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<li id="toc-Ottoman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ottoman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_Balkan_wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_Balkan_wars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>After the Balkan wars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_Balkan_wars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_of_a_separate_Macedonian_identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_a_separate_Macedonian_identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Formation of a separate Macedonian identity</span> </div> </a> <ul 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<span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makedonische_Bulgaren" title="Makedonische Bulgaren – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Makedonische Bulgaren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%B4%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Βούλγαροι Μακεδόνες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βούλγαροι Μακεδόνες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgares_de_Mac%C3%A9doine" title="Bulgares de Macédoine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bulgares de Macédoine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makedonski_Bugari" title="Makedonski Bugari – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Makedonski Bugari" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98)" title="მაკედონელები (ბულგარელები) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაკედონელები (ბულგარელები)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Егзархиска групација во Македонија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Егзархиска групација во Македонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B1%E3%83%89%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA" title="マケドニアブルガリア人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マケドニアブルガリア人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" 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							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Macedonian_Bulgarians">reviewed</a> on <i>29 November 2024</i>.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bulgarians from the geographic region of Macedonia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_North_Macedonia" title="Bulgarians in North Macedonia">Bulgarians in North Macedonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavic_speakers_of_Greek_Macedonia" title="Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia">Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Macedonians_in_Bulgaria" title="Ethnic Macedonians in Bulgaria">Ethnic Macedonians in Bulgaria</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bitola_Inscription,_Museum_of_Bitola.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Bitola_Inscription%2C_Museum_of_Bitola.jpg/270px-Bitola_Inscription%2C_Museum_of_Bitola.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Bitola_Inscription%2C_Museum_of_Bitola.jpg/405px-Bitola_Inscription%2C_Museum_of_Bitola.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Bitola_Inscription%2C_Museum_of_Bitola.jpg/540px-Bitola_Inscription%2C_Museum_of_Bitola.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="2322" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Bitola_inscription" title="Bitola inscription">Bitola inscription</a> is a marble slab with Cyrillic letters of <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Vladislav" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Vladislav">Ivan Vladislav</a> from 1016. The text reports that he was <a href="/wiki/Tsar_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsar of Bulgaria">Tsar of Bulgaria</a> and Bulgarian by birth, and his subjects were Bulgarians.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KonstantinTih.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/KonstantinTih.jpg/170px-KonstantinTih.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/KonstantinTih.jpg/255px-KonstantinTih.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/KonstantinTih.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of the Skopjan <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Asen" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstantin Asen">Konstantin Asen</a> who was a Bulgarian Tsar (1257-1277).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Narodne_Pesme_Makedonski_Bugara.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Narodne_Pesme_Makedonski_Bugara.jpg/200px-Narodne_Pesme_Makedonski_Bugara.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Narodne_Pesme_Makedonski_Bugara.jpg/300px-Narodne_Pesme_Makedonski_Bugara.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Narodne_Pesme_Makedonski_Bugara.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The cover of the book "<a href="/wiki/Folk_Songs_of_the_Macedonian_Bulgarians" title="Folk Songs of the Macedonian Bulgarians">Folk Songs of the Macedonian Bulgarians</a>" published in 1860, in Belgrade by <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Verkovic" class="mw-redirect" title="Stefan Verkovic">Stefan Verkovic</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tsarevna_Miladinova%27s_boarding-school_in_Thessaloniki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/af/Tsarevna_Miladinova%27s_boarding-school_in_Thessaloniki.jpg/200px-Tsarevna_Miladinova%27s_boarding-school_in_Thessaloniki.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/af/Tsarevna_Miladinova%27s_boarding-school_in_Thessaloniki.jpg/300px-Tsarevna_Miladinova%27s_boarding-school_in_Thessaloniki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/af/Tsarevna_Miladinova%27s_boarding-school_in_Thessaloniki.jpg/400px-Tsarevna_Miladinova%27s_boarding-school_in_Thessaloniki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption>Girls in a <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Girls%27_High_School_of_Thessaloniki" title="Bulgarian Girls' High School of Thessaloniki">Bulgarian Girls' High School of Thessaloniki</a>, 1882.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulgarian_Refugee_Children.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bulgarian_Refugee_Children.jpg/200px-Bulgarian_Refugee_Children.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bulgarian_Refugee_Children.jpg/300px-Bulgarian_Refugee_Children.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bulgarian_Refugee_Children.jpg/400px-Bulgarian_Refugee_Children.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>Bulgarian refugees from <a href="/wiki/Southern_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Macedonia">Southern Macedonia</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kosta_Tsipushev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bc/Kosta_Tsipushev.jpg/200px-Kosta_Tsipushev.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bc/Kosta_Tsipushev.jpg/300px-Kosta_Tsipushev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bc/Kosta_Tsipushev.jpg/400px-Kosta_Tsipushev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1135" /></a><figcaption>Bulgarian students greeting the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization" title="Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization">IMRO</a> revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Kosta_Tsipushev" title="Kosta Tsipushev">Kosta Tsipushev</a> by his return, after the Bulgarian annexation of <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Macedonia" title="Vardar Macedonia">Vardar Macedonia</a> in 1941.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-top:0.4em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Bulgarian_people" title="Category:Bulgarian people">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%; line-height:1.0em; padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a><br /><span class="nobold">Българи</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="border:none; padding:0.6em 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria"><img alt="Coat of arms of Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/130px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/195px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/260px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="679" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bulgaria" title="Culture of Bulgaria">Culture</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_literature" title="Bulgarian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bulgaria" title="Music of Bulgaria">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bulgaria#Visual_art" title="Culture of Bulgaria">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Bulgaria" title="Cinema of Bulgaria">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_name" title="Bulgarian name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_folk_dance" title="Bulgarian folk dance">Dances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_national_garb" title="Bulgarian national garb">Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Bulgaria" title="Sport in Bulgaria">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Bulgaria" title="Public holidays in Bulgaria">Public holidays in Bulgaria</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> By country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Albania" title="Bulgarians in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Australians" title="Bulgarian Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Canadians" title="Bulgarian Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Croatia" title="Bulgarians in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Czechoslovakia" title="Bulgarians in Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_France" title="Bulgarians in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Germany" title="Bulgarians in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_speakers_of_Greek_Macedonia" title="Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Hungary" title="Bulgarians in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Italy" title="Bulgarians in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Kazakhstan" title="Bulgarians in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Lebanon" title="Bulgarians in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_North_Macedonia" title="Bulgarians in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Romania" title="Bulgarians in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Serbia" title="Bulgarians in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Spain" title="Bulgarians in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_South_America" title="Bulgarians in South America">South America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Brazilians" title="Bulgarian Brazilians">Brazil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Turkey" title="Bulgarians in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Ukraine" title="Bulgarians in Ukraine">Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Bulgarians" title="Crimean