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Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. 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There are four municipalities in China: [[Beijing]], [[Chongqing]], [[Shanghai]], and [[Tianjin]]. Although being as a [[city]] by name, a Chinese municipality is more than a city in a traditional sense. It is equivalent to a [[province]] as it usually composed of a central urban area and a number of much larger surrounding suburban and rural areas. == History == During the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]], the first municipalities were the 11 cities of [[Nanjing]], [[Shanghai]], [[Beijing]], [[Tianjin]], [[Qingdao]], [[Chongqing]], [[Xi'an]], [[Guangzhou]], [[Hankou]] (now part of [[Wuhan]]), [[Shenyang]], and [[Harbin]]. They were established in 1927 soon after they were designated as "cities" during the 1920s. Nominally, [[Dalian]] was a municipality as well, although it was [[Kwantung Leased Territory|under Japanese control]]. These cities were first called ''special municipalities/cities'' ({{zh|s=特别市|p=tèbiéshì|labels=no}}), but were later renamed ''[[Executive Yuan|Yuan]]-controlled municipalities'' ({{zh|s=院辖市|p=yuànxiáshì|labels=no}}), then ''direct-controlled municipalities'' ({{zh|s=直辖市|p=zhíxiáshì|labels=no}}) by the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China|Central Government of the People's Republic of China]]. After the establishment of the [[China|People's Republic of China]] in 1949, [[Anshan]], [[Benxi]], and [[Fushun]] were also made municipalities, while Qingdao, Dalian, and Harbin were reduced to [[Prefecture-level city|provincial municipalities]].<ref>{{cite web |url-status=dead |url=http://www.xzqh.org.cn/ONEWS_zq.asp?id=1071 |title=中华人民共和国行政区划（1949年）|date=2006-06-27 |website=xzqh.org.cn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318203829/http://www.xzqh.org.cn/ONEWS_zq.asp?id=1071|archive-date=March 18, 2009}}</ref> Hankou was merged into [[Wuhan]], which became a municipality of its own. Hence, there remained 12 municipalities. In November 1952, Nanjing was reduced to a provincial municipality in [[Jiangsu]].<ref>{{cite web |url-status=dead |url=http://www.xzqh.org.cn/ONEWS_zq.asp?id=1076 |title=中华人民共和国行政区划（1952年） |date=2006-06-27 |website=xzqh.org.cn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318203843/http://www.xzqh.org.cn/ONEWS_zq.asp?id=1076|archive-date=March 18, 2009}}</ref> In March 1953, Lüda, which had resulted from the merger of Dalian and [[Lüshunkou, Dalian|Lüshun]] in December 1950, was made a municipality. In July 1953, Harbin was restored to municipality status, whereas [[Changchun]] acquired that status for the first time.<ref>{{cite web |url-status=dead |url=http://www.xzqh.org.cn/ONEWS_zq.asp?id=1077 |date=2006-06-27 |website=xzqh.org.cn |title=中华人民共和国行政区划（1953年） |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319162836/http://www.xzqh.org.cn/ONEWS_zq.asp?id=1077|archive-date=March 19, 2009}}</ref> Except Beijing and Tianjin, which were under central control, all other municipalities were governed by the [[Greater administrative region|greater administrative areas]]. In June 1954, 11 of the 14 municipalities were reduced to sub-provincial cities; many of them became capitals of the provinces they were in. Only Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin remained municipalities, until Chongqing was restored as a municipality in 1997 with a much enlarged area. Tianjin was also temporarily reverted to sub-provincial city status between 1958 and 1967.