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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_(Mythologie)" title="Coel (Mythologie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Coel (Mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%86" title="کوئل هن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوئل هن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Coel Hen" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koning_Coel" title="Koning Coel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koning Coel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sub-Roman king in Northern Britain</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"King Cole" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/King_Cole_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="King Cole (disambiguation)">King Cole (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Coel" redirects here. For the prefix "coel-", see <a href="/wiki/List_of_commonly_used_taxonomic_affixes" title="List of commonly used taxonomic affixes">List of commonly used taxonomic affixes</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:History_of_the_Kings_(f.39.v)_Coel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/History_of_the_Kings_%28f.39.v%29_Coel.jpg/220px-History_of_the_Kings_%28f.39.v%29_Coel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/History_of_the_Kings_%28f.39.v%29_Coel.jpg/330px-History_of_the_Kings_%28f.39.v%29_Coel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/History_of_the_Kings_%28f.39.v%29_Coel.jpg/440px-History_of_the_Kings_%28f.39.v%29_Coel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="765" /></a><figcaption>An illustration depicting Coel from a 15th-century <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh-language</a> version of <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Coel</b> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Welsh" title="Old Welsh">Old Welsh</a>: <i>Coil</i>), also called <i><b>Coel Hen</b></i> (<b>Coel the Old</b>) and <b>King Cole</b>, is a figure prominent in Welsh literature and legend since the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. Early Welsh tradition knew of a Coel Hen, a <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 4th-century leader in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sub-Roman_Britain" title="Sub-Roman Britain">Sub-Roman Britain</a> and the progenitor of several kingly lines in <a href="/wiki/Hen_Ogledd" title="Hen Ogledd">Yr Hen Ogledd</a> (the Old North), a region of the <a href="/wiki/Brittonic_languages" title="Brittonic languages">Brittonic</a>-speaking area of what is now <a href="/wiki/Northern_England" title="Northern England">northern England</a> and southern <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. </p><p>Later medieval legend told of a Coel, apparently derived from Coel Hen. He was said to be the father of <a href="/wiki/Helena_(empress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena (empress)">Saint Helena</a> and through her the grandfather of Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a>. </p><p>Other similarly named characters may be confused or conflated with the Welsh Coel. The legendary "King Coel" is sometimes supposed to be the historical basis for the popular nursery rhyme "<a href="/wiki/Old_King_Cole" title="Old King Cole">Old King Cole</a>", but this has been said to be unlikely.<sup id="cite_ref-Opie_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Opie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coel_Hen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coel's name was rendered "Coil" in <a href="/wiki/Old_Welsh" title="Old Welsh">Old Welsh</a>. Rare or unique as a Welsh name, its origin has long been seen as uncertain.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John T. Koch has argued that it is simply the common noun which in Modern Welsh has the form <i>coel</i>, meaning "belief, credence; confidence, reliance, trust, faith" (and the secondary meaning "omen"), derived from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Celtic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Celtic">Proto-Celtic</a> <span title="Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text">*<i lang="ang">kaylo-</i></span> "omen" and ultimately from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European">Proto-Indo-European</a> <i>*keh<sub>2</sub>ilo-</i> "whole, healthy; blessed with good omen".<sup id="cite_ref-Koch458_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koch458-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Koch's view, "these semantic and etymological aspects allow that Coil could be a legendary, or even a mythological, founder" of the dynasties that bear his name rather than a historical figure.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 77">: 77 </span></sup> </p><p>It may be the same as the Coel is often named as "Coel Hen", <i>Hen</i> being an <a href="/wiki/Epithet" title="Epithet">epithet</a> meaning "old" (i.e., "Coel the Old"). The genealogies give him an additional epithet or patronym, <i>Godebog</i> (Old Welsh: <i>Guotepauc</i>), meaning "Protector" or "Shelterer".<sup id="cite_ref-Bromwich256_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromwich256-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 77">: 77 </span></sup> His name is thus sometimes given as "Coel Godebog" or "Coel Hen Godebog".<sup id="cite_ref-Koch458_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koch458-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, some of the <a href="/wiki/Harleian_genealogies" title="Harleian genealogies">Harleian genealogies</a> list Godebog as Coel's father's name.<sup id="cite_ref-CharlesEdwards386_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CharlesEdwards386-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a> rendered the name as both <i>Coel</i> and <i>Coillus</i> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i>. Some modern authors render it as "Cole".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Context_and_evidence">Context and evidence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coel_Hen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Context and evidence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The historian Ben Guy has commented that "Coel Hen's role in medieval texts is solely legendary; there is no merit whatsoever in any attempt to assign him some historically significant role in late Roman Britain, as many over the years [...] have fruitlessly attempted to do".