CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah - Writings of Alfred Edersheim - A.D. (Anno Domini) - Historical Writings - StudyLight.org</title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#6b6b6b"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="VS6RXGOPMB6LMYB2s2vqqPrRFPdj6sptFLk-jIJ7Ino"> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta property="og:title" content="The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah - Writings of Alfred Edersheim - A.D. (Anno Domini) - Historical Writings - StudyLight.org"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.studylight.org/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah.html"> <meta property="og:image" content="//www.studylight.info/images/sl_more_than.jpg"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="StudyLight.org"> <meta property="og:description" content=""> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="none">  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-4V2WYZZ2JS"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber") !== "1") {(()=>{"use strict";var t={455:(t,e,n)=>{n.d(e,{Z:()=>c});var r=n(81),o=n.n(r),i=n(645),a=n.n(i)()(o());a.push([t.id,'div._1x7oe5p{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,.4);z-index:999999}div._1x7oe5p *{box-sizing:border-box}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm{position:fixed;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%, -50%);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;min-height:25vh;width:50%;background-color:#fff;border:none;border-radius:1em;box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,.3);text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;line-height:2;color:#000}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm *:before,div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm *:after{content:"";display:none}@media screen and (max-width: 479px){div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm{font-size:13px;width:90%}}@media screen and (min-width: 480px){div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm{font-size:14px;width:80%}}@media screen and (min-width: 608px){div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm{font-size:14px;width:70%}}@media screen and (min-width: 960px){div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm{font-size:16px;width:70%}}@media screen and (min-width: 1200px){div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm{font-size:16px;width:840px}}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm header{width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);border:0;color:inherit;display:block;font-size:1em;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:normal;margin:0;opacity:1;outline:none;padding:1em 2em;position:static;text-align:center}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm header img{display:inline;margin:0 0 16px 0;padding:0;max-width:240px;max-height:60px}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm header h2{display:block;line-height:1.3;padding:0;font-family:inherit;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:initial;text-align:center;font-size:1.75em;margin:0;color:inherit}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm header h2:not(img+*){margin-top:30px}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm header span.zw3zih{position:absolute;top:0;right:15px;font-size:2em;font-weight:normal;cursor:pointer;color:inherit}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm header span.zw3zih:hover{filter:brightness(115%)}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section{width:100%;margin:0;padding:1em 2em;text-align:center;font-family:inherit;color:inherit;background:rgba(0,0,0,0)}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section p{display:block;margin:0 0 1em 0;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;font-size:1em;font-family:inherit;color:inherit;overflow-wrap:break-word;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:initial}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section p:last-of-type{margin:0 0 1.5em 0}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section.ndfh07{display:block}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section.ndfh07.gez19w{display:none}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section.ndfh07 a.q769eo._1h8hdqe{color:var(--_1h8hdqe)}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section.ndfh07 a.q769eo._1wo6gz5{text-decoration:var(--_1wo6gz5)}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section.ndfh07 a.q769eo.m19f8t:visited{color:var(--m19f8t)}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section.ndfh07 div._147ewri{display:block;margin:.75em;padding:0}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section.ndfh07 div._147ewri p._1ehkt64{max-width:80%;margin:0 auto;padding:0;font-size:.85em;color:inherit;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;cursor:pointer}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z{display:block}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z.gez19w{display:none}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z h4.kt6pt5{color:inherit;text-align:initial;font-weight:normal;font-family:inherit;font-size:1.125em;margin:0 0 .5em .5em}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc{display:flex;margin:1.5em 0}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc ul.snp44k{max-height:300px;flex:2;list-style:none;overflow-y:auto;margin:0 1em 0 0;padding-inline-start:0}@media screen and (min-width: 608px){div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc ul.snp44k{flex:1;margin:0 2em 0 0}}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc ul.snp44k li{padding:.75em;cursor:pointer;background:rgba(0,0,0,.05);font-weight:bold}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc ul.snp44k li:hover{background:rgba(0,0,0,.075)}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc ul.snp44k li.plelsp{color:var(--_1es64bu);background:var(--me7zje)}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc div.m9fhjc{max-height:300px;overflow-y:auto;flex:3;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;text-align:initial}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc div.m9fhjc ol._1v529iy{display:none;list-style-type:decimal;text-align:initial;padding:0;margin:0 2em;font-weight:normal}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc div.m9fhjc ol._1v529iy.plelsp{display:block}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z div._15c9yzc div.m9fhjc p{margin:1em 0 0;text-align:inherit;font-style:italic}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm section._1lq9b0z button.s4mudg{font-size:1em;text-transform:initial}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm button._1kssuc{width:auto;height:auto;max-width:90%;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;letter-spacing:normal;margin:.75em;opacity:1;outline:none;overflow-wrap:break-word;font-family:inherit;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:initial;text-transform:uppercase;text-align:center;color:#fff;font-size:1.15em;padding:.75em 2em;padding-inline:2em;padding-block:.75em;line-height:normal;background:#40c28a;border:none;border-radius:.25em;box-shadow:none}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm button._1kssuc:hover{filter:brightness(115%);box-shadow:none}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm a._1h94ia9{height:50px;width:50px;position:absolute;bottom:5px;right:5px}div._1x7oe5p div._1tkdorm a._1h94ia9 img{position:initial;height:100%;width:100%;filter:drop-shadow(1px 1px 1px var(--_1vcjqx8))}',""]);const c=a},645:t=>{t.exports=function(t){var e=[];return e.toString=function(){return this.map((function(e){var n="",r=void 0!==e[5];return e[4]&&(n+="@supports (".concat(e[4],") {")),e[2]&&(n+="@media ".concat(e[2]," {")),r&&(n+="@layer".concat(e[5].length>0?" ".concat(e[5]):""," {")),n+=t(e),r&&(n+="}"),e[2]&&(n+="}"),e[4]&&(n+="}"),n})).join("")},e.i=function(t,n,r,o,i){"string"==typeof t&&(t=[[null,t,void 0]]);var a={};if(r)for(var c=0;c<this.length;c++){var s=this[c][0];null!=s&&(a[s]=!0)}for(var l=0;l<t.length;l++){var d=[].concat(t[l]);r&&a[d[0]]||(void 0!==i&&(void 0===d[5]||(d[1]="@layer".concat(d[5].length>0?" ".concat(d[5]):""," {").concat(d[1],"}")),d[5]=i),n&&(d[2]?(d[1]="@media ".concat(d[2]," {").concat(d[1],"}"),d[2]=n):d[2]=n),o&&(d[4]?(d[1]="@supports (".concat(d[4],") {").concat(d[1],"}"),d[4]=o):d[4]="".concat(o)),e.push(d))}},e}},81:t=>{t.exports=function(t){return t[1]}},379:t=>{var e=[];function n(t){for(var n=-1,r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].identifier===t){n=r;break}return n}function r(t,r){for(var i={},a=[],c=0;c<t.length;c++){var s=t[c],l=r.base?s[0]+r.base:s[0],d=i[l]||0,u="".concat(l," ").concat(d);i[l]=d+1;var f=n(u),p={css:s[1],media:s[2],sourceMap:s[3],supports:s[4],layer:s[5]};if(-1!==f)e[f].references++,e[f].updater(p);else{var h=o(p,r);r.byIndex=c,e.splice(c,0,{identifier:u,updater:h,references:1})}a.push(u)}return a}function o(t,e){var n=e.domAPI(e);n.update(t);return function(e){if(e){if(e.css===t.css&&e.media===t.media&&e.sourceMap===t.sourceMap&&e.supports===t.supports&&e.layer===t.layer)return;n.update(t=e)}else n.remove()}}t.exports=function(t,o){var i=r(t=t||[],o=o||{});return function(t){t=t||[];for(var a=0;a<i.length;a++){var c=n(i[a]);e[c].references--}for(var s=r(t,o),l=0;l<i.length;l++){var d=n(i[l]);0===e[d].references&&(e[d].updater(),e.splice(d,1))}i=s}}},569:t=>{var e={};t.exports=function(t,n){var r=function(t){if(void 0===e[t]){var n=document.querySelector(t);if(window.HTMLIFrameElement&&n instanceof window.HTMLIFrameElement)try{n=n.contentDocument.head}catch(t){n=null}e[t]=n}return e[t]}(t);if(!r)throw new Error("Couldn't find a style target. This probably means that the value for the 'insert' parameter is invalid.");r.appendChild(n)}},216:t=>{t.exports=function(t){var e=document.createElement("style");return t.setAttributes(e,t.attributes),t.insert(e,t.options),e}},565:(t,e,n)=>{t.exports=function(t){var e=n.nc;e&&t.setAttribute("nonce",e)}},795:t=>{t.exports=function(t){if("undefined"==typeof document)return{update:function(){},remove:function(){}};var e=t.insertStyleElement(t);return{update:function(n){!function(t,e,n){var r="";n.supports&&(r+="@supports (".concat(n.supports,") {")),n.media&&(r+="@media ".concat(n.media," {"));var o=void 0!==n.layer;o&&(r+="@layer".concat(n.layer.length>0?" ".concat(n.layer):""," {")),r+=n.css,o&&(r+="}"),n.media&&(r+="}"),n.supports&&(r+="}");var i=n.sourceMap;i&&"undefined"!=typeof btoa&&(r+=` /*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,`.concat(btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(i))))," */")),e.styleTagTransform(r,t,e.options)}(e,t,n)},remove:function(){!function(t){if(null===t.parentNode)return!1;t.parentNode.removeChild(t)}(e)}}}},589:t=>{t.exports=function(t,e){if(e.styleSheet)e.styleSheet.cssText=t;else{for(;e.firstChild;)e.removeChild(e.firstChild);e.appendChild(document.createTextNode(t))}}}},e={};function n(r){var o=e[r];if(void 0!==o)return o.exports;var i=e[r]={id:r,exports:{}};return t[r](i,i.exports,n),i.exports}n.n=t=>{var e=t&&t.__esModule?()=>t.default:()=>t;return n.d(e,{a:e}),e},n.d=(t,e)=>{for(var r in e)n.o(e,r)&&!n.o(t,r)&&Object.defineProperty(t,r,{enumerable:!0,get:e[r]})},n.o=(t,e)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t,e),n.nc=void 0,(()=>{const t={randomUUID:"undefined"!=typeof crypto&&crypto.randomUUID&&crypto.randomUUID.bind(crypto)};let e;const r=new Uint8Array(16);function o(){if(!e&&(e="undefined"!=typeof crypto&&crypto.getRandomValues&&crypto.getRandomValues.bind(crypto),!e))throw new Error("crypto.getRandomValues() not supported. See https://github.com/uuidjs/uuid#getrandomvalues-not-supported");return e(r)}const i=[];for(let t=0;t<256;++t)i.push((t+256).toString(16).slice(1));function a(t,e=0){return(i[t[e+0]]+i[t[e+1]]+i[t[e+2]]+i[t[e+3]]+"-"+i[t[e+4]]+i[t[e+5]]+"-"+i[t[e+6]]+i[t[e+7]]+"-"+i[t[e+8]]+i[t[e+9]]+"-"+i[t[e+10]]+i[t[e+11]]+i[t[e+12]]+i[t[e+13]]+i[t[e+14]]+i[t[e+15]]).toLowerCase()}const c=function(e,n,r){if(t.randomUUID&&!n&&!e)return t.randomUUID();const i=(e=e||{}).random||(e.rng||o)();if(i[6]=15&i[6]|64,i[8]=63&i[8]|128,n){r=r||0;for(let t=0;t<16;++t)n[r+t]=i[t];return n}return a(i)};var s=n(379),l=n.n(s),d=n(795),u=n.n(d),f=n(569),p=n.n(f),h=n(565),v=n.n(h),m=n(216),y=n.n(m),g=n(589),b=n.n(g),x=n(455),w={};w.styleTagTransform=b(),w.setAttributes=v(),w.insert=p().bind(null,"head"),w.domAPI=u(),w.insertStyleElement=y();l()(x.Z,w);x.Z&&x.Z.locals&&x.Z.locals;function k(t){return k="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(t){return typeof t}:function(t){return t&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&t.constructor===Symbol&&t!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof t},k(t)}function L(){L=function(){return e};var t,e={},n=Object.prototype,r=n.hasOwnProperty,o=Object.defineProperty||function(t,e,n){t[e]=n.value},i="function"==typeof Symbol?Symbol:{},a=i.iterator||"@@iterator",c=i.asyncIterator||"@@asyncIterator",s=i.toStringTag||"@@toStringTag";function l(t,e,n){return Object.defineProperty(t,e,{value:n,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}),t[e]}try{l({},"")}catch(t){l=function(t,e,n){return t[e]=n}}function d(t,e,n,r){var i=e&&e.prototype instanceof y?e:y,a=Object.create(i.prototype),c=new T(r||[]);return o(a,"_invoke",{value:I(t,n,c)}),a}function u(t,e,n){try{return{type:"normal",arg:t.call(e,n)}}catch(t){return{type:"throw",arg:t}}}e.wrap=d;var f="suspendedStart",p="suspendedYield",h="executing",v="completed",m={};function y(){}function g(){}function b(){}var x={};l(x,a,(function(){return this}));var w=Object.getPrototypeOf,E=w&&w(w(O([])));E&&E!==n&&r.call(E,a)&&(x=E);var C=b.prototype=y.prototype=Object.create(x);function S(t){["next","throw","return"].forEach((function(e){l(t,e,(function(t){return this._invoke(e,t)}))}))}function A(t,e){function n(o,i,a,c){var s=u(t[o],t,i);if("throw"!==s.type){var l=s.arg,d=l.value;return d&&"object"==k(d)&&r.call(d,"__await")?e.resolve(d.__await).then((function(t){n("next",t,a,c)}),(function(t){n("throw",t,a,c)})):e.resolve(d).then((function(t){l.value=t,a(l)}),(function(t){return n("throw",t,a,c)}))}c(s.arg)}var i;o(this,"_invoke",{value:function(t,r){function o(){return new e((function(e,o){n(t,r,e,o)}))}return i=i?i.then(o,o):o()}})}function I(e,n,r){var o=f;return function(i,a){if(o===h)throw new Error("Generator is already running");if(o===v){if("throw"===i)throw a;return{value:t,done:!0}}for(r.method=i,r.arg=a;;){var c=r.delegate;if(c){var s=P(c,r);if(s){if(s===m)continue;return s}}if("next"===r.method)r.sent=r._sent=r.arg;else if("throw"===r.method){if(o===f)throw o=v,r.arg;r.dispatchException(r.arg)}else"return"===r.method&&r.abrupt("return",r.arg);o=h;var l=u(e,n,r);if("normal"===l.type){if(o=r.done?v:p,l.arg===m)continue;return{value:l.arg,done:r.done}}"throw"===l.type&&(o=v,r.method="throw",r.arg=l.arg)}}}function P(e,n){var r=n.method,o=e.iterator[r];if(o===t)return n.delegate=null,"throw"===r&&e.iterator.return&&(n.method="return",n.arg=t,P(e,n),"throw"===n.method)||"return"!==r&&(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("The iterator does not provide a '"+r+"' method")),m;var i=u(o,e.iterator,n.arg);if("throw"===i.type)return n.method="throw",n.arg=i.arg,n.delegate=null,m;var a=i.arg;return a?a.done?(n[e.resultName]=a.value,n.next=e.nextLoc,"return"!==n.method&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),n.delegate=null,m):a:(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("iterator result is not an object"),n.delegate=null,m)}function Y(t){var e={tryLoc:t[0]};1 in t&&(e.catchLoc=t[1]),2 in t&&(e.finallyLoc=t[2],e.afterLoc=t[3]),this.tryEntries.push(e)}function _(t){var e=t.completion||{};e.type="normal",delete e.arg,t.completion=e}function T(t){this.tryEntries=[{tryLoc:"root"}],t.forEach(Y,this),this.reset(!0)}function O(e){if(e||""===e){var n=e[a];if(n)return n.call(e);if("function"==typeof e.next)return e;if(!isNaN(e.length)){var o=-1,i=function n(){for(;++o<e.length;)if(r.call(e,o))return n.value=e[o],n.done=!1,n;return n.value=t,n.done=!0,n};return i.next=i}}throw new TypeError(k(e)+" is not iterable")}return g.prototype=b,o(C,"constructor",{value:b,configurable:!0}),o(b,"constructor",{value:g,configurable:!0}),g.displayName=l(b,s,"GeneratorFunction"),e.isGeneratorFunction=function(t){var e="function"==typeof t&&t.constructor;return!!e&&(e===g||"GeneratorFunction"===(e.displayName||e.name))},e.mark=function(t){return Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf(t,b):(t.__proto__=b,l(t,s,"GeneratorFunction")),t.prototype=Object.create(C),t},e.awrap=function(t){return{__await:t}},S(A.prototype),l(A.prototype,c,(function(){return this})),e.AsyncIterator=A,e.async=function(t,n,r,o,i){void 0===i&&(i=Promise);var a=new A(d(t,n,r,o),i);return e.isGeneratorFunction(n)?a:a.next().then((function(t){return t.done?t.value:a.next()}))},S(C),l(C,s,"Generator"),l(C,a,(function(){return this})),l(C,"toString",(function(){return"[object Generator]"})),e.keys=function(t){var e=Object(t),n=[];for(var r in e)n.push(r);return n.reverse(),function t(){for(;n.length;){var r=n.pop();if(r in e)return t.value=r,t.done=!1,t}return t.done=!0,t}},e.values=O,T.prototype={constructor:T,reset:function(e){if(this.prev=0,this.next=0,this.sent=this._sent=t,this.done=!1,this.delegate=null,this.method="next",this.arg=t,this.tryEntries.forEach(_),!e)for(var n in this)"t"===n.charAt(0)&&r.call(this,n)&&!isNaN(+n.slice(1))&&(this[n]=t)},stop:function(){this.done=!0;var t=this.tryEntries[0].completion;if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return this.rval},dispatchException:function(e){if(this.done)throw e;var n=this;function o(r,o){return c.type="throw",c.arg=e,n.next=r,o&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),!!o}for(var i=this.tryEntries.length-1;i>=0;--i){var a=this.tryEntries[i],c=a.completion;if("root"===a.tryLoc)return o("end");if(a.tryLoc<=this.prev){var s=r.call(a,"catchLoc"),l=r.call(a,"finallyLoc");if(s&&l){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0);if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}else if(s){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0)}else{if(!l)throw new Error("try statement without catch or finally");if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}}}},abrupt:function(t,e){for(var n=this.tryEntries.length-1;n>=0;--n){var o=this.tryEntries[n];if(o.tryLoc<=this.prev&&r.call(o,"finallyLoc")&&this.prev<o.finallyLoc){var i=o;break}}i&&("break"===t||"continue"===t)&&i.tryLoc<=e&&e<=i.finallyLoc&&(i=null);var a=i?i.completion:{};return a.type=t,a.arg=e,i?(this.method="next",this.next=i.finallyLoc,m):this.complete(a)},complete:function(t,e){if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return"break"===t.type||"continue"===t.type?this.next=t.arg:"return"===t.type?(this.rval=this.arg=t.arg,this.method="return",this.next="end"):"normal"===t.type&&e&&(this.next=e),m},finish:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.finallyLoc===t)return this.complete(n.completion,n.afterLoc),_(n),m}},catch:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.tryLoc===t){var r=n.completion;if("throw"===r.type){var o=r.arg;_(n)}return o}}throw new Error("illegal catch attempt")},delegateYield:function(e,n,r){return this.delegate={iterator:O(e),resultName:n,nextLoc:r},"next"===this.method&&(this.arg=t),m}},e}function E(t,e,n,r,o,i,a){try{var c=t[i](a),s=c.value}catch(t){return void n(t)}c.done?e(s):Promise.resolve(s).then(r,o)}var C="ZnMtYWRiLWVycg",S=function(){var t,e=(t=L().mark((function t(){var e,n,r,o,i;return L().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:if(document.body){t.next=3;break}return t.next=3,new Promise((function(t){return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",t)}));case 3:for(e=["YWQ=","YmFubmVyLWFk","YmFubmVyX2Fk","YmFubmVyLWFkLWNvbnRhaW5lcg==","YWQtc2lkZXJhaWw=","c3RpY2t5YWRz","aW1wcnRudC1jbnQ="],(n=document.createElement("div")).textContent=Math.random().toString(),n.setAttribute(atob("ZGF0YS1mcmVlc3Rhci1hZA=="),"123"),r=0;r<e.length;r++)n.classList.add(atob(e[r]));if(n.style.display="block",document.body.appendChild(n),o=window.getComputedStyle(n),i=null==o?void 0:o.display,n.remove(),"none"!==i){t.next=15;break}throw new Error(C);case 15:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t)})),function(){var e=this,n=arguments;return new Promise((function(r,o){var i=t.apply(e,n);function a(t){E(i,r,o,a,c,"next",t)}function c(t){E(i,r,o,a,c,"throw",t)}a(void 0)}))});return function(){return e.apply(this,arguments)}}(),A=function(t){return new Promise((function(e,n){var r=document.createElement("script");try{r.src=t,r.addEventListener("load",(function(){e()})),r.addEventListener("error",(function(){n(C)})),document.head.appendChild(r)}catch(t){n(t)}finally{r.remove()}}))};function I(t){return I="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(t){return typeof t}:function(t){return t&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&t.constructor===Symbol&&t!