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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renovation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Renovation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renovation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1060_Project_renovation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1060_Project_renovation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>1060 Project renovation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1060_Project_renovation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Historic_Landmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Historic_Landmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>National Historic Landmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Historic_Landmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Firsts_since_renovation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Firsts_since_renovation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Firsts since renovation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Firsts_since_renovation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-100th_anniversary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#100th_anniversary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>100th anniversary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-100th_anniversary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lawsuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lawsuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Lawsuit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lawsuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ivy-covered_outfield_walls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ivy-covered_outfield_walls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ivy-covered outfield walls</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ivy-covered_outfield_walls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dimensions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dimensions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dimensions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dimensions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rooftop_seats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rooftop_seats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Rooftop seats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rooftop_seats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seating_capacity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seating_capacity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Seating capacity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seating_capacity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Attendance_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attendance_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Attendance records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attendance_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unusual_wind_patterns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unusual_wind_patterns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Unusual wind patterns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unusual_wind_patterns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hand-turned_scoreboard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hand-turned_scoreboard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Hand-turned scoreboard</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hand-turned_scoreboard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_entry_marquee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_entry_marquee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Main entry marquee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_entry_marquee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Lights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stadium_usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stadium_usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Stadium usage</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Stadium_usage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Stadium usage subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Stadium_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Baseball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baseball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Baseball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baseball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soccer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soccer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Soccer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soccer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concerts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Concerts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concerts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_concerts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_concerts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>List of concerts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_concerts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditions_and_mainstays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditions_and_mainstays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Traditions and mainstays</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Traditions_and_mainstays-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Traditions and mainstays subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Traditions_and_mainstays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Corporate_sponsorship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_sponsorship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Corporate sponsorship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corporate_sponsorship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outside_venues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outside_venues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Outside venues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outside_venues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_partners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_partners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Legacy partners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_partners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Win_flag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Win_flag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Win flag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Win_flag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>"Take Me Out to the Ball Game"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organ_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organ_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Organ music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organ_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writing_on_the_Wall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writing_on_the_Wall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Writing on the Wall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writing_on_the_Wall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accessibility_and_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accessibility_and_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Accessibility and transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accessibility_and_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commemorative_stamps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commemorative_stamps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Commemorative stamps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commemorative_stamps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wrigley Field</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EA%B8%80%EB%A6%AC_%ED%95%84%EB%93%9C" title="리글리 필드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리글리 필드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="रिगली फ़ील्ड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रिगली फ़ील्ड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapangan_Wrigley" title="Lapangan Wrigley – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lapangan Wrigley" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%93" title="ריגלי פילד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ריגלי פילד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="रिगली फील्ड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रिगली फील्ड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89" title="リグレー・フィールド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リグレー・フィールド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Ригли-филд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ригли-филд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wrigley Field" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wrigley_Field&params=41_56_53_N_87_39_20_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°56′53″N</span> <span class="longitude">87°39′20″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.94806°N 87.65556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.94806; -87.65556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Baseball stadium in Chicago, Illinois, US</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the former ballpark in Los Angeles, see <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_(Los_Angeles)" title="Wrigley Field (Los Angeles)">Wrigley Field (Los Angeles)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Wrigley Field</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname"><i>The Friendly Confines</i><br /><i>Cubs Park</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/Wrigley_Field_Logo.svg/225px-Wrigley_Field_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="225" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/Wrigley_Field_Logo.svg/338px-Wrigley_Field_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/Wrigley_Field_Logo.svg/450px-Wrigley_Field_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="75" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_in_line_with_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wrigley_Field_in_line_with_sign.jpg/250px-Wrigley_Field_in_line_with_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wrigley_Field_in_line_with_sign.jpg/375px-Wrigley_Field_in_line_with_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wrigley_Field_in_line_with_sign.jpg/500px-Wrigley_Field_in_line_with_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3818" data-file-height="2148" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Wrigley Field in 2022</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_Chicago.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Wrigley Field is located in Chicago"><img alt="Wrigley Field is located in Chicago" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Location_map_Chicago.png/250px-Location_map_Chicago.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Location_map_Chicago.png/375px-Location_map_Chicago.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Location_map_Chicago.png/500px-Location_map_Chicago.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="755" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:11.073%;left:56.846%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wrigley Field"><img alt="Wrigley Field" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Wrigley Field</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Chicago</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Illinois_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wrigley Field is located in Illinois"><img alt="Wrigley Field is located in Illinois" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/USA_Illinois_relief_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Illinois_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/USA_Illinois_relief_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Illinois_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/USA_Illinois_relief_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Illinois_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="1250" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:12.745%;left:78.352%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wrigley Field"><img alt="Wrigley Field" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Wrigley Field</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Illinois</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Wrigley Field is located in the United States"><img alt="Wrigley Field is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:36.982%;left:63.417%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wrigley Field"><img alt="Wrigley Field" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Wrigley Field</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Former names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Weeghman Park (1914–1920)<br />Cubs Park (1920–1926)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data label">1060 West <a href="/wiki/Addison_Street" title="Addison Street">Addison Street</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zip_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Zip code">60613-4397</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wrigley_Field&params=41_56_53_N_87_39_20_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°56′53″N</span> <span class="longitude">87°39′20″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.94806°N 87.65556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.94806; -87.65556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(CTA)" title="Red Line (CTA)"><span style="color: #fff; background-color: #C60C30; border-radius: 2px; font-weight: bold; padding: 0 3px 0 3px; font-size:0.9em">Red</span></a> at <a href="/wiki/Addison_station_(CTA_Red_Line)" title="Addison station (CTA Red Line)">Addison</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Ricketts" title="Thomas S. Ricketts">Ricketts family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seating_capacity" title="Seating capacity">Capacity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">41,649<sup id="cite_ref-capacity_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capacity-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Record attendance</th><td class="infobox-data">47,171<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap">(August 31, 1948 vs. <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Brooklyn_Dodgers" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Brooklyn Dodgers">Brooklyn Dodgers</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Field size</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Left field</b> – 355 ft (108.2 m)<br /><b>Left-center</b> – 368 ft (112.2 m)<br /><b>Center field</b> – 400 ft (121.9 m)<br /><b>Right-center</b> – 368 ft (112.2 m)<br /><b>Right field</b> – 353 ft (107.6 m)<br /><b>Backstop</b> – 55 ft (16.8 m)<br /><b>Outfield wall height:</b><br /><b>Bleachers</b> – 11 ft 6 in (3.5 m)<br /><b>Corners</b> – 15 ft (4.6 m)<sup id="cite_ref-wrig_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wrig-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WrigleyFieldDimensions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/WrigleyFieldDimensions.svg/200px-WrigleyFieldDimensions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/WrigleyFieldDimensions.svg/300px-WrigleyFieldDimensions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/WrigleyFieldDimensions.svg/400px-WrigleyFieldDimensions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="656" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Surface</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Poa_pratensis" title="Poa pratensis">Merion bluegrass</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc">Construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Broke ground</th><td class="infobox-data">March 4, 1911<span class="noprint">; 113 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1911-03-04</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data">April 23, 1914<span class="noprint">; 110 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1914-04-23</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Renovated</th><td class="infobox-data">1937, 1988, 2014–2019</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expanded</th><td class="infobox-data">1922, 1927, 2006</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction cost</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>250,000<br />(US$7.6 million in 2023 dollars<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-US_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect</th><td class="infobox-data">Zachary Taylor Davis</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">General contractor</th><td class="infobox-data">Blome-Sinek Company</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc">Tenants</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Whales" title="Chicago Whales">Chicago Whales</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_League" title="Federal League">FL</a>) (1914–1915)<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a>) (1916–present)<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tigers" title="Chicago Tigers">Chicago Tigers</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">APFA</a>) (1920)<br /><a href="/wiki/Hammond_Pros" title="Hammond Pros">Hammond Pros</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a>) (1920–1926)<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a>) (1921–1970)<br /><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chicago_Cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Chicago Cardinals">Chicago Cardinals</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a>) (1931–1939)<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sting" title="Chicago Sting">Chicago Sting</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%931984)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–1984)">NASL</a>) (1977–1982, 1984)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #AACCFF; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Landmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Landmark">Chicago Landmark</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">February 1, 2004</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #87CEEB; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">U.S. National Historic Landmark</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">September 23, 2020<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #A8EDEF; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">September 23, 2020<sup id="cite_ref-NPS-2020-12-04_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS-2020-12-04-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data">100005739<sup id="cite_ref-NPS-2020-12-04_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS-2020-12-04-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wrigley Field</b> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span> is a <a href="/wiki/Ballpark" title="Ballpark">ballpark</a> on the <a href="/wiki/North_Side,_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="North Side, Chicago">North Side</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a>. It is the home ballpark of <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a>, one of the city's two MLB franchises. It first opened in 1914 as <b>Weeghman Park</b> for <a href="/wiki/Charles_Weeghman" title="Charles Weeghman">Charles Weeghman</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Whales" title="Chicago Whales">Chicago Whales</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_League" title="Federal League">Federal League</a>, which folded after the <a href="/wiki/1915_in_baseball" title="1915 in baseball">1915 baseball season</a>. The Cubs played their first home game at the park on April 20, <a href="/wiki/1916_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1916 Chicago Cubs season">1916</a>, defeating the <a href="/wiki/1916_Cincinnati_Reds_season" title="1916 Cincinnati Reds season">Cincinnati Reds</a> 7–6 in 11 innings. Chewing gum magnate <a href="/wiki/William_Wrigley_Jr." title="William Wrigley Jr.">William Wrigley Jr.</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Company" title="Wrigley Company">Wrigley Company</a> acquired the Cubs in <a href="/wiki/1921_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1921 Chicago Cubs season">1921</a>. It was named <b>Cubs Park</b> from <a href="/wiki/1920_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1920 Chicago Cubs season">1920</a> to <a href="/wiki/1926_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1926 Chicago Cubs season">1926</a>, before being renamed Wrigley Field in <a href="/wiki/1927_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1927 Chicago Cubs season">1927</a>. The stadium currently <a href="/wiki/Seating_capacity" title="Seating capacity">seats</a> 41,649 people<sup id="cite_ref-capacity_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capacity-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is the second stadium to be named Wrigley Field, as <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_(Los_Angeles)" title="Wrigley Field (Los Angeles)">a Los Angeles ballpark with the same name</a> opened in 1925. </p><p>In the North Side <a href="/wiki/Community_areas_in_Chicago" title="Community areas in Chicago">community area</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lakeview,_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakeview, Chicago">Lakeview</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Lakeview,_Chicago#Wrigleyville" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakeview, Chicago">Wrigleyville</a> neighborhood, Wrigley Field is on an irregular block bounded by <a href="/wiki/Clark_Street_(Chicago)" title="Clark Street (Chicago)">Clark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Addison_Street" title="Addison Street">Addison</a> streets to the west and south, and Waveland and Sheffield avenues to the north and east. Wrigley Field is nicknamed "The Friendly Confines", a phrase popularized by <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">Hall of Fame</a> shortstop and first baseman <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Banks" title="Ernie Banks">Ernie Banks</a>. The oldest park in the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a>, it is the second-oldest in the majors after <a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a> (1912), and the only remaining Federal League park.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The park was designated a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-WrigleyLandmark_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WrigleyLandmark-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wrigley Field's features include its ivy-covered brick outfield wall, distinctive wind patterns off <a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a>, the red marquee over the main entrance, and the hand-turned scoreboard. The stadium is situated in a primarily residential neighborhood without parking lots, and spectators have views from the rooftops behind the outfield. Additionally, it was the last Major League park to have lights installed for night games, in <a href="/wiki/1988_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1988 Chicago Cubs season">1988</a>. From <a href="/wiki/1921_Chicago_Bears_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1921 Chicago Bears season">1921</a> to <a href="/wiki/1970_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1970 Chicago Bears season">1970</a>, the stadium was also home to the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>, and from 1931 to 1938, it was the home of the Chicago Cardinals (now the <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals" title="Arizona Cardinals">Arizona Cardinals</a>) of the National Football League. The <a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">elevation</a> of its playing field is 600 feet (180 m) above <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Wrigley_Field" title="History of Wrigley Field">History of Wrigley Field</a></div> <p>Baseball executive <a href="/wiki/Charles_Weeghman" title="Charles Weeghman">Charles Weeghman</a> hired his architect <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor_Davis" title="Zachary Taylor Davis">Zachary Taylor Davis</a> to design the park, which was ready for baseball by the home opener on April 23, 1914.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original tenants, the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Whales" title="Chicago Whales">Chicago Whales</a> (also called the Chi-Feds), came in second in the Federal League rankings in 1914, and won the league championship in 1915. </p><p>In late 1915, Weeghman's Federal League folded. The resourceful Weeghman formed a syndicate including the chewing gum manufacturer <a href="/wiki/William_Wrigley_Jr." title="William Wrigley Jr.">William Wrigley Jr.</a> to buy the Chicago Cubs from <a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Taft" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles P. Taft">Charles P. Taft</a> for about $500,000.<sup id="cite_ref-history_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Weeghman immediately moved the Cubs from the dilapidated <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Park" title="West Side Park">West Side Grounds</a> to his two-year-old park. </p><p>In 1918, Wrigley acquired the controlling interest in the club.<sup id="cite_ref-Riess_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Riess-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1926, he renamed the park Wrigley Field.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1927, an upper deck was added, and in 1937, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Veeck" title="Bill Veeck">Bill Veeck</a>, the son of the club president, planted ivy vines against the outfield walls after seeing the ivy planted at <a href="/wiki/Bush_Stadium" title="Bush Stadium">Perry Stadium, Indianapolis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Riess_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Riess-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2024, Wrigley Field announced a multiyear partnership with <a href="/wiki/Invenergy" title="Invenergy">Invenergy</a>, and their community solar company, Reactivate, to launch clean and renewable energy systems at the park.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The agreement will establish the stadium as an "anchor" for community solar projects in Wrigleyville, marking its first ever use of solar power. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renovation">Renovation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Renovation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_renovations" title="Wrigley Field renovations">Wrigley Field renovations</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Ricketts" title="Thomas S. Ricketts">Ricketts family</a> aggressively pursued a Wrigley Field renovation since buying the team and the stadium in 2009. During the annual Cubs Convention in January 2013, the family revealed the 1060 Project, which called for a $575-million, privately funded rehabilitation of the stadium to be completed over the course of five years.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposal was vast and included planned improvements to, among other things, the stadium's façade, infrastructure, restrooms, concourses, suites, <a href="/wiki/Press_box" title="Press box">press box</a>, moving the <a href="/wiki/Bullpen" title="Bullpen">bullpens</a> and clubhouses, as well as the addition of restaurants, patio areas, <a href="/wiki/Batting_cage" title="Batting cage">batting tunnels</a>, a 5,700 square foot (530 m<sup>2</sup>) <a href="/wiki/Jumbotron" title="Jumbotron">jumbotron</a>, and an adjacent hotel, plaza and office-retail complex.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After months of negotiations between the team, local <a href="/wiki/Alderman" title="Alderman">Alderman</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Tunney" title="Tom Tunney">Tom Tunney</a>, and then-<a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Chicago" title="Mayor of Chicago">Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a>, the plan obtained the endorsements of both the city's <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Chicago_Landmarks" title="Commission on Chicago Landmarks">Landmarks Commission</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Plan_Commission" title="Chicago Plan Commission">Plan Commission</a> before receiving final approval by the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_City_Council" title="Chicago City Council">Chicago City Council</a> in July 2013. To help fund the project, the team planned to more than double the amount of advertising signage in and around the stadium to about 51,000 square feet (4,700 m<sup>2</sup>), including additional signage to be placed beyond the outfield walls – a move that was opposed by many owners of <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Rooftops" title="Wrigley Rooftops">the rooftop clubs</a> surrounding the stadium, who worried that such signage would obstruct their sightlines.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before work on the project began, the team wanted the rooftop owners to agree not to pursue legal action challenging the construction and continued to negotiate privately with them – offering to reduce the size and number of signs to be built – in order to gain their assent.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team could not come to terms with the rooftop owners who had a lease agreement with the team until 2023 in exchange for paying 17% of the gross revenues. In May 2014, the Cubs announced they would pursue the original 2013 plan to modify the park.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the course of the next three years, the Ricketts family began to purchase many of the rooftop locations.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1060_Project_renovation">1060 Project renovation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1060 Project renovation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phase one of the 1060 Project began on September 29, 2014. During the offseason, the <a href="/wiki/Bleacher" title="Bleacher">bleachers</a> in both outfields were expanded and the stadium's footprint was extended further onto both Waveland and Sheffield Avenues. A 3,990 sq ft (370 m<sup>2</sup>) <a href="/wiki/Jumbotron" title="Jumbotron">Jumbotron</a> scoreboard was added to the left field bleachers, topped with a sign advertising <a href="/wiki/Wintrust_Financial" title="Wintrust Financial">Wintrust Financial</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Rosemont,_Illinois" title="Rosemont, Illinois">Rosemont</a>-based bank and a Cubs Legacy Partner; the "W" in Wintrust flashes after every Cubs win. A 2,400 sq ft (220 m<sup>2</sup>) video scoreboard was also added in the right field bleachers, and the parking lots along Clark Street were excavated for underground players' locker rooms and lounges.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_Renovation-Left_Field_Scoreboard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wrigley_Field_Renovation-Left_Field_Scoreboard.jpg/220px-Wrigley_Field_Renovation-Left_Field_Scoreboard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wrigley_Field_Renovation-Left_Field_Scoreboard.jpg/330px-Wrigley_Field_Renovation-Left_Field_Scoreboard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wrigley_Field_Renovation-Left_Field_Scoreboard.jpg/440px-Wrigley_Field_Renovation-Left_Field_Scoreboard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>Videoboard above new left field bleacher seats in <a href="/wiki/2015_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2015 Chicago Cubs season">2015</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After the close of the extended <a href="/wiki/2015_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2015 Chicago Cubs season">2015 season</a>, work began on phase two of the project.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Exterior renovations of the park seek to restore design elements present before the 1960s. These details include ornamental muted-green grill-work and red <a href="/wiki/Ludowici_Roof_Tile" title="Ludowici Roof Tile">Ludowici</a> <a href="/wiki/Terra_cotta" class="mw-redirect" title="Terra cotta">terra cotta</a> roofing.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Phase three of the 1060 Project was completed before the start of the <a href="/wiki/2017_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2017 Chicago Cubs season">2017 season</a>. The left and right field bullpens were relocated to enclosed areas under the bleachers, the brick walls were extended toward the field, and new seating was added in the vacated bullpen areas. A visiting team "batting tunnel" was also added. Partial façade replacement and concourse restoration was completed along Addison Street, along with structural improvements to the right field bleachers. The outfield turf was replaced just weeks before the start of the season. The Cubs Plaza building just to the west of Wrigley was finalized, and the "Park at Wrigley", the area above Cubs players dressing rooms, was in use for fans before and during games.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of Hotel Zachary along the west side of Clark Street was ongoing.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fourth phase of improvements began at the conclusion of the 2017 season. The dugouts were moved farther down the left and right field foul lines to make room for two of the four new luxury clubs.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seating area behind home plate was reconstructed to locate another of the new clubs. The final upper level club was planned for the <a href="/wiki/2019_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2019 Chicago Cubs season">2019 season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hotel Zachary, just across Clark Street, was open for business in time for the Cubs' first home game on April 9, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="National_Historic_Landmark">National Historic Landmark</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: National Historic Landmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Near the start of the renovations, the Ricketts applied for <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> status for Wrigley Field in 2013. A similar plan had been successfully pursued by the owners of <a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a> in Boston. To achieve landmark status, the renovations had to respect and reflect the historic character of the stadium. The benefit to the owners is that landmark status allows them to claim tax credits for the renovation. National landmark status was awarded in 2020, with the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Secretary_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Secretary of the Interior">U.S. Secretary of the Interior</a> commenting that "the historical significance of Wrigley Field is interwoven into our nation's story and a key part of what has become America's beloved pastime for over a century".<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Firsts_since_renovation">Firsts since renovation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Firsts since renovation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On May 26, 2015, Cubs rookie third baseman <a href="/wiki/Kris_Bryant" title="Kris Bryant">Kris Bryant</a> became the first to hit the new left field videoscreen with his 477-foot (145 m) home run.