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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bachem's_proposal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bachem's_proposal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Bachem's proposal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bachem's_proposal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modifications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modifications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Modifications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modifications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flight_testing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flight_testing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Flight testing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flight_testing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manned_test_flight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manned_test_flight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Manned test flight</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manned_test_flight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Stability</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation_Krokus_launch_pads_at_Hasenholz_wood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation_Krokus_launch_pads_at_Hasenholz_wood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span><i>Operation Krokus</i> launch pads at Hasenholz wood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation_Krokus_launch_pads_at_Hasenholz_wood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surviving_aircraft_and_replicas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surviving_aircraft_and_replicas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Surviving aircraft and replicas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surviving_aircraft_and_replicas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(Ba_349B-1)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(Ba_349B-1)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Specifications (Ba 349B-1)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specifications_(Ba_349B-1)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%A7_349" title="باكيم با 349 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="باكيم با 349" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter" title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%A7_%DB%B3%DB%B4%DB%B9" title="باخم با ۳۴۹ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باخم با ۳۴۹" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba_349" title="Ba 349 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba_349_(%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%A9%9F)" title="Ba 349 (航空機) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Ba 349 (航空機)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter" title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter" title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC_Ba_349" title="Бахем Ba 349 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бахем Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter" title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bachem Ba 349 Natter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachem_Ba_349" title="Bachem Ba 349 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bachem Ba 349" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB%E5%A7%86Ba_349_%E6%B0%B4%E6%B8%B8%E8%9B%87" title="巴赫姆Ba 349 水游蛇 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴赫姆Ba 349 水游蛇" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German rocket-powered interceptor prototype</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) 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.infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Ba 349 Natter</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1944_Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_r_anagoria.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/1944_Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_r_anagoria.JPG/300px-1944_Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_r_anagoria.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="523" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/1944_Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_r_anagoria.JPG/450px-1944_Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_r_anagoria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/1944_Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_r_anagoria.JPG/600px-1944_Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_r_anagoria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2068" data-file-height="3604" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">A replica of the Bachem Ba 349 at the <a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Museum" title="Deutsches Museum">Deutsches Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, Germany</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rocket-powered_aircraft" title="Rocket-powered aircraft">Rocket-powered</a> <a href="/wiki/Interceptor_aircraft" title="Interceptor aircraft">interceptor</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bachem_Werke_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachem Werke GmbH">Bachem Werke GmbH</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><div> <a href="/wiki/Erich_Bachem" title="Erich Bachem">Erich Bachem</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary users</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a><div> <a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">36</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">1 March 1945</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Bachem Ba 349 Natter</b> (English: <span lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae">Colubrid</a>, grass-snake</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> German <a href="/wiki/Point-defence" title="Point-defence">point-defence</a> rocket-powered <a href="/wiki/Interceptor_aircraft" title="Interceptor aircraft">interceptor</a>, which was to be used in a very similar way to a manned <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missile</a>. After a vertical take-off, which eliminated the need for airfields, most of the flight to the Allied bombers was to be controlled by an <a href="/wiki/Autopilot" title="Autopilot">autopilot</a>. The primary role of the relatively untrained pilot was to aim the aircraft at its target bomber and fire its armament of rockets. The pilot and the <a href="/wiki/Fuselage" title="Fuselage">fuselage</a> containing the rocket engine would then land using separate parachutes, while the nose section was disposable. </p><p>The first and only manned vertical take-off flight, on 1 March 1945, ended in the death of the <a href="/wiki/Test_pilot" title="Test pilot">test pilot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lothar_Sieber" title="Lothar Sieber">Lothar Sieber</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1943, <i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i> air superiority was being challenged by the Allies <a href="/wiki/Defence_of_the_Reich" title="Defence of the Reich">over the <i>Reich</i></a> and radical innovations were required to overcome the crisis. Surface-to-air missiles appeared to be a promising approach to counter the <a href="/wiki/Combined_Bomber_Offensive" title="Combined Bomber Offensive">Allied strategic bombing offensive</a>; a variety of projects were started, but invariably problems with the guidance and homing systems prevented any of these from attaining operational status.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Providing the missile with a pilot, who could operate a weapon during the brief terminal approach phase, offered a solution. </p><p>Submissions for a simple target defence interceptor were requested by the <i>Luftwaffe</i> in early 1944 under the umbrella of the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Jägernotprogramm</i></span>, literally "<a href="/wiki/Fighter_Emergency_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Fighter Emergency Program">Emergency Fighter Program</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of simple designs were proposed, including the <a href="/wiki/Heinkel_P.1077" title="Heinkel P.1077">Heinkel P.1077</a> <i>Julia</i>, in which the pilot lay prone (on his stomach), to reduce the frontal area. </p><p>The <i>Julia</i> was the front-runner for the contract. The initial plan was to launch the aircraft vertically, but this concept was later changed to a conventional horizontal take-off from a tricycle-wheeled trolley, similar to that used by the first eight prototypes of the <a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_234" class="mw-redirect" title="Arado Ar 234">Arado Ar 234</a> jet reconnaissance bomber.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bachem's_proposal"><span id="Bachem.27s_proposal"></span>Bachem's proposal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bachem's proposal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Natter was first conceived by Dr <a href="/wiki/Erich_Bachem" title="Erich Bachem">Erich Bachem</a> in August 1944, after witnessing an American bombing raid on a major German city. He believed there ought to be a way to break up these large formations of bombers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His BP-20 ("Natter") was a development from a design he had worked on at Fieseler, the <a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_166" title="Fieseler Fi 166">Fi 166</a> concept, but considerably more radical than the other submissions.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was built using glued and nailed wooden parts with an armour-plated bulkhead and bulletproof glass windshield at the front of the cockpit. The initial plan was to power the machine with a <a href="/wiki/Walter_HWK_109-509" title="Walter HWK 109-509">Walter HWK 109-509</a>A-2 rocket engine; however, only the 109-509A-1, as used in the <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_163_Komet" title="Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet">Me 163</a>, was available.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had a sea level thrust variable between 100 kg (220 lb) at "idle" to 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) at full power, with the <i>Natter's</i> intended quartet of rear flank-mount <a href="/wiki/Schmidding_SG34" class="mw-redirect" title="Schmidding SG34">Schmidding SG34</a> <a href="/wiki/Solid_fuel" title="Solid fuel">solid fuel</a> rocket boosters used in its vertical launch to provide an additional 4,800 kg (10,600 lb) thrust for 10 seconds before they burned out and were jettisoned. The experimental prototypes slid up a 20 m (66 ft)-tall vertical steel launch tower for a maximum sliding length of 17 m (56 ft) in three guideways, one for each wing tip and one for the lower tip of the ventral tail fin. By the time the aircraft left the tower it was hoped that it would have achieved sufficient speed to allow its aerodynamic surfaces to provide stable flight.<sup id="cite_ref-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under operational conditions, once the Natter had left the launcher, it would be guided to the proximity of the Allied bombers by an autopilot with the possibility of an added beam guidance similar to that used in some V-2 rocket launches. Only then would the pilot take control, aim and fire the armament, which was originally proposed to be a salvo of nineteen 55mm <a href="/wiki/R4M" title="R4M">R4M</a> rockets.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachem_1944a_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachem_1944a-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, 28 R4Ms or a number of the larger, 73mm <a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_297" title="Henschel Hs 297">Henschel Hs 297</a> <i>Föhn</i> rockets were suggested,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with either variety of unguided rocket fired from the Natter's nose-mounted cellular launch tubes. The Natter was intended to fly up and over the bombers, by which time its Walter engine would probably be out of propellant. Following its one-time attack with its rockets, the pilot would dive his Natter, now effectively a glider, to an altitude of around 3,000 m (9,800 ft), flatten out, release the nose of the aircraft and a small braking parachute from the rear fuselage. The fuselage would decelerate and the pilot would be ejected forwards by his own momentum and land by means of a personal parachute.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an early proposal in August 1944, the Natter design had a concrete nose; it was suggested that the machine might ram a bomber, but this proposal was subsequently withdrawn in later Project Natter outlines. Bachem stated clearly in the initial proposal that the Natter was not a <a href="/wiki/Suicide_weapon" title="Suicide weapon">suicide weapon</a> and much effort went into designing safety features for the pilot.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachem_1944a_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachem_1944a-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, owing to the potential dangers for the pilot inherent in the operation of this precarious aircraft, the Natter is sometimes listed as a suicide craft.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design had one decisive advantage over its competitors – it eliminated the necessity to land an unpowered gliding machine at an airbase, which, as the history of the Me 163 rocket aircraft had clearly demonstrated, made an aircraft extremely vulnerable to attack by Allied fighters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modifications">Modifications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a> became interested in Bachem's design. The <a href="/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Reichsführer-SS">Reichsführer-SS</a> granted Bachem an interview and fully supported the project. In the middle of September 1944, the Technical Office of the <a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a> made an order for Bachem to develop and manufacture the Natter at his <a href="/wiki/Bad_Waldsee" title="Bad Waldsee">Waldsee</a> factory.