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof t},I(t)}function P(){P=function(){return e};var t,e={},n=Object.prototype,r=n.hasOwnProperty,o=Object.defineProperty||function(t,e,n){t[e]=n.value},i="function"==typeof Symbol?Symbol:{},a=i.iterator||"@@iterator",c=i.asyncIterator||"@@asyncIterator",s=i.toStringTag||"@@toStringTag";function l(t,e,n){return Object.defineProperty(t,e,{value:n,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}),t[e]}try{l({},"")}catch(t){l=function(t,e,n){return t[e]=n}}function d(t,e,n,r){var i=e&&e.prototype instanceof y?e:y,a=Object.create(i.prototype),c=new T(r||[]);return o(a,"_invoke",{value:S(t,n,c)}),a}function u(t,e,n){try{return{type:"normal",arg:t.call(e,n)}}catch(t){return{type:"throw",arg:t}}}e.wrap=d;var f="suspendedStart",p="suspendedYield",h="executing",v="completed",m={};function y(){}function g(){}function b(){}var x={};l(x,a,(function(){return this}));var w=Object.getPrototypeOf,k=w&&w(w(O([])));k&&k!==n&&r.call(k,a)&&(x=k);var L=b.prototype=y.prototype=Object.create(x);function E(t){["next","throw","return"].forEach((function(e){l(t,e,(function(t){return this._invoke(e,t)}))}))}function C(t,e){function n(o,i,a,c){var s=u(t[o],t,i);if("throw"!==s.type){var l=s.arg,d=l.value;return d&&"object"==I(d)&&r.call(d,"__await")?e.resolve(d.__await).then((function(t){n("next",t,a,c)}),(function(t){n("throw",t,a,c)})):e.resolve(d).then((function(t){l.value=t,a(l)}),(function(t){return n("throw",t,a,c)}))}c(s.arg)}var i;o(this,"_invoke",{value:function(t,r){function o(){return new e((function(e,o){n(t,r,e,o)}))}return i=i?i.then(o,o):o()}})}function S(e,n,r){var o=f;return function(i,a){if(o===h)throw new Error("Generator is already running");if(o===v){if("throw"===i)throw a;return{value:t,done:!0}}for(r.method=i,r.arg=a;;){var c=r.delegate;if(c){var s=A(c,r);if(s){if(s===m)continue;return s}}if("next"===r.method)r.sent=r._sent=r.arg;else if("throw"===r.method){if(o===f)throw o=v,r.arg;r.dispatchException(r.arg)}else"return"===r.method&&r.abrupt("return",r.arg);o=h;var l=u(e,n,r);if("normal"===l.type){if(o=r.done?v:p,l.arg===m)continue;return{value:l.arg,done:r.done}}"throw"===l.type&&(o=v,r.method="throw",r.arg=l.arg)}}}function A(e,n){var r=n.method,o=e.iterator[r];if(o===t)return n.delegate=null,"throw"===r&&e.iterator.return&&(n.method="return",n.arg=t,A(e,n),"throw"===n.method)||"return"!==r&&(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("The iterator does not provide a '"+r+"' method")),m;var i=u(o,e.iterator,n.arg);if("throw"===i.type)return n.method="throw",n.arg=i.arg,n.delegate=null,m;var a=i.arg;return a?a.done?(n[e.resultName]=a.value,n.next=e.nextLoc,"return"!==n.method&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),n.delegate=null,m):a:(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("iterator result is not an object"),n.delegate=null,m)}function Y(t){var e={tryLoc:t[0]};1 in t&&(e.catchLoc=t[1]),2 in t&&(e.finallyLoc=t[2],e.afterLoc=t[3]),this.tryEntries.push(e)}function _(t){var e=t.completion||{};e.type="normal",delete e.arg,t.completion=e}function T(t){this.tryEntries=[{tryLoc:"root"}],t.forEach(Y,this),this.reset(!0)}function O(e){if(e||""===e){var n=e[a];if(n)return n.call(e);if("function"==typeof e.next)return e;if(!isNaN(e.length)){var o=-1,i=function n(){for(;++o<e.length;)if(r.call(e,o))return n.value=e[o],n.done=!1,n;return n.value=t,n.done=!0,n};return i.next=i}}throw new TypeError(I(e)+" is not iterable")}return g.prototype=b,o(L,"constructor",{value:b,configurable:!0}),o(b,"constructor",{value:g,configurable:!0}),g.displayName=l(b,s,"GeneratorFunction"),e.isGeneratorFunction=function(t){var e="function"==typeof t&&t.constructor;return!!e&&(e===g||"GeneratorFunction"===(e.displayName||e.name))},e.mark=function(t){return Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf(t,b):(t.__proto__=b,l(t,s,"GeneratorFunction")),t.prototype=Object.create(L),t},e.awrap=function(t){return{__await:t}},E(C.prototype),l(C.prototype,c,(function(){return this})),e.AsyncIterator=C,e.async=function(t,n,r,o,i){void 0===i&&(i=Promise);var a=new C(d(t,n,r,o),i);return e.isGeneratorFunction(n)?a:a.next().then((function(t){return t.done?t.value:a.next()}))},E(L),l(L,s,"Generator"),l(L,a,(function(){return this})),l(L,"toString",(function(){return"[object Generator]"})),e.keys=function(t){var e=Object(t),n=[];for(var r in e)n.push(r);return n.reverse(),function t(){for(;n.length;){var r=n.pop();if(r in e)return t.value=r,t.done=!1,t}return t.done=!0,t}},e.values=O,T.prototype={constructor:T,reset:function(e){if(this.prev=0,this.next=0,this.sent=this._sent=t,this.done=!1,this.delegate=null,this.method="next",this.arg=t,this.tryEntries.forEach(_),!e)for(var n in this)"t"===n.charAt(0)&&r.call(this,n)&&!isNaN(+n.slice(1))&&(this[n]=t)},stop:function(){this.done=!0;var t=this.tryEntries[0].completion;if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return this.rval},dispatchException:function(e){if(this.done)throw e;var n=this;function o(r,o){return c.type="throw",c.arg=e,n.next=r,o&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),!!o}for(var i=this.tryEntries.length-1;i>=0;--i){var a=this.tryEntries[i],c=a.completion;if("root"===a.tryLoc)return o("end");if(a.tryLoc<=this.prev){var s=r.call(a,"catchLoc"),l=r.call(a,"finallyLoc");if(s&&l){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0);if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}else if(s){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0)}else{if(!l)throw new Error("try statement without catch or finally");if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}}}},abrupt:function(t,e){for(var n=this.tryEntries.length-1;n>=0;--n){var o=this.tryEntries[n];if(o.tryLoc<=this.prev&&r.call(o,"finallyLoc")&&this.prev<o.finallyLoc){var i=o;break}}i&&("break"===t||"continue"===t)&&i.tryLoc<=e&&e<=i.finallyLoc&&(i=null);var a=i?i.completion:{};return a.type=t,a.arg=e,i?(this.method="next",this.next=i.finallyLoc,m):this.complete(a)},complete:function(t,e){if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return"break"===t.type||"continue"===t.type?this.next=t.arg:"return"===t.type?(this.rval=this.arg=t.arg,this.method="return",this.next="end"):"normal"===t.type&&e&&(this.next=e),m},finish:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.finallyLoc===t)return this.complete(n.completion,n.afterLoc),_(n),m}},catch:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.tryLoc===t){var r=n.completion;if("throw"===r.type){var o=r.arg;_(n)}return o}}throw new Error("illegal catch attempt")},delegateYield:function(e,n,r){return this.delegate={iterator:O(e),resultName:n,nextLoc:r},"next"===this.method&&(this.arg=t),m}},e}function Y(t,e,n,r,o,i,a){try{var c=t[i](a),s=c.value}catch(t){return void n(t)}c.done?e(s):Promise.resolve(s).then(r,o)}function _(t){return function(){var e=this,n=arguments;return new Promise((function(r,o){var i=t.apply(e,n);function a(t){Y(i,r,o,a,c,"next",t)}function c(t){Y(i,r,o,a,c,"throw",t)}a(void 0)}))}}function T(t,e){for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var r=e[n];r.enumerable=r.enumerable||!1,r.configurable=!0,"value"in r&&(r.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(t,(o=r.key,i=void 0,i=function(t,e){if("object"!==I(t)||null===t)return t;var n=t[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==n){var r=n.call(t,e||"default");if("object"!==I(r))return r;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===e?String:Number)(t)}(o,"string"),"symbol"===I(i)?i:String(i)),r)}var o,i}var O=function(){function t(e){!function(t,e){if(!(t instanceof e))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}(this,t),this.config=null,this.langCode=null,this.languages=this.getUserPreferredLanguages(e)}var e,n,r,o,i,a;return e=t,n=[{key:"init",value:(a=_(P().mark((function t(){return P().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:return t.next=2,this.fetchConfig();case 2:this.config=t.sent,null!==this.config&&(this.langCode=this.getFirstSupportedLanguage(this.languages),this.observe());case 4:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t,this)}))),function(){return a.apply(this,arguments)})},{key:"fetchConfig",value:(i=_(P().mark((function t(){var e,n,r,o,i,a;return P().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:return n=(e=["Y29uZmlnLmNvbnRlbnQtc2V0dGluZ3MuY29t","Y29uZmlnLnNpdGUtY29uZmlnLmNvbQ==","29uZmlnLmZyZmlndXJlcy5jb20="]).length-1,r=Number.isNaN(Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cdi")))?0:Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cdi")),o=Number.isNaN(Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cfc")))?0:Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cfc")),i=atob(e[r]),a="https://".concat(i,"/studylight-org.json"),t.prev=6,t.next=9,fetch(a);case 9:return t.abrupt("return",t.sent.json());case 12:return t.prev=12,t.t0=t.catch(6),++o>=3&&(o=0,r++),r>n&&(r=0),t.abrupt("return",null);case 18:return t.prev=18,localStorage.setItem("fs.cdi",r),localStorage.setItem("fs.cfc",o),t.finish(18);case 22:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t,null,[[6,12,18,22]])}))),function(){return i.apply(this,arguments)})},{key:"killScroll",value:function(t){if(t.isScrollDisabled){this.existingOverflow=document.body.style.overflow,document.body.style.overflow="hidden";var e=window.pageYOffset||document.documentElement.scrollTop,n=window.pageXOffset||document.documentElement.scrollLeft;document.body.style.top="-".concat(e,"px"),document.body.style.left="-".concat(n,"px"),window.onscroll=function(){window.scrollTo(n,e)}}}},{key:"reviveScroll",value:function(){document.body.style.overflow=this.existingOverflow||"",window.onscroll=function(){}}},{key:"getUserPreferredLanguages",value:function(t){var e=t.languages,n=t.language,r=void 0===e?[n]:e;if(r)return r.map((function(t){var e=t.trim().toLowerCase();if(!e.includes("zh"))return e.split(/-|_/)[0];var n=e.split(/-|_/)[1];return"zh"===e||["hans","cn","sg"].includes(n)?"zh":["hant","hk","mo","tw"].includes(n)?"zh-hant":void 0}))}},{key:"getFirstSupportedLanguage",value:function(t){var e=this,n=["title","paragraphOne","buttonText"],r=t.find((function(t){return n.every((function(n){return!!e.config[n][t]}))}));return void 0!==r?r:"en"}},{key:"getLocalizedTextContent",value:function(t,e){var n,r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],o=t[e];if(void 0===o)throw new Error("Config text not found for text key ".concat(e));return r?null!==(n=o[this.langCode])&&void 0!==n?n:o.en:o[this.langCode]}},{key:"getPixelString",value:function(t){return"number"==typeof t?"".concat(t,"px"):null}},{key:"pickContrastingColorValue",value:function(t,e,n){var r=t.substring(1,7);return.299*parseInt(r.substring(0,2),16)+.587*parseInt(r.substring(2,4),16)+.114*parseInt(r.substring(4,6),16)>=128?e:n}},{key:"generateOverlay",value:function(t){var e=this,n=t.siteId,r=t.isCloseEnabled,o=t.dismissDuration,i=t.dismissDurationPv,a=t.logoUrl,c=t.font,s=t.paragraphTwo,l=t.paragraphThree,d=t.closeText,u=t.linkText,f=t.linkUrl,p=t.textColor,h=t.headerTextColor,v=t.buttonTextColor,m=t.headerBgColor,y=t.bgColor,g=t.buttonBgColor,b=t.borderColor,x=t.borderWidth,w=t.borderRadius,k=t.closeButtonColor,L=t.closeTextColor,E=t.linkTextColor,C=t.linkTextDecoration,S=t.linkVisitedTextColor,A=t.hasFsBranding,I=t.disableInstructions,P=document.createElement("div");P.style.setProperty("--me7zje",g||"#40C28A"),P.style.setProperty("--_1es64bu",v||"#000000"),P.style.setProperty("--_1vcjqx8",this.pickContrastingColorValue(y||"#FFFFFF","white","black")),E&&P.style.setProperty("--_1h8hdqe",E),S&&P.style.setProperty("--m19f8t",S),C&&P.style.setProperty("--_1wo6gz5",C),P.classList.add("_1x7oe5p"),P.id="_2o8yog",P.dir="auto",this.oid=P.id;var Y=document.createElement("div");Y.classList.add("_1tkdorm"),y&&(Y.style.backgroundColor=y),c&&(Y.style.fontFamily=c),p&&(Y.style.color=p);var _=this.getPixelString(w),T=this.getPixelString(x);_&&(Y.style.borderRadius=_),(b||T)&&(Y.style.borderStyle="solid"),b&&(Y.style.borderColor=b),T&&(Y.style.borderWidth=T);var O=document.createElement("header");if(h&&(O.style.color=h),m){O.style.backgroundColor=m;var z=_||"1em";O.style.borderTopLeftRadius=z,O.style.borderTopRightRadius=z}if(a){var j=document.createElement("img");j.src=a,j.alt="Logo",j.onerror=function(){this.style.display="none"},O.appendChild(j)}var H=document.createElement("h2");H.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"title"),O.appendChild(H);var U=document.createElement("section");U.classList.add("ndfh07");var R=document.createElement("p");if(R.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"paragraphOne"),U.appendChild(R),s&&0!==Object.keys(s).length){var F=document.createElement("p");F.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"paragraphTwo"),U.appendChild(F)}if(l&&0!==Object.keys(l).length){var B=document.createElement("p");B.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"paragraphThree"),U.appendChild(B)}var V=u&&this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"linkText"),q=f&&this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"linkUrl",!0);if(V&&q){var G=document.createElement("div");G.style.margin="0 0 1em";var N=document.createElement("a");N.classList.add("q769eo"),E&&N.classList.add("_1h8hdqe"),S&&N.classList.add("m19f8t"),C&&N.classList.add("_1wo6gz5"),N.textContent=V,N.href=q,N.target="_blank",G.appendChild(N),U.appendChild(G)}var Q=document.createElement("button");if(Q.classList.add("_1kssuc"),Q.tabIndex=0,Q.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"buttonText"),g&&(Q.style.backgroundColor=g),v&&(Q.style.color=v),Q.onclick=function(){document.querySelector("section.ndfh07").classList.add("gez19w"),document.querySelector("section._1lq9b0z").classList.remove("gez19w")},U.appendChild(Q),r){var D=function(){P.remove(),e.reviveScroll(),o||i?(sessionStorage.removeItem("fs.adb".concat(n||"",".dis")),i?e.updateValues("p"):o&&e.updateValues("dt")):sessionStorage.setItem("fs.adb".concat(n||"",".dis"),"1")},M=document.createElement("span");if(M.classList.add("zw3zih"),M.innerHTML="×",M.tabIndex=0,k&&(M.style.color=k),M.addEventListener("click",D),O.appendChild(M),d&&0!==Object.keys(d).length){var W=document.createElement("div");W.classList.add("_147ewri");var J=document.createElement("p");J.classList.add("_1ehkt64"),J.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"closeText"),L&&(J.style.color=L),J.addEventListener("click",D),W.appendChild(J),U.appendChild(W)}}var Z=document.createElement("section");Z.classList.add("_1lq9b0z","gez19w");var X=document.createElement("h4");X.classList.add("kt6pt5"),X.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"instructionsTitle");var K=document.createElement("div");K.classList.add("_15c9yzc");var $=document.createElement("ul");$.classList.add("snp44k");var tt=document.createElement("div");tt.classList.add("m9fhjc"),I.forEach((function(t,n){var r=document.createElement("li");r.onclick=function(){return function(t){for(var e=document.querySelectorAll(".snp44k > li"),n=document.getElementsByClassName("_1v529iy"),r=0;r<n.length;r++)e[r].classList.remove("plelsp"),n[r].classList.remove("plelsp");e[t].classList.add("plelsp"),n[t].classList.add("plelsp")}(n)},r.textContent=e.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"name",!0),$.appendChild(r);var o=document.createElement("ol");o.classList.add("_1v529iy"),0===n&&(r.classList.add("plelsp"),o.classList.add("plelsp")),e.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"steps").forEach((function(t){var e=document.createElement("li");e.textContent=t,o.appendChild(e)})),tt.appendChild(o)}));var et=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"disclaimerText"),nt=document.createElement("p");nt.textContent=et,tt.appendChild(nt),K.appendChild($),K.appendChild(tt);var rt=document.createElement("button");if(rt.classList.add("_1kssuc","s4mudg"),rt.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"backButtonText"),g&&(rt.style.backgroundColor=g),v&&(rt.style.color=v),rt.onclick=function(){document.querySelector("section._1lq9b0z").classList.add("gez19w"),document.querySelector("section.ndfh07").classList.remove("gez19w")},Z.appendChild(X),Z.appendChild(K),Z.appendChild(rt),Y.appendChild(O),Y.appendChild(U),Y.appendChild(Z),A){var ot=document.createElement("a");ot.classList.add("_1h94ia9"),ot.href=atob("aHR0cHM6Ly9mcmVlc3Rhci5jb20vYWQtcHJvZHVjdHMvZGVza3RvcC1tb2JpbGUvZnJlZXN0YXItcmVjb3ZlcmVk"),ot.target="_blank";var it=document.createElement("img");it.alt="Logo",it.src=this.pickContrastingColorValue(y||"#FFFFFF","data:image/png;base64,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","data:image/png;base64,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"),ot.appendChild(it),Y.appendChild(ot)}return P.appendChild(Y),P}},{key:"getAndSetOverlay",value:(o=_(P().mark((function t(e){var n,r,o,i;return P().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:if(this.post(!0,e),e.dismissDuration||e.dismissDurationPv||"1"!==sessionStorage.getItem("fs.adb".concat(e.siteId||"",".dis"))){t.next=3;break}return t.abrupt("return");case 3:if(n=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),r=n&&JSON.parse(n),!e.dismissDurationPv||!r.p||"number"!=typeof r.p){t.next=14;break}if(!(e.dismissDurationPv<=r.p+1)){t.next=10;break}this.clearValue("p"),t.next=12;break;case 10:return this.updateValues("p"),t.abrupt("return");case 12:t.next=15;break;case 14:this.clearValue("p");case 15:if(o=parseInt(r.dt,10),!e.dismissDuration||!o){t.next=25;break}if(!(Math.abs((Date.now()-o)/36e5)<e.dismissDuration)){t.next=22;break}return t.abrupt("return");case 22:this.clearValue("dt");case 23:t.next=26;break;case 25:this.clearValue("dt");case 26:if(document.body){t.next=29;break}return t.next=29,new Promise((function(t){return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",t)}));case 29:if(this.killScroll(e),null===document.querySelector("#".concat(this.oid))){t.next=32;break}return t.abrupt("return");case 32:i=this.generateOverlay(e),document.body.appendChild(i);case 34:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t,this)}))),function(t){return o.apply(this,arguments)})},{key:"getStatus",value:function(t,e){return!0===e?1:2===t||1===t?2:0}},{key:"getAndSetData",value:function(t){var e,n,r,o=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),i=o&&JSON.parse(o),a=Date.now();return i?(e=i.i,n=i.ot,r=this.getStatus(i.s,t)):(i={},e=c(),n=a,r=t?1:0),i.i=e,i.s=r,i.ot=n,i.lt=a,localStorage.setItem("fs.adb",JSON.stringify(i)),i}},{key:"updateValues",value:function(t){var e=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),n=e&&JSON.parse(e);"p"===t?(n.p=n.p?n.p+1:1,n.dt&&delete n.dt):"dt"===t&&(n.dt=Date.now(),n.p&&delete n.p),localStorage.setItem("fs.adb",JSON.stringify(n))}},{key:"clearValue",value:function(t){var e=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),n=e&&JSON.parse(e);n[t]&&(delete n[t],localStorage.setItem("fs.adb",JSON.stringify(n)))}},{key:"post",value:function(t,e){var n=atob("c2l0ZS1jb25maWcuY29t"),r=e.cDomain||n,o="https://".concat(r,"/v2/abr"),i=this.getAndSetData(t),a=e.accountId,c=e.siteId,s=navigator.userAgent||window.navigator.userAgent,l=document.referrer,d=window.location,u={accountId:a,siteId:c,userId:i.i,url:d.href,referalURL:l,userAgent:s,status:function(t){switch(t){case 0:return"not detected";case 1:return"detected";case 2:return"recovered";default:return}}(i.s),returning:i.ot!==i.lt,version:"1.3.4"};fetch(o,{method:"POST",headers:{"Content-Type":"application/json","X-Client-Geo-Location":"{client_region},{client_region_subdivision},{client_city}"},body:JSON.stringify(u)}).catch((function(){}))}},{key:"observe",value:function(){var t=this,e="";new MutationObserver((function(){location.pathname!==e&&(e=location.pathname,t.run())})).observe(document,{subtree:!0,childList:!0})}},{key:"run",value:function(){var t=this,e=this.config;setTimeout(_(P().mark((function n(){return P().wrap((function(n){for(;;)switch(n.prev=n.next){case 0:return n.next=2,S().then((function(){return A(atob("aHR0cHM6Ly9hLnB1Yi5uZXR3b3JrL2NvcmUvcHJlYmlkLXVuaXZlcnNhbC1jcmVhdGl2ZS5qcw=="))})).then((function(){return A(atob("aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xldGFnc2VydmljZXMuY29tL3RhZy9qcy9ncHQuanM="))})).then((function(){t.post(!1,e)})).catch((function(n){n!==C&&(null==n?void 0:n.message)!==C||t.getAndSetOverlay(e)}));case 2:case"end":return n.stop()}}),n)}))),500)}}],n&&T(e.prototype,n),r&&T(e,r),Object.defineProperty(e,"prototype",{writable:!1}),t}();window.fsabrActive=!0,new O(window.navigator).init()})()})();}</script><link rel="preconnect" href="https://a.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://b.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://c.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://d.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://btloader.com/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://api.btloader.com/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.confiant-integrations.net" crossorigin /> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">var script,freestar=freestar||{};freestar.queue=freestar.queue||[],freestar.config=freestar.config||{},freestar.config.enabled_slots=[],freestar.initCallback=function(){0===freestar.config.enabled_slots.length?freestar.initCallbackCalled=!1:freestar.newAdSlots(freestar.config.enabled_slots)},"1"!=localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber")&&((script=document.createElement("script")).src="https://a.pub.network/studylight-org/pubfig.min.js",script.setAttribute("data-cfasync","false"),script.async=!0,document.head.appendChild(script)),"1"==localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber")&&(freestar.config.disabledProducts={stickyFooter:!0,sideWall:!0,video:!0,googleInterstitial:!0}),localStorage.getItem("sl-member-hashed-email")&&freestar.queue.push(function(){freestar.identity.setIdentity({hashes:{md5:localStorage.getItem("sl-member-hashed-email")}})});</script> <script async>var isEqualToOne="1"===localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber"),style=document.createElement("style");style.type="text/css",style.innerHTML=isEqualToOne?".adsfree-client-hide { display: none !important; } .adsfree-button{bottom:20px} .adsfree-client-show { display: block; }":".adsfree-client-hide { display: block; } .adsfree-button{bottom:110px} @media only screen and (min-device-width: 768px) {.adsfree-button{bottom:155px}}.adsfree-client-show { display: none !important; }",document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(style)</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.studylight.org/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah.html"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v20/S6uyw4BMUTPHjx4wXg.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="manifest" href="/images/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="manifest" href="/ajax/manifest.json"> <link rel="image_src" href="https://www.studylight.info/images/sl_more_than.jpg"> <script defer> var member_id = ""; var memberStatus = ""; var member_gender = ""; </script> <style> @font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Lato Regular'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v20/S6uyw4BMUTPHjx4wXg.woff2) format('woff2');font-display:swap;unicode-range:U+0100-024F,U+0259,U+1E00-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF,U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD} .mtlrb0,body,form{margin:0}.scroll-indicator{position:fixed;bottom:110px;right:20px;width:60px;height:60px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:pointer;z-index:1000}.scroll-indicator svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}.scroll-indicator-caret-svg{position:absolute;width:24px;height:24px}.advertisement-horz-text,.advertisement-vert-text{font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:9px}.adsfree-button,.adzone-column-video,.center,.center-it,.popupDiv-item,.sliderInfo,.text-center{text-align:center}.bm-tabs,.tabs{list-style:none;user-select:none}.additional-resources li a:hover,.interlinear,.resource-box p a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.bm-tabs,.menubar,.no-select,.noselect,.tabs,.unclickable{user-select:none}#pmLink,a{color:inherit}#pmLink,*{text-decoration:none}#pmLink,.breadcrumb-trail,.footer-links,.italic,.subtitle-black,.verse-emphasis{font-style:italic}#pmLink:hover,.show-it{visibility:visible}.greek-hebrew{font-family:'SBL Greek','SBL Hebrew','Serto Jerusalem',helvetica,sans-serif}.ancient-hebrew{font-family:'Ancient Hebrew',serif}.translit{font-family:'SBL BibLit',Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;direction:ltr}.rtl{direction:rtl}.ltr,.no-bidi{direction:ltr}*{box-sizing:border-box}body{background-color:#fff;font-family:Lato,sans-serif;--fsAddBuffer:22px}[type=text],input,select,textarea{color:#000;border-radius:0;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:15px;padding:3px 5px}.pl0,.plr0{padding-left:0}.plr0,.pr0{padding-right:0}.pb0,.ptb0{padding-bottom:0}.fs-17,textarea{font-size:17px}::placeholder{color:#dadada;opacity:1}button:focus{outline:0}.clickable,[class*=icon-],[role=button],a,button,label{cursor:pointer}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}a{background-color:inherit}.input-checkbox,button,input.text,input[type=button],input[type=email],input[type=number],input[type=reset],input[type=search],input[type=submit],input[type=tel],input[type=text],textarea{border-radius:0}.adzone-bottom,.adzone-column,.adzone-top{margin:auto;text-align:center}.adzone-column{min-height:250px;width:26.25em;margin:auto;height:inherit}.mb0,.mtb0{margin-bottom:0}.adzone-column-box{margin-top:10px;min-height:320px;max-width:400px}.adsfree-button{z-index:9999999;box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,.7);cursor:pointer;height:50px;width:50px;color:#fff;background-color:#c85335;border:0;border-radius:10px;font-size:11px;padding-top:5px}.pt0,.ptb0{padding-top:0}.adsfree-button:hover{background-color:#923d27}.adsfree-button:active{background-color:#cf6449;transform:translateY(4px) translateX(1px)}.adsfree-icon{height:20px;width:20px;margin-top:3px}.mt0,.mtb0{margin-top:0}.advertisement-vert-text{writing-mode:vertical-rl}.scriptRef{color:#c85335;margin-left:2px;margin-right:2px}.ml0,.mlr0{margin-left:0}.mlr0,.mr0{margin-right:0}.show_tvm{display:inline-block}#navigation>div:not(:first-of-type),.footnote,.hide_tvm,.verseref{display:none}.ml2,.mlr2{margin-left:2px}.mlr2,.mr2{margin-right:2px}.mt2,.mtb2{margin-top:2px}.mb2,.mtb2{margin-bottom:2px}.mtlrb2,.search-box{margin:2px}.ml5,.mlr5{margin-left:5px}.mlr5,.mr5{margin-right:5px}.mt5,.mtb5{margin-top:5px}.mb5,.mtb5{margin-bottom:5px}.mtlrb5{margin:5px}.ml10,.mlr10{margin-left:10px}.mlr10,.mr10{margin-right:10px}.mt10,.mtb10{margin-top:10px}.mb10,.mtb10{margin-bottom:10px}.mtlrb10{margin:10px}.ml20,.mlr20{margin-left:20px}.mlr20,.mr20{margin-right:20px}.infobox-title-white,.mt20,.mtb20{margin-top:20px}.mb20,.mtb20{margin-bottom:20px}.mtlrb20{margin:20px}.ml30,.mlr30{margin-left:30px}.mlr30,.mr30{margin-right:30px}.mt30,.mtb30{margin-top:30px}.mb30,.mtb30{margin-bottom:30px}.mtlrb30{margin:30px}.ml40,.mlr40{margin-left:40px}.mlr40,.mr40{margin-right:40px}.mt40,.mtb40{margin-top:40px}.mb40,.mtb40{margin-bottom:40px}.mtlrb40{margin:40px}.ptlrb0{padding:0}.pl2,.plr2{padding-left:2px}.plr2,.pr2{padding-right:2px}.pt2,.ptb2{padding-top:2px}.pb2,.ptb2{padding-bottom:2px}.ptlrb2{padding:2px}.pl5,.plr5{padding-left:5px}.plr5,.pr5,.sortlist>*{padding-right:5px}.pt5,.ptb5{padding-top:5px}.pb5,.ptb5{padding-bottom:5px}.ptlrb5{padding:5px}.pl10,.plr10{padding-left:10px}.plr10,.pr10{padding-right:10px}.pt10,.ptb10{padding-top:10px}.pb10,.ptb10{padding-bottom:10px}.ptlrb10,.scroll-button-choice,.scroll-button-start{padding:10px}.pl20,.plr20{padding-left:20px}.plr20,.pr20{padding-right:20px}.menubar-sticky+.content,.pt20,.ptb20{padding-top:20px}.pb20,.ptb20{padding-bottom:20px}.ptlrb20{padding:20px}.fs-9{font-size:9px}.bm-tabs li,.fs-11,.tabs li{font-size:11px}.fs-13,.infobox-bib-go,.infobox-go,.infobox-int-go{font-size:13px}.fs-15{font-size:15px}.fs-19{font-size:19px}.fs-21{font-size:21px}.fs-23{font-size:23px}.fs-25{font-size:25px}.fs-27{font-size:27px}.fs-29{font-size:29px}.fs-31{font-size:31px}.fs-35{font-size:35px}.small-caps{font-variant:all-small-caps}.bold{font-weight:800}.normal{font-weight:400}.popupDiv-item,.popupDiv-title{font-weight:700;cursor:pointer}.bidi{direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:bidi-override}.c-4{border-radius:4px}.c-10,.round-10{border-radius:10px}.al-white{border:1px solid #fff}.al-dashed{border:1px dashed #dadada}.ll-none,.lrl-none{border-left:0}.lrl-none,.rl-none{border-right:0}.al-none,.infobox-content-nolines{border:0}.tl-none{border-top:0}.bl-none{border-bottom:0}.ll-medium,.lrl-medium{border-left:1px solid #deac27}.al-medium,.nav-button{border:1px solid #deac27}.lrl-medium,.rl-medium{border-right:1px solid #deac27}.tl-medium{border-top:1px solid #deac27}.bl-medium{border-bottom:1px solid #deac27}.ll-dark,.lrl-dark{border-left:1px solid #6b6b6b}.lrl-dark,.rl-dark{border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b}.al-dark{border:1px solid #6b6b6b}.tl-dark{border-top:1px solid #6b6b6b}.bl-dark{border-bottom:1px solid #6b6b6b}.ll-light,.lrl-light{border-left:1px solid #dadada}.lrl-light,.rl-light{border-right:1px solid #dadada}.al-light{border:1px solid #dadada}.tl-light,.tl-lightgrey{border-top:1px solid #dadada}.bl-light{border-bottom:1px solid #dadada}.bg-medium{background-color:#deac27}.bg-dark{background-color:#6b6b6b}.bg-light,.word-highlight{background-color:#dadada}.bg-lightest{background-color:#f7f7f7}#navigation a.current,.bg-white{background-color:#fff}.bg-black{background-color:#000}.bg-emphasis{background-color:#c85335}#navigation a.head:hover,.breadcrumb-trail a:hover,.fg-medium,.header-dotorg,.strongs,.verse-highlight{color:#deac27}.fg-dark,.lowlight,.title{color:#6b6b6b}.fg-light{color:#dadada}.fg-white,.footer-links a:hover,.menubar-items-selected{color:#fff}.fg-black{color:#000}.chosen,.red{color:#FF0000;}.emphasis,.fg-emphasis,.jumplist a:hover,.jumplist2 a:hover,.jumplist3>span:hover,.jumplist4>a:hover,.resourcebox-content-frame a:hover,.sortlist span:hover{color:#c85335}.text-shadow{text-shadow:2px 2px 5px #000}.flexbox{display:flex}.column{flex-direction:column}.column-reverse{flex-direction:column-reverse}.row{flex-direction:row}.row-reverse{flex-direction:row-reverse}.wrap{flex-wrap:wrap}.nowrap{flex-wrap:nowrap}.jc-start{justify-content:flex-start}.jc-end{justify-content:flex-end}.jc-center{justify-content:center}.jc-between{justify-content:space-between}.ai-center{align-items:center}.ai-baseline{align-items:baseline}.as-center{align-self:center}.as-start{align-self:flex-start}.flex{flex:1 1 auto}.overlayMaster{position:absolute;z-index:999888001;top:0;left:0;background-color:rgba(10,10,10,.86)}.popupDiv{position:absolute;background-color:#fff;color:#000;font-size:17px}.popupDiv-title{position:relative;height:45px;padding:5px 10px;font-size:19px;background-color:#deac27;color:#fff;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.popupDiv-title-closer,.popupDiv-title-prev{font-size:35px;color:#6b6b6b}.popupDiv-container{width:auto;font-size:15px;overflow:hidden;display:block;margin:5px;padding:0 10px 5px;display:grid;grid-template-rows:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(60px,1fr));gap:5px}.popupDiv-container-book,.popupDiv-container-chapter,.popupDiv-container-verse{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(60px,1fr))}.popupDiv-container-commentary,.popupDiv-container-section{grid-template-columns:1fr}.popupDiv-item{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;padding:17px 13px;border:0;margin:5px}.popupDiv-item:hover{background-color:#deac27;color:#6b6b6b}.popupDiv-ot+.popupDiv-nt{grid-column-start:1}.sliderLeft,.sliderRight{position:fixed;width:30px;background-color:#000;opacity:.15;border-radius:100px;z-index:10}.sliderLeft{left:-15px}.sliderRight{right:-15px}.sliderDiv,.sliderDiv-com{display:none;z-index:150;background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;font-size:17px;font-weight:800;position:fixed;height:140px;width:150px;border-radius:20px}.bm-tabs li,.tabs li{font-weight:700;color:#222}.sliderDiv-com{width:250px;height:190px}.sliderInfo{height:100%;padding:20px 0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.lectionary-box-title{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#deac27;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;padding:2px 6px;text-align:left}.lectionary-box-content{border-bottom:1px solid #dadada;border-left:1px solid #dadada;border-right:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:10px;text-align:center}.box-wide,.searchbox-wide{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;background-color:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #dadada}.box-narrow,.searchbox-narrow{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-color:#fff;margin-bottom:20px}.box-title,.main-searchbox-title{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#deac27;font-size:17px;text-transform:capitalize;font-weight:800;padding:5px;text-align:left}.box-content{font-size:13px;border:1px solid #dadada;border-top:0;padding:5px}.box-content-alphabet-list{margin:10px 0 20px;display:grid;grid-template-rows:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(30px,1fr));grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(30px,1fr));gap:5px;font-size:21px;font-weight:800;text-align:center}.box-content-entry-title,.searchbox-prev-entry-title{font-weight:800;font-size:19px;margin-bottom:5px}.box-content-entry-prev-next{padding:10px 5px 5px;margin-top:5px;text-align:center;border-top:1px solid #dadada}.box-go{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;width:45px;height:40px;padding:0 5px;cursor:pointer;margin:2px}.box-content-search,.box-search{border-left:1px solid #dadada;border-right:1px solid #dadada}.box-content-search{width:100%;font-size:13px;padding:5px;text-align:center}.box-search{background-color:#f7f7f7;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;border-bottom:1px solid #dadada;padding:2px}.box-search-input-div,.searchbox-search-input-div{width:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;margin-right:5px}.box-search-input{font-size:17px;width:70%;height:40px;flex:1 1 auto;border:1px solid #dadada;padding:0 2px}.box-search-go,.searchbox-go,.searchbox-search-input-div-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;height:40px;padding:0 5px;width:45px}.box-search-go{border:1px solid #6b6b6b;cursor:pointer}.searchbox-search-input-div-button{border:1px solid #6b6b6b;border-radius:0;font-size:13px}.searchbox-go{cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;margin:2px}.main-searchbox{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-color:#fff;font-size:13px}.main-readbox-content,.main-readstudy-content,.main-searchbox-choices,.main-searchbox-content{background-color:#f7f7f7;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;border:1px solid #dadada;border-top:0;padding:2px}.main-readbox-content-rows{background-color:#f7f7f7;display:grid;grid-template-rows:1fr 1fr;height:100%;border:1px solid #dadada;border-top:0;padding:5px}.main-searchbox-input{margin:2px;font-size:17px;height:40px;border:1px solid #dadada;padding:2px 5px;color:#000}.main-searchbox-go{cursor:pointer;background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;border-radius:0;width:45px;height:40px;padding:0 5px;margin:2px}.main-searchbox-args{background-color:#f7f7f7;cursor:pointer;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding:2px;min-height:50px;text-align:center}.infobox,.tabs li{background-color:#fff}.infobox-lex-range,.main-searchbox-book,.main-searchbox-chapter,.main-searchbox-language,.main-searchbox-section,.main-searchbox-translation{margin:2px;border:1px solid #dadada;height:40px;padding:2px;color:#000}.infobox{margin-bottom:20px}.infobox-title,.searchbox-title{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#deac27;font-size:17px;font-weight:800;padding:2px 6px;text-align:left}.infobox-content,.infobox-content-alt,.infobox-content-nolines{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;font-size:13px;border-left:1px solid #dadada;border-right:1px solid #dadada;border-bottom:1px solid #dadada;padding:5px 10px}.infobox-content-alt{align-items:center;padding:10px}.infobox-content a{color:#6b6b6b;Margin-left:15px}.infobox-content a:before,.resourcebox-content-frame a:before{content:"";border-style:solid;border-width:4px 0 4px 6px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #6b6b6b;width:0;height:0;display:block;float:left;margin-left:-12px;margin-top:8px}.infobox-content-toon,.jumplist4,.resourcebox-content-frame{border-bottom:1px solid #dadada}.infobox-content-toon{display:flex;flex-direction:row;font-size:13px;border-left:1px solid #dadada;border-right:1px solid #dadada;padding:5px}.infobox-input{font-size:17px;height:40px;border:1px solid #dadada;margin-right:5px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px 5px;color:#000}.infobox-bib-book,.infobox-bib-chapter,.infobox-bib-language,.infobox-bib-translation,.infobox-int-book,.infobox-int-chapter,.infobox-int-language,.infobox-lex-range{border:1px solid #dadada;margin-right:5px;margin-top:5px;height:40px;padding:2px;color:#000}.searchbox-content-alt{width:100%;padding:5px 0;font-size:13px;margin-left:-10px;text-align:left}.bm-tabs li,.jumplist2,.jumplist4,.tabs li{text-align:center}.searchbox-content-alphabet{margin:10px 0 20px;padding:10px;display:grid;grid-template-rows:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(30px,1fr));grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(45px,1fr));gap:5px;text-align:center}.searchbox-prev-next-entry{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1px 1fr;grid-column-gap:5px;padding:10px 0}.menubar-items-extras,.total-center{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.tabs{margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap}.tabs li{flex:1 1 25%;height:35px;padding:5px;cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #d3d3d3;border-radius:0 0 10px 10px}.bm-tabs li:first-of-type,.tabs li:first-of-type{border-left:1px solid #d3d3d3}.tabs li.current{border-top:1px solid #f7f7f7;background:#f7f7f7;color:#222}.bm-tabs{margin:0;padding:5px 5px 0;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;background:#f7f7f7;column-gap:2px}.bm-tabs li{height:30px;flex-grow:1;flex-shrink:1;line-height:100%;padding:8px 10px 4px;background-color:#f7f7f7;cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #d3d3d3;border-bottom:0;border-radius:10px 10px 0 0}.jumplist2>span,.jumplist3,.jumplist4,.jumplist>span,.sortlist{font-weight:800}.bm-tabs li.current{border:1px solid #6b6b6b;border-top:0;background:#6b6b6b;color:#fff}.sortlist{float:right;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:10px 10px 0}.sortlist span:first-of-type{color:#c85335;margin-right:5px}.jumplist{color:#6b6b6b;margin:10px 10px 0;padding:10px 2px;line-height:24px}.jumplist>span{color:#deac27;padding-right:5px}.jumplist a,.jumplist2 a{display:inline;color:#6b6b6b;margin:0 5px}.jumplist2{font-size:13px;line-height:20px;margin:20px}.jumplist2>span{color:#c85335;padding-right:10px}.jumplist3{font-size:15px}.jumplist3>i{font-weight:400;margin-right:5px}.footer-links a,.jumplist3>span,.jumplist4>a{margin:0 5px}.jumplist4{color:#6b6b6b;border-top:1px solid #dadada;font-size:19px;padding:20px 10px}.subtitle{margin-top:-20px;color:#deac27}.subtitle-black{margin:2px 25px}.alphabet-div,.alphabet-div-big{margin-top:20px;font-weight:800}.additional-resources li{line-height:20px;list-style-type:square;font-size:13px;margin:2px 5px 5px 23px}.additional-resources li a,.resource-box p a{color:#561649}.resource-box{padding-top:20px;font-size:13px}.resource-box p{text-indent:-5px;margin-left:25px;margin-top:-10px}.resource-box p:before{content:'';display:inline-block;width:5px;height:5px;margin:0 10px 2px -10px;border-radius:50%;background-color:#6b6b6b}.floating-resources{border-left:20px solid #fff;background-color:#fff;float:right;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.resourcebox{margin-bottom:10px;width:100%;padding-top:5px;background-color:#fff}.infobox-title-white{color:#6b6b6b;font-size:19px;font-weight:800;padding:2px 0;text-align:left}.resourcebox-title-dark{color:#deac27;background-color:#6b6b6b;font-size:17px;font-weight:800;padding:2px 5px;text-align:left}.alphabet-div-big,.attention,.footer,.menubar-items,.question{text-align:center}.resourcebox-content{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;font-size:13px}.resourcebox-content-frame{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;padding:5px 10px;font-size:13px}.resourcebox-go{cursor:pointer;background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;border-radius:0;width:85px;height:40px;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px}.resourcebox-input{font-size:17px;width:225px;height:40px;border:1px solid #dadada;padding:0 5px}.resourcebox-content-frame a{color:#6b6b6b;font-size:15px;margin-left:15px}.alphabet-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center}.alphabet-div a{width:20px;max-width:20px;flex:1 1 auto}.alphabet-div-big a{margin:10px;font-size:21px;line-height:41px}#navigation{margin:0;font-size:15px;padding:0;text-indent:0;border:1px solid #dadada;border-top:0}#navigation a.head{font-size:15px;cursor:pointer;background-color:#dadada;background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhCQAJAPABAAAAAAAAACH5BAUAAAEALAAAAAAJAAkAAAIQTGCZgGrcFIxvSuhwpsuFAgA7);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-position:10px;color:#6b6b6b;display:block;font-weight:700;margin:0;padding:3px 3px 3px 10px;text-indent:14px;border-top:1px solid #deac27}#navigation a.selected{background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhCQAJAPABAAAAAAAAACH5BAUAAAEALAAAAAAJAAkAAAINjI95wN3hnolJVoVzKAA7)}#navigation ul{border-width:0;background-color:#fff;margin:5px 0 0 10px;padding:0;text-indent:0}.attention,.content{border-bottom:1px solid #dadada;border-top:1px solid #dadada}.container-overall{z-index:2;background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAABpCAMAAADMbLmMAAAABGdBTUEAALGPC/xhBQAAAAFzUkdCAK7OHOkAAAAGUExURWtra96sJ+U+LrwAAAACdFJOU4CAoKjWUwAAAA9JREFUCNdjYBhEgJEaEAAFmwAkl0EZlQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==) repeat-x #fff}.footer,.header{background-color:#6b6b6b;max-width:80em}.header{margin:0 auto;position:relative;min-width:20em}.header-logo{padding-left:5px;background-image:url(data:image/png;base64,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);background-size:7.45em;height:4.4em;background-position:left;background-repeat:no-repeat}.header-logo-text{position:absolute;top:.27em;left:.68em;font-weight:700;font-size:2.91em;color:#fff}.header-tagline{position:absolute;float:right;top:47px;right:10px;color:#fff;font-size:13px;letter-spacing:1px;text-transform:uppercase}.header-yellow-eye::after{content:".";position:relative;top:-.65em;left:-.24em;color:#deac27;margin-right:-.2em}@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5){.header-yellow-eye::after{left:-.27em}}@media only screen and (min-device-width: 768px){.scroll-indicator{bottom:155px;}}.menubar-titles{color:#6b6b6b;font-weight:700;padding:3px 