi</i> (fifth day)</li> <li><i>sextidi</i> (sixth day)</li> <li><i>septidi</i> (seventh day)</li> <li><i>octidi</i> (eighth day)</li> <li><i>nonidi</i> (ninth day)</li> <li><i>décadi</i> (tenth day)</li></ul> <p>Décadis became official days of rest instead of Sundays, in order to diminish the influence of the Roman Catholic Church. They were used for the festivals of a succession of new religions meant to replace Catholicism: the <a href="/wiki/Cult_of_Reason" title="Cult of Reason">Cult of Reason</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cult_of_the_Supreme_Being" title="Cult of the Supreme Being">Cult of the Supreme Being</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Decadary_Cult" title="Decadary Cult">Decadary Cult</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Theophilanthropy" title="Theophilanthropy">Theophilanthropy</a>. Christian holidays were officially abolished in favor of revolutionary holidays. </p><p>The law of 13 Fructidor year VI (August 30, 1798) required that marriages must only be celebrated on décadis. This law was applied from the 1st Vendémiaire year VII (September 22, 1798) to 28 Pluviôse year VIII (February 17, 1800). </p><p>Décades were abandoned at the changeover from Germinal to Floréal year X (20 to 21 April 1802), after Napoleon's Concordat with the Pope.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rural_calendar">Rural calendar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Rural calendar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a> used a <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">calendar of saints</a>, which named each day of the year after an associated <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a>. To reduce the influence of the Church, <a href="/wiki/Fabre_d%27%C3%89glantine" title="Fabre d'Églantine">Fabre d'Églantine</a> introduced a Rural Calendar in which each day of the year had a unique name associated with the <a href="/wiki/Rural_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rural economy">rural economy</a>, stated to correspond to the time of year. Every <i>décadi</i> (ending in 0) was named after an agricultural tool. Each <i>quintidi</i> (ending in 5) was named for a common animal. The rest of the days were named for "grain, pasture, trees, roots, flowers, fruits" and other plants, except for the first month of winter, Nivôse, during which the rest of the days were named after minerals.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Our starting point was the idea of celebrating, through the calendar, the agricultural system, and of leading the nation back to it, marking the times and the fractions of the year by intelligible or visible signs taken from agriculture and the rural economy. (...) </p><p>As the calendar is something that we use so often, we must take advantage of this frequency of use to put elementary notions of agriculture before the people – to show the richness of nature, to make them love the fields, and to methodically show them the order of the influences of the heavens and of the products of the earth. </p><p>The priests assigned the commemoration of a so-called saint to each day of the year: this catalogue exhibited neither utility nor method; it was a collection of lies, of deceit or of charlatanism. </p><p>We thought that the nation, after having kicked out this canonised mob from its calendar, must replace it with the objects that make up the true riches of the nation, worthy objects not from a cult, but from agriculture – useful products of the soil, the tools that we use to cultivate it, and the domesticated animals, our faithful servants in these works; animals much more precious, without doubt, to the eye of reason, than the beatified skeletons pulled from the catacombs of Rome. </p><p>So we have arranged in the column of each month, the names of the real treasures of the rural economy. The grains, the pastures, the trees, the roots, the flowers, the fruits, the plants are arranged in the calendar, in such a way that the place and the day of the month that each product occupies is precisely the season and the day that Nature presents it to us. </p> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Fabre d'Églantine, "Rapport fait à la Convention nationale au nom de la Commission chargée de la confection du Calendrier",<sup id="cite_ref-Rapport_Fabre_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rapport_Fabre-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Imprimerie nationale, 1793</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The following pictures, showing twelve allegories for the months, were illustrated by French painter <a href="/wiki/Louis_Lafitte" title="Louis Lafitte">Louis Lafitte</a> (1779–1828), and engraved by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvatore_Tresca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvatore Tresca (page does not exist)">Salvatore Tresca</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvatore_Tresca" class="extiw" title="fr:Salvatore Tresca">fr</a>]</span> (1750–1815).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Autumn">Autumn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Autumn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vend%C3%A9miaire_commence_le_22_septembre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Vend%C3%A9miaire_commence_le_22_septembre.jpg/218px-Vend%C3%A9miaire_commence_le_22_septembre.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Vend%C3%A9miaire_commence_le_22_septembre.jpg/327px-Vend%C3%A9miaire_commence_le_22_septembre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Vend%C3%A9miaire_commence_le_22_septembre.jpg/436px-Vend%C3%A9miaire_commence_le_22_septembre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="655" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Vend%C3%A9miaire" title="Vendémiaire">Vendémiaire</a><br />(22/24 September – 21/23 October) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Sep </span></i></td><td> Raisin (<a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">Grape</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Sep </span></i></td><td> Safran (<a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">Saffron</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Sep </span></i></td><td> Châtaigne (<a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">Chestnut</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Sep </span></i></td><td> Colchique (<a href="/wiki/Colchicum_autumnale" title="Colchicum autumnale">Autumn Crocus</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Sep </span></i></td><td> Cheval (<a href="/wiki/Horse" title="Horse">Horse</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Sep </span></i></td><td> Balsamine (<a href="/wiki/Impatiens" title="Impatiens">Impatiens</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Sep </span></i></td><td> Carotte (<a href="/wiki/Carrot" title="Carrot">Carrot</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Sep </span></i></td><td> Amaranthe (<a href="/wiki/Amaranth" title="Amaranth">Amaranth</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Sep </span></i></td><td> Panais (<a href="/wiki/Parsnip" title="Parsnip">Parsnip</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Oct </span></i></td><td> Cuve (<a href="/wiki/Storage_tank" title="Storage tank">Vat</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Oct </span></i></td><td> Pomme de terre (<a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">Potato</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Oct </span></i></td><td> Immortelle (<a href="/wiki/Helichrysum_arenarium" title="Helichrysum arenarium">Strawflower</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Oct </span></i></td><td> Potiron (<a href="/wiki/Winter_squash" title="Winter squash">Winter squash</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Oct </span></i></td><td> Réséda (<a href="/wiki/Reseda_(plant)" title="Reseda (plant)">Mignonette</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Oct </span></i></td><td> Âne (<a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">Donkey</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Oct </span></i></td><td> Belle de nuit (<a href="/wiki/Four_o%27clock_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="Four o'clock flower">Four o'clock flower</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Oct </span></i></td><td> Citrouille (<a href="/wiki/Pumpkin" title="Pumpkin">Pumpkin</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Oct </span></i></td><td> Sarrasin (<a href="/wiki/Buckwheat" title="Buckwheat">Buckwheat</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Oct </span></i></td><td> Tournesol (<a href="/wiki/Helianthus" title="Helianthus">Sunflower</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Oct </span></i></td><td> Pressoir (<a href="/wiki/Fruit_press" title="Fruit press">Wine-Press</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Oct </span></i></td><td> Chanvre (<a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Oct </span></i></td><td> Pêche (<a href="/wiki/Peach" title="Peach">Peach</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Oct </span></i></td><td> Navet (<a href="/wiki/Turnip" title="Turnip">Turnip</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Oct </span></i></td><td> Amaryllis (<a href="/wiki/Amaryllis" title="Amaryllis">Amaryllis</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Oct </span></i></td><td> Bœuf (<a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">Ox</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 Oct </span></i></td><td> Aubergine (<a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 Oct </span></i></td><td> Piment (<a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">Chili pepper</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 Oct </span></i></td><td> Tomate (<a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 Oct </span></i></td><td> Orge (<a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">Barley</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 Oct </span></i></td><td> Tonneau (<a href="/wiki/Barrel#Beverage_maturing" title="Barrel">Barrel</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brumaire_commence_le_23_octobre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Brumaire_commence_le_23_octobre.jpg/219px-Brumaire_commence_le_23_octobre.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Brumaire_commence_le_23_octobre.jpg/329px-Brumaire_commence_le_23_octobre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Brumaire_commence_le_23_octobre.jpg/439px-Brumaire_commence_le_23_octobre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="659" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Brumaire" title="Brumaire">Brumaire</a><br />(22/24 October – 20/22 November) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Oct </span></i></td><td> Pomme (<a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">Apple</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Oct </span></i></td><td> Céleri (<a href="/wiki/Celery" title="Celery">Celery</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Oct </span></i></td><td> Poire (<a href="/wiki/Pear" title="Pear">Pear</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Oct </span></i></td><td> Betterave (<a href="/wiki/Beetroot" title="Beetroot">Beetroot</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Oct </span></i></td><td> Oie (<a href="/wiki/Goose" title="Goose">Goose</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Oct </span></i></td><td> Héliotrope (<a href="/wiki/Heliotropium" title="Heliotropium">Heliotrope</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Oct </span></i></td><td> Figue (<a href="/wiki/Common_fig" class="mw-redirect" title="Common fig">Common fig</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Oct </span></i></td><td> Scorsonère (<a href="/wiki/Black_Salsify" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Salsify">Black Salsify</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Oct </span></i></td><td> Alisier (<a href="/wiki/Chequer_Tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Chequer Tree">Chequer Tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">31 Oct </span></i></td><td> Charrue (<a href="/wiki/Plough" title="Plough">Plough</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Nov </span></i></td><td> Salsifis (<a href="/wiki/Tragopogon_porrifolius" title="Tragopogon porrifolius">Salsify</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Nov </span></i></td><td> Mâcre (<a href="/wiki/Water_caltrop" title="Water caltrop">Water caltrop</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Nov </span></i></td><td> Topinambour (<a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_artichoke" title="Jerusalem artichoke">Jerusalem artichoke</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Nov </span></i></td><td> Endive (<a href="/wiki/Endive" title="Endive">Endive</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Nov </span></i></td><td> Dindon (<a href="/wiki/Turkey_(bird)" title="Turkey (bird)">Turkey</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Nov </span></i></td><td> Chervis (<a href="/wiki/Skirret" class="mw-redirect" title="Skirret">Skirret</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Nov </span></i></td><td> Cresson (<a href="/wiki/Watercress" title="Watercress">Watercress</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Nov </span></i></td><td> Dentelaire (<a href="/wiki/Plumbaginaceae" title="Plumbaginaceae">Leadworts</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Nov </span></i></td><td> Grenade (<a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Nov </span></i></td><td> Herse (<a href="/wiki/Harrow_(tool)" title="Harrow (tool)">Harrow</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Nov </span></i></td><td> Bacchante (<a href="/wiki/Baccharis_halimifolia" title="Baccharis halimifolia">Baccharis</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Nov </span></i></td><td> Azerole (<a href="/wiki/Azarole" class="mw-redirect" title="Azarole">Azarole</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Nov </span></i></td><td> Garance (<a href="/wiki/Madder" class="mw-redirect" title="Madder">Madder</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Nov </span></i></td><td> Orange (<a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">Orange</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Nov </span></i></td><td> Faisan (<a href="/wiki/Pheasant" title="Pheasant">Pheasant</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Nov </span></i></td><td> Pistache (<a href="/wiki/Pistachio_Nut" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistachio Nut">Pistachio Nut</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 Nov </span></i></td><td> Macjonc (<a href="/wiki/Tuberous_pea" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuberous pea">Tuberous pea</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 Nov </span></i></td><td> Coing (<a href="/wiki/Quince" title="Quince">Quince</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 Nov </span></i></td><td> Cormier (<a href="/wiki/Sorbus_domestica" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorbus domestica">Service tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 Nov </span></i></td><td> Rouleau (<a href="/wiki/Roller_(agricultural_tool)" title="Roller (agricultural tool)">Roller</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Frimaire_commence_le_22_novembre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Frimaire_commence_le_22_novembre.jpg/217px-Frimaire_commence_le_22_novembre.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Frimaire_commence_le_22_novembre.jpg/326px-Frimaire_commence_le_22_novembre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Frimaire_commence_le_22_novembre.jpg/435px-Frimaire_commence_le_22_novembre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Frimaire" title="Frimaire">Frimaire</a><br />(21/23 November – 20/22 December) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 Nov </span></i></td><td> Raiponce (<a href="/wiki/Phyteuma" title="Phyteuma">Rampion</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Nov </span></i></td><td> Turneps (<a href="/wiki/Turnip" title="Turnip">Cattle turnip</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Nov </span></i></td><td> Chicorée (<a href="/wiki/Chicory" title="Chicory">Chicory</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Nov </span></i></td><td> Nèfle (<a href="/wiki/Medlar" class="mw-redirect" title="Medlar">Medlar</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Nov </span></i></td><td> Cochon (<a href="/wiki/Pig" title="Pig">Pig</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Nov </span></i></td><td> Mâche (<a href="/wiki/Lamb%27s_lettuce" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamb's lettuce">Lamb's lettuce</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Nov </span></i></td><td> Chou-fleur (<a href="/wiki/Cauliflower" title="Cauliflower">Cauliflower</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Nov </span></i></td><td> Miel (<a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">Honey</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Nov </span></i></td><td> Genièvre (<a href="/wiki/Juniperus_communis" title="Juniperus communis">Juniper</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Nov </span></i></td><td> Pioche (<a href="/wiki/Pickaxe" title="Pickaxe">Pickaxe</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Dec </span></i></td><td> Cire (<a href="/wiki/Wax" title="Wax">Wax</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Dec </span></i></td><td> Raifort (<a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">Horseradish</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Dec </span></i></td><td> Cèdre (<a href="/wiki/Cedrus" title="Cedrus">Cedar tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Dec </span></i></td><td> Sapin (<a href="/wiki/Fir" title="Fir">Fir</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Dec </span></i></td><td> Chevreuil (<a href="/wiki/Roe_deer" title="Roe deer">Roe deer</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Dec </span></i></td><td> Ajonc (<a href="/wiki/Gorse" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorse">Gorse</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Dec </span></i></td><td> Cyprès (<a href="/wiki/Cupressus_sempervirens" title="Cupressus sempervirens">Cypress Tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Dec </span></i></td><td> Lierre (<a href="/wiki/Ivy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivy">Ivy</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Dec </span></i></td><td> Sabine (<a href="/wiki/Savin_Juniper" class="mw-redirect" title="Savin Juniper">Savin Juniper</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Dec </span></i></td><td> Hoyau (<a href="/wiki/Hoe_(tool)" title="Hoe (tool)">Fork hoe</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Dec </span></i></td><td> Érable à sucre (<a href="/wiki/Sugar_Maple" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar Maple">Sugar Maple</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Dec </span></i></td><td> Bruyère (<a href="/wiki/Calluna" title="Calluna">Heather</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Dec </span></i></td><td> Roseau (<a href="/wiki/Phragmites" title="Phragmites">Reed plant</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Dec </span></i></td><td> Oseille (<a href="/wiki/Sorrel" title="Sorrel">Sorrel</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Dec </span></i></td><td> Grillon (<a href="/wiki/Cricket_(insect)" title="Cricket (insect)">Cricket</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Dec </span></i></td><td> Pignon (<a href="/wiki/Pine_nut" title="Pine nut">Pine nut</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 Dec </span></i></td><td> Liège (<a href="/wiki/Cork_(material)" title="Cork (material)">Cork</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 Dec </span></i></td><td> Truffe (<a href="/wiki/Truffle" title="Truffle">Truffle</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 Dec </span></i></td><td> Olive (<a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 Dec </span></i></td><td> Pelle (<a href="/wiki/Shovel" title="Shovel">Shovel</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Winter">Winter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Winter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Niv%C3%B4se_commence_le_22_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Niv%C3%B4se_commence_le_22_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg/219px-Niv%C3%B4se_commence_le_22_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Niv%C3%B4se_commence_le_22_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg/328px-Niv%C3%B4se_commence_le_22_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Niv%C3%B4se_commence_le_22_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg/437px-Niv%C3%B4se_commence_le_22_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Niv%C3%B4se" title="Nivôse">Nivôse</a><br />(21/23 December – 19/21 January) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 21 Dec </span></i></td><td> Tourbe (<a href="/wiki/Peat" title="Peat">Peat</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 22 Dec </span></i></td><td> Houille (<a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">Coal</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 23 Dec </span></i></td><td> Bitume (<a href="/wiki/Bitumen" title="Bitumen">Bitumen</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 24 Dec </span></i></td><td> Soufre (<a href="/wiki/Sulphur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulphur">Sulphur</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 25 Dec </span></i></td><td> Chien (<a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">Dog</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 26 Dec </span></i></td><td> Lave (<a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">Lava</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 27 Dec </span></i></td><td> Terre végétale (<a href="/wiki/Topsoil" title="Topsoil">Topsoil</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 28 Dec </span></i></td><td> Fumier (<a href="/wiki/Manure" title="Manure">Manure</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 29 Dec </span></i></td><td> Salpêtre (<a href="/wiki/Saltpeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Saltpeter">Saltpeter</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 30 Dec </span></i></td><td> Fléau (<a href="/wiki/Flail_(tool)" title="Flail (tool)">Flail</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 31 Dec </span></i></td><td> Granit (<a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">Granite</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 1 Jan </span></i></td><td> Argile (<a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">Clay</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 2 Jan </span></i></td><td> Ardoise (<a href="/wiki/Slate" title="Slate">Slate</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 3 Jan </span></i></td><td> Grès (<a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">Sandstone</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 4 Jan </span></i></td><td> Lapin (<a href="/wiki/Rabbit" title="Rabbit">Rabbit</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 5 Jan </span></i></td><td> Silex (<a href="/wiki/Flint" title="Flint">Flint</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 6 Jan </span></i></td><td> Marne (<a href="/wiki/Marl" title="Marl">Marl</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 7 Jan </span></i></td><td> Pierre à chaux (<a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">Limestone</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 8 Jan </span></i></td><td> Marbre (<a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">Marble</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 9 Jan </span></i></td><td> Van (<a href="/wiki/Winnowing" title="Winnowing">Winnowing fan</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 10 Jan </span></i></td><td> Pierre à plâtre (<a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">Gypsum</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 11 Jan </span></i></td><td> Sel (<a href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">Salt</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 12 Jan </span></i></td><td> Fer (<a href="/wiki/Iron_(material)" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron (material)">Iron</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 13 Jan </span></i></td><td> Cuivre (<a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">Copper</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 14 Jan </span></i></td><td> Chat (<a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Cat</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 15 Jan </span></i></td><td> Étain (<a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Tin</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 16 Jan </span></i></td><td> Plomb (<a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">Lead</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 17 Jan </span></i></td><td> Zinc (<a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 18 Jan </span></i></td><td> Mercure (<a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" title="Mercury (element)">Mercury</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 19 Jan </span></i></td><td> Crible (<a href="/wiki/Sieve" title="Sieve">Sieve</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pluvi%C3%B4se_commence_le_21_ou_22_janvier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pluvi%C3%B4se_commence_le_21_ou_22_janvier.jpg/218px-Pluvi%C3%B4se_commence_le_21_ou_22_janvier.