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Reichsluftfahrtministerium" class="mw-redirect" title="Reichsluftfahrtministerium">Reichsluftfahrtministerium</a> (RLM/German Aviation Ministry) officially designated the BP-20 the Ba 349A and construction began.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During December 1944, the project came largely under the control of the SS and <a href="/wiki/Obergruppenf%C3%BChrer" title="Obergruppenführer">Obergruppenführer</a> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Kammler" title="Hans Kammler">Hans Kammler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This decision is said to have been the only time the SS significantly interfered with aircraft design and air fighting strategy.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early-on in the project, the RLM undertook an engineering assessment of the Natter, which it reported on 28 October 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Natter was designed to be built by unskilled labor with poor-quality tools and inexpensive material.<sup id="cite_ref-ley194811_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various stringent economies were imposed on an already frugal design. The Natter had no landing gear, which saved weight, expense and construction time. Consequently, one of the most unusual features of the machine was the escape of the pilot and recovery of the machine. </p><p>The proposed sequence of these events was as follows: After the attack, the Natter might dive to a lower altitude and flatten out into level flight. The pilot would then proceed with a well-practised escape sequence. He would open the cockpit canopy latch, which would allow the canopy to flick backwards on its hinge in the airstream. Next, the pilot would undo his seat belt and remove his feet from the rudder pedal stirrups. By squeezing a lever mounted on the control column, he would release a lock at the base of the column, which would allow him to tilt the column forwards where it could engage in and undo a safety latch for the nose release mechanism. He would then lean a little further forward and pull a lever hinged near the floor at the front of the cockpit, freeing the nose section, which self-jettisoned as a result of the reduced aerodynamic pressure at the front of the fuselage. </p><p>As the nose section separated, it was intended to briefly pull on two cables that released a small ribbon parachute stored on the starboard side of the rear fuselage. The parachute subsequently opened and decelerated the Natter. The pilot would be ejected from the cockpit by his own momentum and as soon as he was clear of the fuselage, he would open his personal parachute and descend to the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ley194811_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A parachute was to eject the valuable Walter rocket engine from the rear, which would decelerate the aircraft and eject the pilot with inertia,<sup id="cite_ref-ley194811_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, associated problems with this mechanism were still not fully resolved prior to the conflict's end.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Wind tunnel testing on a wooden model, scaled to 40% of full size, was performed at the <i>Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt</i> (DVL), the Institute for Aerodynamics at <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>-<a href="/wiki/Adlershof" title="Adlershof">Adlershof</a> in September 1944 at speeds up to 504 kilometres per hour (313 mph). Results from these tests were reported in January 1945 to the Bachem-Werk.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ley194811_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further model tests were carried out at the <i><a href="/wiki/Luftfahrtforschungsanstalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Luftfahrtforschungsanstalt">Luftfahrtforschungsanstalt</a> Hermann Göring</i> (LFA) facility in <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkenrode" title="Völkenrode">Völkenrode</a>-Braunschweig, at speeds close to <a href="/wiki/Mach_number" title="Mach number">Mach</a> 1.<sup id="cite_ref-Millikan_1945,_p._14_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millikan_1945,_p._14-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March the Bachem-Werk simply received a statement that satisfactory flying qualities should be expected with speeds up to 1,100 kilometres per hour (680 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-Bratt_1945_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bratt_1945-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flight_testing">Flight testing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Flight testing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Construction of the first experimental prototype <i>Natter, Versuchsmuster 1</i>, was completed on 4 October 1944. V1 was subsequently referred to as <i>Baumuster1</i> (<i>BM1</i>) and later still the "B" was dropped and the machine became known as the M1. Most subsequent prototypes were known by 'M' codes, as the later prototypes of the <a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_162" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinkel He 162">Heinkel He 162</a> were. Manned glider flights began on 3 November 1944. The first glider M1 was towed to around 3,000 m by a <a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_111" title="Heinkel He 111">Heinkel He 111</a> bomber with a cable (<i>Tragschlepp</i> mode) at <a href="/wiki/Neuburg_an_der_Donau" title="Neuburg an der Donau">Neuburg an der Donau</a>. The pilot was Erich Klöckner, who made all four documented <i>Tragschlepp</i> ("towed") flights. </p><p>After carrying out the test programme of the M1, he bailed out and the machine crashed into the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was found that the towing cable, and in the case of the M3, the undercarriage interfered with the flight characteristics of the gliders and consequently the results were difficult to interpret.<sup id="cite_ref-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To resolve doubts about the Natter in the glider mode, Hans Zübert made a free flight in the M8 on 14 February, and showed that the Natter was indeed a good flying machine.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The vertical take-off trials were conducted on high ground called the Ochsenkopf at the <i>Truppenübungsplatz</i> (military training area) Heuberg near <a href="/wiki/Stetten_am_kalten_Markt" title="Stetten am kalten Markt">Stetten am kalten Markt</a>, <a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Württemberg">Württemberg</a>. The first successful unmanned vertical take-off from the experimental launch tower occurred on 22 December 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The test machine, the M16, was powered only by the Schmidding solid boosters,<sup id="cite_ref-c4_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c4-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as were all the early vertical launch trials. Up to and including 1 March 1945, 16 prototypes had been used, eight in glider trials and eight in VTO trials.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manned_test_flight">Manned test flight</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Manned test flight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By January 1945, Bachem was under pressure from the authorities in Berlin to carry out a manned flight by the end of February.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 February, M22 was in the experimental launch tower. It was as complete an operational machine as possible with the Walter HWK 109-509 A1 engine installed for the first time. A dummy pilot was in the cockpit. Lift-off from the tower was perfect. The engineers and ground crew watched as the M22 ascended under the combined power of the four Schmidding boosters and the Walter engine, an estimated total thrust of 6,500 kg (14,300 lb). The nose separated as programmed and the dummy pilot descended safely under its personal parachute. The remainder of the fuselage came down under its two large salvage parachutes, but when it hit the ground the Walter liquid-propellant rocket engine's residual <a href="/wiki/Hypergolic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypergolic">hypergolic</a> propellants (<i><a href="/wiki/T-Stoff" title="T-Stoff">T-Stoff</a></i> oxidizer and <i><a href="/wiki/C-Stoff" title="C-Stoff">C-Stoff</a></i> fuel) exploded and the machine was destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite Bachem's concerns that the test programme had been significantly cut short, a young volunteer <i>Luftwaffe</i> test pilot, <a href="/wiki/Lothar_Sieber" title="Lothar Sieber">Lothar Sieber</a>, climbed into the cockpit of the fully fuelled M23 on 1 March. The aircraft was equipped with an FM transmitter for the purpose of transmitting flight data from various monitoring sensors in the machine.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A hard wire intercom appears to have been provided between Sieber and the engineers in the launch bunker using a system similar to that used in the manned glider flights. Around 1100 am, the M23 was ready for take-off. Low stratus clouds lay over the Ochsenkopf. The Walter liquid-fueled rocket engine built up to full thrust and Sieber pushed the button to ignite the four solid boosters. </p><p>Initially, the Natter rose vertically but, at an altitude of about 100 to 150 m (330 to 490 ft), it suddenly pitched up into an inverted curve at about 30° to the vertical. At about 500 m (1,600 ft) the cockpit canopy was seen to fly off. The Natter continued to climb at high speed at an angle of 15° from the horizontal and disappeared into the clouds. The Walter engine stalled about 15 seconds after take-off. It is estimated the Natter reached 1,500 m (4,900 ft), at which point it nose-dived and hit the ground with great force about 32 seconds later, some kilometres from the launch site.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ley194811_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unknown at the time, one of the Schmidding boosters failed to jettison and its remains were dug up at the crash site in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pilot was likely unconscious long before the crash.<sup id="cite_ref-ley194811_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bachem surmised Sieber had involuntarily pulled back on the control column under the effect of the 3 G acceleration. Examination of the canopy, which fell near the launch site, showed the tip of the latch was bent, suggesting it may not have been in the fully closed position at launch.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pilot's headrest had been attached to the underside of the canopy and as the canopy flew off the pilot's head would have snapped back suddenly about 25 cm (9.8 in), hitting the solid wooden rear upper cockpit bulkhead, and either knocking Sieber unconscious or breaking his neck.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The accident reinforced Bachem's long held belief that the take-off and flight in the vicinity of the target bombers should be fully automated. The canopy latch was strengthened and the headrest was attached to the backboard of the cockpit. Before the introduction of the autopilot in the test programme, the control column would have a temporary locking device on it, which would allow the machine to ascend vertically to at least 1,000 m (3,300 ft) and then be removed by the pilot.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Walter engine probably ceased operation because the Natter was virtually upside-down and air may have entered the intake pipes in the propellant tanks, starving the engine.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sieber had become the first person to take off vertically from the ground under pure rocket power, 16 years before <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Gagarin" title="Yuri Gagarin">Yuri Gagarin</a>'s <i>Vostok 1</i> pioneering, peacetime orbital flight. Following Sieber's death, all of the eight subsequent Natter flights were unmanned.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Production">Production</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The SS ordered 150 Natters, and the <i>Luftwaffe</i> ordered 50, but none were delivered by the end of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-ley194811_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much debate has surrounded the number of Natters built at the Bachem-Werk and their disposition. According to Bachem, 36 <i>Natters</i> were produced at the Bachem-Werk in <a href="/wiki/Bad_Waldsee" title="Bad Waldsee">Waldsee</a> by the end of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-c4_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c4-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Up to April 1945, 17 aircraft had been used in unmanned trials comprising five gliders, all slung under an He 111 in the <i>Mistelschlepp</i> configuration prior to launch, and 12 VTO examples. Five aircraft were prepared for manned trials, four gliders and one VTO version. The M3 was flown twice, and then rebuilt at which time it was given the new code BM3a but was never flown. The total number of launches to early April 1945 was 22, as was the total number of Natters constructed up to that time.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bachem reported further that there were 14 more finished or almost finished aircraft in April 1945. Four of these were prototype A1 operational Natters built for test launching from a wooden pole launcher, which had been designed for field deployment.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This new launcher was also constructed on the Heuberg, not far from the experimental steel tower. There is documentary evidence for two pole launches in April but not three as claimed by Bachem in his post-war presentation.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The documentation for this third flight may have been destroyed by the SS at war's end. Ten A1 operational Natters, called <i>K-Maschinen</i>, were constructed for the <i>Krokus-Einsatz</i> ("Operation Crocus").