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coel Hen appears in the <a href="/wiki/Harleian_genealogies" title="Harleian genealogies">Harleian genealogies</a> and the later pedigrees known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Bonedd_Gw%C5%B7r_y_Gogledd" title="Bonedd Gwŷr y Gogledd">Bonedd Gwŷr y Gogledd</a></i> (<i>The Descent of the Men of the North</i>) at the progenitor of several post-Roman royal families of the <a href="/wiki/Hen_Ogledd" title="Hen Ogledd">Hen Ogledd</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bromwich256_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromwich256-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His line, collectively called the <i><b>Coeling</b></i>, included such noted figures as <a href="/wiki/Urien_Rheged" class="mw-redirect" title="Urien Rheged">Urien</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Rheged" title="Rheged">Rheged</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gwallog" class="mw-redirect" title="Gwallog">Gwallog</a>, perhaps king of <a href="/wiki/Elmet" title="Elmet">Elmet</a>; the brothers <a href="/wiki/Gwrgi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gwrgi">Gwrgi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peredur" title="Peredur">Peredur</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Clydno_Eiddin" class="mw-redirect" title="Clydno Eiddin">Clydno Eiddin</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Eidyn" title="Eidyn">Eidyn</a> or <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bromwich256_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromwich256-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MacQuarrie_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacQuarrie-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The poem <i><a href="/wiki/Y_Gododdin" title="Y Gododdin">Y Gododdin</a></i> mentions some enmity between the "Sons of Godebog", possibly a reference to the Coiling, and the heroes who fought for the <a href="/wiki/Gododdin" title="Gododdin">Gododdin</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Catraeth" title="Battle of Catraeth">Battle of Catraeth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CharlesEdwards386_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CharlesEdwards386-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MacQuarrie_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacQuarrie-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As an ancestor figure, he compares to <a href="/wiki/Dyfnwal_Hen" title="Dyfnwal Hen">Dyfnwal Hen</a>, who is likewise attributed with founding kingly lines in the Hen Ogledd. Hector Boece and Ayrshire folklore both state that Coel and his entire army perished in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Coilsfield" title="Battle of Coilsfield">Battle of Coilsfield</a>. According to Welsh tradition the region of <a href="/wiki/Kyle,_Ayrshire" title="Kyle, Ayrshire">Kyle</a> was named for Coel, and a mound at <a href="/wiki/Coylton" title="Coylton">Coylton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ayrshire" title="Ayrshire">Ayrshire</a> was regarded as his tomb.<sup id="cite_ref-Bromwich314_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromwich314-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Projections back from dated individuals suggest that Coel Hen would have lived around AD 350–420, during the time of the <a href="/wiki/End_of_Roman_rule_in_Britain" title="End of Roman rule in Britain">Roman departure from Britain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MacQuarrie_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacQuarrie-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his book <i>The Age of Arthur</i>, historian <a href="/wiki/John_Morris_(historian)" title="John Morris (historian)">John Morris</a> suggested Coel may have been the last of the Roman <i>Duces Brittanniarum</i> (Dukes of the Britons) who commanded the Roman army in northern Britain, and split his lands among his heirs after his death.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Morris's book has been widely criticized.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been suggested that Coel was appointed governor of northern Britain, ruling from <a href="/wiki/Eburacum" class="mw-redirect" title="Eburacum">Eburacum</a> (York), by <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Maximus" title="Magnus Maximus">Magnus Maximus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colchester_legend">Colchester legend</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coel_Hen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Colchester legend"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the twelfth century, a story arose claiming that <a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a> in Essex was named after a man called Coel, who was the father of <a href="/wiki/Helena_(empress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena (empress)">Saint Helena</a>, and therefore the grandfather of <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a>. Though not initially associated with Coel Hen, the two Coels began to be conflated in Welsh scholarship from the fifteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legend originated from a <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">folk etymology</a> indicating that Colchester was named for Coel (supposedly from "Coel" and "<a href="/wiki/Castrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Castrum">castrum</a>", producing "fortress of Coel"). However, the city was actually known as <i>Colneceaster</i> until the <i>n</i> was dropped in around the 10th century; its name likely comes from the local <a href="/wiki/River_Colne,_Essex" title="River Colne, Essex">River Colne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Harbus200264_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harbus200264-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around the same time, a further development of this legend that King Coel of Colchester was the father of Empress Saint Helena, and therefore the grandfather of