Bulgarians">Crimea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Bulgarians in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Americans" title="Bulgarian Americans">United States</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> Subgroups</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_Bulgarians" title="Anatolian Bulgarians">Anatolian Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Bulgarians" title="Banat Bulgarians">Banat Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_Bulgarians" title="Bessarabian Bulgarians">Bessarabian Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrujan_Bulgarians" title="Dobrujan Bulgarians">Dobrujan Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macedonian Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomaks" title="Pomaks">Pomaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C8%98chei" title="Șchei">Șchei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopi" title="Shopi">Shopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_Bulgarians" title="Thracian Bulgarians">Thracian Bulgarians</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Religion</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church" title="Bulgarian Orthodox Church">Bulgarian Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Muslims" title="Bulgarian Muslims">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Bulgaria" title="Catholic Church in Bulgaria">Catholic Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church">Greek-Catholics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Bulgaria" title="Protestantism in Bulgaria">Protestant denominations</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> Language</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_dialects" title="Bulgarian dialects">Dialects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_dialects_of_Bulgarian" title="Balkan dialects of Bulgarian">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Bulgarian_dialect" title="Banat Bulgarian dialect">Banat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rup_dialects" title="Rup dialects">Ruptsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torlakian_dialects" title="Torlakian dialects">Torlakian</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> Other</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bulgarians" title="List of Bulgarians">List of Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_Bulgarian_descent" title="Category:People of Bulgarian descent">People of Bulgarian descent</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-top:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bulgarians" title="Template:Bulgarians"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bulgarians" title="Template talk:Bulgarians"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgarians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgarians"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Macedonians</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>Macedonian Bulgarians</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">македонци or македонски българи</span>), sometimes also referred to as <b>Macedono-Bulgarians</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>Macedo-Bulgarians</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>Bulgaro-Macedonians</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are a regional, <a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_group" title="Ethnographic group">ethnographic group</a> of ethnic <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> inhabiting or originating from the region of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a>. Today, the larger part of this population is concentrated in <a href="/wiki/Blagoevgrad_Province" title="Blagoevgrad Province">Blagoevgrad Province</a> but much is spread across the whole of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_diaspora" title="Bulgarian diaspora">diaspora</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Macedonia" title="Demographic history of Macedonia">Demographic history of Macedonia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_period">Ottoman period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ottoman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ohrid_Banner1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ohrid_Banner1.jpg/200px-Ohrid_Banner1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ohrid_Banner1.jpg/300px-Ohrid_Banner1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ohrid_Banner1.jpg/400px-Ohrid_Banner1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="445" data-file-height="389" /></a><figcaption>The banner of the <a href="/wiki/Ilinden_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilinden Uprising">Ilinden insurgents</a> from <a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</a> with <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian flag">Bulgarian flag</a> on it and the inscription <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="Свобода или смърть">Свобода или смърть</a>. The insurgents flew Bulgarian flags everywhere.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure><p>The <a href="/wiki/Slavic_languages" title="Slavic languages">Slavic</a>-speaking population in the region of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a> had been referred to both (by themselves and outsiders) as <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a>, and that is how they were predominantly seen since 10th,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> up until the early 20th century and beyond.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a> (1912–1913) and World War I (1914–1918) left the area divided mainly between Greece and Serbia (later Yugoslavia), which resulted in significant changes in its ethnic composition. The formerly leading Bulgarian community was reduced either by population exchanges or by change of communities' ethnic identity.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Macedonian Slavs were faced with the policy of forced <a href="/wiki/Serbianisation" title="Serbianisation">Serbianisation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>, at the beginning of the 20th century the Macedonian Bulgarians constituted the majority of the population in the whole region of Macedonia, then part of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The functioning of the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Exarchate" title="Bulgarian Exarchate">Bulgarian Exarchate</a> then aimed specifically at differentiating the Bulgarian from the <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbian</a> populations on an ethnic and linguistic basis, providing the open assertion of a Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/National_identity" title="National identity">national identity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However one basic distinction between the political agendas of local intelligentsias was clear. The <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Greeks">Macedonian Greeks</a> and Serbs followed, in general, the directives coming from their respective centers of national agitation, while by the Bulgarians the term <i>Macedonian</i> was acquiring the significance of a certain political loyalty, that progressively constructed a particular spirit of <i><a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(politics)" title="Regionalism (politics)">regional</a></i> identity.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_Balkan_wars">After the Balkan wars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: After the Balkan wars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a> (1912–1913) and <a href="/wiki/Balkans_Campaign_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkans Campaign (World War I)">World War I</a> (1914–1918) left Ottoman Macedonia divided between <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> and resulted in significant changes in its ethnic composition. The immediate effect of the partition of Ottoman Macedonia were the nationalistic campaigns in areas under Greek and Serbian administration, which expelled Bulgarian churchmen and teachers and closed Bulgarian schools and churches. As a consequence a sizable part of the Slavic population of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Greece)" title="Macedonia (Greece)">Greek</a> and Serbian (later Yugoslav Macedonia), fled to Bulgaria or was resettled there by virtue of a population exchange agreements (<a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Neuilly-sur-Seine" title="Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine">Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politis-Kalfov_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Politis-Kalfov Protocol">Politis-Kalfov Protocol</a>). Within Greece, the Macedonian Slavs were designated "Slavophone Greeks", while within Serbia (later within <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>) they were officially treated as "South Serbs". In both countries, schools and the media were used to disseminate the national ideologies and identities, and also the languages, of the new ruling nations, the Greeks and the Serbs. These cultural measures were reinforced by steps to alter the composition of the population: Serb colonists were implanted in Yugoslav Macedonia, while in Greek Macedonia, the mass settlement of <a href="/wiki/Greek_refugees" title="Greek refugees">Greek refugees</a> from <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> definitively reduced the Slav population to minority status.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_a_separate_Macedonian_identity">Formation of a separate Macedonian identity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Formation of a separate Macedonian identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite some attempts to differentiate a Slavic Macedonian identity from the Bulgarian one since the end of the 19th century, and despite the nebulous national consciousness of the mass of the Slavic population, most researchers agree that the bulk of the Slavic population in the region had a Bulgarian national identity until the early 1940s, when the <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgarian troops, occupying most of the area</a>, were greeted as liberators.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pro-Bulgarian feelings among the local Slavic population prevailed in Greece and Yugoslavia.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> and Bulgarian withdrawal, on the base of the strong Macedonian <i>regional</i> identity a process of ethnogenesis started and distinct <i>national</i> Macedonian identity was formed.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a whole an appreciable Macedonian national consciousness prior to the 1940s did not exist.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time even the political organization by the Slavic immigrants from the region of Macedonia, the <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Patriotic_Organization" title="Macedonian Patriotic Organization">Macedonian Patriotic Organization</a> has also promoted the idea of Macedonian Slavs being Bulgarians.