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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Ginesium" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Ginesium" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Ginesium" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Ginesium" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Stampers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stampers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Stampers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stampers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vrugblare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vrugblare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vrugblare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vrugblare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sien_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sien_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sien ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sien_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ginesium</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 42 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chineceu" title="Chineceu – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chineceu" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="متاع – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="متاع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95" title="স্ত্রীস্তবক – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্ত্রীস্তবক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu%C4%8Dak" title="Tučak – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tučak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gineceu" title="Gineceu – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gineceu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyneceum_(botanika)" title="Gyneceum (botanika) – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gyneceum (botanika)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynoeceum" title="Gynoeceum – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gynoeceum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynoecium" title="Gynoecium – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gynoecium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpelaro" title="Karpelaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karpelaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gineceo" title="Gineceo – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gineceo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emakkond" title="Emakkond – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Emakkond" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginezeo" title="Ginezeo – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ginezeo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="مادگی – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مادگی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xineceo_(bot%C3%A1nica)" title="Xineceo (botánica) – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xineceo (botánica)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99_(%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9D)" title="עלי (צמחים) – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עלי (צמחים)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="जायांग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जायांग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu%C4%8Dak" title="Tučak – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tučak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putik" title="Putik – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Putik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gineceo_(botanica)" title="Gineceo (botanica) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gineceo (botanica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Гинецей – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гинецей" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynoecium" title="Gynoecium – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gynoecium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginecejs" title="Ginecejs – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ginecejs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Толчник (ботаника) – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Толчник (ботаника)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="ജനിപുടം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജനിപുടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginoesium" title="Ginoesium – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ginoesium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AB%C5%A1tigl_(bb%C3%ABt%C3%A1n%C3%ABca)" title="Pëštigl (bbëtánëca) – Neapolitaans" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Pëštigl (bbëtánëca)" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynoecium" title="Gynoecium – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gynoecium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gineceu" title="Gineceu – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gineceu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Гинецей – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гинецей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu%C4%8Dak" title="Tučak – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tučak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynoecium" title="Gynoecium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gynoecium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesti%C4%8D" title="Pestič – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pestič" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Тучак – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тучак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pistili" title="Pistili – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pistili" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Гинетсей – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гинетсей" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C5%9Fi_organ" title="Dişi organ – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dişi organ" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Гінецей – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гінецей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%85" title="وزیم – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وزیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urug%CA%BBchibarg" title="Urugʻchibarg – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Urugʻchibarg" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_nh%E1%BB%A5y" title="Bộ nhụy – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ nhụy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%8C%E8%8A%B1%E5%99%A8" title="雌花器 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="雌花器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%8C%E8%95%8A" title="雌蕊 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="雌蕊" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q588964#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ginesium" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Ginesium" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ginesium"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Magnolia_wieseneri_-_labelled_gynoecium_af.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Magnolia_wieseneri_-_labelled_gynoecium_af.jpg/220px-Magnolia_wieseneri_-_labelled_gynoecium_af.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Magnolia_wieseneri_-_labelled_gynoecium_af.jpg/330px-Magnolia_wieseneri_-_labelled_gynoecium_af.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Magnolia_wieseneri_-_labelled_gynoecium_af.jpg/440px-Magnolia_wieseneri_-_labelled_gynoecium_af.jpg 2x" data-file-width="718" data-file-height="790" /></a><figcaption>Die blom van <i>Magnolia</i> × <i>wieseneri</i> met die ginesium in die middel van die blom aangedui.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ginesium</b> is ’n versamelnaam vir die dele van ’n <a href="/wiki/Blom" title="Blom">blom</a> wat die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saadknop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saadknop (bladsy bestaan nie)">saadknoppe</a> vervaardig en eindelik in die <a href="/wiki/Vrug" title="Vrug">vrug</a> en <a href="/wiki/Saad" title="Saad">saad</a> ontwikkel. Dit is die middelste deel van die blom wat uit een of meer <b>stampers</b> kan bestaan en word omring deur die voortplantingsorgane wat die <a href="/wiki/Stuifmeel" title="Stuifmeel">stuifmeel</a> vervaardig: die <a href="/wiki/Meeldraad" title="Meeldraad">meeldrade</a>, wat saam die meeldraadkrans genoem word. </p><p>Daar word dikwels na die ginesium verwys as die "vroulike" deel van die blom, hoewel dit nie regstreeks vroulike <a href="/wiki/Gameet" title="Gameet">gamete</a> (eierselle) vervaardig nie;<sup id="cite_ref-Judd07_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Judd07-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dit vervaardig megaspore, waarvan elkeen in ’n vroulike gametofiet ontwikkel, en laasgenoemde vervaardig dan die eierselle. </p><p>Blomme wat ’n ginesium het, maar nie ’n meeldraadkrans nie, word vroulike blomme genoem, en blomme sonder ’n ginesium word manlike blomme genoem. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stampers">Stampers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Stampers" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Stampers"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mature_flower_numbered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mature_flower_numbered.svg/300px-Mature_flower_numbered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mature_flower_numbered.svg/450px-Mature_flower_numbered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mature_flower_numbered.svg/600px-Mature_flower_numbered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="252" /></a><figcaption>Die anatomie van ’n eenvrugblarige blom. 1. Volwasse <a href="/wiki/Blom" title="Blom">blom</a> 2. <a href="/wiki/Stempel" title="Stempel">Stempel</a> 3. Styl 4. Helmdraad 5. Blomas 6. Knoop 7. Stingel 8. Heuningkelk 9. Meeldraad 10. <a href="/wiki/Vrugbeginsel" title="Vrugbeginsel">Vrugbeginsel</a> 11. Saadknop 12. Helmbindsel 13. Mikrosporangium 14. Helmknop 15. Blomdek 16. <a href="/wiki/Kroonblaar" title="Kroonblaar">Kroonblaar</a>: blomkroon 17. <a href="/wiki/Kelkblaar" title="Kelkblaar">Kelkblaar</a>: blomkelk</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Hippeastrum-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Hippeastrum-1.jpg/220px-Hippeastrum-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Hippeastrum-1.jpg/330px-Hippeastrum-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Hippeastrum-1.jpg/440px-Hippeastrum-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2287" data-file-height="1444" /></a><figcaption><i>Hippeastrum</i>-blomme wat die meeldrade, styl en stempel wys.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Amaryllis_stigma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Amaryllis_stigma.jpg/220px-Amaryllis_stigma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Amaryllis_stigma.jpg/330px-Amaryllis_stigma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Amaryllis_stigma.jpg/440px-Amaryllis_stigma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>Die stempel en styl van <i>Hippeastrum</i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crocus_macro_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Crocus_macro_crop.jpg/220px-Crocus_macro_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Crocus_macro_crop.jpg/330px-Crocus_macro_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Crocus_macro_crop.jpg/440px-Crocus_macro_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="689" /></a><figcaption>Die stempel van 'n <i>Crocus</i>-blom.