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pluvi%C3%B4se_commence_le_21_ou_22_janvier.jpg/328px-Pluvi%C3%B4se_commence_le_21_ou_22_janvier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pluvi%C3%B4se_commence_le_21_ou_22_janvier.jpg/437px-Pluvi%C3%B4se_commence_le_21_ou_22_janvier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Pluvi%C3%B4se" title="Pluviôse">Pluviôse</a><br />(20/22 January – 18/20 February) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 20 Jan </span></i></td><td> Lauréole (<a href="/wiki/Spurge-laurel" class="mw-redirect" title="Spurge-laurel">Spurge-laurel</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 21 Jan </span></i></td><td> Mousse (<a href="/wiki/Moss" title="Moss">Moss</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 22 Jan </span></i></td><td> Fragon (<a href="/wiki/Butcher%27s_Broom" class="mw-redirect" title="Butcher's Broom">Butcher's Broom</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 23 Jan </span></i></td><td> Perce-neige (<a href="/wiki/Snowdrop" class="mw-redirect" title="Snowdrop">Snowdrop</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 24 Jan </span></i></td><td> Taureau (<a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">Bull</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 25 Jan </span></i></td><td> Laurier-thym (<a href="/wiki/Laurustinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurustinus">Laurustinus</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 26 Jan </span></i></td><td> Amadouvier (<a href="/wiki/Tinder_polypore" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinder polypore">Tinder polypore</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 27 Jan </span></i></td><td> Mézéréon (<a href="/wiki/Daphne_mezereum" title="Daphne mezereum">Daphne mezereum</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 28 Jan </span></i></td><td> Peuplier (<a href="/wiki/Populus" title="Populus">Poplar</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 29 Jan </span></i></td><td> Coignée (<a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axe</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 30 Jan </span></i></td><td> Ellébore (<a href="/wiki/Hellebore" title="Hellebore">Hellebore</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 31 Jan </span></i></td><td> Brocoli (<a href="/wiki/Broccoli" title="Broccoli">Broccoli</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 1 Feb </span></i></td><td> Laurier (<a href="/wiki/Bay_laurel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay laurel">Bay laurel</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 2 Feb </span></i></td><td> Avelinier (<a href="/wiki/Corylus_maxima" title="Corylus maxima">Filbert</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 3 Feb </span></i></td><td> Vache (<a href="/wiki/Cow" class="mw-redirect" title="Cow">Cow</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 4 Feb </span></i></td><td> Buis (<a href="/wiki/Box_(tree)" class="mw-redirect" title="Box (tree)">Box Tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 5 Feb </span></i></td><td> Lichen (<a href="/wiki/Lichen" title="Lichen">Lichen</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 6 Feb </span></i></td><td> If (<a href="/wiki/Taxus_baccata" title="Taxus baccata">Yew tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 7 Feb </span></i></td><td> Pulmonaire (<a href="/wiki/Lungwort" class="mw-redirect" title="Lungwort">Lungwort</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 8 Feb </span></i></td><td> Serpette (<a href="/wiki/Billhook" title="Billhook">Billhook</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 9 Feb </span></i></td><td> Thlaspi (<a href="/wiki/Thlaspi_arvense" title="Thlaspi arvense">Pennycress</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 10 Feb </span></i></td><td> Thimelé (<a href="/wiki/Daphne_cneorum" title="Daphne cneorum">Rose Daphne</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 11 Feb </span></i></td><td> Chiendent (<a href="/wiki/Elymus_repens" title="Elymus repens">Couch grass</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 12 Feb </span></i></td><td> Trainasse (<a href="/wiki/Common_Knotgrass" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Knotgrass">Common Knotgrass</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 13 Feb </span></i></td><td> Lièvre (<a href="/wiki/Hare" title="Hare">Hare</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 14 Feb </span></i></td><td> Guède (<a href="/wiki/Woad" class="mw-redirect" title="Woad">Woad</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 15 Feb </span></i></td><td> Noisetier (<a href="/wiki/Hazel" title="Hazel">Hazel</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 16 Feb </span></i></td><td> Cyclamen (<a href="/wiki/Cyclamen" title="Cyclamen">Cyclamen</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 17 Feb </span></i></td><td> Chélidoine (<a href="/wiki/Greater_celandine" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater celandine">Celandine</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 18 Feb </span></i></td><td> Traîneau (<a href="/wiki/Sleigh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sleigh">Sleigh</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vent%C3%B4se_commence_le_20_ou_21_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vent%C3%B4se_commence_le_20_ou_21_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg/216px-Vent%C3%B4se_commence_le_20_ou_21_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg" decoding="async" width="216" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vent%C3%B4se_commence_le_20_ou_21_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg/325px-Vent%C3%B4se_commence_le_20_ou_21_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vent%C3%B4se_commence_le_20_ou_21_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg/433px-Vent%C3%B4se_commence_le_20_ou_21_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Vent%C3%B4se" title="Ventôse">Ventôse</a><br />(19/21 February – 20/22 March) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 19 Feb </span></i></td><td> Tussilage (<a href="/wiki/Tussilago" title="Tussilago">Coltsfoot</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 20 Feb </span></i></td><td> Cornouiller (<a href="/wiki/Dogwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogwood">Dogwood</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 21 Feb </span></i></td><td> Violier (<a href="/wiki/Matthiola" title="Matthiola">Matthiola</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 22 Feb </span></i></td><td> Troène (<a href="/wiki/Privet" title="Privet">Privet</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 23 Feb </span></i></td><td> Bouc (<a href="/wiki/Billygoat" class="mw-redirect" title="Billygoat">Billygoat</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 24 Feb </span></i></td><td> Asaret (<a href="/wiki/Asarum" title="Asarum">Wild Ginger</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 25 Feb </span></i></td><td> Alaterne (<a href="/wiki/Rhamnus_alaternus" title="Rhamnus alaternus">Italian Buckthorn</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 26 Feb </span></i></td><td> Violette (<a href="/wiki/Viola_(plant)" title="Viola (plant)">Violet</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 27 Feb </span></i></td><td> Marceau (<a href="/wiki/Goat_Willow" class="mw-redirect" title="Goat Willow">Goat Willow</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 28 Feb </span></i></td><td> Bêche (<a href="/wiki/Spade" title="Spade">Spade</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 1 Mar </span></i></td><td> Narcisse (<a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(plant)" title="Narcissus (plant)">Narcissus</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 2 Mar </span></i></td><td> Orme (<a href="/wiki/Elm" title="Elm">Elm</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 3 Mar </span></i></td><td> Fumeterre (<a href="/wiki/Common_fumitory" class="mw-redirect" title="Common fumitory">Common fumitory</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 4 Mar </span></i></td><td> Vélar (<a href="/wiki/Hedge_mustard" class="mw-redirect" title="Hedge mustard">Hedge mustard</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 5 Mar </span></i></td><td> Chèvre (<a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">Goat</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 6 Mar </span></i></td><td> Épinard (<a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 7 Mar </span></i></td><td> Doronic (<a href="/wiki/Doronicum" title="Doronicum">Doronicum</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 8 Mar </span></i></td><td> Mouron (<a href="/wiki/Pimpernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Pimpernel">Pimpernel</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 9 Mar </span></i></td><td> Cerfeuil (<a href="/wiki/Chervil" title="Chervil">Chervil</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 10 Mar </span></i></td><td> Cordeau (<a href="/wiki/Twine" title="Twine">Twine</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 11 Mar </span></i></td><td> Mandragore (<a href="/wiki/Mandragora_officinarum" title="Mandragora officinarum">Mandrake</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 12 Mar </span></i></td><td> Persil (<a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 13 Mar </span></i></td><td> Cochléaria (<a href="/wiki/Scurvy-grass" class="mw-redirect" title="Scurvy-grass">Scurvy-grass</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 14 Mar </span></i></td><td> Pâquerette (<a href="/wiki/Bellis_perennis" title="Bellis perennis">Daisy</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 15 Mar </span></i></td><td> Thon (<a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">Tuna</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 16 Mar </span></i></td><td> Pissenlit (<a href="/wiki/Dandelion" class="mw-redirect" title="Dandelion">Dandelion</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 17 Mar </span></i></td><td> Sylvie (<a href="/wiki/Anemonoides_nemorosa" title="Anemonoides nemorosa">Wood Anemone</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 18 Mar </span></i></td><td> Capillaire (<a href="/wiki/Adiantum_capillus-veneris" title="Adiantum capillus-veneris">Maidenhair fern</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 19 Mar </span></i></td><td> Frêne (<a href="/wiki/Ash_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Ash tree">Ash tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap"> 20 Mar </span></i></td><td> Plantoir (<a href="/wiki/Dibber" title="Dibber">Dibber</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spring">Spring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Spring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Germinal_commence_le_21_ou_22_mars.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Germinal_commence_le_21_ou_22_mars.jpg/218px-Germinal_commence_le_21_ou_22_mars.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Germinal_commence_le_21_ou_22_mars.jpg/327px-Germinal_commence_le_21_ou_22_mars.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Germinal_commence_le_21_ou_22_mars.jpg/436px-Germinal_commence_le_21_ou_22_mars.jpg 2x" data-file-width="655" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Germinal_(month)" title="Germinal (month)">Germinal</a><br />(21/23 March – 19/21 April) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 Mar </span></i></td><td> Primevère (<a href="/wiki/Primula_vulgaris" title="Primula vulgaris">Primrose</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Mar </span></i></td><td> Platane (<a href="/wiki/Plane_Tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Plane Tree">Plane Tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Mar </span></i></td><td> Asperge (<a href="/wiki/Asparagus" title="Asparagus">Asparagus</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Mar </span></i></td><td> Tulipe (<a href="/wiki/Tulip" title="Tulip">Tulip</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Mar </span></i></td><td> Poule (<a href="/wiki/Chicken" title="Chicken">Hen</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Mar </span></i></td><td> Bette (<a href="/wiki/Chard" title="Chard">Chard</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Mar </span></i></td><td> Bouleau (<a href="/wiki/Birch" title="Birch">Birch</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Mar </span></i></td><td> Jonquille (<a href="/wiki/Daffodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Daffodil">Daffodil</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Mar </span></i></td><td> Aulne (<a href="/wiki/Alder" title="Alder">Alder</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Mar </span></i></td><td> Couvoir (<a href="/wiki/Incubator_(egg)" title="Incubator (egg)">Incubator</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">31 Mar </span></i></td><td> Pervenche (<a href="/wiki/Vinca" title="Vinca">Periwinkle</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Apr </span></i></td><td> Charme (<a href="/wiki/Hornbeam" title="Hornbeam">Hornbeam</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Apr </span></i></td><td> Morille (<a href="/wiki/Morel" class="mw-redirect" title="Morel">Morel</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Apr </span></i></td><td> Hêtre (<a href="/wiki/Fagus_sylvatica" title="Fagus sylvatica">Beech Tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Apr </span></i></td><td> Abeille (<a href="/wiki/Bee" title="Bee">Bee</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Apr </span></i></td><td> Laitue (<a href="/wiki/Lettuce" title="Lettuce">Lettuce</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Apr </span></i></td><td> Mélèze (<a href="/wiki/Larch" title="Larch">Larch</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Apr </span></i></td><td> Ciguë (<a href="/wiki/Conium" title="Conium">Hemlock</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Apr </span></i></td><td> Radis (<a href="/wiki/Radish" title="Radish">Radish</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Apr </span></i></td><td> Ruche (<a href="/wiki/Beehive" title="Beehive">Beehive</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Apr </span></i></td><td> Gainier (<a href="/wiki/Cercis" title="Cercis">Judas tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Apr </span></i></td><td> Romaine (<a href="/wiki/Romaine_lettuce" title="Romaine lettuce">Romaine lettuce</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Apr </span></i></td><td> Marronnier (<a href="/wiki/Aesculus_hippocastanum" title="Aesculus hippocastanum">Horse chestnut</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Apr </span></i></td><td> Roquette (<a href="/wiki/Arugula" class="mw-redirect" title="Arugula">Arugula</a> or Rocket) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Apr </span></i></td><td> Pigeon (<a href="/wiki/Pigeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Pigeon">Pigeon</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Apr </span></i></td><td> Lilas (<a href="/wiki/Syringa_vulgaris" title="Syringa vulgaris">Lilac</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Apr </span></i></td><td> Anémone (<a href="/wiki/Anemonoides_nemorosa" title="Anemonoides nemorosa">Anemone</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 Apr </span></i></td><td> Pensée (<a href="/wiki/Pansy" title="Pansy">Pansy</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 Apr </span></i></td><td> Myrtille (<a href="/wiki/Bilberry" title="Bilberry">Bilberry</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 Apr </span></i></td><td> Greffoir (<a href="/wiki/Grafter" title="Grafter">Grafting knife</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flor%C3%A9al_commence_le_21_avril.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flor%C3%A9al_commence_le_21_avril.jpg/216px-Flor%C3%A9al_commence_le_21_avril.jpg" decoding="async" width="216" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flor%C3%A9al_commence_le_21_avril.jpg/325px-Flor%C3%A9al_commence_le_21_avril.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flor%C3%A9al_commence_le_21_avril.jpg/433px-Flor%C3%A9al_commence_le_21_avril.