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Nation-building" title="Nation-building">nation-building</a> process was <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Communist_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Communist Federation">politically motivated</a> and later reinforced by strong <i>Bulgarophobia</i> and <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslavism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new authorities began a policy of removing of any Bulgarian influence and creating a distinct Slavic consciousness that would inspire identification with Yugoslavia.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the proclamation of the new <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia">Socialist Republic of Macedonia</a>, there were measures taken that would overcome the pro-Bulgarian feeling among the population.<sup id="cite_ref-Djokic_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Djokic-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been claimed that from 1944 till the end of the 1940s people espousing a Bulgarian ethnic identity had been oppressed.<sup id="cite_ref-Djokic_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Djokic-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Bulgarian sources more than 100,000 men were imprisoned and some 1,200 prominent Bulgarians were sentenced to death.<sup id="cite_ref-Djokic_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Djokic-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the inconsistent policy towards the Macedonian Bulgarians followed by <a href="/wiki/Communist_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Bulgaria">Communist Bulgaria</a> at that time has thrown most independent observers ever since into a state of confusion, as to the real ethnicity of the population even in <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian Macedonia">Bulgarian Macedonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Practically as a consequence the rest of this people, with exception of Bulgaria proper, were eventually <a href="/wiki/Macedonism" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonism">Macedonized</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hellenization" title="Hellenization">Hellenized</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nevertheless, people with Bulgarian consciousness or <a href="/wiki/Bulgarophiles" title="Bulgarophiles">Bulgarophile</a> sentiments still live in <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the last years the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> membership of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> has seen more than 50,000 <a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(ethnic_group)" title="Macedonians (ethnic group)">Macedonians</a> applying for <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_nationality_law" title="Bulgarian nationality law">Bulgarian citizenship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to obtain it they must sign a statement declaring they are <i>Bulgarians by origin</i>. More than 90,000 Macedonian nationals have already received Bulgarian citizenship.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this phenomenon can not give precise information about how many Macedonian nationals consider themselves Bulgarians in ethnic sense, because it is widely believed that this phenomenon is caused primarily for economic reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_Demographics">Historical Demographics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Historical Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/1881%E2%80%931882_census_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="1881–1882 census of the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman General Census of 1881/82</a>, the Orthodox Christian population of the kazas currently falling within the borders of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of North Macedonia">Republic of North Macedonia</a> identified, as follows: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1226773818">.mw-parser-output .defaultleft{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .defaultcenter{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .defaultright{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .col1left td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2left td:nth-child(2),.mw-parser-output .col3left td:nth-child(3),.mw-parser-output .col4left td:nth-child(4),.mw-parser-output .col5left td:nth-child(5),.mw-parser-output .col6left td:nth-child(6),.mw-parser-output .col7left td:nth-child(7),.mw-parser-output .col8left td:nth-child(8),.mw-parser-output .col9left td:nth-child(9),.mw-parser-output .col10left td:nth-child(10),.mw-parser-output .col11left td:nth-child(11),.mw-parser-output .col12left td:nth-child(12),.mw-parser-output .col13left td:nth-child(13),.mw-parser-output .col14left td:nth-child(14),.mw-parser-output .col15left td:nth-child(15),.mw-parser-output .col16left td:nth-child(16),.mw-parser-output .col17left td:nth-child(17),.mw-parser-output .col18left td:nth-child(18),.mw-parser-output .col19left td:nth-child(19),.mw-parser-output .col20left td:nth-child(20),.mw-parser-output .col21left td:nth-child(21),.mw-parser-output .col22left td:nth-child(22),.mw-parser-output .col23left td:nth-child(23),.mw-parser-output .col24left td:nth-child(24),.mw-parser-output .col25left td:nth-child(25),.mw-parser-output .col26left td:nth-child(26),.mw-parser-output .col27left td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28left td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29left td:nth-child(29){text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col1center td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2center td:nth-child(2),.mw-parser-output .col3center td:nth-child(3),.mw-parser-output .col4center td:nth-child(4),.mw-parser-output .col5center td:nth-child(5),.mw-parser-output .col6center td:nth-child(6),.mw-parser-output .col7center td:nth-child(7),.mw-parser-output .col8center td:nth-child(8),.mw-parser-output .col9center td:nth-child(9),.mw-parser-output .col10center td:nth-child(10),.mw-parser-output .col11center td:nth-child(11),.mw-parser-output .col12center td:nth-child(12),.mw-parser-output .col13center td:nth-child(13),.mw-parser-output .col14center td:nth-child(14),.mw-parser-output .col15center td:nth-child(15),.mw-parser-output .col16center td:nth-child(16),.mw-parser-output .col17center td:nth-child(17),.mw-parser-output .col18center td:nth-child(18),.mw-parser-output .col19center td:nth-child(19),.mw-parser-output .col20center td:nth-child(20),.mw-parser-output .col21center td:nth-child(21),.mw-parser-output .col22center td:nth-child(22),.mw-parser-output .col23center td:nth-child(23),.mw-parser-output .col24center td:nth-child(24),.mw-parser-output .col25center td:nth-child(25),.mw-parser-output .col26center td:nth-child(26),.mw-parser-output .col27center td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28center td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29center td:nth-child(29){text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .col1right td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2right td:nth-child(2),.mw-parser-output .col3right td:nth-child(3),.mw-parser-output .col4right td:nth-child(4),.mw-parser-output .col5right td:nth-child(5),.mw-parser-output .col6right td:nth-child(6),.mw-parser-output .col7right td:nth-child(7),.mw-parser-output .col8right td:nth-child(8),.mw-parser-output .col9right td:nth-child(9),.mw-parser-output .col10right td:nth-child(10),.mw-parser-output .col11right td:nth-child(11),.mw-parser-output .col12right td:nth-child(12),.mw-parser-output .col13right td:nth-child(13),.mw-parser-output .col14right td:nth-child(14),.mw-parser-output .col15right td:nth-child(15),.mw-parser-output .col16right td:nth-child(16),.mw-parser-output .col17right td:nth-child(17),.mw-parser-output .col18right td:nth-child(18),.mw-parser-output .col19right td:nth-child(19),.mw-parser-output .col20right td:nth-child(20),.mw-parser-output .col21right td:nth-child(21),.mw-parser-output .col22right td:nth-child(22),.mw-parser-output .col23right td:nth-child(23),.mw-parser-output .col24right td:nth-child(24),.mw-parser-output .col25right td:nth-child(25),.mw-parser-output .col26right td:nth-child(26),.mw-parser-output .col27right td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28right td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29right td:nth-child(29){text-align:right}</style> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable defaultright col1left"> <caption>Orthodox Christian ethnoconfessional groups as per 1881-82 Ottoman Census<sup id="cite_ref-Karpat1881_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karpat1881-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" style="width:160pt;background:#D3D3D3">Kaza<sup><b>1</b></sup> </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#FFD0C0;" colspan="2">Bulgarian<br />Exarchist </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#FFD700;" colspan="2">Greek/Serbian Patriarchist </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:70pt;">Number </th> <th style="width:8pt;">% </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Number </th> <th style="width:8pt;">% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Köprülü / <a href="/wiki/Veles,_North_Macedonia" title="Veles, North Macedonia">Veles</a></td> <td>32,843</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">98.7</td> <td>420</td> <td>1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tikveş</td> <td>21,319</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">98.8</td> <td>260</td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gevgili / <a href="/wiki/Gevgelija" title="Gevgelija">Gevgelija</a></td> <td>5,784</td> <td>28.4</td> <td>14,558</td> <td style="background:#FFD700;">71.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Toyran / <a href="/wiki/Dojran" title="Dojran">Dojran</a></td> <td>5,605</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">77.0</td> <td>1,591</td> <td>22.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Usturumca/ <a href="/wiki/Strumica" title="Strumica">Strumica</a></td> <td>2,974</td> <td>17.8</td> <td>13,726</td> <td style="background:#FFD700;">82.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Üsküp / <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></td> <td>22,497</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">77.2</td> <td>6,655</td> <td>22.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Karatova / <a href="/wiki/Kratovo,_North_Macedonia" title="Kratovo, North Macedonia">Kratovo</a></td> <td>19,618</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">81.8</td> <td>4,332</td> <td>18.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kumanova / <a href="/wiki/Kumanovo" title="Kumanovo">Kumanovo</a></td> <td>29,478</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">70.1</td> <td>12,268</td> <td>29.