{{cn|date=November 2023}} == Position in hierarchy == Municipalities are the highest-ranked cities in the PRC. Some cities of lower levels may also refer to themselves as municipalities in the [[English language]]. Three [[Administrative divisions of China|levels of cities]] in the [[China|People's Republic of China]]: # Municipalities ({{zh|s=直辖市|t=直轄市|p=zhíxiáshì|labels=no}}); # [[Prefecture-level city|Prefecture-level cities]] ({{zh|s=地级市|t=地級市|p=dìjíshì|labels=no}}), ''including [[Sub-provincial division|sub-provincial cities]]''; and, # [[County-level city|County-level cities]] ({{zh|s=县级市|t=縣級市|p=xiànjíshì|labels=no}}), ''including [[Sub-prefectural city|sub-prefectural cities]]''. == Administration == In municipalities, the highest ranking government official is the [[mayor]]. The mayor is also a delegate in the [[National People's Congress]] (the legislature)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.10thnpc.org.cn/english/government/57198.htm |access-date=February 21, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121052606/http://www.10thnpc.org.cn/english/government/57198.htm |archive-date=November 21, 2008 |title=Chongqing Mayor: Government Must Place Service Above Anything Else |date= March 3, 2003|publisher= Xinhua News Agency }}{{dead link|date=December 2023}}</ref> and [[Chinese Communist Party Deputy Committee Secretary|deputy secretary]] of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP) Municipal Committee. However, the highest administrative authority in the municipality belongs to the [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary]]. == Current municipalities == {| class="wikitable sortable" width=100% style="font-size:100%;" align=center |- !align="right"|{{small|[[ISO 3166-2:CN|ISO]]}}<ref>[[ISO 3166-2:CN]] ([[ISO 3166-2]] codes for the provinces of China)</ref> !align="left"|{{small|Division name}} !align="left"|{{small|Simplified Chinese}} !align="left"|{{small|Hanyu Pinyin}} !align="left"|{{small|Abbr.}} !align="right"|{{small|Population}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110428_402722244.htm |title=Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census (No. 1) |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |date=April 28, 2011 |access-date=July 19, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115173048/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110428_402722244.htm |archive-date=January 15, 2013 }}</ref> !align="right"|{{small|Area (km<sup>2</sup>)}} !align="left"|{{small|Divisions}} !align="left"|{{small|City seat}} !align="left"|{{small|Origin Province<br>(split date)}} !align="left"|{{small|Origin Prefecture}} !align="left"|{{small|Origin County}} |- | CN-11 | [[Beijing]] | {{lang|zh|北京市}} | {{transl|zh|Běijīng Shì}} | {{lang|zh|京}} {{transl|zh|jīng}} | 19,612,368 | 16,801 | [[List of administrative divisions of Beijing|List]] {{small|(16 districts)}} | [[Tongzhou District, Beijing|Tongzhou]] | [[Hebei]]<br>{{small|(Oct. 1949)}} | [[Shuntian Prefecture|Shuntian]] | [[Daxing County|Daxing]] |- | CN-12 | [[Tianjin]] | {{lang|zh|天津市}} | {{transl|zh|Tiānjīn