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Flor%C3%A9al" title="Floréal">Floréal</a><br />(20/22 April – 19/21 May) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 Apr </span></i></td><td> Rose (<a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">Rose</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 Apr </span></i></td><td> Chêne (<a href="/wiki/Quercus_robur" title="Quercus robur">Oak Tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Apr </span></i></td><td> Fougère (<a href="/wiki/Fern" title="Fern">Fern</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Apr </span></i></td><td> Aubépine (<a href="/wiki/Crataegus" title="Crataegus">Hawthorn</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Apr </span></i></td><td> Rossignol (<a href="/wiki/Nightingale" class="mw-redirect" title="Nightingale">Nightingale</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Apr </span></i></td><td> Ancolie (<a href="/wiki/Common_Columbine" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Columbine">Common Columbine</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Apr </span></i></td><td> Muguet (<a href="/wiki/Lily_of_the_valley" title="Lily of the valley">Lily of the valley</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Apr </span></i></td><td> Champignon (<a href="/wiki/Button_mushroom" class="mw-redirect" title="Button mushroom">Button mushroom</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Apr </span></i></td><td> Hyacinthe (<a href="/wiki/Hyacinth" title="Hyacinth">Hyacinth</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Apr </span></i></td><td> Râteau (<a href="/wiki/Rake_(tool)" title="Rake (tool)">Rake</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Apr </span></i></td><td> Rhubarbe (<a href="/wiki/Rhubarb" title="Rhubarb">Rhubarb</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 May </span></i></td><td> Sainfoin (<a href="/wiki/Sainfoin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sainfoin">Sainfoin</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 May </span></i></td><td> Bâton d'or (<a href="/wiki/Wallflower" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallflower">Wallflower</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 May </span></i></td><td> Chamerisier (<a href="/wiki/Chamaerops" title="Chamaerops">Fan Palm tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 May </span></i></td><td> Ver à soie (<a href="/wiki/Silkworm" class="mw-redirect" title="Silkworm">Silkworm</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 May </span></i></td><td> Consoude (<a href="/wiki/Comfrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Comfrey">Comfrey</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 May </span></i></td><td> Pimprenelle (<a href="/wiki/Salad_burnet" class="mw-redirect" title="Salad burnet">Salad burnet</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 May </span></i></td><td> Corbeille d'or (<a href="/wiki/Basket_of_Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Basket of Gold">Basket of Gold</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 May </span></i></td><td> Arroche (<a href="/wiki/Orache" class="mw-redirect" title="Orache">Orache</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 May </span></i></td><td> Sarcloir (<a href="/wiki/Hoe_(tool)" title="Hoe (tool)">Weeding hoe</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 May </span></i></td><td> Statice (<a href="/wiki/Sea_thrift" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea thrift">Sea thrift</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 May </span></i></td><td> Fritillaire (<a href="/wiki/Fritillaria" title="Fritillaria">Fritillary</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 May </span></i></td><td> Bourrache (<a href="/wiki/Borage" title="Borage">Borage</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 May </span></i></td><td> Valériane (<a href="/wiki/Valerian_(herb)" title="Valerian (herb)">Valerian</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 May </span></i></td><td> Carpe (<a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">Carp</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 May </span></i></td><td> Fusain (<a href="/wiki/Euonymus" title="Euonymus">Euonymus</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 May </span></i></td><td> Civette (<a href="/wiki/Chives" title="Chives">Chives</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 May </span></i></td><td> Buglosse (<a href="/wiki/Anchusa" title="Anchusa">Bugloss</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 May </span></i></td><td> Sénevé (<a href="/wiki/White_mustard" title="White mustard">White mustard</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 May </span></i></td><td> Houlette (<a href="/wiki/Shepherd%27s_crook" title="Shepherd's crook">Shepherd's crook</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prairial_commence_le_21_mai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Prairial_commence_le_21_mai.jpg/216px-Prairial_commence_le_21_mai.jpg" decoding="async" width="216" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Prairial_commence_le_21_mai.jpg/325px-Prairial_commence_le_21_mai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Prairial_commence_le_21_mai.jpg/433px-Prairial_commence_le_21_mai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prairial" title="Prairial">Prairial</a><br />(20/22 May – 18/20 June) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 May </span></i></td><td> Luzerne (<a href="/wiki/Alfalfa" title="Alfalfa">Lucerne</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 May </span></i></td><td> Hémérocalle (<a href="/wiki/Daylily" title="Daylily">Daylily</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 May </span></i></td><td> Trèfle (<a href="/wiki/Clover" title="Clover">Clover</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 May </span></i></td><td> Angélique (<a href="/wiki/Garden_Angelica" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden Angelica">Angelica</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 May </span></i></td><td> Canard (<a href="/wiki/Duck" title="Duck">Duck</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 May </span></i></td><td> Mélisse (<a href="/wiki/Lemon_balm" title="Lemon balm">Lemon balm</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 May </span></i></td><td> Fromental (<a href="/wiki/Arrhenatherum" title="Arrhenatherum">Oat grass</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 May </span></i></td><td> Martagon (<a href="/wiki/Martagon_lily" class="mw-redirect" title="Martagon lily">Martagon lily</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 May </span></i></td><td> Serpolet (<a href="/wiki/Wild_Thyme" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild Thyme">Wild Thyme</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 May </span></i></td><td> Faux (<a href="/wiki/Scythe" title="Scythe">Scythe</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 May </span></i></td><td> Fraise (<a href="/wiki/Strawberry" title="Strawberry">Strawberry</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">31 May </span></i></td><td> Bétoine (<a href="/wiki/Stachys_officinalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Stachys officinalis">Betony</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Jun </span></i></td><td> Pois (<a href="/wiki/Pea" title="Pea">Pea</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Jun </span></i></td><td> Acacia (<a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">Acacia</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Jun </span></i></td><td> Caille (<a href="/wiki/Quail" title="Quail">Quail</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Jun </span></i></td><td> Œillet (<a href="/wiki/Carnation" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnation">Carnation</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Jun </span></i></td><td> Sureau (<a href="/wiki/Elderberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Elderberry">Elderberry</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Jun </span></i></td><td> Pavot (<a href="/wiki/Papaver_rhoeas" title="Papaver rhoeas">Poppy plant</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Jun </span></i></td><td> Tilleul (<a href="/wiki/Tilia_cordata" title="Tilia cordata">Linden or Lime tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Jun </span></i></td><td> Fourche (<a href="/wiki/Pitchfork" title="Pitchfork">Pitchfork</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Jun </span></i></td><td> Barbeau (<a href="/wiki/Cornflower" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornflower">Cornflower</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Jun </span></i></td><td> Camomille (<a href="/wiki/Camomile" class="mw-redirect" title="Camomile">Camomile</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Jun </span></i></td><td> Chèvrefeuille (<a href="/wiki/Honeysuckle" title="Honeysuckle">Honeysuckle</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Jun </span></i></td><td> Caille-lait (<a href="/wiki/Galium_album" title="Galium album">Bedstraw</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Jun </span></i></td><td> Tanche (<a href="/wiki/Tench" title="Tench">Tench</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Jun </span></i></td><td> Jasmin (<a href="/wiki/Jasmine" title="Jasmine">Jasmine</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Jun </span></i></td><td> Verveine (<a href="/wiki/Verbena_officinalis" title="Verbena officinalis">Vervain</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Jun </span></i></td><td> Thym (<a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 Jun </span></i></td><td> Pivoine (<a href="/wiki/Peony" title="Peony">Peony</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 Jun </span></i></td><td> Chariot (<a href="/wiki/Handcart" class="mw-redirect" title="Handcart">Handcart</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Summer">Summer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Summer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p><table> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Messidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_juin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Messidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_juin.jpg/219px-Messidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_juin.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Messidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_juin.jpg/328px-Messidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_juin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Messidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_juin.jpg/437px-Messidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_juin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Messidor" title="Messidor">Messidor</a><br />(19/21 June – 18/20 July) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 Jun </span></i></td><td> Seigle (<a href="/wiki/Rye" title="Rye">Rye</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 Jun </span></i></td><td> Avoine (<a href="/wiki/Oat" title="Oat">Oat</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 Jun </span></i></td><td> Oignon (<a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Jun </span></i></td><td> Véronique (<a href="/wiki/Veronica_(plant)" title="Veronica (plant)">Speedwell</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Jun </span></i></td><td> Mulet (<a href="/wiki/Mule" title="Mule">Mule</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Jun </span></i></td><td> Romarin (<a href="/wiki/Rosemary" title="Rosemary">Rosemary</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Jun </span></i></td><td> Concombre (<a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">Cucumber</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Jun </span></i></td><td> Échalote (<a href="/wiki/Shallot" title="Shallot">Shallot</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Jun </span></i></td><td> Absinthe (<a href="/wiki/Artemisia_absinthium" title="Artemisia absinthium">Wormwood</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Jun </span></i></td><td> Faucille (<a href="/wiki/Sickle" title="Sickle">Sickle</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Jun </span></i></td><td> Coriandre (<a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Coriander</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Jun </span></i></td><td> Artichaut (<a href="/wiki/Artichoke" title="Artichoke">Artichoke</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Jul </span></i></td><td> Girofle (<a href="/wiki/Clove" title="Clove">Clove</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Jul </span></i></td><td> Lavande (<a href="/wiki/Lavender" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavender">Lavender</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Jul </span></i></td><td> Chamois (<a href="/wiki/Chamois" title="Chamois">Chamois</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Jul </span></i></td><td> Tabac (<a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">Tobacco</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Jul </span></i></td><td> Groseille (<a href="/wiki/Redcurrant" title="Redcurrant">Redcurrant</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Jul </span></i></td><td> Gesse (<a href="/wiki/Hairy_Vetchling" class="mw-redirect" title="Hairy Vetchling">Hairy Vetchling</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Jul </span></i></td><td> Cerise (<a href="/wiki/Cherry" title="Cherry">Cherry</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Jul </span></i></td><td> Parc (<a href="/wiki/Pen_(enclosure)" title="Pen (enclosure)">Livestock pen</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Jul </span></i></td><td> Menthe (<a href="/wiki/Mentha" title="Mentha">Mint</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Jul </span></i></td><td> Cumin (<a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">Cumin</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Jul </span></i></td><td> Haricot (<a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Bean</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Jul </span></i></td><td> Orcanète (<a href="/wiki/Alcanna_tinctoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcanna tinctoria">Alkanet</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Jul </span></i></td><td> Pintade (<a href="/wiki/Guineafowl" title="Guineafowl">Guineafowl</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Jul </span></i></td><td> Sauge (<a href="/wiki/Salvia_officinalis" title="Salvia officinalis">Sage</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Jul </span></i></td><td> Ail (<a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Jul </span></i></td><td> Vesce (<a href="/wiki/Vicia_sativa" title="Vicia sativa">Tare</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 Jul </span></i></td><td> Blé (<a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">Wheat</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 Jul </span></i></td><td> Chalémie (<a href="/wiki/Shawm" title="Shawm">Shawm</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thermidor_commence_le_20_ou_21_juillet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Thermidor_commence_le_20_ou_21_juillet.jpg/219px-Thermidor_commence_le_20_ou_21_juillet.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Thermidor_commence_le_20_ou_21_juillet.jpg/328px-Thermidor_commence_le_20_ou_21_juillet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Thermidor_commence_le_20_ou_21_juillet.jpg/437px-Thermidor_commence_le_20_ou_21_juillet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Thermidor" title="Thermidor">Thermidor</a><br />(19/21 July – 17/19 August) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 Jul </span></i></td><td> Épeautre (<a href="/wiki/Spelt" title="Spelt">Spelt</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 Jul </span></i></td><td> Bouillon blanc (<a href="/wiki/Common_mullein" class="mw-redirect" title="Common mullein">Common mullein</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 Jul </span></i></td><td> Melon (<a href="/wiki/Cucumis_melo" title="Cucumis melo">Melon</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Jul </span></i></td><td> Ivraie (<a href="/wiki/Ryegrass" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryegrass">Ryegrass</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Jul </span></i></td><td> Bélier (<a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">Ram</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Jul </span></i></td><td> Prêle (<a href="/wiki/Horsetail" class="mw-redirect" title="Horsetail">Horsetail</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Jul </span></i></td><td> Armoise (<a href="/wiki/Artemisia_vulgaris" title="Artemisia vulgaris">Mugwort</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Jul </span></i></td><td> Carthame (<a href="/wiki/Safflower" title="Safflower">Safflower</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Jul </span></i></td><td> Mûre (<a href="/wiki/Blackberry" title="Blackberry">Blackberry</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Jul </span></i></td><td> Arrosoir (<a href="/wiki/Watering_can" title="Watering can">Watering can</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Jul </span></i></td><td> Panic (<a href="/wiki/Foxtail_millet" title="Foxtail millet">Foxtail millet</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Jul </span></i></td><td> Salicorne (<a href="/wiki/Glasswort" title="Glasswort">Common Glasswort</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">31 Jul </span></i></td><td> Abricot (<a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">Apricot</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Aug </span></i></td><td> Basilic (<a href="/wiki/Basil" title="Basil">Basil</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Aug </span></i></td><td> Brebis (<a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">Ewe</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Aug </span></i></td><td> Guimauve (<a href="/wiki/Althaea_officinalis" title="Althaea officinalis">Marshmallow</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Aug </span></i></td><td> Lin (<a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">Flax</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Aug </span></i></td><td> Amande (<a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">Almond</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Aug </span></i></td><td> Gentiane (<a href="/wiki/Gentian" class="mw-redirect" title="Gentian">Gentian</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Aug </span></i></td><td> Écluse (<a href="/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lock (water transport)">Lock</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Aug </span></i></td><td> Carline (<a href="/wiki/Carline_thistle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carline thistle">Carline thistle</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Aug </span></i></td><td> Câprier (<a href="/wiki/Caper" title="Caper">Caper</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Aug </span></i></td><td> Lentille (<a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Aug </span></i></td><td> Aunée (<a href="/wiki/Inula" title="Inula">Inula</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Aug </span></i></td><td> Loutre (<a href="/wiki/Otter" title="Otter">Otter</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Aug </span></i></td><td> Myrte (<a href="/wiki/Myrtus" title="Myrtus">Myrtle</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Aug </span></i></td><td> Colza (<a href="/wiki/Rapeseed" title="Rapeseed">Rapeseed</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Aug </span></i></td><td> Lupin (<a href="/wiki/Lupin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lupin">Lupin</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Aug </span></i></td><td> Coton (<a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">Cotton</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">17 Aug </span></i></td><td> Moulin (<a href="/wiki/Windmill" title="Windmill">Mill</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td colspan="3"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fructidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_ao%C3%BBt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Fructidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_ao%C3%BBt.jpg/219px-Fructidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_ao%C3%BBt.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Fructidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_ao%C3%BBt.jpg/328px-Fructidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_ao%C3%BBt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Fructidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_ao%C3%BBt.jpg/437px-Fructidor_commence_le_21_ou_22_ao%C3%BBt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> </tr> <tr style="background:#e2ad8b;"> <td colspan="3"><b> <a href="/wiki/Fructidor" title="Fructidor">Fructidor</a><br />(18/20 August – 16/18 September) </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 1 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">18 Aug </span></i></td><td> Prune (<a href="/wiki/Plum" title="Plum">Plum</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 2 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">19 Aug </span></i></td><td> Millet (<a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">Millet</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 3 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">20 Aug </span></i></td><td> Lycoperdon (<a href="/wiki/Puffball" title="Puffball">Puffball</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 4 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">21 Aug </span></i></td><td> Escourgeon (<a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">Six-row Barley</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 5 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">22 Aug </span></i></td><td> Saumon (<a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">Salmon</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 6 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">23 Aug </span></i></td><td> Tubéreuse (<a href="/wiki/Tuberose" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuberose">Tuberose</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 7 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">24 Aug </span></i></td><td> Sucrion (<a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">Winter Barley</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 8 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">25 Aug </span></i></td><td> Apocyn (<a href="/wiki/Apocynaceae" title="Apocynaceae">Apocynum</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 9 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">26 Aug </span></i></td><td> Réglisse (<a href="/wiki/Liquorice" title="Liquorice">Liquorice</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 10 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">27 Aug </span></i></td><td> Échelle (<a href="/wiki/Ladder" title="Ladder">Ladder</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 11 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">28 Aug </span></i></td><td> Pastèque (<a href="/wiki/Watermelon" title="Watermelon">Watermelon</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 12 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">29 Aug </span></i></td><td> Fenouil (<a href="/wiki/Fennel" title="Fennel">Fennel</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 13 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">30 Aug </span></i></td><td> Épine vinette (<a href="/wiki/European_Barberry" class="mw-redirect" title="European Barberry">European Barberry</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 14 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">31 Aug </span></i></td><td> Noix (<a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">Walnut</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 15 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">1 Sep </span></i></td><td> Truite (<a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">Trout</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 16 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">2 Sep </span></i></td><td> Citron (<a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">Lemon</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 17 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">3 Sep </span></i></td><td> Cardère (<a href="/wiki/Teasel" class="mw-redirect" title="Teasel">Teasel</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 18 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">4 Sep </span></i></td><td> Nerprun (<a href="/wiki/Buckthorn" class="mw-redirect" title="Buckthorn">Buckthorn</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 19 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">5 Sep </span></i></td><td> Tagette (<a href="/wiki/Tagetes" title="Tagetes">Mexican Marigold</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 20 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">6 Sep </span></i></td><td> Hotte (<a href="/wiki/Basket" title="Basket">Harvesting basket</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 21 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">7 Sep </span></i></td><td> Églantier (<a href="/wiki/Rosa_canina" title="Rosa canina">Wild Rose</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 22 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">8 Sep </span></i></td><td> Noisette (<a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">Hazelnut</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 23 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">9 Sep </span></i></td><td> Houblon (<a href="/wiki/Humulus_lupulus" title="Humulus lupulus">Hops</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 24 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">10 Sep </span></i></td><td> Sorgho (<a href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">Sorghum</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#fdedd4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 25 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">11 Sep </span></i></td><td> Écrevisse (<a href="/wiki/Crayfish" title="Crayfish">Crayfish</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 26 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">12 Sep </span></i></td><td> Bigarade (<a href="/wiki/Bitter_orange" title="Bitter orange">Bitter orange</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 27 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">13 Sep </span></i></td><td> Verge d'or (<a href="/wiki/Goldenrod" title="Goldenrod">Goldenrod</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 28 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">14 Sep </span></i></td><td> Maïs (<a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">Maize</a> or Corn) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 29 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">15 Sep </span></i></td><td> Marron (<a href="/wiki/Sweet_Chestnut" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweet Chestnut">Sweet Chestnut</a>) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#dbd7c4;"> <td style="background:#e2ad8b;text-align:center"><b> 30 </b></td><td style="font-size:smaller;color:#666;text-align:right"><i><span class="nowrap">16 Sep </span></i></td><td> Panier (<a href="/wiki/Pack_basket" title="Pack basket">Pack Basket</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Complementary_days">Complementary days</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Complementary days"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sansculottides" title="Sansculottides">Sansculottides</a></div> <p>Five extra days – six in <a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">leap years</a> – were national holidays at the end of every year. These were originally known as <i>les sans-culottides</i> (after <i><a href="/wiki/Sans-culottes" title="Sans-culottes">sans-culottes</a></i>), but after year III (1795) as <i>les jours complémentaires</i>: </p> <ul><li>1st complementary day: <a href="/wiki/La_F%C3%AAte_de_la_Vertu" class="mw-redirect" title="La Fête de la Vertu">La Fête de la Vertu</a>, "Celebration of Virtue", on 17 or 18 September</li> <li>2nd complementary day: <a href="/wiki/La_F%C3%AAte_du_G%C3%A9nie" class="mw-redirect" title="La Fête du Génie">La Fête du Génie</a>, "Celebration of Talent", on 18 or 19 September</li> <li>3rd complementary day: <a href="/wiki/La_F%C3%AAte_du_Travail" class="mw-redirect" title="La Fête du Travail">La Fête du Travail</a>, "Celebration of Labour", on 19 or 20 September</li> <li>4th complementary day: <a href="/wiki/La_F%C3%AAte_de_l%27Opinion" class="mw-redirect" title="La Fête de l'Opinion">La Fête de l'Opinion</a>, "Celebration of Convictions", on 20 or 21 September</li> <li>5th complementary day: <a href="/wiki/La_F%C3%AAte_des_R%C3%A9compenses" class="mw-redirect" title="La Fête des Récompenses">La Fête des Récompenses</a>, "Celebration of Honours (Awards)", on 21 or 22 September</li> <li>6th complementary day: <a href="/wiki/La_F%C3%AAte_de_la_R%C3%A9volution" class="mw-redirect" title="La Fête de la Révolution">La Fête de la Révolution</a>, "Celebration of the Revolution", on 22 or 23 September (on leap years only)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Converting_from_the_Gregorian_Calendar">Converting from the Gregorian Calendar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Converting from the Gregorian Calendar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_the_Republic">During the Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: During the Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fontaine_d%27Octon.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Fontaine_d%27Octon.JPG/220px-Fontaine_d%27Octon.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Fontaine_d%27Octon.JPG/330px-Fontaine_d%27Octon.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Fontaine_d%27Octon.JPG/440px-Fontaine_d%27Octon.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="3917" /></a><figcaption>Fountain in <a href="/wiki/Octon,_H%C3%A9rault" title="Octon, Hérault">Octon, Hérault</a>, with date <i>5 Ventôse an 109</i> (24 February 1901)</figcaption></figure> <p>Below are the Gregorian dates each year of the Republican Era (<i>Ère Républicaine</i> in French) began while the calendar was in effect. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#CCCCFF;"> <th>ER </th> <th>AD/CE </th></tr> <tr> <td>I (1) </td> <td>22 September 1792 </td></tr> <tr> <td>II (2) </td> <td>22 September 1793 </td></tr> <tr> <td>III (3) </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">22 September 1794 </td></tr> <tr> <td>IV (4) </td> <td>23 September 1795* </td></tr> <tr> <td>V (5) </td> <td>22 September 1796 </td></tr> <tr> <td>VI (6) </td> <td>22 September 1797 </td></tr> <tr> <td>VII (7) </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">22 September 1798 </td></tr> <tr> <td>VIII (8) </td> <td>23 September 1799* </td></tr> <tr> <td>IX (9) </td> <td>23 September 1800 </td></tr> <tr> <td>X (10) </td> <td>23 September 1801 </td></tr> <tr> <td>XI (11) </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">23 September 1802 </td></tr> <tr> <td>XII (12) </td> <td>24 September 1803* </td></tr> <tr> <td>XIII (13) </td> <td>23 September 1804 </td></tr> <tr> <td>XIV (14) </td> <td>23 September 1805 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>LXXIX (79) </td> <td>23 September 1870 </td></tr></tbody></table><p> Leap years are highlighted </p><ul><li>Extra (sextile) day inserted before date, due to previous leap year<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_Republic">After the Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: After the Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Republican Calendar was abolished in the year XIV (1805). After this year, there are two historically attested calendars which may be used to determine dates. Both calendars gave the same dates for years 17 to 52 (1808–1844), always beginning on 23 September, and it was suggested, but never adopted, that the reformed calendar be implemented during this period, before the Republican Calendar was abolished. </p> <ul><li><i> Republican Calendar:</i> The only legal calendar during the Republic. The first day of the year, 1 Vendémiaire, is always the day the autumn equinox occurs in Paris. About every 30 years, leap years are 5 years apart instead of 4, as happened between the leap years 15 and 20.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lengths of the first 524 years were calculated by Delambre.</li> <li><i>Reformed Republican Calendar:</i> Following a proposal by Delambre in order to make leap years regular and predictable, with leap years being every year divisible by 4, except years divisible by 100 and not by 400. Years divisible by 4000 would also be ordinary years. Intended to be implemented in year 3, the reformed calendar was abandoned after the death of the head of the calendar committee, Gilbert Romme. This calendar also has the benefit that every year in the third century of the Republican Era (1992–2091) begins on 22 September.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#CCCCFF;"> <th>ER </th> <th>AD/CE </th> <th>Republican </th> <th>Reformed </th></tr> <tr> <td> <p>XV (15) </p> </td> <td> <p>1806 </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>23 September </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>XVI (16) </p> </td> <td> <p>1807 </p> </td> <td> <p>24 September* </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>23 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>XVII (17) </p> </td> <td> <p>1808 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September* </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>XVIII (18) </p> </td> <td> <p>1809 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>XIX (19) </p> </td> <td> <p>1810 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>XX (20) </p> </td> <td> <p>1811 </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>23 September </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>23 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXIX (229) </p> </td> <td> <p>2020 </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September* </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXX (230) </p> </td> <td> <p>2021 </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXI (231) </p> </td> <td> <p>2022 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September* </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXII (232) </p> </td> <td> <p>2023 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXIII (233) </p> </td> <td> <p>2024 </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September* </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXIV (234) </p> </td> <td> <p>2025 </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXV (235) </p> </td> <td> <p>2026 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September* </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXVI (236) </p> </td> <td> <p>2027 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXVII (237) </p> </td> <td> <p>2028 </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September* </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXVIII (238) </p> </td> <td> <p>2029 </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXXXIX (239) </p> </td> <td> <p>2030 </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXL (240) </p> </td> <td> <p>2031 </p> </td> <td> <p>23 September* </p> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"> <p>22 September </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>CCXLI (241) </p> </td> <td> <p>2032 </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September </p> </td> <td> <p>22 September* </p> </td></tr></tbody></table><p>Leap years are highlighted </p><ul><li>Extra (sextile) day inserted before date, due to previous leap year</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_date_and_time">Current date and time</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Current date and time"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For this calendar, Delambre's revised method of calculating leap years is used. Other methods may differ by one day. Time may be cached and therefore not accurate. Decimal time is according to Paris mean time, which is 9 minutes 21 seconds (6.49 decimal minutes) ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. (<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=purge">This tool</a> calibrates the time, if calibration is desired.) </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year: 233 </th> <th style="font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Month: <a href="/wiki/Pluvi%C3%B4se" title="Pluviôse">Pluviôse</a> </th> <th>Year: CCXXXIII </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:150%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:80%;">Day of the 10-day<br />week (décade) </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Primidi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Duodi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Tridi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Quartidi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Quintidi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Sextidi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Septidi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Octidi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Nonidi </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>Décadi </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table width="160" style="text-align:center; font-size:150%; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2">décade 13 </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>1 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Monday<br /><span class="nowrap">20 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>2 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Tuesday<br /><span class="nowrap">21 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>3 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Wednesday<br /><span class="nowrap">22 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>4 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Thursday<br /><span class="nowrap">23 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>5 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Friday<br /><span class="nowrap">24 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>6 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Saturday<br /><span class="nowrap">25 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>7 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Sunday<br /><span class="nowrap">26 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>8 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Monday<br /><span class="nowrap">27 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>9 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Tuesday<br /><span class="nowrap">28 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>10 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Wednesday<br /><span class="nowrap">29 January 2025</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table width="160" style="text-align:center; font-size:150%; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2">décade 14 </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>11 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Thursday<br /><span class="nowrap">30 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>12 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Friday<br /><span class="nowrap">31 January 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>13 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Saturday<br /><span class="nowrap">1 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>14 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Sunday<br /><span class="nowrap">2 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>15 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Monday<br /><span class="nowrap">3 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>16 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Tuesday<br /><span class="nowrap">4 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>17 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Wednesday<br /><span class="nowrap">5 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>18 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Thursday<br /><span class="nowrap">6 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>19 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Friday<br /><span class="nowrap">7 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>20 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Saturday<br /><span class="nowrap">8 February 2025</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table width="160" style="text-align:center; font-size:150%; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2">décade 15 </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>21 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Sunday<br /><span class="nowrap">9 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>22 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Monday<br /><span class="nowrap">10 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>23 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Tuesday<br /><span class="nowrap">11 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>24 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Wednesday<br /><span class="nowrap">12 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>25 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Thursday<br /><span class="nowrap">13 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>26 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Friday<br /><span class="nowrap">14 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>27 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Saturday<br /><span class="nowrap">15 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>28 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Sunday<br /><span class="nowrap">16 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px; background-color:yellow;"> <td>29 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Monday<br /><span class="nowrap">17 February 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:47px;"> <td>30 </td> <td style="font-size:60%;">Tuesday<br /><span class="nowrap">18 February 2025</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table style="border-collapse:collapse; height:499px;"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Decimal_time" title="Decimal time">Decimal time</a> – 10 h/day </td></tr> <tr> <td>Paris </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:120%;"><b>2h99m15s</b> </td></tr> <tr style="font-size:1%;"> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pluviose.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pluviôse"><img alt="Pluviôse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pluviose.jpg/180px-Pluviose.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pluviose.jpg/270px-Pluviose.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pluviose.jpg/360px-Pluviose.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="1906" /></a><figcaption>Pluviôse</figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:120%;"><b>07:01:26</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Time of day - 24 h/day </td></tr> <tr> <td>Greenwich </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_shortcomings">Criticism and shortcomings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Criticism and shortcomings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Horloge-republicaine1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Horloge-republicaine1.jpg/220px-Horloge-republicaine1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Horloge-republicaine1.jpg/330px-Horloge-republicaine1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Horloge-republicaine1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="374" data-file-height="372" /></a><figcaption>Clock dial displaying both decimal and duodecimal time</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Leap_years" class="mw-redirect" title="Leap years">Leap years</a> in the calendar are a point of great dispute, due to the contradicting statements in the establishing decree<sup id="cite_ref-gefrance.com_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gefrance.com-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> stating: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Each year begins at midnight, with the day on which the true autumnal equinox falls for the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Observatory" title="Paris Observatory">Paris Observatory</a>.</p></blockquote> <p>and: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The four-year period, after which the addition of a day is usually necessary, is called the <i>Franciade</i> in memory of the revolution which, after four years of effort, led France to republican government. The fourth year of the <i>Franciade</i> is called <i>Sextile</i>.</p></blockquote> <p>These two specifications are incompatible, as leap years defined by the autumnal equinox in Paris do not recur on a regular four-year schedule. It was erroneously believed that one leap day would be skipped automatically every 129 years,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on average, but actually five years would sometimes pass between leap years, about three times per century. Thus, the years III, VII, and XI were observed as leap years, and the years XV and XX were also planned as such, even though they were five years apart. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Horloge-republicaine2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Horloge-republicaine2.jpg/220px-Horloge-republicaine2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Horloge-republicaine2.jpg/330px-Horloge-republicaine2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Horloge-republicaine2.jpg/440px-Horloge-republicaine2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="471" /></a><figcaption>Clock dial displaying both decimal (inside the circle) and duodecimal time (on the outer rim)</figcaption></figure> <p>A fixed arithmetic rule for determining leap years was proposed by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Joseph_Delambre" title="Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre">Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre</a> and presented to the Committee of Public Education by <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Romme" title="Gilbert Romme">Gilbert Romme</a> on 19 Floréal An III (8 May 1795). The proposed rule was to determine leap years by applying the rules of the Gregorian calendar to the years of the French Republic (years IV, VIII, XII, etc. were to be leap years) except that year 4000 (the last year of ten 400-year periods) should be a common year instead of a leap year. Shortly thereafter, Romme was sentenced to the guillotine and committed suicide, and the proposal was never adopted, although <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Lalande" title="Jérôme Lalande">Jérôme Lalande</a> repeatedly proposed it for a number of years. The proposal was intended to avoid uncertain future leap years caused by the inaccurate astronomical knowledge of the 1790s (even today, this statement is still valid due to the uncertainty in <a href="/wiki/%CE%94T_(timekeeping)" title="ΔT (timekeeping)">ΔT</a>). In particular, the committee noted that the autumnal equinox of year 144 was predicted to occur at 11:59:40 pm <a href="/wiki/Local_apparent_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Local apparent time">local apparent time</a> in Paris, which was closer to midnight than its inherent 3 to 4 minute uncertainty. </p><p>The calendar was abolished by an act dated 22 Fructidor an XIII (9 September 1805) and signed by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>, which referred to a report by <a href="/wiki/Michel-Louis-%C3%89tienne_Regnaud_de_Saint-Jean_d%27Ang%C3%A9ly" title="Michel-Louis-Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély">Michel-Louis-Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Joseph_Mounier" title="Jean Joseph Mounier">Jean Joseph Mounier</a>, listing two fundamental flaws. </p> <ol><li>The rule for leap years depended upon the uneven course of the sun, rather than fixed intervals, so that one must consult astronomers to determine when each year started, especially when the equinox happened close to midnight, as the exact moment could not be predicted with certainty.