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Kiparstvo – Wikipedija
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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kiparske_tehnike" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kiparske_tehnike"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kiparske tehnike</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kiparske_tehnike-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Podjela_skulptura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Podjela_skulptura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Podjela skulptura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Podjela_skulptura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povijest_kiparstva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povijest_kiparstva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Povijest kiparstva</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povijest_kiparstva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kiparski_elementi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kiparski_elementi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kiparski elementi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kiparski_elementi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kiparstvo_i_graditeljstvo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kiparstvo_i_graditeljstvo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kiparstvo i graditeljstvo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kiparstvo_i_graditeljstvo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjske_poveznice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vanjske poveznice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kiparstvo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 134 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-134" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">134 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beeldhoukuns" title="Beeldhoukuns – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Beeldhoukuns" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%AA" title="نحت – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نحت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%AA" title="نحت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نحت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heyk%C9%99ltara%C5%9Fl%C4%B1q" title="Heykəltaraşlıq – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Heykəltaraşlıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скульптура – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Скульптура" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buidhauarei" title="Buidhauarei – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Buidhauarei" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolpt%C5%ABra" title="Skolptūra – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Skolptūra" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iskultura" title="Iskultura – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Iskultura" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скульптура – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Скульптура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скульптура – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Скульптура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скулптура – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Скулптура" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="ভাস্কর্য – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভাস্কর্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizella%C3%B1" title="Kizellañ – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kizellañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptura" title="Skulptura – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Skulptura" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskultura" title="Eskultura – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Eskultura" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%9F%E1%8E%B6%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%85" title="ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ – čerokijski" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čerokijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="پەیکەرتاشی – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پەیکەرتاشی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scultura" title="Scultura – korzički" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Scultura" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korzički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eykel" title="Eykel – krimski turski" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Eykel" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimski turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socha%C5%99stv%C3%AD" title="Sochařství – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sochařství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerfluniaeth" title="Cerfluniaeth – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cerfluniaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptur" title="Skulptur – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skulptur" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bildhauerkunst" title="Bildhauerkunst – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bildhauerkunst" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heykel" title="Heykel – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Heykel" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Γλυπτική – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλυπτική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sculpture" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptarto" title="Skulptarto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Skulptarto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptuur" title="Skulptuur – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Skulptuur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskulturagintza" title="Eskulturagintza – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskulturagintza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="مجسمهسازی – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مجسمهسازی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuvanveisto" title="Kuvanveisto – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuvanveisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptuur" title="Skulptuur – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Skulptuur" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sculpture" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculture" title="Sculture – furlanski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sculture" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptuer" title="Skulptuer – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skulptuer" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dealbh%C3%B3ireacht" title="Dealbhóireacht – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dealbhóireacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%95%E5%88%BB" title="雕刻 – gan kineski" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="雕刻" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skiltir" title="Skiltir – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Skiltir" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91e%C3%B1op%C4%A9" title="Ñeñopĩ – gvaranski" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñeñopĩ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jallooderys" title="Jallooderys – manski" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Jallooderys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C" title="פיסול – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיסול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="मूर्ति कला – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मूर्ति कला" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Sculpture" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskilti" title="Eskilti – haićanski kreolski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Eskilti" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haićanski kreolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szobr%C3%A1szat" title="Szobrászat – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szobrászat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Քանդակագործություն – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քանդակագործություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Քանդակագործութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Քանդակագործութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculptura" title="Sculptura – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sculptura" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni_patung" title="Seni patung – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Seni patung" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskultura" title="Eskultura – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Eskultura" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulto" title="Skulto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Skulto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6ggmyndalist" title="Höggmyndalist – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Höggmyndalist" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scultura" title="Scultura – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scultura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BD%AB%E5%88%BB" title="彫刻 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="彫刻" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolpcha" title="Skolpcha – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Skolpcha" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ქანდაკება – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქანდაკება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasre%C9%A3ta" title="Tasreɣta – kabilski" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tasreɣta" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C9%A3%CA%8A%CA%8A_t%CA%8Am%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Saɣʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Saɣʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Мүсіндеме – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мүсіндеме" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA" title="ಶಿಲ್ಪ – karnatački" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶಿಲ್ಪ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="karnatački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EA%B0%81" title="조각 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조각" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyker" title="Peyker – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Peyker" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravyans" title="Gravyans – kornski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gravyans" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculptura" title="Sculptura – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sculptura" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskultura" title="Eskultura – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Eskultura" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculta" title="Sculta – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sculta" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beildhouwkuns" title="Beildhouwkuns – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Beildhouwkuns" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoltura" title="Scoltura – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Scoltura" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulpt%C5%ABra" title="Skulptūra – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Skulptūra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%93lniec%C4%ABba" title="Tēlniecība – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tēlniecība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Скульптурась – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Скульптурась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokitra" title="Sokitra – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sokitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Вајарство – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вајарство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2" title="ശില്പകല – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശില്പകല" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="शिल्पकला – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शिल्पकला" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni_arca" title="Seni arca – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Seni arca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skultura" title="Skultura – malteški" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Skultura" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scultura" title="Scultura – mirandski" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Scultura" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%AF" title="ပန်းပု – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပန်းပု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scultura" title="Scultura – napolitanski" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Scultura" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bildhaueree" title="Bildhaueree – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Bildhaueree" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beeldhouwkunst" title="Beeldhouwkunst – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beeldhouwkunst" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stchulptuthe" title="Stchulptuthe – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Stchulptuthe" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮੂਰਤੀਕਲਾ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੂਰਤੀਕਲਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rze%C5%BAbiarstwo" title="Rzeźbiarstwo – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rzeźbiarstwo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="بت سازی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بت سازی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CE%BD" title="Γλυπτικήν – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Γλυπτικήν" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A" title="مجسمه سازي – paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مجسمه سازي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura" title="Escultura – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escultura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%27iquy" title="Ch'iquy – kečuanski" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ch'iquy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculptur%C4%83" title="Sculptură – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sculptură" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скульптура – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Скульптура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скулптура – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Скулптура" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scultura" title="Scultura – sicilijski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scultura" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%99%DA%BB" title="مجسما جوڙڻ – sindski" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مجسما جوڙڻ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptura" title="Skulptura – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Skulptura" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BA" title="මූර්ති ශිල්පය – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මූර්ති ශිල්පය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sculpture" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soch%C3%A1rstvo" title="Sochárstvo – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sochárstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiparstvo" title="Kiparstvo – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kiparstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptura" title="Skulptura – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Skulptura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Вајарство – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вајарство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bieldehauer%C3%A4i" title="Bieldehaueräi – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Bieldehaueräi" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulptur" title="Skulptur – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Skulptur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchongaji" title="Uchongaji – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uchongaji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சிற்பம் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிற்பம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82" title="శిల్పం – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="శిల్పం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="ประติมากรรม – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประติมากรรม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilok" title="Lilok – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Lilok" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejk%C9%99lt%C9%99ro%C5%A1%C9%99ti" title="Hejkəltərošəti – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Hejkəltərošəti" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heykel" title="Heykel – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Heykel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скульптура – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Скульптура" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%81_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="مجسمہ سازی – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مجسمہ سازی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haykaltaroshlik" title="Haykaltaroshlik – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Haykaltaroshlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scultura" title="Scultura – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Scultura" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skul%27ptur" title="Skul'ptur – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Skul'ptur" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%C3%AAu_kh%E1%BA%AFc" title="Điêu khắc – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điêu khắc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scultreye" title="Scultreye – valonski" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Scultreye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iskultura" title="Iskultura – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Iskultura" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatt" title="Yatt – volof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Yatt" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="volof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%95%E5%A1%91" title="雕塑 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="雕塑" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ნაწახნაკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნაწახნაკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8" title="סקולפטור – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סקולפטור" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%C3%AAldouwkunst" title="Beêldouwkunst – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Beêldouwkunst" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%95%E5%A1%91" title="雕塑 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="雕塑" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" 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data-file-height="183" /></span></span> <i>»Kipar«, »zviježđe« i »<a href="/wiki/Kipar_(zvije%C5%BE%C4%91e)" title="Kipar (zviježđe)">Kipar (zviježđe)</a>« preusmjeravaju ovamo.</i> <i>Za druga značenja pogledajte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kipar_(razdvojba)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kipar (razdvojba) (stranica ne postoji)">Kipar (razdvojba)</a></i>. </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:VenusWillendorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/VenusWillendorf.jpg/220px-VenusWillendorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/VenusWillendorf.jpg/330px-VenusWillendorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/VenusWillendorf.jpg/440px-VenusWillendorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/Venera_iz_Willendorfa" title="Venera iz Willendorfa">Venera iz Willendorfa</a><center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:SFEC_EGYPT_ABUSIMBEL_2006-003.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/SFEC_EGYPT_ABUSIMBEL_2006-003.JPG/220px-SFEC_EGYPT_ABUSIMBEL_2006-003.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/SFEC_EGYPT_ABUSIMBEL_2006-003.JPG/330px-SFEC_EGYPT_ABUSIMBEL_2006-003.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/SFEC_EGYPT_ABUSIMBEL_2006-003.JPG/440px-SFEC_EGYPT_ABUSIMBEL_2006-003.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1664" data-file-height="2496" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/Abu_Simbel" title="Abu Simbel">Abu Simbel</a><center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:0006MAN-Kouros2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/0006MAN-Kouros2.jpg/220px-0006MAN-Kouros2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="474" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/0006MAN-Kouros2.jpg/330px-0006MAN-Kouros2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/0006MAN-Kouros2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/Kouros" title="Kouros">Kouros</a><center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Nike_of_Samothrake_Louvre_Ma2369_n4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Nike_of_Samothrake_Louvre_Ma2369_n4.jpg/220px-Nike_of_Samothrake_Louvre_Ma2369_n4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Nike_of_Samothrake_Louvre_Ma2369_n4.jpg/330px-Nike_of_Samothrake_Louvre_Ma2369_n4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Nike_of_Samothrake_Louvre_Ma2369_n4.jpg/440px-Nike_of_Samothrake_Louvre_Ma2369_n4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2300" data-file-height="3485" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/Nika_sa_Samotrake" title="Nika sa Samotrake">Nika sa Samotrake</a><center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kiparstvo</b>, također <b>skulptura</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">lat.</a> <i>sculpere</i> = sjeći, rezati) i <b>plastika</b> (<a href="/wiki/Starogr%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Starogrčki jezik">grč.</a> <i>plassein</i> = oblikovati) grana je <a href="/wiki/Likovna_umjetnost" title="Likovna umjetnost">likovne umjetnosti</a>, vrsta likovna izražavanja trodimenzionalnim oblicima i tijelima - <a href="/wiki/Skulptura" title="Skulptura">skulpturama</a>, umjetnost oblikovanja <a href="/wiki/Volumen" class="mw-redirect" title="Volumen">volumena</a> u <a href="/wiki/Prostor" title="Prostor">prostoru</a>. </p><p>Neki teoretičari umjetnosti, npr. Marcel Bačić, strogo razlikuju termine skulptura i plastika. Kod skulpture praktično se radi o oduzimanju materijala od površine umjetničkog djela, npr. kamena kod klesanja, a kod plastike se radi o modeliranju materijala, npr. gline. Ovo značenje termina već implicira njihova etimologija. </p><p>Za razliku od slike koja ima samo dvije dimenzije (visinu i širinu), <a href="/wiki/Kip" class="mw-redirect" title="Kip">kip</a> ima i treću – dubinu; kiparsko djelo se može osjetiti, odmjeriti, pa i "pročitati" dodirom ruke, tj. taktilno – opipati. Stoga kiparsko djelo promatramo drukčije nego sliku. Da bi smo ga sagledali u cjelini, valja ga vidjeti sa svih strana. Za razliku od slike koja ima samo jednu <a href="/wiki/Kompozicija_(likovna)" title="Kompozicija (likovna)">kompoziciju</a>, kiparsko djelo sadrži toliko kompozicija, koliko ima kutova gledanja (svakim pomakom