</figcaption></figure> <p>Die ginesium kan uit een of meer stampers bestaan. ’n Tipiese stamper bestaan uit ’n paar afsonderlike dele: ’n uitgebreide basale deel wat die <a href="/wiki/Vrugbeginsel" title="Vrugbeginsel">vrugbeginsel</a> genoem word, ’n lang deel bekend as die styl en ’n apikale struktuur wat die stuifmeel opvang, die stempel. </p> <ul><li>Die vrugbeginsel is die grootste basale deel wat plasentas, of saaddraers, het – riwwe weefsel wat een of meer saadknoppe bevat. Die plasentas en/of saadknoppe kan aan die ginesium-aanhangsels gedra word of minder dikwels aan die blomkruin.<sup id="cite_ref-Macd73_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Macd73-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Satt73_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satt73-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Satt88_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satt88-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Satt82_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satt82-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreyson1994130_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreyson1994130-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die kamer waarin die saadknoppe ontwikkel, word ’n vrughokkie of sel genoem.</li> <li>Die styl is ’n pilaaragtige steel waardeur die stuifmeelbuise groei om die vrugbeginsel te bereik. Sommige blomme soos <i>Tulipa</i> het nie ’n aparte styl nie en die stempel is direk op die vrugbeginsel geleë.<sup id="cite_ref-Esau_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esau-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Die stempel is gewoonlik aan die punt van die styl, die deel van die vrugblaar/vrugblare wat die stuifmeel opvang. Dit is gewoonlik taai of veeragtig om die doeltreffendheid daarvan te verhoog.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vrugblare">Vrugblare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Vrugblare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Vrugblare"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die stampers van die blom bestaan uit <b>vrugblare</b>. Dié is aangepaste blare en bevat saadknoppe, waarin die eierselle eindelik vorm. ’n Stamper kan uit een vrugblaar bestaan, met sy vrugbeginsel, styl en stempel, of verskeie vrugblare kan vergroei wees om een vrugbeginsel te vorm. </p><p>Hoewel baie blomme se vrugblare aan bogenoemde beskrywing voldoen, is daar ook blomme wat nie vrugblare volgens dié definisie het nie omdat die saadknoppe in sulke blomme direk aan die kruin gedra word en eers later in die vrugblaar toegevou word.<sup id="cite_ref-Satt88_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satt88-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die mate waarin die vrugblare vergroei is, wissel. Hulle kan net by die basis vergroei wees met aparte style en stempels, of heeltemal vergroei wees met net aparte stempels. Soms is vrugblare se style of stempels vergroei, maar hulle het aparte vrugbeginsels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sien_ook">Sien ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Sien ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Sien ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meeldraad" title="Meeldraad">Meeldraad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuifmeel" title="Stuifmeel">Stuifmeel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="font-size:95%; -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Judd07-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Judd07_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFJuddCampbellKelloggStevens2007" class="citation book cs1">Judd, W.S.; Campbell, C.S.; Kellogg, E.A.; Stevens, P.F.; Donoghue, M.J. (2007). <i>Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach</i> (3rd uitg.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-87893-407-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-87893-407-2"><bdi>978-0-87893-407-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plant+Systematics%3A+A+Phylogenetic+Approach&rft.place=Sunderland%2C+MA&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Sinauer+Associates%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-87893-407-2&rft.aulast=Judd&rft.aufirst=W.S.&rft.au=Campbell%2C+C.S.&rft.au=Kellogg%2C+E.A.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+P.F.&rft.au=Donoghue%2C+M.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGinesium" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Onbekende parameter <code class="cs1-code">|lastauthoramp=</code> geïgnoreer (<a href="/wiki/Hulp:AS1-foute#parameter_ignored" title="Hulp:AS1-foute">hulp</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Macd73-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Macd73_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMacdonaldSattler1973" class="citation journal cs1">Macdonald, A.D.; Sattler, R. (1973). "Floral development of <i>Myrica gale</i> and the controversy over floral theories". <i>Canadian Journal of Botany</i>. <b>51</b>: 1965–1975. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1139%2Fb73-251">10.1139/b73-251</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Floral+development+of+Myrica+gale+and+the+controversy+over+floral+theories&rft.volume=51&rft.pages=1965-1975&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1139%2Fb73-251&rft.aulast=Macdonald&rft.aufirst=A.D.