Constantine the Great, appeared in <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Huntingdon" title="Henry of Huntingdon">Henry of Huntingdon</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Anglorum_(Henry_of_Huntingdon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Historia Anglorum (Henry of Huntingdon)">Historia Anglorum</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GeoffreyCoel_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeoffreyCoel-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The passages are clearly related, even using some of the same words, but it is not clear which version was first. Henry appears to have written the relevant part of the <i>Historia Anglorum</i> before he knew about Geoffrey's work, leading <a href="/wiki/John_Strong_Perry_Tatlock" class="mw-redirect" title="John Strong Perry Tatlock">J. S. P. Tatlock</a> and other scholars to conclude that Geoffrey borrowed the passage from Henry, rather than the other way around.<sup id="cite_ref-Greenwayciv_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenwayciv-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The source of the claim is unknown, but may have predated both Henry and Geoffrey. Diana Greenway proposes it came from a lost hagiography of Helena;<sup id="cite_ref-Greenwayciv_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenwayciv-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antonia Harbus suggests it came instead from oral tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geoffrey's largely legendary <i>Historia Regum Britanniae</i> expands upon Henry's brief mention, listing Coel as a <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Britons" title="King of the Britons">King of the Britons</a> following the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Julius_Asclepiodotus" title="Julius Asclepiodotus">Asclepiodotus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Monmouth1966_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monmouth1966-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i>Historia</i>, Coel grows upset with Asclepiodotus's handling of the <a href="/wiki/Diocletianic_Persecution" title="Diocletianic Persecution">Diocletianic Persecution</a> and begins a rebellion in his duchy of Caer Colun (Colchester). He meets Asclepiodotus in battle and kills him, thus taking the kingship of Britain upon himself. Rome, apparently, is pleased that Britain has a new king, and sends senator <a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a> to negotiate with him. Afraid of the Romans, Coel meets Constantius and agrees to pay tribute and submit to Roman laws as long as he is allowed to retain the kingship. Constantius agrees to these terms, but Coel dies one month later.<sup id="cite_ref-Monmouth1966_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monmouth1966-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Constantius marries Coel's daughter, Helena, and crowns himself as Coel's successor. Helena subsequently gives birth to a son who becomes the Emperor Constantine the Great, giving a British pedigree to the Roman imperial line.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Local tradition came to suggest that Coel was responsible for some of the ancient buildings in Colchester; a public conduit in the High Street was named "King Coel's Pump", the <a href="/wiki/Balkerne_Gate" title="Balkerne Gate">Balkerne Gate</a> in the Roman town walls was known as "King Coel's Castle" and the remains of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Claudius,_Colchester" title="Temple of Claudius, Colchester">Temple of Claudius</a> over which <a href="/wiki/Colchester_Castle" title="Colchester Castle">Colchester Castle</a> was built were called "King Coel's Palace".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_stories">Other stories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coel_Hen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other stories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is an old story told in the North about Coel's last campaign. What is now Scotland was originally inhabited by both Brythonic and <a href="/wiki/Picts" title="Picts">Pictish</a> tribes. It was during Coel's time that the <a href="/wiki/Scoti" title="Scoti">Scotti</a> tribe began to settle the Western coast around <a href="/wiki/Argyle,_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Argyle, Scotland">Argyle</a>. Coel, fearing that these Northern peoples would unite against his domain south of <a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Wall" title="Hadrian's Wall">Hadrian's Wall</a>, sent raiding parties across his northern border to stir up discord between them. The plan, however, backfired for the Picts and the Scots were not taken in. Coel merely succeeded in pushing the two even closer together, and they began to attack the Brittonic Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Strathclyde" title="Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a>. Coel declared all out war and moved north to expel the invaders. The Picts and Scots fled to the hills ahead of Coel's army, who eventually set up camp at what became Coylton alongside the Water of Coyle (Ayrshire). For a long time, the British were triumphant, while the Scots and Picts starved. Desperate for some relief, however, the enemy advanced an all-or-nothing attack on Coel's stronghold. Coel and his men were taken by surprise, overrun and scattered to the winds. It is said that Coel wandered the unknown countryside until he eventually got caught in a bog at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coilsfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coilsfield (page does not exist)">Coilsfield</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Tarbolton" title="Tarbolton">Tarbolton</a>, Ayrshire) and drowned. Coel was first buried in a mound there before being removed to the church at Coylton. The year was about AD 420. After his death, tradition says that Coel's Northern kingdom was divided between two of his sons, <a href="/wiki/Ceneu" title="Ceneu">Ceneu</a> and Gorbanian.