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Planka/ <a href="/wiki/Kriva_Palanka" title="Kriva Palanka">Kriva Palanka</a></td> <td>18,196</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">97.9</td> <td>388</td> <td>2.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>İştip / <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tip" title="Štip">Štip</a></td> <td>17,575</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">100</td> <td>0</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kaçana / <a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Dani" title="Kočani">Kočani</a></td> <td>33,120</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">99.8</td> <td>83</td> <td>0.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Radovişt / <a href="/wiki/Radovi%C5%A1" title="Radoviš">Radoviš</a></td> <td>7,364</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">100.0</td> <td>0</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kalkandelen / <a href="/wiki/Tetovo" title="Tetovo">Tetovo</a></td> <td>9,830</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">66.3</td> <td>4,990</td> <td>33.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Monastir / <a href="/wiki/Bitola" title="Bitola">Bitola</a></td> <td>61,494</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">60.0</td> <td>41,077</td> <td>40.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ohri / <a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</a></td> <td>33,306</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">91.6</td> <td>3,049</td> <td>8.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pirlepe / <a href="/wiki/Prilep" title="Prilep">Prilep</a></td> <td>43,763</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">97.2</td> <td>1,248</td> <td>2.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kirçova / <a href="/wiki/Ki%C4%8Devo" title="Kičevo">Kičevo</a></td> <td>20,879</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">99.7</td> <td>64</td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;background:#D3D3D3;">Republic of North Macedonia borders</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">385,645</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">81.4</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">88,229</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">18.6 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17"><div style="font-size:85%;"><sup><b>1</b></sup> The kaza of Dibra did not participate in the census.</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BASA-10K-3-714-3(1)-Todor_Alexandrov,_Nice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BASA-10K-3-714-3%281%29-Todor_Alexandrov%2C_Nice.jpg/220px-BASA-10K-3-714-3%281%29-Todor_Alexandrov%2C_Nice.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BASA-10K-3-714-3%281%29-Todor_Alexandrov%2C_Nice.jpg/330px-BASA-10K-3-714-3%281%29-Todor_Alexandrov%2C_Nice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BASA-10K-3-714-3%281%29-Todor_Alexandrov%2C_Nice.jpg/440px-BASA-10K-3-714-3%281%29-Todor_Alexandrov%2C_Nice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3241" data-file-height="4728" /></a><figcaption>Todor Aleksandrov a notorious Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1226773818"> <table class="wikitable sortable defaultright col1left"> <caption>Orthodox Christians by church allegiance in the Sanjaks of Üsküb, Monastir, Salonika, Siroz and Drama as per the 1881-82<sup id="cite_ref-Karpat1881_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karpat1881-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1905-06 Ottoman Census<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" style="width:160pt;background:#D3D3D3">Sanjak </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#FFD0C0;" colspan="2">Bulgarian<br />Exarchist 1881-82 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#FFD700;" colspan="2">Greek/Serb Patriarchist 1881-02 </th> <th colspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; background:#D3D3D3;">Total Orthodox 1881-82 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#FFD0C0;" colspan="2">Bulgarian<br />Exarchist 1906-07 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#FFD700;" colspan="2">Greek/Serb Patriarchist 1906-07 </th> <th colspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; background:#D3D3D3;">Total Orthodox 1906-07 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:70pt;">Number </th> <th style="width:8pt;">% </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Number </th> <th style="width:8pt;">% </th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;width:10pt;">Number </th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;width:8pt;">% </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Number </th> <th style="width:8pt;">% </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Number </th> <th style="width:8pt;">% </th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;width:10pt;">Number </th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;width:8pt;">% </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_%C3%9Csk%C3%BCb" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanjak of Üsküb">Sanjak of Üsküb</a></td> <td>147,848</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">95.3</td> <td>7,248</td> <td>4.7</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>155,096</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b></td> <td>181,123</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">86.9</td> <td>27,290</td> <td>13.1</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>208,413</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Monastir" title="Sanjak of Monastir">Sanjak of Monastir</a></td> <td>162,796</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">69.2</td> <td>72,600</td> <td>30.8</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>235,396</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b></td> <td>161,958</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">61.2</td> <td>102,602</td> <td>38.8</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>264,560</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Salonica" title="Sanjak of Salonica">Sanjak of Salonica</a></td> <td>95,807</td> <td>33.2</td> <td>192,444</td> <td style="background:#FFD700;">66.8</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>288,251</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b></td> <td>92,752</td> <td>30.5</td> <td>211,389</td> <td style="background:#FFD700;">69.5</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>304,141</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Siroz" title="Sanjak of Siroz">Sanjak of Siroz</a></td> <td>123,437</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">63.4</td> <td>70,459</td> <td>36.6</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>193,896</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b></td> <td>131,476</td> <td style="background:#FFD0C0;">61.5</td> <td>82,334</td> <td>38.5</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>213,810</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Drama" title="Sanjak of Drama">Sanjak of Drama</a></td> <td>3,440</td> <td>19.4</td> <td>14,324</td> <td style="background:#FFD700;">80.6</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>17,764</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b></td> <td>5,194</td> <td>13.9</td> <td>32,307</td> <td style="background:#FFD700;">86.1</td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>37,501</b></td> <td style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;"><b>100.00</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;background:#D3D3D3;">Five Macedonian Sanjaks</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">533,328</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">59.9</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">357,075</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">40.1</th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">890,403</th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">100.00</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">572,503</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">55.7</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">455,922</th> <th style="text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">44.3</th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">1,028,425</th> <th style="border: 2px solid black;text-align:right;background:#D3D3D3;">100.00 </th></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Macedonian_Bulgarians" title="List of Macedonian Bulgarians">List of Macedonian Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Albania" title="Bulgarians in Albania">Bulgarians in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization" title="Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization">Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(terminology)" title="Macedonia (terminology)">Macedonia (terminology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_nationalism" title="Macedonian nationalism">Macedonian nationalism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/gp2/gp_18.htm">South Slavic immigration in America</a>, George J. Prpic, John Carroll University, Twayne Publishers. A division of G. K. Hall & Co., Boston., 1978, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8057-8413-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8057-8413-6">0-8057-8413-6</a>, p. 212.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=npQ6Hd3G4kgC&dq=macedonian+bulgarians&pg=PA691">Harvard encyclopedia of American ethnic groups</a>, Stephan Thernstrom, Ann Orlov, Oscar Handlin Edition: 2, Published by Harvard University Press, 1980 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-37512-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-37512-2">0-674-37512-2</a>, p. 691.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UihiAAAAMAAJ&q=macedono-bulgarians">Minderheiten und Sprachkontakt</a>, Ulrich Ammon, Peter H Nelde, Klaus J Mattheier, Published by Niemeyer, 1990, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-484-60346-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-484-60346-1">3-484-60346-1</a>, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Cambridge history of Turkey: Turkey in the modern world, Reşat Kasaba, Cambridge University Press, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-62096-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-62096-1">0-521-62096-1</a>,p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarinov2009" class="citation book cs1">Marinov, Tchavdar (2009). "We, the Macedonians: The Paths of Macedonian Supra-Nationalism (1878–1912)". In Diana Mishkova (ed.). <i>We, the People: Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe</i>. Budapest / New York: CEU Press. p. 116.