<sup id="cite_ref-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fate of these 14 A1 Natters was as follows: Three were fired from the vertical launch tower according to Bachem, four were burnt at Waldsee, two were burnt at <i>Lager</i> Schlatt, <a href="/wiki/Oetztal" class="mw-redirect" title="Oetztal">Oetztal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, four were captured by US troops at <a href="/wiki/Sankt_Leonhard_im_Pitztal" title="Sankt Leonhard im Pitztal">Sankt Leonhard im Pitztal</a>, Austria,<sup id="cite_ref-Bratt_1945_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bratt_1945-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one, which had been sent as a sample model to a new factory in <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a>, was captured by the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consequently, the total of 36 test and operational aircraft constructed at the Bachem-Werk can be accounted for. However, Natter carcasses were used for a variety of ground-based purposes; for example, as a static booster rocket, armament and strength testing and pilot seat position tests. Some fuselages were reused after flight testing; for example, the M5, 6 and 7.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of the four Natters captured at Sankt Leonhard im Pitztal, two went to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Gooden_2006,_pp._115-120_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gooden_2006,_pp._115-120-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only one original Natter built in Germany in the Second World War survives in storage at the <a href="/wiki/Paul_E._Garber_Preservation,_Restoration,_and_Storage_Facility" title="Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility">Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility</a> in <a href="/wiki/Suitland,_Maryland" title="Suitland, Maryland">Suitland, Maryland</a>, under the auspices of the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>. The fate of the other Natter brought to the US is unknown. There is no documentary evidence that a Natter was ever flown from <a href="/wiki/Edwards_Air_Force_Base" title="Edwards Air Force Base">Muroc Field</a>. The tail section of one of the Natters at Sankt Leonhard im Pitztal was broken off while it still rested on its trailer.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stability">Stability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Stability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In early February 1945, the positions of the centre of gravity for the A1 operational machine during its flight profile were giving the RLM and the SS cause for concern. They wanted these figures to be decided upon for the upcoming construction of the A1 aircraft for <i>Krokus-Einsatz</i> (Operation Crocus), the field deployment of the Natter.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The position of the centre of gravity is expressed as a percentage of the chord (distance between the leading and trailing edges) of the main wing. Thus 0% is the leading edge and 100% is the trailing edge. In the manned glider trials the centre of gravity had been varied between 20 and 34%. </p><p>At a meeting of engineers held on 8 February, the variations in the centre of gravity expected in the A1 <i>Krokus</i> machine were discussed. At take-off with the weight of the four solid boosters, the centre of gravity would be brought back to 65%, but after releasing these rockets it would move forwards to 22%. The free flight by Zübert on 14 February had showed unequivocally that the little Natter had excellent flying characteristics as a glider. The centre of gravity problem was solved initially by the addition of one-metre-square auxiliary tailfins that were released simultaneously with the jettisoning of the boosters.<sup id="cite_ref-Millikan_1945,_p._14_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millikan_1945,_p._14-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Krokus</i> aircraft had vanes that would direct the Walter rocket exhaust gases so as to assist vehicle stabilisation at low speed similar to those used in the V-2 rocket. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bachem_Ba349_rockets.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Bachem_Ba349_rockets.jpg/240px-Bachem_Ba349_rockets.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Bachem_Ba349_rockets.jpg/360px-Bachem_Ba349_rockets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Bachem_Ba349_rockets.jpg/480px-Bachem_Ba349_rockets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="393" /></a><figcaption>A captured Ba 349A-1 Natter on display for Open Days at Freeman Field, Indiana, September 1945. The swastikas are neither authentic nor positioned according to German military specifications.</figcaption></figure> <p>By 25 April 1945, <a href="/wiki/Free_French_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French Forces">French forces</a> had captured Waldsee and presumably took control of the Bachem-Werk.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly before the French troops arrived, a group of Bachem-Werk personnel set out for Austria with five A1 Natters on trailers.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At <a href="/wiki/Bad_W%C3%B6rishofen" title="Bad Wörishofen">Bad Wörishofen</a>, the group waited for another squad retreating from <a href="/wiki/Kirchheim_unter_Teck" title="Kirchheim unter Teck">Nabern unter Teck</a> with one completed Natter. Both groups then set out for the <a href="/wiki/Central_Eastern_Alps" title="Central Eastern Alps">Austrian Alps</a>. One group with two Natters ended up at the junction of the river <a href="/wiki/Inn_(river)" title="Inn (river)">Inn</a> and one of its tributaries, the <a href="/wiki/%C3%96tztaler_Ache" title="Ötztaler Ache">Ötztaler Ache</a>, at Camp Schlatt. The other group went to St. Leonhard im Pitztal with four aircraft. US troops captured the first group at Camp Schlatt around 4 May and the second group on the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-Gooden_2006,_pp._106-107_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gooden_2006,_pp._106-107-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At some time during the project, the Bachem-Werk was ordered to give complete details of the BP-20 Natter to the Japanese, but there was doubt over whether they had received them. They were, however, known to have a general knowledge of the Natter and showed considerable interest in the project.<sup id="cite_ref-Bratt_1945_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bratt_1945-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_Krokus_launch_pads_at_Hasenholz_wood"><i>Operation Krokus</i> launch pads at Hasenholz wood</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Operation Krokus launch pads at Hasenholz wood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An operational launch site for the first Ba 349A-1 operational Natters under the code name <i>Operation Krokus</i> was being established in a small wooded area called Hasenholz, south of the <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a> to <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">autobahn</a> and to the east of Nabern unter Teck. Around the end of February and the beginning of March the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_Todt" title="Organisation Todt">Organisation Todt</a> was in action, constructing each set of the trios of concrete foundations (or "footings") for the launch towers. These three launch pads and their towers were arranged at the corners of an equilateral triangle, 120 m per side. The specific locations are said to be <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&params=48_37_42.017_N_9_29_53.607_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°37′42.017″N</span> <span class="longitude">9°29′53.607″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.62833806°N 9.49822417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.62833806; 9.49822417</span></span></span></a></span></span>, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&params=48_37_42.043_N_9_29_57.860_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°37′42.043″N</span> <span class="longitude">9°29′57.860″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.62834528°N 9.49940556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.62834528; 9.49940556</span></span></span></a></span></span> and <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&params=48_37_38.629_N_9_29_55.140_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°37′38.629″N</span> <span class="longitude">9°29′55.140″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.62739694°N 9.49865000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.62739694; 9.49865000</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the centre of each of the three concrete footings is a square hole approximately 50 centimeters deep, which once served as the foundation for the launch tower. Beside each hole is a pipe, cut off at ground level, which was probably once a cable pit. These three concrete pads were noticed by a surveyor in the autumn of 1945, but not rediscovered until 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 January, eight pilots volunteered for the first operational flights and started familiarizing themselves with the Natter at Bachem's factory on 5 February. This training continued until the beginning of April. The pilots were expecting to fly three combat-ready Natters on 20 April, which was Hitler's birthday, but were unaware that the launch pads were still incomplete. But on that day the <a href="/wiki/10th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="10th Armored Division (United States)">US 10th Armored Division</a> drove its tanks into <a href="/wiki/Kirchheim_unter_Teck" title="Kirchheim unter Teck">Kirchheim unter Teck</a> to the northwest of Hasenholz wood. The next day it crossed the autobahn and headed straight for the Natter operational area. The Natter group subsequently retreated to Waldsee.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Last preserved Bachem Ba 349 Natter launch pad in the Hasenholz."><img alt="Last preserved Bachem Ba 349 Natter launch pad in the Hasenholz." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad.jpg/270px-Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad.jpg/405px-Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad.jpg/540px-Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Last preserved Bachem Ba 349 Natter launch pad in the Hasenholz.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad_ruins.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ruins of the two Bachem Ba 349 Natter launch pads in the Hasenholz."><img alt="Ruins of the two Bachem Ba 349 Natter launch pads in the Hasenholz." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad_ruins.jpg/270px-Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad_ruins.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad_ruins.jpg/405px-Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad_ruins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad_ruins.jpg/540px-Bachem_Ba_349_Natter_launch_pad_ruins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ruins of the two Bachem Ba 349 Natter launch pads in the Hasenholz.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surviving_aircraft_and_replicas">Surviving aircraft and replicas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Surviving aircraft and replicas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ba-349-Unrestored.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Ba-349-Unrestored.jpg/220px-Ba-349-Unrestored.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Ba-349-Unrestored.jpg/330px-Ba-349-Unrestored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Ba-349-Unrestored.jpg/440px-Ba-349-Unrestored.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a><figcaption>The surviving Bachem Ba 349A-1 at the Smithsonian Institution's Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility in Suitland, Maryland</figcaption></figure> <p>Only one original A1 Natter survives; it is stored in the Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration and Storage Facility in <a href="/wiki/Suitland,_Maryland" title="Suitland, Maryland">Suitland, Maryland</a>, US. It is in a poor state of repair and is no longer accessible to the general public.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The evidence supports the proposition that this machine was captured by US troops at St. Leonhard im Pitztal, Austria in May 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-Gooden_2006,_pp._115-120_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gooden_2006,_pp._115-120-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Natter displayed at the <a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Museum" title="Deutsches Museum">Deutsches Museum</a> is said to have been reconstructed partly from sub-assemblies that survived the end of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This machine is of the experimental type as launched from the steel tower and is painted to look like an M17. There are several static reproductions of Natters around the world, for example at the <a href="/wiki/Planes_of_Fame_Air_Museum" title="Planes of Fame Air Museum">Planes of Fame Air Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chino,_California" title="Chino, California">Chino, California</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_of_Flight" title="Fantasy of Flight">Fantasy of Flight</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polk_City,_Florida" title="Polk City, Florida">Polk City, Florida</a>, US.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film">Film</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2010, Oliver Gortat and Philip Schneider made a documentary film about the Bachem Ba 349.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(Ba_349B-1)"><span id="Specifications_.28Ba_349B-1.29"></span>Specifications (Ba 349B-1)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Specifications (Ba 349B-1)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bachem_Ba_349a_Natter.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bachem_Ba_349a_Natter.svg/220px-Bachem_Ba_349a_Natter.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bachem_Ba_349a_Natter.svg/330px-Bachem_Ba_349a_Natter.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bachem_Ba_349a_Natter.svg/440px-Bachem_Ba_349a_Natter.