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 13, the Cubs clinched a playoff series at home in Wrigley Field for the first time in franchise history, with a 6–4 victory in game four of the <a href="/wiki/2015_National_League_Division_Series" title="2015 National League Division Series">2015 NLDS</a>. After Anthony Rizzo hit what would be the game-winning and series-winning home run in the sixth inning, Kyle Schwarber's seventh inning home run ball landed on top of the right field scoreboard. The ball was left in place, encased in clear plexiglass to protect it from the elements,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was removed in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="100th_anniversary">100th anniversary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 100th anniversary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/2014_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2014 Chicago Cubs season">2014 season</a>, the Cubs celebrated the <a href="/wiki/Centennial" title="Centennial">centennial</a> of Wrigley Field. Each decade was represented during ten homestands throughout the season. April 23, the 100th anniversary of the stadium's opening, saw the Cubs playing the <a href="/wiki/2014_Arizona_Diamondbacks_season" title="2014 Arizona Diamondbacks season">Arizona Diamondbacks</a> in a throwback game. Each team represented one of the teams that played in the inaugural game at the stadium. The Cubs wore the uniforms of the Chicago Whales (Federals), the original occupants of the stadium, and the Diamondbacks wore uniforms representing the <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Packers" title="Kansas City Packers">Kansas City Packers</a>, whom the Federals played on April 23, 1914. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lawsuit">Lawsuit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Lawsuit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On July 14, 2022, the United States government filed a lawsuit against the Chicago Cubs, operator of the stadium, for alleged violations of the <a href="/wiki/Americans_with_Disabilities_Act_of_1990" title="Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990">Americans with Disabilities Act</a>, claiming that the stadium did not accommodate spectators with disabilities, primarily those in wheelchairs. The lawsuit states that, during recent renovations, the stadium operator removed the best wheelchair seating, failed to add wheelchair accessibility to premium club rooms, and stuck the wheelchair seats behind railings, which could obstruct the view of those in wheelchairs. The Chicago Cubs, however, released a statement, saying that "Wrigley Field is now more accessible than it was in its 108-year history".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wrigley Field follows the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_park#Jewel_box_ballparks" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball park">jewel box ballpark design</a> that was popular in the early part of the 20th century. The two recessed wall areas, or "wells", located both in left and right field, give those areas more length than if the wall were to follow the contour from center field. It is also in those wells, when cross winds are blowing, that balls have a habit of bouncing in all directions. In addition, there is a long chain-link fence strip running the entire length of the outfield wall, the base of which is about two feet down from the top of the wall and the top of which projects out at an angle, primarily used to keep fans from interfering with balls in play.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Called "the Basket"<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by players and fans alike, the rules of the field state that any ball landing within the basket is ruled a home run, making the distance to hit a home run in Wrigley Field actually shorter than the location of the outfield wall. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ivy-covered_outfield_walls">Ivy-covered outfield walls</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ivy-covered outfield walls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_400_foot_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wrigley_Field_400_foot_sign.jpg/240px-Wrigley_Field_400_foot_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wrigley_Field_400_foot_sign.jpg/360px-Wrigley_Field_400_foot_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wrigley_Field_400_foot_sign.jpg/480px-Wrigley_Field_400_foot_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Wrigley's distinctive ivy-covered outfield walls in <a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2006 Chicago Cubs season">2006</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bleacher_Bums.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bleacher_Bums.jpg/210px-Bleacher_Bums.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bleacher_Bums.jpg/315px-Bleacher_Bums.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Bleacher_Bums.jpg/420px-Bleacher_Bums.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4416" data-file-height="3312" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fuzzymemories.tv/#videoclip-3631"><i>Bleacher Bums</i> (Part 1, 1984)</a>, <a href="/wiki/WTTW" title="WTTW">WTTW</a> - Channel 11, the play <i><a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Bums" title="Bleacher Bums">Bleacher Bums</a></i> with <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Franz" title="Dennis Franz">Dennis Franz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Mantegna" title="Joe Mantegna">Joe Mantegna</a><sup id="cite_ref-fuzzy_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuzzy-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The ballpark's outfield walls are covered by <a href="/wiki/Parthenocissus_tricuspidata" title="Parthenocissus tricuspidata">ivy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the first weeks of the baseball season, the ivy has not leafed out, and all that is visible are the vines on which it grows. However, as the baseball season progresses further into spring, the ivy grows thick and green, disguising the hard brick surface of the outfield wall. In the autumn, generally during postseason, the ivy turns red.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 7, 2013, Total Pro Sports named Wrigley Field the "Best Place to Catch a Game in 2013", owing the award primarily to its architecture and ivy-coated fields.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1937, the stadium was renovated and P. K. Wrigley discussed beautification with then-Cubs President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Veeck" title="Bill Veeck">Bill Veeck</a>, who suggested planting ivy on the outfield walls.<sup id="cite_ref-indy_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indy-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ivy was originally <a href="/wiki/English_ivy" class="mw-redirect" title="English ivy">English ivy</a>, but was later changed to <i><a href="/wiki/Parthenocissus_tricuspidata" title="Parthenocissus tricuspidata">Parthenocissus tricuspidata</a></i>, commonly called Boston ivy or Japanese bittersweet, which can endure the harsh Chicago winters better than its English cousin.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cuttings from the ivy were sold by local vendors. The Cubs attempted to grow the ivy on the outside of Wrigley Field as well, but the plantings were often stolen, so the Cubs abandoned the plans.<sup id="cite_ref-si_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-si-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following a later change in MLB rules, which requires all outfield walls to be padded, Wrigley Field was <a href="/wiki/Grandfather_clause" title="Grandfather clause">grandfathered</a> into the rules, meaning it is the only stadium in the league without padded walls because of the ivy.<sup id="cite_ref-indy_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indy-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, the ivy was specifically included in Wrigley Field's Landmark Designation by the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_City_Council" title="Chicago City Council">Chicago City Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the ivy appears to "pad" the bricks, it is of little practical use in this regard. There have been occasions of fielders being injured when slamming into the wall while pursuing a fly ball. </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Ground_rules" title="Ground rules">ground rules</a> of Wrigley Field, if a baseball gets into the ivy and gets stuck, the batter is awarded a <a href="/wiki/Ground_rule_double" title="Ground rule double">ground rule double</a>. Outfielders often raise their arms up when the ball goes into the ivy, signaling to an umpire to go out and rule on the play.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, if the ball becomes dislodged or the fielder reaches into the vines to try and retrieve it, it is considered in play and the runners can advance.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dimensions">Dimensions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Dimensions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The distances from home plate to various points in the outfield have remained essentially unchanged since the bleachers were remodeled during the 1937 season. They were originally marked by wooden numbers cut from plywood, painted white, and placed in gaps where the ivy was not allowed to grow. Since the early 1980s, the numbers have been painted directly on the bricks, in yellow. Although the power-alley dimensions are relatively cozy, the foul lines are currently the deepest in the major leagues. It is 355 feet (108.2 m) to the notch in the wall just beyond the left field foul pole.<sup id="cite_ref-dimensions_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dimensions-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The point where the bleacher wall begins to curve inward in left-center field, one of the two "wells", is an unmarked 357 feet (108.8 m). The front part of the left-center "well" is the closest point in the outfield, about 360 feet (109.7 m). The marked left-center field distance is 368 feet (112.2 m).<sup id="cite_ref-dimensions_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dimensions-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is closer to true center field than its right-center counterpart is. True center field is unmarked and is about 390 feet (118.9 m). The center field marker, which is to the right of true center field and in the middle of the quarter-circle defining the center field area, is 400 feet (121.9 m) and is the deepest point in the outfield. Right-center field is 368 feet (112.2 m), the notch of the right-center "well" is an unmarked 363 feet (110.6 m), and the right field foul line is 353 feet (107.6 m). As of 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Backstop_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Backstop (baseball)">backstop</a> is listed in media sources as 55 feet (17 m) behind home plate.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although that distance is standard, the relatively small foul ground area in general gives an advantage to batters. The ivy-covered walls in the left and right field corners were reduced from 15 to 11 feet in height prior to the 2015 season as part of phase one of the 1060 project.  At around the same time, advertising signs above the corners of the left and right field wall were installed, raising the bleachers by about three feet.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a widespread misconception that the recently added signage are in-play and a part of the wall, neither of which are correct. The distance from where the front row bleachers are to the field, including the newly placed signs, is still 15 feet.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rooftop_seats">Rooftop seats</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rooftop seats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wrigley_Field" title="Special:EditPage/Wrigley Field">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_and_Wrigley_Rooftops.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wrigley_Field_and_Wrigley_Rooftops.jpg/220px-Wrigley_Field_and_Wrigley_Rooftops.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wrigley_Field_and_Wrigley_Rooftops.jpg/330px-Wrigley_Field_and_Wrigley_Rooftops.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wrigley_Field_and_Wrigley_Rooftops.jpg/440px-Wrigley_Field_and_Wrigley_Rooftops.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>View of the right field bleacher seats before the 1060 Project renovations began</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Roof.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wrigley_Roof.jpg/220px-Wrigley_Roof.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wrigley_Roof.jpg/330px-Wrigley_Roof.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wrigley_Roof.jpg/440px-Wrigley_Roof.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2928" data-file-height="2061" /></a><figcaption>April 2006 view from a rooftop across Waveland Avenue</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Rooftops" title="Wrigley Rooftops">Wrigley Rooftops</a></div> <p>When Wrigley Field was constructed, the buildings along Waveland and Sheffield avenues gave spectators a view of what was going on inside the ballpark, but did not become popular spectator areas until the <a href="/wiki/1929_World_Series" title="1929 World Series">1929 World Series</a>. The <a href="/wiki/1938_World_Series" title="1938 World Series">1938 World Series</a> brought paying spectators to the rooftops, however, fans typically sat in lawn chairs and brought their own food and beverages. In the mid-1980s, rooftop owners began to organize more formally as businesses, seeking to extract more revenue by updating the rooftops with bleacher-style grandstands. The Sky Box on Sheffield opened in 1993, originally catering primarily to corporate groups. Today, it is complete with a two-tier roof deck, indoor clubhouse, fully staffed bars on three levels, and an elevator.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, the city started requiring rooftop owners to have a license and began to regulate the venues. In 2003, relations between rooftop owners and the Cubs worsened when the team put up a large screen to block the view of the rooftops, exemplifying what is known as a <a href="/wiki/Spite_fence" title="Spite fence">spite fence</a>. The Cubs then sued most rooftop businesses that year, claiming they were stealing from the team's product and "unjustly enriching themselves".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, the building owners agreed to share a portion of their proceeds with the Cubs. Rooftop owners were required to pay the team 17% of their gross revenue in an agreement lasting until 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cubs obtained permission from the city to expand the ballpark's own bleachers out over the sidewalks and do some additional construction on the open area of the property to the west, bordered by Clark and Waveland, and to close the remnant of Seminary Avenue that also existed on the property. The rooftop seats are now effectively part of the ballpark's seating area, although they are not included in the seating capacity figure. </p><p>In July 2016, former rooftop owner R. Marc Hamid was convicted on nine counts of mail fraud and illegal bank structuring.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamid had been underreporting attendance at the Sky Box on Sheffield from 2008 to 2011, and covered up over $1 million in revenue while also avoiding hundreds of thousands of dollars in taxes and royalties that violated the agreement rooftop owners had with the Cubs. In January 2017, he was sentenced to 18 months in federal prison.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the owners threatened suit when the team announced plans to renovate the stadium and potentially disrupt the sight lines. In May 2014, when the rooftop owners did not agree to a scaled down plan for renovations, the Cubs' owners announced their intentions to implement the original 2013 plan for renovations even if it meant battling the issue in court. Cubs owner Ricketts said Wrigley has "the worst player facilities in Major League Baseball...I am saying it is the time to invest in Wrigley Field and do the things that our competitors do."<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the 2016 season, the Ricketts family had acquired ten of the rooftop locations, with a financial stake in an eleventh.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of the rooftops became legendary in their own right. The Lakeview Baseball Club, which sits across Sheffield Avenue (right-field) from the stadium displayed a sign that read "Eamus Catuli!" (roughly Latin for "Let's Go Cubs!"—<i>catuli</i> translating to "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/whelp" class="extiw" title="wikt:whelp">whelps</a>", the nearest Latin equivalent), flanked by a counter indicating the Cubs' long legacy of futility. The counter was labeled "AC" for "Anno Catulorum", or "In the Year of the Cubs". Prior to the team's 2016 championship, it read "AC0871108", with the first two digits indicating the number of years since the Cubs' last division championship as of the end of the previous season (<a href="/wiki/2008_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2008 Chicago Cubs season">2008</a>), the next two digits indicating the number of years since the Cubs won the National League Pennant (<a href="/wiki/1945_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1945 Chicago Cubs season">1945</a>), and the last three digits indicating the number of years since their last <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> win (<a href="/wiki/1908_World_Series" title="1908 World Series">1908</a>). After winning the World Series in 2016, the sign was updated to "AC0000000". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seating_capacity">Seating capacity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Seating capacity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">Years </th> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">Capacity </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1914 </th> <td style="text-align:center">14,000 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1915–1922 </th> <td style="text-align:center">15,000 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1923–1926 </th> <td style="text-align:center">20,000 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1927 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,396 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1928–1937 </th> <td style="text-align:center">40,000 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1938 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,396 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1939–1940 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,000 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1941–1948 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,396 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1949–1950 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,690 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1951–1964 </th> <td style="text-align:center">36,755 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1965–1971 </th> <td style="text-align:center">36,644 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1972 </th> <td style="text-align:center">37,702 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1973–1981 </th> <td style="text-align:center">37,741 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1982–1985 </th> <td style="text-align:center">37,272 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1986 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,040 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1987–1988 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,143 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1989 </th> <td style="text-align:center">39,600 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">Years </th> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">Capacity </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1990–1993 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,711 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1994–1997 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,765 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">1998–2000 </th> <td style="text-align:center">38,884 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2001 </th> <td style="text-align:center">39,059 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2002–2003 </th> <td style="text-align:center">39,111 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2004 </th> <td style="text-align:center">39,345 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2005 </th> <td style="text-align:center">39,538 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2006 </th> <td style="text-align:center">41,118 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2007–2008 </th> <td style="text-align:center">41,160 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2009–2010 </th> <td style="text-align:center">41,210 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2011 </th> <td>41,159<sup id="cite_ref-2011_media_guide_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011_media_guide-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2012 </th> <td>41,009<sup id="cite_ref-2012_media_guide_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012_media_guide-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2013 </th> <td>41,019<sup id="cite_ref-2013_media_guide_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013_media_guide-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2014 </th> <td>41,072<sup id="cite_ref-2014_media_guide_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2014_media_guide-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2015 </th> <td>40,929<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2016 </th> <td>41,268<sup id="cite_ref-2016capacity_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016capacity-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;">2017–present </th> <td>41,649<sup id="cite_ref-capacity_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capacity-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Attendance_records">Attendance records</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Attendance records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>41,688 – July 12, 2015 high mark after <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_renovations" title="Wrigley Field renovations">bleacher renovation</a></li> <li>42,411 – Games 3 & 4 of the 2015 NLDS<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>42,445 - Game 3 of the 2017 NLDS<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unusual_wind_patterns">Unusual wind patterns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Unusual wind patterns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April and May, the wind often comes off <a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a> (less than a mile to the east), with a northeast wind "blowing in" to knock down potential home runs and turn them into outs. In the summer, however, or on any warm, breezy day, the wind often comes from the south and the southwest, "blowing out" with the potential to turn normally harmless fly balls into home runs. A third variety is the cross-wind, which typically runs from the left field corner to the right field corner and causes all sorts of havoc. Depending on the direction of the wind, Wrigley can either be one of the friendliest parks in the major leagues for pitchers or among the worst. This makes Wrigley one of the most unpredictable parks in the Major Leagues. Many Cubs fans check their nearest flag before heading to the park on game days for an indication of what the game might be like. This is less of a factor for night games, however, because the wind does not blow as hard after the sun goes down. </p><p>With the wind blowing in, pitchers can dominate and <a href="/wiki/No-hitter" title="No-hitter">no-hitters</a> have resulted. The last two by a Cubs pitcher occurred near the beginning and the end of the 1972 season, by <a href="/wiki/Burt_Hooton" title="Burt Hooton">Burt Hooton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milt_Pappas" title="Milt Pappas">Milt Pappas</a> respectively. Not until <a href="/wiki/Cole_Hamels" title="Cole Hamels">Cole Hamels</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a> no-hit the Cubs in 2015 would another no-hitter be pitched at Wrigley. In the seventh inning of <a href="/wiki/Ken_Holtzman" title="Ken Holtzman">Ken Holtzman</a>'s first no-hitter, on August 19, 1969, <a href="/wiki/Hank_Aaron" title="Hank Aaron">Hank Aaron</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> hit a ball that looked headed for the bleachers, but the wind caught it just enough for left fielder <a href="/wiki/Billy_Williams_(left_fielder)" class="mw-redirect" title="Billy Williams (left fielder)">Billy Williams</a> to leap up and snare it. </p><p>With the wind blowing out, some true tape-measure home runs have been hit by well-muscled batters. <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Sosa" title="Sammy Sosa">Sammy Sosa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dave_Kingman" title="Dave Kingman">Dave "Kong" Kingman</a> broke windows in the apartment buildings across Waveland Avenue several times, and <a href="/wiki/Glenallen_Hill" title="Glenallen Hill">Glenallen Hill</a> put one on a rooftop.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Batters have occasionally slugged it into, or to the side of, the first row or two of the "upper deck" of the center field bleachers. Sosa hit the roof of the center field camera booth on the fly during the <a href="/wiki/2003_National_League_Championship_Series" title="2003 National League Championship Series">2003 NLCS</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Marlins" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Marlins">Florida Marlins</a>, some 450 feet (140 m) away.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The longest blast was probably hit by Dave Kingman on a very windy day in 1976, while with the Mets. According to local legend, that day, Kingman launched a bomb that landed on the third porch roof on the east (center field) side of Kenmore Avenue some 550 feet away. No batter has ever hit the center field scoreboard, but it has been struck by a golf ball hit by <a href="/wiki/Sam_Snead" title="Sam Snead">Sam Snead</a> using a two-iron.<sup id="cite_ref-ballparksmswf_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ballparksmswf-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hand-turned_scoreboard">Hand-turned scoreboard</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Hand-turned scoreboard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_Scoreboard_operation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wrigley_Field_Scoreboard_operation.jpg/220px-Wrigley_Field_Scoreboard_operation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wrigley_Field_Scoreboard_operation.jpg/330px-Wrigley_Field_Scoreboard_operation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wrigley_Field_Scoreboard_operation.jpg/440px-Wrigley_Field_Scoreboard_operation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2248" /></a><figcaption>The scoreboard at Wrigley Field is operated by hand.</figcaption></figure> <p>The scoreboard was installed in 1937, when Bill Veeck installed the new bleachers.<sup id="cite_ref-75_years_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75_years-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has remained in place ever since, and has only seen minor technical and cosmetic modifications. The clock was added in 1941,<sup id="cite_ref-75_years_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75_years-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a fifth row of scores was added to each side in 1961, with a sixth by 1969. A set of light stands facing onto the scoreboard was added in 1988 with the introduction of night games. </p><p>Along with <a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a>'s scoreboard and <a href="/wiki/Minute_Maid_Park" title="Minute Maid Park">Minute Maid Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakland-Alameda_County_Coliseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum">Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coors_Field" title="Coors Field">Coors Field</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Park" title="Oracle Park">Oracle Park</a>'s out of town scoreboards, Wrigley is one of the last parks to maintain a hand-turned scoreboard.<sup id="cite_ref-75_years_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75_years-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number turner watches the score changes on a computer (a <a href="/wiki/Ticker_tape" title="Ticker tape">ticker tape</a> machine was used in the past), and updates the scoreboard by manually replacing the numbers from within the scoreboard. The scoreboard is made of sheet steel. The numbers that are placed into the inning windows are also steel, painted forest green, and numbered with white numerals. The box for the game playing at Wrigley uses yellow numerals for the current inning. The clock, which sits at the top center of the scoreboard, has never lost time in its 83-year existence. </p><p>Standing over the clock are three flagpoles, one for each division in the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a>. There are 15 flags, one for each National League team, and their order on the flagpoles reflects the current standings. The entrance to the scoreboard is a trap-door on the bottom. On the reverse of the scoreboard, visible from the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Transit_Authority" title="Chicago Transit Authority">CTA</a> elevated trains, is a blue Cubs pennant in white outlined in red neon. The scoreboard was extensively rehabilitated for the 2010 season. </p><p>Unlike the home of the Red Sox, the scoreboard at Wrigley is mounted above the centerfield bleachers, rather than at ground level, making it harder to hit during play. No players have hit the current scoreboard, although at least three have come close: <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Clemente" title="Roberto Clemente">Roberto Clemente</a> to the left side on May 17, 1959;<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nicholson_(baseball)" title="Bill Nicholson (baseball)">Bill Nicholson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Mathews" title="Eddie Mathews">Eddie Mathews</a> to the right on August 22, 1942,<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and April 22, 1953, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-ES:TotT_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ES:TotT-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, the Cubs considered adding a video screen to the stadium, but the hand-turned scoreboard cannot be moved due to the park's landmark status, which also prohibits even simple facelifts, such as adding two more games on either side (there are 15 teams in both the National and American Leagues) of the 12-game, 24-team scoreboard (reflecting the MLB from 1969 to 1976), so up to three games (one NL, one AL and the interleague) each day cannot be posted.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those games may eventually be part of the auxiliary video board currently on the right field that may also be added in left field. Most Cubs players support the concept of a video board, and work on two additional scoreboards began at the end of the 2014 season.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 21, 2013, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/Alderman" title="Alderman">Alderman</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Tunney" title="Tom Tunney">Tom Tunney</a> wanted to demolish the scoreboard to clear the view for nearby residents, who watch games from their rooftops. "Demolishing the landmark old scoreboard has never been part of any plan discussed or envisioned by the Ricketts family," said Dennis Culloton, a spokesman for Cubs chairman <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Ricketts" title="Thomas S. Ricketts">Tom Ricketts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To date, there is a third generation scoreboard operator whose grandfather began working in the hand-turned scoreboard at its inception.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_entry_marquee">Main entry marquee</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Main entry marquee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Directly over the main entrance to the stadium stands a large, red, <a href="/wiki/Art_deco" class="mw-redirect" title="Art deco">art deco</a>-style <a href="/wiki/Marquee_(sign)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquee (sign)">marquee</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Bannon_2016_s698_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bannon_2016_s698-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with "Wrigley Field, Home of Chicago Cubs" painted in white. The marquee was installed in 1934, and was originally painted green with changeable sections to announce upcoming games.<sup id="cite_ref-Ballpark_Digest_2016_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ballpark_Digest_2016-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1939, it was repainted dark blue and the original "Home of the Cubs", was replaced with "Home of Chicago Cubs". In years when the Bears played there, the sign was changed appropriately during football season.<sup id="cite_ref-MLB.com_2024_o221_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB.com_2024_o221-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 23, 1960, the Cubs repainted the sign red.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, a two-line announcement board was replaced with an electronic LED message board, and a backlit advertising panel was added below (this is now solid red). The marquee uses red neon lights at night, showing "Wrigley Field" in red, with the rest of the sign in darkness. A <a href="/wiki/Budweiser" title="Budweiser">Budweiser</a> Beer slogan was on the lower panel in the early 1980s, around the time when the team added the LED signage. The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Transit_Authority" title="Chicago Transit Authority">Chicago Transit Authority</a> Addison street platform that serves Wrigley Field uses an image of the marquee painted on walls to announce the destination. In November 2010, the marquee was painted purple with an <a href="/wiki/Allstate_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Allstate Insurance">Allstate Insurance</a> logo for the <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_football" title="Northwestern Wildcats football">Northwestern Wildcats</a>, who played as the home team against the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Fighting_Illini_football" title="Illinois Fighting Illini football">Illinois Fighting Illini</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten</a> football game. </p><p>In 2015, a <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> emblem was placed on the lower panel just below the LED sign on the marquee; previously, the area was used for logos of transient corporate sponsors and team initiatives. Toyota, one of the team's "legacy partners", began displaying other signage in and around the park in 2016, including branding on all of its parking lots.<sup id="cite_ref-Crains_Chicago_Business_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crains_Chicago_Business-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The marquee was temporarily removed and restored for the 2016 season, including new paint, a new LED display board, and new neon lights.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The back of the sign was given a new green paint job as well, which can now be seen from inside the terrace level.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:592px;max-width:592px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_marquee_grandstand_exterior_IMG_2339.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wrigley_Field_marquee_grandstand_exterior_IMG_2339.jpg/127px-Wrigley_Field_marquee_grandstand_exterior_IMG_2339.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wrigley_Field_marquee_grandstand_exterior_IMG_2339.jpg/191px-Wrigley_Field_marquee_grandstand_exterior_IMG_2339.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wrigley_Field_marquee_grandstand_exterior_IMG_2339.jpg/254px-Wrigley_Field_marquee_grandstand_exterior_IMG_2339.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:228px;max-width:228px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Purple_pride!_(5525395446)_(purple_marquee).