5px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between}.menubar-items-spacer-right{border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b;padding:5px 0}.menubar-items-spacer-left{border-right:0;padding:5px 0}.menubar-items{font-size:13px;padding-top:7px;width:100%}.menubar-items:hover{color:#f7f7f7}.sign-in-sign-up{float:right;position:relative;top:10px;right:10px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;justify-content:flex-end;color:#deac27;font-weight:800}.adzone-horz-text,.adzone-vert-text{color:#6b6b6b;font-size:9px;font-weight:800;text-transform:uppercase}.adzone-bottom,.adzone-top{padding:10px 0;min-height:7.5em;min-width:20em;max-width:80em}.adzone-vert-text{writing-mode:vertical-lr;margin-right:2px}.attention{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-evenly;align-items:center;margin-bottom:20px;padding:10px 0;font-size:15px}.attention .attention-text{font-size:31px;font-weight:800;color:#c85335}.attention .attention-info{inline-size:60%;margin:0 30px}.question{font-weight:800;font-size:33px;color:#c85335;cursor:pointer}.icon{display:inline;margin-left:5px}.icon-menu{float:left;margin-left:10px}.icon-close{float:right;display:none}.fundraising{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;margin:20px 0;padding-bottom:20px}.fundraising-title{font-size:21px;margin:20px 0;font-weight:800}.content{margin:0 auto;line-height:1.5em;position:relative;padding:20px;min-height:1880px;min-width:22.5em;max-width:80em}.footer{margin:0 auto 50px;color:#fff;min-width:360px}.footer-links,.menubar{background-color:#deac27}.footer-links{padding:10px;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:17px}.footer-report{font-size:13px;padding:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #deac27}.footer-copyright{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding:15px 5px;font-size:11px}.arrow-nav-down{display:inline-block;vertical-align:text-top;margin:5px 0 0 5px;width:0;height:0;border-left:6px solid transparent;border-right:6px solid transparent;border-top:8px solid #6b6b6b}.menubar{height:35px;box-shadow:0 8px 8px -2px rgba(0,0,0,.25);z-index:155;cursor:pointer}.menubar-sticky{position:fixed;top:0;width:100%;max-width:80em;z-index:100}.breadcrumb-trail{font-size:20px;margin:20px 0;line-height:30px;padding:0 2px}.breadcrumb-trail a{margin:0 5px;padding:0 2px;display:inline}.biblio,.copyright{font-size:13px;padding-top:10px;margin-top:10px}.biblio-title,.copyright-title{color:#6b6b6b;font-weight:800;font-size:19px}.highlight{color:#deac27;font-weight:800}.verse-emphasis{margin:0 40px;padding:0 20px}.word-parts span{padding:5px;display:block}#commentary-description-action,.h-30{height:30px}@media print{@page{margin:2.3625em}.qr-code{display:block}.adsfree-client-hide,.attention,.grecaptcha-badge,.header .header-logo .sign-in-sign-up,.icon-signout,.menubar,.non-member,.poll,.resourcebox,.sign-in-sign-up .sign-up{display:none!important}}@media only screen and (orientation:landscape){.sliderLeft,.sliderRight{display:none}}@media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:373px){.adzone-bottom,.adzone-top{margin:0 1.875em;min-width:20em}.adzone-column{min-height:12.5em;width:inherit}}@media only screen and (min-width:374px) and (max-width:423px){.adzone-bottom,.adzone-top{min-width:23.375em;width:inherit}}@media only screen and (min-width:424px) and (max-width:767px){.adzone-bottom,.adzone-top{min-width:26.5em;width:inherit}}@media only screen and (max-width:768px) and (orientation:portrait),only screen and (max-width:932px) and (orientation:landscape){.adzone-column,.adzone-column-box,.adzone-horz-text,.arrow-nav-down,.attention,.daily-dose,.desktop,.header-tagline,.lectionary-box,.non-member,.poll,.qr-code,.sign-up{display:none}.mobile,mobile{display:inline}}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.adzone-column{min-height:auto;width:inherit}.adzone-column-box,.adzone-horz-text,.arrow-nav-down,.attention,.daily-dose,.desktop,.header-tagline,.lectionary-box,.non-member,.poll,.qr-code,.sign-up{display:none}.mobile,mobile{display:inline}.container-overall{background-size:0}.footer{margin-bottom:0}.content{min-height:auto;padding-left:30px;padding-right:1.875em}.main-searchbox-choices #t1,.main-searchbox-choices #t2,.main-searchbox-input{flex:1 1 30%}.main-searchbox-choices #t3{flex:1 1 65%}.main-searchbox-section{flex:1 1 5%}.main-searchbox-args{height:4.375em}.infobox-content{flex-wrap:wrap}.infobox-bib-book,.infobox-bib-chapter,.infobox-bib-language,.infobox-int-book,.infobox-int-language{flex:1 1 11%}.infobox-int-chapter{flex:1 1 45%}.infobox-bib-translation{flex:1 1 25%}.infobox-input{flex:1 1 35%}.resource-indent{margin:.125em .9375em}#commentary-description-action{width:50%}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1023px){.searchbox-choices{padding:0 5px 5px;flex-wrap:wrap}.searchbox-choices .search-section{flex:1 1 30%}.searchbox-choices .search-translation{flex:1 1 40%}.searchbox-choices .read-book,.searchbox-choices .read-chapter,.searchbox-choices .read-language{flex:1 1 30%;margin-right:5px}.searchbox-choices .read-translation{flex:1 1 40%;max-width:50%}}@media only screen and (max-width:1099px){.attention,.poll{display:none}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.mobile,mobile{display:none}.adzone-bottom,.adzone-top,.content,.footer,.header{width:100%;min-height:105px;border-left:1px solid #dadada;border-right:1px solid #dadada}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){#amp_floatingAdDiv,.adzone-column,.adzone-horz-text,.daily-dose,.mobile,.poll,.qr-code,mobile{display:none}.desktop,desktop{display:inline}.adzone-bottom,.adzone-top,.content{border-left:1px solid #dadada;border-right:1px solid #dadada}.adzone-column{float:right;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;background-color:#fff;border-left:1px solid #dadada;padding:0 0 1.25em 1.25em;margin-left:20px}.adzone-column-video{padding-bottom:20px;margin-top:10px;min-height:16.875em;width:25em}.adzone-bottom,.adzone-top,.content,.footer,.header,.menubar{min-width:48em;margin:auto}.main-searchbox-section{flex:0 0 20%}.infobox-content{flex-wrap:wrap}.infobox-bib-book,.infobox-bib-chapter,.infobox-bib-language,.infobox-input,.infobox-int-book,.infobox-int-chapter,.infobox-int-language{flex:1 1 35%}.infobox-bib-translation{flex:1 1 50%}}.search-button,.search-button2{border:1px solid #6b6b6b;padding:0 5px;color:#fff;font-size:13px;background-color:#6b6b6b}@media only screen and (max-width:899px){.right-column{min-width:300px}.sd-results-verse-data{height:inherit}.desktop,desktop{display:none}.mobile,mobile{display:inline}}.left-side{text-align:left}.right-side{text-align:right}.abs-center{width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center}.brackets,.nobreak{white-space:nowrap}.vcenter{display:inline-block;line-height:1.7;vertical-align:middle}.clear-both{clear:both}.editor{cursor:help}#pmLink,.bible_footnote,.pointer,.versenum{cursor:pointer}#pmLink,.hide-it{visibility:hidden}.bullet-none{list-style-type:none}.bullet-circle{list-style-type:circle}.bullet-square{list-style-type:square}.search-button{border-radius:0;width:35px;height:30px}.search-button2{border-radius:0}.search-button-go{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;border-radius:0;padding:0 10px;font-size:13px;width:50px;height:40px}.hanging-checkbox{float:left;margin-left:-20px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:3px}.lex-info{margin:3px 0}.lex-info-def{margin:2px 2px 0}.lex-info-tabs{margin:0 2px 5px}.lex-info-title,.search-box-title{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#deac27;font-size:15px;font-weight:800;padding:2px 6px;text-align:left}.lex-info-subtitle{background-color:#dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-weight:800;padding:2px 6px}.lex-info-content,.search-box-content{font-size:13px;padding:8px;border:1px solid #dadada;border-top:0}.lex-info-content-sidelines{font-size:13px;padding:2px;background-color:#f7f7f7;border-left:1px solid #dadada;border-right:1px solid #dadada}.lex-overall-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.main-info{display:grid;grid-template-columns:40% 60%;margin:2px}.date-selector-dow,.date-selector-item{font-weight:700;padding:7px;border:0;margin:4px;text-align:center}.main-info>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between}.date-selector-dow{flex-grow:1;flex-shrink:1;flex-basis:0}.date-selector-item{flex:3 4 0}.lex-content-no-border,.lex-header{border-right:1px solid #fff}.bible-content{margin:0 20px;min-height:300px}.versenum{font-size:23px;font-weight:800;color:#deac27;vertical-align:-3px;margin-left:10px;margin-right:3px;line-height:23px}.bcc-poetry,.nas-poetry1,.nas-poetry2,.scv-indent{margin-left:1em;padding-left:2.6em;margin-bottom:1em;position:relative}.interlinear{text-decoration-color:#6b6b6b}.fg-unread,.woj{color:red}.uppercase{text-transform:uppercase}.fg-read{color:green}.bg-read{background-color:green}.bg-unread{background-color:red}.fg-toread{color:#d3d3d3}.bg-toread{background-color:#d3d3d3}.bcc-poetry,.nas-poetry1,.scv-indent{margin-top:1em}.nas-poetry2{margin-top:-1em}.poetry p .versenum{display:inline-block;position:relative;left:5px}.poetry p .versenum-alt{display:contents;position:relative;left:5px}.no-margin{margin:20px 0 0}.extra-title{margin-top:-15px}.com-footnote,.crossref,.footnote,.verseref{cursor:pointer;color:#c85335;font-style:italic;margin-left:3px;margin-right:3px;font-size:11px}.poetry{margin-left:45px}.poetry .versenum{margin-left:5px;margin-right:3px}.next,.previous{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff}.round-05{border-radius:5px}.round-15{border-radius:15px}.round-20{border-radius:20px}.round-perfect{border-radius:50%}.divider{padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #dadada}.lex-header,.lex-header-no-border{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#deac27;padding:3px 3px 3px 5px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700}.lh-20{line-height:20px}.lh-30{line-height:30px}.lh-40{line-height:40px}.lh-50{line-height:50px}.wp-10{width:10%}.wp-15{width:15%}.wp-20{width:20%}.wp-25{width:25%}.wp-30{width:30%}.wp-40{width:40%}.wp-45{width:45%}.wp-50{width:50%}.wp-75{width:74%}.wp-80{width:80%}.wp-90{width:90%}.wp-95{width:95%}.wp-100{width:100%}.w-20{width:20px}.w-30{width:30px}.w-40{width:40px}.w-50{width:50px}.w-70{width:70px}.w-100{width:100px}.w-120{width:120px}.w-150{width:150px}.w-175{width:175px}.w-200{width:190px}.w-250{width:250px}.w-275{width:275px}.w-300{width:300px}.w-350{width:350px}.w-400{width:390px}.w-450{width:450px}.w-500{width:490px}.w-600{width:600px}.mw-850{max-width:850px}.h-20{height:20px}.h-25{height:25px}.h-35{height:35px}.h-40{height:40px}.h-45{height:45px}.h-50{height:50px}.h-55{height:55px}.h-60{height:60px}.h-70{height:70px}.h-150{height:150px}.h-200{height:200px}.h-250{height:250px}.h-350{height:350px}.h-500{height:500px}.h-600{height:600px}.h-auto{height:auto}.hp-50{height:50%}.mh-250{min-height:250px}.bracket-left:before{content:"[ ";color:#deac27}.bracket-right:after{content:" ]";color:#deac27}.divider-right:after{content:" | ";color:#deac27}.lex-content-no-border{padding:5px 5px 20px 20px}.lex-content{padding:5px 5px 20px 20px;border-right:1px solid #deac27}.pointer{width:100px;height:30px;margin-left:10px;position:relative;background:#6b6b6b;font-size:15px;color:#fff;padding:6px;border-radius:0 3px 3px 0;text-align:center;font-weight:700}.pointer:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:-13px;bottom:0;width:0;height:0;border-right:11px solid #6b6b6b;border-top:15px solid transparent;border-bottom:15px solid transparent}.nav-button{padding:10px;position:fixed;line-height:normal;border-radius:25px;width:45px;height:45px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,.9);z-index:60}.button-next,.button-open-close,.button-preferences,.button-prev,.button-up{position:fixed;right:40px;z-index:70}.bottom-right-side{bottom:80px;right:30px}.scroll-button,.scroll-button-speed{font-size:15px;font-weight:700;bottom:80px;width:170px;line-height:normal;background-color:#fff;position:fixed;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);border:1px solid #deac27;border-radius:25px}.scroll-button{height:45px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,.9)}.scroll-button-start{width:110px}.scroll-button-speed div{padding:10px 0}.no-show{display:none!important}.no-width{margin:0;width:0}.block,.show{display:block!important}.inline{display:inline!important}.inline-block{display:inline-block!important}.float-left{float:left}.float-right{float:right}.hidden,.lock-screen,body.noscroll,html.noscroll{overflow:hidden}.scroll-div{overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto}.absolute{position:absolute}.oh-container,.relative{position:relative}.opaque-it{opacity:.2}.disable-it{pointer-events:none}.oh-container{margin-left:1em;padding-left:1.6em;display:block}.bible_footnote{font-size:11px;vertical-align:top}.clearfix::after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#pmLink{font-size:inherit;text-transform:lowercase;background:inherit;border:none}#pmLink:hover{color:#fff}[id=studylight_leaderboard_atf],[id=studylight_leaderboard_bottom],[id=studylight_siderail_right_1],[id=studylight_siderail_right_2],[id=studylight_siderail_right_3],[id=studylight_siderail_right_4],[id=studylight_siderail_right_5]{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;min-height:calc(var(--height) + var(--fsAddBuffer));width:100%}[id=studylight_leaderboard_atf],[id=studylight_leaderboard_bottom]{--height:100px}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){[id=studylight_leaderboard_atf]{--height:90px}[id=studylight_leaderboard_bottom],[id=studylight_siderail_right_1],[id=studylight_siderail_right_2],[id=studylight_siderail_right_3],[id=studylight_siderail_right_4],[id=studylight_siderail_right_5]{--height:280px}}@media only screen and (min-width:970px){[id=studylight_leaderboard_atf]{--height:90px}[id=studylight_leaderboard_bottom]{--height:280px}} .cal-dates-days:hover,.navigator-boxes:hover{background-color:#deac27}.cal-main-container>div:not(:last-of-type){margin-bottom:30px}.cal{padding:2px;border:1px solid #deac27}.cal-header{padding:5px;background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:21px}.cal-days,.cal-dow{font-size:15px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(7,1fr);grid-column-gap:3px}.cal-days{grid-auto-flow:row}.cal-dates-days,.cal-dates-dows{font-weight:700;padding:7px;border:0;margin:3px;text-align:center}.cal-dates-dows{background-color:#dadada;color:#6b6b6b}.cal-dates-days{border:1px solid #dadada;cursor:pointer}.cal-dates-days:hover{color:#6b6b6b}.navigator-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);gap:5px}.navigator-boxes{border:1px solid #6b6b6b;cursor:pointer;color:#fff;padding:5px;text-align:center}.annals-group,.annals-item-text{margin-left:20px;padding-left:20px}.annals-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.annals-group{margin-top:20px}.annals-item-title{margin-left:20px;margin-bottom:20px;font-weight:700;color:#deac27;font-size:19px}.annals-item-text{padding-bottom:10px}.author-image{font-size:9px;border:1px solid #dadada;float:right;margin:20px 0 10px 10px;padding:5px}.return-to-top-div-noline,.return-to-top-div:last-child,.return-to-top-div:not(:last-child){margin-top:10px;padding-bottom:5px;text-align:right;width:100%}.return-to-top-div:not(:last-child){border-bottom:1px solid #dadada}.return-to-top-link{position:relative;font-size:17px}.return-to-top-link:before{position:absolute;left:-15px;top:7px;content:"\A";border-style:solid;border-width:5px 10px 5px 0;border-color:transparent #deac27 transparent transparent;transform:rotate(90deg)}#tooltip{cursor:pointer;width:320px;border:1px solid #666193;margin-top:4px;font-size:13px;background-color:#fff;color:#000;border-radius:5px}#tooltip .refTitle{border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;padding:2px 4px;font-weight:700;background-color:#c85335;color:#fff}#tooltip .refBody{padding:4px;border-radius:0 0 5px 5px;background-color:#fff}#tooltip .refMore{padding:2px 10px;text-align:right;font-style:italic}#tooltip #ttimg.top{margin-top:-17px;margin-left:2px}#tooltip #ttimg.bottom{bottom:0;margin-bottom:-12px;margin-left:2px}.sidenoteLNK{padding:0 .3em}.tich-entry{border-bottom:1px solid #dadada;margin-bottom:10px;width:100%}.tich-date{color:#deac27;float:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:15px;font-size:60px;font-style:italic;font-weight:800;margin-right:20px}.tich-text{min-height:75px;font-size:15px;padding:20px 20px 20px 48px}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.infobox-content{flex-wrap:wrap}.infobox-bib-book,.infobox-bib-chapter,.infobox-bib-language,.infobox-int-book,.infobox-int-language{flex:1 1 11%}.infobox-int-chapter{flex:1 1 45%}.infobox-bib-translation{width:30%;flex:1 1 25%}.infobox-input{width:35%;flex:1 1 35%}.floating-resources{width:185px}.usser-list{list-style-position:inside;padding-left:0}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.floating-resources{width:200px}.infobox-content{flex-wrap:wrap}.infobox-bib-book,.infobox-bib-chapter,.infobox-bib-language,.infobox-int-book,.infobox-int-chapter,.infobox-int-language{flex:1 1 35%}.infobox-bib-translation{width:30%;flex:1 1 50%}.infobox-input{width:35%;flex:1 1 35%}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.floating-resources{width:220px}.infobox-content{flex-wrap:wrap}.infobox-bib-book,.infobox-bib-chapter,.infobox-bib-language{flex:1 1 10%}.infobox-int-book,.infobox-int-chapter,.infobox-int-language{flex:1 1 25%}.infobox-bib-translation{width:30%;flex:1 1 25%}.infobox-input{width:50%;flex:1 1 60%}}html.os-html,html.os-html>.os-host{display:block;overflow:hidden;box-sizing:border-box;height:100%!important;width:100%!important;min-width:100%!important;min-height:100%!important;margin:0!important;position:absolute!important}html.os-html>.os-host>.os-padding{position:absolute}body.os-dragging,body.os-dragging *{cursor:default}.os-host,.os-host-textarea{position:relative;overflow:visible!important;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;align-content:flex-start;align-items:flex-start}.os-host-flexbox{overflow:hidden!important;display:flex}.os-host-flexbox>.os-padding>.os-viewport>.os-content{display:flex}.os-host-flexbox>.os-size-auto-observer{height:inherit!important}.os-host-flexbox>.os-content-glue{flex-grow:1;flex-shrink:0}.os-host-flexbox>.os-size-auto-observer,.os-host-flexbox>.os-content-glue{min-height:0;min-width:0;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:1;flex-basis:auto}#hs-dummy-scrollbar-size{position:fixed;opacity:0;-ms-filter:'progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity=0)';visibility:hidden;overflow:scroll;height:500px;width:500px}#hs-dummy-scrollbar-size,.os-viewport{-ms-overflow-style:scrollbar!important}.os-viewport-native-scrollbars-invisible#hs-dummy-scrollbar-size::-webkit-scrollbar,.os-viewport-native-scrollbars-invisible.os-viewport::-webkit-scrollbar,.os-viewport-native-scrollbars-invisible#hs-dummy-scrollbar-size::-webkit-scrollbar-corner,.os-viewport-native-scrollbars-invisible.os-viewport::-webkit-scrollbar-corner{display:none!important;width:0px!important;height:0px!important;visibility:hidden!important;background:transparent!important}.os-content-glue{max-height:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%;pointer-events:none}.os-padding{direction:inherit;position:absolute;overflow:visible;padding:0;margin:0;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;right:0;width:auto!important;height:auto!important;z-index:1}.os-host-overflow>.os-padding{overflow:hidden}.os-viewport{direction:inherit!important;box-sizing:inherit!important;resize:none!important;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;padding:0;margin:0;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.os-content-arrange{position:absolute;z-index:-1;min-height:1px;min-width:1px;pointer-events:none}.os-content{direction:inherit;box-sizing:border-box!important;position:relative;display:block;height:100%;width:100%;height:100%;width:100%;visibility:visible}.os-content>.os-textarea{direction:inherit!important;float:none!important;margin:0!important;max-height:none!important;max-width:none!important;border:none!important;border-radius:0px!important;background:transparent!important;outline:0 none