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=We%2C+the+Macedonians%3A+The+Paths+of+Macedonian+Supra-Nationalism+%281878%E2%80%931912%29&rft.btitle=We%2C+the+People%3A+Politics+of+National+Peculiarity+in+Southeastern+Europe&rft.place=Budapest+%2F+New+York&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=CEU+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Marinov&rft.aufirst=Tchavdar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacedonian+Bulgarians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Етнография на Македония (Извори и материали в два тома), Автор: Колектив под редакцията на доц. Маргарита Василева, Обем: 853 стр. Издател: Българска Академия на Науките, Година: 1992.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sources of Bulgarian Ethnography. Volume 3. Ethnography of Macedonia. Materials from the Archive Heritage. Sofia, 1998; Publication: Ethnologia Bulgarica. Yearbook of Bulgarian Ethnology and Folklore (2/2001) Author Name: Nikolova, Vanya; Language: English, Subject: Anthropology, Issue: 2/2001,Page Range: 143-144</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Groups of Bulgarian population and ethnographic groups, Publication: Bulgarian Ethnology (3/1987ч Author: Simeonova, Gatya; Language: Bulgarian, Subject: Anthropology, Issue: 3/1987, Page Range: 55-63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National military history museum of Bulgaria, fond 260</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoulton2000" class="citation book cs1">Poulton, Hugh (22 April 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8_zeaeTOz6YC&dq=Despite+these+promises+the+insurgents+flew+Bulgarian+flags+everywhere&pg=PA57"><i>Who are the Macedonians by Hugh Poulton - p. 57</i></a>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-21359-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-253-21359-2"><bdi>0-253-21359-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+are+the+Macedonians+by+Hugh+Poulton+-+p.+57.&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2000-04-22&rft.isbn=0-253-21359-2&rft.aulast=Poulton&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8_zeaeTOz6YC%26dq%3DDespite%2Bthese%2Bpromises%2Bthe%2Binsurgents%2Bflew%2BBulgarian%2Bflags%2Beverywhere%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacedonian+Bulgarians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Most of the Balkans were settled by Slavs of one of the two types. (excluding the smaller groups of Slavic Slovenes and Turkic Avars in the western Balkans). Each one of these two main Slavic groups was to be named for a second conquering group who appeared later in the seventh century. The first of these two groups was the Bulgaro-Macedonians, whose Slavic component the Bulgarian historian Zlatarski derives from the Antes. They were conquered in the late 7th century by the Turkic Bulgars. The Slavs eventually assimilated them, but the Bulgars' name survived. It denoted this Slavic group from the 9th century through the rest of the medieval period into modern days. Until the late nineteenth century both outside observers and those Bulgaro-Macedonians who had an ethnic consciousness believed that their group, which is now two separate nationalities, comprised a single people, the Bulgarians. Thus the reader should ignore references to ethnic Macedonians in the Middle Ages which appear in some modern works. In the Middle Ages and into the nineteenth century, the term Macedonian was used entirely in reference to a geographical region. Anyone who lived within its confines, regardless of nationality, could be called a Macedonian. Nevertheless, the absence of a national consciousness in the past is no grounds to reject the Macedonians as a nationality today.</i> For more see: <a href="/wiki/John_Van_Antwerp_Fine_Jr." title="John Van Antwerp Fine Jr.">John Van Antwerp Fine</a>, The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century, University of Michigan Press, 1991, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0472081497" title="Special:BookSources/0472081497">0472081497</a>, pp. 36-37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ppbuavUZKEwC&q=Crampton">Who are the Macedonians?</a> Hugh Poulton, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-534-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-534-0">1-85065-534-0</a>, p. 19-20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Откако биле освоени граничните византиски земји, од времето на Симеон е изменета и воената концепција. Извршена е симбиоза помеѓу малубројните азиски Прабугари и бројните словенски племиња кои на широкиот простор од Дунав на север, до Егеја на југ и од Јадран на запад, до Црното Море на исток го прифатиле заедничкиот етникон „Бугари”. Словенскиот јазик станал заеднички за сите жители на тој простор. Протобугарите се претопиле и исчезнале во словенските маси, а со нив и моделот на номадските воени хорди кои што живеат во аули.</i>, For more see: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kroraina.com/knigi/im3/im_6_1.htm">Средновековни градови и тврдини во Македонија, Иван Микулчиќ, Македонска академија на науките и уметностите – Скопје, 1996, стр. 72.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kroraina.com/knigi/da/da_summary.htm">Formation of the Bulgarian Nation, Academician Dimitŭr Simeonov Angelov, Summary, Sofia-Press, 1978, pp. 413–415.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Within Greece, and also within the new kingdom of Yugoslavia, which Serbia had joined in 1918, the ejection of the Bulgarian church, the closure of Bulgarian schools, and the banning of publication in Bulgarian, together with the expulsion or flight to Bulgaria of a large proportion of the Macedonian Slav intelligentsia, served as the prelude to campaigns of forcible cultural and linguistic assimilation...In both countries, these policies of de-bulgarization and assimilation were pursued, with fluctuating degrees of vigor, right through to 1941, when the Second World War engulfed the Balkan peninsula. The degree of these policies' success, however, remains open to question. The available evidence suggests that Bulgarian national sentiment among the Macedonian Slavs of Yugoslavia and Greece remained strong throughout the interwar period, though they lacked the means to offer more than passive resistance to official policies." For more see: F. A. K. Yasamee, Nationality in the Balkans: The case of the Macedonians. Balkans: A Mirror of the New World Order, Istanbul: Eren Publishing, 1995; pp. 121–132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"As in Kosovo, the restoration of Serbian rule in 1918, to which the Strumica district and several other Bulgarian frontier salients accrued in 1919 (Bulgaria also having lost all its Aegean coastline to Greece), marked the replay of the first Serbian occupation (1913–1915). Once again, the Exarchist clergy and Bulgarian teachers were expelled, all Bulgarian-language signs and books removed, and all Bulgarian clubs, societies, and organizations dissolved, The Serbianization of family surnames proceeded as before the war, with Stankov becoming Stankovic and Atanasov entered in the books by Atanackovic... Thousands of Macedonians left for Bulgaria. Though there were fewer killings of "Bulgarians" (a pro-Bulgarian source claimed 342 such instances and 47 additional disappearances in 1918 – 1924), the conventional forms of repression (jailings, internments etc.) were applied more systematically and with greater effect than before (the same source lists 2,900 political arrests in the same period)... Like Kosovo, Macedonia was slated for Serb settlements and internal colonization. The authorities projected the settlement of 50,000 families in Macedonia, though only 4,200 families had been placed in 280 colonies by 1940." For more see: Ivo Banac, "The National Question in Yugoslavia. Origins, History, Politics" The Macedoine, Cornell University Press, 1984; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0801416752" title="Special:BookSources/0801416752">0801416752</a>, pp. 307–328.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<i>At the end of the World War I there were very few historians or ethnographers, who claimed that a separate Macedonian nation existed... Of those Macedonian Slavs who had developed then some sense of national identity, the majority probably considered themselves to be Bulgarians, although they were aware of differences between themselves and the inhabitants of Bulgaria... The question as of whether a Macedonian nation actually existed in the 1940s when a Communist Yugoslavia decided to recognize one is difficult to answer. Some observers argue that even at this time it was doubtful whether the Slavs from Macedonia considered themselves to be a nationality separate from the Bulgarians</i>." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmesOn_HhfEC&dq=Bulgaria's+Macedonia:+Nation-building+and+state-building&pg=PA66"><i>The Macedonian conflict: ethnic nationalism in a transnational world</i></a>, Loring M. Danforth, Princeton University Press, 1997, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-04356-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-04356-6">0-691-04356-6</a>, pp. 65–66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>"Most of the Slavophone inhabitants in all parts of divided Macedonia, perhaps a million and a half in all – had a Bulgarian national consciousness at the beginning of the Occupation; and most Bulgarians, whether they supported the Communists, VMRO, or the collaborating government, assumed that all Macedonia would fall to Bulgaria after the WWII. Tito was determined that this should not happen. The first Congress of AVNOJ in November 1942 had parented equal rights to all the 'peoples of Yugoslavia', and specified the Macedonians among them.</i>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bhNG-62oEcQC&pg=PA67"><i>The struggle for Greece, 1941–1949</i></a>, Christopher Montague Woodhouse, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-492-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-492-1">1-85065-492-1</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Yugoslav Communists recognized the existence of a Macedonian nationality during WWII to quiet fears of the Macedonian population that a communist Yugoslavia would continue to follow the former Yugoslav policy of forced <a href="/wiki/Serbianization" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbianization">Serbianization</a>. Hence, for them to recognize the inhabitants of Macedonia as Bulgarians would be tantamount to admitting that they should be part of the Bulgarian state. For that the Yugoslav Communists were most anxious to mold Macedonian history to fit their conception of Macedonian consciousness. The treatment of Macedonian history in Communist Yugoslavia had the same primary goal as the creation of the Macedonian language: to de-Bulgarize the Macedonian Slavs and to create a separate national consciousness that would inspire identification with Yugoslavia." For more see: Stephen E. Palmer, Robert R. King, Yugoslav communism and the Macedonian question, Archon Books, 1971, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0208008217" title="Special:BookSources/0208008217">0208008217</a>, Chapter 9: The encouragement of Macedonian culture.