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Purple_pride%21_%285525395446%29_%28purple_marquee%29.jpg/226px-Purple_pride%21_%285525395446%29_%28purple_marquee%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Purple_pride%21_%285525395446%29_%28purple_marquee%29.jpg/339px-Purple_pride%21_%285525395446%29_%28purple_marquee%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Purple_pride%21_%285525395446%29_%28purple_marquee%29.jpg/452px-Purple_pride%21_%285525395446%29_%28purple_marquee%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="841" data-file-height="629" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:229px;max-width:229px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_marquee_removed_for_renovation_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wrigley_Field_marquee_removed_for_renovation_01.JPG/227px-Wrigley_Field_marquee_removed_for_renovation_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="227" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wrigley_Field_marquee_removed_for_renovation_01.JPG/341px-Wrigley_Field_marquee_removed_for_renovation_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wrigley_Field_marquee_removed_for_renovation_01.JPG/454px-Wrigley_Field_marquee_removed_for_renovation_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Left) The marquee outside Wrigley Field; (Center) The marquee was temporarily painted purple for the 2010 <a href="/wiki/Illinois%E2%80%93Northwestern_football_rivalry" title="Illinois–Northwestern football rivalry">Land of Lincoln Trophy</a> college football game; (Right) Installed in 1934,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the marquee was removed for restoration for the first time in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lights">Lights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Lights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dusk_falls_over_Wrigley_Field._(30642998645).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Dusk_falls_over_Wrigley_Field._%2830642998645%29.jpg/220px-Dusk_falls_over_Wrigley_Field._%2830642998645%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Dusk_falls_over_Wrigley_Field._%2830642998645%29.jpg/330px-Dusk_falls_over_Wrigley_Field._%2830642998645%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Dusk_falls_over_Wrigley_Field._%2830642998645%29.jpg/440px-Dusk_falls_over_Wrigley_Field._%2830642998645%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Wrigley Field lighting atop the first base and right field seats in 2016.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Cubs were a holdout against <a href="/wiki/Night_game" title="Night game">night games</a> for decades, not installing lights at Wrigley until <a href="/wiki/1988_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1988 Chicago Cubs season">1988</a>, after baseball officials announced that the park would be prohibited from hosting any future postseason games without lights.<sup id="cite_ref-lights_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lights-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before then, all games at Wrigley were played during the day. Night games are still limited in number by agreement with the city council. </p><p>In 1942, then-owner <a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Wrigley" title="Philip K. Wrigley">Philip K. Wrigley</a> had planned to install lights, but the equipment was instead diverted for the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> effort. On July 1, 1943, the <a href="/wiki/All-American_Girls_Professional_Baseball_League" title="All-American Girls Professional Baseball League">All-American Girls Professional Baseball League</a>'s first midseason All-Star Game was played under temporary lights at Wrigley Field, between two teams composed of <a href="/wiki/South_Bend_Blue_Sox" title="South Bend Blue Sox">South Bend Blue Sox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rockford_Peaches" title="Rockford Peaches">Rockford Peaches</a> players versus <a href="/wiki/Kenosha_Comets" title="Kenosha Comets">Kenosha Comets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Racine_Belles" title="Racine Belles">Racine Belles</a> players. It was also the first night game ever played in the ballpark. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/1984_World_Series" title="1984 World Series">1984 World Series</a> was scheduled to start in the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> park, but the MLB actually had a contingency plan to instead start the Series at the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> park in the event that the <a href="/wiki/1984_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1984 Chicago Cubs season">Cubs</a> won the <a href="/wiki/1984_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1984 National League Championship Series">NLCS</a> against the <a href="/wiki/1984_San_Diego_Padres_season" title="1984 San Diego Padres season">San Diego Padres</a>. This would have allowed the Wrigley Field-hosted (i.e. daytime) games to be held over the weekend; in return, only one night game (game 3 on Friday) would have been lost. Had the Cubs advanced to the Series instead of the Padres, the <a href="/wiki/1984_Detroit_Tigers_season" title="1984 Detroit Tigers season">Detroit Tigers</a> would have hosted games 1, 2, 6, and 7 (on Tuesday and Wednesday nights), while the Cubs would have hosted games 3, 4, and 5 (on Friday, Saturday and Sunday), with all three games in Chicago starting no later than 1:30 p.m. <a href="/wiki/Central_Time_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Time zone">CST</a>. Since the Padres wound up winning the 1984 NLCS, these plans proved moot. </p><p>In the late 1980s, Cubs management insisted that the team was in danger of leaving Wrigley if lights were not installed,<sup id="cite_ref-opening_night_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opening_night-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Major League Baseball threatened to make the Cubs play postseason "home" games at <a href="/wiki/Busch_Memorial_Stadium" title="Busch Memorial Stadium">Busch Stadium</a> in St. Louis.<sup id="cite_ref-ballparksmswf_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ballparksmswf-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 5,687 consecutive day games played by the Cubs at Wrigley, the lights were finally lit on August 8, 1988, for a game against the <a href="/wiki/1988_Philadelphia_Phillies_season" title="1988 Philadelphia Phillies season">Philadelphia Phillies</a>. However, that game was rained out after 3½ innings,<sup id="cite_ref-lights_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lights-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first official night game took place the following evening against the <a href="/wiki/1988_New_York_Mets" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 New York Mets">New York Mets</a>, whom the Cubs beat 6–4.<sup id="cite_ref-lights_92-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lights-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 7, 2022 Wrigley Field upgraded to <a href="/wiki/Light-emitting_diode" title="Light-emitting diode">LED</a> field lights.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stadium_usage">Stadium usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Stadium usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_events_at_Wrigley_Field" title="List of events at Wrigley Field">List of events at Wrigley Field</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baseball">Baseball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs_franchise_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Cubs franchise history">Chicago Cubs franchise history</a></div> <p>Wrigley Field's first tenant was the <a href="/wiki/Federal_League" title="Federal League">Federal League</a> team, the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Whales" title="Chicago Whales">Chicago Whales</a>, from 1914 to 1915. It has served as the home baseball park for <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>'s Chicago Cubs franchise since 1916. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> played at Wrigley Field for 50 years, from 1921 to 1970 before relocating to <a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a>. The team had transferred from Decatur, and retained the name "<a href="/wiki/Chicago_Staleys" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Staleys">Staleys</a>" for the 1921 season. They renamed themselves the Bears in order to identify with the baseball team, then a common practice in the NFL. Wrigley Field once held the record for the most NFL games played in a single stadium, with 365 regular season games, but this record was surpassed in 2003 by <a href="/wiki/Giants_Stadium" title="Giants Stadium">Giants Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, thanks to its dual-occupancy by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants" title="New York Giants">New York Giants</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_Jets" title="New York Jets">New York Jets</a>. On September 14, 2003, the game played between the Jets and <a href="/wiki/2003_Miami_Dolphins_season" title="2003 Miami Dolphins season">Miami Dolphins</a> was the 366th regular season NFL game at Giants Stadium, breaking Wrigley's regular season record.<sup id="cite_ref-si_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-si-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 50 seasons the Bears spent at Wrigley Field had been an NFL record until 2006, when <a href="/wiki/Lambeau_Field" title="Lambeau Field">Lambeau Field</a> duplicated this feat by hosting the <a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_Packers" title="Green Bay Packers">Green Bay Packers</a> for a 50th season and broke it in <a href="/wiki/2007_NFL_season" title="2007 NFL season">2007</a>. Soldier Field also matched the accomplishment when the Bears played there for their 50th season in <a href="/wiki/2021_NFL_season" title="2021 NFL season">2021</a> and would the break the record when the Bears played their 51st season in the venue in <a href="/wiki/2022_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2022 Chicago Bears season">2022</a>. </p><p>Initially, the Bears worked with the stands that were there. Eventually, they acquired a large, portable bleacher section that spanned the right and center field areas and covered most of the existing bleacher seating and part of the right field corner seating. This "East Stand" raised Wrigley's football capacity to about 47,000, or a net gain of perhaps 9,000 seats over normal capacity. After the Bears left, this structure would live on for several years as the "North Stand" at <a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a>, until it was replaced by permanent seating. </p><p>The football field ran north-to-south, i.e. from left field to the foul side of first base. The remodeling of the bleachers made for a very tight fit for the gridiron. In fact, the corner of the south end zone was literally in the visiting baseball team's dugout, which was filled with pads for safety, and required a special ground rule that sliced off that corner of the end zone. The end zone was also shorter than the north, as the south end zone was eight yards, compared to the regulation ten yards.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One corner of the north end line ran just inches short of the left field wall. There is a legend that Bears fullback <a href="/wiki/Bronko_Nagurski" title="Bronko Nagurski">Bronko Nagurski</a> steamrolled through the line head down, and ran all the way through that end zone, smacking his leather-helmeted head on the bricks. He went back to the bench and told then-coach <a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a>, "That last guy gave me quite a lick!" That kind of incident prompted the Bears to hang some padding in front of the wall. </p><p>The Bears are second only to the Packers in total NFL championships, and all but one of those (their only <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowl</a> championship) came during their tenure at Wrigley. After a half-century, they found themselves compelled to move as the NFL wanted every one of its stadiums to seat at least 50,000 as a result of the then-recent <a href="/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger" title="AFL–NFL merger">AFL–NFL merger</a>. The Bears held one game at Dyche Stadium (now <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Field_(stadium)" title="Ryan Field (stadium)">Ryan Field</a>) on the <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a> campus in 1970, but otherwise continued at Wrigley until their transfer to the lakefront ended their five-decade run on the north side. </p><p>One remnant of the Bears' time at Wrigley was uncovered during the offseason rebuilding of the playing field between 2007 and 2008: the foundations for the goal posts. Five NFL championship games were played at Wrigley Field: <a href="/wiki/1933_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1933 NFL Championship Game">1933</a>, <a href="/wiki/1937_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1937 NFL Championship Game">1937</a>, <a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1941 NFL Championship Game">1941</a>, <a href="/wiki/1943_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1943 NFL Championship Game">1943</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1963_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1963 NFL Championship Game">1963</a>. Coupled with the Chicago Bears, the Chicago Cardinals (now the <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals" title="Arizona Cardinals">Arizona Cardinals</a>) of the NFL called Wrigley Field home from 1931 to 1938. Born on the South Side of Chicago, the Cardinals also played their home games at Normal Park, <a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a>, and Soldier Field. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_football" title="Northwestern Wildcats football">Northwestern Wildcats</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Fighting_Illini_football" title="Illinois Fighting Illini football">Illinois Fighting Illini</a> played a <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> game at Wrigley Field on November 20, 2010. It was the first football game at Wrigley Field since 1970, and the first collegiate football game there since 1938, when the <a href="/wiki/DePaul_Blue_Demons" title="DePaul Blue Demons">DePaul Blue Demons</a> played its regular games at Wrigley.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The field used an east–west field configuration (third base to right field). In order to keep the playing field at regulation size, the safety clearances for each end zone to the walls in the field were considerably less than normal. In particular, the east (right field) end zone came under scrutiny as its end zone was wedged extremely close to the right field wall (as close as one foot in some areas), forcing the goal posts to be hung from the right field wall in order to fit. Despite extra padding provided in these locations, it was decided that all offensive plays for both teams play to the west end zone, where there was more safety clearance. The east end zone could still be used on defensive and special teams touchdowns, as well as defensive safeties; and, in fact, there was one interception run back for an eastbound touchdown.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten</a> Commissioner <a href="/wiki/Jim_Delany" title="Jim Delany">Jim Delany</a> said that, as late as three days before the game, he had only been apprised that the situation wasn't "anything other than tight". When he had a chance to fully vet the situation, however, he concluded that the space surrounding the east end zone was smaller than the minimum of six feet stipulated in NCAA rules, and it would have been too great of a risk to allow offensive plays to be run toward that end zone.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Fighting Illini won the game 48–27, taking home the Land of Lincoln Trophy, which was introduced in 2009. </p><p>Northwestern football returned to Wrigley Field in 2021 and 2023, and hosted two games at Wrigley Field during stadium reconstruction. During the 2017 offseason, the home (third base) dugout and adjacent seating were redesigned to be portable, and the playing field will accommodate a regulation size 120-yard football field that will run east-west, unlike the Bears, when the stadium was north-south. During most of the Bears' run in Wrigley Field, the goal posts were located on the goal line as was NFL rules until 1975, not the end line as it was in college and after 1974, the NFL, which made the deeper end zones relevant. A Northwestern football game had also been scheduled for Wrigley in 2020, but was relocated to Northwestern's <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Field_(stadium)" title="Ryan Field (stadium)">Ryan Field</a> due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a makeup, Northwestern relocated their 2021 home game against <a href="/wiki/Purdue_Boilermakers_football" title="Purdue Boilermakers football">Purdue</a> to Wrigley Field, which was held in November. The Wildcats also hosted <a href="/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes_football" title="Iowa Hawkeyes football">Iowa</a> in November 2023. The Wildcats hosted <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_Buckeyes_football" title="Ohio State Buckeyes football">Ohio State</a> on November 16, 2024 and will host the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Fighting_Illini_football" title="Illinois Fighting Illini football">Fighting Illini</a> November 30, 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soccer">Soccer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Soccer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_configured_for_soccer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wrigley_Field_configured_for_soccer.jpg/220px-Wrigley_Field_configured_for_soccer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wrigley_Field_configured_for_soccer.jpg/330px-Wrigley_Field_configured_for_soccer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wrigley_Field_configured_for_soccer.jpg/440px-Wrigley_Field_configured_for_soccer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Wrigley Field configured for soccer in 2012.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sting" title="Chicago Sting">Chicago Sting</a> of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%931984)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–1984)">North American Soccer League (NASL)</a> used Wrigley, along with <a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a>, for their home matches during the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Sting hosted the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Sockers_(1974%E2%80%9396)" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego Sockers (1974–96)">San Diego Sockers</a> at Wrigley on August 25, 1979, when the Bears were using Soldier Field.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the Bears' football layout, the <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">soccer</a> pitch ran east to west, from right field to the foul territory on the third base side.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soccer returned to Wrigley Field in July 2012, when Italian club <a href="/wiki/A.S._Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="A.S. Roma">A.S. Roma</a> defeated Poland's <a href="/wiki/Zaglebie_Lubin" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaglebie Lubin">Zaglebie Lubin</a> 4–0 in a <a href="/wiki/Friendly_match" class="mw-redirect" title="Friendly match">friendly match</a> with 22,181 spectators.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A regular season <a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Soccer_League" title="National Women's Soccer League">National Women's Soccer League</a> match between the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Red_Stars" title="Chicago Red Stars">Chicago Red Stars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bay_FC" title="Bay FC">Bay FC</a> was played at Wrigley Field on June 8, 2024. They were the first women's teams to play at the stadium since 1943 and broke the league's attendance record with 35,038 spectators; the Red Stars lost 2–1.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hockey">Hockey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2009_Winter_Classic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/2009_Winter_Classic.jpg/220px-2009_Winter_Classic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/2009_Winter_Classic.jpg/330px-2009_Winter_Classic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/2009_Winter_Classic.jpg/440px-2009_Winter_Classic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1136" /></a><figcaption>Hockey rink layout during the 2009 NHL Winter Classic between the Blackhawks and Red Wings</figcaption></figure> <p>On January 1, 2009, the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> played its <a href="/wiki/2009_NHL_Winter_Classic" title="2009 NHL Winter Classic">2009 Winter Classic</a> at Wrigley Field, pitting two "<a href="/wiki/Original_Six" title="Original Six">Original Six</a>" teams – the host <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Blackhawks" title="Chicago Blackhawks">Chicago Blackhawks</a> and the visiting <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Red_Wings" title="Detroit Red Wings">Detroit Red Wings</a> – in an outdoor <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a> game. The rink ran across the field from first base to third base with second base being covered by roughly the center of the rink. The attendance for this game was 40,818. The Red Wings won 6–4.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wrigley Field will host the <a href="/wiki/2025_NHL_Winter_Classic" title="2025 NHL Winter Classic">2025 NHL Winter Classic</a> on December 31, 2024 between the Chicago Blackhawks and the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues" title="St. Louis Blues">St. Louis Blues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concerts">Concerts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Concerts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wrigley_Field" title="Special:EditPage/Wrigley Field">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Since 2005, Wrigley Field has been opened on a limited basis to popular concerts, but not without some controversy.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local neighborhood groups<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (August 2012)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> have expressed concerns about the impact of concert crowds and noise on the surrounding residential neighborhood, particularly in 2009, when three concerts were added to the schedule, one conflicting with an annual neighborhood festival. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_concerts">List of concerts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: List of concerts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th width="12%" style="text-align:center;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;">Date </th> <th width="10%" style="text-align:center;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;">Artist </th> <th width="10%" style="text-align:center;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;">Opening act(s) </th> <th width="16%" style="text-align:center;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;">Tour / Concert name </th> <th width="10%" style="text-align:center;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;">Attendance </th> <th width="10%" style="text-align:center;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;">Revenue </th> <th width="20%" style="text-align:center;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>September 4, 2005</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Buffett" title="Jimmy Buffett">Jimmy Buffett</a></td> <td rowspan="2">—</td> <td rowspan="2">A Salty Piece of Land Tour</td> <td rowspan="2">78,755 / 78,755</td> <td rowspan="2">$7,897,550</td> <td rowspan="2">These shows were his first ever at the ballpark and were captured on DVD with the release "Live in Wrigley Field".<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 5, 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 5, 2007</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/The_Police" title="The Police">The Police</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fiction_Plane" title="Fiction Plane">Fiction Plane</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/The_Police_Reunion_Tour" title="The Police Reunion Tour">The Police Reunion Tour</a></td> <td rowspan="2">79,458 / 79,458</td> <td rowspan="2">$9,494,248</td> <td rowspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 6, 2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 16, 2009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></td> <td>-</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Face_to_Face_2009" title="Face to Face 2009">Face to Face 2009</a></td> <td>77,520 / 77,520</td> <td>$11,154,840</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 18, 2009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rascal_Flatts" title="Rascal Flatts">Rascal Flatts</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dierks_Bentley" title="Dierks Bentley">Dierks Bentley</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Darius_Rucker" title="Darius Rucker">Darius Rucker</a></td> <td>American Living Unstoppable Tour</td> <td>36,500 / 36,500</td> <td>$2,512,250</td> <td>The first country music group to play the ballpark.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 21, 2009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Face_to_Face_2009" title="Face to Face 2009">Face to Face 2009</a></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Chicago_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chicago-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Chicago_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chicago-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 17, 2010</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Matthews_Band" title="Dave Matthews Band">Dave Matthews Band</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Jason_Mraz" title="Jason Mraz">Jason Mraz</a></td> <td rowspan="2">Summer 2010 Tour</td> <td rowspan="2">78,302 / 78,302</td> <td rowspan="2">$5,942,991</td> <td rowspan="2">These show were recorded for the album "<a href="/wiki/Live_at_Wrigley_Field" title="Live at Wrigley Field">Live at Wrigley Field</a>" with Night 1 only being released in the Double Play edition. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 18, 2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 31, 2011</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Holmes_(musician)" title="Chris Holmes (musician)">DJ Chris Holmes</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/On_the_Run_(Paul_McCartney)" title="On the Run (Paul McCartney)">On the Run</a></td> <td rowspan="2">83,988 / 83,988</td> <td rowspan="2">$10,929,728</td> <td rowspan="2">This was his first visit to Chicago since 2005. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 1, 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 8, 2012</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roger_Waters" title="Roger Waters">Roger Waters</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Live_(2010%E2%80%9313)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wall Live (2010–13)">The Wall Live</a></td> <td>36,881 / 36,881</td> <td>$4,388,860</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 9, 2012</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brad_Paisley" title="Brad Paisley">Brad Paisley</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miranda_Lambert" title="Miranda Lambert">Miranda Lambert</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chris_Young_(singer)" title="Chris Young (singer)">Chris Young</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Band_Perry" title="The Band Perry">The Band Perry</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jerrod_Niemann" title="Jerrod Niemann">Jerrod Niemann</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Reality_World_Tour" title="Virtual Reality World Tour">Virtual Reality World Tour</a></td> <td>37,889 / 37,889</td> <td>$3,012,600</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 7, 2012</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> & <a href="/wiki/The_E_Street_Band" class="mw-redirect" title="The E Street Band">The E Street Band</a></td> <td rowspan="2">—</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Wrecking_Ball_World_Tour" title="Wrecking Ball World Tour">Wrecking Ball World Tour</a></td> <td rowspan="2">84,218 / 84,218</td> <td rowspan="2">$7,090,141</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Vedder" title="Eddie Vedder">Eddie Vedder</a> was the special guest. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 8, 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 19, 2013</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Jam" title="Pearl Jam">Pearl Jam</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lightning_Bolt_Tour" title="Lightning Bolt Tour">Lightning Bolt Tour</a></td> <td>—</td> <td>—</td> <td>The show became the fastest concert to sell-out at Wrigley Field.<sup id="cite_ref-SellOut_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SellOut-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The show was interrupted for more than two hours due to the threat of lightning.<sup id="cite_ref-Irony_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Irony-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 20, 2013</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jason_Aldean" title="Jason Aldean">Jason Aldean</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miranda_Lambert" title="Miranda Lambert">Miranda Lambert</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rhett" title="Thomas Rhett">Thomas Rhett</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jake_Owen" title="Jake Owen">Jake Owen</a><br />DeeJay Silver</td> <td><a href="/wiki/2013_Night_Train_Tour" title="2013 Night Train Tour">2013 Night Train Tour</a></td> <td>39,846 / 39,846</td> <td>$3,111,156</td> <td>Footage from this show was featured in a live concert DVD entitled 'Night Train to Georgia'.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kelly_Clarkson" title="Kelly Clarkson">Kelly Clarkson</a> was the special guest. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 18, 2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_DeGraw" title="Gavin DeGraw">Gavin DeGraw</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel_in_Concert" title="Billy Joel in Concert">Billy Joel in Concert</a></td> <td>41,957 / 41,957</td> <td>$4,668,557</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 19, 2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blake_Shelton" title="Blake Shelton">Blake Shelton</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Band_Perry" title="The Band Perry">The Band Perry</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dan_%2B_Shay" title="Dan + Shay">Dan + Shay</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Neal_McCoy" title="Neal McCoy">Neal McCoy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ten_Times_Crazier_Tour" title="Ten Times Crazier Tour">2014 Ten Times Crazier Tour</a></td> <td>40,912 / 40,912</td> <td>$2,697,990</td> <td>This was his first stadium show at the ballpark. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 13, 2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zac_Brown_Band" title="Zac Brown Band">Zac Brown Band</a></td> <td>—</td> <td>The Great American Road Trip Tour</td> <td>37,467 / 41,495</td> <td>$2,906,949</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 27, 2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_DeGraw" title="Gavin DeGraw">Gavin DeGraw</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel_in_Concert" title="Billy Joel in Concert">Billy Joel in Concert</a></td> <td>41,183 / 41,183</td> <td>$4,521,252</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 29, 2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Foo_Fighters" title="Foo Fighters">Foo Fighters</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheap_Trick" title="Cheap Trick">Cheap Trick</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Naked_Raygun" title="Naked Raygun">Naked Raygun</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Urge_Overkill" title="Urge Overkill">Urge Overkill</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Highways_World_Tour" title="Sonic Highways World Tour">Sonic Highways World Tour</a></td> <td>40,788 / 40,788</td> <td>$2,501,510</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheap_Trick" title="Cheap Trick">Cheap Trick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Urge_Overkill" title="Urge Overkill">Urge Overkill</a> were special guests.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 11, 2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zac_Brown_Band" title="Zac Brown Band">Zac Brown Band</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jekyll_and_Hyde_Tour" title="Jekyll and Hyde Tour">Jekyll and Hyde Tour</a></td> <td>40,039 / 40,162</td> <td>$2,836,616</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 15, 2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/AC/DC" title="AC/DC">AC/DC</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vintage_Trouble" title="Vintage Trouble">Vintage Trouble</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rock_or_Bust_World_Tour" title="Rock or Bust World Tour">Rock or Bust World Tour</a></td> <td>29,732 / 29,732</td> <td>$3,024,480</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 24, 2016</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Phish" title="Phish">Phish</a></td> <td rowspan="2">—</td> <td rowspan="2">2016 Summer Tour</td> <td rowspan="2">83,588 / 84,356</td> <td rowspan="2">$4,761,063</td> <td rowspan="2">These shows were webcast via <a href="/wiki/Live_Phish" class="mw-redirect" title="Live Phish">Live Phish</a>. During the second show, Happy Birthday was played for Phish tour manager Richard Glasgow.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 25, 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 30, 2016</td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Taylor" title="James Taylor">James Taylor</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Browne" title="Jackson Browne">Jackson Browne</a></td> <td>Before This World Tour</td> <td>39,441 / 40,624</td> <td>$3,951,938</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 20, 2016</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Jam" title="Pearl Jam">Pearl Jam</a></td> <td rowspan="2">—</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Jam_2016_North_America_Tour" title="Pearl Jam 2016 North America Tour">2016 North America Tour</a></td> <td rowspan="2">83,478 / 84,951</td> <td rowspan="2">$5,712,625</td> <td rowspan="2">At their second show, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Rodman" title="Dennis Rodman">Dennis Rodman</a> was the special guest.<sup id="cite_ref-COS-WF_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COS-WF-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CT-WF_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CT-WF-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CT-DR_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CT-DR-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spin-DR_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spin-DR-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 22, 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 26, 2016</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel_in_Concert" title="Billy Joel in Concert">Billy Joel in Concert</a></td> <td>41,997 / 41,997</td> <td>$4,876,038</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 27, 2016</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luke_Bryan" title="Luke Bryan">Luke Bryan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Little_Big_Town" title="Little Big Town">Little Big Town</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Lynch" title="Dustin Lynch">Dustin Lynch</a><br />DJ Rock</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kill_the_Lights_Tour" title="Kill the Lights Tour">Kill the Lights Tour</a></td> <td>41,819 / 41,819</td> <td>$4,457,358</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 29, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Petty" title="Tom Petty">Tom Petty</a> & <a href="/wiki/The_Heartbreakers" title="The Heartbreakers">The Heartbreakers</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chris_Stapleton" title="Chris Stapleton">Chris Stapleton</a></td> <td>40th Anniversary Tour</td> <td>40,345 / 40,345</td> <td>$4,169,953</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 30, 2017</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dead_%26_Company" title="Dead & Company">Dead & Company</a></td> <td rowspan="2">—</td> <td rowspan="2">Dead & Company Summer Tour 2017</td> <td rowspan="2">79,489 / 86,856</td> <td rowspan="2">$6,357,746</td> <td rowspan="2">The July 1 show set the attendance record for the most tickets sold for a single concert at Wrigley Field, with 43,600 sold.