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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ekologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hidrologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hidrologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hidrologi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hidrologi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Hidrologi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hidrologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Daerah_Aliran_Sungai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daerah_Aliran_Sungai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Daerah Aliran Sungai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daerah_Aliran_Sungai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gletser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gletser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Gletser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gletser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dampak_perubahan_iklim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dampak_perubahan_iklim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dampak perubahan iklim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dampak_perubahan_iklim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jalan_gunung" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jalan_gunung"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Jalan gunung</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jalan_gunung-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Puncak-puncak_penting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Puncak-puncak_penting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Puncak-puncak penting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Puncak-puncak_penting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dampak_terhadap_politik_dan_budaya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dampak_terhadap_politik_dan_budaya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Dampak terhadap politik dan budaya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dampak_terhadap_politik_dan_budaya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gambar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gambar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Gambar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gambar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_lebih_lanjut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bacaan lebih lanjut</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pegunungan Himalaya</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 184 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-184" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">184 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%82%E1%88%9B%E1%88%8B%E1%8B%AB_%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AB%E1%88%AE%E1%89%BD" title="ሂማላያ ተራሮች – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሂማላያ ተራሮች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="هملايا – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هملايا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="هيمالايا – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيمالايا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="হিমালয় – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হিমালয়" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Гьималаял – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Гьималаял" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalay" title="Himalay – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Himalay" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="هیمالیا داغلاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیمالیا داغلاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Гималай тауҙары – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гималай тауҙары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Himalaya" title="Gunung Himalaya – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gunung Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaj%C4%93" title="Himalajē – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Himalajē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%96" title="Гімалаі – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гімалаі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%96" title="Гімалаі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гімалаі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Хималаи – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хималаи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%9D%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%EA%A9%BB" title="ဟိမဝန္တာႏကောင်ရွေꩻ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဟိမဝန္တာႏကောင်ရွေꩻ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="হিমালয় পর্বতমালা – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিমালয় পর্বতমালা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1" title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaji" title="Himalaji – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Himalaji" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гималайн уула – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гималайн уула" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Him%C3%A0laia" title="Himàlaia – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Himàlaia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_S%C4%83ng-m%C4%83h" title="Himalaya Săng-măh – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Himalaya Săng-măh" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ھیمالایا – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھیمالایا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayalar" title="Himalayalar – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Himalayalar" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Him%C3%A1laj" title="Himálaj – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Himálaj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%C4%83%D0%B2%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Гималай тăвĕсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гималай тăвĕсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Sorbia Hilir" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hilir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ། – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Ιμαλάια – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιμαλάια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajo" title="Himalajo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Himalajo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himaalaja" title="Himaalaja – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Himaalaja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="هیمالیا – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هیمالیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himaalaja" title="Himaalaja – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Himaalaja" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himil%C3%A9ithe" title="Himiléithe – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Himiléithe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="喜馬拉雅山脈 