motrišta gledanja mijenja se odnos dijelova skulpture prema cjelini). </p><p><b>Kipar</b> je umjetnik koji se bavi kiparstvom. Njegov zadatak je da oblikuje (modelira) materijal s kojime radi, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Glina_(tlo)" title="Glina (tlo)">glina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamen" title="Kamen">kamen</a> i sl. Kiparstvo je umjetnost trodimenzionalnosti, stoga se naziva i <i>prostorno-plastičko oblikovanje</i>. </p><p>Kakve će oblike kipar stvarati ovisi o materijalu koji može biti savitljiv i rastezljiv – kao što su <a href="/wiki/Glina_(tlo)" title="Glina (tlo)">glina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plastelin" title="Plastelin">plastelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vosak" title="Vosak">vosak</a>, koji dopuštaju da se obliku dodaje i oduzima, dok primjerice <a href="/wiki/Drvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Drvo">drvo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamen" title="Kamen">kamen</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Bjelokost" title="Bjelokost">bjelokost</a>, zbog krutosti građe, omogućuju samo oduzimanje. </p><p>Javni kipovi, sakralni i profani, podizani su svecima i ljudima, pobjedama i porazima, znanstvenicima i vojskovođama, umjetnicima i državnicima, običnim ljudima, u spomen na različita zbivanja i pojave. (Npr. Požega i Osijek – "kužni pilovi", Zagreb – "brončani Šenoa", "Matoš na klupi" …). Uz to, kiparstvo se služi nebrojenim materijalima, ali su sva klasična kiparska djela oblikovana u drvu, kamenu, mramoru ili bronci. Svakom materijalu odgovara neka <a href="/wiki/Kiparske_tehnike" title="Kiparske tehnike">kiparska tehnika</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kiparske_tehnike">Kiparske tehnike</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Kiparske tehnike" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kiparske tehnike"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7016135">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Kiparske_tehnike" title="Kiparske tehnike">Kiparske tehnike</a></div></i></div> <p>Dva su osnovna načina kako nastaju kiparski oblici: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Modeliranj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modeliranj (stranica ne postoji)">modeliranjem</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klesanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klesanje (stranica ne postoji)">klesanjem</a> (tesanjem). <i>Modeliranje</i> je npr. kada kipar bezobličnu masu gline modelira (oblikuje) rukom, pritiskivanjem ili razvlačenjem, dodavanjem ili oduzimanjem. Kada se glina osuši ili ispeče, skulptura se stvrdne i dobiva konačni oblik koji se može umnožiti (npr. u bronci) ako po njemu napravimo kalup. Modelirati kipar može i u nizu drugih tvari: <a href="/wiki/Papir" title="Papir">papiru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karton" title="Karton">kartonu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal">metalnom</a> limu, sintetičkim materijalima, <a href="/wiki/Staklo" title="Staklo">staklu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lijevanje" title="Lijevanje">lijevanjem</a>), <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Celik" title="Čelik">čeliku</a> i dr. </p><p><i>Klesanje ili tesanje</i> podrazumijeva da se iz većeg volumena građe – <a href="/wiki/Drvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Drvo">drva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamen" title="Kamen">kamena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mramor" title="Mramor">mramora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gips" title="Gips">gipsa</a> – odlamanjem, odsijecanjem, ili klesanjem oblikuje manja željena forma. </p><p>Aristotel: <i>"… kao da je oblik bio zarobljen, utopljen u masu, a kipar ga je oslobodio odstranjujući suvišnu, vanjsku oblogu …"</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Podjela_skulptura">Podjela skulptura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Podjela skulptura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Podjela skulptura"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kiparska ili skulpturalna djela dijele se na: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skulptura" title="Skulptura">punu plastiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reljef" title="Reljef">reljef</a> - visoki, niski, udubljeni</li></ul> <p>Kip je cjelovit volumen, obrađen sa svih strana koji se promatra iz svih 360 stupnjeva; a reljef je volumen koji je obrađen samo s prednje strane, pa ga se promatra samo iz jednog motrišta, kao sliku. </p><p>Reljef može biti plitak, dubok (tj. nizak ili visok) i udubljen (uleknuti). On je na pola puta između slikarstva i kiparstva. Neki kažu da su to kipovi pritisnuti na plohu, dok drugi govore kako su to zapravo slike koje izlaze u prostor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povijest_kiparstva">Povijest kiparstva</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Povijest kiparstva" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povijest kiparstva"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_kiparstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest kiparstva (stranica ne postoji)">Povijest kiparstva</a></div></i></div> <p>Početke kiparstva nalazimo u <a href="/wiki/Paleolitik" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleolitik">paleolitiku</a>, ali velik napredak od običnog modeliranja do klesanja dogodio se u 3. tisućljeću prije Krista u <a href="/wiki/Mezopotamija" title="Mezopotamija">Mezopotamiji</a> i <a href="/wiki/Umjetnost_drevnog_Egipta" class="mw-redirect" title="Umjetnost drevnog Egipta">Egiptu</a>. </p><p>Prvu slobodnostojeću figuru ljudskog tijela stvorili su <a href="/wiki/Stari_Grci" class="mw-redirect" title="Stari Grci">stari Grci</a> koji su ustanovili i pravila i tehnike kiparstva <a href="/wiki/Antika" title="Antika">antike</a>. Najbolja <a href="/wiki/Umjetnost_starog_Rima" title="Umjetnost starog