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 1, 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 15, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Buffett" title="Jimmy Buffett">Jimmy Buffett</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huey_Lewis_and_the_News" title="Huey Lewis and the News">Huey Lewis and the News</a></td> <td>I Don't Know Tour 2017</td> <td>41,788 / 42,309</td> <td>$4,211,407</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 17, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Taylor" title="James Taylor">James Taylor</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Raitt" title="Bonnie Raitt">Bonnie Raitt</a></td> <td>2017 US Summer Tour</td> <td>28,890 / 41,688</td> <td>$2,380,017</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 11, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel_in_Concert" title="Billy Joel in Concert">Billy Joel in Concert</a></td> <td>41,920 / 41,920</td> <td>$4,694,156</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 12, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida_Georgia_Line" title="Florida Georgia Line">Florida Georgia Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Backstreet_Boys" title="Backstreet Boys">Backstreet Boys</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nelly" title="Nelly">Nelly</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chris_Lane" title="Chris Lane">Chris Lane</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Smooth_Tour" title="Smooth Tour">Smooth Tour</a></td> <td>42,387 / 42,387</td> <td>$3,387,468</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 24, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catfish_and_the_Bottlemen" title="Catfish and the Bottlemen">Catfish and the Bottlemen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Revolution_Radio_Tour" title="Revolution Radio Tour">Revolution Radio Tour</a></td> <td>32,491 / 42,442</td> <td>$1,901,635</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 25, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lady_Gaga" title="Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/DJ_White_Shadow" title="DJ White Shadow">DJ White Shadow</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joanne_World_Tour" title="Joanne World Tour">Joanne World Tour</a></td> <td>41,847 / 41,847</td> <td>$5,213,820</td> <td>First female performer to headline at the ballpark.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 26, 2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zac_Brown_Band" title="Zac Brown Band">Zac Brown Band</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Hayes" title="Hunter Hayes">Hunter Hayes</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Welcome_Home_Tour" class="mw-redirect" title="Welcome Home Tour">Welcome Home Tour</a></td> <td>40,603 / 42,196</td> <td>$3,269,267</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 13, 2018 </td> <td>Jimmy Buffett </td> <td>Boz Scaggs </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 14, 2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Def_Leppard" title="Def Leppard">Def Leppard</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Journey_(band)" title="Journey (band)">Journey</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Pretenders" title="The Pretenders">The Pretenders</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Def_Leppard_%26_Journey_2018_Tour" title="Def Leppard & Journey 2018 Tour">Def Leppard & Journey 2018 Tour</a></td> <td>35,528 / 35,528</td> <td>$3,331,079</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 29, 2018</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Foo_Fighters" title="Foo Fighters">Foo Fighters</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Melkbelly" title="Melkbelly">Melkbelly</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Struts" title="The Struts">The Struts</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Concrete_and_Gold_Tour" title="Concrete and Gold Tour">Concrete and Gold Tour</a></td> <td rowspan="2">76,299 / 76,299</td> <td rowspan="2">$6,490,979</td> <td rowspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 30, 2018</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Touched_by_Ghoul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Touched by Ghoul (page does not exist)">Touched by Ghoul</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Breeders" title="The Breeders">The Breeders</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 18, 2018</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Jam" title="Pearl Jam">Pearl Jam</a></td> <td rowspan="2">—</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Jam_2018_Tour" title="Pearl Jam 2018 Tour">Pearl Jam 2018 Tour</a></td> <td rowspan="2">83,100 / 83,348</td> <td rowspan="2">$7,106,534</td> <td rowspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 20, 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 1, 2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luke_Bryan" title="Luke Bryan">Luke Bryan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sam_Hunt" title="Sam Hunt">Sam Hunt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jon_Pardi" title="Jon Pardi">Jon Pardi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Wallen" title="Morgan Wallen">Morgan Wallen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/What_Makes_You_Country_Tour" title="What Makes You Country Tour">What Makes You Country Tour</a></td> <td>40,013 / 40,013</td> <td>$3,217,012</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 7, 2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel_in_Concert" title="Billy Joel in Concert">Billy Joel in Concert</a></td> <td>41,180 / 41,180</td> <td>$4,763,850</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 8, 2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fall_Out_Boy" title="Fall Out Boy">Fall Out Boy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rise_Against" title="Rise Against">Rise Against</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Machine_Gun_Kelly_(rapper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Machine Gun Kelly (rapper)">Machine Gun Kelly</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mania_Tour" title="Mania Tour">Mania Tour</a></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="skin-invert no table-no2"><abbr title="To be announced">TBA</abbr></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="skin-invert no table-no2"><abbr title="To be announced">TBA</abbr></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Setlist_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Setlist-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 14, 2019 </td> <td rowspan="2">Dead & Company </td> <td rowspan="2">— </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dead_%26_Company_Summer_Tour_2019" title="Dead & Company Summer Tour 2019">Dead & Company Summer Tour 2019</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">72,851 / 83,234 </td> <td rowspan="2">$7,055,528 </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 15, 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 15, 2021</td> <td>Green Day<br />Fall Out Boy<br /><a href="/wiki/Weezer" title="Weezer">Weezer</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Interrupters_(band)" title="The Interrupters (band)">The Interrupters</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hella_Mega_Tour" title="Hella Mega Tour">Hella Mega Tour</a></td> <td>39,729 / 39,729</td> <td>$4,526,940</td> <td>Originally August 13, 2020; but was postponed due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 29, 2021</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aventura_(band)" title="Aventura (band)">Aventura</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Inmortal_Tour" title="Inmortal Tour">Inmortal Stadium Tour</a></td> <td>27,924 / 27,924</td> <td>$2,530,617</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 16, 2021</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses" title="Guns N' Roses">Guns N' Roses</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_WVH" title="Mammoth WVH">Mammoth WVH</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses_2020_Tour" class="mw-redirect" title="Guns N' Roses 2020 Tour">Guns N' Roses 2020 Tour</a></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="skin-invert no table-no2"><abbr title="To be announced">TBA</abbr></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: #DDF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="skin-invert no table-no2"><abbr title="To be announced">TBA</abbr> </td> <td>Originally July 26, 2020; but was postponed due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. After the band's show, Rose released a statement saying he was suffering from <a href="/wiki/Food_poisoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Food poisoning">food poisoning</a> during the show, but he performed the show in full.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 12, 2023 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pink_(singer)" title="Pink (singer)">P!nk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grouplove" title="Grouplove">Grouplove</a><br />KidCutUp<br /><a href="/wiki/Pat_Benatar" title="Pat Benatar">Pat Benatar</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Neil_Giraldo" title="Neil Giraldo">Neil Giraldo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Summer_Carnival_(tour)" title="Summer Carnival (tour)">Summer Carnival</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 15, 2022</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lady_Gaga" title="Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a></td> <td>—</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Chromatica_Ball" title="The Chromatica Ball">The Chromatica Ball</a></td> <td>43,019 / 43,019</td> <td>$6,905,799</td> <td>Originally August 14, 2020, then August 27, 2021; but was postponed due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 25, 2023 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Brothers" title="Jonas Brothers">Jonas Brothers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_(band)" title="Lawrence (band)">Lawrence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Five_Albums._One_Night._The_World_Tour" title="Five Albums. One Night. The World Tour">Five Albums. One Night. The World Tour</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 15, 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Def_Leppard" title="Def Leppard">Def Leppard</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Journey_(band)" title="Journey (band)">Journey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Steve_Miller_Band" title="Steve Miller Band">Steve Miller Band</a> </td> <td>The Summer Stadium Tour </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 13, 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Smashing_Pumpkins" title="The Smashing Pumpkins">The Smashing Pumpkins</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rancid_(band)" title="Rancid (band)">Rancid</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Linda_Lindas" title="The Linda Lindas">The Linda Lindas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Saviors_Tour" title="The Saviors Tour">The Saviors Tour</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 26, 2025</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stray_Kids" title="Stray Kids">Stray Kids</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominate_World_Tour" title="Dominate World Tour">Dominate World Tour</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traditions_and_mainstays">Traditions and mainstays</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Traditions and mainstays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corporate_sponsorship">Corporate sponsorship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Corporate sponsorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_ads1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Wrigley_ads1.JPG/300px-Wrigley_ads1.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Wrigley_ads1.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="188" /></a><figcaption>Some Wrigley Field advertising in 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>Wrigley Field shares its name with the <a href="/wiki/Wm._Wrigley_Jr._Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company">Wrigley Company</a>, as the park was named for its then-owner <a href="/wiki/William_Wrigley_Jr." title="William Wrigley Jr.">William Wrigley Jr.</a>, the company's CEO. As early as the 1920s, before the park became officially known as Wrigley Field, the scoreboard was topped by the elf-like "<a href="/wiki/Doublemint" title="Doublemint">Doublemint</a> Twins", posed as a pitcher and a batter. There were also ads painted on the bare right field wall early in the ballpark's history, prior to the 1923 remodeling, which put bleachers there. After that, the Doublemint elves were the only visible in-park advertising. The elves were removed permanently in 1937, when the bleachers and scoreboard were rebuilt. It would be about 44 years before in-park advertising would reappear. </p><p>Ironically given the roots of its name, Wrigley Field had been a notable exception to the trend of selling <a href="/wiki/Naming_rights" title="Naming rights">corporate naming rights</a> to sporting venues. The <a href="/wiki/Tribune_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribune Company">Tribune Company</a>, the owners of the park from 1981 to 2009, chose not to rename the ballpark, utilizing other ways to bring in corporate sponsorship. During the mid-1980s, <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a> placed <a href="/wiki/Budweiser" title="Budweiser">Budweiser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bud_Light" class="mw-redirect" title="Bud Light">Bud Light</a> advertisements beneath the center field scoreboard. Bud Light became the sponsor of the rebuilt bleachers in 2006. </p><p>In the early 2000s, following the trend of many ballparks, a green-screen <a href="/wiki/Chroma_key" title="Chroma key">chroma key</a> board was installed behind home plate in the line of sight of the center field camera to allow electronic "rotating" advertisements visible only to TV audiences. By 2006, the board was set up to allow advertisements to be both physical and electronic (they can be seen in both live and replay shots). </p><p>In 2007, the first on-field advertising appeared since the park's early days. Sporting goods firm <a href="/wiki/Under_Armour" title="Under Armour">Under Armour</a> placed its logo on the double-doors between the ivy on the outfield wall in left-center and right-center fields. Advertisements were also placed in the dugouts, originally for <a href="/wiki/Sears" title="Sears">Sears</a> department stores, then <a href="/wiki/Walter_E._Smithe" title="Walter E. Smithe">Walter E. Smithe</a> furniture and currently <a href="/wiki/State_Farm" title="State Farm">State Farm</a> insurance. </p><p>For 2008 and 2009, the Cubs worked out an agreement with the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Board_Options_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Board Options Exchange">Chicago Board Options Exchange</a> to allow the CBOE to auction some 70 box seat season tickets and award naming rights to them.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the 2009 season, the Cubs announced that the renovated restaurant space in the southeast corner of Wrigley Field, formerly known as the Friendly Confines Cafe, would be renamed the Captain Morgan Club.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 27, 2009, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Ricketts" title="Thomas S. Ricketts">Thomas S. Ricketts</a> officially took over 95% ownership of the Cubs and Wrigley Field, and 20% ownership of <a href="/wiki/Comcast_SportsNet_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="Comcast SportsNet Chicago">Comcast SportsNet Chicago</a>. The Tribune retained 5% ownership.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ricketts, however, has expressed no interest in selling the naming rights to the park, preferring that it retain the name it has used since 1926. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Outside_venues">Outside venues</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Outside venues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Corporate sponsorship has not been limited to the park itself. Wrigley Field has a view of the neighborhood buildings across Waveland and Sheffield Avenues. In addition to spectators standing or sitting on the apartment roofs, corporate sponsors have frequently taken advantage of those locations as well. In the earliest days of Weeghman Park, one building across Sheffield Avenue advertised a local hangout known as Bismarck Gardens (later called the Marigold Gardens after World War I). That same building has since advertised for the Torco Oil Company, <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Miller_Brewing_Company" title="Miller Brewing Company">Miller Brewing Company</a>, and Gilbert's Craft Sausages. </p><p>A building across from deep right-center field was topped by a neon sign for <a href="/wiki/Baby_Ruth" title="Baby Ruth">Baby Ruth</a> candy beginning in the mid-1930s and running for some 40 years. That placement by the Chicago-based <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Candy_Company" title="Curtiss Candy Company">Curtiss Candy Company</a> (which is now under <a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a>), coincidentally positioned in the line of sight of "<a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth%27s_called_shot#Legacy_and_cultural_references" title="Babe Ruth's called shot">Babe Ruth's called shot</a>", proved fortuitous when games began to be televised in the 1940s—the sign was also in the line of sight of the ground level camera behind and to the left of home plate. The aging sign was eventually removed in the early 1970s. </p><p>Another long-standing venue for a sign is the sloping roof of a building behind left-center field. Unsuitable for the bleachers that now decorate many of those buildings, that building's angling roof has been painted in the form of a large billboard since at least the 1940s. In recent years, it has borne a bright-red Budweiser sign, and beginning in 2009, an advertisement for Horseshoe Casino. Other buildings have carried signs sponsoring beers, such as Old Style (when it was a Cubs broadcasting sponsor) and Miller, and also <a href="/wiki/WGN-TV" title="WGN-TV">WGN-TV</a>, which has telecast Cubs games since April 1948. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legacy_partners">Legacy partners</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Legacy partners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2013, the Ricketts family launched "Legacy Partners", a marketing effort to sell new advertising in and around the <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_renovations" title="Wrigley Field renovations">renovated Wrigley Field</a>. In conjunction with the new "W Partners",<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Cubs entered into 10-year agreements with its largest advertisers. </p> <ol><li>– <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a></li> <li>– <a href="/wiki/Under_Armour" title="Under Armour">Under Armour</a><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>– ATI Physical Therapy, a national Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation organization<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>– <a href="/wiki/CIVC_Partners" title="CIVC Partners">Wintrust Financial Corporation</a>, a Chicago-based regional bank holding company<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>– <a href="/wiki/Sloan_Valve" class="mw-redirect" title="Sloan Valve">Sloan Valve</a><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>– <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>– <a href="/wiki/Nuveen_Investments" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuveen Investments">Nuveen Investments</a><sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>– Advocate Health Care, the largest health care provider in Illinois.</li> <li>– <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota Motor Corporation</a><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A permanent position just below the Clark and Addison marquee and other signage in and around the park and Wrigley Field parking lots.<sup id="cite_ref-Crains_Chicago_Business_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crains_Chicago_Business-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>– <a href="/wiki/PepsiCo" title="PepsiCo">PepsiCo</a><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Win_flag">Win flag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Win flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:268px;max-width:268px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:132px;max-width:132px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banks-Santo_retired_numbers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Banks-Santo_retired_numbers.jpg/130px-Banks-Santo_retired_numbers.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Banks-Santo_retired_numbers.jpg/195px-Banks-Santo_retired_numbers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Banks-Santo_retired_numbers.jpg/260px-Banks-Santo_retired_numbers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="848" data-file-height="636" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:132px;max-width:132px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Williams-Sandberg_retired_numbers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Williams-Sandberg_retired_numbers.jpg/130px-Williams-Sandberg_retired_numbers.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Williams-Sandberg_retired_numbers.jpg/195px-Williams-Sandberg_retired_numbers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Williams-Sandberg_retired_numbers.jpg/260px-Williams-Sandberg_retired_numbers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="801" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flow-root"><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:left">Retired numbers for <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Banks" title="Ernie Banks">Ernie Banks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ron_Santo" title="Ron Santo">Ron Santo</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Left_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Left field">left field</a> <a href="/wiki/Flagpole" title="Flagpole">foulpole</a> and for <a href="/wiki/Billy_Williams_(left_fielder)" class="mw-redirect" title="Billy Williams (left fielder)">Billy Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ryne_Sandberg" title="Ryne Sandberg">Ryne Sandberg</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Right_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Right field">right field</a> foulpole. Since May 3, 2009, the number 31 also flies on both foul poles, to honor <a href="/wiki/Ferguson_Jenkins" title="Ferguson Jenkins">Ferguson Jenkins</a> (left field) and <a href="/wiki/Greg_Maddux" title="Greg Maddux">Greg Maddux</a> (right field).</div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cubs_Win_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubs Win flag">Cubs Win flag</a></div> <p>Beginning in the days of P.K. Wrigley and the 1937 bleacher/scoreboard reconstruction, a flag with either a "W" or an "L" has flown from atop the scoreboard masthead, indicating the day's result. In case of a doubleheader that is split, both flags are flown.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Past Cubs media guides show that the original flags were blue with a white "W" and white with a blue "L", the latter coincidentally suggesting "surrender". In 1978, blue and white lights were mounted atop the scoreboard, to further denote wins and losses. </p><p>The flags were replaced in the early 1980s, and the color schemes were reversed with the "win flag" being white with a blue W, and the "loss flag" the opposite. In 1982, the retired number of Ernie Banks was flying on a foul pole, as white with blue numbers, in 1987, the retired number of Billy Williams joined Banks, the two flags were positioned from the foul poles, Banks from left field, and Williams from right field. Later on, the team retired numbers for Ron Santo, Ryne Sandberg, Ferguson Jenkins and Greg Maddux, with Jenkins and Maddux both using the same number (31). </p><p>Keeping with tradition, fans are known to bring win flags to home and away games, displaying them after a Cubs win. Flags are also sold at the ballpark. On April 24, 2008, the Cubs flew an extra white flag displaying "10,000" in blue, along with the win flag, as the 10,000th win in team history was achieved on the road the previous night. Alongside the tradition of the "W" and "L" flags, the song "<a href="/wiki/Go,_Cubs,_Go" title="Go, Cubs, Go">Go, Cubs, Go</a>" is sung after each home win (it was also sung by visiting Cubs fans in game 7 of the <a href="/wiki/2016_World_Series" title="2016 World Series">2016 World Series</a> at <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, where the Cubs clinched their first championship since 1908). Also, following the 2015 addition of the park's <a href="/wiki/Daktronics" title="Daktronics">Daktronics</a> video screens, the large "W" in the "Wintrust" logo on the left field video screen is kept on following Cubs' wins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game""><span id=".22Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game.22"></span>"Take Me Out to the Ball Game"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: "Take Me Out to the Ball Game""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tradition of singing "<a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Out_to_the_Ball_Game" title="Take Me Out to the Ball Game">Take Me Out to the Ball Game</a>" at Cubs home games began when Hall of Fame announcer <a href="/wiki/Harry_Caray" title="Harry Caray">Harry Caray</a> arrived in 1982 (he had sung it the preceding seven years as a broadcaster for the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">White Sox</a>), and has remained a Wrigley Field staple. After Caray's death, the tradition of a guest conductor began, with former baseball players, other sports stars, actors, and other celebrities invited to sing during the Seventh Inning Stretch. Among the best-known guests have been the actor <a href="/wiki/Bill_Murray" title="Bill Murray">Bill Murray</a>, former Bears coach <a href="/wiki/Mike_Ditka" title="Mike Ditka">Mike Ditka</a>, former Cubs second baseman <a href="/wiki/Ryne_Sandberg" title="Ryne Sandberg">Ryne Sandberg</a>, former pitcher <a href="/wiki/Mike_Krukow" title="Mike Krukow">Mike Krukow</a>, former longtime Cubs first baseman <a href="/wiki/Mark_Grace" title="Mark Grace">Mark Grace</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Houston_Rockets" title="Houston Rockets">Houston Rockets</a> star <a href="/wiki/Tracy_McGrady" title="Tracy McGrady">Tracy McGrady</a>, Chicago Blackhawks forwards <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Toews" title="Jonathan Toews">Jonathan Toews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Kane" title="Patrick Kane">Patrick Kane</a>, Chicago Bears quarterback <a href="/wiki/Jay_Cutler" title="Jay Cutler">Jay Cutler</a>, comedian <a href="/wiki/Jay_Leno" title="Jay Leno">Jay Leno</a>, <a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a> driver <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Gordon" title="Jeff Gordon">Jeff Gordon</a>, singers <a href="/wiki/Ozzy_Osbourne" title="Ozzy Osbourne">Ozzy Osbourne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Vedder" title="Eddie Vedder">Eddie Vedder</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Chicago_(band)" title="Chicago (band)">Chicago</a> lead singer <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cetera" title="Peter Cetera">Peter Cetera</a>, boxer and actor <a href="/wiki/Mr._T" title="Mr. T">Mr. T</a>, actor and lifelong Cub fan <a href="/wiki/Gary_Sinise" title="Gary Sinise">Gary Sinise</a>, actors <a href="/wiki/Tom_Arnold_(actor)" title="Tom Arnold (actor)">Tom Arnold</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Belushi" class="mw-redirect" title="James Belushi">James Belushi</a>, <a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">WWE</a> wrestler/Chicago native <a href="/wiki/CM_Punk" title="CM Punk">CM Punk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vince_Vaughn" title="Vince Vaughn">Vince Vaughn</a>, actress <a href="/wiki/Melissa_McCarthy" title="Melissa McCarthy">Melissa McCarthy</a>, and Illinois-native country music singer <a href="/wiki/Brett_Eldredge" title="Brett Eldredge">Brett Eldredge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organ_music">Organ music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Organ music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wrigley Field was the first Major League ballpark to introduce live <a href="/wiki/Organ_(music)" title="Organ (music)">organ</a> music on April 26, 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-DNA_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNA-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stadium's first organist was Ray Nelson.<sup id="cite_ref-MAINE_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAINE-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of July 2019, organist <a href="/wiki/Gary_Pressy" title="Gary Pressy">Gary Pressy</a>, holds the record for 2,653 consecutive games played, never having missed a day's work in 33 years.<sup id="cite_ref-CUBS_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CUBS-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, most major league ballparks have replaced the traditional live organist with canned music programmed by a <a href="/wiki/DJ" class="mw-redirect" title="DJ">DJ</a>. Pressy says: "I don't think it's a dying art, especially at Wrigley Field ... The team respects tradition."<sup id="cite_ref-DNA_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNA-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing_on_the_Wall">Writing on the Wall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Writing on the Wall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 2016 postseason, someone wrote a message in chalk on the outer brick wall of the stadium along Waveland and Sheffield avenues. This started a chain reaction and more fans began to write their own messages on the wall. The messages were anything from words of support expressed towards the team or just a name. Chalk covered a majority of the wall, to point where fans had to bring step ladders in order to reach upper spaces for their message.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cubs themselves encouraged the event by supplying chalk and adding extra security.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The event gained both local and national attention, receiving coverage from <a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports" title="Fox Sports">Fox Sports</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Scoreboard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wrigley_Scoreboard.jpg/175px-Wrigley_Scoreboard.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wrigley_Scoreboard.jpg/263px-Wrigley_Scoreboard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wrigley_Scoreboard.jpg/350px-Wrigley_Scoreboard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>The north exterior of Wrigley Field, with manual scoreboard visible, as it appears during the offseason. This picture was taken prior to the outfield bleacher expansion, which brought the bleachers over the sidewalk.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waveland_Avenue_2009.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Waveland_Avenue_2009.JPG/220px-Waveland_Avenue_2009.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Waveland_Avenue_2009.JPG/330px-Waveland_Avenue_2009.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Waveland_Avenue_2009.JPG/440px-Waveland_Avenue_2009.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Fans on Waveland Avenue during a 2009 game.</figcaption></figure> <p>Wrigley Field had a brief cameo in the 1980 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blues_Brothers_(film)" title="The Blues Brothers (film)">The Blues Brothers</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/John_Belushi" title="John Belushi">John Belushi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Aykroyd" title="Dan Aykroyd">Dan Aykroyd</a> as Jake and Elwood Blues. In the film, Elwood lists 1060 W. Addison as his fake home address on his Illinois driver's license, tricking the police and later the Illinois Nazis listening on police radio into heading for Wrigley Field. The 1984 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Natural" title="The Natural">The Natural</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a>, had a scene set at Wrigley but was actually filmed at <a href="/wiki/All-High_Stadium" title="All-High Stadium">All-High Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a>. All other baseball action scenes in that movie were shot in Buffalo, at the since-demolished <a href="/wiki/War_Memorial_Stadium_(Buffalo)" class="mw-redirect" title="War Memorial Stadium (Buffalo)">War Memorial Stadium</a>. </p><p>During Cubs games, fans will often stand outside the park on Waveland Avenue, waiting for home run balls hit over the wall and out of the park. However, as a tradition, Cubs fans inside and sometimes even outside the park will promptly throw any home run ball hit by an opposing player back onto the field of play, a ritual depicted in the 1977 stage play <i><a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Bums" title="Bleacher Bums">Bleacher Bums</a></i> and in the 1993 film <i><a href="/wiki/Rookie_of_the_Year_(film)" title="Rookie of the Year (film)">Rookie of the Year</a></i>. </p><p>The ballpark was featured in a scene in the 1986 film <i><a href="/wiki/Ferris_Bueller%27s_Day_Off" title="Ferris Bueller's Day Off">Ferris Bueller's Day Off</a></i>, where the outside marquee read "<i>Save Ferris</i>". The director, <a href="/wiki/John_Hughes_(filmmaker)" title="John Hughes (filmmaker)">John Hughes</a>, originally wanted to film at Comiskey Park (he was a White Sox fan) but the team was out of town during filming. The 2006 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Break-Up" title="The Break-Up">The Break-Up</a></i> used Wrigley Field as the setting for its opening scene. An <a href="/wiki/The_Babe" title="The Babe">early 1990s film about Babe Ruth</a> had the obligatory scene in Wrigley Field about the "called shot" (the ballpark also doubled as <a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium</a> for the film). A scoreboard similar to the one existing in <a href="/wiki/1932_World_Series" title="1932 World Series">1932</a> was used, atop an ivy wall (though that did not exist until later in the decade). </p><p>The ballpark was used for the establishing tryouts scene in <i><a href="/wiki/A_League_of_Their_Own" title="A League of Their Own">A League of Their Own</a></i> (1992). This film was a Hollywood account of the 1940s women's baseball league which Cubs owner P.K. Wrigley championed during World War II. <a href="/wiki/Garry_Marshall" title="Garry Marshall">Garry Marshall</a> (older brother of the film's director <a href="/wiki/Penny_Marshall" title="Penny Marshall">Penny Marshall</a>) has a cameo as "Walter Harvey", Wrigley's fictional alter ego. The sign behind the scoreboard was temporarily redone to read "Harvey Field", and filming was split between Wrigley and Cantigny Park near <a href="/wiki/Wheaton,_Illinois" title="Wheaton, Illinois">Wheaton, Illinois</a>. </p><p>Many television series have made featured scenes set in Wrigley Field, including <i><a href="/wiki/ER_(TV_series)" title="ER (TV series)">ER</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Crime_Story_(U.S._TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime Story (U.S. TV series)">Crime Story</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Hope" title="Chicago Hope">Chicago Hope</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Prison_Break" title="Prison Break">Prison Break</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Perfect_Strangers_(sitcom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perfect Strangers (sitcom)">Perfect Strangers</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/My_Boys" title="My Boys">My Boys</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Fire_(TV_series)" title="Chicago Fire (TV series)">Chicago Fire</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Mike_%26_Molly" title="Mike & Molly">Mike & Molly</a></i>. Also, the animated comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Family_Guy" title="Family Guy">Family Guy</a></i> featured a scene at Wrigley Field that parodied the <a href="/wiki/Steve_Bartman_incident" title="Steve Bartman incident">Steve Bartman incident</a>. In an episode of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a></i> titled "<a href="/wiki/He_Loves_to_Fly_and_He_D%27ohs" title="He Loves to Fly and He D'ohs">He Loves to Fly and He D'ohs</a>", upon arriving in Chicago, <a href="/wiki/Homer_Simpson" title="Homer Simpson">Homer</a> walks past a number of Chicago landmarks, including Wrigley Field, followed by a generic-looking stadium bearing the name "Wherever the White Sox play". In 2007, the band <a href="/wiki/Nine_Inch_Nails" title="Nine Inch Nails">Nine Inch Nails</a> created a promotional audio skit, which involved Wrigley Field being the target of disgruntled war veteran's <a href="/wiki/Terrorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist">terrorist</a> attack.