transparent!important;overflow:hidden!important;resize:none!important;position:absolute!important;top:0!important;left:0!important;z-index:1;padding:0}.os-host-rtl>.os-padding>.os-viewport>.os-content>.os-textarea{right:0!important}.os-content>.os-textarea-cover{z-index:-1;pointer-events:none}.os-content>.os-textarea[wrap='off']{white-space:pre!important;margin:0px!important}.os-text-inherit{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;text-transform:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;text-indent:inherit;text-align:inherit;text-shadow:inherit;text-overflow:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;word-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;unicode-bidi:inherit;direction:inherit;color:inherit;cursor:text}.os-resize-observer,.os-resize-observer-host{box-sizing:inherit;display:block;opacity:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:100%;width:100%;overflow:hidden;pointer-events:none;z-index:-1}.os-resize-observer-host{padding:inherit;border:inherit;border-color:transparent;border-style:solid;box-sizing:border-box}.os-resize-observer-host:after{content:''}.os-resize-observer-host>.os-resize-observer,.os-resize-observer-host:after{height:200%;width:200%;padding:inherit;border:inherit;margin:0;display:block;box-sizing:content-box}.os-resize-observer.observed,object.os-resize-observer{box-sizing:border-box!important}.os-size-auto-observer{box-sizing:inherit!important;height:100%;width:inherit;max-width:1px;position:relative;float:left;max-height:1px;overflow:hidden;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0;pointer-events:none;flex-grow:inherit;flex-shrink:0;flex-basis:0%}.os-size-auto-observer>.os-resize-observer{width:1000%;height:1000%;min-height:1px;min-width:1px}.os-resize-observer-item{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;overflow:hidden;z-index:-1;opacity:0;direction:ltr!important;-webkit-box-flex:0!important;-ms-flex:none!important;flex:none!important}.os-resize-observer-item-final{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;-webkit-transition:none!important;transition:none!important;-webkit-box-flex:0!important;-ms-flex:none!important;flex:none!important}.os-resize-observer{-webkit-animation-duration:0.001s;animation-duration:0.001s;-webkit-animation-name:hs-resize-observer-dummy-animation;animation-name:hs-resize-observer-dummy-animation}.os-host-transition>.os-scrollbar,.os-host-transition>.os-scrollbar-corner{-webkit-transition:opacity 0.3s,visibility 0.3s,top 0.3s,right 0.3s,bottom 0.3s,left 0.3s;transition:opacity 0.3s,visibility 0.3s,top 0.3s,right 0.3s,bottom 0.3s,left 0.3s}html.os-html>.os-host>.os-scrollbar{position:absolute;z-index:999999}.os-scrollbar,.os-scrollbar-corner{position:absolute;opacity:1;-ms-filter:'progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity=100)';z-index:1}.os-scrollbar-corner{bottom:0;right:0}.os-scrollbar{pointer-events:none}.os-scrollbar-track{pointer-events:auto;position:relative;height:100%;width:100%;padding:0!important;border:none!important}.os-scrollbar-handle{pointer-events:auto;position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%}.os-scrollbar-handle-off,.os-scrollbar-track-off{pointer-events:none}.os-scrollbar.os-scrollbar-unusable,.os-scrollbar.os-scrollbar-unusable *{pointer-events:none!important}.os-scrollbar.os-scrollbar-unusable .os-scrollbar-handle{opacity:0!important}.os-scrollbar-horizontal{bottom:0;left:0}.os-scrollbar-vertical{top:0;right:0}.os-host-rtl>.os-scrollbar-horizontal{right:0}.os-host-rtl>.os-scrollbar-vertical{right:auto;left:0}.os-host-rtl>.os-scrollbar-corner{right:auto;left:0}.os-scrollbar-auto-hidden,.os-padding + .os-scrollbar-corner,.os-host-resize-disabled.os-host-scrollbar-horizontal-hidden>.os-scrollbar-corner,.os-host-scrollbar-horizontal-hidden>.os-scrollbar-horizontal,.os-host-resize-disabled.os-host-scrollbar-vertical-hidden>.os-scrollbar-corner,.os-host-scrollbar-vertical-hidden>.os-scrollbar-vertical,.os-scrollbar-horizontal.os-scrollbar-auto-hidden + .os-scrollbar-vertical + .os-scrollbar-corner,.os-scrollbar-horizontal + .os-scrollbar-vertical.os-scrollbar-auto-hidden + .os-scrollbar-corner,.os-scrollbar-horizontal.os-scrollbar-auto-hidden + .os-scrollbar-vertical.os-scrollbar-auto-hidden + .os-scrollbar-corner{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none}.os-scrollbar-corner-resize-both{cursor:nwse-resize}.os-host-rtl>.os-scrollbar-corner-resize-both{cursor:nesw-resize}.os-scrollbar-corner-resize-horizontal{cursor:ew-resize}.os-scrollbar-corner-resize-vertical{cursor:ns-resize}.os-dragging .os-scrollbar-corner.os-scrollbar-corner-resize{cursor:default}.os-host-resize-disabled.os-host-scrollbar-horizontal-hidden>.os-scrollbar-vertical{top:0;bottom:0}.os-host-resize-disabled.os-host-scrollbar-vertical-hidden>.os-scrollbar-horizontal,.os-host-rtl.os-host-resize-disabled.os-host-scrollbar-vertical-hidden>.os-scrollbar-horizontal{right:0;left:0}.os-scrollbar:hover,.os-scrollbar-corner.os-scrollbar-corner-resize{opacity:1!important;visibility:visible!important}.os-scrollbar-corner.os-scrollbar-corner-resize{background-image:url(data:image\\/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiIHN0YW5kYWxvbmU9Im5vIj8+PHN2ZyAgIHhtbG5zOmRjPSJodHRwOi8vcHVybC5vcmcvZGMvZWxlbWVudHMvMS4xLyIgICB4bWxuczpjYz0iaHR0cDovL2NyZWF0aXZlY29tbW9ucy5vcmcvbnMjIiAgIHhtbG5zOnJkZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS8wMi8yMi1yZGYtc3ludGF4LW5zIyIgICB4bWxuczpzdmc9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiAgIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgICB3aWR0aD0iMTAiICAgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMCIgICB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiPiAgPGcgICAgIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDAsLTEwNDIuMzYyMikiICAgICBzdHlsZT0iZGlzcGxheTppbmxpbmUiPiAgICA8cGF0aCAgICAgICBzdHlsZT0iZmlsbDojMDAwMDAwO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eTowLjQ5NDExNzY1O2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTpub25lIiAgICAgICBkPSJtIDcuNDI0MjE4NywxMDQyLjM2MjIgYyAtMC43MjM1NzkyLDAgLTEuMzEwMTU2MiwwLjU4NjYgLTEuMzEwMTU2MiwxLjMxMDIgMCwwLjI5OSAwLjEwNDM0MTksMC41NzEgMC4yNzI5NDkyLDAuNzkxNSAwLjIwOTEwMjQsMC4xNDEzIDAuNDY1NjIwNiwwLjIxODQgMC43MzY5NjI5LDAuMjE4NCAwLjcyMzU3OTMsMCAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTAuNTg2NiAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTEuMzEwMiAwLC0wLjI3MTMgLTAuMDc3MDkzLC0wLjUyNzggLTAuMjE4MzU5NCwtMC43MzcgLTAuMjIwNDk0MSwtMC4xNjg2IC0wLjQ5MjU0NDMsLTAuMjcyOSAtMC43OTE1NTI4LC0wLjI3MjkgeiBtIDAsMy4wODQzIGMgLTAuNzIzNTc5MiwwIC0xLjMxMDE1NjIsMC41ODY2IC0xLjMxMDE1NjIsMS4zMTAyIDAsMC4yOTkgMC4xMDQzNDE5LDAuNTcxIDAuMjcyOTQ5MiwwLjc5MTUgMC4yMDkxMDI0LDAuMTQxMyAwLjQ2NTYyMDYsMC4yMTg0IDAuNzM2OTYyOSwwLjIxODQgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0wLjU4NjYgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0xLjMxMDIgMCwtMC4yNzEzIC0wLjA3NzA5MywtMC41Mjc4IC0wLjIxODM1OTQsLTAuNzM2OSAtMC4yMjA0OTQxLC0wLjE2ODYgLTAuNDkyNTQ0MywtMC4yNzMgLTAuNzkxNTUyOCwtMC4yNzMgeiBtIC0zLjA4NDMyNjEsMCBjIC0wLjcyMzU3OTMsMCAtMS4zMTAxNTYzLDAuNTg2NiAtMS4zMTAxNTYzLDEuMzEwMiAwLDAuMjk5IDAuMTA0MzQxOSwwLjU3MSAwLjI3Mjk0OTIsMC43OTE1IDAuMjA5MTAyNCwwLjE0MTMgMC40NjU2MjA3LDAuMjE4NCAwLjczNjk2MjksMC4yMTg0IDAuNzIzNTc5MywwIDEuMzEwMTU2MywtMC41ODY2IDEuMzEwMTU2MywtMS4zMTAyIDAsLTAuMjcxMyAtMC4wNzcwOTMsLTAuNTI3OCAtMC4yMTgzNTk0LC0wLjczNjkgLTAuMjIwNDk0LC0wLjE2ODYgLTAuNDkyNTQ0MiwtMC4yNzMgLTAuNzkxNTUyNywtMC4yNzMgeiBtIC0zLjAyOTczNjQsMy4wMjk4IEMgMC41ODY1NzY5MywxMDQ4LjQ3NjMgMCwxMDQ5LjA2MjggMCwxMDQ5Ljc4NjQgYyAwLDAuMjk5IDAuMTA0MzQxOSwwLjU3MTEgMC4yNzI5NDkyMiwwLjc5MTYgMC4yMDkxMDIyOSwwLjE0MTIgMC40NjU2MjA2NSwwLjIxODMgMC43MzY5NjI4OCwwLjIxODMgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0wLjU4NjUgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0xLjMxMDEgMCwtMC4yNzE0IC0wLjA3NzA5MywtMC41Mjc5IC0wLjIxODM1OTQsLTAuNzM3IC0wLjIyMDQ5NDEsLTAuMTY4NiAtMC40OTI1NDQzLC0wLjI3MjkgLTAuNzkxNTUyOCwtMC4yNzI5IHogbSAzLjAyOTczNjQsMCBjIC0wLjcyMzU3OTMsMCAtMS4zMTAxNTYzLDAuNTg2NSAtMS4zMTAxNTYzLDEuMzEwMSAwLDAuMjk5IDAuMTA0MzQxOSwwLjU3MTEgMC4yNzI5NDkyLDAuNzkxNiAwLjIwOTEwMjQsMC4xNDEyIDAuNDY1NjIwNywwLjIxODMgMC43MzY5NjI5LDAuMjE4MyAwLjcyMzU3OTMsMCAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTAuNTg2NSAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTEuMzEwMSAwLC0wLjI3MTQgLTAuMDc3MDkzLC0wLjUyNzkgLTAuMjE4MzU5NCwtMC43MzcgLTAuMjIwNDk0LC0wLjE2ODYgLTAuNDkyNTQ0MiwtMC4yNzI5IC0wLjc5MTU1MjcsLTAuMjcyOSB6IG0gMy4wODQzMjYxLDAgYyAtMC43MjM1NzkyLDAgLTEuMzEwMTU2MiwwLjU4NjUgLTEuMzEwMTU2MiwxLjMxMDEgMCwwLjI5OSAwLjEwNDM0MTksMC41NzExIDAuMjcyOTQ5MiwwLjc5MTYgMC4yMDkxMDI0LDAuMTQxMiAwLjQ2NTYyMDYsMC4yMTgzIDAuNzM2OTYyOSwwLjIxODMgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0wLjU4NjUgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0xLjMxMDEgMCwtMC4yNzE0IC0wLjA3NzA5MywtMC41Mjc5IC0wLjIxODM1OTQsLTAuNzM3IC0wLjIyMDQ5NDEsLTAuMTY4NiAtMC40OTI1NDQzLC0wLjI3MjkgLTAuNzkxNTUyOCwtMC4yNzI5IHoiLz4gIDwvZz4gIDxnICAgICBzdHlsZT0iZGlzcGxheTppbmxpbmUiPiAgICA8cGF0aCAgICAgICBzdHlsZT0iZmlsbDojZmZmZmZmO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTpub25lIiAgICAgICBkPSJtIDguMjE1NzcxNSwwLjI3Mjk0OTIyIGMgMC4xNDEyNjY3LDAuMjA5MTAyMjkgMC4yMTgzNTk0LDAuNDY1NjIwNjUgMC4yMTgzNTk0LDAuNzM2OTYyODggMCwwLjcyMzU3OTMgLTAuNTg2NTc3LDEuMzEwMTU2MyAtMS4zMTAxNTYzLDEuMzEwMTU2MyAtMC4yNzEzNDIzLDAgLTAuNTI3ODYwNSwtMC4wNzcwOTMgLTAuNzM2OTYyOSwtMC4yMTgzNTk0IDAuMjM5NDEwNCwwLjMxMzA4NTkgMC42MTI2MzYyLDAuNTE4NjAzNSAxLjAzNzIwNywwLjUxODYwMzUgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0wLjU4NjU3NyAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTEuMzEwMTU2MyAwLC0wLjQyNDU3MDc2IC0wLjIwNTUxNzYsLTAuNzk3Nzk2NTkgLTAuNTE4NjAzNSwtMS4wMzcyMDY5OCB6IG0gMCwzLjA4NDMyNjE4IGMgMC4xNDEyNjY3LDAuMjA5MTAyMyAwLjIxODM1OTQsMC40NjU2MjA2IDAuMjE4MzU5NCwwLjczNjk2MjkgMCwwLjcyMzU3OTMgLTAuNTg2NTc3LDEuMzEwMTU2MiAtMS4zMTAxNTYzLDEuMzEwMTU2MiAtMC4yNzEzNDIzLDAgLTAuNTI3ODYwNSwtMC4wNzcwOTMgLTAuNzM2OTYyOSwtMC4yMTgzNTkzIDAuMjM5NDEwNCwwLjMxMzA4NTkgMC42MTI2MzYyLDAuNTE4NjAzNSAxLjAzNzIwNywwLjUxODYwMzUgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0wLjU4NjU3NyAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTEuMzEwMTU2MyAwLC0wLjQyNDU3MDggLTAuMjA1NTE3NiwtMC43OTc3OTY3IC0wLjUxODYwMzUsLTEuMDM3MjA3IHogbSAtMy4wODQzMjYyLDAgYyAwLjE0MTI2NjcsMC4yMDkxMDIzIDAuMjE4MzU5NCwwLjQ2NTYyMDYgMC4yMTgzNTk0LDAuNzM2OTYyOSAwLDAuNzIzNTc5MyAtMC41ODY1NzcsMS4zMTAxNTYyIC0xLjMxMDE1NjMsMS4zMTAxNTYyIC0wLjI3MTM0MjIsMCAtMC41Mjc4NjA1LC0wLjA3NzA5MyAtMC43MzY5NjI5LC0wLjIxODM1OTMgMC4yMzk0MTA0LDAuMzEzMDg1OSAwLjYxMjYzNjMsMC41MTg2MDM1IDEuMDM3MjA3MSwwLjUxODYwMzUgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYyLC0wLjU4NjU3NyAxLjMxMDE1NjIsLTEuMzEwMTU2MyAwLC0wLjQyNDU3MDggLTAuMjA1NTE3NSwtMC43OTc3OTY3IC0wLjUxODYwMzUsLTEuMDM3MjA3IHogTSAyLjEwMTcwOSw2LjM4NzAxMTcgYyAwLjE0MTI2NjcsMC4yMDkxMDI0IDAuMjE4MzU5NCwwLjQ2NTYyMDYgMC4yMTgzNTk0LDAuNzM2OTYyOSAwLDAuNzIzNTc5MyAtMC41ODY1NzcsMS4zMTAxNTYzIC0xLjMxMDE1NjMsMS4zMTAxNTYzIC0wLjI3MTM0MjIzLDAgLTAuNTI3ODYwNTksLTAuMDc3MDkzIC0wLjczNjk2Mjg4LC0wLjIxODM1OTQgMC4yMzk0MTAzOSwwLjMxMzA4NTkgMC42MTI2MzYyMiwwLjUxODYwMzUgMS4wMzcyMDY5OCwwLjUxODYwMzUgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0wLjU4NjU3NyAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTEuMzEwMTU2MyAwLC0wLjQyNDU3MDggLTAuMjA1NTE3NiwtMC43OTc3OTY2IC0wLjUxODYwMzUsLTEuMDM3MjA3IHogbSAzLjAyOTczNjMsMCBjIDAuMTQxMjY2NywwLjIwOTEwMjQgMC4yMTgzNTk0LDAuNDY1NjIwNiAwLjIxODM1OTQsMC43MzY5NjI5IDAsMC43MjM1NzkzIC0wLjU4NjU3NywxLjMxMDE1NjMgLTEuMzEwMTU2MywxLjMxMDE1NjMgLTAuMjcxMzQyMiwwIC0wLjUyNzg2MDUsLTAuMDc3MDkzIC0wLjczNjk2MjksLTAuMjE4MzU5NCAwLjIzOTQxMDQsMC4zMTMwODU5IDAuNjEyNjM2MywwLjUxODYwMzUgMS4wMzcyMDcxLDAuNTE4NjAzNSAwLjcyMzU3OTMsMCAxLjMxMDE1NjIsLTAuNTg2NTc3IDEuMzEwMTU2MiwtMS4zMTAxNTYzIDAsLTAuNDI0NTcwOCAtMC4yMDU1MTc1LC0wLjc5Nzc5NjYgLTAuNTE4NjAzNSwtMS4wMzcyMDcgeiBtIDMuMDg0MzI2MiwwIGMgMC4xNDEyNjY3LDAuMjA5MTAyNCAwLjIxODM1OTQsMC40NjU2MjA2IDAuMjE4MzU5NCwwLjczNjk2MjkgMCwwLjcyMzU3OTMgLTAuNTg2NTc3LDEuMzEwMTU2MyAtMS4zMTAxNTYzLDEuMzEwMTU2MyAtMC4yNzEzNDIzLDAgLTAuNTI3ODYwNSwtMC4wNzcwOTMgLTAuNzM2OTYyOSwtMC4yMTgzNTk0IDAuMjM5NDEwNCwwLjMxMzA4NTkgMC42MTI2MzYyLDAuNTE4NjAzNSAxLjAzNzIwNywwLjUxODYwMzUgMC43MjM1NzkzLDAgMS4zMTAxNTYzLC0wLjU4NjU3NyAxLjMxMDE1NjMsLTEuMzEwMTU2MyAwLC0wLjQyNDU3MDggLTAuMjA1NTE3NiwtMC43OTc3OTY2IC0wLjUxODYwMzUsLTEuMDM3MjA3IHoiIC8+ICA8L2c+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:100% 100%;pointer-events:auto!important}.os-host-rtl>.os-scrollbar-corner.os-scrollbar-corner-resize{-webkit-transform:scale(-1,1);transform:scale(-1,1)}.os-host-overflow{overflow:hidden!important}@-webkit-keyframes hs-resize-observer-dummy-animation{from{z-index:0}to{z-index:-1}}@keyframes hs-resize-observer-dummy-animation{from{z-index:0}to{z-index:-1}}.os-theme-none>.os-scrollbar-horizontal,.os-theme-none>.os-scrollbar-vertical,.os-theme-none>.os-scrollbar-corner{display:none!important}.os-theme-none>.os-scrollbar-corner-resize{display:block!important;min-width:10px;min-height:10px}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-horizontal,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-horizontal{right:10px;height:10px}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-vertical,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-vertical{bottom:10px;width:10px}.os-theme-dark.os-host-rtl>.os-scrollbar-horizontal,.os-theme-light.os-host-rtl>.os-scrollbar-horizontal{left:10px;right:0}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-corner,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-corner{height:10px;width:10px}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-corner,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-corner{background-color:transparent}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar{padding:2px;box-sizing:border-box;background:transparent}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar.os-scrollbar-unusable,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar.os-scrollbar-unusable{background:transparent}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track{background:transparent}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-horizontal>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-horizontal>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle{min-width:30px}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-vertical>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-vertical>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle{min-height:30px}.os-theme-dark.os-host-transition>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle,.os-theme-light.os-host-transition>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.3s;transition:background-color 0.3s}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle,.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track{border-radius:10px}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle{background:rgba(107,107,107,.4)}.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle{background:rgba(222,172,39,.4)}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar:hover>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle{background:rgba(107,107,107,.55)}.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar:hover>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle{background:rgba(222,172,39,.55)}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle.active{background:rgba(107,107,107,.7)}.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar>.os-scrollbar-track>.os-scrollbar-handle.active{background:rgba(222,172,39,.7)}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-horizontal .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-horizontal .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;display:block}.os-theme-dark.os-host-scrollbar-horizontal-hidden>.os-scrollbar-horizontal .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-dark.os-host-scrollbar-vertical-hidden>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-light.os-host-scrollbar-horizontal-hidden>.os-scrollbar-horizontal .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-light.os-host-scrollbar-vertical-hidden>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before{display:none}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-horizontal .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-horizontal .os-scrollbar-handle:before{top:-6px;bottom:-2px}.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before{left:-6px;right:-2px}.os-host-rtl.os-theme-dark>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before,.os-host-rtl.os-theme-light>.os-scrollbar-vertical .os-scrollbar-handle:before{right:-6px;left:-2px} </style> <script type="application/ld+json" defer>{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"WebSite","url":"https://www.studylight.org/","potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https://www.studylight.org/desk/?q1={search_term_string}&t1=en_nas","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}}</script>  </head> <body onload=""> <span id="TopofPage"></span>  <div class="container-overall">  <div class="header">  <div class="header-logo"> <span class="header-logo-text"><a class="fg-white" href="/">StudyL<span class="header-yellow-eye">ı</span>ght</a><span class="header-dotorg">.org</span></span> <span class="header-tagline">Plug in, Turn on and Be En<span class="header-dotorg">light</span>ened!</span> <div class="sign-in-sign-up"><span class="non-member">Not Yet a Member?   </span><span class="sign-up"><a href="/site-resources/signup.html">Click to Sign Up Now!</a>   </span><span id="icon-signin" class="icon-signin"><svg width="22px" height="22px" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><path d="M21.5,0h-14c-1.656,0-3,1.344-3,3v5h2V3c0-0.552,0.449-1,1-1h14c0.551,0,1,0.448,1,1v20 c0,0.552-0.449,1-1,1h-14c-0.551,0-1-0.448-1-1v-5h-2v5c0,1.656,1.344,3,3,3h14c1.656,0,3-1.344,3-3V3C24.5,1.344,23.156,0,21.5,0z " fill="#deac27"/><path d="M9.5,19.5c0,0-1,0.281-1-1c0-0.29,0-1.257,0-2.5h-6c-0.552,0-1-0.449-1-1v-4c0-0.551,0.448-1,1-1h6 c0-1.196,0-2.155,0-2.531c0-1.344,1-0.969,1-0.969L17,13L9.5,19.5z" fill="#deac27"/></svg></span></div> </div>   <div class="menubar" style="overflow:hidden"> <div class="menubar-titles"> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-left"></div>   <div class="menubar-items" data-title="tools"><span class="desktop">Bible Study </span>Tools <span onclick="javascript:location.href='/bible-study-tools.html'" title="Bible Study Tools" class="arrow-nav-down"></span></div> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-right"></div> <div class="menubar-items" data-title="lang">Lang<span class="desktop">uage Tools</span> <span onclick="javascript:location.href='/original-language-tools.html'" title="Language Tools" class="arrow-nav-down"></span></div> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-right"></div> <div class="menubar-items" data-title="lib" style="display:none"></span><span class="desktop"> Study </span>Lib<span class="desktop"> rary</span> <span onclick="javascript:location.href='/study-library.html'" title="Study Library" class="arrow-nav-down"></span></div> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-right" style="display:none"></div> <div class="menubar-items" data-title="hist"></span>Hist<span class="desktop">orical Writings</span> <span onclick="javascript:location.href='/historical-writings.html'" title="Historical Writings" class="arrow-nav-down"></span></div> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-right"></div> <div class="menubar-items" data-title="pas"></span>Pas<span class="desktop">toral Resources</span> <span onclick="javascript:location.href='/pastoral-resources.html'" title="Pastoral Resources" class="arrow-nav-down"></span></div> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-right"></div> <div class="menubar-items" data-title="per"></span>Per<span class="desktop">sonal Resources</span> <span onclick="javascript:location.href='/personal-resources.html'" title="Personal Resources" class="arrow-nav-down"></span></div> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-right"></div> <div class="menubar-items" data-title="site"></span>Site<span class="desktop"> Resources</span> <span onclick="javascript:location.href='/site-resources.html'" title="Site Resources" class="arrow-nav-down"></span></div> <div class="menubar-items-spacer-right"></div> <div class="menubar-items-extras"> <svg width="22px" height="22px" viewBox="131 -131 512 512"><polygon points="265,-131 265,381 387,301.6 509,381 509,-131" fill="#deac27"></svg> <a href="/site-resources/preferences.html" class="icon icon-preferences mr5" aria-label="Preferences"><svg width="27px" height="27px" viewBox="131 -131 512 425"><path d="M370.7,126.4c0-18.6-6.5-35.3-19.5-48.3s-29.7-19.5-48.3-19.5s-35.3,6.5-48.3,19.5 c-13,13-20.4,29.7-20.4,48.3s6.5,35.3,19.5,48.3s29.7,19.5,48.3,19.5c18.6,0,35.3-6.5,48.3-19.5C364.2,160.8,370.7,145,370.7,126.4 z M575.2-10.2c0-9.3-3.7-17.7-10.2-24.2 s-14.9-10.2-24.2-10.2s-17.7,3.7-24.2,10.2s-10.2,14.9-10.2,24.2s3.7,17.7,10.2,24.2s14.9,10.2,24.2,10.2S558.5,20.5,565,14 S575.2-0.9,575.2-10.2z M473,102.2v49.2c0,1.9-0.9,3.7-1.9,5.6c-0.9,1.9-2.8,2.8-4.6,2.8l-40.9,6.5c-1.9,6.5-4.6,13-8.4,20.4 c5.6,8.4,13.9,18.6,24.2,30.7c0.9,1.9,1.9,3.7,1.9,5.6s-0.9,3.7-1.9,4.6c-3.7,5.6-11.2,13-22.3,24.2 c-10.2,10.2-17.7,15.8-20.4,15.8c-1.9,0-3.7-0.9-5.6-1.9l-30.7-24.2c-6.5,3.7-13,6.5-20.4,8.4c-1.9,19.5-3.7,32.5-6.5,40.9 c-0.9,4.6-3.7,6.5-8.4,6.5h-49.2c-1.9,0-3.7-0.9-5.6-1.9c-1.9-0.9-2.8-2.8-2.8-4.6l-6.5-40.9c-5.6-1.9-13-4.6-19.5-8.4l-31.6,23.2 c-0.9,0.9-2.8,1.9-5.6,1.9c-1.9,0-3.7-0.9-5.6-1.9c-26-23.2-38.1-38.1-38.1-42.7c0-1.9,0.9-3.7,1.9-4.6c1.9-2.8,5.6-7.4,11.2-13.9 c5.6-6.5,9.3-12.1,12.1-15.8c-3.7-7.4-7.4-14.9-9.3-21.4l-40.9-6.5c-1.9,0-3.7-0.9-4.6-2.8c-0.9-1.9-1.9-2.8-1.9-5.6v-49.2 c0-1.9,0.9-3.7,1.9-5.6c0.9-1.9,2.8-2.8,4.6-2.8l40.9-6.5c1.9-6.5,4.6-13,8.4-20.4c-5.6-8.4-13.9-18.6-24.2-30.7 c-0.9-1.9-1.9-3.7-1.9-5.6c0-1.9,0.9-3.7,1.9-5.6c3.7-5.6,11.2-13,21.4-23.2S201.8-14,205.5-14c1.9,0,3.7,0.9,5.6,1.9l30.7,24.2 c5.6-2.8,13-5.6,20.4-8.4c1.9-19.5,3.7-32.5,6.5-40.9c0.9-4.6,3.7-6.5,8.4-6.5h49.2c1.9,0,3.7,0.9,5.6,1.9c1.9,1,2.8,2.8,2.8,4.6 l6.5,40.9c5.6,1.9,13,4.6,19.5,8.4l31.6-23.2c1.9-0.9,2.8-1.9,5.6-1.9c1.9,0,3.7,0.9,5.6,1.9c26,23.2,38.1,38.1,38.1,42.7 c0,1.9-0.9,3.7-1.9,4.6c-1.9,2.8-5.6,7.4-11.2,13.9s-9.3,12.1-12.1,15.8c3.7,8.4,7.4,15.8,9.3,21.4l40.9,6.5c1.9,0,3.7,0.9,4.6,2.8 C472,98.5,473,100.4,473,102.2z M643-28.8V8.4c0,2.8-13,5.6-40,8.4c-1.9,4.6-4.6,9.3-8.4,13.9c9.3,20.4,13.9,32.5,13.9,37.2 c0,0.9,0,0.9-0.9,1.9c-21.4,13-32.5,18.6-33.5,18.6c-1.9,0-5.6-3.7-12.1-12.1c-6.5-8.4-11.2-13.9-13.9-17.7c-3.7,0-6.5,0.9-8.4,0.9 s-4.6,0-8.4-0.9c-2.8,3.7-7.4,10.2-13.9,17.7c-6.5,8.4-11.2,12.1-12.1,12.1c0,0-11.2-6.5-33.5-18.6c-0.9-0.9-0.9-0.9-0.9-1.9 c0-4.6,4.6-16.7,13.9-37.2c-2.8-4.6-5.6-9.3-8.4-13.9c-26-2.8-40-5.6-40-8.4v-37.2c0-2.8,13-5.6,40-8.4c1.9-5.6,4.6-10.2,8.4-13.9 c-9.3-20.4-13.9-32.5-13.9-37.2c0-0.9,0-0.9,0.9-1.9c0.9,0,3.7-1.9,9.3-5.6c5.6-2.8,11.2-6.5,15.8-9.3s7.4-4.6,8.4-4.6 c1.9,0,5.6,3.7,12.1,12.1c6.5,8.4,11.2,13.9,13.9,17.7c3.7,0,6.5-0.9,8.4-0.9c1.9,0,4.6,0,8.4,0.9c9.3-13,17.7-22.3,24.2-29.7 l1.9-0.9c0.9,0,12.1,6.5,33.5,18.6c0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,1.9c0,4.6-4.6,16.7-13.9,37.2c2.8,3.7,5.6,8.4,8.4,13.9 C630-34.4,643-31.6,643-28.8z" fill="#6b6b6b"></svg></a> </div> </div> </div>  </div>   <div class="adsfree-client-hide adzone-top">  <div align="center" data-freestar-ad="__320x100 __336x280" id="studylight_leaderboard_atf"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber")!