Rima">rimska</a> ostvarenja su <a href="/wiki/Portret" title="Portret">portreti</a>. U <a href="/wiki/Srednji_vijek" title="Srednji vijek">srednjem vijeku</a> se radi pretežito dekorativne reljefe na <a href="/wiki/Crkva" title="Crkva">crkvama</a>. <a href="/wiki/Renesansa" title="Renesansa">Renesansa</a> oslobađa kip arhitektonskog okvira i često prikazuje <a href="/wiki/Akt" title="Akt">akt</a> u punoj plastičnosti. <a href="/wiki/Barok" title="Barok">Barok</a> unosi u kiparstvo uzbuđenje, nemir i patetičnost. U razdoblju <a href="/wiki/Rokoko" title="Rokoko">rokokoa</a> dolazi do razvoja male plastike u <a href="/wiki/Porculan" title="Porculan">porculanu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Klasicizam" title="Klasicizam">Klasicizam</a> se vraća na antičke uzore, a <a href="/wiki/Impresionizam" title="Impresionizam">impresionizam</a> nastoji fiksirati trenutačne vizualne impresije uzbuđenja i strasti. <a href="/wiki/Ekspresionizam" title="Ekspresionizam">Ekspresionizam</a> upotrebljava stilizaciju oblika kao izraz duševnih stanja. <a href="/wiki/Apstraktna_umjetnost" title="Apstraktna umjetnost">Apstraktna skulptura</a> se odriče konkretnih oblika i predmetnim asocijacijama. </p><p>U drugoj polovici 20. stoljeća kiparstvo poseže za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Figura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Figura (stranica ne postoji)">figuralnim</a> temama, često se napuštaju klasični kiparski materijali i upotrebljavaju se sintetske mase, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pleksiglas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pleksiglas (stranica ne postoji)">pleksiglas</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezo</a> i dr. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_est_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_est_1.JPG/220px-Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_est_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_est_1.JPG/330px-Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_est_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_est_1.JPG/440px-Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_est_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/Ara_Pacis" title="Ara Pacis">Ara Pacis</a><center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Michelangelos_David.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Michelangelos_David.jpg/220px-Michelangelos_David.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Michelangelos_David.jpg/330px-Michelangelos_David.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Michelangelos_David.jpg/440px-Michelangelos_David.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/David_(Michelangelo)" title="David (Michelangelo)">David (Michelangelo)</a><center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Zdenac_%C5%BEivota_(Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87)_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Zdenac_%C5%BEivota_%28Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87%29_1.jpg/220px-Zdenac_%C5%BEivota_%28Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87%29_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Zdenac_%C5%BEivota_%28Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87%29_1.jpg/330px-Zdenac_%C5%BEivota_%28Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87%29_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Zdenac_%C5%BEivota_%28Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87%29_1.jpg/440px-Zdenac_%C5%BEivota_%28Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87%29_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/Zdenac_%C5%BEivota" title="Zdenac života">Zdenac života</a><center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:No%C4%87_muzeja_2019,_%C4%8Cakovec_-_vitrina_s_kipovima_bikova.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/No%C4%87_muzeja_2019%2C_%C4%8Cakovec_-_vitrina_s_kipovima_bikova.jpg/220px-No%C4%87_muzeja_2019%2C_%C4%8Cakovec_-_vitrina_s_kipovima_bikova.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/No%C4%87_muzeja_2019%2C_%C4%8Cakovec_-_vitrina_s_kipovima_bikova.jpg/330px-No%C4%87_muzeja_2019%2C_%C4%8Cakovec_-_vitrina_s_kipovima_bikova.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/No%C4%87_muzeja_2019%2C_%C4%8Cakovec_-_vitrina_s_kipovima_bikova.jpg/440px-No%C4%87_muzeja_2019%2C_%C4%8Cakovec_-_vitrina_s_kipovima_bikova.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><center>Mali kipovi bikova u muzejskoj izložbenoj vitrini<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kiparski_elementi">Kiparski elementi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Kiparski elementi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kiparski elementi"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Osnovni <a href="/wiki/Likovni_elementi" title="Likovni elementi">likovni elementi</a> u kiparstvu su <a href="/wiki/Volumen" class="mw-redirect" title="Volumen">volumen</a> (oblik) i <a href="/wiki/Prostor" title="Prostor">prostor</a>, s obzirom na to da kipar pri oblikovanju skulpture automatski oblikuje i prostor. Drugi likovni elementi koje kipar može koristiti i različito kombinirati su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crta (stranica ne postoji)">crta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ploha_(likovna_umjetnost)" title="Ploha (likovna umjetnost)">ploha (likovna umjetnost)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boja" title="Boja">boja</a> i <a href="/wiki/Povr%C5%A1ina" title="Površina">površina</a>. </p><p>Oblikovanjem volumena kiparstvo se služi svim izražajnim sredstvima likovnih umjetnosti: <a href="/wiki/Kompozicija_(likovna)" title="Kompozicija (likovna)">kompozicijom</a>, svjetlošću-sjenom, oblikovanjem i bojom. </p><p>Osnovno izražajno sredstvo kiparstva je <b>volumen</b>. Sve se može izraziti volumenom. Npr. kroz jedan te isti motiv, ljudskog tijela, umjetnik može iskazati potpuno različite stvari. Primjeri takvih kipova su: brončani kip <a href="/wiki/Kouros" title="Kouros">Kourosa</a> (Atena) i mramorni kip božice pobjede <a href="/wiki/Nika_sa_Samotrake" title="Nika sa Samotrake">Nike s otoka Samotrake</a> (Louvre). </p> <ul><li>Kuros – uspravan, nepomičan, simetričan, ispružena noga – jedina pokrenutost lika.