Shì}} | {{lang|zh|津}} {{transl|zh|jīn}} | 12,938,224 | 11,760 | [[List of administrative divisions of Tianjin|List]] {{small|(16 districts)}} | [[Hexi District, Tianjin|Hexi]] | [[Hebei]]<br>{{small|(Jan. 1967)}} | [[Tianjin Prefecture|Tianjin]] | [[Tianjin County|Tianjin]] |- | CN-31 | [[Shanghai]] | {{lang|zh|上海市}} | {{transl|zh|Shànghǎi Shì}} | {{lang|zh|沪}} {{transl|zh|hù}} | 23,019,148 | 6,340 | [[List of administrative divisions of Shanghai|List]] {{small|(16 districts)}} | [[Huangpu District, Shanghai|Huangpu]] | [[Jiangsu]]<br>{{small|(Mar. 1927)}} | [[Songjiang Prefecture|Songjiang]] | [[Shanghai County|Shanghai]] |- | CN-50 | [[Chongqing]] | {{lang|zh|重庆市}} | {{transl|zh|Chóngqìng Shì}} | {{lang|zh|渝}} {{transl|zh|yú}} | 28,846,170<br>{{small|(City Core 16,240,026)}} | 82,300<br>{{small|(City Core 6,268)}} | [[List of administrative divisions of Chongqing|List]] {{small|(26 districts, 8 counties, & 4 autonomous counties)<br>(City Core: 19 districts)}} | [[Yuzhong District|Yuzhong]] | [[Sichuan]]<br>{{small|(May 1997)}} | [[Chongqing Prefecture|Chongqing]] | [[Ba County, Chongqing|Ba]] |} ===Government=== {|class=wikitable !rowspan=2|Name ! colspan="2" |Communist Party!! colspan="2" |Executive!! colspan="2" |Legislature |- !Party Committee !Party Secretary !Government!!Mayor!!City Council!!No. of seats |- |[[Beijing]] |[[Beijing Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|Beijing Municipal Party Committee]] |[[Yin Li (politician)|Yin Li]]||[[Beijing Municipal People's Government]]||[[Yin Yong (politician)|Yin Yong]]||[[Beijing Municipal People's Congress]]||755 |- |[[Tianjin]] |[[Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|Tianjin Municipal Party Committee]] |[[Chen Min'er]]||[[Tianjin Municipal People's Government]]||[[Zhang Gong (politician)|Zhang Gong]]||[[Tianjin Municipal People's Congress]]||706 |- |[[Shanghai]] |[[Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|Shanghai Municipal Party Committee]] |[[Chen Jining]]||[[Shanghai Municipal People's Government]]||[[Gong Zheng]]||[[Shanghai Municipal People's Congress]]||855 |- |[[Chongqing]] |[[Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|Chongqing Municipal Party Committee]] |[[Yuan Jiajun]]||[[Chongqing Municipal People's Government]]||[[Hu Henghua]]||[[Chongqing Municipal People's Congress]]||860 |} == Former ROC and PRC municipalities == {| class="wikitable sortable" width=100% style="font-size: 100%;" align="center" |- ! {{small|Name}} ! {{small|Simplified Chinese}} ! {{small|Pinyin}} ! {{small|Abbr.}} ! {{small|City seat}} ! {{small|Administration period}} ! {{small|Original province}} ! {{small|Original prefecture}} ! {{small|Original county}} |- | [[Beijing|Jingdu]] | {{lang|zh|京都市}} | {{transl|zh|Jīngdū Shì}} | {{lang|zh|京}} {{transl|zh|jīng}} | [[Dongcheng District, Beijing|Dongcheng]] | 1921–1927 | [[Zhili Province|Zhili]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Hebei]])}} | [[Shuntian Prefecture|Shuntian]] | [[Daxing County|Daxing]] |- | [[Tianjin|Jingu]] | {{lang|zh|津沽市}} | {{transl|zh|Jīngū Shì}} | {{lang|zh|津}} {{transl|zh|jīn}} | [[Heping District, Tianjin|Heping]] | 1921–1927 | [[Zhili Province|Zhili]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Hebei]])}} | [[Tianjin Prefecture|Tianjin]] | [[Tianjin County|Tianjin]] |- | [[Shanghai|Songhu]] | {{lang|zh|淞沪市}} | {{transl|zh|Sōnghù