=="1"){freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({placementName:"studylight_leaderboard_atf",slotId:"studylight_leaderboard_atf"});}</script> </div> <script>"use strict"; function _typeof(t) { return (_typeof = "function" == typeof Symbol && "symbol" == typeof Symbol.iterator ? function (t) { return typeof t } : function (t) { return t && "function" == typeof Symbol && t.constructor === Symbol && t !== Symbol.prototype ? "symbol" : typeof t })(t) } !function () { var t = function () { var t, e, o = [], n = window, r = n; for (; r;) { try { if (r.frames.__tcfapiLocator) { t = r; break } } catch (t) { } if (r === n.top) break; r = r.parent } t || (!function t() { var e = n.document, o = !!n.frames.__tcfapiLocator; if (!o) if (e.body) { var r = e.createElement("iframe"); r.style.cssText = "display:none", r.name = "__tcfapiLocator", e.body.appendChild(r) } else setTimeout(t, 5); return !o }(), n.__tcfapi = function () { for (var t = arguments.length, n = new Array(t), r = 0; r < t; r++)n[r] = arguments[r]; if (!n.length) return o; "setGdprApplies" === n[0] ? n.length > 3 && 2 === parseInt(n[1], 10) && "boolean" == typeof n[3] && (e = n[3], "function" == typeof n[2] && n[2]("set", !0)) : "ping" === n[0] ? "function" == typeof n[2] && n[2]({ gdprApplies: e, cmpLoaded: !1, cmpStatus: "stub" }) : o.push(n) }, n.addEventListener("message", (function (t) { var e = "string" == typeof t.data, o = {}; if (e) try { o = JSON.parse(t.data) } catch (t) { } else o = t.data; var n = "object" === _typeof(o) && null !== o ? o.__tcfapiCall : null; n && window.__tcfapi(n.command, n.version, (function (o, r) { var a = { __tcfapiReturn: { returnValue: o, success: r, callId: n.callId } }; t && t.source && t.source.postMessage && t.source.postMessage(e ? JSON.stringify(a) : a, "*") }), n.parameter) }), !1)) }; "undefined" != typeof module ? module.exports = t : t() }(); </script>  <script>(function () { var e = false; var c = window; var t = document; function r() { if (!c.frames["__uspapiLocator"]) { if (t.body) { var a = t.body; var e = t.createElement("iframe"); e.style.cssText = "display:none"; e.name = "__uspapiLocator"; a.appendChild(e) } else { setTimeout(r, 5) } } } r(); function p() { var a = arguments; __uspapi.a = __uspapi.a || []; if (!a.length) { return __uspapi.a } else if (a[0] === "ping") { a[2]({ gdprAppliesGlobally: e, cmpLoaded: false }, true) } else { __uspapi.a.push([].slice.apply(a)) } } function l(t) { var r = typeof t.data === "string"; try { var a = r ? JSON.parse(t.data) : t.data; if (a.__cmpCall) { var n = a.__cmpCall; c.__uspapi(n.command, n.parameter, function (a, e) { var c = { __cmpReturn: { returnValue: a, success: e, callId: n.callId } }; t.source.postMessage(r ? JSON.stringify(c) : c, "*") }) } } catch (a) { } } if (typeof __uspapi !== "function") { c.__uspapi = p; __uspapi.msgHandler = l; c.addEventListener("message", l, false) } })(); </script>  <script>window.__gpp_addFrame=function(e){if(!window.frames[e])if(document.body){var t=document.createElement("iframe");t.style.cssText="display:none",t.name=e,document.body.appendChild(t)}else window.setTimeout(window.__gpp_addFrame,10,e)},window.__gpp_stub=function(){var e=arguments;if(__gpp.queue=__gpp.queue||[],__gpp.events=__gpp.events||[],!e.length||1==e.length&&"queue"==e[0])return __gpp.queue;if(1==e.length&&"events"==e[0])return __gpp.events;var t=e[0],p=e.length>1?e[1]:null,s=e.length>2?e[2]:null;if("ping"===t)p({gppVersion:"1.1",cmpStatus:"stub",cmpDisplayStatus:"hidden",signalStatus:"not ready",supportedAPIs:["2:tcfeuv2","5:tcfcav1","6:uspv1","7:usnatv1","8:uscav1","9:usvav1","10:uscov1","11:usutv1","12:usctv1"],cmpId:0,sectionList:[],applicableSections:[],gppString:"",parsedSections:{}},!0);else if("addEventListener"===t){"lastId"in __gpp||(__gpp.lastId=0),__gpp.lastId++;var n=__gpp.lastId;__gpp.events.push({id:n,callback:p,parameter:s}),p({eventName:"listenerRegistered",listenerId:n,data:!0,pingData:{gppVersion:"1.1",cmpStatus:"stub",cmpDisplayStatus:"hidden",signalStatus:"not ready",supportedAPIs:["2:tcfeuv2","5:tcfcav1","6:uspv1","7:usnatv1","8:uscav1","9:usvav1","10:uscov1","11:usutv1","12:usctv1"],cmpId:0,sectionList:[],applicableSections:[],gppString:"",parsedSections:{}}},!0)}else if("removeEventListener"===t){for(var a=!1,i=0;i<__gpp.events.length;i++)if(__gpp.events[i].id==s){__gpp.events.splice(i,1),a=!0;break}p({eventName:"listenerRemoved",listenerId:s,data:a,pingData:{gppVersion:"1.1",cmpStatus:"stub",cmpDisplayStatus:"hidden",signalStatus:"not ready",supportedAPIs:["2:tcfeuv2","5:tcfcav1","6:uspv1","7:usnatv1","8:uscav1","9:usvav1","10:uscov1","11:usutv1","12:usctv1"],cmpId:0,sectionList:[],applicableSections:[],gppString:"",parsedSections:{}}},!0)}else"hasSection"===t?p(!1,!0):"getSection"===t||"getField"===t?p(null,!0):__gpp.queue.push([].slice.apply(e))},window.__gpp_msghandler=function(e){var t="string"==typeof e.data;try{var p=t?JSON.parse(e.data):e.data}catch(e){p=null}if("object"==typeof p&&null!==p&&"__gppCall"in p){var s=p.__gppCall;window.__gpp(s.command,(function(p,n){var a={__gppReturn:{returnValue:p,success:n,callId:s.callId}};e.source.postMessage(t?JSON.stringify(a):a,"*")}),"parameter"in s?s.parameter:null,"version"in s?s.version:"1.1")}},"__gpp"in window&&"function"==typeof window.__gpp||(window.__gpp=window.__gpp_stub,window.addEventListener("message",window.__gpp_msghandler,!1),window.__gpp_addFrame("__gppLocator")); </script><script> window._sp_queue = []; window._sp_ = { config: { accountId: 1638, baseEndpoint: "https://cdn.privacy-mgmt.com", usnat: {includeUspApi: true,}, gdpr: {}, events: { onMessageChoiceSelect: function () {console.log("[event] onMessageChoiceSelect", arguments);}, onMessageReady: function () {console.log("[event] onMessageReady", arguments);}, onMessageChoiceError: function () {console.log("[event] onMessageChoiceError", arguments);}, onPrivacyManagerAction: function () {console.log("[event] onPrivacyManagerAction", arguments);}, onPMCancel: function () {console.log("[event] onPMCancel", arguments);}, onMessageReceiveData: function () {console.log("[event] onMessageReceiveData", arguments);}, onSPPMObjectReady: function () {console.log("[event] onSPPMObjectReady", arguments);}, /* Function required for resurfacing links */ onConsentReady: function (message_type, uuid, string, info) { if (message_type == "usnat" && info.applies) { /* code to insert the GPP footer link */ document.getElementById("pmLink").style.visibility = "visible"; document.getElementById("pmLink").innerHTML = "Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information"; document.getElementById("pmLink").onclick = function () { /* Set GPP ID */ window._sp_.usnat.loadPrivacyManagerModal("1035372"); }; } if (message_type == "gdpr" && info.applies) { /* code to insert the GDPR footer link */ document.getElementById("pmLink").style.visibility = "visible"; document.getElementById("pmLink").innerHTML = "Privacy Preferences"; document.getElementById("pmLink").onclick = function () { /* Set GDPR ID */ window._sp_.gdpr.loadPrivacyManagerModal("899033"); }; } }, onError: function () {console.log("[event] onError", arguments);}, }, }, }; </script> <script src="https://cdn.privacy-mgmt.com/unified/wrapperMessagingWithoutDetection.js" async></script> </div>   <div class="content"> <div class="adsfree-client-hide adzone-column"> <div class="lectionary-box"> <div class="lectionary-box-title">Lectionary Calendar</div> <div class="lectionary-box-content">Monday, February 17th, 2025<br />the <i>Sixth</i> Week after Epiphany</div> </div> <div class="adzone-column-box"><span class="advertisement-horz-text">advertisement</span> <div align="center" data-freestar-ad="__336x280" id="studylight_siderail_right_1"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber")!=="1"){freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({placementName:"studylight_siderail_right_1",slotId:"studylight_siderail_right_1"});}</script> </div></div> <div class="adzone-column-box"><span class="advertisement-horz-text">advertisement</span> <div align="center" data-freestar-ad="__336x280" id="studylight_siderail_right_2"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber")!=="1"){freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({placementName:"studylight_siderail_right_2",slotId:"studylight_siderail_right_2"});}</script> </div></div> <div class="adzone-column-box"><span class="advertisement-horz-text">advertisement</span> <div align="center" data-freestar-ad="__336x280" id="studylight_siderail_right_3"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber")!=="1"){freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({placementName:"studylight_siderail_right_3",slotId:"studylight_siderail_right_3"});}</script> </div></div> </div> <div class="adsfree-client-hide"><div class="attention"> <div class="attention-text">Attention!</div> <div class="attention-info">For 10¢ a day you can enjoy StudyLight.org ads<br />free while helping to build churches and support pastors in Uganda.<br /><a href="/uganda-mission.html" class="fg-mustard clickable">Click here to learn more!</a></div> </div></div><div class="breadcrumb-trail"><a href="/">Home</a> » <a href="/historical-writings.html">Historical Writings</a> » <a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini.html">A.D. (Anno Domini)</a> » <a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim.html">Writings of Alfred Edersheim</a></div> <h1>Historical Writings</h1><h2 class="fg-dark">A.D. (Anno Domini)</h2><h3 class="extra-title fg-medium">Writings of Alfred Edersheim</h3><p class="fs-19 mt10 ptb0 fg-dark bold">The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah</p><div> This six volume work covers all aspects of the life of the greatest man that ever lived. Edersheim not only looks at the person but the environment in which he lived.</div><div align="center" id="jumpList" class="fg-dark fs-15 mlr10 mt40 mb20"><ol class="jumplist"><span class="fg-medium bold pr5">Available Books: </span><a href="#book-1">Book 1</a> • <a href="#book-2">Book 2</a> • <a href="#book-3">Book 3</a> • <a href="#book-4">Book 4</a> • <a href="#book-5">Book 5</a> • <a href="#book-6">Book 6</a></div><div class="mtb20 tl-light"><p><a name="book-1"> </a></p><p class="mb10 fs-17 fg-medium bold"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1.html">Book 1  The Preparation for the Gospel: The Jewish World in the Days of Christ</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-1.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 1</span>  The Jewish Dispersion in the East</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-2.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 2</span>  The Jewish Dispersion in the West</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-3.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 3</span>  The Old Faith Preparing for the New</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-4.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 4</span>  Philo of Alexandria, the Rabbis, and the Gospels</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-5.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 5</span>  Alexandria and Rome</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-6.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 6</span>  Political and Religious Life of the Jewish Dispersion in the West</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-7.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 7</span>  In Palestine</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-1/chapter-8.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 8</span>  Traditionalism, Its Origin, Character, and Literature</a></p><div class="bl-light return-to-top-div-noline"> <a href="#TopofPage" class="return-to-top-link">return to TOP</a> </div><p><a name="book-2"> </a></p><p class="mb10 fs-17 fg-medium bold"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2.html">Book 2  From the Manger in Bethlehem to the Baptism in Jordan in Jerusalem When Herod Reigned</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-1.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 1</span>  In Jerusalem When Herod Reigned</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-2.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 2</span>  The Personal History of Herod</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-3.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 3</span>  The Annunciation of St. John the Baptist</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-4.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 4</span>  The Annunciation of Jesus the Messiah, and the Birth of His Forerunner</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-5.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 5</span>  What Messiah did the Jews Expect?</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-6.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 6</span>  The Nativity of Jesus the Messiah</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-7.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 7</span>  The Purification of the Virgin and the Presentation in the Temple</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-8.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 8</span>  The Visit and Homage of the Magi, and the Flight into Egypt</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-9.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 9</span>  The Child-Life in Nazareth</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-10.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 10</span>  In the House of His Heavenly, and in the Home of His Earthly Father</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-11.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 11</span>  In the Fifteenth Year of Tiberius Caesar and Under the Pontificate of Annas and Caiaphas</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-2/chapter-12.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 12</span>  The Baptism of Jesus: Its Higher Meaning</a></p><div class="bl-light return-to-top-div-noline"> <a href="#TopofPage" class="return-to-top-link">return to TOP</a> </div><p><a name="book-3"> </a></p><p class="mb10 fs-17 fg-medium bold"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3.html">Book 3  The Ascent: From the River Jordan to the Mount of Transfiguration</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-1.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 1</span>  The Temptation of Jesus</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-2.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 2</span>  The Deputation From Jerusalem</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-3.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 3</span>  The Twofold Testimony of John</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-4.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 4</span>  The Marriage Feast in Cana of Galilee, the Miracle that is 'A Sign'</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-5.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 5</span>  The Cleansing of the Temple</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-6.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 6</span>  The Teacher Come From God and the Teacher from Jerusalem</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-7.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 7</span>  In Judea and Through Samaria</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-8.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 8</span>  Jesus at the Well of Sychar</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-9.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 9</span>  The Second Visit to Cana</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-10.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 10</span>  The Synagogue at Nazareth</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-11.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 11</span>  The First Galilean Ministry</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-12.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 12</span>  At the 'Unknown' Feast in Jerusalem, and by the Pool of Bethesda</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-13.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 13</span>  By the Sea of Galilee</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-14.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 14</span>  A Sabbath in Capernaum</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-15.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 15</span>  Second Journey Through Galilee</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-16.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 16</span>  The Return to Capernaum</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-17.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 17</span>  The Call of Matthew</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-18.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 18</span>  The Sermon on the Mount</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-19.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 19</span>  The Return to Capernaum</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-20.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 20</span>  The Raising of the Young Man of Nain</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-21.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 21</span>  The Woman Which Was a Sinner</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-22.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 22</span>  The Ministry of Love, the Blasphemy of Hatred, and the Mistakes of Earthly Affection</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-23.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 23</span>  New Teaching 'In Parables'</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-24.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 24</span>  Christ Stills the Storm on the Lake of Galilee</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-25.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 25</span>  At Gerasa</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-26.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 26</span>  The Healing of the Woman</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-27.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 27</span>  Second Visit to Nazareth</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-28.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 28</span>  The Story of the Baptist, From His Last Testimony to Jesus to His Beheading in Prison</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-29.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 29</span>  The Miraculous Feeding of the Five Thousand</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-30.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 30</span>  The Night of Miracles on the Lake of Gennesaret</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-31.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 31</span>  The Cavils of the Pharisees Concerning Purification, and the Teaching of the Lord Concerning Purity</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-32.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 32</span>  The Great Crisis in Popular Feeling</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-33.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 33</span>  Jesus and the Syro-Phoenician Woman</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-34.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 34</span>  A Group of Miracles Among a Semi-Heathen Population</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-35.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 35</span>  The Two Sabbath-Controversies</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-36.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 36</span>  The Feeding of the Four Thousand</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-3/chapter-37.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 37</span>  The Great Confession</a></p><div class="bl-light return-to-top-div-noline"> <a href="#TopofPage" class="return-to-top-link">return to TOP</a> </div><p><a name="book-4"> </a></p><p class="mb10 fs-17 fg-medium bold"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4.html">Book 4  The Descent: From the Mount of Transfiguration into the Valley of Humiliation and Death</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-1.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 1</span>  The Transfiguration</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-2.