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"No doubt, the vast majority of the Macedonian peasants, being neither communists nor members of IMRO (United), had not been previously affected by Macedonian national ideology. The British officials who attempted to tackle this issue in the 1940s noted the pro-Bulgarian sentiment of many peasants and pointed out that Macedonian nationhood rested ‘<i>on rather shaky historical and philological foundations</i>’ and, therefore, had to be constructed by the Macedonian leadership." Livanios, D. (2008), The Macedonian Question: Britain and the Southern Balkans 1939–1949.: Oxford University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0191528722" title="Special:BookSources/0191528722">0191528722</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As <a href="/wiki/David_Fromkin" title="David Fromkin">David Fromkin</a> (1993, p. 71) confirms: “even as late as 1945, Slavic Macedonia had no national identity of its own." Nikolaos Zahariadis (2005) Essence of Political Manipulation: Emotion, Institutions, & Greek Foreign Policy, Peter Lang, p. 85, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0820479039" title="Special:BookSources/0820479039">0820479039</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ivo Banac, The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics, Cornell University Press, 1988, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0801494931" title="Special:BookSources/0801494931">0801494931</a>, p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZMyZdvTympMC&pg=PA123">Dejan Djokić, Yugoslavism: histories of a failed idea, 1918–1992</a></i>, p. 123, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bulgarians (described in encyclopaedia as "Slavs, the bulk of which is regarded by almost all independent sources as Bulgarians"): 1,150,000, whereof, 1,000,000 Orthodox and 150,000 Muslims (the so-called Pomaks); Turks: c. 500,000 (Muslims); Greeks: c. 250,000, whereof c. 240,000 Orthodox and 14,000 Muslims; Albanians: c. 120,000, whereof 10,000 Orthodox and 110,000 Muslims; Vlachs: c. 90,000 Orthodox and 3,000 Muslims; Jews: c. 75,000; Roma: c. 50,000, whereof 35,000 Orthodox and 15,000 Muslims; In total 1,300,000 Christians (almost exclusively Orthodox), 800,000 Muslims, 75,000 Jews, a total population of c. 2,200,000 for the whole of Macedonia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Journal of Modern Greek Studies 14.2 (1996) 253-301 Nationalism and Identity Politics in the Balkans: Greece and the Macedonian Question by Victor Roudometof.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">We, the People: Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe, Diana Mishkova, Central European University Press, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-9776-28-9" title="Special:BookSources/963-9776-28-9">963-9776-28-9</a>, p. 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nationality on the Balkans. The case of the Macedonians, by F. A. K. Yasamee. (Balkans: A Mirror of the New World Order, Istanbul: EREN, 1995; pp. 121-132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qYAwZFwyYdwC&dq=Chris+Woodhouse+Struggle+for+Greece+1941-1949&pg=PR25">The struggle for Greece, 1941–1949</a>, Christopher Montague Woodhouse, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-492-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-492-1">1-85065-492-1</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j_NbmSoRsRcC&dq=who+are+the+macedonians&pg=PP1">Who are the Macedonians?</a> Hugh Poulton, Hurst & Co., 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-238-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-238-0">978-1-85065-238-0</a>, pp. 101; p. 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hafLHZgZtt4C&dq=Macedonia+WWII+bulgarian+++IMRO&pg=PA808">Europe since 1945</a>. Encyclopedia by Bernard Anthony Cook. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8153-4058-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8153-4058-3">0-8153-4058-3</a>, p. 808.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loring M. Danforth, <i>The Macedonian Conflict: Ethnic Nationalism in a Transnational World</i>, 1995, Princeton University Press, p.65, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-04356-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-04356-6">0-691-04356-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Palmer, Robert King, <i>Yugoslav Communism and the Macedonian question</i>,Hamden, CT Archon Books, 1971, p.p.199-200</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Macedonian Question: Britain and the Southern Balkans 1939-1949, Dimitris Livanios, edition: Oxford University Press, US, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-923768-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-923768-9">0-19-923768-9</a>, p. 65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmesOn_HhfEC&dq=MPO++Bulgarian+Macedonian&pg=PA87">The Macedonian Conflict: Ethnic Nationalism in a Transnational World, Page 87 by Loring M. Danforth.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newbalkanpolitics.org.mk/OldSite/Issue_6/editorial.eng.asp">Mirjana Maleska. Editor-in-chief. With eyes of the others - about Macedonian-Bulgarian relations and the Macedonian national identity. New Balkan Politics - Journal of Politics. Issue 6.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070924172406/http://www.newbalkanpolitics.org.mk/OldSite/Issue_6/editorial.eng.asp">Archived</a> 2007-09-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Djokic-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Djokic_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Djokic_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Djokic_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDjokić2003" class="citation book cs1">Djokić, Dejan (2003). <i>Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918-1992</i>. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-663-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-663-0"><bdi>1-85065-663-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yugoslavism%3A+Histories+of+a+Failed+Idea%2C+1918-1992&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-85065-663-0&rft.aulast=Djoki%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Dejan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacedonian+Bulgarians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phillips-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2004" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, John (2004). <i>Macedonia: Warlords and Rebels in the Balkans</i>. I.B.Tauris. p. 40. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86064-841-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-86064-841-X"><bdi>1-86064-841-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Macedonia%3A+Warlords+and+Rebels+in+the+Balkans&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-86064-841-X&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacedonian+Bulgarians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">V, Joseph. The Communist Party of Bulgaria; Origins and Development, 1883-1936. Columbia University Press. p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Coenen-Huther, Jacques (1996). Bulgaria at the Crossroads. Nova Publishers. p.166. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56072-305-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-56072-305-X">1-56072-305-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Greece and the new Balkans: challenges and opportunities, Van Coufoudakis, Harry J. Psomiades, André Gerolymatos, Pella Pub. Co., 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-918618-72-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-918618-72-X">0-918618-72-X</a>, p. 361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZMyZdvTympMC&dq=Djoki%C4%87,+Dejan+(2003).+Yugoslavism:+Histories+of+a+Failed+Idea&pg=PA1">Yugoslavism: histories of a failed idea, 1918–1992</a>, Dejan Djokić, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-663-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-663-0">1-85065-663-0</a>, p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Проф. д-р на ист.н. Георги Димитров Даскалов, "Българите в Егейска Македония - мит или реалност", Историко- демографско изследване (1900-1990 г.). С., Македонски научен институт, София, 1996 г. Professor Georgi Daskalov, The Bulgarians in Aegean Macedonia - myth or reality; Historical-Demographic research (1900-1990 г.), С. <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Scientific_Institute" title="Macedonian Scientific Institute">Macedonian Scientific Institute</a>, Sofia, 1996, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-8187-27-2" title="Special:BookSources/954-8187-27-2">954-8187-27-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sdk.mk/index.php/makedonija/53-000-makedontsi-chekaat-bugarski-pasosh-vlastite-sakaat-da-go-skratat-rokot-na-6-mesetsi/">53.000 МАКЕДОНЦИ ЧЕКААТ БУГАРСКИ ПАСОШ, ВЛАСТИТЕ САКААТ ДА ГО СКРАТАТ РОКОТ НА 6 МЕСЕЦИ</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bnr.bg/varna/post/100908984/nad-70-000-makedonci-imat-balgarsko-grajdanstvo">Над 70 000 македонци имат българско гражданство</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Palairet, Macedonia: A Voyage through History (Vol. 2, From the Fifteenth Century to the Present), Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1443888494" title="Special:BookSources/1443888494">1443888494</a>, p. 347.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Karpat1881-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Karpat1881_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Karpat1881_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpat1985" class="citation book cs1">Karpat, K.H. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/27913581"><i>Ottoman population, 1830-1914: demographic and social characteristics</i></a>. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Pres. pp. 134–135, 140–141, 144–145.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ottoman+population%2C+1830-1914%3A+demographic+and+social+characteristics&rft.place=Madison%2C+Wis&rft.pages=134-135%2C+140-141%2C+144-145&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Pres&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Karpat&rft.aufirst=K.H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F27913581&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacedonian+Bulgarians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTilbe,_Özgür2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tilbe, Özgür (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acikerisim.sakarya.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/20.500.12619/77091/T07628.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">"Hilmi Pasha's Tenure as Inspector-General in Rumelia (1902-1908) / Hüseyin Hilmi Paşa'nın Rumeli Umumî Müfettişliği (1902-1908)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Turkish). p. 132.