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The late-1970s comedy stage play <i><a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Bums" title="Bleacher Bums">Bleacher Bums</a></i> was set in the right field bleachers at Wrigley. The video of the play was also set on a stage, with bleachers suggesting Wrigley's layout, rather than in the actual ballpark's bleachers. The tradition of throwing opposition home run balls back was explained by <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Franz" title="Dennis Franz">Dennis Franz</a>'s character: "If someone hands you some garbage, you have to throw it back at them!" </p><p>In the cartoon series <i><a href="/wiki/Biker_Mice_from_Mars" title="Biker Mice from Mars">Biker Mice from Mars</a></i>, the eponymous main characters hide out in the scoreboard of the stadium, which is named Quigley Field. </p><p>A dog park in the Wrightwood Neighbors section of <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park,_Chicago" title="Lincoln Park, Chicago">Lincoln Park</a> is named <a href="/wiki/Wiggly_Field" title="Wiggly Field">Wiggly Field</a> (1997). </p><p>The stadium was also featured on the popular <a href="/wiki/Travel_Channel" title="Travel Channel">Travel Channel</a> television show <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Hotels" title="Great Hotels">Great Hotels</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Samantha_Brown" title="Samantha Brown">Samantha Brown</a>. She attended a game during a visit to Chicago. </p><p>Chicago folk singer <a href="/wiki/Steve_Goodman" title="Steve Goodman">Steve Goodman</a> featured Wrigley Field as the setting for his popular Cubs lament "<a href="/wiki/A_Dying_Cub_Fan%27s_Last_Request" title="A Dying Cub Fan's Last Request">A Dying Cub Fan's Last Request</a>", extolling both the trials of the Cubs and the place Wrigley Field holds in Cub fans' hearts. After his death from leukemia, Goodman's ashes were scattered at Wrigley Field as described in the lyrics. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Statler_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Statler Brothers">Statler Brothers</a>' 1981 song "Don't Wait On Me" referred to a then-implausible situation: "When the lights go on at Wrigley Field". However, after <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Baseball">lights</a> were installed, the line was changed to "When they put a dome on Wrigley Field" for their 1989 <i>Live-Sold Out</i> album.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A few brief shots of Wrigley Field appear in the 1949 movie <i><a href="/wiki/It_Happens_Every_Spring" title="It Happens Every Spring">It Happens Every Spring</a></i>. It is also seen on the <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (U.S. TV channel)">History Channel</a>'s show <i><a href="/wiki/Life_After_People" title="Life After People">Life After People</a>.</i> </p><p>The stadium made a brief appearance in the open for the first episode of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tonight_Show_with_Conan_O%27Brien" title="The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien">The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien</a></i>, with Conan rushing through the turnstiles while running from New York (where his previous show, <i><a href="/wiki/Late_Night_with_Conan_O%27Brien" title="Late Night with Conan O'Brien">Late Night with Conan O'Brien</a></i>, was taped) to Los Angeles (where his new show was taped, until his role as host ended on January 22, 2010) and then running onto the field while being chased by Cubs security. The route O'Brien takes is somewhat misleading, as he is shown running south on <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Avenue_(Chicago)" title="Michigan Avenue (Chicago)">Michigan Avenue</a> past the <a href="/wiki/Tribune_Tower" title="Tribune Tower">Tribune Tower</a> before arriving at Wrigley Field, which is well north of the Tribune Tower. </p><p>In the movie <i><a href="/wiki/Category_6:_Day_of_Destruction" title="Category 6: Day of Destruction">Category 6: Day of Destruction</a></i>, a terrorist turns off all the electricity at the stadium for a few minutes to demonstrate how hackers could penetrate city electrical systems. </p><p>An overgrown Wrigley Field is shown in the new television series <i>Revolution</i> (2012). </p><p>In episode 9 of season 3 of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_in_the_High_Castle_(TV_series)" title="The Man in the High Castle (TV series)">The Man in the High Castle</a></i> (2015), Wrigley Field makes a short appearance as the home of a fictional soccer team called the <i>Chicago Norsemen</i> who, according to a banner, were "1963 Annual Soccer Champions". </p><p>Wrigley Field was the site of the final task of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Race_29" title="The Amazing Race 29">The Amazing Race 29</a></i> finale. One team member was guided by their partner in the press box via one way radio. They were told to place numbers on the hand-turned scoreboard corresponding to their team's final placement at the end of each of the previous eleven episodes, before searching the stadium's seats for their final clue.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the <a href="/wiki/Sonic_Youth" title="Sonic Youth">Sonic Youth</a> live album <i>Smart Bar Chicago 85</i> the band introduces the final song, 'Making The Nature Scene', as being about 'Tripping on Acid at Wrigley Field'. </p><p>In the 2020 film, <i><a href="/wiki/Greenland_(film)" title="Greenland (film)">Greenland</a></i>, Wrigley Field is shown still standing despite being severely damaged amidst the ruins of Chicago after the collision of an interstellar comet that collided with <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Willis" title="Wesley Willis">Wesley Willis</a>, an outsider musician and Chicago folk artist, had a track titled "Wrigley Field" on his album <i>Greatest Hits Vol. 3</i>, which he played with his band 'The Dragnews'. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:908px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A panoramic view of Wrigley Field from the upper deck prior to 2015 outfield bleacher expansion."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg/900px-Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg" decoding="async" width="900" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg/1350px-Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg/1800px-Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8651" data-file-height="2311" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrigley_Field_-_panorama_-_upper_deck_-_2009-07-29.jpg" title="File:Wrigley Field - panorama - upper deck - 2009-07-29.jpg"> </a></div>A panoramic view of Wrigley Field from the upper deck prior to 2015 outfield bleacher expansion.</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accessibility_and_transportation">Accessibility and transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Accessibility and transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_Farinas_Addison_CTA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gerald_Farinas_Addison_CTA.jpg/220px-Gerald_Farinas_Addison_CTA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gerald_Farinas_Addison_CTA.jpg/330px-Gerald_Farinas_Addison_CTA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gerald_Farinas_Addison_CTA.jpg/440px-Gerald_Farinas_Addison_CTA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Addison_station_(CTA_Red_Line)" title="Addison station (CTA Red Line)">Addison</a> at Wrigley Field is served by <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(CTA)" title="Red Line (CTA)">Red Line</a> trains. This view is now blocked by buildings constructed in 2007.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_%22L%22" title="Chicago "L"">Chicago "L"</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(CTA)" title="Red Line (CTA)">Red Line</a> stop at <a href="/wiki/Addison_station_(CTA_Red_Line)" title="Addison station (CTA Red Line)">Addison</a> is less than one block east of Wrigley Field; the stadium was originally built for proximity to the "L" tracks. As Addison is frequently crowded after games, many fans use <a href="/wiki/Sheridan_station_(CTA)" title="Sheridan station (CTA)">Sheridan</a>, the next station to the north, still less than a mile from the stadium. </p><p>Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Purple_Line_(CTA)" title="Purple Line (CTA)">Purple Line Express</a> trains stop at Sheridan before weekday night games in order to provide an additional connection for passengers traveling from <a href="/wiki/Evanston,_Illinois" title="Evanston, Illinois">Evanston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skokie,_Illinois" title="Skokie, Illinois">Skokie</a>, and northern Chicago. After weekday night games, northbound Purple Line passengers are told to board at Sheridan, while southbound passengers are told to board at Addison.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the conclusion of games, the scoreboard operator raises to the top of the center field scoreboard either a white flag with a blue "W" to signify a Cubs victory or a blue flag with a white "L" for a loss. This is done to show the outcome of the game to passengers on passing "L" trains, and also to anyone passing by the park. The basic flag color was once the exact opposite of the colors used today (the rationale being that white is the traditional color for <a href="/wiki/Surrender_(military)" title="Surrender (military)">surrender</a>). In addition to rail service, the CTA provides two bus routes that serve Wrigley Field. <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Transit_Authority_bus_routes" title="List of Chicago Transit Authority bus routes">CTA bus routes</a>, 22 Clark and 152, Addison provide access to the ballpark. Biking to the field is also a popular alternative. As Halsted, Addison, and Clark streets all have designated biking lanes, getting to the field via bicycle is a widely used way to avoid hectic pre- and postgame traffic. Wrigley Field offers a complimentary bike check program to accommodate them; cyclists may check their bikes as much as 2 hours before games and 1 hour after games at racks off of Waveland Ave.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parking in the area remains scarce, but that does not seem to bother fans who want to come to this baseball mecca, which drew over three million fans from 2004 until 2011, averaging a near-sellout every day of the season, even with many weekday afternoon games. The little parking that is available can go for as much as $100 per space. To partially alleviate this problem, the Cubs sponsor a parking shuttle service from the nearby DeVry University campus at Belmont and Western as part of their agreement with local neighborhood groups. This was not available during the World Series against the Detroit Tigers in 1945; cars parked as much as a mile away on residential streets and fans walked to Wrigley Field.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commemorative_stamps">Commemorative stamps</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Commemorative stamps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2001, a series of commemorative postage stamps on the subject of baseball parks was issued by the U.S. Postal Service. Most of them were engravings taken from old colorized postcards, including the illustration of Wrigley Field. In the case of Wrigley, the scoreboard was cut off to hide the original postcard's banner containing the park's name.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The stamp and its sources also show the center field bleachers filled with spectators, a practice that was later discontinued due to the risk to batters, who might lose the flight of a pitch amidst the white shirts. This led to the development of <a href="/wiki/Batter%27s_eye" title="Batter's eye">darker backgrounds</a> to the pitcher's mounds. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/28px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/42px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/56px-Baseball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="520" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Baseball portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/American_football.svg/28px-American_football.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/American_football.svg/42px-American_football.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/American_football.svg/56px-American_football.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:American_football" title="Portal:American football">American football portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Chicago%2C_Illinois.svg/32px-Flag_of_Chicago%2C_Illinois.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Chicago%2C_Illinois.svg/48px-Flag_of_Chicago%2C_Illinois.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Chicago%2C_Illinois.svg/64px-Flag_of_Chicago%2C_Illinois.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Chicago" title="Portal:Chicago">Chicago portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wrigley_Field" title="History of Wrigley Field">History of Wrigley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_events_at_Wrigley_Field" title="List of events at Wrigley Field">List of events at Wrigley Field</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eligibility was granted in 1987<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NPS-2020-12-04_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS-2020-12-04-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wrigley is now the only professional ballpark with an ivy-covered outfield wall. Several now-demolished ballparks featured ivy in the playing area, including <a href="/wiki/Forbes_Field" title="Forbes Field">Forbes Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_(Los_Angeles)" title="Wrigley Field (Los Angeles)">Wrigley Field's namesake</a> in Los Angeles, and <a href="/wiki/Bush_Stadium" title="Bush Stadium">Bush Stadium</a> (formerly Perry Stadium) in Indianapolis.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rosenblatt_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosenblatt Stadium">Rosenblatt Stadium</a>, the former home of the <a href="/wiki/College_World_Series" title="College World Series">College World Series</a> as well as minor league baseball, had an ivy-covered brick wall that was replaced with a padded wall. Some ballparks feature ivy on out-of-play walls, especially as a covering for the <a href="/wiki/Batter%27s_eye" title="Batter's eye">batter's eye</a> behind the center field fence.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ever since 1989, a home run hit by Nicholson in 1948—later identified as the one hit on April 24 off the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">Cardinal's</a> <a href="/wiki/Al_Brazle" title="Al Brazle">Al Brazle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—has been paired with Clemente's 1959 near miss.<sup id="cite_ref-ES:TotT_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ES:TotT-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a study by Chicago historian Sam Pathy, documenting the longest home runs ever hit at Wrigley Field and drawing on a multitude of contemporaneous news stories, uncovered no evidence of this alleged proximity.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chicago-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chicago_110-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chicago_110-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The score data is representative of the two shows at Wrigley Field on 16 July and 21 July respectively.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-capacity-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-capacity_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-capacity_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-capacity_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://baseballinstadiums.com/national-league/wrigley-field">"Wrigley Field"</a>. baseballinstadiums.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wrigley+Field&rft.pub=baseballinstadiums.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbaseballinstadiums.com%2Fnational-league%2Fwrigley-field&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrigley+Field" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/CHN/CHN194808312.shtml">"Brooklyn Dodgers at Chicago Cubs Box Score, August 31, 1948"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Brooklyn+Dodgers+at+Chicago+Cubs+Box+Score%2C+August+31%2C+1948&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fboxes%2FCHN%2FCHN194808312.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrigley+Field" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wrig-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wrig_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/cubs/ballpark/information/history">"Wrigley Field History"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Wrigley+Field+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fcubs%2Fballpark%2Finformation%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrigley+Field" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1634–1699: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=A+Chicago+First+%E2%80%93+Statlers+Revise+a+Hit+Tune+to+Reflect+Wrigley+Field+Reality&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1989-08-31&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1989%2F08%2F31%2Fa-chicago-first-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrigley+Field" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRay2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Ray, Lincee (June 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191227014031/https://ew.com/recap/the-amazing-race-season-29-finale/">"The Amazing Race finale recap: 'We're Going to Victory Lane'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=The+Amazing+Race+finale+recap%3A+%27We%27re+Going+to+Victory+Lane%27&rft.date=2017-06-01&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Lincee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Frecap%2Fthe-amazing-race-season-29-finale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrigley+Field" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/cubs/ballpark/transportation/public-transportation">"CTA Service to Wrigley Field"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a>. 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CTA+Service+to+Wrigley+Field&rft.pub=Chicago+Cubs&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fcubs%2Fballpark%2Ftransportation%2Fpublic-transportation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrigley+Field" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120325033522/http://chicago.cubs.mlb.com/chc/ballpark/bike_program.jsp">"Bike Program"</a>. Major League Baseball. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chicago.cubs.mlb.com/chc/ballpark/bike_program.jsp">the original</a> on March 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bike+Program&rft.pub=Major+League+Baseball&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchicago.cubs.mlb.com%2Fchc%2Fballpark%2Fbike_program.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrigley+Field" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>A Day at the Park</i>, by William Hartel</li> <li><i>Ballparks of North America</i>, by Michael Benson</li> <li><i>Cubs Journal</i>, by John Snyder</li> <li><i>Green Cathedrals</i>, by Philip J. Lowry</li> <li><i>Wrigleyville: A Magical History Tour of the Chicago Cubs</i>, by Peter Golenbock</li> <li><i>Wrigley Field: The Long Life and Contentious Times of the Friendly Confines</i>, by Stuart Shea</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mensfitness.com/sports_and_recreation/61">Top 10 Ballparks of 2008</a> by Devin Pratt</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrigley_Field&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wrigley_Field" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Wrigley Field">Wrigley Field</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/cubs/ballpark">Stadium site on MLB.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wrigleyfield.com/">Restore Wrigley Field</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/wrigle.htm">Wrigley Field facts, figures, photos and more</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wrigleyfieldnews.com/">Wrigley Field News</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121026012836/http://www.wrigleyfieldnews.com/">Archived</a> October 26, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zacharytaylordavis.com/">Zachary Taylor Davis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chicago.cubs.mlb.com/chc/restore-wrigley/">1060 Project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141020150121/http://chicago.cubs.mlb.com/chc/restore-wrigley/">Archived</a> October 20, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/resource/g4104cm.g01790189409/?sp=117">Sanborn map showing future site of the ballpark, 1894</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="margin: 0 auto 0 auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #EAF1FB;">Events and tenants </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Park_II" class="mw-redirect" title="West Side Park II">West Side Park (II)</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Home of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a> </b><br />1916–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Current</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">first stadium</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Home of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Chi-Feds/Whales" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Chi-Feds/Whales">Chicago Chi-Feds/Whales</a> </b><br />1914–1915 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">last stadium</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Staley_Field" title="Staley Field">Staley Field</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Home of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a> </b><br />1921–1970 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">first stadium</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Home of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tigers" title="Chicago Tigers">Chicago Tigers</a> </b><br />1920 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">last stadium</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Home of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cardinals_(NFL,_1920%E2%80%9359)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Cardinals (NFL, 1920–59)">Chicago Cardinals</a> </b><br />1931-1939 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Field" title="Forbes Field">Forbes Field</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Stadium" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium">RFK Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anaheim_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaheim Stadium">Anaheim Stadium</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Host of the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game" title="Major League Baseball All-Star Game">All-Star Game</a> </b><br />1946<br />1962 (2nd Game)<br /><a href="/wiki/1990_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game" title="1990 Major League Baseball All-Star Game">1990</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sportsman%27s_Park" title="Sportsman's Park">Sportsman's Park</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Stadium" title="Cleveland Stadium">Cleveland Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/SkyDome" class="mw-redirect" title="SkyDome">SkyDome</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Wilson_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Wilson Stadium">Ralph Wilson Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_Park" title="T-Mobile Park">T-Mobile Park</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Host of the <a href="/wiki/NHL_Winter_Classic" title="NHL Winter Classic">NHL Winter Classic</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2009_NHL_Winter_Classic" title="2009 NHL Winter Classic">2009</a><br /><a href="/wiki/2025_NHL_Winter_Classic" title="2025 NHL Winter Classic">2025</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a><br />TBD</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Cubs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Cubs" title="Template:Chicago Cubs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Cubs" title="Template talk:Chicago Cubs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Cubs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Cubs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Cubs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Chicago Cubs</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;"><div> <ul><li>Established in <b><a href="/wiki/1874_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1874 Major League Baseball season"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">1874</span></a></b></li> <li>Formerly the <b>Chicago White Stockings</b>, <b>Chicago Colts</b> and the <b>Chicago Orphans</b></li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Chicago, Illinois</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Franchise</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chicago_Cubs" title="History of the Chicago Cubs">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_seasons" title="List of Chicago Cubs seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs_award_winners_and_league_leaders" title="Chicago Cubs award winners and league leaders">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_team_records" title="List of Chicago Cubs team records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_no-hitters" title="List of Chicago Cubs no-hitters">No-hitters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs_all-time_roster" title="Chicago Cubs all-time roster">Players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_managers" title="List of Chicago Cubs managers">Managers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_owners_and_executives" title="List of Chicago Cubs owners and executives">Owners and executives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_broadcasters" title="List of Chicago Cubs broadcasters">Broadcasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_Opening_Day_starting_pitchers" title="List of Chicago Cubs Opening Day starting pitchers">Opening Day starting pitchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_first-round_draft_picks" title="List of Chicago Cubs first-round draft picks">First-round draft picks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">Ballparks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_Grounds" title="23rd Street Grounds">23rd Street Grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Base-Ball_Grounds" title="Union Base-Ball Grounds">Lakefront Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Park" title="West Side Park">West Side Park I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Side_Park" title="South Side Park">South Side Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Park" title="West Side Park">West Side Park II</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrigley Field</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wrigley_Field" title="History of Wrigley Field">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_events_at_Wrigley_Field" title="List of events at Wrigley Field">List of events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_renovations" title="Wrigley Field renovations">Renovations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Rooftops" title="Wrigley Rooftops">Wrigley Rooftops</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball%27s_Sad_Lexicon" title="Baseball's Sad Lexicon">Tinker to Evers to Chance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Bums" title="Bleacher Bums">Bleacher Bums</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dugout" title="The Dugout">The Dugout</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Messmer" title="Wayne Messmer">Wayne Messmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Woo_Woo" title="Ronnie Woo Woo">Ronnie Woo Woo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Pritikin" title="Jerry Pritikin">Jerry Pritikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yosh_Kawano" title="Yosh Kawano">Yosh Kawano</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Life%27s_Greatest_Game" title="Life's Greatest Game">Life's Greatest Game</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alibi_Ike" title="Alibi Ike">Alibi Ike</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Royko" title="Mike Royko">Mike Royko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_cow_(expression)" title="Holy cow (expression)">Holy Cow!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_DePorter" title="Grant DePorter">Grant DePorter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Company" title="Wrigley Company">Wrigley Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_ivy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrigley Field ivy">Wrigley Field ivy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Frigo" title="Johnny Frigo">Hey Hey Holy Mackerel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Holden_(schoolteacher)" title="Bill Holden (schoolteacher)">Bill Holden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heckler_(newspaper)" title="The Heckler (newspaper)"><i>The Heckler</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Curse:_Cubs_Win!_Cubs_Win!_Or_Do_They%3F" title="The Curse: Cubs Win! Cubs Win! Or Do They?">The Curse: Cubs Win! Cubs Win! Or Do They?</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/We_Believe:_Chicago_and_Its_Cubs" title="We Believe: Chicago and Its Cubs">We Believe: Chicago and Its Cubs</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arne_Harris" title="Arne Harris">Arne Harris</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Go,_Cubs,_Go" title="Go, Cubs, Go">Go, Cubs, Go</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sweet_Home_Chicago" title="Sweet Home Chicago">Sweet Home Chicago</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/All_the_Way_(Eddie_Vedder_song)" title="All the Way (Eddie Vedder song)">All the Way</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Jump_(Van_Halen_song)" title="Jump (Van Halen song)">Jump</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubs_Win_Flag" title="Cubs Win Flag">Cubs Win Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eamus_Catuli" title="Eamus Catuli">Eamus Catuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addison_station_(CTA_Red_Line)" title="Addison station (CTA Red Line)">Addison Red Line Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_station_(CTA)" title="Sheridan station (CTA)">Sheridan Red Line Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_Street_(Chicago)" title="Clark Street (Chicago)">Clark Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addison_Street" title="Addison Street">Addison Street</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Winning_Team" title="The Winning Team">The Winning Team</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elmer,_the_Great" title="Elmer, the Great">Elmer, the Great</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ferris_Bueller%27s_Day_Off" title="Ferris Bueller's Day Off">Ferris Bueller's Day Off</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rookie_of_the_Year_(film)" title="Rookie of the Year (film)">Rookie of the Year</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/This_Old_Cub" title="This Old Cub">This Old Cub</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Natural_(film)" title="The Natural (film)">The Natural</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taking_Care_of_Business_(film)" title="Taking Care of Business (film)"><i>Taking Care of Business</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_League_of_Their_Own" title="A League of Their Own">A League of Their Own</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cubs_Fan%27s_Guide_To_Happiness" title="The Cubs Fan's Guide To Happiness">The Cubs Fan's Guide To Happiness</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Pieper" title="Pat Pieper">Pat Pieper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cubby_Bear" title="The Cubby Bear">The Cubby Bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Caray%27s_Italian_Steakhouse" title="Harry Caray's Italian Steakhouse">Harry Caray's Italian Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_National_Cemetery_(Chicago,_Illinois)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohemian National Cemetery (Chicago, Illinois)">Bohemian National Cemetery Columbarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_(mascot)" title="Clark (mascot)">Clark</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Back_to_the_Future_Part_II" title="Back to the Future Part II">Back to the Future Part II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curse_of_the_Billy_Goat" title="Curse of the Billy Goat">Curse of the Billy Goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex-Cubs_Factor" title="Ex-Cubs Factor">Ex-Cubs Factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth%27s_called_shot" title="Babe Ruth's called shot">Babe Ruth's called shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Bartman_incident" title="Steve Bartman incident">Steve Bartman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_in_the_Gloamin%27" title="Homer in the Gloamin'">Homer in the Gloamin'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Major_League_Baseball_home_run_record_chase" title="1998 Major League Baseball home run record chase">1998 home run chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brock_for_Broglio" title="Brock for Broglio">Brock for Broglio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkle%27s_Boner" title="Merkle's Boner">Merkle's Boner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Coaches" title="College of Coaches">College of Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Hubbs" title="Ken Hubbs">Ken Hubbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Jurges" title="Billy Jurges">Billy Jurges incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandberg_Game" title="Sandberg Game">June 23, 1984 game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_National_League_Wild_Card_tie-breaker_game" title="1998 National League Wild Card tie-breaker game">1998 NL Wild Card tie-breaker game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_National_League_Wild_Card_Game" title="2015 National League Wild Card Game">2015 NL Wild Card Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_National_League_Division_Series" title="2015 National League Division Series">2015 NL Division Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_National_League_Championship_Series" title="2016 National League Championship Series">2016 NL Championship Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_World_Series" title="2016 World Series">2016 World Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_National_League_Central_tie-breaker_game" title="2018 National League Central tie-breaker game">2018 NL Central tie-breaker