Shì}} | {{lang|zh|沪}} {{transl|zh|hù}} | [[Huangpu District, Shanghai|Huangpu]] | 1921–1927 | [[Jiangsu]] | [[Songjiang Prefecture|Songjiang]] | [[Shanghai County|Shanghai]] |- | [[Qingdao]] | {{lang|zh|青岛市}} | {{transl|zh|Qīngdǎo Shì}} | {{lang|zh|青}} {{transl|zh|qīng}} | [[Shinan]] | 1921–1927, 1929–1949 | [[Shandong]] | [[Jiaozhou Prefecture|Jiaozhou]] | [[Jiao County|Jiao]] |- | [[Harbin]] | {{lang|zh|哈尔滨市}} | {{transl|zh|Hārbīn Shì}} | {{lang|zh|哈}} {{transl|zh|hā}} | [[Nangang District, Harbin|Nangang]] | 1921–1927, 1947–1949, 1953–1954 | [[Songjiang Province|Songjiang]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Heilongjiang]])}} | [[Binzhou Prefecture|Binzhou]] | [[Bin County, Heilongjiang|Bin]] |- | [[Wuhan|Hankou]] | {{lang|zh|汉口市}} | Hànkǒu Shì | {{lang|zh|汉}} {{transl|zh|hàn}} | [[Jiang'an District|Jiang'an]] | 1921–1927, 1929–1931, 1947–1949 | [[Hubei]] | [[Hanyang Prefecture|Hanyang]] | [[Hanyang County, Hubei|Hanyang]] |- | [[Wuxi]] | {{lang|zh|无锡市}} | {{transl|zh|Wúxī Shì}} | {{lang|zh|锡}} {{transl|zh|xī}} | [[Binhu]] | 1921–1927 | [[Jiangsu]] | [[Changzhou Prefecture|Changzhou]] | [[Wuxi County, Jiangsu|Wuxi]] |- | [[Hangzhou]] | {{lang|zh|杭州市}} | {{transl|zh|Hángzhōu Shì}} | {{lang|zh|杭}} {{transl|zh|háng}} | [[Gongshu]] | 1921–1927 | [[Zhejiang]] | [[Hangzhou Prefecture|Hangzhou]] | [[Yuhang County|Yuhang]] |- | [[Ningbo]] | {{lang|zh|宁波市}} | {{transl|zh|Níngbō Shì}} | {{lang|zh|甬}} {{transl|zh|yǒng}} | [[Yinzhou District, Ningbo|Yinzhou]] | 1921–1927 | [[Zhejiang]] | [[Ningbo Prefecture|Ningbo]] | [[Yin County|Yin]] |- | [[Anqing]] | {{lang|zh|安庆市}} | {{transl|zh|Ānqìng Shì}} | {{lang|zh|安}} {{transl|zh|ān}} | [[Daguan District|Daguan]] | 1921–1927 | [[Anhui]] | [[Anqing Prefecture|Anqing]] | [[Huaining County|Huaining]] |- | [[Nanchang]] | {{lang|zh|南昌市}} | {{transl|zh|Nánchāng Shì}} | {{lang|zh|洪}} {{transl|zh|hóng}} | [[Donghu District|Donghu]] | 1921–1927 | [[Jiangxi]] | [[Nanchang Prefecture|Nanchang]] | [[Nanchang County|Nanchang]] |- | [[Wuhan|Wuchang]] | {{lang|zh|武昌市}} | {{transl|zh|Wǔchāng Shì}} | {{lang|zh|武}} {{transl|zh|wǔ}} | [[Wuchang District|Wuchang]] | 1921–1927 | [[Hubei]] | [[Wuchang Prefecture|Wuchang]] | [[Jiangxia County|Jiangxia]] |- | [[Guangzhou]] | {{lang|zh|广州市}} | {{transl|zh|Guǎngzhōu Shì}} | {{lang|zh|穗}} {{transl|zh|suì}} | [[Yuexiu]] | 1921–1927, 1930, 1947–1954 | [[Guangdong]] | [[Guangzhou Prefecture|Guangzhou]] | [[Panyu County|Panyu]]<br>[[Nanhai County|Nanhai]] |- | [[Wuzhou]] | {{lang|zh|梧州市}} | {{transl|zh|Wúzhōu Shì}} | {{lang|zh|梧}} {{transl|zh|wú}} | [[Changzhou]] | 1921–1927 | [[Guangxi]] | [[Wuzhou Prefecture|Wuzhou]] | [[Cangwu County|Cangwu]] |- | [[Nanjing]] | {{lang|zh|南京市}} | {{transl|zh|Nánjīng Shì}} | {{lang|zh|宁}} {{transl|zh|níng}} | [[Xuanwu District, Nanjing|Xuanwu]] | 1927–1952 | [[Jiangsu]] | [[Jiangning Prefecture|Jiangning]] | [[Jiangning County|Jiangning]] |- | [[Xi'an]] | {{lang|zh|西安市}} | {{transl|zh|Xī'ān Shì}} | {{lang|zh|鎬}} {{transl|zh|hào}} | [[Weiyang District, Xi'an|Weiyang]] | 1927–1954 | [[Shaanxi]] | [[Xi'an Prefecture|Xi'an]] | [[Chang'an County|Chang'an]] |- | [[Wuhan]] | {{lang|zh|武汉市}} | {{transl|zh|Wǔhàn Shì}} | {{lang|zh|汉}} {{transl|zh|hàn}} | [[Jiang'an District|Jiang'an]] | 1927–1929, 1949 | [[Hubei]] | [[Hanyang Prefecture|Hanyang]]<br>[[Wuchang Prefecture|Wuchang]] | [[Hanyang