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hilmi+Pasha%27s+Tenure+as+Inspector-General+in+Rumelia+%281902-1908%29+%2F+H%C3%BCseyin+Hilmi+Pa%C5%9Fa%27n%C4%B1n+Rumeli+Umum%C3%AE+M%C3%BCfetti%C5%9Fli%C4%9Fi+%281902-1908%29&rft.pages=132&rft.date=2018&rft.au=Tilbe%2C+%C3%96zg%C3%BCr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facikerisim.sakarya.edu.tr%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F20.500.12619%2F77091%2FT07628.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacedonian+Bulgarians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bulgarian_diaspora" title="Template talk:Bulgarian diaspora"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgarian_diaspora" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgarian diaspora"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bulgaria&#124;link=Bulgaria_Bulgarian_diaspora" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_diaspora" title="Bulgarian diaspora">Bulgarian diaspora</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Southeast_Europe" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Albania" title="Bulgarians in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Bulgaria" title="Bulgarians in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Croatia" title="Bulgarians in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Hungary" title="Bulgarians in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macedonia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_speakers_of_Greek_Macedonia" title="Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_North_Macedonia" title="Bulgarians in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_Bulgarians" title="Bessarabian Bulgarians">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Romania" title="Bulgarians in Romania">Romania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Bulgarians" title="Banat Bulgarians">Banat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrujan_Bulgarians" title="Dobrujan Bulgarians">Dobruja</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C8%98chei" title="Șchei">Șchei</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Serbia" title="Bulgarians in Serbia">Serbia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Bulgarians" title="Banat Bulgarians">Banat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Turkey" title="Bulgarians in Turkey">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Turks_in_Turkey" title="Bulgarian Turks in Turkey">Bulgarian Turks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Ukraine" title="Bulgarians in Ukraine">Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_Bulgarians" title="Bessarabian Bulgarians">Bessarabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Bulgarians" title="Crimean Bulgarians">Crimea</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarians in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Czechoslovakia" title="Bulgarians in Czechoslovakia">Czech Rep. & Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_France" title="Bulgarians in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Germany" title="Bulgarians in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Italy" title="Bulgarians in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Spain" title="Bulgarians in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Bulgarians in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_diaspora_in_Argentina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian diaspora in Argentina (page does not exist)">Argentina</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_b%C3%BAlgara_en_Argentina" class="extiw" title="es:Inmigración búlgara en Argentina">es</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Canadians" title="Bulgarian Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Honduras" title="Bulgarians in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_diaspora_in_Mexico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian diaspora in Mexico (page does not exist)">Mexico</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_b%C3%BAlgara_en_M%C3%A9xico" class="extiw" title="es:Inmigración búlgara en México">es</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_South_America" title="Bulgarians in South America">South America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Brazilians" title="Bulgarian Brazilians">Brazil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Americans" title="Bulgarian Americans">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia and Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Australians" title="Bulgarian Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Jews_in_Israel" title="Bulgarian Jews in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Kazakhstan" title="Bulgarians in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Lebanon" title="Bulgarians in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Macedonia_(Greece)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#cedff2; color: blue; border:1px solid gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_Macedonia" title="Template:Greek Macedonia"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: blue">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_Macedonia" title="Template talk:Greek Macedonia"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: blue">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_Macedonia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek Macedonia"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: blue">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Macedonia_(Greece)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Greece)" title="Macedonia (Greece)">Macedonia (Greece)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonians" title="Ancient Macedonians">Ancient Macedonians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Macedonians" title="List of ancient Macedonians">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(Greeks)" title="Macedonians (Greeks)">Macedonians (Greeks)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Macedonians_(Greek)" title="List of Macedonians (Greek)">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Thessaloniki" title="History of the Jews in Thessaloniki">Jews of Thessaloniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_speakers_of_Greek_Macedonia" title="Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia">Slavic speakers</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macedonian Bulgarians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Macedonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Macedonians">Ethnic Macedonians</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanians" title="Aromanians">Aromanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megleno-Romanians" title="Megleno-Romanians">Megleno-Romanians</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vergina_Sun_WIPO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Vergina_Sun_WIPO.svg/75px-Vergina_Sun_WIPO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Vergina_Sun_WIPO.svg/113px-Vergina_Sun_WIPO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Vergina_Sun_WIPO.svg/150px-Vergina_Sun_WIPO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="573" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Ancient Macedonia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="History of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Government of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Macedonia" title="List of kings of Macedonia">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Wars of Alexander the Great">Wars of Alexander the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_the_Diadochi" title="Wars of the Diadochi">Wars of the Diadochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Wars" title="Macedonian Wars">Macedonian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Roman Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbarian_invasions" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbarian invasions">Barbarian invasions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(theme)" title="Macedonia (theme)">Theme of Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thessalonica_(theme)" title="Thessalonica (theme)">Theme of Thessalonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strymon_(theme)" title="Strymon (theme)">Theme of Strymon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Thessalonica_(904)" title="Sack of Thessalonica (904)">Sack of Thessalonica (904)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Bulgarian_wars" title="Byzantine–Bulgarian wars">Byzantine–Bulgarian wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Thessalonica_(1185)" title="Sack of Thessalonica (1185)">Sack of Thessalonica (1185)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Thessalonica" title="Kingdom of Thessalonica">Kingdom of Thessalonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Thessalonica" title="Empire of Thessalonica">Empire of Thessalonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1321%E2%80%931328" title="Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328">Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1341%E2%80%931347" title="Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347">Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealots_of_Thessalonica" title="Zealots of Thessalonica">Zealots of Thessalonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Ottoman_wars" title="Byzantine–Ottoman wars">Byzantine–Ottoman wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Thessalonica_(1422%E2%80%931430)" title="Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430)">Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Greece" title="Ottoman Greece">Ottoman Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumelia_Eyalet" title="Rumelia Eyalet">Rumelia Eyalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence#Macedonia" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manastir_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Manastir Vilayet">Manastir Vilayet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Monastir" title="Sanjak of Monastir">Sanjak of Monastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Serfi%C4%9Fe" title="Sanjak of Serfiğe">Sanjak of Serfiğe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salonica_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Salonica Vilayet">Salonica Vilayet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Drama" title="Sanjak of Drama">Sanjak of Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Salonica" title="Sanjak of Salonica">Sanjak of Salonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Siroz" title="Sanjak of Siroz">Sanjak of Siroz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Struggle" title="Macedonian Struggle">Macedonian Struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Macedonian front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_National_Defence" title="Provisional Government of National Defence">Provisional Government of National Defence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece" title="Axis occupation of Greece">Axis occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_naming_dispute" title="Macedonia