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coel_Hen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Opie-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Opie_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Opie and Opie, p. 6: "Because there is said to have been a Prince Cole in the third century A.D.... it does not follow that the song 'Old (or Good) King Cole' dates back to that period, even in the unlikely event of it referring to this chieftain."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meredith Cane, 'Personal Names of Men in Wales, Cornwall and Brittany, 400–1400 AD' (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, 2003), p. 170, citing Elwyn Evans, 'Yr Enwau Personol mewn Saith o Destunau Detholedig' (unpublished MA thesis, University of Wales, Bangor, 1964), p. 260 (which according to Cane "discusses a number of possible origins, but reaches no useful conclusions").</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Koch458-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Koch458_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Koch458_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Koch, p. 458.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru: A dictionary of the Welsh language</i>, Volume 1, University of Wales. Board of Celtic Studies, 1950, p. 532</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Matasović, Ranko, <i>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic</i>, Brill, 2009, pp. 197–198</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">John T. Koch, <i>Cunedda, Cynan, Cadwallon, Cynddylan: Four Welsh Poems and Britain 383–655</i> (Aberystwyth: University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies, 2013), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-907029-13-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-907029-13-4">978-1-907029-13-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bromwich256-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bromwich256_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bromwich256_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bromwich256_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bromwich, pp. 256–257.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CharlesEdwards386-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CharlesEdwards386_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CharlesEdwards386_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles-Edwards, p. 386.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harbus 2002, pp. 64–65, 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ben Guy, 'Constantine, Helena, Maximus: On the Appropriation of Roman History in Medieval Wales, c. 800–1250', <i>Journal of Medieval History</i>, 44 (2018), 381–405 (p. 395).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacQuarrie-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacQuarrie_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacQuarrie_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacQuarrie_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">MacQuarrie, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bromwich314-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bromwich314_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bromwich, p. 314.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morris, p. 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">N. J. Lacy, <i>A history of Arthurian scholarship</i> Arthurian studies, 65 (Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2006), pp. 9–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessler" class="citation web cs1">Kessler, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/FeaturesBritain/BritishMagnusMaximus.htm">"Magnus Maximus"</a>. <i>The History Files</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+History+Files&rft.atitle=Magnus+Maximus&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyfiles.co.uk%2FFeaturesBritain%2FBritishMagnusMaximus.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicolaisen, Gelling & Richard, p. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harbus200264-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harbus200264_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harbus 2002, pp. 64–65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry of Huntingdon, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_English/Book_1" class="extiw" title="wikisource:History of the English/Book 1"><i>Historia Anglorum</i>, Book I</a>, ch. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Greenway, pp. 60–61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GeoffreyCoel-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GeoffreyCoel_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Geoffrey of Monmouth, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_Kings_of_Britain/Book_5" class="extiw" title="wikisource:History of the Kings of Britain/Book 5"><i>Historia Regum Britanniae</i>, Book V</a>, ch. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenwayciv-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Greenwayciv_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Greenwayciv_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Greenway, p. civ.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harbus 2002, p. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harbus 2002, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Monmouth1966-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Monmouth1966_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Monmouth1966_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Thorpe, p. 17; 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harbus, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bensusan-Butt, p.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/bios/coelhnt.html">"EBK: Coel Hen, so-called King of Northern Britain"</a>. <i>www.earlybritishkingdoms.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.earlybritishkingdoms.com&rft.atitle=EBK%3A+Coel+Hen%2C+so-called+King+of+Northern+Britain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.earlybritishkingdoms.com%2Fbios%2Fcoelhnt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coel_Hen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBensusan-Butt2009" class="citation book cs1">Bensusan-Butt, John (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M46nAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA5"><i>Essex in the Age of Enlightenment</i></a>. Lulu.