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="喜馬拉雅山脈" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himal%C3%A1ia" title="Himaláia – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Himaláia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="हिमालयाचो दोंगरी वाठार – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="हिमालयाचो दोंगरी वाठार" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%AF" title="હિમાલય – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હિમાલય" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_S%C3%A2n-mak" title="Himalaya Sân-mak – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Himalaya Sân-mak" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94" title="הימלאיה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הימלאיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himal%C3%A1ja" title="Himalája – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Himalája" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հիմալայներ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիմալայներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajafj%C3%B6ll" title="Himalajafjöll – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Himalajafjöll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A4%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="ヒマラヤ山脈 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒマラヤ山脈" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaleyaz" title="Imaleyaz – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Imaleyaz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="ჰიმალაი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰიმალაი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimalay_tawlar%C4%B1" title="Gimalay tawları – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gimalay tawları" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idurar_n_Himalaya" title="Idurar n Himalaya – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Idurar n Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Гималайхэр – Kabardi" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Гималайхэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_p%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Himalaya pʊŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Himalaya pʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagunungan_Himalaya" title="Pagunungan Himalaya – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Pagunungan Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AF" title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9E%88%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EC%95%BC%EC%82%B0%EB%A7%A5" title="히말라야산맥 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="히말라야산맥" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гималайла – Karachai Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Гималайла" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachai Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%90%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%8E%DB%81" title="ہِمالیَہ – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ہِمالیَہ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AEmalaya" title="Hîmalaya – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hîmalaya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Гималаяр – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Гималаяр" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A5" title="ເທືອກເຂົາຫິມະໄລ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເທືອກເຂົາຫິມະໄລ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajai" title="Himalajai – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Himalajai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaji" title="Himalaji – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Himalaji" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Гималаи – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Гималаи" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagunungan_Himalaya" title="Pagunungan Himalaya – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Pagunungan Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Хималаи – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хималаи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ഹിമാലയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹിമാലയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Гималайвлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Гималайвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%9D%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဟိမဝန္တာ တောင်တန်း – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟိမဝန္တာ တောင်တန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzi%C5%82gaiitsoh_Honeezk%CA%BCazii" title="Dziłgaiitsoh Honeezkʼazii – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dziłgaiitsoh Honeezkʼazii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imalaia" title="Imalaia – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Imalaia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B3%E0%AD%9F" title="ହିମାଳୟ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହିମାଳୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Гималайтæ – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гималайтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਹਿਮਾਲਿਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਿਮਾਲਿਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imala%C3%AFa" title="Imalaïa – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Imalaïa" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaje" title="Himalaje – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Himalaje" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ہمالیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہمالیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%90%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="هېمالیا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هېمالیا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaias" title="Himalaias – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Himalaias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Гималаи – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гималаи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%97" title="Гімалаї – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гімалаї" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83" title="हिमालयः – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हिमालयः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Гималаай хайалара – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Гималаай хайалара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A9" title="ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="هماليا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هماليا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="හිමාලය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හිමාලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himal%C3%A1je" title="Himaláje – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Himaláje" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajet" title="Himalajet – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Himalajet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8" title="Хималаји – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хималаји" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaje" title="Himalaje – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Himalaje" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="இமயமலை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இமயமலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ ಪರ್ವತ ಸಾಲ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ ಪರ್ವತ ಸಾಲ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="హిమాలయాలు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హిమాలయాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Ҳимолой – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳимолой" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2" title="เทือกเขาหิมาลัย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เทือกเขาหิมาลัย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimala%C3%BDlar" title="Gimalaýlar – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gimalaýlar" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaj" title="Himalaj – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Himalaj" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayalar" title="Himalayalar – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Himalayalar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гималайлар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гималайлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%89%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%BA_%D8%AA%D9%89%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="ھىمالايا تاغ تىزمىسى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ھىمالايا تاغ تىزمىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%97" title="Гімалаї – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гімалаї" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%81_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%81_%DB%81%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81" title="سلسلہ کوہ ہمالیہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلسلہ کوہ ہمالیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himolay" title="Himolay – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Himolay" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimalajad" title="Gimalajad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gimalajad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="喜马拉雅山脉 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="喜马拉雅山脉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="ჰიმალაი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰიმალაი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A2" title="הימאלייע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הימאלייע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megbya_Hijmajlahyajsanh" title="Megbya Hijmajlahyajsanh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Megbya Hijmajlahyajsanh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%80%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵀⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⴰ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵀⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="喜马拉雅山脉 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="喜马拉雅山脉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1" title="喜瑪拉雅山 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="喜瑪拉雅山" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_Soa%E2%81%BF-l%C3%AAng" title="Himalaya Soaⁿ-lêng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Himalaya Soaⁿ-lêng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1" title="喜馬拉雅山 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="喜馬拉雅山" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5451#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Pegunungan_Himalaya" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Pegunungan_Himalaya" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&oldid=26756113" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Pegunungan_Himalaya&id=26756113&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang 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href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5451" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Sistem_koordinat_geografis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem koordinat geografis">Koordinat</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25917590">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pegunungan_Himalaya&language=id&params=27_59_N_86_55_E_region:IN_type:mountain_dim:1200km"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°59′N</span> <span class="longitude">86°55′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.983°N 86.917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">27.983; 86.917</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="line-height:normal; width:23.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Pegunungan Himalaya</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="nickname"><span title="Sanskerta-language text"><i lang="sa-Latn">Himālaya</i></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: sa is deprecated </span>  <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sanskerta" title="Bahasa Sanskerta">Sanskerta</a>)</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Himalayas_and_allied_ranges_NASA_Landsat_showing_the_eight_thousanders,_annotated_with_major_rivers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Himalayas_and_allied_ranges_NASA_Landsat_showing_the_eight_thousanders%2C_annotated_with_major_rivers.jpg/280px-Himalayas_and_allied_ranges_NASA_Landsat_showing_the_eight_thousanders%2C_annotated_with_major_rivers.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Himalayas_and_allied_ranges_NASA_Landsat_showing_the_eight_thousanders%2C_annotated_with_major_rivers.jpg/420px-Himalayas_and_allied_ranges_NASA_Landsat_showing_the_eight_thousanders%2C_annotated_with_major_rivers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Himalayas_and_allied_ranges_NASA_Landsat_showing_the_eight_thousanders%2C_annotated_with_major_rivers.jpg/560px-Himalayas_and_allied_ranges_NASA_Landsat_showing_the_eight_thousanders%2C_annotated_with_major_rivers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3464" data-file-height="2308" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding: 0.2em 0em;">Busur Himalaya (juga <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Kush" title="Hindu Kush">Hindu Kush</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Pegunungan_Karakoram" title="Pegunungan Karakoram">Pegunungan Karakoram</a>) menunjukkan <a href="/wiki/Delapan_ribuan" title="Delapan ribuan">puncak delapan ribuan</a> (merah); <a href="/wiki/Dataran_Rendah_Indo-Gangga" title="Dataran Rendah Indo-Gangga">Dataran Rendah Indo-Gangga</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dataran_tinggi_Tibet" title="Dataran tinggi Tibet">Dataran tinggi Tibet</a>; sungai <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Indus" title="Sungai Indus">Indus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gangga" class="mw-disambig" title="Gangga">Gangga</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Sungai Yarlung Tsangpo">Sungai Yarlung