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1551" data-file-height="1166" /></a><figcaption>Ba 349</figcaption></figure> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> <i>Aircraft of the Third Reich</i><sup id="cite_ref-Greenaottr_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenaottr-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> 1</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 6 m (19 ft 8 in)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> 4 m (13 ft 1 in)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in) (without fins)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 4.7 m<sup>2</sup> (51 sq ft)</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 880 kg (1,940 lb) fuel expended</li> <li><b>Gross weight:</b> 2,232 kg (4,921 lb) <br /></li> <li><b>Gross weight boosters jettisoned:</b> 1,769 kg (3,900 lb)</li> <li><b>Fuel capacity:</b> 650 kg</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 1 × <a href="/wiki/Walter_HWK_109-509C-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter HWK 109-509C-1">Walter HWK 109-509C-1</a> bi-fuel rocket engine, 11.2 kN (2,500 lbf) thrust <i>Hauptofen</i> main chamber<br /></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd>2.9 kN (652 lbf) <i>Marschofen</i> auxiliary chamber</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Powerplant:</b> 4 × <a href="/wiki/Schmidding_SG_34" title="Schmidding SG 34">Schmidding SG 34</a> solid fuel booster rockets, 4.9 kN (1,100 lbf) thrust each <br /></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd>or 2 x 9.8 kN (2,203 lbf) solid fuel booster rocket motors</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Maximum speed:</b> 1,000 km/h (620 mph, 540 kn) at 5,000 m (16,404 ft)</li> <li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 800 km/h (500 mph, 430 kn)</li> <li><b>Range:</b> 60 km (37 mi, 32 nmi) after climb at 3,000 m (9,843 ft)<br /></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd>55 km (34 mi)after climb at 6,000 m (19,685 ft)</dd> <dd>42 km (26 mi)after climb at 9,000 m (29,528 ft)</dd> <dd>40 km (25 mi)after climb at 10,000 m (32,808 ft)</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Endurance:</b> 4.36 minutes at 6,000 m (19,685 ft)<br /></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd>3.15 minutes at 9,000 m (29,528 ft)</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 12,000 m (39,000 ft)</li> <li><b>Rate of climb:</b> 190 m/s (37,000 ft/min)</li> <li><b>Time to altitude:</b> 62 seconds to 12 km (7.5 mi)</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Armament</b></span><br /> </p> <ul><li>24 × 73 mm (2.874 in) <a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_297" title="Henschel Hs 297">Henschel Hs 297</a> Föhn 73mm<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMunson197828_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMunson197828-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rocket shells</li> <li>or 33 × 55 mm (2.165 in) <a href="/wiki/R4M" title="R4M">R4M</a> rocket shells</li> <li>or 2 × 30 mm (1.181 in) <a href="/wiki/MK_108" class="mw-redirect" title="MK 108">MK 108</a> cannon with 30 rpg (proposed)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wasserfall" title="Wasserfall">Wasserfall</a></li></ul> <p><b>Related development</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zero-length_launch" title="Zero-length launch">Zero-length launch</a></li></ul> <p><b>Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Von_Braun_Interceptor" title="Von Braun Interceptor">Von Braun Interceptor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_163_Komet" title="Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet">Me 163</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizuno_Shinryu" title="Mizuno Shinryu">Mizuno Shinryu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda-Kauba_Sk_P.14" class="mw-redirect" title="Škoda-Kauba Sk P.14">Škoda-Kauba Sk P.14</a></li></ul> <p> <b>Related lists</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_of_World_War_II" title="List of aircraft of World War II">List of aircraft of World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_military_aircraft_of_Germany" title="List of World War II military aircraft of Germany">List of World War II military aircraft of Germany</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Usually mis-translated as "Viper" or "Adder". However, the corresponding German terms (<i>Viper</i> and <i>Otter</i>) always refer to venomous snakes. <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Natter" class="extiw" title="wikt:Natter">Natter</a></i> traditionally denotes a non-venomous snake, especially the common grass-snake of Europe (<i><a href="/wiki/Natrix_natrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Natrix natrix">Natrix natrix</a></i>). Technically, the literal English translation of <i>Natter</i> would be "colubrid"; no corresponding vernacular term exists in English, since rather than distinguishing "adders" from non-venomous snakes, German developed <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Otter#Etymology_2" class="extiw" title="wikt:Otter">a venomous and a non-venomous</a> variant of its equivalent of "adder".</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dryden 1945, pp. 1–11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Proctor 1945 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pabst 1984, p. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachem 1944b.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers196635_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers1966">Aeronautical Staff of Aero Publishers 1966</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green 1970, p. 65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2006, pp. 124–127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reyle_1998,_pp._70-73_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Reyle 1998, pp. 70–73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachem-Werk 1944, pp. 183–185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bachem_1944a-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bachem_1944a_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bachem_1944a_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachem 1944a</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Köster 1944.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (June 2014)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher, p. 153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discaircraft.greyfalcon.us/German%20Suicidal%20Aircraft.htm">German Suicidal Aircraft</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grieger 1990, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Felkin 1945 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Speer 2001, p. 215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Magerstädt 1944 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ley194811-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ley194811_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ley194811_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ley194811_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ley194811_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ley194811_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ley194811_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ley194811_19-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLey1948" class="citation magazine cs1">Ley, Willy (November 1948). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Astounding_v42n03_1948-11_cape1736#page/n77/mode/2up">"The 'Brickwall' in the Sky"</a>. <i>Astounding Science Fiction</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">78–</span>99.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astounding+Science+Fiction&rft.atitle=The+%27Brickwall%27+in+the+Sky&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E78-%3C%2Fspan%3E99&rft.date=1948-11&rft.aulast=Ley&rft.aufirst=Willy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FAstounding_v42n03_1948-11_cape1736%23page%2Fn77%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABachem+Ba+349+Natter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2006, pp. 101–102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wacke 1945, p. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Millikan_1945,_p._14-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Millikan_1945,_p._14_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millikan_1945,_p._14_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Millikan 1945, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bratt_1945-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bratt_1945_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bratt_1945_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bratt_1945_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bratt 1945 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Klöckner 1944</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zübert 1945 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c4-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-c4_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-c4_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher, p. 154.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2006, pp. 114–115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">de Bok 1978, pp. 104–109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lommel 1998, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilde 1945 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bachem_1952,_pp._89-96_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachem 1952, pp. 89–96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pallud 2011, pp. 2–21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lommel 1998, photograph purporting to show the canopy from M23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachem-Werk 1945a.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Aktennotiz: Stellungnahme zu der Erprobung M23 (Senkrechtstart der bemannte Triebswerkmachine)." <i>Sonderkommando der Waffen SS</i> (Waldsee-Württemberg), March 1945.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2006, p. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2019, p. 504.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachem-Werk 1945b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bachem-Werk 1945c</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gooden_2006,_pp._115-120-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gooden_2006,_pp._115-120_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gooden_2006,_pp._115-120_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2006, pp. 115–120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden, Brett. <i>Natter Photographic Archive,</i> 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Aktenvermerk über eine Besprechung am 8-2-45, "Für die Flugeigenschaftsprüfung…" </i> (in German). Berlin-Aldershof: DVL, February 1945.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">De Lattre de Tassigny 1952, p. 493</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lommel 2000, p. 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2006, p. 106</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gooden_2006,_pp._106-107-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gooden_2006,_pp._106-107_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2006, pp. 106–107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Google Earth. (Just south of Holzmaden, three Krokus launch pads marked and photographs of each pad shown).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lommel 1951, pp. 128–136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooden 2019, pp. 306–309, 359–360.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A19600313000">"Bachem Ba 349 B-1 Natter (Viper)"</a>. Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150320182751/http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A19600313000">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bachem+Ba+349+B-1+Natter+%28Viper%29&rft.pub=Smithsonian+National+Air+and+Space+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fairandspace.si.edu%2Fcollections%2Fartifact.cfm%3Fobject%3Dnasm_A19600313000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABachem+Ba+349+Natter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lommel 1998, p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyG4sRs3jOA">Natter in german</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenaottr-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Greenaottr_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2010" class="citation book cs1">Green, William (2010). <i>Aircraft of the Third Reich</i> (1st ed.). London: Aerospace Publishing Limited. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-900732-06-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-900732-06-2"><bdi>978-1-900732-06-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aircraft+of+the+Third+Reich&rft.place=London&rft.pages=34&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Aerospace+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-900732-06-2&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABachem+Ba+349+Natter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMunson197828-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMunson197828_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMunson1978">Munson 1978</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAeronautical_Staff_of_Aero_Publishers1966" class="citation book cs1">Aeronautical Staff of Aero Publishers (1966). <i>Kamikaze</i>. Fallbrook, California, USA: Aero Publishers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kamikaze&rft.place=Fallbrook%2C+California%2C+USA&rft.pub=Aero+Publishers&rft.date=1966&rft.au=Aeronautical+Staff+of+Aero+Publishers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABachem+Ba+349+Natter" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Angelucci, Enzo. <i>The Rand McNally Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft, 1914–1980.</i> San Diego, California: The Military Press, 1983. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-41021-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-41021-4">0-517-41021-4</a>.</li> <li>Bachem, Erich. "Einige grundsätzliche Probleme des Senkrechstarts. Probleme aus der Astronautischen Grundlagenforschung" (in German). <i>Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Astronautics</i>. Stuttgart: Gesellschaft für Weltraumforschung, September 1952.