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1445210544" title="Special:BookSources/978-1445210544"><bdi>978-1445210544</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essex+in+the+Age+of+Enlightenment&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1445210544&rft.aulast=Bensusan-Butt&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM46nAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBromwich2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bromwich" title="Rachel Bromwich">Bromwich, Rachel</a> (2006). <i>Trioedd Ynys Prydein: The Triads of the Island of Britain</i>. University of Wales Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7083-1386-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7083-1386-8"><bdi>0-7083-1386-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trioedd+Ynys+Prydein%3A+The+Triads+of+the+Island+of+Britain&rft.pub=University+of+Wales+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7083-1386-8&rft.aulast=Bromwich&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_of_Huntingdon1996" class="citation book cs1">Henry of Huntingdon (1996). Greenway, Diana (ed.). <i>Historia Anglorum: The History of the English People</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-822224-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-822224-6"><bdi>0-19-822224-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+Anglorum%3A+The+History+of+the+English+People&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-19-822224-6&rft.au=Henry+of+Huntingdon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarbus2002" class="citation book cs1">Harbus, Antonina (2002). <i>Helena of Britain in Medieval Legend</i>. D. S. Brewer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0859916251" title="Special:BookSources/0859916251"><bdi>0859916251</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Helena+of+Britain+in+Medieval+Legend&rft.pub=D.+S.+Brewer&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0859916251&rft.aulast=Harbus&rft.aufirst=Antonina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoch2006" class="citation book cs1">Koch, John T. (2006). <i>Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia</i>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85109-440-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85109-440-7"><bdi>1-85109-440-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celtic+Culture%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-85109-440-7&rft.aulast=Koch&rft.aufirst=John+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacQuarrie1993" class="citation book cs1">MacQuarrie, Alan (1993). "The Kings of Strathclyde : c.400 - 1018". In Grant, A.; Stringer, K (eds.). <i>Medieval Scotland : Crown, Lordship and Community : essays presented to G.W.S.Barrow</i>. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 1–19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780748611102" title="Special:BookSources/9780748611102"><bdi>9780748611102</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Kings+of+Strathclyde+%3A+c.400+-+1018&rft.btitle=Medieval+Scotland+%3A+Crown%2C+Lordship+and+Community+%3A+essays+presented+to+G.W.S.Barrow&rft.pages=1-19&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780748611102&rft.aulast=MacQuarrie&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris1973" class="citation book cs1">Morris, John (1973). <i>The Age of Arthur</i>. Weidenfeld & Nicolson.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Age+of+Arthur&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOpieOpie1997" class="citation book cs1">Opie, I.; Opie, P. (1997). <i>The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Nursery+Rhymes&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Opie&rft.aufirst=I.&rft.au=Opie%2C+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeoffrey_of_Monmouth1966" class="citation book cs1">Geoffrey of Monmouth (1966). Thorpe, Lewis (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofkingsof00geof"><i>The History of the Kings of Britain</i></a></span>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-044170-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-044170-0"><bdi>0-14-044170-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Kings+of+Britain&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1966&rft.isbn=0-14-044170-0&rft.au=Geoffrey+of+Monmouth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofkingsof00geof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoel+Hen" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Legendary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Julius_Asclepiodotus" title="Julius Asclepiodotus">Asclepiodotus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_legendary_kings_of_Britain" title="List of legendary kings of Britain">King of Britain</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Template:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Template talk:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_by_Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Category:Works by Geoffrey of Monmouth">Works</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Prophetiae_Merlini" title="Prophetiae Merlini">Prophetiae Merlini</a></i> (c. 1135)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (c. 1136)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vita_Merlini" title="Vita Merlini">Vita Merlini</a></i> (c. 1150)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Translations_of_Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Category:Translations of Geoffrey of Monmouth">Translations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_de_Brut" title="Roman de Brut">Roman de Brut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layamon%27s_Brut" title="Layamon's Brut">Layamon's <i>Brut</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brut_y_Brenhinedd" title="Brut y Brenhinedd">Brut y Brenhinedd</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breta_s%C3%B6gur" title="Breta sögur">Breta sögur</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merl%C3%ADn%C3%BAssp%C3%A1" title="Merlínússpá">Merlínússpá</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Alban" title="Saint Alban">Saint Alban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanactus" title="Albanactus">Albanactus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhfrith_of_Deira" class="mw-redirect" title="Alhfrith of Deira">Alhfrith of