</li> <li>Nika – tijelo nagnuto naprijed, sve je u pokretu, lijeva noga zabačena unatrag, koso položeno tijelo, krila se prostiru unatrag, haljina se pripija uz tijelo i vijori sa strana.</li></ul> <p>Oba kipa su <a href="/wiki/Kiparstvo_stare_Gr%C4%8Dke" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiparstvo stare Grčke">antički grčki kipovi</a>, ali prvi pripada arhajskom razdoblju grčke kulture – vrijeme smirena i suzdržanog početka razvoja grčke kulture, a drugi odražava helenističko razdoblje – vrhunac grčke kulture, njezin pokret i snagu, a istodobno nemir i napetost društva kojemu su dani odbrojani. Dakle, ova dva kipa pokazuju raznolikost i izražajnu snagu koja se krije u kiparstvu, umjetnosti oblikovanja volumena, te nas uvode u govor oblika u kojemu se svaka misao ili osjećaj mogu izreći oblikovanjem tvari. </p><p>U načinu oblikovanja volumena moguć je velik raspon: od ponavljanja prirodnih oblika, preko njihove stilizacije do sasvim novih, apstraktnih oblika. Pogledajmo samo proces stilizacije ljudske glave od prethistorijske figurice, preko rimskog portreta, i Brancusijeve "Usnule muze" do apstraktne forme. Način oblikovanja mijenja se i razvija vremenom: od naturalizma (rimski portret), do idealizacije (gotička Bogorodica), zatvorenosti renesansne skulpture ili uznemirenost barokne skulpture, do rastvorenih i pokrenutih oblika moderne skulpture (Zadkine, "Razoreni grad") ili potpuno istanjenih skulptura koje se gibaju u prostoru (A.Calder, Mobil). </p><p>Volumen može biti jedinstven i zatvoren, ostavljajući <b>prostor</b> potpuno izvan skulpture, ali opet može biti raščlanjen tako da prodire u prostor i stvara dinamičnu kompoziciju volumena i prostora. Nekada je volumen pak prožet prostorom, te tada prostor postaje sastavnim dijelom kompozicije, on se uvlači u samu jezgru volumena; volumen i prostor su izjednačeni – oba i tvore i obavijaju skulpturu. U kiparstvu, naročito u modernoj umjetnosti, takve odnose volumena i prostora nazivamo <i>pozitivnom i negativnom formom</i>. <b>Pozitivna forma</b> je onaj prostor koji skulptura zauzima od cjeline prostora, a <b>negativna forma</b> je okolni prostor, zrak koji se uvlači u skulpturu (skulptura u prostor, prostor u skulpturu). </p><p>Skulpture možemo promatrati i kao oblikovanje <b>ploha</b> volumena. Tako skulptura može biti jedinstvena i statična ako joj plohe lagano prelaze jedna u drugu, stvarajući jedva zamjetne sjene, a opet može biti jako dinamična ako se plohe lome i dopuštaju ulazak više prostora između njih i samim time stvarajući tamnije sjene. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Bronze-Sculpture_of_cranes,_Croatia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bronze-Sculpture_of_cranes%2C_Croatia.jpg/220px-Bronze-Sculpture_of_cranes%2C_Croatia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bronze-Sculpture_of_cranes%2C_Croatia.jpg/330px-Bronze-Sculpture_of_cranes%2C_Croatia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bronze-Sculpture_of_cranes%2C_Croatia.jpg/440px-Bronze-Sculpture_of_cranes%2C_Croatia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>Primjer kombinacije uglačane i hrapave površine i smeđe-plavo zelenih tonova bronce (ždralovi, Osijek)</figcaption></figure> <p>Sama <b>površina</b> skulpture može stvarati igru svjetlosti i sjena. Tako ona može biti: savršeno uglačana, hrapava ili veoma neravna. Uglačana površina je oblikovana glatkim, oblim plohama koje stvaraju blage i mekane prijelaze iz svjetla u sjenu, te se tako simulira mekoća organičke, žive tvari. Na hrapavoj površini se svjetlost oštro kida stvarajući jak kontrast svjetla i sjene, naglašavajući grubost i beživotnost materijala. </p><p><b>Linije</b> na skulpturama prepoznajemo kao mjesto spajanja prostora i volumena. One mogu biti čiste i jednostavne, ili pak izlomljene i isprekidane. Na nekim skulpturama, linije su toliko osamostaljene da je isključivo linijama izvedena obrada površine, one postaju crteži u volumenu. No pravi crteži u volumenu su skulpture linijski istanjene mase, tako da se zapravo sastoji jedino od prostornih linija koje uokviruju prostor (kao crte koje uokviruju plohe u klasičnom crtežu). </p><p><b>Boja</b> skulpture najčešće je prirodna boja samog materijala, npr. Bjelina mramora, smeđe-zeleni tonovi bronce i dr. Osim toga, boja može biti i nanesena nakon oblikovanja volumena, bilo da naglasi pojedine dijelove skulpture (da ih raščlani) ili da ih ujedini jedinstvenom bojom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kiparstvo_i_graditeljstvo">Kiparstvo i graditeljstvo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Kiparstvo i graditeljstvo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kiparstvo i graditeljstvo"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kiparstvo je prije, sve do sredine 19. stoljeća, bilo više vezano za arhitekturu nego što je postojalo kao slobodna skulptura. Kiparstvo je služilo da pobliže odredi namjenu i značenje građevine. (Npr. <a href="/wiki/Knji%C5%BEnica" title="Knjižnica">knjižnica</a> će imati iznad vrata sovu koja na glavi nosi <a href="/wiki/Globus_(svijet)" title="Globus (svijet)">globus</a> – simbol i zaštitnica mudrosti, a na <a href="/wiki/Sud" title="Sud">sudnici</a> će biti <i>božica pravde</i> s vagom i zavezanim očima). Tako su na antičkim hramovima kipovi na <a href="/wiki/Zabat" title="Zabat">zabatima</a> prikazivali one bogove i božice kojima su bili posvećeni, kao što na <a href="/wiki/Portal" title="Portal">portalima</a> kršćanskih crkvi prikazuju svece i svetice. </p><p>Graditeljstvo i kiparstvo svojim zajedničkim oblikovanjem izražavaju zajednički duh razdoblja u kojem su nastale. Tako se u Mezopotamiji, gdje se gradilo opekom, pročelja ukrašavala reljefnom ocakljenom i obojenom opekom. U Egiptu je svaka površina građevine bila prekrivena plitkim reljefom, a monumentalnost građevina osiguravali su i divovski kipovi <a href="/wiki/Faraon" title="Faraon">faraona</a> postavljeni ispred <a href="/wiki/Hram" title="Hram">hramova</a>. Kiparska djela su dopunjavala i dovršavala kompoziciju arhitekture, ne kao ukras, nego kao njezin ravnopravan sastavni dio. Ponekad je kiparska sastavnica građevine toliko značajna i naglašena da se zgrada doima tek kao podloga skulpturi. Zapravo postoje tri načina vrednovanja arhitekture i skulpture koja su se smjenjivala tijekom vremena: </p> <ol><li>skladan i uravnotežen odnos arhitekture i skulpture,</li> <li>dominacija arhitekture gdje se skulptura prilagođava kompoziciji i oblikom prostora kojeg nudi arhitektonski okvir,</li> <li>skulptura koja se nameće arhitekturi i izlazi izvan njenih okvira.