&rft.au=Sattler%2C+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGinesium" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Onbekende parameter <code class="cs1-code">|lastauthoramp=</code> geïgnoreer (<a href="/wiki/Hulp:AS1-foute#parameter_ignored" title="Hulp:AS1-foute">hulp</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Satt73-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Satt73_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSattler1973" class="citation book cs1">Sattler, R. (1973). <i>Organogenesis of Flowers : a Photographic Text-Atlas</i>. University of Toronto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8020-1864-9" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8020-1864-9"><bdi>978-0-8020-1864-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Organogenesis+of+Flowers+%3A+a+Photographic+Text-Atlas&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-1864-9&rft.aulast=Sattler&rft.aufirst=R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGinesium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Satt88-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Satt88_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Satt88_4-1">4,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSattlerLacroix1988" class="citation journal cs1">Sattler, R.; Lacroix, C. (1988). "Development and evolution of basal cauline placentation: <i>Basella rubra</i>". <i>American Journal of Botany</i>. <b>75</b>: 918–927. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2444012">10.2307/2444012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Development+and+evolution+of+basal+cauline+placentation%3A+Basella+rubra&rft.volume=75&rft.pages=918-927&rft.date=1988&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2444012&rft.aulast=Sattler&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Lacroix%2C+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGinesium" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Onbekende parameter <code class="cs1-code">|lastauthoramp=</code> geïgnoreer (<a href="/wiki/Hulp:AS1-foute#parameter_ignored" title="Hulp:AS1-foute">hulp</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Satt82-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Satt82_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSattlerPerlin1982" class="citation journal cs1">Sattler, R.; Perlin, L. (1982). "Floral development of <i>Bougainvillea spectabilis</i> Willd., <i>Boerhaavia diffusa</i> L. and <i>Mirabilis jalapa</i> L. (Nyctaginaceae)". <i>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</i>: 161–182. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8339.1982.tb00532.x">10.1111/j.1095-8339.1982.tb00532.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Botanical+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.atitle=Floral+development+of+Bougainvillea+spectabilis+Willd.%2C+Boerhaavia+diffusa+L.+and+Mirabilis+jalapa+L.+%28Nyctaginaceae%29&rft.pages=161-182&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1095-8339.1982.tb00532.x&rft.aulast=Sattler&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Perlin%2C+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGinesium" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Onbekende parameter <code class="cs1-code">|lastauthoramp=</code> geïgnoreer (<a href="/wiki/Hulp:AS1-foute#parameter_ignored" title="Hulp:AS1-foute">hulp</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreyson1994130-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreyson1994130_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreyson1994">Greyson 1994</a>, p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esau-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Esau_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFEsau1965" class="citation book cs1">Esau, K. (1965). <i>Plant Anatomy</i> (2nd uitg.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/263092258">263092258</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plant+Anatomy&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F263092258&rft.aulast=Esau&rft.aufirst=K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGinesium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFD'Arcy,_W.G.;_Keating,_R.C.1996" class="citation book cs1">D'Arcy, W.G.; Keating, R.C. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.ca/books?id=SuUVYOFCTwYC"><i>The Anther: Form, Function, and Phylogeny</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-521-48063-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-521-48063-5"><bdi>978-0-521-48063-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anther%3A+Form%2C+Function%2C+and+Phylogeny&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-521-48063-5&rft.au=D%27Arcy%2C+W.G.%3B+Keating%2C+R.C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSuUVYOFCTwYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGinesium" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_meer_as_een_naam" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/15px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/23px-Crystal_txt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/30px-Crystal_txt.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynoecium" class="extiw" title="en:Gynoecium">Engelse Wikipedia</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&oldid=1838209">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ginesium&oldid=1838209</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Plantanatomie" title="Kategorie:Plantanatomie">Plantanatomie</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Versteekte kategorieë: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-foute:_onbekende_parameter" title="Kategorie:AS1-foute: onbekende parameter">AS1-foute: onbekende parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_meer_as_een_naam" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam">AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Die bladsy is laas op 11 Oktober 2018 om 20:56 bygewerk.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Die teks is beskikbaar onder die lisensie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Erkenning-Insgelyks Deel</a>. 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