Deira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allectus" title="Allectus">Allectus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Aurelianus" title="Ambrosius Aurelianus">Ambrosius Aurelianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibalus" title="Amphibalus">Amphibalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andragius" title="Andragius">Andragius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archgallo" title="Archgallo">Archgallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archmail" title="Archmail">Archmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">King Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvirargus" title="Arvirargus">Arvirargus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascanius" title="Ascanius">Ascanius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Conanus" title="Aurelius Conanus">Aurelius Conanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedivere" title="Bedivere">Bedivere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beldgabred" title="Beldgabred">Beldgabred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beli_Mawr" title="Beli Mawr">Beli Mawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belinus" title="Belinus">Belinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bladud" title="Bladud">Bladud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bledric_ap_Custennin" title="Bledric ap Custennin">Bledric ap Custennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bledudo" title="Bledudo">Bledudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brennius" title="Brennius">Brennius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_Greenshield" title="Brutus Greenshield">Brutus Greenshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_of_Troy" title="Brutus of Troy">Brutus of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budic_II_of_Brittany" title="Budic II of Brittany">Budic II of Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadfan_ap_Iago" title="Cadfan ap Iago">Cadfan ap Iago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadoc" title="Cadoc">Cadoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cador" title="Cador">Cador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadwaladr" title="Cadwaladr">Cadwaladr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadwallon_ap_Cadfan" title="Cadwallon ap Cadfan">Cadwallon ap Cadfan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camber_(legendary_king)" class="mw-redirect" title="Camber (legendary king)">Camber (legendary king)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_Britain" title="Cap of Britain">Cap of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capetus_Silvius" title="Capetus Silvius">Capetus Silvius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capoir" title="Capoir">Capoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caradocus" title="Caradocus">Caradocus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carausius" title="Carausius">Carausius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassivellaunus" title="Cassivellaunus">Cassivellaunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catellus" title="Catellus">Catellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catigern" title="Catigern">Catigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherin" title="Cherin">Cherin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledaucus" title="Cledaucus">Cledaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotenus" title="Clotenus">Clotenus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coel Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coilus" title="Coilus">Coilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conan_Meriadoc" title="Conan Meriadoc">Conan Meriadoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constans_II_(son_of_Constantine_III)" title="Constans II (son of Constantine III)">Constans II (son of Constantine III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_III_(Western_Roman_Emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)">Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(Briton)" title="Constantine (Briton)">Constantine (Briton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordelia_of_Britain" title="Cordelia of Britain">Cordelia of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corineus" title="Corineus">Corineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunedagius" title="Cunedagius">Cunedagius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunobeline" title="Cunobeline">Cunobeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danius" title="Danius">Danius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David" title="Saint David">Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digueillus" title="Digueillus">Digueillus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionotus" title="Dionotus">Dionotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunvallo_Molmutius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunvallo Molmutius">Dunvallo Molmutius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebraucus" title="Ebraucus">Ebraucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edadus" title="Edadus">Edadus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edern_ap_Nudd" title="Edern ap Nudd">Edern ap Nudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_of_Northumbria" title="Edwin of Northumbria">Edwin of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldol" title="Eldol">Eldol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldol,_Consul_of_Gloucester" title="Eldol, Consul of Gloucester">Eldol, Consul of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elidurus" title="Elidurus">Elidurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliud" title="Eliud">Eliud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enniaunus" title="Enniaunus">Enniaunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estrildis" title="Estrildis">Estrildis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaf_Hen" title="Eudaf Hen">Eudaf Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrex" title="Ferrex">Ferrex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulgenius" title="Fulgenius">Fulgenius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawain" title="Gawain">Gawain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerennus" title="Gerennus">Gerennus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goffar_the_Pict" title="Goffar