Tsangpo</a>-<a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmaputra">Brahmaputra</a>; dan dua jangkar jangkauan (berwarna kuning)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Titik tertinggi</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Puncak" class="mw-redirect" title="Puncak">Puncak</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;"><a href="/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest">Gunung Everest</a> (Tiongkok dan Nepal)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ketinggian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketinggian">Ketinggian</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;">8.848,86 m (29.031,7 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;">Koordinat</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25917590">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pegunungan_Himalaya&language=id&params=27_59_N_86_55_E_region:IN_type:mountain_dim:1200km"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°59′N</span> <span class="longitude">86°55′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.983°N 86.917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">27.983; 86.917</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Dimensi</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;">Panjang</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;">2.400 km (1.500 mi)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Geografi</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;"><div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Himalaya_annotated.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Himalaya_annotated.jpg/280px-Himalaya_annotated.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Himalaya_annotated.jpg/420px-Himalaya_annotated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Himalaya_annotated.jpg/560px-Himalaya_annotated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="662" /></a></span><div>Gunung Everest dan puncak sekitarnya seperti yang terlihat dari utara-barat laut di atas Dataran Tinggi Tibet. Empat delapan ribu dapat dilihat, Makalu (8.462 m), Everest (8.848 m), Kanchenjunga (8.586 m), dan Lhotse (8.516 m).</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;">Negara</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;"><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. Kedaulatan di wilayah <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> diperebutkan oleh Tiongkok, India, dan Pakistan.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Geologi</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Orogenesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Orogenesis">Orogenesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;"><a href="/wiki/Sabuk_alpide" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabuk alpide">Sabuk alpide</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Skala_waktu_geologi" title="Skala waktu geologi">Usia batuan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;"><a href="/wiki/Kapur_(periode)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapur (periode)">Periode Kapur</a>-ke-<a href="/wiki/Senozoikum" class="mw-redirect" title="Senozoikum">Senozoikum</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-bottom; white-space: nowrap;">Jenis batuan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding: 0.2em 0em; vertical-align:text-top;"><a href="/wiki/Batuan_metamorf" title="Batuan metamorf">Metamorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batuan_sedimen" title="Batuan sedimen">sedimen</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Himalaya</b> adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Pegunungan" title="Pegunungan">barisan pegunungan</a> di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, yang memisahkan <a href="/wiki/Anak_benua_India" title="Anak benua India">anak Benua India</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Dataran_tinggi_Tibet" title="Dataran tinggi Tibet">Dataran tinggi Tibet</a>. </p><p>Himalaya merupakan tempat <a href="/wiki/Gunung" title="Gunung">gunung</a>-gunung tertinggi di dunia, misalnya <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest">Gunung Everest</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kangchenjunga" title="Kangchenjunga">Kangchenjunga</a> berada. Secara <a href="/wiki/Etimologi" title="Etimologi">etimologi</a>, <i>Himalaya</i> berarti " tempat kediaman salju " dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sanskerta" title="Bahasa Sanskerta">bahasa Sanskerta</a> (dari <i>hima</i> "salju", dan <i>aalaya</i> "tempat kediaman"). </p><p>Himalaya memanjang sepanjang lima negara — <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>. Ia adalah sumber dua sistem <a href="/wiki/Sungai" title="Sungai">sungai</a> besar dunia — Sungai Indus dan Sungai Ganga-Brahmaputra. Sekitar 1,5 miliar orang tinggal di daerah sekitar aliran air dari Himalaya, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geologi">Geologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Geologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Geologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:India-Eurasia_collision.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/India-Eurasia_collision.gif/250px-India-Eurasia_collision.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/India-Eurasia_collision.gif/375px-India-Eurasia_collision.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/India-Eurasia_collision.gif 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Gerakan <a href="/wiki/Lempeng_India" title="Lempeng India">lempeng India</a> terhadap <a href="/wiki/Lempeng_Eurasia" title="Lempeng Eurasia">lempeng Eurasia</a> pada 50 juta tahun lalu, dan membentuk Pegunungan Himalaya</figcaption></figure> <p>Dalam catatan geologi, ada sebuah <a href="/wiki/Superbenua" title="Superbenua">Superbenua</a> bernama <a href="/wiki/Pangea" title="Pangea">Pangea</a>. Superbenua ini terpecah sekitar 180 juta tahun lalu dan membentuk 2 benua raksasa (<a href="/wiki/Laurasia" title="Laurasia">Laurasia</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Gondwana" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a>). Gondwana salah satu benua pecahan Pangea mulai terpecah sekitar 200 - 160 juta tahun lalu sehingga terpecah menjadi <a href="/wiki/Antartika" class="mw-redirect" title="Antartika">Antartika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia_(benua)" title="Australia (benua)">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Selatan" title="Amerika Selatan">Amerika Selatan</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Anak_benua_India_(wilayah/benua)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anak benua India (wilayah/benua)">Anak Benua India</a>. Salah satu benua pecahannya Anak Benua India berpisah dari benua raksasa tersebut sekitar 110 juta tahun yang lalu dan mulai bergerak ke utara mengarah ke <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a>, kemudian bertabrakan dengan Eurasia sekitar 55 juta tahun lalu. Peristiwa ini menyebabkan tabrakan yang sangat kuat. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Lempeng_India" title="Lempeng India">Lempeng India</a> yang menggerakannya sangat menekan ke <a href="/wiki/Lempeng_Eurasia" title="Lempeng Eurasia">Lempeng Eurasia</a>. Tubrukan ini menyebabkan terbentuknya Pegunungan Himalaya. Ketinggian Pegunungan ini semakin tinggi terus meninggi seiring dengan tabrakan India dan <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> sejak 55 juta tahun yang lalu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Geografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barisan Himalaya mempunyai panjang sekitar 2400 km, dari <a href="/wiki/Nanga_Parbat" title="Nanga Parbat">Nanga Parbat</a> di barat hingga Namche Barwa di timur. Lebarnya bervariasi antara 250–300 km. Himalaya terdiri dari tiga barisan paralel, diatur menurut ketinggian dan usia secara geologis. Pegunungan Himalaya merupakan produk dari lempeng tektonik yang menarik. Tumbukan antar lempeng benua atau yang disebut dengan kolisi akan menghasilkan pegunungan tinggi non vulkanik, seperti pegunungan Himalaya ini. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:908px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Langtang_range_(64).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pemandangan Panorama sekitar puncak Langtang di Nepal."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Langtang_range_%2864%29.JPG/900px-Langtang_range_%2864%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="900" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Langtang_range_%2864%29.JPG/1350px-Langtang_range_%2864%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Langtang_range_%2864%29.JPG/1800px-Langtang_range_%2864%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5376" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Langtang_range_(64).JPG" title="Berkas:Langtang range (64).JPG"> </a></div>Pemandangan Panorama sekitar puncak Langtang di <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>.</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekologi">Ekologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Ekologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ekologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Ekologi_Himalaya" title="Ekologi Himalaya">Ekologi Himalaya</a></div> <p>Ekologi Pegunungan Himalaya bervariasi tergantung iklim, curah hujan, ketinggian, dan tanah di suatu daerah tertentu. Iklim di Himalaya berkisar dari iklim tropis di kaki pegunungan hingga lapisan es permanen dan salju di ketinggian tertinggi. Jumlah curah hujan tahunan meningkat dari barat ke timur sepanjang bagian selatan. Keragaman iklim, ketinggian tempat, curah hujan, dan kondisi tanah di Himalaya mendukung keberagaman spesies tanaman dan hewan, seperti ngengat <i>Plutodes flavescens</i>, yang tersebar di Himalaya Timur.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hidrologi">Hidrologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Hidrologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hidrologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Daerah_Aliran_Sungai">Daerah Aliran Sungai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Daerah Aliran Sungai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Daerah Aliran Sungai"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sejumlah sungai bersumber dan melewati Pegunungan Himalaya.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setidaknya ada dua sistem sungai utama, yakni: </p> <ul><li>DAS Indus: <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Indus" title="Sungai Indus">Sungai Indus</a> membentuk batas utara dan barat Pegunungan Himalaya. Dimulai di Tibet, di pertemuan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sungai_Sengge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sungai Sengge (halaman belum tersedia)">sungai Sengge</a> dan Gar, dan mengalir ke barat laut melalui India, Pakistan, hingga bermuara di <a href="/wiki/Laut_Arab" title="Laut Arab">Laut Arab</a>. Sistem sungai ini terdiri dari beberapa anak sungai utama yang mengalir di lereng selatan Himalaya, termasuk lima sungai di <a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a>, yakni <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Jhelum" title="Sungai Jhelum">sungai Jhelum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Chenab" title="Sungai Chenab">Chenab</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sungai_Ravi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sungai Ravi (halaman belum tersedia)">Ravi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Beas" title="Sungai Beas">Beas</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sungai_Sutlej&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sungai Sutlej (halaman belum tersedia)">Sutlej</a>.</li> <li>DAS Gangga-Brahmaputra: Sungai utamanya adalah <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Gangga" title="Sungai Gangga">sungai Gangga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Brahmaputra" title="Sungai Brahmaputra">Brahmaputra</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Yamuna" title="Sungai Yamuna">Yamuna</a>, serta anak-anak sungai lainnya. Brahmaputra berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Sungai Yarlung Tsangpo">sungai Yarlung Tsangpo</a> di Tibet barat, dan mengalir ke timur melalui Tibet dan barat melalui <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>. Sungai Gangga dan Brahmaputra bertemu di <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> dan mengalir ke <a href="/wiki/Teluk_Benggala" title="Teluk Benggala">Teluk Benggala</a> melalui delta sungai terbesar di dunia, <a href="/wiki/Sundarban" title="Sundarban">Sundarban</a>.</li></ul> <p>Sungai-sungai ini merupakan sumber air minum dan irigasi bagi sekitar 1,5 miliar orang. DAS ini juga menghasilkan <a href="/wiki/Pembangkit_listrik_tenaga_air" title="Pembangkit listrik tenaga air">pembangkit listrik tenaga air</a> dan berpengaruh pada budaya, perekonomian, dan ekologi setempat. Air permukaan DAS ini dan air tanah terkait merupakan sumber daya strategis bagi banyak negara di Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gletser">Gletser</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Gletser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Gletser"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Daratan Asia Tengah, termasuk Himalaya, memiliki deposit es dan salju terbesar ketiga di dunia setelah benua <a href="/wiki/Antarktika" title="Antarktika">Antartika</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Arktik" title="Arktik">Arktik</a>. Gletser Himalaya sering disebut sebagai "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutub_Ketiga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutub Ketiga (halaman belum tersedia)">Kutub Ketiga</a>" karena menjadi sumber bagi sungai-sungai besar di Asia dan menopang kehidupan milyaran manusia. Hampir 2 miliar orang bergantung pada air yang bersumber dari gletser Himalaya. Gletsernya meliputi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gangotri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gangotri (halaman belum tersedia)">Gangotri</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamunotri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamunotri (halaman belum tersedia)">Yamunotri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>), Khumbu (<a href="/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest">Gunung Everest</a>), Langtang (Langtang), dan Zemu (<a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a>). Lelehan gletser Himalaya menjadi sumber air tawar terbesar untuk India Utara dan berkontribusi pada lebih dari separuh volume sungai Gangga. Air sungai Indus, Brahmaputra, <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Mekong" title="Sungai Mekong">Mekong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irrawaddy" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Irrawaddy">Irrawady</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Kuning" title="Sungai Kuning">Kuning</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Panjang" title="Sungai Panjang">Yangtze</a> juga bersumber dari gletser Himalaya.