game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_MLB_Little_League_Classic" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 MLB Little League Classic">2019 MLB Little League Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_at_Field_of_Dreams" title="MLB at Field of Dreams">MLB at Field of Dreams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_London_Series" title="MLB London Series">2023 MLB London Series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubs%E2%80%93White_Sox_rivalry" title="Cubs–White Sox rivalry">Chicago White Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewers%E2%80%93Cubs_rivalry" title="Brewers–Cubs rivalry">Milwaukee Brewers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinals%E2%80%93Cubs_rivalry" title="Cardinals–Cubs rivalry">St. Louis Cardinals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">Key personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Owner: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Ricketts" title="Joe Ricketts">Joe Ricketts</a> family</li> <li>Chairman: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Ricketts" title="Thomas S. Ricketts">Tom Ricketts</a></li> <li>President of Baseball Operations: <a href="/wiki/Jed_Hoyer" title="Jed Hoyer">Jed Hoyer</a></li> <li>General Manager: <a href="/wiki/Carter_Hawkins" title="Carter Hawkins">Carter Hawkins</a></li> <li>Manager: <a href="/wiki/Craig_Counsell" title="Craig Counsell">Craig Counsell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">World Series<br /> championships (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1907_World_Series" title="1907 World Series">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_World_Series" title="1908 World Series">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_World_Series" title="2016 World Series">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">National League<br /> championships (17)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1876_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1876 Chicago White Stockings season">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1880 Chicago White Stockings season">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1881 Chicago White Stockings season">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1882_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1882 Chicago White Stockings season">1882</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1885_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1885 Chicago White Stockings season">1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1886 Chicago White Stockings season">1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_World_Series" title="1906 World Series">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_World_Series" title="1907 World Series">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_World_Series" title="1908 World Series">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1910_World_Series" title="1910 World Series">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_World_Series" title="1918 World Series">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_World_Series" title="1929 World Series">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_World_Series" title="1932 World Series">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_World_Series" title="1935 World Series">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_World_Series" title="1938 World Series">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_World_Series" title="1945 World Series">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_National_League_Championship_Series" title="2016 National League Championship Series">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">Division<br />championships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;">East (2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1984 National League Championship Series">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1989 National League Championship Series">1989</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;">Central (6)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2003_National_League_Division_Series" title="2003 National League Division Series">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_National_League_Division_Series" title="2007 National League Division Series">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_National_League_Division_Series" title="2008 National League Division Series">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_National_League_Division_Series" title="2016 National League Division Series">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_National_League_Division_Series" title="2017 National League Division Series">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_National_League_Division_Series" title="2020 National League Division Series">2020</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;">Wild Card (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1998_National_League_Division_Series" title="1998 National League Division Series">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_National_League_Division_Series" title="2015 National League Division Series">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_National_League_Wild_Card_Game" title="2018 National League Wild Card Game">2018</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_minor_league_affiliates" title="List of Chicago Cubs minor league affiliates"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Minor league<br /> affiliates</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Cubs" title="Iowa Cubs">Iowa Cubs</a> (Triple-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knoxville_Smokies" title="Knoxville Smokies">Knoxville Smokies</a> (Double-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bend_Cubs" title="South Bend Cubs">South Bend Cubs</a> (High-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrtle_Beach_Pelicans" title="Myrtle Beach Pelicans">Myrtle Beach Pelicans</a> (Single-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League_Cubs" title="Arizona Complex League Cubs">ACL Cubs</a> (Rookie)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_Cubs" title="Dominican Summer League Cubs">DSL Cubs Blue</a> (Rookie)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_Cubs" title="Dominican Summer League Cubs">DSL Cubs Red</a> (Rookie)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:10em">Broadcasting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marquee_Sports_Network" title="Marquee Sports Network">Marquee Sports Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs_Radio_Network" title="Chicago Cubs Radio Network">Radio network</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">WSCR</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_broadcasters" title="List of Chicago Cubs broadcasters"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Broadcasters</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Sciambi" title="Jon Sciambi">Jon Sciambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Deshaies" title="Jim Deshaies">Jim Deshaies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Girardi" title="Joe Girardi">Joe Girardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Mowins" title="Beth Mowins">Beth Mowins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Hughes_(sportscaster)" title="Pat Hughes (sportscaster)">Pat Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Coomer" title="Ron Coomer">Ron Coomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Zaidman" title="Zach Zaidman">Zach Zaidman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;background-color: #0E3386 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CC3433, inset -2px -2px 0 #CC3433; !important;;"><div id="Seasons_(151)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Seasons (151)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1870s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">1870 · </span> <a href="/wiki/1871_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1871 Chicago White Stockings season">1871</a></li> <li><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">1872 · 1873 · </span> <a href="/wiki/1874_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1874 Chicago White Stockings season">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1875 Chicago White Stockings season">1875</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1876_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1876 Chicago White Stockings season">1876</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1877_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1877 Chicago White Stockings season">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1878 Chicago White Stockings season">1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1879_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1879 Chicago White Stockings season">1879</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1880s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1880_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1880 Chicago White Stockings season">1880</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1881_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1881 Chicago White Stockings season">1881</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1882_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1882 Chicago White Stockings season">1882</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1883 Chicago White Stockings season">1883</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1884 Chicago White Stockings season">1884</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1885_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1885 Chicago White Stockings season">1885</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1886_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1886 Chicago White Stockings season">1886</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1887 Chicago White Stockings season">1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1888 Chicago White Stockings season">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1889_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1889 Chicago White Stockings season">1889</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1890_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1890 Chicago Colts season">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1891 Chicago Colts season">1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1892 Chicago Colts season">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1893 Chicago Colts season">1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1894 Chicago Colts season">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1895_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1895 Chicago Colts season">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1896 Chicago Colts season">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1897_Chicago_Colts_season" title="1897 Chicago Colts season">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Chicago_Orphans_season" title="1898 Chicago Orphans season">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_Chicago_Orphans_season" title="1899 Chicago Orphans season">1899</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1900_Chicago_Orphans_season" title="1900 Chicago Orphans season">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1901_Chicago_Orphans_season" title="1901 Chicago Orphans season">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Chicago_Orphans_season" title="1902 Chicago Orphans season">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1903 Chicago Cubs season">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1904 Chicago Cubs season">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1905 Chicago Cubs season">1905</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1906_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1906 Chicago Cubs season">1906</a></b></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/1907_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1907 Chicago Cubs season">1907</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/1908_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1908 Chicago Cubs season">1908</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1909 Chicago Cubs season">1909</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1910_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1910 Chicago Cubs season">1910</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1911 Chicago Cubs season">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1912 Chicago Cubs season">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1913 Chicago Cubs season">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1914 Chicago Cubs season">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1915 Chicago Cubs season">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1916 Chicago Cubs season">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1917 Chicago Cubs season">1917</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1918_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1918 Chicago Cubs season">1918</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1919 Chicago Cubs season">1919</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1920 Chicago Cubs season">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1921 Chicago Cubs season">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1922 Chicago Cubs season">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1923 Chicago Cubs season">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1924 Chicago Cubs season">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1925 Chicago Cubs season">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1926 Chicago Cubs season">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1927 Chicago Cubs season">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1928 Chicago Cubs season">1928</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1929_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1929 Chicago Cubs season">1929</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1930_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1930 Chicago Cubs season">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1931 Chicago Cubs season">1931</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1932_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1932 Chicago Cubs season">1932</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1933 Chicago Cubs season">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1934 Chicago Cubs season">1934</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1935_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1935 Chicago Cubs season">1935</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1936 Chicago Cubs season">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1937 Chicago Cubs season">1937</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1938_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1938 Chicago Cubs season">1938</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1939 Chicago Cubs season">1939</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1940 Chicago Cubs season">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1941 Chicago Cubs season">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1942 Chicago Cubs season">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1943 Chicago Cubs season">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1944 Chicago Cubs season">1944</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1945_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1945 Chicago Cubs season">1945</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1946 Chicago Cubs season">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1947 Chicago Cubs season">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1948 Chicago Cubs season">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1949 Chicago Cubs season">1949</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1950_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1950 Chicago Cubs season">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1951 Chicago Cubs season">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1952 Chicago Cubs season">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1953 Chicago Cubs season">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1954 Chicago Cubs season">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1955 Chicago Cubs season">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1956 Chicago Cubs season">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1957 Chicago Cubs season">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1958 Chicago Cubs season">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1959 Chicago Cubs season">1959</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1960 Chicago Cubs season">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1961 Chicago Cubs season">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1962 Chicago Cubs season">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1963 Chicago Cubs season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1964 Chicago Cubs season">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1965 Chicago Cubs season">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1966 Chicago Cubs season">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1967 Chicago Cubs season">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1968 Chicago Cubs season">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1969 Chicago Cubs season">1969</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1970 Chicago Cubs season">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1971 Chicago Cubs season">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1972 Chicago Cubs season">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1973 Chicago Cubs season">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1974 Chicago Cubs season">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1975 Chicago Cubs season">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1976 Chicago Cubs season">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1977 Chicago Cubs season">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1978 Chicago Cubs season">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1979 Chicago Cubs season">1979</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1980 Chicago Cubs season">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1981 Chicago Cubs season">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1982 Chicago Cubs season">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1983 Chicago Cubs season">1983</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1984_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1984 Chicago Cubs season">1984</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1985 Chicago Cubs season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1986 Chicago Cubs season">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1987 Chicago Cubs season">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1988 Chicago Cubs season">1988</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1989_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1989 Chicago Cubs season">1989</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1990 Chicago Cubs season">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1991 Chicago Cubs season">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1992 Chicago Cubs season">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1993 Chicago Cubs season">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1994 Chicago Cubs season">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1995 Chicago Cubs season">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1996 Chicago Cubs season">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1997 Chicago Cubs season">1997</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1998_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1998 Chicago Cubs season">1998</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="1999 Chicago Cubs season">1999</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2000 Chicago Cubs season">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2001 Chicago Cubs season">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2002 Chicago Cubs season">2002</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2003_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2003 Chicago Cubs season">2003</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2004 Chicago Cubs season">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2005 Chicago Cubs season">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2006 Chicago Cubs season">2006</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2007_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2007 Chicago Cubs season">2007</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2008_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2008 Chicago Cubs season">2008</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2009 Chicago Cubs season">2009</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2010 Chicago Cubs season">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2011 Chicago Cubs season">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2012 Chicago Cubs season">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2013 Chicago Cubs season">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2014 Chicago Cubs season">2014</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2015_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2015 Chicago Cubs season">2015</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/2016_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2016 Chicago Cubs season">2016</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2017_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2017 Chicago Cubs season">2017</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2018_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2018 Chicago Cubs season">2018</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2019 Chicago Cubs season">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC3433 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #0E3386, inset -2px -2px 0 #0E3386; !important;;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/2020_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2020 Chicago Cubs season">2020</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2021 Chicago Cubs season">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2022 Chicago Cubs season">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2023 Chicago Cubs season">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2024 Chicago Cubs season">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2025 Chicago Cubs season">2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Tigers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:black; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #DD4814, inset -2px -2px 0 #DD4814;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Tigers" title="Template:Chicago Tigers"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Tigers" title="Template talk:Chicago Tigers"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Tigers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Tigers"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Tigers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tigers" title="Chicago Tigers"><span style="color:white;">Chicago Tigers</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#DD4814; color:black;"><div> <ul><li><b>Defunct <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League"><span style="color:black;">National Football League</span></a> club 1920</b></li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span style="color:black;">Chicago</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DD4814; color:black;">The Franchise</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Tigers_players" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chicago Tigers players">Players</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DD4814; color:black;">Head Coach-Owner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guil_Falcon" title="Guil Falcon">Guil Falcon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DD4814; color:black;">Rivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cardinals_(NFL,_1920%E2%80%9359)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Cardinals (NFL, 1920–59)">Chicago Cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatur_Staleys" class="mw-redirect" title="Decatur Staleys">Decatur Staleys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DD4814; color:black;">NFL seasons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Chicago_Tigers_season" title="1920 Chicago Tigers season">1920</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DD4814; color:black;">Stadia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cub's Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DD4814; color:black;">League affiliations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (1920)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DD4814; color:black;">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tigers#Winner-take-all_legend" title="Chicago Tigers">Winner-take-all legend</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Bears" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;background-color: #0B162A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E64100, inset -2px -2px 0 #E64100;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Bears" title="Template:Chicago Bears"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Bears" title="Template talk:Chicago Bears"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Bears" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Bears"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Bears" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears"><span style="color: #FFFFFF">Chicago Bears</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;"><div> <ul><li>Founded in 1919</li> <li>Formerly the <b>Decatur Staleys</b> (1919–1920) and the <b>Chicago Staleys</b> (1921)</li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span style="color: #000000">Chicago, Illinois</span></a></b></li> <li>Headquartered in <b><a href="/wiki/Lake_Forest,_Illinois" title="Lake Forest, Illinois"><span style="color: #000000">Lake Forest, Illinois</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears"><span style="color: #000000">Franchise</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chicago_Bears" title="History of the Chicago Bears">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_head_coaches" title="List of Chicago Bears head coaches">Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_seasons" title="List of Chicago Bears seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2024 Chicago Bears season">Current season</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_team_records" title="List of Chicago Bears team records"><span style="color: #000000">Records</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_team_records" title="List of Chicago Bears team records">Franchise records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_award_winners" title="List of Chicago Bears award winners">Team awards and honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_all-time_roster" title="Chicago Bears all-time roster">All-time roster</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_all-time_roster_(A%E2%80%93Kla)" title="Chicago Bears all-time roster (A–Kla)">A–Kla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_all-time_roster_(Kle%E2%80%93Z)" title="Chicago Bears all-time roster (Kle–Z)">Kle–Z</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_head_coaches" title="List of Chicago Bears head coaches">Head coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_in_the_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="List of Chicago Bears in the Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Famers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_first-round_draft_picks" title="List of Chicago Bears first-round draft picks">First-round draft picks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_starting_quarterbacks" title="List of Chicago Bears starting quarterbacks">Starting quarterbacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Stadiums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Staley_Field" title="Staley Field">Staley Field</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrigley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Stadium_(University_of_Illinois)" title="Memorial Stadium (University of Illinois)">Memorial Stadium</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_Stadium" title="Chicago Bears Stadium">Chicago Bears Stadium</a> (proposed)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Brian's Song</i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian%27s_Song" title="Brian's Song">1971</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian%27s_Song_(2001_film)" title="Brian's Song (2001 film)">2001</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Piccolo_Award" title="Brian Piccolo Award">Brian Piccolo Award</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bear_Down,_Chicago_Bears" title="Bear Down, Chicago Bears">Bear Down, Chicago Bears</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Super_Bowl_Shuffle" title="The Super Bowl Shuffle">The Super Bowl Shuffle</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsters_of_the_Midway" title="Monsters of the Midway">Monsters of the Midway</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sweet_Home_Chicago" title="Sweet Home Chicago">Sweet Home Chicago</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Swerski%27s_Superfans" title="Bill Swerski's Superfans">Bill Swerski's Superfans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Swirsky" title="Chuck Swirsky">Chuck Swirsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Honey_Bears" title="Chicago Honey Bears">Chicago Honey Bears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staley_Da_Bear" title="Staley Da Bear">Staley Da Bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos_and_uniforms_of_the_Chicago_Bears" title="Logos and uniforms of the Chicago Bears">Logos and uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halas_Hall" title="Halas Hall">Halas Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._E._Staley" title="A. E. Staley">A. E. Staley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brickhouse" title="Jack Brickhouse">Jack Brickhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ditka" title="Mike Ditka">Mike Ditka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_station_(CTA)" title="Roosevelt station (CTA)">Roosevelt/Wabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85386_Payton" class="mw-redirect" title="85386 Payton">85386 Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Cornelison" title="Jim Cornelison">Jim Cornelison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2018 Chicago Bears season">Club Dub</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Swag_Surfin" title="Swag Surfin">Swag Surfin</a>")</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_NFL_championship_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="1921 NFL championship controversy">Staley Swindle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_NFL_Playoff_Game" title="1932 NFL Playoff Game">1932 Playoff Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1933 NFL Championship Game">First NFL Championship Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1934 NFL Championship Game">Sneakers Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_formation" title="T formation">T formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1940 NFL Championship Game">73–0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1985 Chicago Bears season">1985 season</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XX" title="Super Bowl XX">Super Bowl XX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46_defense" title="46 defense">46 defense</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_Replay_Game" title="Instant Replay Game">Asterisk Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fog_Bowl_(American_football)" title="Fog Bowl (American football)">Fog Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_Bears%E2%80%93Arizona_Cardinals_game" title="2006 Chicago Bears–Arizona Cardinals game">"They are who we thought they were!"