</li></ol> <p>1. Skladan ili harmoničan odnos arhitekture i skulpture je npr. u zabatnom trokutu <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki_hram" title="Grčki hram">grčkog hrama</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harmonija_(likovna_umjetnost)" title="Harmonija (likovna umjetnost)">Harmonija</a> se iskazuje u tome što se ne nameću jedno drugome, nego svaka sastavnica zadržava svoj smisao i razlog, a ipak se cjelina doima kao da jedno ne može bez drugog: arhitektura savršeno uokviruje kiparsku kompoziciju, a ova se savršeno uklapa u okvir. </p><p>2. Podređenost kiparstva arhitekturi nalazimo u <a href="/wiki/Romanika" title="Romanika">romanici</a>. Ovdje je skulptura podređena jer se zbog arhitektonskog okvira (npr. lunete iznad portala katedrale) neprirodno mijenjaju njeni omjeri i proporcije, nastaju deformacije, izobličenja likova. Tako će prikaz "<a href="/wiki/Posljednja_ve%C4%8Dera" title="Posljednja večera">Posljednje večere</a>" imati ogromnog <a href="/wiki/Krist" class="mw-redirect" title="Krist">Krista</a> u sredini i sve manje i manje <a href="/wiki/Apostol" title="Apostol">apostole</a> oko njega, iako se nalaze za istim stolom. <i>"Zakonom kadra"</i> se naziva to kada arhitektonski okvir nameće kompoziciju koju skulptura mora pratiti. Npr. istanjeni likovi koji podsjećaju na stupove na gotičkim katedralama. </p><p>Ako psihološki objasnimo ove fenomene vidjet ćemo da skulptura koja predstavlja čovjeka svoga vremena. Npr. grčka skulptura je iste veličine i skladna je jer su ljudi živjeli u svojevrsnoj demokraciji gdje su bili svi jednaki, a u srednjem vijeku ljudi su bili neravnopravni (bogati plemići, vlastela i siromašni kmetovi) i postojala je jaka <a href="/wiki/Hijerarhija" title="Hijerarhija">hijerarhija</a>. U renesansi (15. i 16. st.) dolazi opet do oslobađanja pojedinca od društvenih stega i cijeni se pojedinac (individua), tada dolazi i do oslobađanja skulpture od arhitektonskih okvira – tj. sve je veća uloga slobodno stojećih skulptura (javnih spomenika, konjanika …). </p><p>3. Podređenost arhitekture skulpturi se javlja u <a href="/wiki/Barok" title="Barok">Baroku</a> (17. i 18. st.). Skupine nadnaravno velikih kipova izlaze izvan obrisa arhitekture i svjedoče o zamahu što ga čovjek svojim naporima postiže u društvu i životu (npr. <i><a href="/wiki/Fontana_di_Trevi" title="Fontana di Trevi">Fontana di Trevi</a></i> u <a href="/wiki/Rim" title="Rim">Rimu</a>, P. Bracci, 1762.). Tako postoje i građevine koje su se srodile s kiparskom formom, i ne možemo reći pripadaju li skulpturi ili arhitekturi. Takvi su "<a href="/wiki/Slavoluk" title="Slavoluk">trijumfalni slavoluci</a>" – arhitektura koja ima funkciju kipa, ili <i><a href="/wiki/Eiffelov_toranj" title="Eiffelov toranj">Eiffelov toranj</a></i>, ili <i><a href="/wiki/Kip_slobode" title="Kip slobode">Kip slobode</a></i> koji je kip u kojeg se smjestila arhitektura, ili <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87" title="Ivan Meštrović">Meštrovićev</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Zdenac_%C5%BEivota" title="Zdenac života">Zdenac života</a></i> koji je skulptura <a href="/wiki/Fontana" title="Fontana">fontana</a> (obrnuto od skulpture koja je obično bila ukras za fontanu, ovdje je fontana dodana skulpturi). </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_poveznice">Vanjske poveznice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Vanjske poveznice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiparstvo&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske poveznice"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja"><img alt="Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption>Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica?uselang=hr">Zajednički poslužitelj</a> ima još gradiva o temi <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sculpturing?uselang=hr">Kiparstvo</a></b></i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Likovna_umjetnost" title="Likovna umjetnost">Likovna umjetnost</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_kiparstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest kiparstva (stranica ne postoji)">Povijest kiparstva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapadna_umjetnost" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapadna umjetnost">Zapadna umjetnost</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7c479b968‐6dpc8 Cached time: 20241115135219 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.086 seconds Real time usage: 0.310 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 192/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2219/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 96/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 794/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.017/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 644097/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 67.270 1 -total 60.61% 40.770 2 Predložak:Glavni 31.79% 21.385 1 Predložak:Commonscat 26.43% 17.779 1 Predložak:Ifempty 7.06% 4.750 1 Predložak:Redirect --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key hrwiki:pcache:idhash:77874-0!canonical and timestamp 20241115135219 and revision id 7009210. 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