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dampak_perubahan_iklim">Dampak perubahan iklim</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Dampak perubahan iklim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dampak perubahan iklim"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pegunungan Himalaya merupakan salah satu wilayah yang paling rentan terhadap <a href="/wiki/Perubahan_iklim" title="Perubahan iklim">perubahan iklim</a>. Beberapa dampak perubahan iklim telah terlihat sekarang, seperti hujan yang tak menentu, berkurangnya salju, <a href="/wiki/Banjir" title="Banjir">banjir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekeringan" title="Kekeringan">kekeringan</a> di musim panas, kelangkaan air bersih, pergeseran spesies tumbuhan ke lereng lebih tinggi, perubahan pertumbuhan dan periode berbuah dan berbunga, hingga ancaman bagi keberlangsungan hidup miliaran orang. </p><p>Perubahan iklim memengaruhi salju Himalaya melalui penipisan timbunan salju dan kenaikan suhu yang menyebabkan salju dan es meleleh hingga hilangnya gletser. Gletser Himalaya merupakah indikator sensitif perubahan iklim; rentannya gletser Himalaya karena gletser ini adalah tipe akumulasi musim panas di mana akumulasi dan ablasi maksimal terjadi pada musim panas.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menurut laporan <a href="/wiki/Panel_Antarpemerintah_tentang_Perubahan_Iklim" title="Panel Antarpemerintah tentang Perubahan Iklim">IPCC</a>, gletser di Himalaya mengalami laju penyusutan yang paling cepat dibanding belahan bumi lainnya. IPCC memprediksi gletser Himalaya akan menghilang dan keseluruhan area Himalaya akan menyusut dari 193.051 mil persegi menjadi hanya 38.000 mil persegi pada 2035, bahkan bisa lebih cepat jika suhu bumi semakin meningkat. <sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Berdasarkan penelitian lembaga RSFTE pada 2009 di 165 desa di Uttarakhand, sekitar 35% tanaman <a href="/wiki/Musim_semi" title="Musim semi">musim semi</a> sepenuhnya mati dan pelepasan air berkurang hingga 90%. Sekitar 50-60% desa bergantung pada pipa-pida persediaan air dan di sebagian besar kasus terjadi kelangkaan air. Para penduduk desa, terutama perempuan, terpaksa berjalan kaki untuk mengambil air bersih untuk minum dan hewan ternak mereka. Krisis air minum ini terjadi hampir merata di semua desa dan kota di wilayah Utara India dan diperkirakan akan semakin parah. </p><p>Di sisi lain, suhu dataran tinggi Ladakh meningkat hingga 10°C selama tiga puluh lima tahun terakhir. Hujan lebat semakin sering terjadi sehingga mengakibatkan banjir, menenggelamkan rumah-rumah, tanah pertanian, dan ternak. Penduduk Ladakh yang selama ini bergantung pada air lelehan salju dan gletser, kini harus menggali sumur untuk air bersih dan irigasi. Krisis air di Ladakh juga diperparah dengan keberadaan hotel-hotel yang menggali sumur bor sehingga menyebabkan penurunan air tanah dan membuang limbah secara sembarangan sehingga mengotori sumber air minum penduduk lokal.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jalan_gunung">Jalan gunung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Jalan gunung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Jalan gunung"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Yumthangnorth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Yumthangnorth.jpg/220px-Yumthangnorth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Yumthangnorth.jpg/330px-Yumthangnorth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Yumthangnorth.jpg/440px-Yumthangnorth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="223" /></a><figcaption>Barisan Himalaya di Yumesongdong di <a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a>, di lembang Sungai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yumthang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yumthang (halaman belum tersedia)">Yumthang</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>"Terrain" yang kasar berarti hanya ada sedikit rute yang melintasi Himalaya. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gangtok" title="Gangtok">Gangtok</a> di <a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a> ke <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a> di <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Celah_Nathula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Celah Nathula (halaman belum tersedia)">Celah Nathula</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Celah_Jelepla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Celah Jelepla (halaman belum tersedia)">Celah Jelepla</a> (salah satu daerah <a href="/wiki/Jalur_Sutra" title="Jalur Sutra">Jalur Sutra</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhadgaon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhadgaon (halaman belum tersedia)">Bhadgaon</a> di <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> ke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyalam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyalam (halaman belum tersedia)">Nyalam</a> di <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohtang_Pass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohtang Pass (halaman belum tersedia)">Rohtang Pass</a> di <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li>Jalan dari <a href="/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a> di <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> melalui <a href="/wiki/Leh" title="Leh">Leh</a> ke <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> sekarang jarang digunakan karena masalah di wilayah tersebut.