</li> <li>Both the era and the beginning of the year were chosen to commemorate a historical event that occurred on the first day of autumn in France, whereas the other European nations began the year near the beginning of winter or spring, thus being impediments to the calendar's adoption in Europe and America, and even a part of the French nation, where the Gregorian calendar continued to be used, as it was required for religious purposes.</li></ol> <p>The report also noted that the 10-day décade was unpopular and had already been suppressed three years earlier in favor of the seven-day week, removing what was considered by some as one of the calendar's main benefits.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 10-day décade was unpopular with laborers because they received only one full day of rest out of ten, instead of one in seven, although they also got a half-day off on the fifth day (thus 36 full days and 36 half days in a year, for a total of 54 free days, compared to the usual 52 or 53 Sundays). It also, by design, conflicted with Sunday religious observances. </p><p>Another criticism of the calendar was that despite the poetic names of its months, they were tied to the climate and agriculture of <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_France" title="Metropolitan France">metropolitan France</a> and therefore not applicable to <a href="/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_territories_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas departments and territories of France">France's overseas territories</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References_to_the_calendar">References to the calendar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References to the calendar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_the_French_Revolution#Events_commonly_known_by_their_Revolutionary_dates" title="Glossary of the French Revolution">Glossary of the French Revolution § Events commonly known by their Revolutionary dates</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ecole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Ecole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_2.JPG/220px-Ecole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Ecole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_2.JPG/330px-Ecole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Ecole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_2.JPG/440px-Ecole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><i>Décret de la Convention 9 Brumaire An III</i> above the entrance to the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Normale_Sup%C3%A9rieure" class="mw-redirect" title="École Normale Supérieure">ENS</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The "<a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire">Coup of 18 Brumaire</a>" or "Brumaire" was the <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> on 18 Brumaire An VIII (9 November 1799), which many historians consider to be the end of the French Revolution. <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>'s 1852 essay <i><a href="/wiki/The_Eighteenth_Brumaire_of_Louis_Bonaparte" title="The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte">The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte</a></i> compares <a href="/wiki/1851_French_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1851 French coup d'état">the coup d'état of 1851</a> of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Napol%C3%A9on" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Napoléon">Louis Napoléon</a> unfavorably to his uncle's earlier coup, with the statement "History repeats ... first as tragedy, then as farce". </p><p>Another famous revolutionary date is <a href="/wiki/Thermidorian_Reaction" title="Thermidorian Reaction">9 Thermidor An II</a> (27 July 1794), the date the Convention turned against <a href="/wiki/Maximilien_Robespierre" title="Maximilien Robespierre">Maximilien Robespierre</a>, who, along with others associated with <a href="/wiki/The_Mountain" title="The Mountain">the Mountain</a>, was <a href="/wiki/Guillotine" title="Guillotine">guillotined</a> the following day. Based on this event, the term "Thermidorian" entered the <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> vocabulary as referring to revolutionaries who destroy the revolution from the inside and turn against its true aims. For example, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Leon Trotsky</a> and his followers used this term about <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/Germinal_(novel)" title="Germinal (novel)">Germinal</a></i> takes its name from the calendar's month of Germinal. </p><p>The seafood dish <a href="/wiki/Lobster_Thermidor" title="Lobster Thermidor">Lobster Thermidor</a> was named after the 1891 play <i><a href="/wiki/Thermidor_(play)" title="Thermidor (play)">Thermidor</a></i>, set during the Revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-James2006_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-James2006-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The French frigates of the <a href="/wiki/Flor%C3%A9al-class_frigate" title="Floréal-class frigate"><i>Floréal</i> class</a> all bear names of Republican months. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_cycle" title="Agricultural cycle">Agricultural cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_reform" title="Calendar reform">Calendar reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianisation_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Dechristianisation of France">Dechristianisation of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decimal_time" title="Decimal time">Decimal time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_calendar" title="Soviet calendar">Soviet calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri calendar</a>, astronomical equinox-based calendar used in Iran</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Calendar" title="World Calendar">World Calendar</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span 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reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription 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.cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/list/the-12-months-of-the-french-republican-calendar">"The 12 Months of the French Republican Calendar | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230519181843/https://www.britannica.com/list/the-12-months-of-the-french-republican-calendar">Archived</a> from the original on 19 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Imprimé par ordre de la Convention nationale</i></a> available at <i><a href="/wiki/Gallica" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallica">Gallica</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/vendemiaire-0">"Vendémiaire"</a>. <i>Paris Musées. Les collections</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230403050618/https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/vendemiaire-0">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Prairial.free.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://prairial.free.fr/calendrier/calendrier.php?lien=discoursromme">the original</a> on 18 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brumaire+%E2%80%93+Calendrier+R%C3%A9publicain&rft.pub=Prairial.free.fr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprairial.free.fr%2Fcalendrier%2Fcalendrier.php%3Flien%3Ddiscoursromme&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Republican+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gefrance.com-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gefrance.com_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gefrance.com/the-french-republican-calendar/">"Le Calendrier Republicain"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Universit%C3%A9+de+Toulouse&rft.atitle=Instruction+sur+l%27%C3%A8re+de+la+R%C3%A9publique%2C+%C3%A0+la+suite+du+d%C3%A9cret+du+3+brumaire%2C+an+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocuments.univ-toulouse.fr%2F150NDG%2FPPN042658012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Republican+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntoine_Augustin_Renouard1822" class="citation book cs1">Antoine Augustin Renouard (1822). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oUoMAAAAIAAJ"><i>Manuel pour la concordance des calendriers républicain et grégorien: ou, Recueil complet de tous les annuaires depuis la première année républicaine</i></a> (2 ed.). A. A. Renouard. p. 217.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manuel+pour+la+concordance+des+calendriers+r%C3%A9publicain+et+gr%C3%A9gorien%3A+ou%2C+Recueil+complet+de+tous+les+annuaires+depuis+la+premi%C3%A8re+ann%C3%A9e+r%C3%A9publicaine&rft.pages=217&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=A.+A.+Renouard&rft.date=1822&rft.au=Antoine+Augustin+Renouard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoUoMAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Republican+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanes2012" class="citation book cs1">Canes, Kermit (2012). <i>The Esoteric Codex: Obsolete Calendars</i>. LULU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-365-06556-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-365-06556-9"><bdi>978-1-365-06556-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Esoteric+Codex%3A+Obsolete+Calendars&rft.pub=LULU+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-365-06556-9&rft.aulast=Canes&rft.aufirst=Kermit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Republican+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-James2006-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-James2006_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2006" class="citation book cs1">James, Kenneth (15 November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JFIDd639wlQC&pg=PA44"><i>Escoffier: The King of Chefs</i></a>. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85285-526-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85285-526-0"><bdi>978-1-85285-526-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527074323/https://books.google.com/books?id=JFIDd639wlQC&pg=PA44#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Escoffier%3A+The+King+of+Chefs&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006-11-15&rft.isbn=978-1-85285-526-0&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJFIDd639wlQC%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Republican+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lobster%20thermidor">"Lobster thermidor"</a>. <i>Online Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160620120039/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lobster%20thermidor">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Lobster+thermidor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Flobster%2520thermidor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Republican+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Ozouf, Mona, 'Revolutionary Calendar' in Furet, François and Mona Ozouf, eds., <i>Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution</i> (1989)</li> <li>Shaw, Matthew, <i>Time and the French Revolution: a history of the French Republican Calendar, 1789-Year XIV</i> (2011)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Republican_calendar&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:French_Republican_Calendar" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:French Republican Calendar">French Republican Calendar</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:D%C3%A9cret_de_la_Convention_nationale_portant_sur_la_cr%C3%A9ation_du_calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" class="extiw" title="wikisource:fr:Décret de la Convention nationale portant sur la création du calendrier républicain">Decree of the National Convention on the establishment of the Republican calendar</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://calendarhome.com/calculate/convert-a-date">Date converter for numerous calendars, including this one</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-empire.net/en/republican-calendar.php.">Simple converter from Gregorian date to Republican date and vice versa. Limited to the period during which the latter was actually in use.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/davkat1/FrenchRepublicaniCalendar">iCalendar files for the French Republican calendar, for use in Outlook, Google Calendar, etc.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antique-horology.org/_Editorial/RepublicanCalendar/default.htm">Dials & Symbols of the French revolution. The Republican Calendar and Decimal time.</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Calendars642" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Calendars" title="Template:Calendars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Calendars" title="Template talk:Calendars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Calendars642" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">Calendars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">Lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar" title="Lunisolar calendar">Lunisolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">Solar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In wide use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_year_numbering" title="Astronomical year numbering">Astronomical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Lunar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_week_date" title="ISO week date">ISO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix_time" title="Unix time">Unix time</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">In more<br />limited use</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akan_calendar" title="Akan calendar">Akan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_calendar" title="Assamese calendar">Assamese (Bhāshkarābda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí</a> <ul><li>Badí‘</li></ul></li> <li>Bali <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pawukon_calendar" title="Pawukon calendar">Pawukon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi calendar">Bangladeshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borana_calendar" title="Borana calendar">Borana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branches" title="Earthly Branches">Earthly Branches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Stems" title="Heavenly Stems">Heavenly Stems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_term" title="Solar term">Solar term</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_holidays" title="Heathen holidays">Germanic heathen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_calendar" title="Georgian calendar">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_calendar" title="Hmong calendar">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalali_calendar" title="Jalali calendar">Jalali</a> <ul><li>medieval</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian_calendar" title="Zoroastrian calendar">Zoroastrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Irish</a> <ul><li>Gaelic</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fasli_calendar" title="Fasli calendar">Fasli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabular_Islamic_calendar" title="Tabular Islamic calendar">Tabular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Nirvana_Samvat" title="Vira Nirvana Samvat">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juche_calendar" title="Juche calendar">Juche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_calendar" title="Kurdish calendar">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_calendar" title="Lithuanian calendar">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta_Panchang" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirhuta Panchang">Maithili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_calendar" title="Malayalam calendar">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaean_calendar" title="Mandaean calendar">Mandaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_calendar" title="Meitei calendar">Manipuri (Meitei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanau_calendar" title="Melanau calendar">Melanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_calendar" title="Mizo calendar">Mizo (Lushai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_calendar" title="Mongolian calendar">Mongolian</a></li> <li>Nepal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Sambat" title="Nepal Sambat">Nepal Sambat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yele_Sambat" title="Yele Sambat">Yele Sambat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisga%27a#Nisga’a_calendar/life" title="Nisga'a">Nisg̱a'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_calendar" title="Odia calendar">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_calendar" title="Punjabi calendar">Punjabi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_calendar" title="Romanian calendar">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shona_calendar" title="Shona calendar">Shona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_calendar" title="Somali calendar">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotho_calendar" title="Sotho calendar">Sesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_calendar" title="Slavic calendar">Slavic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith%27s_calendars_and_holidays" title="Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays">Slavic Native Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_months" title="Macedonian months">Macedonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_calendar" title="Tamil calendar">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_calendar" title="Thai calendar">Thai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thai_lunar_calendar" title="Thai lunar calendar">lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">solar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_calendar" title="Tripuri calendar">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulu_calendar" title="Tulu calendar">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_calendar" title="Vietnamese calendar">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_the_Year" title="Wheel of the Year">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_calendar" title="Xhosa calendar">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_calendar" title="Yoruba calendar">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_calendar" title="Zulu calendar">Zulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Runic_calendar" title="Runic calendar">Runic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_calendars" title="Mesoamerican calendars">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_Long_Count_calendar" title="Mesoamerican Long Count calendar">Long Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_round" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar round">Calendar round</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Christian variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian and Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Julian_calendar" title="Revised Julian calendar">Revised</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Eastern Orthodox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabian_calendar" title="Pre-Islamic Arabian calendar">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_calendar" title="Attic calendar">Attic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_calendar" title="Aztec calendar">Aztec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dnalp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Tōnalpōhualli">Tōnalpōhualli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiuhp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Xiuhpōhualli">Xiuhpōhualli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_calendar" title="Babylonian calendar">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar_calendar" title="Bulgar calendar">Bulgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_calendar" title="Cappadocian calendar">Cappadocian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_calendar" title="Celtic calendar">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_calendar" title="Cham calendar">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Sakarat" title="Chula Sakarat">Culāsakaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_calendar" title="Enoch calendar">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_calendar" title="Florentine calendar">Florentine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic calendar">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_calendars" title="Ancient Greek calendars">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Inca calendar">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_calendar" title="Ancient Macedonian calendar">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar">Maya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haab%CA%BC" title="Haabʼ">Haabʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin" title="Tzolkʼin">Tzolkʼin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_calendar" title="Muisca calendar">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecontad_calendar" title="Pentecontad calendar">Pentecontad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisan_calendar" title="Pisan calendar">Pisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_calendrical_texts" title="Qumran calendrical texts">Qumran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_calendar" title="Rapa Nui calendar">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_calendar" title="Roman calendar">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumi_calendar" title="Rumi calendar"><i>Rumi</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">Sexagenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_calendar" title="Soviet calendar">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_calendar" title="Swedish calendar">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_renaming_of_Turkmen_months_and_days_of_week" title="2002 