</li> <li>Bachem, Erich. "Projekt 'Natter' (BP-20/Barak 1) (in German). Transcript in <i>Horst Lommel, Der erste Raketenstart der Welt.</i> Waldsee-Württemberg: Bachem-Werk GmbH, August 1944.</li> <li>Bachem, Erich. "Zur 'Natter'-Frage!" (in German). <i>Bachem-Werk.</i> Waldsee-Württemberg, December 1944.</li> <li>Bachem-Werk. "Vorläufiger Kurz-Erprobungsbericht von Gerät 'Natter' Baumuster M16" (in German). Transcript in <i>Horst Lommel, Der erste Raketenstart der Welt</i>. Waldsee-Württemberg, December 1944.</li> <li>Bachem-Werk. "Vorläufiger kurzer Erprobungsbericht über M23" (in German). <i>Waldsee-Württemberg,</i> March 1945(a).</li> <li>Bachem-Werk. "Wochenbericht Nr. 13 (abgeschlossen am 1-3-45)" (in German). Waldsee-Württemberg, March 1945(b).</li> <li>Bachem-Werk (April 1945c). Kurz-Erprobungsbericht. Waldsee-Württemberg.</li> <li>de Bok, René and Jules Huf. "Saboteur of collaborateur, Duitse getuigenissen lijnrecht tegenover Bethbeder", Gebhardt quotation (in German). <i>Elseviers Magazine,</i> Zorell, April 1978.</li> <li>Bratt, R.W. and J.R. Ewans. <i>Report on the BP-20 aircraft (Natter), Evaluation Report 83.</i>, June 1945.</li> <li>Christopher, John. <i>The Race for Hitler's X-Planes</i>. The Mill, Gloucestershire: History Press, 2013</li> <li>Dryden, Hugh L. <i>German Guided Missile Development. Memorandum for the Commanding General Army Air Forces,</i> October 1945.</li> <li>Felkin, S.D. <i>Natter – German rocket interceptor. ADI (K), Report No. 303/1945,</i> May 1945.</li> <li>Ford, Brian. <i>German Secret Weapons: Blueprint for Mars</i> (Ballantine's Illustrated History of World War II, Weapons Book No. 5). New York: Ballantine Books, 1969. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-89555-087-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-89555-087-6">3-89555-087-6</a>.</li> <li>Gooden, Brett. <i>Natter: Manned Missile of the Third Reich: Historic Step to Human Spaceflight</i>. Rundle Mall, Australia: Brett Gooden, 2019. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0646-81213-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0646-81213-7">978-0646-81213-7</a></li> <li>Gooden, Brett A. <i>Projekt Natter, Last of the Wonder Weapons: The Luftwaffe's Vertical Take-Off Rocket Interceptor.</i> Crowborough, UK: Classic Publications, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-903223-62-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-903223-62-8">1-903223-62-8</a>.</li> <li>Green, William. <i>Rocket Fighter</i> (Ballantine's Illustrated History of World War II, Weapons Book No. 20). New York: Ballantine Books, 1971. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-345-25893-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-345-25893-2">0-345-25893-2</a>.</li> <li>Green, William. <i>Warplanes of the Third Reich (4th (1979) ed.)</i>. London: Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Ltd., 1970. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-356-02382-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-356-02382-6">0-356-02382-6</a>.</li> <li>Grieger, M. "Fakten der NS-Illusion. Produkte und Projekte der deutschen Rüstungswirtschaft am Ende des zweiten Weltkrieges", quoting NS 33/36, Fol. 10RS(in German). <i>Informationsdienst Wissenschaft und Frieden 8, No. 1,</i> November 1990.</li> <li>Klöckner; Kreyser. "Flugprotokoll der Erprobung 'Natter' BM1" (in German). <i>Ainring,</i> November 1944</li> <li>Köster. "Projekt 'Natter'. Ballistisch-taktische Stellungnahme, insbesondere für Bewaffung MK 108 bezw, R4M oder Rohr-Batterie 108, TLR/Fl.6/III" (in German). <i>Berling</i>, November 1944.</li> <li>De Lattre de Tassigny, Jean. <i>The History of the French First Army</i>. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1952.</li> <li>Lommel, Horst. <i>Das bemannte Geschoß Ba 349 'Natter': Die Technikgeschichte</i> (in German). Zweibrücken: VDM Heinz Nickel, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-925480-39-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-925480-39-0">3-925480-39-0</a>.</li> <li>Lommel, Horst. "Der erste bemannte Raketenstart. Essener Allgemeinen Zeitung; Peter Berthold: 'Ich sah die letzte Wunderwaffen', April 1951.</li> <li>Lommel, Horst. <i>Der erste bemannte Raketenstart der Welt (2nd ed.)</i> (in German). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-613-01862-4" title="Special:BookSources/3-613-01862-4">3-613-01862-4</a>.</li> <li>Lommel, Horst. <i>Vom Höhenaufklärer bis zum Raumgleiter: Geheimprojekte der DFS, 1935–1945</i> (in German). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-613-02072-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-613-02072-6">3-613-02072-6</a>.</li> <li>Magerstädt, Albert. "Flugzeug-Fertigungskennblatt, Baumuster 8-349, Raketenjäger, Natter BP 20" (in German). <i>RLM</i>, October 1944.</li> <li>Maloney, Edward T. <i>Kamikaze: The Okha Suicide Flying Bomb, Bachem Ba 349A 'Natter' and Fzg 76 'Reichenberg' </i> (Aero Series 7). Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers Inc., 1966.</li> <li>Millikan, Clarke B. <i>Natter Interceptor Project. CIOS Report No. XXX-107.</i> London: HMSO, July 1945.</li> <li>Miranda, Justo and Paula Mercado. <i>Vertical Takeoff Fighter Aircraft of the Third Reich</i> (Luftwaffe Profile Series No. 17). Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7643-1435-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7643-1435-1">0-7643-1435-1</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMunson1978" class="citation book cs1">Munson, Kenneth (1978). <i>German Aircraft Of World War 2 in colour</i>. Poole, Dorsett, UK: Blandford Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7137-0860-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7137-0860-3"><bdi>0-7137-0860-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=German+Aircraft+Of+World+War+2+in+colour&rft.place=Poole%2C+Dorsett%2C+UK&rft.pub=Blandford+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-7137-0860-3&rft.aulast=Munson&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABachem+Ba+349+Natter" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Myhra, David. <i>Bachem Ba 349 Natter</i> (X-Planes of the Third Reich). Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7643-1032-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7643-1032-1">0-7643-1032-1</a>.</li> <li>Pabst, Otto E. <i>Kurzstarter und Senkrechtstarter Koblenz</i>. Bonn: Bernard & Graefe, 1984, p. 166. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7637-5277-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-7637-5277-3">3-7637-5277-3</a>.</li> <li>Pallud, Jean P. "First manned rocket launch." <i>After the Battle,</i> No. 151. Essex, UK: Battle of Britain International Ltd., February 2011.</li> <li>Proctor, G.E.F. <i>German Target-Defence Interceptors, A.I.2 (g), Report No.2347</i>, May 1945.</li> <li>Reyle (1998). Technischer Stand Projekt ‘Natter’ End February 1945. Transcript in Horst Lommel, Der erste Raketenstart der Welt. Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharp2019" class="citation book cs1">Sharp, Dan (2019). <i>Spitfires Over Berlin</i>. Mortons Media Group. pp. <span class="nowrap">40–</span>47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1911658047" title="Special:BookSources/978-1911658047"><bdi>978-1911658047</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spitfires+Over+Berlin&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E40-%3C%2Fspan%3E47&rft.pub=Mortons+Media+Group&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1911658047&rft.aulast=Sharp&rft.aufirst=Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABachem+Ba+349+Natter" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Speer, Albert and Ulrich Schlie, ed. <i>Alles, was ich weiß</i> (in German). Munich: F.A. Herbig Verlagsbuchhandlung, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7766-2092-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-7766-2092-7">3-7766-2092-7</a>.</li> <li>Wacke. <i>Zusammenstellung der 3- u. 6-Komponententenmessung am Gerät 'Natter' (Model BP 20-07)</i> (in German). DVL Berlin-Aldershof: Institute für Aerodynamik, January 1945.</li> <li>Wilde. "Besrechung am 20-2-45 in Stetten a. k. M. über Meßwertübertragung aus der Natter." <i>Hochfrequenzabteilung der Forschungsanstalt Graf Zeppelin,</i> February 1945.</li> <li>Zübert, Hans. <i>Freiflug M8 14-2-45, Flugbericht der Piloten Zübert</i> (in German). Neuburg: DVL, Berlin-Aldershof, February 1945.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bachem_Ba_349_Natter&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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349">Bachem Ba 349</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701032314/http://www.kheichhorn.de/html/body_natter.html">Abfangjagdflugzeug Bachem Ba 349 "Natter"</a> (in German)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonesentry.com/features/f36_natter-bachem-ba349.html">U.S. Intelligence Report Photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://falkeeins.blogspot.co.uk/2011/03/adder-affair-bachem-natter-feature-from.html">The Adder Affair – Bachem Natter feature from a 1950s issue of RAF Flying review</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9iTDssif7g">YouTube Video Overview of the Bachem Ba 349 Program</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:RLM_aircraft_designations" title="Template talk:RLM aircraft designations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:RLM_aircraft_designations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:RLM aircraft designations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reich_Air_Ministry_(RLM)_aircraft_designations_(list)601" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/RLM_aircraft_designation_system" title="RLM aircraft designation system">Reich Air Ministry (RLM) aircraft designations</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_RLM_aircraft_designations" title="List of RLM aircraft designations">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1 to 100</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-1</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_F2_Tiger" title="Fieseler F2 Tiger">Fi 2</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-3</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-4</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_5" title="Fieseler Fi 5">Fi 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_Model_6" title="DFS Model 6">DFS 6</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-7</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ppingen_G%C3%B6_8" title="Göppingen Gö 8">Gö 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ppingen_G%C3%B6_9" title="Göppingen Gö 9">Gö 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_10" title="Dornier Do 10">Do 10</a></li> <li>8-11<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_11" title="Dornier Do 11">Do 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopfner_HA-11/33" title="Hopfner HA-11/33">Wn 11</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-12<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zl%C3%ADn_Z-XII" title="Zlín Z-XII">8-12</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_12" title="Dornier Do 12">Do 12</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_13" title="Dornier Do 13">Do 13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_14" title="Dornier Do 14">Do 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_Y" title="Dornier Do Y">Do 15</a></li> <li>8-16<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_J_Wal" title="Dornier Do J Wal">Do 16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNF_Wn_16" title="WNF Wn 16">Wn 16</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_17" title="Dornier Do 17">Do 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_18" title="Dornier Do 18">Do 18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_19" title="Dornier Do 19">Do 19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_20" title="Dornier Do 20">Do 20</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-21</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_22" title="Dornier Do 22">Do 22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_23" title="Dornier Do 23">Do 23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_24" title="Dornier Do 24">Do 24</a></li> <li>8-25<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Do 25</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_25" title="Klemm Kl 25">Kl 25</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-26<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_26" title="Dornier Do 26">Do 26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_26" title="Klemm Kl 26">Kl 26</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-27<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BFW_M.27" title="BFW M.27">8-27</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Do 27</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_26" title="Klemm Kl 26">Kl 27</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-28</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li>8-29<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akaflieg_Darmstadt_D-29" title="Akaflieg Darmstadt D-29">8-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_29_(1934)" title="Dornier Do 29 (1934)">Do 29</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cierva_C.30" title="Cierva C.30">Fw 30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_31" title="Klemm Kl 31">Kl 31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_32" title="Klemm Kl 32">Kl 32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_W_33" title="Junkers W 33">Ju 33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_W_34" title="Junkers W 34">Ju 34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_35" title="Klemm Kl 35">Kl 35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_36" title="Klemm Kl 36">Kl 36</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 37</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li>8-38<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_HD_38" title="Heinkel HD 38">He 38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_G.38" title="Junkers G.38">Ju 38</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lippisch_Delta_IV" title="Lippisch Delta IV">DFS 39</a></li> <li>8-40<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_40" title="Blohm & Voss BV 40">BV 40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_40" title="DFS 