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Puncak-puncak_penting">Puncak-puncak penting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Puncak-puncak penting" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Puncak-puncak penting"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="1" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nama puncak</th> <th>Ketinggian (m) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest">Everest</a></td> <td>8.850 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dapsang" class="mw-redirect" title="Dapsang">Dapsang</a></td> <td>8.611 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kangchenjunga" title="Kangchenjunga">Kangchenjunga</a></td> <td>8.586 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lhotse" title="Lhotse">Lhotse</a></td> <td>8.501 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Makalu" title="Makalu">Makalu</a></td> <td>8.462 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cho_Oyu" title="Cho Oyu">Cho Oyu</a></td> <td>8.201 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dhaulagiri" title="Dhaulagiri">Dhaulagiri</a></td> <td>8.167 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manaslu" title="Manaslu">Manaslu</a></td> <td>8.163 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanga_Parbat" title="Nanga Parbat">Nanga Parbat</a></td> <td>8.126 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Annapurna" title="Annapurna">Annapurna</a></td> <td>8.091 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gasherbrum_I" title="Gasherbrum I">Gasherbrum I</a></td> <td>8.068 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puncak_Broad" title="Puncak Broad">Broad Peak</a></td> <td>8.047 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gasherbrum_II" title="Gasherbrum II">Gasherbrum II</a></td> <td>8.035 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shishapangma" title="Shishapangma">Shishapangma</a></td> <td>8.027 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyachung_Kang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyachung Kang (halaman belum tersedia)">Gyachung Kang</a></td> <td>7.922 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanda_Devi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanda Devi (halaman belum tersedia)">Nanda Devi</a></td> <td>7.817 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabru (halaman belum tersedia)">Kabru</a></td> <td>7.338 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pumori" title="Pumori">Pumori</a></td> <td>7.161 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ama_Dablam" title="Ama Dablam">Ama Dablam</a></td> <td>6.812 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dampak_terhadap_politik_dan_budaya">Dampak terhadap politik dan budaya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Dampak terhadap politik dan budaya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dampak terhadap politik dan budaya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Pheriche,_Terraces,_Nepal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Pheriche%2C_Terraces%2C_Nepal.jpg/220px-Pheriche%2C_Terraces%2C_Nepal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Pheriche%2C_Terraces%2C_Nepal.jpg/330px-Pheriche%2C_Terraces%2C_Nepal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Pheriche%2C_Terraces%2C_Nepal.jpg/440px-Pheriche%2C_Terraces%2C_Nepal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2688" /></a><figcaption>Gudang di pegunungan seperti ini digunakan oleh masyarakat pedesaan sebagai perlindungan untuk ternak mereka setelah mengembalakannya di lokasi paling tinggi yang dapat dicapai.</figcaption></figure> <p>Himalaya karena ukurannya yang besar dan luas, telah menjadi sebuah rintangan alam yang besar bagi manusia sejak zaman dahulu. Terutama, pencegahan hubungan antara orang dari <a href="/wiki/Sub-benua_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-benua India">sub-benua India</a> dengan orang dari <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>, menyebabkan bahasa yang sangat berbeda dan budaya dari wilayah tersebut. </p><p>Himalaya juga telah mencegah rute perdagangan dan ekspedisi militer melaluinya. Contohnya, <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a> tidak dapat memperluas kekaisarannya ke selatan Himalaya menuju sub-benua India tersebut. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gambar">Gambar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Gambar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Gambar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <center><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 489px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gunung Everest bagian Utara dilihat dari Rongbuk di Tibet"><img alt="Gunung Everest bagian Utara dilihat dari Rongbuk di Tibet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg/120px-Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg/180px-Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg/240px-Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="864" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gunung Everest bagian Utara dilihat dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rongbuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rongbuk (halaman belum tersedia)">Rongbuk</a> di <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Northern_Areas_38b_commons.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nanga Parbat, Pakistan"><img alt="Nanga Parbat, Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Northern_Areas_38b_commons.jpg/120px-Northern_Areas_38b_commons.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Northern_Areas_38b_commons.jpg/180px-Northern_Areas_38b_commons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Northern_Areas_38b_commons.jpg/240px-Northern_Areas_38b_commons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1265" data-file-height="581" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nanga_Parbat" title="Nanga Parbat">Nanga Parbat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Sunrise,_Manaslu.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Manaslu"><img alt="Manaslu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sunrise%2C_Manaslu.jpg/120px-Sunrise%2C_Manaslu.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sunrise%2C_Manaslu.jpg/180px-Sunrise%2C_Manaslu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sunrise%2C_Manaslu.jpg/240px-Sunrise%2C_Manaslu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1063" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Manaslu" title="Manaslu">Manaslu</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Sunset_om_Kangchengyao_in_North_Sikkim.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sikkim bagian utara, Kangchengyao, India"><img alt="Sikkim bagian utara, Kangchengyao, India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Sunset_om_Kangchengyao_in_North_Sikkim.jpg/120px-Sunset_om_Kangchengyao_in_North_Sikkim.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Sunset_om_Kangchengyao_in_North_Sikkim.jpg/180px-Sunset_om_Kangchengyao_in_North_Sikkim.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Sunset_om_Kangchengyao_in_North_Sikkim.jpg/240px-Sunset_om_Kangchengyao_in_North_Sikkim.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="805" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a> bagian utara, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangchengyao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kangchengyao (halaman belum tersedia)">Kangchengyao</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div> </li> </ul></center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">National Research Council (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog/13449"><i>Himalayan Glaciers: Climate Change, Water Resources, and Water Security</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17226%2F13449">10.17226/13449</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-309-26098-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-309-26098-5">978-0-309-26098-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Himalayan+Glaciers%3A+Climate+Change%2C+Water+Resources%2C+and+Water+Security&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17226%2F13449&rft.isbn=978-0-309-26098-5&rft.au=National+Research+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nap.edu%2Fcatalog%2F13449&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APegunungan+Himalaya" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120924034854/http://www.mothsofborneo.com/part-11/plutodini/plutodini_1_5.php">"The Moths of Borneo"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mothsofborneo.com/part-11/plutodini/plutodini_1_5.