renaming of Turkmen months and days of week">Turkmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By specialty</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene</a> <ul><li>anthropological</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Gregorian_calendar" title="Proleptic Gregorian calendar">Proleptic Gregorian</a> / <a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Julian_calendar" title="Proleptic Julian calendar">Proleptic Julian</a> <ul><li>historiographical</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darian_calendar" title="Darian calendar">Darian</a> <ul><li>Martian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamspell" title="Dreamspell">Dreamspell</a> <ul><li>New Age</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Pataphysics#Pataphysical_calendar" title="'Pataphysics">'Pataphysical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_reform" title="Calendar reform">Reform proposals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanke%E2%80%93Henry_Permanent_Calendar" title="Hanke–Henry Permanent Calendar">Hanke–Henry Permanent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fixed_Calendar" title="International Fixed Calendar">International Fixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_Calendar" title="Pax Calendar">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positivist_calendar" title="Positivist calendar">Positivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetry454" title="Symmetry454">Symmetry454</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Calendar" title="World Calendar">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Displays and<br />applications</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_calendar" title="Digital calendar">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_calendar" title="Perpetual calendar">Perpetual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(stationery)" title="Calendar (stationery)">Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Year naming<br />and numbering</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoch" title="Epoch">Epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">Leap year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year" title="New Year">New Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_year" title="Regnal year">Regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_zero" title="Year zero">Year zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anka_year" title="Anka year">Anka year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a>/<a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Lucis" title="Anno Lucis">Anno Lucis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">Anno Martyrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">Anno Mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponym_dating_system" title="Eponym dating system">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_era_name" title="Chinese era name">Chinese Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Chinese Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English and British regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">Hijri year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Human (Holocene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirayana_system" title="Nirayana system">Nirayana system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_era" title="Seleucid era">Seleucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_era" title="Spanish era">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Yugas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Yuga" title="Satya Yuga">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treta_Yuga" title="Treta Yuga">Treta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvapara_Yuga" title="Dvapara Yuga">Dvapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_era_name" title="Vietnamese era name">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discworld_(world)#Calendar" title="Discworld (world)">Discworld</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Discworld" title="Discworld">Discworld</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flanaess#Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Flanaess">Greyhawk</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth calendar">Middle-earth</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stardate" title="Stardate">Stardate</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_calendars" title="List of calendars">List of calendars</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Calendars" title="Category:Calendars">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Months_in_the_French_Republican_calendar180" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Revolutionary_calendar_months" title="Template:Revolutionary calendar months"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Revolutionary_calendar_months" title="Template talk:Revolutionary calendar months"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Revolutionary_calendar_months" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Revolutionary calendar months"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Months_in_the_French_Republican_calendar180" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Months in the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Republican calendar</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vend%C3%A9miaire" title="Vendémiaire">Vendémiaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brumaire" title="Brumaire">Brumaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frimaire" title="Frimaire">Frimaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niv%C3%B4se" title="Nivôse">Nivôse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluvi%C3%B4se" title="Pluviôse">Pluviôse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vent%C3%B4se" title="Ventôse">Ventôse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germinal_(month)" title="Germinal (month)">Germinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flor%C3%A9al" title="Floréal">Floréal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairial" title="Prairial">Prairial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messidor" title="Messidor">Messidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermidor" title="Thermidor">Thermidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fructidor" title="Fructidor">Fructidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sansculottides" title="Sansculottides">Sansculottides</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:French_Republican_calendar_months" title="Category:French Republican calendar months">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="French_Revolution37757" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:French_Revolution" title="Template:French Revolution"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:French_Revolution" title="Template talk:French Revolution"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:French_Revolution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:French Revolution"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="French_Revolution37757" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_the_French_Revolution" title="Causes of the French Revolution">Causes</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_French_Revolution" title="Timeline of the French Revolution">Timeline</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancien Régime">Ancien Régime</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">Revolution</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France_(1791%E2%80%9392)" title="Kingdom of France (1791–92)">Constitutional monarchy</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">Republic</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Directory" title="French Directory">Directory</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Consulate" title="French Consulate">Consulate</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_the_French_Revolution" title="Glossary of the French Revolution">Glossary</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_journals_appearing_under_the_French_Revolution" title="List of journals appearing under the French Revolution">Journals</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_R%C3%A9volution_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Musée de la Révolution française">Museum</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Significant_civil_and_political_events_by_year5924" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Significant civil and political events by year</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1788</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Tiles" title="Day of the Tiles">Day of the Tiles</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(7 Jun 1788)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Vizille" title="Assembly of Vizille">Assembly of Vizille</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(21 Jul 1788)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1789</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/What_Is_the_Third_Estate%3F" title="What Is the Third Estate?">What Is the Third Estate?</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Jan 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9veillon_riots" title="Réveillon riots">Réveillon riots</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(28 Apr 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estates_General_of_1789" title="Estates General of 1789">Convocation of the Estates General</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(5 May 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Joseph,_Dauphin_of_France#Illness" title="Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France">Death of the Dauphin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(4 June 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(French_Revolution)" title="National Assembly (French Revolution)">National Assembly</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennis_Court_Oath" title="Tennis Court Oath">Tennis Court Oath</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20 Jun 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Constituent_Assembly_(France)" title="National Constituent Assembly (France)">National Constituent Assembly</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storming_of_the_Bastille" title="Storming of the Bastille">Storming of the Bastille</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(14 Jul 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Fear" title="Great Fear">Great Fear</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_feudalism_in_France" title="Abolition of feudalism in France">Abolition of Feudalism</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(4–11 Aug 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen" title="Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen">Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(26 Aug 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_March_on_Versailles" title="Women's March on Versailles">Women's March on Versailles</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(5 Oct 1789)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biens_nationaux" title="Biens nationaux">Nationalization of the Church properties</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2 Nov 1789)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1790</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parlement#Abolition" title="Parlement">Abolition of the Parlements</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Feb–Jul 1790)</span></li> <li>Abolition of the <a href="/wiki/French_nobility#The_abolition_of_privileges_during_the_French_Revolution" title="French nobility">Nobility</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(23 Jun 1790)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Constitution_of_the_Clergy" title="Civil Constitution of the Clergy">Civil Constitution of the Clergy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(12 Jul 1790)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAte_de_la_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration" title="Fête de la Fédération">Fête de la Fédération</a></i> <small>(14 Jul 1790)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1791</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flight_to_Varennes" title="Flight to Varennes">Flight to Varennes</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20–21 Jun 1791)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_de_Mars_massacre" title="Champ de Mars massacre">Champ de Mars massacre</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(17 Jul 1791)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Pillnitz" title="Declaration of Pillnitz">Declaration of Pillnitz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(27 Aug 1791)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Constitution_of_1791" title="French Constitution of 1791">The Constitution of 1791</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(3 Sep 1791)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_(France)" title="Legislative Assembly (France)">National Legislative Assembly</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1792</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_First_Coalition" title="War of the First Coalition">France declares war</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20 Apr 1792)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Manifesto" title="Brunswick Manifesto">Brunswick Manifesto</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(25 Jul 1792)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune_(1789%E2%80%931795)" title="Paris Commune (1789–1795)">Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Jun 1792)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurrection_of_10_August_1792" title="Insurrection of 10 August 1792">10th of August</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(10 Aug 1792)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_Massacres" title="September Massacres">September Massacres</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Sep 1792)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Convention" title="National Convention">National Convention</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">First republic declared</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(22 Sep 1792)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1793</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Execution_of_Louis_XVI" title="Execution of Louis XVI">Execution of Louis XVI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(21 Jan 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Tribunal" title="Revolutionary Tribunal">Revolutionary Tribunal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reign_of_Terror" title="Reign of Terror">Reign of Terror</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Public_Safety" title="Committee of Public Safety">Committee of Public Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_General_Security" title="Committee of General Security">Committee of General Security</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurrection_of_31_May_%E2%80%93_2_June_1793" title="Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793">Fall of the Girondists</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2 Jun 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Marat#Death" title="Jean-Paul Marat">Assassination of Marat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(13 Jul 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev%C3%A9e_en_masse" title="Levée en masse">Levée en masse</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(23 Aug 1793)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Marat" title="The Death of Marat">The Death of Marat</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(painting)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Suspects" title="Law of Suspects">Law of Suspects</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(17 Sep 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette#Trial_and_execution_(14–16_October_1793)" title="Marie Antoinette">Marie Antoinette is guillotined</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(16 Oct 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution#The_Revolution_and_the_Church" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">Anti-clerical laws</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(throughout the year)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1794</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Danton#Life" title="Georges Danton">Danton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Camille_Desmoulins#Trial_and_execution" title="Camille Desmoulins">Desmoulins guillotined</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(5 Apr 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_22_Prairial" title="Law of 22 Prairial">Law of 22 Prairial</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(10 Jun 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermidorian_Reaction" title="Thermidorian Reaction">Thermidorian Reaction</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(27 Jul 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilien_Robespierre" title="Maximilien Robespierre">Robespierre</a> guillotined <span style="font-size:85%;">(28 Jul 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_White_Terror" title="First White Terror">White Terror</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Fall 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobins#Fall_from_power" title="Jacobins">Closing of the Jacobin Club</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(11 Nov 1794)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1795–6</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurrection_of_12_Germinal_Year_III" title="Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III">Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1 Apr 1795)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Year_III" title="Constitution of the Year III">Constitution of the Year III</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(22 Aug 1795)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Directory" title="French Directory">Directoire</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1795–99)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Five_Hundred" title="Council of Five Hundred">Council of Five Hundred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ancients" title="Council of Ancients">Council of Ancients</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13_Vend%C3%A9miaire" title="13 Vendémiaire">13 Vendémiaire</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">5 Oct 1795</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_of_the_Equals" title="Conspiracy of the Equals">Conspiracy of the Equals</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(May 1796)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1797</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Fructidor" title="Coup of 18 Fructidor">Coup of 18 Fructidor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(4 Sep 1797)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Congress_of_Rastatt" title="Second Congress of Rastatt">Second Congress of Rastatt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Dec 1797)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1798</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_22_Flor%C3%A9al_Year_VI" title="Law of 22 Floréal Year VI">Law of 22 Floréal Year VI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(11 May 1798)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1799</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_30_Prairial_VII" title="Coup of 30 Prairial VII">Coup of 30 Prairial VII</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(18 Jun 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire">Coup of 18 Brumaire</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(9 Nov 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Year_VIII" title="Constitution of the Year VIII">Constitution of the Year VIII</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(24 Dec 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Consulate" title="French Consulate">Consulate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Revolutionary_campaigns6992" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Revolutionary campaigns</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1792_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1792 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1792</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Verdun_(1792)" title="Battle of Verdun (1792)">Verdun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Thionville_(1792)" title="Siege of Thionville (1792)">Thionville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valmy" title="Battle of Valmy">Valmy</a></li> <li>Royalist Revolts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chouannerie" title="Chouannerie">Chouannerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_the_Vend%C3%A9e" title="War in the Vendée">Vendée</a></li> <li>Dauphiné</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_of_the_Goddess" title="Column of the Goddess">Lille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mainz_(1792)" title="Siege of Mainz (1792)">Siege of Mainz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jemappes" title="Battle of Jemappes">Jemappes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Namur_(1792)" title="Siege of Namur (1792)">Namur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1793_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1793 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1793</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_First_Coalition" title="War of the First Coalition">First Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_the_Vend%C3%A9e" title="War in the Vendée">War in the Vendée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neerwinden_(1793)" title="Battle of Neerwinden (1793)">Battle of Neerwinden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Famars" title="Battle of Famars">Battle of Famars</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(23 May 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_expedition_to_Sardinia" title="French expedition to Sardinia">Expedition to Sardinia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kaiserslautern" title="Battle