naming dispute">Macedonia naming dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prespa_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Prespa agreement">Prespa agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">Administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Macedonia_and_Thrace" title="Ministry of Macedonia and Thrace">Ministry of Macedonia and Thrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Macedonia" title="Western Macedonia">Western Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Macedonia" title="Central Macedonia">Central Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Macedonia_and_Thrace" title="Eastern Macedonia and Thrace">Eastern Macedonia and Thrace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agios_Dimitrios_Power_Plant" title="Agios Dimitrios Power Plant">Agios Dimitrios Power Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amyntaio_Power_Plant" title="Amyntaio Power Plant">Amyntaio Power Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama_coal_mine" title="Drama coal mine">Drama coal mine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerakini_mine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerakini mine (page does not exist)">Gerakini mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympias_mine" title="Olympias mine">Olympias mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piavitsa_mine" title="Piavitsa mine">Piavitsa mine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Port_of_Kavala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Port of Kavala (page does not exist)">Port of Kavala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Thessaloniki" title="Port of Thessaloniki">Port of Thessaloniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prinos_oil_field" title="Prinos oil field">Prinos oil field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaida-Florina_coal_mine" title="Ptolemaida-Florina coal mine">Ptolemaida-Florina coal mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skouries_mine" title="Skouries mine">Skouries mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratoni_mine" title="Stratoni mine">Stratoni mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki_International_Fair" title="Thessaloniki International Fair">Thessaloniki International Fair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavala" title="Kavala">Kavala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastoria" title="Kastoria">Kastoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serres" title="Serres">Serres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veria" title="Veria">Veria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katerini" title="Katerini">Katerini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edessa,_Greece" title="Edessa, Greece">Edessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florina" title="Florina">Florina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama,_Greece" title="Drama, Greece">Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naousa,_Imathia" title="Naousa, Imathia">Naousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozani" title="Kozani">Kozani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siatista" title="Siatista">Siatista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilkis" title="Kilkis">Kilkis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cities_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities in Greece">Other</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">Nature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vardar" title="Vardar">Axios River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doiran_Lake" title="Doiran Lake">Doiran Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falakro" title="Falakro">Falakro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallikos_(river)" title="Gallikos (river)">Galikos River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haliacmon" title="Haliacmon">Haliacmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Kerkini" title="Lake Kerkini">Lake Kerkini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Koroneia" title="Lake Koroneia">Lake Koroneia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Orestiada" title="Lake Orestiada">Lake Orestiada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Prespa" title="Lake Prespa">Lake Prespa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_Prespa_Lake" title="Small Prespa Lake">Small Prespa Lake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Vegoritida" title="Lake Vegoritida">Lake Vegoritida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Volvi" title="Lake Volvi">Lake Volvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Paiko" title="Mount Paiko">Mount Paiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestos_(river)" title="Nestos (river)">Nestos (river)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangaion_Hills" title="Pangaion Hills">Pangaion Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindus" title="Pindus">Pindus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pindus_National_Park" title="Pindus National Park">Pindus National Park</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petralona_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Petralona cave">Petralona cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struma_(river)" title="Struma (river)">Strymon River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasilitsa" title="Vasilitsa">Vasilitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermio_Mountains" title="Vermio Mountains">Vermio Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kato_Vermio" title="Kato Vermio">Seli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verno" title="Verno">Verno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voras_Mountains" title="Voras Mountains">Voras Mountains</a></li> <li><b>Islands</b>: <a href="/wiki/Thasos" title="Thasos">Thasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammouliani" title="Ammouliani">Ammouliani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agios_Athanasios,_Thessaloniki" title="Agios Athanasios, Thessaloniki">Agios Athanasios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrion_(Litochoro)" title="Alexandrion (Litochoro)">Alexandrion (Litochoro)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphipolis" title="Amphipolis">Amphipolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lion_of_Amphipolis" title="Lion of Amphipolis">Lion of Amphipolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasta_Tomb" title="Kasta Tomb">Kasta Tomb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dion,_Pieria" title="Dion, Pieria">Dion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dion,_Archaeological_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Dion, Archaeological Park">Archaeological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_theatre_of_Dion" title="Hellenistic theatre of Dion">Hellenistic theatre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Athos" title="Mount Athos">Mount Athos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mieza,_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mieza, Macedonia">Mieza</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Judgement,_Lefkadia" title="Tomb of Judgement, Lefkadia">Tomb of Judgement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Palmettes" title="Tomb of the Palmettes">Tomb of the Palmettes</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleochristian_and_Byzantine_monuments_of_Thessaloniki" title="Paleochristian and Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki">Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pella" title="Pella">Pella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippi" title="Philippi">Philippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platamon_Castle" title="Platamon Castle">Platamon Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vergina" title="Vergina">Vergina</a></li> <li><i>Museums </i>: <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Amphipolis" title="Archaeological Museum of Amphipolis">Archaeological Museum of Amphipolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aiani_Archaeological_Museum" title="Aiani Archaeological Museum">Aiani Archaeological Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dion,_Archaeological_Museum" title="Dion, Archaeological Museum">Archaeological Museum of Dion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Pella" title="Archaeological Museum of Pella">Archaeological Museum of Pella</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Thessaloniki" title="Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki">Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Byzantine_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of Byzantine culture">Museum of Byzantine culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; background: #cedff2;">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vergina_Sun" title="Vergina Sun">Vergina Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Macedonia_(Greece)" title="Flag of Macedonia (Greece)">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Macedonia_(Greece)" title="Music of Macedonia (Greece)">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_cuisine_(Greek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian cuisine (Greek)">Cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background: #cedff2;"><div><b>Greek Macedonia Portal</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&oldid=1260206995">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macedonian_Bulgarians&oldid=1260206995</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Macedonian_Bulgarians" title="Category:Macedonian Bulgarians">Macedonian Bulgarians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Macedonia_(region)" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Macedonia (region)">Ethnic groups in Macedonia (region)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Macedonia_(region)" title="Category:History of Macedonia (region)">History of Macedonia (region)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th_century_in_Bulgaria" title="Category:20th century in Bulgaria">20th century in Bulgaria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bulgaria%E2%80%93North_Macedonia_relations" title="Category:Bulgaria–North Macedonia relations">Bulgaria–North Macedonia relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bulgarians_from_Aegean_Macedonia" title="Category:Bulgarians from Aegean Macedonia">Bulgarians from Aegean Macedonia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Blagoevgrad_Province" title="Category:People from Blagoevgrad Province">People from Blagoevgrad Province</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Greece" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Greece">Ethnic groups in Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Demographics_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Category:Demographics of the Ottoman Empire">Demographics of the 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