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 2012-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2016-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Moths+of+Borneo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mothsofborneo.com%2Fpart-11%2Fplutodini%2Fplutodini_1_5.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APegunungan+Himalaya" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Shiva, Vandana (2023). <i>Berdamai dengan Bumi: Kejahatan Korporasi dan Masa Depan Sumber Daya, Tanah & Pangan</i>. Diterjemahkan oleh Sari, Kumala. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Independen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Berdamai+dengan+Bumi%3A+Kejahatan+Korporasi+dan+Masa+Depan+Sumber+Daya%2C+Tanah+%26+Pangan&rft.place=Yogyakarta&rft.pub=Penerbit+Independen&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Shiva&rft.aufirst=Vandana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APegunungan+Himalaya" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_lebih_lanjut">Bacaan lebih lanjut</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegunungan_Himalaya&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_McKay_Aitken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William McKay Aitken (halaman belum tersedia)">Aitken, Bill</a>, <i>Footloose in the Himalaya</i>, Delhi, Permanent Black, 2003. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/81-7824-052-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/81-7824-052-1">81-7824-052-1</a></li> <li>Berreman, Gerald Duane, <i>Hindus of the Himalayas: Ethnography and Change</i>, 2nd rev. ed., Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1997.</li> <li>Bisht, Ramesh Chandra, <i>Encyclopedia of the Himalayas</i>, New Delhi, Mittal Publications, c2008.</li> <li><i>Everest</i>, the IMAX movie (1998). <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7888-1493-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7888-1493-1">0-7888-1493-1</a></li> <li>Fisher, James F., <i>Sherpas: Reflections on Change in Himalayan Nepal</i>, 1990. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1990. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-520-06941-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-520-06941-2">0-520-06941-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Augusto_Gansser-Biaggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Augusto Gansser-Biaggi (halaman belum tersedia)">Gansser, Augusto</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Gruschke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Gruschke (halaman belum tersedia)">Gruschke, Andreas</a>, Olschak, Blanche C., <i>Himalayas. Growing Mountains, Living Myths, Migrating Peoples</i>, New York, Oxford: Facts On File, 1987. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8160-1994-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8160-1994-0">0-8160-1994-0</a> and New Delhi: Bookwise, 1987.</li> <li>Gupta, Raj Kumar, <i>Bibliography of the Himalayas</i>, Gurgaon, Indian Documentation Service, 1981</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hunt,_Baron_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hunt, Baron Hunt (halaman belum tersedia)">Hunt, John</a>, <i>Ascent of Everest</i>, London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1956. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-89886-361-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-89886-361-9">0-89886-361-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Isserman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice Isserman (halaman belum tersedia)">Isserman, Maurice</a> and Weaver, Stewart, <i>Fallen Giants: The History of Himalayan Mountaineering from the Age of Empire to the Age of Extremes</i>. Yale University Press, 2008. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-300-11501-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-300-11501-7">978-0-300-11501-7</a></li> <li>Ives, Jack D. and Messerli, Bruno, <i>The Himalayan Dilemma: Reconciling Development and Conservation</i>. London / New York, Routledge, 1989. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-415-01157-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-415-01157-4">0-415-01157-4</a></li> <li>Lall, J.S. (ed.) in association with Moddie, A.D., <i>The Himalaya, Aspects of Change</i>. Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1981. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-19-561254-X" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-19-561254-X">0-19-561254-X</a></li> <li>Nandy, S.N., Dhyani, P.P. and Samal, P.K., <i>Resource Information Database of the Indian Himalaya</i>, Almora, GBPIHED, 2006.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palin" title="Michael Palin">Palin, Michael</a>, <i>Himalaya</i>, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson Illustrated, 2004. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-297-84371-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-297-84371-0">0-297-84371-0</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swami_Sundaranand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swami Sundaranand (halaman belum tersedia)">Swami Sundaranand</a>, <i>Himalaya: Through the Lens of a Sadhu</i>. Published by Tapovan Kuti Prakashan (2001). <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/81-901326-0-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/81-901326-0-1">81-901326-0-1</a></li> <li>Swami <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tapovan_Maharaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tapovan Maharaj (halaman belum tersedia)">Tapovan Maharaj</a>, <i>Wanderings in the Himalayas</i>, English Edition, Madras, Chinmaya Publication Trust, 1960. Translated by T.N. Kesava Pillai.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Tilman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Tilman (halaman belum tersedia)">Tilman, H. W.</a>, <i>Mount Everest, 1938</i>, Cambridge University Press, 1948.</li> <li>'The Mighty Himalaya: A Fragile Heritage,’ <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic Magazine">National Geographic</a>, 174:624–631 (November 1988).</li> <li>Turner, Bethan, et al. <i>Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010: Himalaya and Vicinity</i>. Denver, United States Geological Survey, 2013.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX451565">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119795732">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119795732">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=30162">Ukraina</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85060851">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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