of Kaiserslautern">Battle of Kaiserslautern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mainz_(1793)" title="Siege of Mainz (1793)">Siege of Mainz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wattignies" title="Battle of Wattignies">Battle of Wattignies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hondschoote" title="Battle of Hondschoote">Battle of Hondschoote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bellegarde_(1793)" title="Siege of Bellegarde (1793)">Siege of Bellegarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peyrestortes" title="Battle of Peyrestortes">Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Toulon" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Toulon">Siege of Toulon</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Wissembourg_(1793)" class="mw-redirect" title="First Battle of Wissembourg (1793)">First Battle of Wissembourg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(13 Oct 1793)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Truillas" title="Battle of Truillas">Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Wissembourg_(1793)" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Wissembourg (1793)">Second Battle of Wissembourg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(26–27 Dec 1793)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1794_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1794 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1794</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villers-en-Cauchies" title="Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies">Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(24 Apr 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Boulou" title="Second Battle of Boulou">Second Battle of Boulou</a> (Pyrenees) <span style="font-size:85%;">(30 Apr – 1 May 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tourcoing" title="Battle of Tourcoing">Battle of Tourcoing</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(18 May 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tournay_(1794)" title="Battle of Tournay (1794)">Battle of Tournay</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(22 May 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorious_First_of_June" title="Glorious First of June">Glorious First of June</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1 Jun 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fleurus_(1794)" title="Battle of Fleurus (1794)">Battle of Fleurus</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(26 Jun 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouannerie" title="Chouannerie">Chouannerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aldenhoven_(1794)" title="Battle of Aldenhoven (1794)">Battle of Aldenhoven</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2 Oct 1794)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Luxembourg_(1794-95)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Luxembourg (1794-95)">Siege of Luxembourg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1795_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1795 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1795</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Luxembourg_(1794-95)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Luxembourg (1794-95)">Siege of Luxembourg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Basel" title="Peace of Basel">Peace of Basel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1796_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1796 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1796</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Campaign_of_1796%E2%80%931797" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Campaign of 1796–1797">Italian campaign</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lonato" title="Battle of Lonato">Battle of Lonato</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(3–4 Aug 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castiglione" title="Battle of Castiglione">Battle of Castiglione</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(5 Aug 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Theiningen" title="Battle of Theiningen">Battle of Theiningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neresheim" title="Battle of Neresheim">Battle of Neresheim</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(11 Aug 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Amberg" title="Battle of Amberg">Battle of Amberg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(24 Aug 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Battle of Würzburg">Battle of Würzburg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(3 Sep 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rovereto" title="Battle of Rovereto">Battle of Rovereto</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(4 Sep 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bassano" title="Battle of Bassano">First Battle of Bassano</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(8 Sep 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Emmendingen" title="Battle of Emmendingen">Battle of Emmendingen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(19 Oct 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schliengen" title="Battle of Schliengen">Battle of Schliengen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(26 Oct 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Bassano" title="Second Battle of Bassano">Second Battle of Bassano</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(6 Nov 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Calliano" title="Battle of Calliano">Battle of Calliano</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(6–7 Nov 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arcole" title="Battle of Arcole">Battle of Arcole</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(15–17 Nov 1796)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_expedition_to_Ireland_(1796)" title="French expedition to Ireland (1796)">Ireland expedition</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Dec 1796)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1797_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1797 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1797</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Campaign_of_1796-1797" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Campaign of 1796-1797">Italian campaign</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1797)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_13_January_1797" title="Action of 13 January 1797">Naval Engagement off Brittany</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(13 Jan 1797)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rivoli" title="Battle of Rivoli">Battle of Rivoli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(14–15 Jan 1797)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_25_January_1797" title="Action of 25 January 1797">Battle of the Bay of Cádiz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(25 Jan 1797)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Leoben" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Leoben">Treaty of Leoben</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(17 Apr 1797)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neuwied_(1797)" title="Battle of Neuwied (1797)">Battle of Neuwied</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(18 Apr 1797)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Treaty of Campo Formio</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(17 Oct 1797)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1798_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1798 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1798</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Switzerland" title="French invasion of Switzerland">French invasion of Switzerland</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(28 January – 17 May 1798)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_campaign_in_Egypt_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="French campaign in Egypt and Syria">French Invasion of Egypt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1798–1801)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798#French_landing" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">Irish Rebellion of 1798</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(23 May – 23 Sep 1798)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasi-War" title="Quasi-War">Quasi-War</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1798–1800)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_War_(1798)" title="Peasants' War (1798)">Peasants' War</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1799_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1799 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1799</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Second_Coalition" title="War of the Second Coalition">Second Coalition</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1798–1802)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1799)" title="Siege of Acre (1799)">Siege of Acre</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20 Mar – 21 May 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostrach" title="Battle of Ostrach">Battle of Ostrach</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20–21 Mar 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stockach_(1799)" title="Battle of Stockach (1799)">Battle of Stockach</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(25 Mar 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Magnano" title="Battle of Magnano">Battle of Magnano</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(5 Apr 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cassano_(1799)" title="Battle of Cassano (1799)">Battle of Cassano</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(27–28 Apr 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Zurich" title="First Battle of Zurich">First Battle of Zurich</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(4–7 Jun 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trebbia_(1799)" title="Battle of Trebbia (1799)">Battle of Trebbia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(17–20 Jun 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Novi_(1799)" title="Battle of Novi (1799)">Battle of Novi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(15 Aug 1799)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Zurich" title="Second Battle of Zurich">Second Battle of Zurich</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(25–26 Sep 1799)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1800_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of 1800 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1800</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marengo" title="Battle of Marengo">Battle of Marengo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(14 Jun 1800)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Alessandria" title="Convention of Alessandria">Convention of Alessandria</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(15 Jun 1800)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hohenlinden" title="Battle of Hohenlinden">Battle of Hohenlinden</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(3 Dec 1800)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_League_of_Armed_Neutrality" title="Second League of Armed Neutrality">League of Armed Neutrality</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1800–02)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1801_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of 1801 in the French Revolutionary Wars">1801</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lun%C3%A9ville" title="Treaty of Lunéville">Treaty of Lunéville</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(9 Feb 1801)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Florence" title="Treaty of Florence">Treaty of Florence</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(18 Mar 1801)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algeciras_campaign" title="Algeciras campaign">Algeciras campaign</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(8 Jul 1801)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1802</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amiens" title="Treaty of Amiens">Treaty of Amiens</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(25 Mar 1802)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1802)" title="Treaty of Paris (1802)">Treaty of Paris</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(25 Jun 1802)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Military_leaders7320" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Military leaders</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic"><img alt="French First Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Army" title="French Revolutionary Army">French Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eustache_Charles_d%27Aoust" title="Eustache Charles d'Aoust">Eustache Charles d'Aoust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Pierre_Augereau" title="Charles-Pierre Augereau">Charles-Pierre Augereau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_de_Beauharnais" title="Alexandre de Beauharnais">Alexandre de Beauharnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Alexandre_Berthier" title="Louis-Alexandre Berthier">Louis-Alexandre Berthier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Bessi%C3%A8res" title="Jean-Baptiste Bessières">Jean-Baptiste Bessières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoléon Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Brune" title="Guillaume Brune">Guillaume Brune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Fran%C3%A7ois_Carteaux" title="Jean François Carteaux">Jean François Carteaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-%C3%89tienne_Championnet" title="Jean-Étienne Championnet">Jean-Étienne Championnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bertin_Gaston_Chapuis_de_Tourville" title="Charles Bertin Gaston Chapuis de Tourville">Chapuis de Tourville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Philippe,_Comte_de_Custine" title="Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine">Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Nicolas_Davout" title="Louis-Nicolas Davout">Louis-Nicolas Davout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Desaix" title="Louis Desaix">Louis Desaix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Fran%C3%A7ois_Dugommier" title="Jacques François Dugommier">Jacques François Dugommier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas" title="Thomas-Alexandre Dumas">Thomas-Alexandre Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fran%C3%A7ois_Dumouriez" title="Charles François Dumouriez">Charles François Dumouriez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Marie_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Ferino" title="Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino">Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Charles_de_Flers" title="Louis-Charles de Flers">Louis-Charles de Flers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Grenier" title="Paul Grenier">Paul Grenier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_de_Grouchy,_marquis_de_Grouchy" title="Emmanuel de Grouchy, marquis de Grouchy">Emmanuel de Grouchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maurice_Hatry" title="Jacques Maurice Hatry">Jacques Maurice Hatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazare_Hoche" title="Lazare Hoche">Lazare Hoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Jourdan" title="Jean-Baptiste Jourdan">Jean-Baptiste Jourdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Christophe_de_Kellermann" title="François Christophe de Kellermann">François Christophe de Kellermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Kl%C3%A9ber" title="Jean-Baptiste Kléber">Jean-Baptiste Kléber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Choderlos_de_Laclos" title="Pierre Choderlos de Laclos">Pierre Choderlos de Laclos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lannes" title="Jean Lannes">Jean Lannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Leclerc_(general,_born_1772)" title="Charles Leclerc (general, born 1772)">Charles Leclerc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lecourbe" title="Claude Lecourbe">Claude Lecourbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Joseph_Lefebvre" title="François Joseph Lefebvre">François Joseph Lefebvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Macdonald" title="Étienne Macdonald">Étienne Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Antoine_Marbot" title="Jean-Antoine Marbot">Jean-Antoine Marbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcellin_Marbot" title="Marcellin Marbot">Marcellin Marbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_S%C3%A9verin_Marceau" title="François Séverin Marceau">François Séverin Marceau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Auguste de Marmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">André Masséna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bon-Adrien_Jeannot_de_Moncey" title="Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey">Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Victor_Marie_Moreau" title="Jean Victor Marie Moreau">Jean Victor Marie Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Mortier,_Duke_of_Tr%C3%A9vise" class="mw-redirect" title="Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise">Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Joachim Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Ney" title="Michel Ney">Michel Ney</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Jacques_Osten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Jacques Osten (page does not exist)">Pierre-Jacques Osten</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Jacques_Osten" class="extiw" title="fr:Pierre-Jacques Osten">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Oudinot" title="Nicolas Oudinot">Nicolas Oudinot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine-Dominique_de_P%C3%A9rignon" title="Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon">Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Charles_Pichegru" title="Jean-Charles Pichegru">Jean-Charles Pichegru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Poniatowski" title="Józef Poniatowski">Józef Poniatowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurent_de_Gouvion_Saint-Cyr" title="Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr">Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Louis_Joseph_Sch%C3%A9rer" title="Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer">Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Mathieu-Philibert_S%C3%A9rurier" title="Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier">Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Souham" title="Joseph Souham">Joseph Souham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-de-Dieu_Soult" title="Jean-de-Dieu Soult">Jean-de-Dieu Soult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Gabriel_Suchet" title="Louis-Gabriel Suchet">Louis-Gabriel Suchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude-Henri_Belgrand_de_Vaubois" title="Claude-Henri Belgrand de Vaubois">Belgrand de Vaubois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude-Victor_Perrin" title="Claude-Victor Perrin">Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/French_Navy#18th_century" title="French Navy">French Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Alexandre_L%C3%A9on_Durand_Linois" title="Charles-Alexandre Léon Durand Linois">Charles-Alexandre Linois</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalition Wars">Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire"><img alt="Austrian Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zsef_Alvinczi" title="József Alvinczi">József Alvinczi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Charles,_Duke_of_Teschen" title="Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen">Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_S%C3%A9bastien_Charles_Joseph_de_Croix,_Count_of_Clerfayt" title="François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt">Count of Clerfayt <span style="font-size:85%;">(Walloon)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Aloys_zu_F%C3%BCrstenberg" title="Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg">Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Freiherr_von_Hotze" title="Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze">Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze <span style="font-size:85%;">(Swiss)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Adolf,_Count_von_Kalckreuth" title="Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth">Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Kray" title="Paul Kray">Pál Kray <span style="font-size:85%;">(Hungarian)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene,_Prince_of_Lambesc" title="Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc">Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc <span style="font-size:85%;">(French)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Anton_Karl,_Count_Baillet_de_Latour" title="Maximilian Anton Karl, Count Baillet de Latour">Maximilian Baillet de Latour <span style="font-size:85%;">(Walloon)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Mack_von_Leiberich" title="Karl Mack von Leiberich">Karl Mack von Leiberich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Ritter_von_Otto" title="Rudolf Ritter von Otto">Rudolf Ritter von Otto <span style="font-size:85%;">(Saxon)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Josias_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Vitus_von_Quosdanovich" title="Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich">Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Heinrich_XV_of_Reuss-Plauen" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen">Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_M%C3%A9sz%C3%A1ros_von_Szoboszl%C3%B3" title="Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló">Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló <span style="font-size:85%;">(Hungarian)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Philipp_Sebottendorf" title="Karl Philipp Sebottendorf">Karl Philipp Sebottendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_Sigmund_von_Wurmser" title="Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser">Dagobert