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 2</span>  On the Morrow of the Transfiguration</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-3.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 3</span>  The Last Events in Galilee</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-4.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 4</span>  The Journey to Jerusalem</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-5.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 5</span>  Further Incidents of the Journey to Jerusalem</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-6.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 6</span>  At the Feast of Tabernacles</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-7.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 7</span>  'In the Last, The Great Day of the Feast'</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-8.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 8</span>  Teaching in the Temple on the Octave of the Feast of Tabernacles</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-9.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 9</span>  The Healing of the Man Born Blind</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-10.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 10</span>  The 'Good Shepherd' and His 'One Flock'</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-11.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 11</span>  The First Peraean Discourses</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-12.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 12</span>  The Morning-Meal in the Pharisee's House</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-13.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 13</span>  To The Disciples</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-14.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 14</span>  At The Feast of the Dedication of the Temple</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-15.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 15</span>  The Second Series of Parables</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-16.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 16</span>  The Three Parables of Warning: to the Individual, to the Nation, and to the Theocracy</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-17.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 17</span>  The Three Parables of the Gospel: of the Recovery of the Lost</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-18.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 18</span>  The Unjust Steward</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-19.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 19</span>  The Three Last Parables of the Peraean Series: The Unrighteous Judge</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-20.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 20</span>  Christ's Discourses in Peraea</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-21.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 21</span>  The Death and the Raising of Lazarus</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-22.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 22</span>  On the Journey to Jerusalem</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-23.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 23</span>  The Last Incidents in Perea</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-4/chapter-24.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 24</span>  In Jericho and at Bethany</a></p><div class="bl-light return-to-top-div-noline"> <a href="#TopofPage" class="return-to-top-link">return to TOP</a> </div><p><a name="book-5"> </a></p><p class="mb10 fs-17 fg-medium bold"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5.html">Book 5  The Cross and the Crown</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-1.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 1</span>  The First Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-2.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 2</span>  The Second Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-3.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 3</span>  The Third Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-4.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 4</span>  The Third Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-5.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 5</span>  The End Day in Passion-Week, The Last Series of Parables: To the Pharisees and to the People</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-6.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 6</span>  The Evening of the Third Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-7.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 7</span>  Evening of the Third Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-8.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 8</span>  The Fourth Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-9.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 9</span>  The Fifth Day in Passion-Week</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-10.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 10</span>  The Paschal Supper</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-11.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 11</span>  The Last Discourses of Christ</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-12.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 12</span>  Gethsemane</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-13.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 13</span>  Thursday Night</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-14.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 14</span>  The Morning of Good Friday</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-15.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 15</span>  'Crucified, Dead, and Buried.'</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-16.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 16</span>  On the Resurrection of Christ from the Dead</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-5/chapter-17.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 17</span>  'On the Third Day He Rose Again From the Dead: He Ascended into Heaven'</a></p><div class="bl-light return-to-top-div-noline"> <a href="#TopofPage" class="return-to-top-link">return to TOP</a> </div><p><a name="book-6"> </a></p><p class="mb10 fs-17 fg-medium bold"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6.html">Book 6  Appendix</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-1.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 1</span>  Pseudepigraphic Writings</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-2.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 2</span>  Philo of Alexandria and rabbinic theology.</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-3.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 3</span>  Rabbinic views as to the lawfulness of images, pictorial representations on coins, etc.</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-4.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 4</span>  An abstract of Jewish history from the reign of Alexander the Great to the accession of Herod</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-5.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 5</span>  Rabbinic theology and literature</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-6.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 6</span>  List of the Maccabees, of the Family of Herod, of the High-Priests, the Roman Procurators of Judaea, and Roman Govenors of Syria</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-7.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 7</span>  On the date of the Nativity of Our Lord</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-8.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 8</span>  Rabbinic traditions about Elijah, the forerunner of the Messiah</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-9.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 9</span>  List of Old Testament passage messianically applied in ancient rabbinic writings</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-10.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 10</span>  On the supposed temple synagogue</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-11.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 11</span>  On the prophecy, Isaiah 53</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-12.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 12</span>  The baptism of proselytes</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-13.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 13</span>  Jewish angelology and demonology. The fall of the angels.</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-14.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 14</span>  The Law in Messianic times</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-15.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 15</span>  The location of Sychar, and the date of Our Lord's visit to Samaria.</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-16.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 16</span>  On the Jewish views about 'demons' and 'the demonized,' together with some notes on the intercourse between Jews and Jewish Christians in the First Centruies.</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-17.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 17</span>  The ordanances and law of the sabbath as laid down in the mishnah and the Jerusalem talmud.</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-18.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 18</span>  Haggadah about Simeon Kepha (Legend of Simon Peter.)</a></p><p class="mlr25 mtb5 fs-15 mb2"><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah/book-6/chapter-19.html"><span class="fs-17 bold">Chapter 19</span>  On eternal punishment, according to the rabbis and the New Testament</a></p><div class="return-to-top-div-noline"> <a href="#TopofPage" class="return-to-top-link">return to TOP</a> </div></div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div>   <div class="adsfree-client-hide adzone-bottom">  <div align="center" data-freestar-ad="__320x100 __336x280" id="studylight_leaderboard_bottom"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber")!=="1"){freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({placementName:"studylight_leaderboard_bottom",slotId:"studylight_leaderboard_bottom"});}</script> </div> </div>   <div class="footer"> <div class="footer-links"><a href="/site-resources/termsofuse.html">terms of use</a> • <a href="/site-resources/privacy-policy.html">privacy policy</a> • <button id="pmLink">Privacy Manager</button> • <a href="/site-resources/rights-and-permissions.html">rights and permissions</a> • <a href="/site-resources/contact-sl.html">contact sl</a> • <a href="/site-resources/about.html">about sl</a> • <a href="/site-resources/custom-search-plugins.html">link to sl</a></div> <div class="footer-report">To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient <a href="/site-resources/contact-sl.html">contact form</a></div> <div class="footer-copyright"> <div><a href="/">StudyLight.org © 2001-2022</a></div> <div>Powered by Light<em>speed</em> Technology</div> </div> </div> <div style="height:100px"> </div>  </div> <div class="adsfree-button" style="position:fixed;left:20px"><img class="adsfree-icon" alt="adsfree-icon" src="data:image/png;base64,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"><br><span class="adsfree-client-hide">Ads Free</span><span class="adsfree-client-show">Profile</span></div> <style> .sub-menu{font-size:12px;padding:10px 0;max-width:1260px;width:100%;background-color:#f7f7f7;color:#6b6b6b;border-bottom:5px solid #6b6b6b;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:absolute;z-index:9998} .sub-menu .menu-group{width:90%;margin:0 5px 0;padding:0 5px 0;border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer{display:none} .sub-menu .menu-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-name a{color:#deac27} .sub-menu .menu-ul li a{color:#6b6b6b;} .sub-menu .menu-ul li:hover{color:#DD8000} .search-button{background-color:#6b6b6b;color:#fff;border:1px solid #6b6b6b;-webkit-appearance:square-button;padding:0 5px;font-size:13px} .int-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:90%} .int-search-div .int-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;font-size:13px;padding:0 5px 0;margin-right:5px;width:30%;height:30px;flex:1 1 90%} .int-search-div .int-s-button{width:50px;height:30px;flex:0 0 50px} .int-selections-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:90%;margin-bottom:20px} .int-selections-div .int-s-section{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;width:70px;height:30px;flex:1 1 50%} .int-selections-div .int-s-translation{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;font-size:13px;margin-top:5px;padding:2px;width:40%;height:30px;flex:1 1 40%} .lex-search-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;width:100%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-query{border:1px solid #dadada;width:95%;height:30px;font-size:13px;padding:5px;margin-right:5px} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;height:30px;font-size:13px;margin-right:5px;width:100px} .lex-search-languages{width:95%;font-size:11px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:5px} .ill-quo-div{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;margin-top:10px} .ill-quo-s-query{font-size:15px;color:#6b6b6b;padding:0 10px 0;border:1px solid #dadada;height:30px;width:100px;margin-right:5px;flex:1 1 auto} .ill-quo-s-select{border:1px solid #dadada;color:#6b6b6b;padding:5px;height:30px;margin-right:5px} .clickable{cursor:pointer} ia, qa{cursor:pointer;margin:0 4px; line-height:25px} @media only screen and (max-width: 899px) { .sub-menu{height:65%;overflow:scroll} .sub-menu .menu-group, .sub-menu .menu-group:first-child{border-right:0} .sub-menu .part2{margin-top:-24px} .sub-menu .menu-group .menu-ul{width:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start} .sub-menu .menu-group .menu-ul li{list-style:disc;list-style-position:outside;padding:0 15px 5px 0;flex-grow:0;flex-basis:50%} } @media only screen and (min-width: 900px) { .sub-menu{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between} .sub-menu .part2{padding-top:18px;margin-top:0} .sub-menu .menu-group:last-child{border-right:0} .sub-menu .menu-group-spacer {border-right:1px solid #6b6b6b;padding:5px 0} .sub-menu .menu-ul{width:100%} .sub-menu .menu-ul li{list-style:disc;list-style-position:outside;padding:0 15px 5px 0} .lex-search-div{width:95%} .lex-search-div .lex-s-range{width:70px} } </style> <div class="tools sub-menu" style="display:none;"> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Bible Commentary" href="/commentaries.html">Bible Commentaries</a> <span style="font-size:12px;">(144)</span></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/commentary.html">Verse‑by‑Verse Commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/commentaries/eng/bcc.html">Burton Coffman Commentaries</a></li> <li><a href="/commentaries/eng/acc.html">Adam Clarke Commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/commentaries/eng/bnb.html">Albert Barnes' Notes</a></li> <li><a href="/commentaries/eng/geb.html">John Gill's Exposition</a></li> <li><a href="/commentaries/eng.html">Complete List of 144</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Bible Concordance" href="/concordances.html">Bible Concordances</a> <span style="font-size:12px;">(6)</span></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/concordances/eng/tcr.html">Thompson Chain Reference</a></li> <li><a href="/concordances/eng/ntb.html">Nave's Topical Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/concordances/eng/top.html">The Topical Concordances</a></li> <li><a href="/concordances/eng/ttt.html">Torrey's Topical Textbook</a></li> <li><a href="/concordances/eng/sri.html">Scofield Reference Index</a></li> <li><a href="/concordances/eng/tsk.html">Treasury of Scripture Knowledge</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Bible Dictionary" href="/dictionaries.html">Bible Dictionaries</a> <span style="font-size:12px;">(26)</span></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/dictionaries/eng/ved.html">Vine's Expository Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/dictionaries/eng/hbd.html">Holman Bible Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/dictionaries/eng/bed.html">Baker's Evangelical Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/dictionaries/eng/kjd.html">King James Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/dictionaries/eng/sbd.html">Smith's Bible Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/dictionaries.html">Complete List of 26</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Bible Encyclopedia" href="/encyclopedias.html">Bible Encyclopedias</a> <span style="font-size:12px;">(7)</span></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/encyclopedias/eng/isb.html">Int Standard Bible Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/encyclopedias/eng/nut.html">The Nuttall Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/encyclopedias/eng/tje.html">The 1901 Jewish Encylopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/encyclopedias/eng/tce.html">The Catholic Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/encyclopedias/eng/kbe.html">Kitto's Bible Cyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/encyclopedias.html">Complete List of 7</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="lang sub-menu" style="display:none;"> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a href="/interlinear-study-bible.html">Interlinear Study Bible</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/interlinear-study-bible/hebrew.html">Hebrew Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/interlinear-study-bible/greek.html">Greek Old and New Testament</a></li> </ul> <div class="menu-name"><a class="int-s-url" href="/study-desk/interlinear.html">Strong's Interlinear Search</a></div> <div class="int-search-div"> <input type="text" class="int-s-query text-box" name="q1" placeholder="Enter your query!"> <input type="button" class="int-s-button search-button" value="Go!"> </div> <div class="int-selections-div"> <select title="General Search Range" name="ss" class="int-s-section sec-select"> <option value="0" selected="">Whole Bible</option> <option value="1">----------------</option> <option value="1">Old Testament</option> <option value="2">New Testament</option> <option value="3">----------------</option> <option value="3">Books of Law</option> <option value="4">Books of History</option> <option value="5">Books of Wisdom</option> <option value="6">Major Prophets</option> <option value="7">Minor Prophets</option> <option value="8">The Gospels</option> <option value="9">Pauline Epistles</option> <option value="10">General Epistles</option> <option value="11">Apocalyptic Books</option> </select> <select title="Interlinear Translation" name="t3" class="int-s-translation"> <option data-range="3" value="eng_nas">NASB</option> <option data-range="3" value="eng_kjv">KJV</option> <option data-range="3" value="eng_hcs">HCS</option> <option data-range="3" value="eng_esv">ESV</option> <option data-range="3" value="eng_bsb">BSB</option> <option data-range="3" value="eng_web">WEB</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Bible Lexicon" href="/lexicons.html">Bible Lexicons</a> <span style="font-size:12px;">(3)</span></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/greek.html">Old Testament/ New Testament Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/hebrew.html">Old Testament Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/aramaic.html">New Testament Aramaic</a></li> </ul> <form enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" action="/lexicons.html" method="get" id="lexical-search"> <div style="padding-top:10px;"> <div class="lex-search-div"> <input type="text" autocomplete="off" class="lex-s-query" id="w" name="w" placeholder="Enter word or Strongs #" value=""><select title="Lexical Search Range" name="range" class="lex-s-range"><option value="tra">Translated As</option><option value="beg">Begins With</option><option value="con">Containing</option><option value="end">Ends With</option><option value="exa">Exact matching</option></select><input type="button" class="lex-s-button search-button" style="height:30px;width:30px;flex:0 0 40px;" value="Go!"