40">DFS 40</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 41</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li>8-42<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_42" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 42">Fw 42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_42" title="Heinkel He 42">He 42</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_43_Falke" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 43 Falke">Fw 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_44_Stieglitz" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 44 Stieglitz">Fw 44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_45" title="Heinkel He 45">He 45</a></li> <li>8-46<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_46" title="Heinkel He 46">He 46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_46" title="Junkers Ju 46">Ju 46</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-47<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_47_H%C3%B6hengeier" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 47 Höhengeier">Fw 47</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinkel_He_47&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinkel He 47 (page does not exist)">He 47</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_K_47" title="Junkers K 47">Ju 48</a></li> <li>8-49<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_49" title="Heinkel He 49">He 49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_49" title="Junkers Ju 49">Ju 49</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-50<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_50" title="Heinkel He 50">He 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_A50" class="mw-redirect" title="Junkers A50">Ju 50</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_51" title="Heinkel He 51">He 51</a></li> <li>8-52<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_51" title="Heinkel He 51">He 52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_52" title="Junkers Ju 52">Ju 52</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_53" class="mw-redirect" title="Junkers Ju 53">Ju 53</a></li> <li>8-54<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DFS_228" title="DFS 228">DFS 54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagler-Rolz_NR_54" title="Nagler-Rolz NR 54">NR 54</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-55<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albatros_L102" title="Albatros L102">Fw 55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagler-Rolz_NR_54" title="Nagler-Rolz NR 54">NR 55</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_56_St%C3%B6sser" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 56 Stösser">Fw 56</a></li> <li>8-57<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_NA-16" title="North American NA-16">8-57</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_57" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 57">Fw 57</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-58<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_58_Weihe" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 58 Weihe">Fw 58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_HE_12" title="Heinkel HE 12">He 58</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_59" title="Heinkel He 59">He 59</a></li> <li>8-60<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_60" title="Heinkel He 60">He 60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_60" title="Junkers Ju 60">Ju 60</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-61<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_61" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 61">Fa 61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_61" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 61">Fw 61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_45" title="Heinkel He 45">He 61</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-62<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_62" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 62">Fw 62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_62" title="Heinkel He 62">He 62</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-63<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Potez_630" title="Potez 630">8-63</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_63" title="Heinkel He 63">He 63</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-64<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_64" title="Arado Ar 64">Ar 64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_64" title="Heinkel He 64">He 64</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-65<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_65" title="Arado Ar 65">Ar 65</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinkel_He_65&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinkel He 65 (page does not exist)">He 65</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-66<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_66" title="Arado Ar 66">Ar 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_50" title="Heinkel He 50">He 66</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_67" title="Arado Ar 67">Ar 67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_68" title="Arado Ar 68">Ar 68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_69" title="Arado Ar 69">Ar 69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_70_Blitz" title="Heinkel He 70 Blitz">He 70</a></li> <li>8-71<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_SB" title="Tupolev SB">8-71</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_71" title="Heinkel He 71">He 71</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_72_Kadett" title="Heinkel He 72 Kadett">He 72</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 73</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_74" title="Heinkel He 74">He 74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albatros_L_75" title="Albatros L 75">Al 75</a></li> <li>8-76<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_76" title="Arado Ar 76">Ar 76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-1_flying_bomb" title="V-1 flying bomb">FZG 76</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_77" title="Arado Ar 77">Ar 77</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ar 78</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_79" title="Arado Ar 79">Ar 79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_80" title="Arado Ar 80">Ar 80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_81" title="Arado Ar 81">Ar 81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoia-Marchetti_SM.82" title="Savoia-Marchetti SM.82">8-82</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-83</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albatros_L_84" title="Albatros L 84">Al 84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_88" title="Junkers Ju 88">Ju 85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_86" title="Junkers Ju 86">Ju 86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_87" title="Junkers Ju 87">Ju 87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_88" title="Junkers Ju 88">Ju 88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_89" title="Junkers Ju 89">Ju 89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_90" title="Junkers Ju 90">Ju 90</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ju 91</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junkers_Ju_92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Junkers Ju 92 (page does not exist)">Ju 92</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ju 93</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ju 94</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_95" title="Arado Ar 95">Ar 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_96" title="Arado Ar 96">Ar 96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_97" title="Fieseler Fi 97">Fi 97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_98" title="Fieseler Fi 98">Fi 98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_99" title="Fieseler Fi 99">Fi 99</a></li> <li>8-100<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Fi 100</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_100" title="Heinkel He 100">He 100</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">101 to 200</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albatros_Al_101" title="Albatros Al 101">Al 101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albatros_L102" title="Albatros L102">Al 102</a></li> <li>8-103<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albatros_L103" title="Albatros L103">Al 103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-1_flying_bomb" title="V-1 flying bomb">Fi 103</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_103R_Reichenberg" title="Fieseler Fi 103R Reichenberg">Fi 103R</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siebel_Fh_104_Hallore" title="Siebel Fh 104 Hallore">Fh 104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_105" title="Klemm Kl 105">Kl 105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_35" title="Klemm Kl 35">Kl 106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_107" title="Klemm Kl 107">Kl 107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_108_Taifun" title="Messerschmitt Bf 108 Taifun">Bf 108</a></li> <li>8-109<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109" title="Messerschmitt Bf 109">Bf 109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_209" title="Messerschmitt Me 209">Bf 109R</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_110" title="Messerschmitt Bf 110">Bf 110</a></li> <li>8-111<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_111" title="Heinkel He 111">He 111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_119" title="Heinkel He 119">He 111U</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_112" title="Heinkel He 112">He 112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_113" title="Heinkel He 113">He 113</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_114" title="Heinkel He 114">He 114</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_115" title="Heinkel He 115">He 115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_116" title="Heinkel He 116">He 116</a></li> <li>8-117<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 117</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_117" title="Henschel Hs 117">Hs 117</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_118" title="Heinkel He 118">He 118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_119" title="Heinkel He 119">He 119</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinkel_He_120&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinkel He 120 (page does not exist)">He 120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_121" title="Henschel Hs 121">Hs 121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_122" title="Henschel Hs 122">Hs 122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_123" title="Henschel Hs 123">Hs 123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_124" title="Henschel Hs 124">Hs 124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_125" title="Henschel Hs 125">Hs 125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_126" title="Henschel Hs 126">Hs 126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_127" title="Henschel Hs 127">Hs 127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_130" title="Henschel Hs 130">Hs 128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_129" title="Henschel Hs 129">Hs 129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_130" title="Henschel Hs 130">Hs 130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_131_Jungmann" title="Bücker Bü 131 Jungmann">Bü 131</a></li> <li>8-132<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Bü 132</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_132" title="Henschel Hs 132">Hs 132</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_133_Jungmeister" title="Bücker Bü 133 Jungmeister">Bü 133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_134" title="Bücker Bü 134">Bü 134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_Flugzeugbau_Ha_135" title="Hamburger Flugzeugbau Ha 135">Ha 135</a></li> <li>8-136<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_Flugzeugbau_Ha_136" title="Hamburger Flugzeugbau Ha 136">Ha 136</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCtter_H%C3%BC_136" title="Hütter Hü 136">Hü 136</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_Flugzeugbau_Ha_137" title="Hamburger Flugzeugbau Ha 137">Ha 137</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_138" class="mw-redirect" title="Blohm & Voss BV 138">BV 138</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_Ha_139" title="Blohm & Voss Ha 139">Ha 139</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_Ha_140" title="Blohm & Voss Ha 140">Ha 140</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_141" title="Blohm & Voss BV 141">BV 141</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_Ha_142" title="Blohm & Voss Ha 142">BV 142</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_143" title="Blohm & Voss BV 143">BV 143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_144" title="Blohm & Voss BV 144">BV 144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_145" title="Gotha Go 145">Go 145</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_146" title="Gotha Go 146">Go 146</a></li> <li>8-147<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_147" title="Gotha Go 147">Go 147</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junkers_Ju_147&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Junkers Ju 147 (page does not exist)">Ju 147</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Go 148</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_149" title="Gotha Go 149">Go 149</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_150" title="Gotha Go 150">Go 150</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_151" title="Klemm Kl 151">Kl 151</a></li> <li>8-152<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klemm_Kl_152&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klemm Kl 152 (page does not exist)">Kl 152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Ta_152" title="Focke-Wulf Ta 152">Ta 152</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-153<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Kl 