von Wurmser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain"><img alt="Kingdom of Great Britain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir" title="Sir">Sir</a> <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abercromby" title="Ralph Abercromby">Ralph Abercromby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Saumarez,_1st_Baron_de_Saumarez" title="James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez">James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Pellew,_1st_Viscount_Exmouth" title="Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth">Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany" title="Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany">Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic"><img alt="Dutch Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Statenvlag.svg/23px-Statenvlag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Statenvlag.svg/35px-Statenvlag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Statenvlag.svg/45px-Statenvlag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Netherlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_V,_Prince_of_Orange" title="William V, Prince of Orange">William V, Prince of Orange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia"><img alt="Kingdom of Prussia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281803-1892%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_William_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Brunswick" title="Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick">Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Louis,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen">Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire"><img alt="Russian Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Korsakov" title="Alexander Korsakov">Alexander Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Suvorov" title="Alexander Suvorov">Alexander Suvorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Rosenberg" title="Andrei Rosenberg">Andrei Rosenberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Spain_(1700%E2%80%931810)#Charles_IV,_decline_and_fall_(1788–1808)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Spain (1700–1810)">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Firm%C3%ADn_de_Carvajal,_Conde_de_la_Uni%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Firmín de Carvajal, Conde de la Unión">Luis Firmin de Carvajal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ricardos" title="Antonio Ricardos">Antonio Ricardos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Other_significant_figures_and_factions5821" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other significant figures and factions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Society_of_1789" title="Patriotic Society of 1789">Patriotic Society of 1789</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sylvain_Bailly" title="Jean Sylvain Bailly">Jean Sylvain Bailly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette" title="Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette">Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Alexandre_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric,_duc_de_la_Rochefoucauld-Liancourt" class="mw-redirect" title="François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt">François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Ren%C3%A9_Guy_le_Chapelier" title="Isaac René Guy le Chapelier">Isaac René Guy le Chapelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Gabriel_Riqueti,_comte_de_Mirabeau" title="Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau">Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s" title="Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès">Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurice_de_Talleyrand-P%C3%A9rigord" title="Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord">Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Condorcet" title="Marquis de Condorcet">Nicolas de Condorcet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Feuillant_(political_group)" title="Feuillant (political group)">Feuillants</a><br />and <i><a href="/wiki/Club_de_Clichy" title="Club de Clichy">monarchiens</a></i></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Elliott" title="Grace Elliott">Grace Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaud_II_de_La_Porte" title="Arnaud II de La Porte">Arnaud de La Porte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Sifrein_Maury" title="Jean-Sifrein Maury">Jean-Sifrein Maury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Marie,_marquis_de_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy">François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Mathieu_Dumas" title="Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas">Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Barnave" title="Antoine Barnave">Antoine Barnave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette" title="Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre-Th%C3%A9odore-Victor,_comte_de_Lameth" title="Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth">Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Malo_Fran%C3%A7ois_Lameth" title="Charles Malo François Lameth">Charles Malo François Lameth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Ch%C3%A9nier" title="André Chénier">André Chénier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Rewbell" title="Jean-François Rewbell">Jean-François Rewbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Jordan_(politician)" title="Camille Jordan (politician)">Camille Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Madame de Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Antoine_de_Boissy_d%27Anglas" title="François Antoine de Boissy d'Anglas">Boissy d'Anglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Charles_Pichegru" title="Jean-Charles Pichegru">Jean-Charles Pichegru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paul_Royer-Collard" title="Pierre Paul Royer-Collard">Pierre Paul Royer-Collard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Bar%C3%A8re" title="Bertrand Barère">Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Girondins" title="Girondins">Girondins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Pierre_Brissot" title="Jacques Pierre Brissot">Jacques Pierre Brissot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Roland_de_la_Plati%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière">Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Roland" title="Madame Roland">Madame Roland</a></li> <li>Father <a href="/wiki/Henri_Gr%C3%A9goire" title="Henri Grégoire">Henri Grégoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clavi%C3%A8re" title="Étienne Clavière">Étienne Clavière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Condorcet" title="Marquis de Condorcet">Marquis de Condorcet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Corday" title="Charlotte Corday">Charlotte Corday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Jean_H%C3%A9rault_de_S%C3%A9chelles" title="Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles">Marie Jean Hérault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Treilhard" title="Jean Baptiste Treilhard">Jean Baptiste Treilhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Victurnien_Vergniaud" title="Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud">Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_P%C3%A9tion_de_Villeneuve" title="Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve">Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Debry" title="Jean Debry">Jean Debry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympe_de_Gouges" title="Olympe de Gouges">Olympe de Gouges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Robert_Lindet" title="Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet">Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Marie_de_La_R%C3%A9velli%C3%A8re-L%C3%A9peaux" title="Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux">Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plain" title="The Plain">The Plain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s" title="Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès">Abbé Sieyès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques-R%C3%A9gis_de_Cambac%C3%A9r%C3%A8s" title="Jean-Jacques-Régis de Cambacérès">de Cambacérès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois_Lebrun" title="Charles-François Lebrun">Charles-François Lebrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Cambon" title="Pierre-Joseph Cambon">Pierre-Joseph Cambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Bar%C3%A8re" title="Bertrand Barère">Bertrand Barère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazare_Carnot" title="Lazare Carnot">Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Philippe Égalité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Gabriel_Riqueti,_comte_de_Mirabeau" title="Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau">Mirabeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Christophe_Merlin" title="Antoine Christophe Merlin">Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Joseph_Mounier" title="Jean Joseph Mounier">Jean Joseph Mounier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Samuel_du_Pont_de_Nemours" title="Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours">Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Neufch%C3%A2teau" class="mw-redirect" title="François de Neufchâteau">François de Neufchâteau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Mountain" title="The Mountain">Montagnards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maximilien_Robespierre" title="Maximilien Robespierre">Maximilien Robespierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Danton" title="Georges Danton">Georges Danton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Marat" title="Jean-Paul Marat">Jean-Paul Marat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Desmoulins" title="Camille Desmoulins">Camille Desmoulins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine_de_Saint-Just" title="Louis Antoine de Saint-Just">Louis Antoine de Saint-Just</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Barras" title="Paul Barras">Paul Barras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Michel_le_Peletier,_marquis_de_Saint-Fargeau" title="Louis-Michel le Peletier, marquis de Saint-Fargeau">Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Sade" title="Marquis de Sade">Marquis de Sade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Couthon" title="Georges Couthon">Georges Couthon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ducos" title="Roger Ducos">Roger Ducos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Collot_d%27Herbois" title="Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois">Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Henri_Voulland" title="Jean-Henri Voulland">Jean-Henri Voulland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe-Antoine_Merlin_de_Douai" title="Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai">Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Quentin_Fouquier-Tinville" title="Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville">Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe-Fran%C3%A7ois-Joseph_Le_Bas" title="Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas">Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc-Guillaume_Alexis_Vadier" title="Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier">Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre-Andr%C3%A9_Amar" title="Jean-Pierre-André Amar">Jean-Pierre-André Amar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Antoine,_comte_Prieur-Duvernois" title="Claude Antoine, comte Prieur-Duvernois">Prieur de la Côte-d'Or</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Louis_Prieur" title="Pierre Louis Prieur">Prieur de la Marne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Romme" title="Gilbert Romme">Gilbert Romme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Bon_Saint-Andr%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Bon Saint-André">Jean Bon Saint-André</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Lambert_Tallien" title="Jean-Lambert Tallien">Jean-Lambert Tallien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Louis_Prieur" title="Pierre Louis Prieur">Pierre Louis Prieur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Christophe_Saliceti" title="Antoine Christophe Saliceti">Antoine Christophe Saliceti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9bertists" title="Hébertists">Hébertists</a><br />and <i><a href="/wiki/Enrag%C3%A9s" title="Enragés">Enragés</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_H%C3%A9bert" title="Jacques Hébert">Jacques Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Nicolas_Billaud-Varenne" title="Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne">Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gaspard_Chaumette" title="Pierre Gaspard Chaumette">Pierre Gaspard Chaumette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Philippe_Ronsin" title="Charles-Philippe Ronsin">Charles-Philippe Ronsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine-Fran%C3%A7ois_Momoro" title="Antoine-François Momoro">Antoine-François Momoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Nicolas_Vincent" title="François-Nicolas Vincent">François-Nicolas Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Chabot" title="François Chabot">François Chabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_No%C3%ABl_Bouchotte" title="Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte">Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel">Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hanriot" title="François Hanriot">François Hanriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Roux" title="Jacques Roux">Jacques Roux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislas-Marie_Maillard" title="Stanislas-Marie Maillard">Stanislas-Marie Maillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Philippe_Ronsin" title="Charles-Philippe Ronsin">Charles-Philippe Ronsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Varlet" title="Jean-François Varlet">Jean-François Varlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Th%C3%A9ophile_Victor_Leclerc" title="Jean Théophile Victor Leclerc">Theophile Leclerc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_Lacombe" title="Claire Lacombe">Claire Lacombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_L%C3%A9on" title="Pauline Léon">Pauline Léon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Gracchus Babeuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvain_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Sylvain Maréchal">Sylvain Maréchal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVII" title="Louis XVII">Louis XVII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Enghien" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien">Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Henri,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis Henri, Prince of Condé">Louis Henri, Prince of Condé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Joseph,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé">Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette" title="Marie Antoinette">Marie Antoinette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoléon Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Lucien Bonaparte">Lucien Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fesch" title="Joseph Fesch">Joseph Fesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_de_Beauharnais" title="Joséphine de Beauharnais">Joséphine de Beauharnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Joachim Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sylvain_Bailly" title="Jean Sylvain Bailly">Jean Sylvain Bailly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Donatien_Le_Ray_de_Chaumont" title="Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de Chaumont">Jacques-Donatien Le Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Chr%C3%A9tien_de_Lamoignon_de_Malesherbes" title="Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes">Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurice_de_Talleyrand-P%C3%A9rigord" title="Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord">Talleyrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A9sa_Tallien" title="Thérésa Tallien">Thérésa Tallien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gui-Jean-Baptiste_Target" title="Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target">Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Th%C3%A9ot" title="Catherine Théot">Catherine Théot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Louise_of_Savoy,_Princesse_de_Lamballe" title="Marie Thérèse Louise of Savoy, Princesse de Lamballe">Madame de Lamballe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_du_Barry" title="Madame du Barry">Madame du Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Le_Tonnelier_de_Breteuil" title="Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil">Louis de Breteuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">de Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chouan" title="Jean Chouan">Jean Chouan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Charles_de_Lom%C3%A9nie_de_Brienne" title="Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne">Loménie de Brienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Alexandre_de_Calonne" title="Charles Alexandre de Calonne">Charles Alexandre de Calonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Necker" title="Jacques Necker">Jacques Necker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Duval_d%27Epr%C3%A9mesnil" title="Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil">Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_associated_with_the_French_Revolution" title="List of people associated with the French Revolution">List of people associated with the French Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Factions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacobins" title="Jacobins">Jacobins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cordeliers" title="Cordeliers">Cordeliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on_Club" title="Panthéon Club">Panthéon Club</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Friends_of_Truth" title="Society of the Friends of Truth">Social Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Influential_thinkers636" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Influential thinkers</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Les Lumières</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Beaumarchais" title="Pierre Beaumarchais">Beaumarchais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Edmund Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anacharsis_Cloots" title="Anacharsis Cloots">Anacharsis Cloots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Augustin_de_Coulomb" title="Charles-Augustin de Coulomb">Charles-Augustin de Coulomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Claude_Fran%C3%A7ois_Daunou" title="Pierre Claude François Daunou">Pierre Claude François Daunou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Diderot" title="Denis Diderot">Diderot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier">Antoine Lavoisier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Thomas Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s" title="Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès">Abbé Sieyès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wollstonecraft" title="Mary Wollstonecraft">Mary Wollstonecraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Cultural_impact1319" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cultural impact</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/La_Marseillaise" title="La Marseillaise">La Marseillaise</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockade_of_France" title="Cockade of France">Cockade of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">Flag of France</a></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9,_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9,_fraternit%C3%A9" title="Liberté, égalité, fraternité">Liberté, égalité, fraternité</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne" title="Marianne">Marianne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscadin" title="Muscadin">Muscadin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day" title="Bastille Day">Bastille Day</a></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on" title="Panthéon">Panthéon</a></i></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Republican calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metric_system" title="Metric system">Metric system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen" title="Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen">Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_the_Supreme_Being" title="Cult of the Supreme Being">Cult of the Supreme Being</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_Reason" title="Cult of Reason">Cult of Reason</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Reason" title="Temple of Reason">Temple of Reason</a></li></ul></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Sans-culottes" title="Sans-culottes">Sans-culottes</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_cap" title="Phrygian cap">Phrygian cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_French_Revolution" title="Women in the French Revolution">Women in the French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incroyables_and_merveilleuses" title="Incroyables and merveilleuses">Incroyables and merveilleuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_in_the_French_Revolution" title="Symbolism in the French Revolution">Symbolism in the French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_French_Revolution" title="Historiography of the French Revolution">Historiography of the French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_the_French_Revolution" title="Influence of the French Revolution">Influence of the French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_set_during_the_French_Revolution_and_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="List of films set during the French Revolution and French Revolutionary Wars">Films</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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