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="search"> <div class="lex-search-languages"> <label class="clickable"><input style="margin-left:5px" type="radio" checked="checked" name="res" value="greek" /> Greek</label>       <label class="clickable"><input style="margin-left:5px" type="radio" name="res" value="hebrew" /> Hebrew</label>     <label class="clickable"><input style="margin-left:5px" type="radio" name="res" value="aramaic" /> Aramaic</label> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Original Language Word Studies" href="/language-studies.html">Original Language Studies</a> <span style="font-size:12px;">(4)</span></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/language-studies/greek-thoughts.html">Bill Klein's "Greek Thoughts"</a></li> <li><a href="/language-studies/hebrew-thoughts.html">Charles Loder's "Hebrew Thoughts"</a></li> <li><a href="/language-studies/aramaic-thoughts.html">Benjamin Shaw's "Aramaic Thoughts"</a></li> <li><a href="/language-studies/difficult-sayings.html">KJ Went's "Difficult Sayings"</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Additional Lexical Resources" href="/lexicons.html">Additional Lexical Resources</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/berry.html">Berry's NT Synonyms</a></li> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/girdlestone.html">Girdlestone's OT Synonyms</a></li> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/trench.html">Trench's NT Synonyms</a></li> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/gesenius.html">Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/lexicons/eng/bullinger.html">Bullinger's Figures of Speech</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="hist sub-menu" style="display:none;"> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Before Christ" href="/historical-writings/before-christ.html">B.C. (Before Christ)</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/historical-writings/before-christ/alfred-edersheim/bible-history-old-testament.html">Bible History, Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/before-christ/alfred-edersheim/sketches-of-jewish-social-life.html">Sketches of Jewish Social Life</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/before-christ/alfred-edersheim/the-temple-its-ministry-and-service.html">The Temple - Its Ministry and Service</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/before-christ/flavius-josephus.html">The Works of Flavius Josephus</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Anno Domini" href="/historical-writings/anno-domini.html">A.D. (Anno Domini)</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/alfred-edersheim/the-life-and-times-of-jesus-the-messiah.html">The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/anno-domini/john-foxe/foxes-book-of-martyrs.html">John Foxe's "Book of Martyrs"</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name">History By Category</div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/historical-writings/annals.html">Ussher's "The Annals of the World"</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/creeds-and-confessions/creeds-and-statements.html">Creeds and Statements</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/creeds-and-confessions/confessions.html">Confession</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/creeds-and-confessions/catechisms.html">Catechisms</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/today-in-christian-history.html">Today in Christian History</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Church and Denominational History" href="/history/church-and-denominational.html">Church and Denominational History</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/historical-writings/church-and-denominational/joseph-edmund-hutton/a-history-of-the-moravian-church.html">History of the Moravian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/church-and-denominational/rev-james-maccaffrey/history-of-the-catholic-church.html">History of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/church-and-denominational/james-craigie-robertson/sketches-of-church-history.html">Sketches of Church History</a></li> <li><a href="/historical-writings/church-and-denominational/james-aitken-wylie/the-history-of-protestantism.html">The History of Protestism</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pas sub-menu" style="display:none;"> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Sermon Illustrations Archive" href="/pastoral-resources/sermon-illustrations-archive.html">Sermon Illustrations Archive</a></div> <form method="get" action="/pastoral-resources/sermon-illustrations-archive.html"> <div class="ill-quo-div"> <input type="text" class="ill-quo-s-query" style="flex:1 1 auto" name="q" placeholder="Enter your Search!"><select title="Illustration Scope" name="t" class="ill-quo-s-select"><option value="body">Illustration</option><option value="title">Title</option></select><input type="hidden" name="a" value="search"><input type="submit" class="search-button" style="height:30px" value="Go!"> </div> </form> <div style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;font-size:13px">or browse by:</div> <div style="text-align:center;margin:10px 10px 0 0;font-size:13px;font-weight:bold"><ia>A</ia> <ia>B</ia> <ia>C</ia> <ia>D</ia> <ia>E</ia> <ia>F</ia> <ia>G</ia> <ia>H</ia> <ia>I</ia> <ia>J</ia> <ia>K</ia> <ia>L</ia> <ia>M</ia> <ia>N</ia> <ia>O</ia> <ia>P</ia> <ia>Q</ia> <ia>R</ia> <ia>S</ia> <ia>T</ia> <ia>U</ia> <ia>V</ia> <ia>W</ia> <ia>X</ia> <ia>Y</ia> <ia>Z</ia></div> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group w-350"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Sermon Quotations Archive" href="/pastoral-resources/sermon-quotations-archive.html">Sermon Quotations Archive</a></div> <form method="get" action="/pastoral-resources/sermon-quotations-archive.html"> <div class="ill-quo-div"> <input type="text" class="ill-quo-s-query" style="flex:1 1 auto" name="q" placeholder="Enter your Search!"><select title="Sermon Quotations Search Scope" name="t" class="ill-quo-s-select"><option value="quote">Quote</option><option value="author">Author</option></select><input type="hidden" name="a" value="search"><input type="submit" class="search-button" style="height:30px" value="Go!"> </div> </form> <div style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;font-size:13px">or browse by:</div> <div style="text-align:center;margin:10px 10px 0 0;font-size:13px;font-weight:bold"><qa>A</qa> <qa>B</qa> <qa>C</qa> <qa>D</qa> <qa>E</qa> <qa>F</qa> <qa>G</qa> <qa>H</qa> <qa>I</qa> <qa>J</qa> <qa>K</qa> <qa>L</qa> <qa>M</qa> <qa>N</qa> <qa>O</qa> <qa>P</qa> <qa>Q</qa> <qa>R</qa> <qa>S</qa> <qa>T</qa> <qa>U</qa> <qa>V</qa> <qa>W</qa> <qa>X</qa> <qa>Y</qa> <qa>Z</qa></div> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group w-200"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Additional Resources" href="/pastoral-resources.html">Additional Resources</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/pastoral-resources/sunday-bulletin-inserts.html">Sunday Bulletin Inserts</a></li> <li><a href="/pastoral-resources/gustave-dore-illustrations.html">Gustave Doré's Illustrations</a></li> <li><a href="/pastoral-resources/bible-maps-archive.html">Bible Maps Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/pastoral-resources/powerpoint-bible-maps.html">PowerPoint Bible Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/pastoral-resources/bible-in-pictures.html">The Bible in Pictures</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="per sub-menu" style="display:none;"> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name">Personalized Reading Plan</div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/reading-plans/personalized-reading-plan.html">Create a personalized plan</a></li> </ul> <div class="menu-name">Daily Reading Plans <span style="font-size:12px;">(7)</span></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/reading-plans/daily-reading-plan.html?p=sl">Bible-in-a-Year</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-plans/daily-reading-plan.html?p=st">Straight Thru the Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-plans/daily-reading-plan.html?p=dt">Different Topics</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-plans/daily-reading-plan.html?p=co">Chronological Order</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-plans/daily-reading-plan.html?p=ho">Historical Order</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-plans/daily-reading-plan.html?p=dl">NT, Psalms & Proverbs</a></li> <li><a href="/reading-plans/daily-reading-plan.html?p=ot">Old & New Testament</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Daily Devotionals" href="/daily-devotionals.html">Daily Devotionals</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/csr.html">Chip Shots from the Ruff of Life</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/toz.html">Morning and Evening with Tozer</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/votl.html">Voice of the Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/edl.html">'Every Day Light'</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/mfs.html">Music For the Soul</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/rem.html">The Believer's Daily Remembrancer</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/dlp.html">Daily Light on the Daily Path</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/fcb.html">Spurgeon's "Faith's Checkbook"</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/mae.html">Spurgeon's "Morning & Evening"</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/tlb.html">Truths to Live By - One Day at a Time</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group part2"> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/bdm.html">Bowen's Daily Meditations</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/dhb.html">Devotional Hours Within the Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/rem.html">The Believer's Daily Remembrancer</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/dlp.html">Daily Light on the Daily Path</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/fcb.html">Spurgeon's "Faith's Checkbook"</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/mae.html">Spurgeon's "Morning & Evening"</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/tlb.html">Truths to Live By - One Day at a Time</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/bdm.html">Bowen's Daily Meditations</a></li> <li><a href="/daily-devotionals/eng/dhb.html">Devotional Hours Within the Bible</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="site sub-menu" style="display:none;"> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Site Tools" href="/site-resources.html">Site Tools</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/site-resources/preferences.html">Manage My Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/reset-password.html">Reset My Password</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/update-email-address.html">Update My Email Address</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/subscription-lists.html">Manage My Subscriptions</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Site Info" href="/site-resources.html">Site Info</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/site-resources/about-sl.html">About SL</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/contact-sl.html">Contact SL</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/copyright-statements.html">Copyright Statements</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/statement-of-faith.html">Statement of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/rights-and-permissions.html">Rights and Permissions</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/privacy-policy.html">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/terms-of-use.html">Terms of Use</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Additional Features" href="/site-resources.html">Additional Features</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/site-resources/bulletin-insert.html">Bulletin Insert</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/font-resources.html">Font Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/site-resources/custom-search-plugins.html">Custom Search Plugins</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-group-spacer"></div> <div class="menu-group"> <div class="menu-name"><a name="Multi-Media Center" href="/multi-media.html">Multi-Media Center</a></div> <ul class="menu-ul"> <li><a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles.html">Audio Bibles</a><br />    <a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles/eng/esv.html">ESV</a> • <a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles/eng/kjv.html">KJV</a> • <a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles/eng/nas.html">NAS</a>  •  <a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles/eng/niv.html">NIV</a>  •  <a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles/eng/nlt.html">NLT</a>  •  <a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles/eng/nrs.html">NRS</a>  •  <a href="/multi-media/audio/bibles/eng/web.html">WEB</a></li>  </ul> </div> </div> <script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){document.querySelectorAll("qa").forEach(function(e){e.addEventListener("click",function(){document.location.href="/pastoral-resources/sermon-quotations-archive/"+this.textContent.toLowerCase()+".html"})}),document.querySelectorAll("ia").forEach(function(e){e.addEventListener("click",function(){document.location.href="/pastoral-resources/sermon-illustrations-archive/"+this.textContent.toLowerCase()+".html"})}),document.querySelector(".lex-s-button").addEventListener("click",function(){var e=document.querySelector("input[name=res]:checked"),t=e?e.value:"",n=document.querySelector(".lex-s-query").value,e=document.querySelector(".lex-s-range option:checked").value;window.location.href="/lexicons/eng/"+t+".html?action=search&ol="+t+"&w="+encodeURIComponent(n)+"&range="+encodeURIComponent(e)}),document.querySelector(".int-s-button").addEventListener("click",function(){var e=document.querySelector(".int-s-url").getAttribute("href")+"?q1="+encodeURIComponent(document.querySelector(".int-s-query").value)+"&tr3="+encodeURIComponent(document.querySelector(".int-s-translation").value)+"&ss="+encodeURIComponent(document.querySelector(".int-s-section").value);window.location.href=e})});</script> <div class="scroll-indicator"><svg width="60" height="60" viewBox="0 0 60 60"><circle cx="30" cy="30" r="25" fill="#d1ae39" stroke="#f7f7f7" stroke-width="3"/><circle id="progressCircle" cx="30" cy="30" r="25" fill="none" stroke="#6b6b6b" stroke-width="3" stroke-dasharray="157" stroke-dashoffset="157" stroke-linecap="round" /></svg><svg class="scroll-indicator-caret-svg" style="transform: rotate(0deg);" viewBox="0 0 256 256" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="#6b6b6b"><path d="M208,172a11.96,11.96,0,0,1-8.49-3.51L128,96.97,56.49,168.49a12,12,0,0,1-16.97-16.97l80-80a12,12,0,0,1,16.97,0l80,80A12,12,0,0,1,208,172Z"/></svg></div> <script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'91394c3acc16a8cc',t:'MTczOTgzMjIyMi4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js" integrity="sha256-/xUj+3OJU5yExlq6GSYGSHk7tPXikynS7ogEvDej/m4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script async>jQuery(document).ready((function(){let o=jQuery("#progressCircle");function e(){let e=jQuery(window).scrollTop(),r=jQuery(document).height()-jQuery(window).height(),n=157-157*(r>0?e/r*100:0)/100;o.css("stroke-dashoffset",n)}jQuery(window).on("scroll",e),e(),jQuery(".scroll-indicator").on("click",(function(){jQuery("html, body").animate({scrollTop:0},200)}))}));</script> <script defer>(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');ga('create','UA-12370397-1','studylight.org');ga('send','pageview');window.dataLayer=window.dataLayer||[];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}gtag('js',new Date());gtag('config','G-4V2WYZZ2JS');</script> <script>var value=localStorage.getItem("adsfree-subscriber"),stripe_status='live',isEqualToOne="1"===value;window.onload = function() {af_script=document.createElement("script"),af_script.src=isEqualToOne?"https://www.studylight.org/jscripts/adsfree-profile.js?v=1.4.3":"https://www.studylight.org/jscripts/adsfree-login.js?v=1.4.3",document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(af_script)}</script>   <script async> jQuery.cookie=function(e,o,i){if(void 0===o){var n=null;if(document.cookie&&""!=document.cookie)for(var r=document.cookie.split(";"),t=0;t<r.length;t++){var p=jQuery.trim(r[t]);if(p.substring(0,e.length+1)==e+"="){n=decodeURIComponent(p.substring(e.length+1));break}}return n}i=i||{},null===o&&(o="",i.expires=-1);var s,u="";i.expires&&("number"==typeof i.expires||i.expires.toUTCString)&&("number"==typeof i.expires?(s=new Date).setTime(s.getTime()+24*i.expires*60*60*1e3):s=i.expires,u="; expires="+s.toUTCString());var c=i.path?"; path="+i.path:"",m=i.domain?"; domain="+i.domain:"",a=i.secure?"; secure":"";document.cookie=[e,"=",encodeURIComponent(o),u,c,m,a].join("")}; !function(e){var n;if("function"==typeof define&&define.amd&&(define(e),n=!0),"object"==typeof exports&&(module.exports=e(),n=!0),!n){var t=window.Cookies,o=window.Cookies=e();o.noConflict=function(){return window.Cookies=t,o}}}(function(){function f(){for(var e=0,n={};e<arguments.length;e++){var t=arguments[e];for(var o in t)n[o]=t[o]}return n}function a(e){return e.replace(/(%[0-9A-Z]{2})+/g,decodeURIComponent)}return function e(u){function c(){}function t(e,n,t){if("undefined"!=typeof document){"number"==typeof(t=f({path:"/"},c.defaults,t)).expires&&(t.expires=new Date(1*new Date+864e5*t.expires)),t.expires=t.expires?t.expires.toUTCString():"";try{var o=JSON.stringify(n);/^[{[]/.test(o)&&(n=o)}catch(e){}n=u.write?u.write(n,e):encodeURIComponent(String(n)).replace(/%(23|24|26|2B|3A|3C|3E|3D|2F|3F|40|5B|5D|5E|60|7B|7D|7C)/g,decodeURIComponent),e=encodeURIComponent(String(e)).replace(/%(23|24|26|2B|5E|60|7C)/g,decodeURIComponent).replace(/[()]/g,escape);var r="";for(var i in t)t[i]&&(r+="; "+i,!0!==t[i]&&(r+="="+t[i].split(";")[0]));return document.cookie=e+"="+n+r}}function n(e,n){if("undefined"!=typeof document){for(var t={},o=document.cookie?document.cookie.split("; "):[],r=0;r<o.length;r++){var i=o[r].split("="),c=i.slice(1).join("=");n||'"'!==c.charAt(0)||(c=c.slice(1,-1));try{var f=a(i[0]);if(c=(u.read||u)(c,f)||a(c),n)try{c=JSON.parse(c)}catch(e){}if(t[f]=c,e===f)break}catch(e){}}return e?t[e]:t}}return c.set=t,c.get=function(e){return n(e,!1)},c.getJSON=function(e){return n(e,!0)},c.remove=function(e,n){t(e,"",f(n,{expires:-1}))},c.defaults={},c.withConverter=e,c}(function(){})}); function updateSizes(t,i){let h=jQuery(window);wsize=t,hsize=i,masWidth=h.width(),masHeight=h.height(),curWidth=masWidth,curHeight=masHeight,curTop=curLeft=0,smWidth=masWidth<masHeight&&masWidth<t||masHeight<t?masWidth-20:t,smHeight=masWidth<masHeight&&masWidth<t||masHeight<i?masHeight-20:i,popWidth=parseInt(masWidth<smWidth+20?t:smWidth),popHeight=parseInt(masHeight>smHeight+20?i:smHeight),popTop=parseInt(masHeight/2-popHeight/2),popLeft=parseInt((curLeft+masWidth)/2-popWidth/2),jQuery(".popupDiv").length&&(jQuery(".overlayMaster").css({width:"100%",height:"100%"}),jQuery(".popupDiv").css({width:popWidth+"px",height:popHeight+"px",left:popLeft+"px",top:popTop+"px"}))} var wsize,hsize, mpos,mheight,mwidth,language,translation,book,chapter,verse,max_height,max_content_height,max_width,max_content_width,menubar=jQuery(".menubar"),menubar_sticky=menubar.offset().top,testSize=jQuery(window).width()-40,selDiv_height=testSize<=470?jQuery(window).height()-40:650,selDiv_width=testSize<=470?jQuery(window).width()-40:470,selDiv_top=testSize<=470?0:Math.floor((jQuery(window).height()-selDiv_height)/2),selDiv_left=testSize<=470?0:Math.floor((jQuery(window).width()-selDiv_width)/2); jQuery(document).ready(function(){ item_id="",max_height=jQuery(window).height(),max_width=jQuery(window).width(),max_content_height=jQuery('.content').height(),max_content_width=jQuery('.content').width(); let m=jQuery(".menubar"),mpos=m.offset(),mheight=m.outerHeight(),mwidth=m.width(); jQuery(".sub-menu").css({top:(mpos.top+mheight),left:mpos.left,width:mwidth}); /* Sticky Menubar */ jQuery(window) .on("scroll", function() { let m=jQuery(".menubar"),mpos=m.offset(),mheight=m.outerHeight(),mwidth=m.width(); jQuery(".sub-menu").css({top:mpos.top+mheight,left:mpos.left,width:mwidth}), jQuery(this).scrollTop()>menubar_sticky?menubar.addClass("menubar-sticky"):menubar.removeClass("menubar-sticky"); }) .on("mouseup", function(e) { let ct = jQuery(e.target); if (!ct.closest(".menubar-items,.sub-menu").length && jQuery(".sub-menu").is(":visible")){jQuery(".sub-menu").slideUp(200),jQuery(".menubar-items").removeClass("menubar-items-selected"),item_id=""} }) .on("resize",function(){ let m=jQuery(".menubar"),mpos=m.offset(),mheight=m.outerHeight(),mwidth=m.width(); jQuery(".sub-menu").css({top:mpos.top+mheight,left:mpos.left,width:mwidth}); }) jQuery(document) .on("click",".icon-bookmarks",function(){ jQuery.getScript("/jscripts/site-bookmarks.js", function(){bookmarkSelector_menu()}) }) .on("click", ".menubar-items", function() { let tmp_item_id="."+jQuery(this).data("title"); jQuery(".menubar-items").removeClass("menubar-items-selected"); if (tmp_item_id!==item_id)jQuery(this).addClass("menubar-items-selected"); item_id?(item_id===tmp_item_id?(jQuery(item_id).slideUp(100),item_id=""):jQuery(tmp_item_id).fadeIn(200,()=>(jQuery(item_id).fadeOut(200),item_id=tmp_item_id))):(item_id=tmp_item_id,jQuery(item_id).slideDown(100)); }) .on("click",".icon-signin",function(){ jQuery.getScript("/jscripts/site-signin.js") }) .on("click",".icon-signout",function(){ jQuery.getScript("/jscripts/site-signout.js") }) }); </script> </html>