the Pict">Goffar the Pict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogmagog_(folklore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gogmagog (folklore)">Gogmagog (folklore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goneril" title="Goneril">Goneril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorboduc" title="Gorboduc">Gorboduc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorbonianus" title="Gorbonianus">Gorbonianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorlois" title="Gorlois">Gorlois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracianus_Municeps" title="Gracianus Municeps">Gracianus Municeps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiderius" title="Guiderius">Guiderius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinevere" title="Guinevere">Guinevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guithelin" title="Guithelin">Guithelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgintius" title="Gurgintius">Gurgintius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurguit_Barbtruc" title="Gurguit Barbtruc">Gurguit Barbtruc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgustius" title="Gurgustius">Gurgustius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwenddoleu_ap_Ceidio" title="Gwenddoleu ap Ceidio">Gwenddoleu ap Ceidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwenddydd" title="Gwenddydd">Gwenddydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Gwendolen" title="Queen Gwendolen">Queen Gwendolen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_(empress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena (empress)">Helena (empress)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengist_and_Horsa" title="Hengist and Horsa">Hengist and Horsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoel">Hoel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_the_Hun" title="Humber the Hun">Humber the Hun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iago_ap_Beli" title="Iago ap Beli">Iago ap Beli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idvallo" title="Idvallo">Idvallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igraine" title="Igraine">Igraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenius_of_Britain" title="Ingenius of Britain">Ingenius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innogen" title="Innogen">Innogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jago_of_Britain" title="Jago of Britain">Jago of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_and_Aaron" title="Julius and Aaron">Julius and Aaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Asclepiodotus" title="Julius Asclepiodotus">Julius Asclepiodotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Kay" title="Sir Kay">Sir Kay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keredic" title="Keredic">Keredic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimarcus" title="Kimarcus">Kimarcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinarius" title="Kinarius">Kinarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latinus" title="Latinus">Latinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavinia" title="Lavinia">Lavinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leil" title="Leil">Leil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leir_of_Britain" title="Leir of Britain">Leir of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locrinus" title="Locrinus">Locrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Lot" title="King Lot">King Lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_of_Britain" title="Lucius of Britain">Lucius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Tiberius" title="Lucius Tiberius">Lucius Tiberius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lud_son_of_Heli" class="mw-redirect" title="Lud son of Heli">Lud son of Heli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maddan" title="Maddan">Maddan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maelgwn_Gwynedd" title="Maelgwn Gwynedd">Maelgwn Gwynedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Maximus" title="Magnus Maximus">Magnus Maximus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandubracius" title="Mandubracius">Mandubracius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Marcia" title="Queen Marcia">Queen Marcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marganus" title="Marganus">Marganus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marganus_II" title="Marganus II">Marganus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_of_Britain" title="Marius of Britain">Marius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mempricius" title="Mempricius">Mempricius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merianus" title="Merianus">Merianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin" title="Merlin">Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millus" title="Millus">Millus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordred" title="Mordred">Mordred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgause" title="Morgause">Morgause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morvidus" title="Morvidus">Morvidus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrddin_Wyllt" title="Myrddin Wyllt">Myrddin Wyllt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nennius_of_Britain" title="Nennius of Britain">Nennius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octa_of_Kent" title="Octa of Kent">Octa of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenus" title="Oenus">Oenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_of_Northumbria" title="Oswald of Northumbria">Oswald of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswiu_of_Northumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Oswiu of Northumbria">Oswiu of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owain_mab_Urien" title="Owain mab Urien">Owain mab Urien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandrasus" title="Pandrasus">Pandrasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penda_of_Mercia" title="Penda of Mercia">Penda