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Doink" title="Double Doink">Double Doink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhouse_in_Maryland" title="Madhouse in Maryland">Madhouse in Maryland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Cardinals_rivalry" title="Bears–Cardinals rivalry">Arizona Cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Lions_rivalry" title="Bears–Lions rivalry">Detroit Lions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Packers_rivalry" title="Bears–Packers rivalry">Green Bay Packers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Vikings_rivalry" title="Bears–Vikings rivalry">Minnesota Vikings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Giants_rivalry" title="Bears–Giants rivalry">New York Giants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Minor league affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Tornadoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Newark Tornadoes">Newark Bears</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Association_(American_football)" title="American Association (American football)">AA</a>, 1939–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Aero_Commandos" title="Wichita Aero Commandos">Wichita Aero Commandos</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas#Akron_Bears" title="George Halas">Akron Bears</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football League (1946)">AFL</a>, 1946)</li> <li>Bloomfield Cardinals (<a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football League (1946)">AFL</a>, 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Rebels_(Dixie_League)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond Rebels (Dixie League)">Richmond Rebels</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football League (1946)">AFL</a>, 1948–1950)</li> <li>Quad City Mohawks (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Midwest_Professional_Football_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Midwest Professional Football League (page does not exist)">MWPFL</a>, 1970–1972)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Retired numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bronko_Nagurski" title="Bronko Nagurski">3</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_McAfee" title="George McAfee">5</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">7</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Willie_Galimore" title="Willie Galimore">28</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Payton" title="Walter Payton">34</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gale_Sayers" title="Gale Sayers">40</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian_Piccolo" title="Brian Piccolo">41</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sid_Luckman" title="Sid Luckman">42</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dick_Butkus" title="Dick Butkus">51</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewitt_(American_football)" title="Bill Hewitt (American football)">56</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bill_George_(linebacker)" title="Bill George (linebacker)">61</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulldog_Turner" title="Bulldog Turner">66</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Grange" title="Red Grange">77</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ditka" title="Mike Ditka">89</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Key personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Principal owner: <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Halas_McCaskey" title="Virginia Halas McCaskey">Virginia Halas McCaskey</a></li> <li>Chairman: <a href="/wiki/George_McCaskey" title="George McCaskey">George McCaskey</a></li> <li>President/CEO: <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Warren" title="Kevin Warren">Kevin Warren</a></li> <li>General manager: <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Poles" title="Ryan Poles">Ryan Poles</a></li> <li>Head coach: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brown_(American_football_coach)" title="Thomas Brown (American football coach)">Thomas Brown</a> (interim)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Division championships (21)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1933_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1933 Chicago Bears season">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1934 Chicago Bears season">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1937 Chicago Bears season">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1940 Chicago Bears season">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1941 Chicago Bears season">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1942 Chicago Bears season">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1943 Chicago Bears season">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1946 Chicago Bears season">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1956 Chicago Bears season">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1963 Chicago Bears season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1984 Chicago Bears season">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1985 Chicago Bears season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1986 Chicago Bears season">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1987 Chicago Bears season">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1988 Chicago Bears season">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1990 Chicago Bears season">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2001 Chicago Bears season">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2005 Chicago Bears season">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2006 Chicago Bears season">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2010 Chicago Bears season">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2018 Chicago Bears season">2018</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Conference championships (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_NFL_season" title="1956 NFL season">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_NFL_season" title="1963 NFL season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_NFL_season" title="1985 NFL season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_NFL_season" title="2006 NFL season">2006</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">League championships (9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_NFL_championship_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="1921 NFL championship controversy">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_NFL_Playoff_Game" title="1932 NFL Playoff Game">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1933 NFL Championship Game">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1940 NFL Championship Game">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1941 NFL Championship Game">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1943 NFL Championship Game">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1946 NFL Championship Game">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1963 NFL Championship Game">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XX" title="Super Bowl XX">1985 (XX)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_broadcasters" title="List of Chicago Bears broadcasters">Broadcasters</a></li> <li>Radio: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WMVP" title="WMVP">WMVP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Personnel: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Joniak" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeff Joniak">Jeff Joniak</a> (play-by-play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Thayer" title="Tom Thayer">Tom Thayer</a> (analyst)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_McKie" title="Jason McKie">Jason McKie</a> (sideline reporter)</li></ul></li> <li>Television: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WFLD" title="WFLD">WFLD</a> (pre-season and most regular season games through <a href="/wiki/NFL_on_Fox" title="NFL on Fox">Fox</a>, official pre-game and post-game alternate)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquee_Sports_Network" title="Marquee Sports Network">Marquee Sports Network</a> (official post-game and in-season programming)</li></ul></li> <li>Personnel: <ul><li>Lou Canellis (gameday television host, pre-season sideline reporter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Amin" title="Adam Amin">Adam Amin</a> (pre-season play-by-play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Miller_(quarterback)" title="Jim Miller (quarterback)">Jim Miller</a> (pre-season analyst)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Current league affiliations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>League: <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a></li> <li>Conference: <a href="/wiki/National_Football_Conference" title="National Football Conference">National Football Conference</a></li> <li>Division: <a href="/wiki/NFC_North" title="NFC North">North Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chicago_Bears" title="Category:Chicago Bears"><span style="color: #000000">Category:Chicago Bears</span></a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chicago_Bears" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chicago Bears"><span style="color: #000000">WikiProject Chicago Bears</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arizona_Cardinals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;background-color: #97233F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arizona_Cardinals" title="Template:Arizona Cardinals"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arizona_Cardinals" title="Template talk:Arizona Cardinals"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arizona_Cardinals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arizona Cardinals"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arizona_Cardinals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals" title="Arizona Cardinals"><span style="color: #FFFFFF">Arizona Cardinals</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;"><div> <ul><li>Founded in 1898</li> <li>Played in <b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span style="color: #97233F">Chicago</span></a></b> (1920–1959), <b><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis"><span style="color: #97233F">St. Louis</span></a></b> (1960–1987), and formerly the <b>Phoenix Cardinals</b> (1988–1993)</li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona"><span style="color: #97233F">Glendale, Arizona</span></a></b></li> <li>Headquartered in <b><a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona"><span style="color: #97233F">Tempe, Arizona</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Franchise</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Arizona_Cardinals" title="History of the Arizona Cardinals">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cardinals" title="Chicago Cardinals">in Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals_(NFL)" title="St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)">in St. Louis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_Cardinals_seasons" title="List of Arizona Cardinals seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_Cardinals_head_coaches" title="List of Arizona Cardinals head coaches">Head coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals_all-time_roster" title="Arizona Cardinals all-time roster">All-time roster</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals_all-time_roster_(A%E2%80%93Kin)" title="Arizona Cardinals all-time roster (A–Kin)">A–Kin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Cardinals_all-time_roster_(Kir%E2%80%93Z)" title="Arizona Cardinals all-time roster (Kir–Z)">Kir–Z</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_Cardinals_starting_quarterbacks" title="List of Arizona Cardinals starting quarterbacks">Quarterbacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_Cardinals_first-round_draft_picks" title="List of Arizona Cardinals first-round draft picks">First-round draft picks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Stadiums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Normal_Park" title="Normal Park">Normal Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrigley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Field" title="Forbes Field">Forbes Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsman%27s_Park" title="Sportsman's Park">Busch Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busch_Memorial_Stadium" title="Busch Memorial Stadium">Busch Memorial Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_America_Stadium" title="Mountain America Stadium">Mountain America Stadium</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/State_Farm_Stadium" title="State Farm Stadium">State Farm Stadium</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_O%27Brien_(American_football)" title="Chris O'Brien (American football)">Chris O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bidwill" title="Charles Bidwill">Charles Bidwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Bidwill" title="Bill Bidwill">Bill Bidwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Sea_(football)" title="Red Sea (football)">Red Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Red_(Cardinals_mascot)" title="Big Red (Cardinals mascot)">Big Red (mascot)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Maguire" title="Jerry Maguire">Jerry Maguire</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1925_Chicago_Cardinals%E2%80%93Milwaukee_Badgers_scandal" title="1925 Chicago Cardinals–Milwaukee Badgers scandal">1925 Chicago Cardinals–Milwaukee Badgers scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_NFL_Championship_controversy" title="1925 NFL Championship controversy">1925 NFL Championship controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Card-Pitt" title="Card-Pitt">Card-Pitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Million_Dollar_Backfield_(Chicago_Cardinals)" title="Million Dollar Backfield (Chicago Cardinals)">Million Dollar Backfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cardinals%E2%80%93Toronto_Argonauts_exhibition_game" title="Chicago Cardinals–Toronto Argonauts exhibition game">Chicago Cardinals–Toronto Argonauts exhibition game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BAtbol_Americano" title="Fútbol Americano">Fútbol Americano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_Bears%E2%80%93Arizona_Cardinals_game" title="2006 Chicago Bears–Arizona Cardinals game">"They are who we thought they were!"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Murray" title="Hail Murray">Hail Murray</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Cardinals_rivalry" title="Bears–Cardinals rivalry">Chicago Bears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_Cup_(Missouri)" title="Governor's Cup (Missouri)">Kansas City Chiefs (former)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinals%E2%80%93Rams_rivalry" title="Cardinals–Rams rivalry">Los Angeles Rams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49ers%E2%80%93Cardinals_rivalry" title="49ers–Cardinals rivalry">San Francisco 49ers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinals%E2%80%93Seahawks_rivalry" title="Cardinals–Seahawks rivalry">Seattle Seahawks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Division championships (7)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947_Chicago_Cardinals_season" title="1947 Chicago Cardinals season">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Chicago_Cardinals_season" title="1948 Chicago Cardinals season">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_St._Louis_Cardinals_(NFL)_season" title="1974 St. Louis Cardinals (NFL) season">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_St._Louis_Cardinals_(NFL)_season" title="1975 St. Louis Cardinals (NFL) season">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Arizona_Cardinals_season" title="2008 Arizona Cardinals season">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Arizona_Cardinals_season" title="2009 Arizona Cardinals season">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Arizona_Cardinals_season" title="2015 Arizona Cardinals season">2015</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Conference championships (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_NFL_season" title="2008 NFL season">2008</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">League championships (2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1925_NFL_Championship_controversy" title="1925 NFL Championship controversy">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1947 NFL Championship Game">1947</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Retired numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Wilson_(American_football)" title="Larry Wilson (American football)">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Tillman" title="Pat Tillman">40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Mauldin" title="Stan Mauldin">77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._V._Cain" title="J. V. Cain">88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Goldberg" title="Marshall Goldberg">99</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;;width:1%">Current league affiliations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>League: <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a></li> <li>Conference: <a href="/wiki/National_Football_Conference" title="National Football Conference">National Football Conference</a></li> <li>Division: <a href="/wiki/NFC_West" title="NFC West">West Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #97233F !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #97233F, inset -2px -2px 0 #97233F;;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Arizona_Cardinals" title="Category:Arizona Cardinals"><span style="color: #97233F;">Category</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hammond_Pros" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 , inset -2px -2px 0 ;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hammond_Pros" title="Template:Hammond Pros"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #F0BF00 !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hammond_Pros" title="Template talk:Hammond Pros"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #F0BF00 !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hammond_Pros" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hammond Pros"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #F0BF00 !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hammond_Pros" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hammond_Pros" title="Hammond Pros"><span style="color: #F0BF00">Hammond Pros</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;"><div> <ul><li><b>Defunct <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League"><span style="color: #F0BF00;">National Football League</span></a> club 1920–1926</b></li> <li>Founded in 1908</li> <li><b>Defunct <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">|<span style="color: #F0BF00;">National Football League</span></a> club 1920–1926</b></li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Hammond,_Indiana" title="Hammond, Indiana"><span style="color: #F0BF00;">Hammond, Indiana</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;width:1%">The Franchise</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hammond_Pros" title="Hammond Pros">Hammond Pros</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;width:1%">Stadiums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cub Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;width:1%">Seasons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Hammond_Pros_season" title="1920 Hammond Pros season">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Hammond_Pros_season" title="1921 Hammond Pros season">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Hammond_Pros_season" title="1922 Hammond Pros season">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Hammond_Pros_season" title="1923 Hammond Pros season">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Hammond_Pros_season" title="1924 Hammond Pros season">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Hammond_Pros_season" title="1925 Hammond Pros season">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Hammond_Pros_season" title="1926 Hammond Pros season">1926</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;width:1%">Head Coaches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Gillo</li> <li>Hicks</li> <li>Hess</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pollard" title="Fritz Pollard">Pollard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Young" title="Doc Young">Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;width:1%">Owners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Parduhn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Young" title="Doc Young">Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;width:1%">Hall of Famers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Driscoll" title="Paddy Driscoll">John Driscoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pollard" title="Fritz Pollard">Fritz Pollard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #3B0160 !important; color: #F0BF00 !important; ;;width:1%">League affiliations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Professional_Football_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="American Professional Football Association">American Professional Football Association</a> (1920–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (1923–26)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Sting" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:black; color:#FFD300;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Sting" title="Template:Chicago Sting"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFD300">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Sting" title="Template talk:Chicago Sting"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFD300">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Sting" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Sting"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFD300">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Sting" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sting" title="Chicago Sting"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFD300">Chicago Sting</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;"><div id="*_Founded_1974_*_Based_in_Chicago"> <ul><li>Founded 1974</li> <li>Based in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Chicago</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:1%">Club history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sting" title="Chicago Sting">Chicago Sting (1974–1984)</a> (outdoor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sting" title="Chicago Sting">Chicago Sting (1976–1982)</a> (indoor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sting" title="Chicago Sting">Chicago Sting (1982–1988)</a> (indoor)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:1%">Sports facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Stadium" title="Chicago Stadium">Chicago Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemont_Horizon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosemont Horizon">Rosemont Horizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrigley Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Stanley Sting</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sting" title="The Sting">The Sting</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Cosmos_(2010)" title="New York Cosmos (2010)">New York Cosmos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Stars_(soccer)" title="St. Louis Stars (soccer)">St. Louis Stars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:1%">Important figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Chursky" title="Tony Chursky">Tony Chursky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Getzinger" title="Rudy Getzinger">Rudy Getzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Gray_(soccer)" title="Gerry Gray (soccer)">Gerry Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Heinz_Granitza" title="Karl-Heinz Granitza">Karl-Heinz Granitza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Kodelja" title="Victor Kodelja">Victor Kodelja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McGrane" title="John McGrane">John McGrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Nogueira" title="Victor Nogueira">Victor Nogueira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Roy" title="Willy Roy">Willy Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Stern" title="Lee Stern">Lee Stern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clive_Toye" title="Clive Toye">Clive Toye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wilson_(soccer)" title="Bruce Wilson (soccer)">Bruce Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chicago_Sting" title="Category:Chicago Sting">Related articles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;background:black; color:#FFD300;"><div id="Honors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Honors</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Soccer_Bowl" title="Soccer Bowl"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">NASL Championship</span></a> (2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soccer_Bowl_%2781" title="Soccer Bowl '81">1981</a> (Champions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soccer_Bowl_%2784" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer Bowl '84">1984</a> (Champions)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">NASL Regular season</span></a> (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1984 North American Soccer League season">1984</a> (Champions)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">NASL Division titles</span></a> (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1976 North American Soccer League season">1976</a> (Northern Division)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1980 North American Soccer League season">1980</a> (Central Division)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1981 North American Soccer League season">1981</a> (Central Division)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1984 North American Soccer League season">1984</a> (Eastern Division)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">NASL Indoor League<br />Championship</span></a> (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980%E2%80%9381_NASL_Indoor_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1980–81 NASL Indoor season">1980–81</a> (Finalist)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">NASL Indoor League<br />Regular Season</span></a> (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980%E2%80%9381_NASL_Indoor_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1980–81 NASL Indoor season">1980–81</a> (Champions)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">NASL Indoor League<br />Division</span></a> (2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980%E2%80%9381_NASL_Indoor_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1980–81 NASL Indoor season">1980–81</a> (Central Division)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981%E2%80%9382_NASL_Indoor_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1981–82 NASL Indoor season">1981–82</a> (Central Division)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;background:black; color:#FFD300;"><div id="Seasons" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Seasons</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">North American Soccer League<br />(1966–85)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1975_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1975 North American Soccer League season">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1976 North American Soccer League season">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1977 North American Soccer League season">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1978 North American Soccer League season">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1979 North American Soccer League season">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1980 North American Soccer League season">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1981 North American Soccer League season">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1982 North American Soccer League season">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1983 North American Soccer League season">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_North_American_Soccer_League_season" title="1984 North American Soccer League season">1984</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">North American Soccer League<br />Indoor (1975–84)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_NASL_Indoor_tournament" title="1976 NASL Indoor tournament">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980%E2%80%9381_NASL_Indoor_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1980–81 NASL Indoor season">1980–81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981%E2%80%9382_NASL_Indoor_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1981–82 NASL Indoor season">1981–82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983%E2%80%9384_NASL_Indoor_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1983–84 NASL Indoor season">1983–84</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD300; color:black;;width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_(1978%E2%80%9392)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–92)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Major Indoor Soccer League<br />(1978–92)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1982%E2%80%9383_Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_season" title="1982–83 Major Indoor Soccer League season">1982–83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984%E2%80%9385_Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_season" title="1984–85 Major Indoor Soccer League season">1984–85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985%E2%80%9386_Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_season" title="1985–86 Major Indoor Soccer League season">1985–86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986%E2%80%9387_Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_season" title="1986–87 Major Indoor Soccer League season">1986–87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%9388_Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_season" title="1987–88 Major Indoor Soccer League season">1987–88</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_ballparks_in_Major_League_Baseball" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MLB_Ballparks" title="Template:MLB Ballparks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MLB_Ballparks" title="Template talk:MLB Ballparks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MLB_Ballparks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MLB Ballparks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_ballparks_in_Major_League_Baseball" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Major_League_Baseball_stadiums" title="List of current Major League Baseball stadiums">Current ballparks in Major League Baseball</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American<br />League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_East" title="American League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriole_Park_at_Camden_Yards" title="Oriole Park at Camden Yards">Oriole Park at Camden Yards</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Centre" title="Rogers Centre">Rogers Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blue_Jays" title="Toronto Blue Jays">Toronto Blue Jays</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Steinbrenner_Field" title="George M. Steinbrenner Field">George M. Steinbrenner Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Rays" title="Tampa Bay Rays">Tampa Bay Rays</a>)‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium" title="Yankee Stadium">Yankee Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_Central" title="American League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comerica_Park" title="Comerica Park">Comerica Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit Tigers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guaranteed_Rate_Field" title="Guaranteed Rate Field">Guaranteed Rate Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kauffman_Stadium" title="Kauffman Stadium">Kauffman Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals" title="Kansas City Royals">Kansas City Royals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians">Cleveland Guardians</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Target_Field" title="Target Field">Target Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_West" title="American League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Stadium" title="Angel Stadium">Angel Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Angels" title="Los Angeles Angels">Los Angeles Angels</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_Life_Field" title="Globe Life Field">Globe Life Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Texas Rangers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minute_Maid_Park" title="Minute Maid Park">Minute Maid Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutter_Health_Park" title="Sutter Health Park">Sutter Health Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oakland_Athletics" title="Oakland Athletics">Athletics</a>)†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_Park" title="T-Mobile Park">T-Mobile Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seattle_Mariners" title="Seattle Mariners">Seattle Mariners</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National<br />League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_East" title="National League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citi_Field" title="Citi Field">Citi Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_Mets" title="New York Mets">New York Mets</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Bank_Park" title="Citizens Bank Park">Citizens Bank Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LoanDepot_Park" title="LoanDepot Park">LoanDepot Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miami_Marlins" title="Miami Marlins">Miami Marlins</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationals_Park" title="Nationals Park">Nationals Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Washington_Nationals" title="Washington Nationals">Washington Nationals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truist_Park" title="Truist Park">Truist Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_Central" title="National League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Family_Field" title="American Family Field">American Family Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers" title="Milwaukee Brewers">Milwaukee Brewers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busch_Stadium" title="Busch Stadium">Busch Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ball Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PNC_Park" title="PNC Park">PNC Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Pirates</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrigley Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_West" title="National League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Field" title="Chase Field">Chase Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks" title="Arizona Diamondbacks">Arizona Diamondbacks</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coors_Field" title="Coors Field">Coors Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Colorado_Rockies" title="Colorado Rockies">Colorado Rockies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodger_Stadium" title="Dodger Stadium">Dodger Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Park" title="Oracle Park">Oracle Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petco_Park" title="Petco Park">Petco Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Padres" title="San Diego Padres">San Diego Padres</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span style="font-size:85%;"><b>†</b> – The <a href="/wiki/Athletics_(baseball)" title="Athletics (baseball)">Athletics</a> will play their home games at <a href="/wiki/Sutter_Health_Park" title="Sutter Health Park">Sutter Health Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Sacramento,_CA" class="mw-redirect" title="West Sacramento, CA">West Sacramento, CA</a> beginning in the <a href="/wiki/2025_Athletics_season" title="2025 Athletics season">2025 season</a>, until their <a href="/wiki/New_Las_Vegas_Stadium" title="New Las Vegas Stadium">new ballpark</a> in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a> is completed.</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><b>‡</b> – <a href="/wiki/George_M._Steinbrenner_Field" title="George M. Steinbrenner Field">George M. Steinbrenner Field</a>, the spring training home of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a>, will serve as home of the <a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Rays" title="Tampa Bay Rays">Tampa Bay Rays</a> for the <a href="/wiki/2025_Tampa_Bay_Rays_season" title="2025 Tampa Bay Rays season">2025 season</a> due to the damage to <a href="/wiki/Tropicana_Field" title="Tropicana Field">Tropicana Field</a> from <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Milton" title="Hurricane Milton">Hurricane Milton</a>.