153</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Ta_153" title="Focke-Wulf Ta 153">Ta 153</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-154<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Kl 154</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Ta_154_Moskito" title="Focke-Wulf Ta 154 Moskito">Ta 154</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-155<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_155" title="Blohm & Voss BV 155">BV 155</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Kl 155</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_155" title="Blohm & Voss BV 155">Me 155</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_156_Storch" title="Fieseler Fi 156 Storch">Fi 156</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_157" title="Fieseler Fi 157">Fi 157</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_158" title="Fieseler Fi 158">Fi 158</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_159" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 159">Fw 159</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_160" title="Junkers Ju 160">Ju 160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_161" title="Messerschmitt Bf 161">Bf 161</a></li> <li>8-162<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_162" title="Messerschmitt Bf 162">Bf 162</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_162_Volksj%C3%A4ger" title="Heinkel He 162 Volksjäger">He 162</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-163<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_163" title="Messerschmitt Bf 163">Bf 163</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_163_Komet" title="Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet">Li 163</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_163_Komet" title="Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet">Me 163</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt-Caudron_MeC_164" title="Messerschmitt-Caudron MeC 164">Me 164/MeC 164</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_165" title="Messerschmitt Bf 165">Bf 165</a></li> <li>8-166<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_166" title="Fieseler Fi 166">Fi 166</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiel_FK_166" title="Kiel FK 166">FK 166</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_167" title="Fieseler Fi 167">Fi 167</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_168" title="Fieseler Fi 168">Fi 168</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Fi 169</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_70_Blitz" title="Heinkel He 70 Blitz">He 170</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 171</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_72_Kadett" title="Heinkel He 72 Kadett">He 172</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 173</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 174</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloch_MB.170" title="Bloch MB.170">8-175</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_176" title="Heinkel He 176">He 176</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_177_Greif" title="Heinkel He 177 Greif">He 177</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_178" title="Heinkel He 178">He 178</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_177_Greif" title="Heinkel He 177 Greif">He 179</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li> <li>8-180<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_180_Student" title="Bücker Bü 180 Student">Bü 180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_280" title="Heinkel He 280">He 180</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_181_Bestmann" title="Bücker Bü 181 Bestmann">Bü 181</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_182_Kornett" title="Bücker Bü 182 Kornett">Bü 182</a></li> <li>8-183<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Bü 183</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Ta_183" title="Focke-Wulf Ta 183">Ta 183</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flettner_Fl_184" title="Flettner Fl 184">Fl 184</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flettner_Fl_185" title="Flettner Fl 185">Fl 185</a></li> <li>8-186<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_186" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 186">Fw 186</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_86" title="Junkers Ju 86">Ju 186</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-187<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_187_Falke" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 187 Falke">Fw 187</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_187" title="Junkers Ju 187">Ju 187</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li>8-188<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Fw 188</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_188" title="Junkers Ju 188">Ju 188</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_189_Uhu" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 189 Uhu">Fw 189</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_190" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 190">Fw 190</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_191" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 191">Fw 191</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGO_Ao_192" title="AGO Ao 192">Ao 192</a></li> <li>8-193<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ao 193</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_193" title="DFS 193">DFS 193</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-194<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DFS_194" title="DFS 194">DFS 194</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_163_Komet" title="Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet">Me 194</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_195" title="Arado Ar 195">Ar 195</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_196" title="Arado Ar 196">Ar 196</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_197" title="Arado Ar 197">Ar 197</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_198" title="Arado Ar 198">Ar 198</a></li> <li>8-199<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_199" title="Arado Ar 199">Ar 199</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants#Fieseler_and_Skoda_FiSk_199" title="Messerschmitt Bf 109 variants">FiSk 199</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-200<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress" title="Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress">Do 200</a><sup><small>4,6</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_200_Condor" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor">Fw 200</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">201 to 300</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siebel_Si_201" title="Siebel Si 201">Si 201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siebel_Si_202_Hummel" title="Siebel Si 202 Hummel">Si 202</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_230" title="DFS 230">DFS 203</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siebel_Si_204" title="Siebel Si 204">Si 204</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-205</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_206" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 206">Fw 206</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-207</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_108_Taifun" title="Messerschmitt Bf 108 Taifun">Me 208</a></li> <li>Me 209<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_209" title="Messerschmitt Me 209">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_209_(1943)" title="Messerschmitt Me 209 (1943)">1943</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_210" title="Messerschmitt Me 210">Me 210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCtter_H%C3%BC_211" title="Hütter Hü 211">Hü 211</a></li> <li>8-212<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zl%C3%ADn_Z-XII" title="Zlín Z-XII">8-212</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_212" title="Dornier Do 212">Do 212</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-213</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_214" title="Dornier Do 214">Do 214</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_215" title="Dornier Do 215">Do 215</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dornier_Do_216&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dornier Do 216 (page does not exist)">Do 216</a></li> <li>8-217<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_217" title="Dornier Do 217">Do 217</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henschel_Hs_217&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henschel Hs 217 (page does not exist)">Hs 217</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Do 218</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_219_Uhu" title="Heinkel He 219 Uhu">He 219</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinkel_He_220&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinkel He 220 (page does not exist)">He 220</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Do 221</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_222_Wiking" title="Blohm & Voss BV 222 Wiking">BV 222</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Achgelis_Fa_223_Drache" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 223 Drache">Fa 223</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_61" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 61">Fa 224</a></li> <li>8-225<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AGO_Ao_225&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AGO Ao 225 (page does not exist)">Ao 225</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Achgelis_Fa_225" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 225">Fa 225</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-226<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_246" title="Blohm & Voss BV 246">BV 226</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horten_H.VII" title="Horten H.VII">Ho 226</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FGP_227" title="FGP 227">FGP 227</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_228" title="DFS 228">DFS 228</a></li> <li>8-229<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horten_Ho_229" title="Horten Ho 229">Go 229</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horten_Ho_229" title="Horten Ho 229">Ho 229</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-230<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morane-Saulnier_MS.230" title="Morane-Saulnier MS.230">8-230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_230" title="DFS 230">DFS 230</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_231" title="Arado Ar 231">Ar 231</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_232" class="mw-redirect" title="Arado Ar 232">Ar 232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_233" title="Arado Ar 233">Ar 233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_234_Blitz" title="Arado Ar 234 Blitz">Ar 234</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Do 235</span><sup><small>5</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Fa 236</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_237" title="Blohm & Voss BV 237">BV 237</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_238" title="Blohm & Voss BV 238">BV 238</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-239</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_240" title="Arado Ar 240">Ar 240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_241" title="Gotha Go 241">Go 241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_242" title="Gotha Go 242">Go 242</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Me 243</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_244" title="Gotha Go 244">Go 244</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Go 245</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_246" title="Blohm & Voss BV 246">BV 246</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-247</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_263" title="Messerschmitt Me 263">Ju 248</a></li> <li>8-250<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_238#BV_250" title="Blohm & Voss BV 238">BV 250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horten_H.III" title="Horten H.III">Ho 250</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horten_H.IV" title="Horten H.IV">Ho 251</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horten_H.V" title="Horten H.V">Ho 252</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_252" title="Junkers Ju 252">Ju 252</a></li> <li>8-253<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_253" title="Fieseler Fi 253">Fi 253</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horten_H.VI" title="Horten H.VI">Ho 253</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-254<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horten_H.VII" title="Horten H.VII">Ho 254</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Ta_254" title="Focke-Wulf Ta 254">Ta 254</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-255</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_156_Storch" title="Fieseler Fi 156 Storch">Fi 256</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda-Kauba_SK_257" title="Škoda-Kauba SK 257">SK 257</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-258</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Focke-Wulf_Fw_259&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 259 (page does not exist)">Fw 259</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-260</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_261" title="Messerschmitt Me 261">Me 261</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_323_Gigant" title="Messerschmitt Me 323 Gigant">Me 261w</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_262" title="Messerschmitt Me 262">Me 262</a></li> <li>Me 263<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_321_Gigant" title="Messerschmitt Me 321 Gigant">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_323_Gigant" title="Messerschmitt Me 323 Gigant">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_263" title="Messerschmitt Me 263">1945</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_264" title="Messerschmitt Me 264">Me 