of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredur" title="Peredur">Peredur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredurus" title="Peredurus">Peredurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_of_the_Britons" title="Pir of the Britons">Pir of the Britons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porrex_I" title="Porrex I">Porrex I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porrex_II" title="Porrex II">Porrex II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publius_Septimius_Geta" class="mw-redirect" title="Publius Septimius Geta">Publius Septimius Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Laberius_Durus" title="Quintus Laberius Durus">Quintus Laberius Durus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redechius" title="Redechius">Redechius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redon_of_Britain" title="Redon of Britain">Redon of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regan_(King_Lear)" title="Regan (King Lear)">Regan (King Lear)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhydderch_Hael" title="Rhydderch Hael">Rhydderch Hael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rience" class="mw-redirect" title="Rience">Rience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivallo" title="Rivallo">Rivallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rud_Hud_Hudibras" title="Rud Hud Hudibras">Rud Hud Hudibras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runo_(legendary_king)" class="mw-redirect" title="Runo (legendary king)">Runo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawyl_Penuchel" title="Sawyl Penuchel">Sawyl Penuchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvius_(mythology)" title="Silvius (mythology)">Silvius (mythology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_I" title="Sisillius I">Sisillius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_II" title="Sisillius II">Sisillius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_III" title="Sisillius III">Sisillius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Gorbonianus" title="Son of Gorbonianus">Son of Gorbonianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliesin" title="Taliesin">Taliesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasciovanus" title="Tasciovanus">Tasciovanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trahern" title="Trahern">Trahern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnus" title="Turnus">Turnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urianus" title="Urianus">Urianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uther_Pendragon" title="Uther Pendragon">Uther Pendragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venissa" title="Venissa">Venissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortigern" title="Vortigern">Vortigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortimer" title="Vortimer">Vortimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortiporius" title="Vortiporius">Vortiporius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulfhere_of_Mercia" title="Wulfhere of Mercia">Wulfhere of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ywain" title="Ywain">Ywain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelberht_of_Kent" title="Æthelberht of Kent">Æthelberht of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelfrith_of_Northumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Æthelfrith of Northumbria">Æthelfrith of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%92thelwald_of_Deira" title="Œthelwald of Deira">Œthelwald of Deira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avalon" title="Avalon">Avalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arfderydd" title="Battle of Arfderydd">Battle of Arfderydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badon" title="Battle of Badon">Battle of Badon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camlann" title="Battle of Camlann">Battle of Camlann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guoloph" title="Battle of Guoloph">Battle of Guoloph</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brut_y_Tywysogion" title="Brut y Tywysogion">Brut y Tywysogion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excalibur" title="Excalibur">Excalibur</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Regum_Britanniae" title="Gesta Regum Britanniae">Gesta Regum Britanniae</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lailoken" title="Lailoken">Lailoken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legendary_kings_of_Britain" title="List of legendary kings of Britain">List of legendary kings of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legendary_rulers_of_Cornwall" title="List of legendary rulers of Cornwall">List of legendary rulers of Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logres" title="Logres">Logres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Matter of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molmutine_Laws" title="Molmutine Laws">Molmutine Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nennius" title="Nennius">Nennius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pridwen" title="Pridwen">Pridwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riothamus" title="Riothamus">Riothamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Malvam" title="River Malvam">River Malvam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Exeter_(c._630)" title="Siege of Exeter (c. 630)">Siege of Exeter (c. 630)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locations_associated_with_Arthurian_legend" class="mw-redirect" title="Locations associated with Arthurian legend">Locations associated with Arthurian legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treason_of_the_Long_Knives" title="Treason of the Long Knives">Treason of the Long Knives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinovantum" title="Trinovantum">Trinovantum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_genealogy_of_Nennius" title="Trojan genealogy of Nennius">Trojan genealogy of Nennius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vera_historia_de_morte_Arthuri" title="Vera historia de morte Arthuri">Vera historia de morte Arthuri</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_of_Oxford" title="Walter of Oxford">Walter of Oxford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td 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