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Former_stadiums_of_the_National_Football_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Defunct_NFL_stadiums" title="Template:Defunct NFL stadiums"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Defunct_NFL_stadiums" title="Template talk:Defunct NFL stadiums"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Defunct_NFL_stadiums" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Defunct NFL stadiums"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Former_stadiums_of_the_National_Football_League" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Former stadiums of the National Football League</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early era:<br /><a href="/wiki/1920_APFA_season" title="1920 APFA season">1920</a>–<a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_season" title="1940 NFL season">1940</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/League_Park_(Akron)" title="League Park (Akron)">League Park (Akron)</a> (Akron Pros)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armory_Park" title="Armory Park">Armory Park</a> (Toledo Maroons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Bowl" title="Baker Bowl">Baker Bowl</a> (Philadelphia Eagles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellevue_Park_(stadium)" title="Bellevue Park (stadium)">Bellevue Park</a> (Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offermann_Stadium" title="Offermann Stadium">Bison Stadium</a> (Buffalo Bison/Rangers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borchert_Field" title="Borchert Field">Borchert Field</a> (Milwaukee Badgers, Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosse_Field" title="Bosse Field">Bosse Field</a> (Evansville Crimson Giants)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braves_Field" title="Braves Field">Braves Field</a> (Boston Braves, Boston Yanks)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Baseball_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo Baseball Park">Buffalo Baseball Park</a> (Buffalo All-Americans)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_Field" title="League Field">League Field (Canton)</a> (Canton Bulldogs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Stadium_(Green_Bay)" title="City Stadium (Green Bay)">City Stadium</a> (Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_G._Bulkeley_Stadium" title="Morgan G. Bulkeley Stadium">Clarkin Field</a> (Hartford Blues)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Stadium" title="Cleveland Stadium">Cleveland Stadium</a> (Cleveland Rams)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a> (Chicago Cardinals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Field" title="Commercial Field">Commercial Field</a> (New York Brickley Giants)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosley_Field" title="Crosley Field">Crosley Field</a> (Cincinnati Reds)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cubs Park/Wrigley Field</a> (Chicago Tigers, Hammond Pros, Chicago Bears, Chicago Cardinals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycledrome" title="Cycledrome">Cycledrome</a> (Providence Steam Roller)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Detroit_Stadium" title="University of Detroit Stadium">Dinan Field</a> (Detroit Wolverines, Detroit Lions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Park_(Rock_Island)" title="Douglas Park (Rock Island)">Douglas Park</a> (Rock Island Independents)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletic_Park_(Duluth)" title="Athletic Park (Duluth)">Duluth's Athletic Park</a> (Duluth Kelleys/Eskimos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Hartford_Velodrome" title="East Hartford Velodrome">East Hartford Velodrome</a> (Hartford Blues)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebbets_Field" title="Ebbets Field">Ebbets Field</a> (New York Brickley Giants, Brooklyn Lions, Brooklyn Dodgers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_Park" title="Eclipse Park">Eclipse Park</a> (Louisville Breckenridges)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a> (Boston Braves, Boston Yanks)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Field" title="Forbes Field">Forbes Field</a> (Pittsburgh Pirates/Steelers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankford_Stadium" title="Frankford Stadium">Frankford Stadium</a> (Frankford Yellow Jackets)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffith_Stadium" title="Griffith Stadium">Griffith Stadium</a> (Washington)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagemeister_Park" title="Hagemeister Park">Hagemeister Park</a> (Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horlick_Field" title="Horlick Field">Horlick Field</a> (Racine Legion, Racine Tornadoes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinsley_Park" title="Kinsley Park">Kinsley Park</a> (Providence Steam Roller)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Columbus_Stadium" title="Knights of Columbus Stadium">Knights of Columbus Stadium</a> (Orange Tornadoes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeside_Park_(Canton,_Ohio)" title="Lakeside Park (Canton, Ohio)">Lakeside Park</a> (Canton Bulldogs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_Park" title="League Park">League Park</a> (Cleveland Tigers, Indians/Bulldogs, Rams)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Park" title="Lexington Park">Lexington Park</a> (Minneapolis Marines)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_Park,_Cleveland" title="Luna Park, Cleveland">Luna Park</a> (Cleveland Panthers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minersville_Park" title="Minersville Park">Minersville Park</a> (Pottsville Maroons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Stadium_(Kansas_City,_Missouri)" title="Municipal Stadium (Kansas City, Missouri)">Muehlebach Field</a> (Kansas City Blues/Cowboys)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Field" title="Nash Field">Nash Field</a> (Kenosha Maroons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Stadium_(Detroit)" title="Tiger Stadium (Detroit)">Navin Field/Briggs Stadium</a> (Detroit Heralds/Tigers, Panthers, Lions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Park_(Columbus,_Ohio)" title="Neil Park (Columbus, Ohio)">Neil Park</a> (Columbus Wagner Pirates)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Schools_Stadium" title="Newark Schools Stadium">Newark Schools Stadium</a> (Newark Tornadoes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Velodrome" title="Newark Velodrome">Newark Velodrome</a> (Newark Tornadoes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickerson_Field" title="Nickerson Field">Nickerson Field</a> (Boston Braves)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicollet_Park" title="Nicollet Park">Nicollet Park</a> (Minneapolis Marines/Red Jackets)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normal_Park" title="Normal Park">Normal Park</a> (Chicago Cardinals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkway_Field" title="Parkway Field">Parkway Field</a> (Louisville Brecks)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Stadium_(Philadelphia)" title="John F. Kennedy Stadium (Philadelphia)">Philadelphia Municipal Stadium</a> (Philadelphia Eagles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_Grounds" title="Polo Grounds">Polo Grounds</a> (New York Giants, New York Brickley Giants)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaw_Stadium" title="Shaw Stadium">Shaw Stadium</a> (Cleveland Rams)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibe_Park" title="Shibe Park">Shibe Park</a> (Philadelphia Eagles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartan_Municipal_Stadium" title="Spartan Municipal Stadium">Spartan Municipal Stadium</a> (Portsmouth Spartans)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsman%27s_Park" title="Sportsman's Park">Sportsman's Park</a> (St. Louis All-Stars, St. Louis Gunners)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staley_Field" title="Staley Field">Staley Field</a> (Decatur Staleys)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Park" title="Star Park">Star Park</a> (<i>possible</i>, Syracuse Pros)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swayne_Field" title="Swayne Field">Swayne Field</a> (Toledo Maroons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Stadium_(Staten_Island)" title="Thompson Stadium (Staten Island)">Thompson Stadium</a> (Staten Islands Stapletons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_Park_(Dayton)" title="Triangle Park (Dayton)">Triangle Park</a> (Dayton Triangles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Mile" title="Milwaukee Mile">Wisconsin State Fair Park</a> (Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium I</a> (New York Yankees, New York Giants)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-War and<br />Pre-Merger era:<br /><a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_season" title="1941 NFL season">1941</a>–<a href="/wiki/1969_NFL_season" title="1969 NFL season">1969</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alumni_Stadium" title="Alumni Stadium">Alumni Stadium</a> (Boston Patriots)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrodome" title="Astrodome">Astrodome</a> (Houston Oilers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta%E2%80%93Fulton_County_Stadium" title="Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium">Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium</a> (Atlanta Falcons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Stadium" title="Balboa Stadium">Balboa Stadium</a> (San Diego Chargers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Memorial_Stadium" title="Baltimore Memorial Stadium">Baltimore Memorial Stadium</a> (Baltimore Colts)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_High_Stadium" title="Mile High Stadium">Bears Stadium/Mile High Stadium</a> (Denver Broncos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Stadium_(Detroit)" title="Tiger Stadium (Detroit)">Briggs Stadium/Tiger Stadium</a> (Detroit Lions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsman%27s_Park" title="Sportsman's Park">Busch Stadium</a> (St. Louis Cardinals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busch_Memorial_Stadium" title="Busch Memorial Stadium">Busch Memorial Stadium</a> (St. Louis Cardinals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Stadium" title="Cleveland Stadium">Cleveland Stadium</a> (Cleveland Browns)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a> (Chicago Cardinals, Card-Pitt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibe_Park" title="Shibe Park">Shibe Park/Connie Mack Stadium</a> (Philadelphia Eagles, Phil-Pitt Steagles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a> (Dallas Texans, Dallas Cowboys)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Stadium" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium">District of Columbia Stadium/RFK Memorial Stadium</a> (Washington Redskins)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Field_(stadium)" title="Ryan Field (stadium)">Dyche Stadium</a> (Chicago Bears)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebbets_Field" title="Ebbets Field">Ebbets Field</a> (Brooklyn Dodgers/Tigers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a> (Boston Yanks, Boston Patriots)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Field" title="Forbes Field">Forbes Field</a> (Pittsburgh Steelers, Phil-Pitt Steagles, Card-Pitt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Youell_Field" title="Frank Youell Field">Frank Youell Field</a> (Oakland Raiders)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Field" title="Franklin Field">Franklin Field</a> (Philadelphia Eagles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffith_Stadium" title="Griffith Stadium">Griffith Stadium</a> (Washington Redskins)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Stadium" title="Harvard Stadium">Harvard Stadium</a> (Boston Patriots)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertson_Stadium" title="Robertson Stadium">Jeppesen Stadium</a> (Houston Oilers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Stadium_(Kansas_City,_Missouri)" title="Municipal Stadium (Kansas City, Missouri)">Kansas City Municipal Stadium</a> (Kansas City Chiefs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kezar_Stadium" title="Kezar Stadium">Kezar Stadium</a> (San Francisco 49ers, Oakland Raiders)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_Park" title="League Park">League Park</a> (Cleveland Rams)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a> (Los Angeles Rams, Los Angeles Chargers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Stadium" title="Metropolitan Stadium">Metropolitan Stadium</a> (Minnesota Vikings)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Orange_Bowl" title="Miami Orange Bowl">Miami Orange Bowl</a> (Miami Dolphins)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_County_Stadium" title="Milwaukee County Stadium">Milwaukee County Stadium</a> (Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickerson_Field" title="Nickerson Field">Nickerson Field</a> (Boston Patriots)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippert_Stadium" title="Nippert Stadium">Nippert Stadium</a> (Cincinnati Bengals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Coliseum" title="Oakland Coliseum">Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum</a> (Oakland Raiders)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Stadium_(Philadelphia)" title="John F. Kennedy Stadium (Philadelphia)">Philadelphia Municipal Stadium</a> (Philadelphia Eagles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt_Stadium" title="Pitt Stadium">Pitt Stadium</a> (Pittsburgh Steelers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_Grounds" title="Polo Grounds">Polo Grounds</a> (New York Giants, New York Bulldogs, New York Titans/Jets)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_Stadium_(Rice_University)" title="Rice Stadium (Rice University)">Rice Stadium</a> (Houston Oilers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverfront_Stadium" title="Riverfront Stadium">Riverfront Stadium</a> (Cincinnati Bengals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Stadium" title="San Diego Stadium">San Diego Stadium</a> (San Diego Chargers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shea_Stadium" title="Shea Stadium">Shea Stadium</a> (New York Jets)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulane_Stadium" title="Tulane Stadium">Tulane Stadium</a> (New Orleans Saints)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Memorial_Stadium_(Buffalo,_New_York)" title="War Memorial Stadium (Buffalo, New York)">War Memorial Stadium</a> (Buffalo Bills)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Mile" title="Milwaukee Mile">Wisconsin State Fair Park</a> (Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrigley Field</a> (Chicago Bears, Chicago Cardinals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium I</a> (New York Yanks, New York Giants)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current era:<br /><a href="/wiki/1970_NFL_season" title="1970 NFL season">1970</a>–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Stadium" title="Angel Stadium">Anaheim Stadium</a> (Los Angeles Rams)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrodome" title="Astrodome">Astrodome</a> (Houston Oilers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta%E2%80%93Fulton_County_Stadium" title="Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium">Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium</a> (Atlanta Falcons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Memorial_Stadium" title="Baltimore Memorial Stadium">Baltimore Memorial Stadium</a> (Baltimore Colts, Baltimore Ravens)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busch_Memorial_Stadium" title="Busch Memorial Stadium">Busch Memorial Stadium</a> (St. Louis Cardinals, St. Louis Rams)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlestick_Park" title="Candlestick Park">Candlestick Park</a> (San Francisco 49ers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Stadium" title="Cleveland Stadium">Cleveland Stadium</a> (Cleveland Browns)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a> (Dallas Cowboys)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dome_at_America%27s_Center" title="The Dome at America's Center">The Dome at America's Center</a> (St. Louis Rams)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxboro_Stadium" title="Foxboro Stadium">Foxboro Stadium</a> (New England Patriots)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Dome" title="Georgia Dome">Georgia Dome</a> (Atlanta Falcons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_Stadium" title="Giants Stadium">Giants Stadium</a> (New York Giants, New York Jets)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_H._Humphrey_Metrodome" title="Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome">Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome</a> (Minnesota Vikings)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Stadium_(Kansas_City,_Missouri)" title="Municipal Stadium (Kansas City, Missouri)">Kansas City Municipal Stadium</a> (Kansas City Chiefs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdome" title="Kingdome">Kingdome</a> (Seattle Seahawks)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a> (Los Angeles Rams, Los Angeles Raiders)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Stadium" title="Metropolitan Stadium">Metropolitan Stadium</a> (Minnesota Vikings)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Orange_Bowl" title="Miami Orange Bowl">Miami Orange Bowl</a> (Miami Dolphins)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_High_Stadium" title="Mile High Stadium">Mile High Stadium</a> (Denver Broncos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_County_Stadium" title="Milwaukee County Stadium">Milwaukee County Stadium</a> (Green Bay Packers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Coliseum" title="Oakland Coliseum">Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum</a> (Oakland Raiders)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Dome" title="RCA Dome">RCA Dome</a> (Indianapolis Colts)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverfront_Stadium" title="Riverfront Stadium">Riverfront Stadium</a> (Cincinnati Bengals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Stadium" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium">Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium</a> (Washington Redskins)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Stadium" title="San Diego Stadium">San Diego Stadium</a> (San Diego Chargers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shea_Stadium" title="Shea Stadium">Shea Stadium</a> (New York Jets, New York Giants)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Silverdome" title="Pontiac Silverdome">Silverdome</a> (Detroit Lions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Devil_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Devil Stadium">Sun Devil Stadium</a> (Arizona Cardinals)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa_Stadium" title="Tampa Stadium">Tampa Stadium</a> (Tampa Bay Buccaneers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Stadium" title="Texas Stadium">Texas Stadium</a> (Dallas Cowboys)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Rivers_Stadium" title="Three Rivers Stadium">Three Rivers Stadium</a> (Pittsburgh Steelers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Stadium_(Detroit)" title="Tiger Stadium (Detroit)">Tiger Stadium</a> (Detroit Lions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulane_Stadium" title="Tulane Stadium">Tulane Stadium</a> (New Orleans Saints)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterans_Stadium" title="Veterans Stadium">Veterans Stadium</a> (Philadelphia Eagles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Memorial_Stadium_(Buffalo,_New_York)" title="War Memorial Stadium (Buffalo, New York)">War Memorial Stadium</a> (Buffalo Bills)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium I</a> (New York Giants)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stadiums<br />used by<br />NFL teams<br />temporarily</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamodome" title="Alamodome">Alamodome</a> (New Orleans Saints)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Stadium" title="Chicago Stadium">Chicago Stadium</a> (Chicago Bears)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Stadium_(University_of_Illinois)" title="Memorial Stadium (University of Illinois)">Champaign Memorial Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a>)<small>†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Stadium_(Clemson)" title="Memorial Stadium (Clemson)">Clemson Memorial Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Carolina_Panthers" title="Carolina Panthers">Carolina Panthers</a>)<small>†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignity_Health_Sports_Park" title="Dignity Health Sports Park">Dignity Health Sports Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Chargers" title="Los Angeles Chargers">Los Angeles Chargers</a>)<small>†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankford_High_School" title="Frankford High School">Frankford High School's Community Memorial Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Frankford_Yellow_Jackets" title="Frankford Yellow Jackets">Frankford Yellow Jackets</a>)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_Stadium" title="Giants Stadium">Giants Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Saints" title="New Orleans Saints">New Orleans Saints</a>)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Dodd_Stadium" title="Bobby Dodd Stadium">Grant Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Falcons" title="Atlanta Falcons">Atlanta Falcons</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husky_Stadium" title="Husky Stadium">Husky Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seattle_Seahawks" title="Seattle Seahawks">Seattle Seahawks</a>)<small>1</small><small>†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simmons_Bank_Liberty_Stadium" title="Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium">Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Houston_Oilers" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Houston Oilers">Tennessee Oilers</a>)<small>†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Stadium_(Louisiana)" title="Tiger Stadium (Louisiana)">LSU Tiger Stadium</a> (New Orleans Saints)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_Stadium" title="Marquette Stadium">Marquette Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_Packers" title="Green Bay Packers">Green Bay Packers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Stadium_(Philadelphia)" title="John F. Kennedy Stadium (Philadelphia)">Philadelphia Municipal Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles</a>)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibe_Park" title="Shibe Park">Shibe Park/Connie Mack Stadium</a> (Philadelphia Eagles)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Stadium" title="Stanford Stadium">Stanford Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_49ers" title="San Francisco 49ers">San Francisco 49ers</a>)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_Bank_Stadium" title="Huntington Bank Stadium">Huntington Bank Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Vikings" title="Minnesota Vikings">Minnesota Vikings</a>)<small>1</small><small>†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Stadium_(University_of_Minnesota)" title="Memorial Stadium (University of Minnesota)">University of Minnesota Memorial Stadium</a> (Minnesota Vikings)<small>1</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanderbilt Stadium">Vanderbilt Stadium</a> (Tennessee Titans)<small>†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Bowl" title="Yale Bowl">Yale Bowl</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants" title="New York Giants">New York Giants</a>)<small>†</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_parthenon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/16px-P_parthenon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/24px-P_parthenon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/32px-P_parthenon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Architecture" title="Portal:Architecture">Architecture portal</a> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/16px-Sports_icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/24px-Sports_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/32px-Sports_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="226" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sports" title="Portal:Sports">Sports portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span></li></ul> <p>†= Team's stadium under construction or refurbishment at time <br />1 = A team used the stadium when their permanent stadium was unable to be used as a result of damage. </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lake_View,_Chicago" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lake_View,_Chicago" title="Template:Lake View, Chicago"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lake_View,_Chicago" title="Template talk:Lake View, 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navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and <br />secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Public_Schools" title="Chicago Public Schools">Chicago Public Schools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nettelhorst_School" title="Nettelhorst School">Nettelhorst School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Magnet_School" title="Inter-American Magnet School">Inter-American Magnet School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_View_High_School_(Chicago)" title="Lake View High School (Chicago)">Lake View High School</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Public_Library" title="Chicago Public Library">Chicago Public Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Landmarks" title="List of Chicago Landmarks">Chicago Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Precinct_/_Town_Hall_Police_Station" title="42nd Precinct / Town Hall Police Station">42nd Precinct / Town Hall Police Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Apartments" title="Brewster Apartments">Brewster Apartments</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrigley Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Transit_Authority" title="Chicago Transit Authority">CTA</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addison_station_(CTA_Red_Line)" title="Addison station (CTA Red Line)">Addison</a> (Red Line)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_station_(CTA_North_Side_Main_Line)" title="Belmont station (CTA North Side Main Line)">Belmont</a> (North Side Main Line)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversey_station" title="Diversey station">Diversey</a> (on boundary with Lincoln Park)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulina_station" title="Paulina station">Paulina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_station_(CTA)" title="Sheridan station (CTA)">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southport_station_(CTA)" title="Southport station (CTA)">Southport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_station_(CTA)" title="Wellington station (CTA)">Wellington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federal_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Federal_League" title="Template:Federal League"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Federal_League" title="Template talk:Federal League"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Federal_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Federal League"><abbr title="Edit this 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Hoosiers/Newark Peppers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Packers" title="Kansas City Packers">Kansas City Packers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Rebels" title="Pittsburgh Rebels">Pittsburgh Stogies/Rebels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Terriers" title="St. Louis Terriers">St. Louis Terriers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stadiums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_Park_(Pittsburgh)" title="Exposition Park (Pittsburgh)">Exposition Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_League_Park" title="Federal League Park">Federal League Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_and_Koppel_Field" title="Gordon and Koppel Field">Gordon and Koppel Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handlan%27s_Park" title="Handlan's Park">Handlan's Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Park_(New_Jersey)" title="Harrison Park (New Jersey)">Harrison Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fair_Association_Grounds" title="International Fair Association Grounds">International Fair Association Grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_Park,_Cleveland" title="Luna Park, Cleveland">Luna Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriole_Park" title="Oriole Park">Terrapin Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Park_(baseball)" title="Washington Park (baseball)">Washington Park</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Weeghman Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Federal_Baseball_Club_v._National_League" title="Federal Baseball Club v. National League">Federal Baseball Club v. National League</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Gilmore" title="James A. Gilmore">James A. Gilmore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="College_football_venues_in_Illinois" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Illinois_college_football_venues" title="Template:Illinois college football venues"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Illinois_college_football_venues" title="Template talk:Illinois college football venues"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Illinois_college_football_venues" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Illinois college football venues"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="College_football_venues_in_Illinois" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">College football</a> venues in <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I#Football_Bowl_Subdivision" title="NCAA Division I">FBS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Stadium_(University_of_Illinois)" title="Memorial Stadium (University of Illinois)">Memorial Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Illinois_Fighting_Illini_football" title="Illinois Fighting Illini football">Illinois</a>)</li> <li><b>Martin Athletics Complex</b> (<a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_football" title="Northwestern Wildcats football">Northwestern</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Mid-American_Conference" title="Mid-American Conference">MAC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Huskie_Stadium" title="Huskie Stadium">Huskie Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Illinois_Huskies_football" title="Northern Illinois Huskies football">Northern Illinois</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I#_Championship_Subdivision" title="NCAA Division I">FCS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Big_South%E2%80%93OVC_Football_Association" title="Big South–OVC Football Association">Big South–OVC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Hanson_Field" title="Hanson Field">Hanson Field</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Illinois_Leathernecks_football" title="Western Illinois Leathernecks football">Western Illinois</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/O%27Brien_Field_(Charleston)" title="O'Brien Field (Charleston)">O'Brien Field</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Illinois_Panthers_football" title="Eastern Illinois Panthers football">Eastern Illinois</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Valley_Football_Conference" title="Missouri Valley Football Conference">Missouri Valley</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Hancock_Stadium" title="Hancock Stadium">Hancock Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Illinois_State_Redbirds_football" title="Illinois State Redbirds football">Illinois State</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Saluki_Stadium" title="Saluki Stadium">Saluki Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Southern_Illinois_Salukis_football" title="Southern Illinois Salukis football">Southern Illinois</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II" title="NCAA Division II">Division II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Intercollegiate_Athletic_Conference" title="Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference">GLIAC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Morris_Field_(Roosevelt%E2%80%93Illinois)" title="Morris Field (Roosevelt–Illinois)">Morris Field</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_University" title="Roosevelt University">Roosevelt</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Valley_Conference" title="Great Lakes Valley Conference">GLVC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Leemon Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/McKendree_Bearcats" title="McKendree Bearcats">McKendree</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/QU_Stadium" title="QU Stadium">QU Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Quincy_Hawks" title="Quincy Hawks">Quincy</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">Division III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/College_Conference_of_Illinois_and_Wisconsin" title="College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin">CCIW</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Augustana Stadium/Ericson Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Augustana_College_(Illinois)" title="Augustana College (Illinois)">Augustana</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Benedetti%E2%80%93Wehrli_Stadium" title="Benedetti–Wehrli Stadium">Benedetti–Wehrli Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/North_Central_College" title="North Central College">North Central</a>)</li> <li><b>Frank M. Lindsay Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Millikin_Big_Blue" title="Millikin Big Blue">Millikin</a>)</li> <li><b>Holmgren Athletic Complex</b> (<a href="/wiki/North_Park_University" title="North Park University">North Park</a>)</li> <li><b>Illinois Wesleyan Stadium</b> (<a href="/wiki/Illinois_Wesleyan_University" title="Illinois Wesleyan University">Illinois Wesleyan</a>)</li> <li><b>Langhorst Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Elmhurst_University" title="Elmhurst University">Elmhurst</a>)</li> <li><b>McCully Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Illinois)" title="Wheaton College (Illinois)">Wheaton</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Conference" title="Midwest Conference">Midwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Bobby Woll Memorial Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Monmouth_College" title="Monmouth College">Monmouth</a>)</li> <li><b>England Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Illinois_College" title="Illinois College">Illinois College</a>)</li> <li><b>Farwell Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Lake_Forest_College" title="Lake Forest College">Lake Forest</a>)</li> <li><b>Knox Bowl</b> (<a href="/wiki/Knox_College_(Illinois)" title="Knox College (Illinois)">Knox</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stagg_Field" title="Stagg Field">Stagg Field</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago_Maroons_football" title="Chicago Maroons football">Chicago</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Athletics_Collegiate_Conference" title="Northern Athletics Collegiate Conference">Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Cougar Stadium</b> (<a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_Chicago" title="Concordia University Chicago">Concordia</a>)</li> <li><b>Sam Greeley Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Rockford_University" title="Rockford University">Rockford</a>)</li> <li><b>Spartan Stadium</b> (<a href="/wiki/Aurora_University" title="Aurora University">Aurora</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Village_of_Lisle-Benedictine_University_Sports_Complex" title="Village of Lisle-Benedictine University Sports Complex">Village of Lisle-Benedictine University Sports Complex</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Benedictine_University" title="Benedictine University">Benedictine</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Midwest_Athletic_Conference" title="Upper Midwest Athletic Conference">UMAC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Francis_Field_(Illinois)" title="Francis Field (Illinois)">Francis Field</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Greenville_University" title="Greenville University">Greenville</a>)</li> <li><b>Freesen Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/MacMurray_College" title="MacMurray College">MacMurray</a>)</li> <li><b>McKinzie Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Eureka_College" title="Eureka College">Eureka</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics" title="National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics">NAIA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mid-States" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Mid-States_Football_Association" title="Mid-States Football Association">Mid-States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Bruce R. Deaton Memorial Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Saint_Xavier_University" title="Saint Xavier University">Saint Xavier</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Joliet_Memorial_Stadium" title="Joliet Memorial Stadium">Joliet Memorial Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Francis" title="University of St. Francis">St. Francis</a>)</li> <li><b>Leslie A. Frazier Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Trinity_International_University" title="Trinity International University">Trinity International</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ward_Field_(Bourbonnais)" title="Ward Field (Bourbonnais)">Ward Field</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Olivet_Nazarene_University" title="Olivet Nazarene University">Olivet Nazarene</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/National_Christian_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Christian College Athletic Association">NCCAA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Johnson Field</b> (<a href="/wiki/Morthland_College" title="Morthland College">Morthland</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sprint_football" title="Sprint football">Sprint football</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="MSFL" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sprint_football#MSFL" title="Sprint football">MSFL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/QU_Stadium" title="QU Stadium">QU Stadium</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Quincy_Hawks" title="Quincy Hawks">Quincy</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Football">Wrigley Field</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052807#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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