County, Hubei|Hanyang]]<br>[[Jiangxia County|Jiangxia]] |- | [[Beijing|Beiping]] | {{lang|zh|北平市}} | {{transl|zh|Jīngdū Shì}} | {{lang|zh|平}} {{transl|zh|píng}} | [[Dongcheng District, Beijing|Dongcheng]] | 1928–1949 | [[Zhili Province|Zhili]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Hebei]])}} | [[Shuntian Prefecture|Shuntian]] | [[Daxing County|Daxing]] |- | [[Dalian]] | {{lang|zh|大连市}} | {{transl|zh|Dàlián Shì}} | {{lang|zh|连}} {{transl|zh|lián}} | [[Xigang District, Dalian|Xigang]] | 1947–1949 | [[Andong Province|Andong/Liaodong]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Liaoning]])}} | [[Jinzhou Prefecture|Jinzhou]] | [[Ninghai County, Liaoning|Ninghai]] |- | [[Shenyang]] | {{lang|zh|沈阳市}} | {{transl|zh|Shěnyáng Shì}} | {{lang|zh|沈}} {{transl|zh|shěn}} | [[Shenhe]] | 1947–1954 | [[Liaoxi Province|Liaoxi]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Liaoning]])}} | [[Fengtian Prefecture|Fengtian]] | [[Fengtian County|Fengtian]] |- | [[Anshan]] | {{lang|zh|鞍山市}} | {{transl|zh|Ānshān Shì}} | {{lang|zh|鞍}} {{transl|zh|ān}} | [[Tiedong District, Anshan|Tiedong]] | 1949–1954 | [[Andong Province|Andong/Liaodong]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Liaoning]])}} | [[Liaoyang Prefecture|Liaoyang]] | [[Haicheng County|Haicheng]]<br>[[Liaoyang County|Liaoyang]] |- | [[Benxi]] | {{lang|zh|本溪市}} | {{transl|zh|Běnxī Shì}} | {{lang|zh|本}} {{transl|zh|běn}} | [[Pingshan District, Benxi|Pingshan]] | 1949–1954 | [[Andong Province|Andong/Liaodong]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Liaoning]])}} | [[Fengtian Prefecture|Fengtian]] | [[Benxi County|Benxi]] |- | [[Fushun]] | {{lang|zh|抚顺市}} | {{transl|zh|Fǔshùn Shì}} | {{lang|zh|抚}} {{transl|zh|fǔ}} | [[Xinfu District, Fushun|Xinfu]] | 1949–1954 | [[Andong Province|Andong/Liaodong]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Liaoning]])}} | [[Fengtian Prefecture|Fengtian]] | [[Fushun County, Liaoning|Fushun]] |- | [[Dalian|Lüda]] | {{lang|zh|旅大市}} | {{transl|zh|Lǚdà Shì}} | {{lang|zh|旅}} {{transl|zh|lǚ}} | [[Xigang District, Dalian|Xigang]] | 1950–1954 | [[Lüda Administrative Territory|Lüda]]<br>{{small|(present province: [[Liaoning]])}} | [[Jinzhou Prefecture|Jinzhou]] | [[Ninghai County, Liaoning|Ninghai]] |- | [[Changchun]] | {{lang|zh|长春市}} | {{transl|zh|Chángchūn Shì}} | {{lang|zh|春}} {{transl|zh|chūn}} | [[Nanguan District|Nanguan]] | 1953–1954 | [[Jilin]] | [[Changchun Prefecture|Changchun]] | [[Changchun County|Changchun]] |} == See also == * [[Independent city]] * [[Federal city]] ** [[Federal cities of Russia]] — similar systems * [[Imperial immediacy]] == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * {{Commons category-inline|Municipalities in China}} {{-}} {{Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}} {{Administrative divisions of Taiwan navbar}} {{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries}} [[Category:Municipalities of China| ]] [[Category:Lists of administrative divisions of China|*Direct-controlled municipalities]] [[Category:Territorial disputes of the Republic of China]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:-" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:-">Template:-</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:-&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" 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