264</a></li> <li>8-265<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flettner_Fl_265" title="Flettner Fl 265">Fl 265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_265" title="Messerschmitt Me 265">Me 265</a></li></ul></li> <li>8-266<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Focke-Achgelis_Fa_266&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 266 (page does not exist)">Fa 266</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Go 266</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horten_Ho_267&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horten Ho 267 (page does not exist)">Ho 267</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_268" title="Junkers Ju 268">Ju 268</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Achgelis_Fa_269" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 269">Fa 269</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_70_Blitz" title="Heinkel He 70 Blitz">He 270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weserflug_We_271" title="Weserflug We 271">We 271</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 272</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 273</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_274" title="Heinkel He 274">He 274</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinkel_He_275&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinkel He 275 (page does not exist)">He 275</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 276</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_277" title="Heinkel He 277">He 277</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinkel_He_278&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinkel He 278 (page does not exist)">He 278</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 279</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_280" title="Heinkel He 280">He 280</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">He 281</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flettner_Fl_282" title="Flettner Fl 282">Fl 282</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Focke-Achgelis_Fa_283&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 283 (page does not exist)">Fa 283</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Achgelis_Fa_284" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 284">Fa 284</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flettner_Fl_285&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flettner Fl 285 (page does not exist)">Fl 285</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_86" title="Junkers Ju 86">Ju 286</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_287" title="Junkers Ju 287">Ju 287</a></li> <li>8-288<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress" title="Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress">Do 288</a><sup><small>4,6</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_288" title="Junkers Ju 288">Ju 288</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ju 289</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_290" title="Junkers Ju 290">Ju 290</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henschel_Hs_291&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henschel Hs 291 (page does not exist)">Hs 291</a></li> <li>8-292<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argus_As_292" title="Argus As 292">As 292</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Hs 292</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_293" title="Henschel Hs 293">Hs 293</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_294" title="Henschel Hs 294">Hs 294</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henschel_Hs_295&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henschel Hs 295 (page does not exist)">Hs 295</a></li> <li>8-296<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_96" title="Arado Ar 96">Ar 296</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_293" title="Henschel Hs 293">Hs 296</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_297" title="Henschel Hs 297">Hs 297</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_298" title="Henschel Hs 298">Hs 298</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ju 299</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_300" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 300">Fw 300</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">301 to 349</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DFS_301&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DFS 301 (page does not exist)">DFS 301</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-302</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-303</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-304</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-305</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-306</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-307</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-308</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_309" title="Messerschmitt Me 309">Me 309</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_609" title="Messerschmitt Me 609">Zwilling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_310" title="Messerschmitt Me 310">Me 310</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-311</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-312</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caproni_Ca.313" title="Caproni Ca.313">8-313</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-314</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henschel_Hs_315&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henschel Hs 315 (page does not exist)">Hs 315</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-316</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_317" title="Dornier Do 317">Do 317</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_24" title="Dornier Do 24">Do 318</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_219_Uhu" title="Heinkel He 219 Uhu">He 319</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Me 320</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_321_Gigant" title="Messerschmitt Me 321 Gigant">Me 321</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_322" title="Junkers Ju 322">Ju 322</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_323_Gigant" title="Messerschmitt Me 323 Gigant">Me 323/ZMe 323</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-324</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li>8-325<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Achgelis_Fa_325" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 325">Fa 325</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Fw 325</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-326</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_163_Komet" title="Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet">Me 327</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_328" title="Messerschmitt Me 328">Me 328</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_329" title="Messerschmitt Me 329">Me 329</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Achgelis_Fa_330" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 330">Fa 330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_331" title="DFS 331">DFS 331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_332" title="DFS 332">DFS 332</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_333" title="Fieseler Fi 333">Fi 333</a></li> <li>8-334<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ar 334</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_334" title="Messerschmitt Me 334">Me 334</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_335" title="Dornier Do 335">Do 335</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Achgelis_Fa_330" title="Focke-Achgelis Fa 330">Fa 336</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ju 337</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-338</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flettner_Fl_339&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flettner Fl 339 (page does not exist)">Fl 339</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_E.340" title="Arado E.340">Ar 340</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T.H._Berlin-Charlottenburg_Model_B_9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T.H. Berlin-Charlottenburg Model B 9 (page does not exist)">8-341</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doblhoff_WNF_342" title="Doblhoff WNF 342">WNF 342</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_343" title="Heinkel He 343">He 343</a></li> <li>8-344<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruhrstahl_X-4" title="Ruhrstahl X-4">Rk 344</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sombold_So_344" title="Sombold So 344">So 344</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_345" title="Gotha Go 345">Go 345</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DFS_346" title="DFS 346">DFS 346</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kramer_Rk_347&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kramer Rk 347 (page does not exist)">Rk 347</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">8-348</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ba 349</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-349 (non-sequential)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_352" title="Junkers Ju 352">Ju 352</a></li> <li>8-356<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_156_Storch" title="Fieseler Fi 156 Storch">Fi 356</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junkers_Ju_356&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Junkers Ju 356 (page does not exist)">Ju 356</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messerschmitt_Me_362&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Messerschmitt Me 362 (page does not exist)">Me 362</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_264" title="Messerschmitt Me 264">Me 364</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Me 368</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_388" title="Junkers Ju 388">Ju 388</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_390" title="Junkers Ju 390">Ju 390</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_191" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 191">Fw 391</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Ar 393</span><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_96" title="Arado Ar 96">Ar 396</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Ta_400" title="Focke-Wulf Ta 400">Ta 400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_155" title="Blohm & Voss BV 155">Me 409</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_410_Hornisse" title="Messerschmitt Me 410 Hornisse">Me 410</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_417" title="Dornier Do 417">Do 417</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_219_Uhu" title="Heinkel He 219 Uhu">He 419</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_323_Gigant" title="Messerschmitt Me 323 Gigant">ZMe 423</a></li> <li>8-430<sup><small>7</small></sup> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arado_Ar_430&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arado Ar 430 (page does not exist)">Ar 430</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Ka_430" title="Gotha Ka 430">Ka 430</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_232" class="mw-redirect" title="Arado Ar 232">Ar 432</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_335" title="Dornier Do 335">Do 435</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_240" title="Arado Ar 240">Ar 440</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caudron_C.440_Go%C3%A9land" title="Caudron C.440 Goéland">8-445</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DFS_446&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DFS 446 (page does not exist)">DFS 446</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_252" title="Junkers Ju 252">Ju 452</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_P.1107" title="Messerschmitt P.1107">Me 462</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DFS_468&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DFS 468 (page does not exist)">DFS 468</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_488" title="Junkers Ju 488">Ju 488</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_191" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 191">Fw 491</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_162_Volksj%C3%A4ger" title="Heinkel He 162 Volksjäger">He 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_509" title="Messerschmitt Me 509">Me 509</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messerschmitt_Me_510&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Messerschmitt Me 510 (page does not exist)">Me 510</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_119" title="Heinkel He 119">He 519</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewoitine_D.520" title="Dewoitine D.520">8-520</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeppelin-SNCASO_ZSO_523" title="Zeppelin-SNCASO ZSO 523">ZSO 523</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_232" class="mw-redirect" title="Arado Ar 232">Ar 532</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avia_B-534" title="Avia B-534">8-534</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_335" title="Dornier Do 335">Do 535/He 535</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_AS-6" title="Sack AS-6">Me 600</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_609" title="Messerschmitt Me 609">Me 609</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_232" class="mw-redirect" title="Arado Ar 232">Ar 632</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_335" title="Dornier Do 335">Do 635/He 635/Ju 635</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Not assigned</li> <li><sup>2</sup> Unofficial/proposed</li> <li><sup>3</sup> Assigned, but not used before RLM was dissolved</li> <li><sup>4</sup> Assigned to captured aircraft</li> <li><sup>5</sup> Unconfirmed</li> <li><sup>6</sup> Propaganda/cover designation</li> <li><sup>7</sup> Assigned to multiple types</li></ul> <p>Note: Official RLM designations had the prefix "8-", but this was usually dropped and replaced with the manufacturer's prefix. </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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