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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Historical leather material for various uses</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Case_for_a_Book_MET_sf51-117s2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Case_for_a_Book_MET_sf51-117s2.jpg/220px-Case_for_a_Book_MET_sf51-117s2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Case_for_a_Book_MET_sf51-117s2.jpg/330px-Case_for_a_Book_MET_sf51-117s2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Case_for_a_Book_MET_sf51-117s2.jpg/440px-Case_for_a_Book_MET_sf51-117s2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1767" data-file-height="2362" /></a><figcaption>Case for a book, with fittings for a carrying-cord, 15th century. The coat of arms (on the other side) suggests it was made for a bishop.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Boiled leather</b>, often referred to by its French translation, <b>cuir bouilli</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[kɥiʁ<span class="wrap"> </span>buji]</a></span>), was a historical material common in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and <a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Modern Period">Early Modern Period</a> and used for various purposes. It was leather that had been treated so that it became tough and rigid, as well as able to hold moulded decoration. It was the usual material for the robust carrying-cases that were made for important pieces of metalwork, instruments such as <a href="/wiki/Astrolabe" title="Astrolabe">astrolabes</a>, personal sets of cutlery, books, pens and the like.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was used for some <a href="/wiki/Armour" title="Armour">armour</a>, being both much cheaper and much lighter than <a href="/wiki/Plate_armour" title="Plate armour">plate armour</a>, but could not withstand a direct blow from a blade, nor a gunshot.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alternative names are "moulded leather" and "hardened leather". In the course of making the material it becomes very soft, and can be impressed into a <a href="/wiki/Moulding_(process)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moulding (process)">mould</a> to give it the desired shape and decoration, which most surviving examples have. Pieces such as chests and coffers also usually have a wooden inner core.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various recipes for making cuir bouilli survive, and do not agree with each other; probably there were a range of recipes, partly reflecting different final uses. <a href="/wiki/Tanning_(leather)#Vegetable_tanning" title="Tanning (leather)">Vegetable-tanned</a> leather is generally specified. Scholars have debated the subject at length and attempted to recreate the historical material. Many, but not all, sources agree that the process involved immersion of the leather in water, but not actual boiling.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_use">Military use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boiled_leather&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Military use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2_Pickelhauben_(1860).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/2_Pickelhauben_%281860%29.jpg/220px-2_Pickelhauben_%281860%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/2_Pickelhauben_%281860%29.jpg/330px-2_Pickelhauben_%281860%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/2_Pickelhauben_%281860%29.jpg/440px-2_Pickelhauben_%281860%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="937" data-file-height="695" /></a><figcaption>German <a href="/wiki/Pickelhaube" title="Pickelhaube">pickelhaube</a>, c. 1860</figcaption></figure> <p>Cuir bouilli was used for cheap and light armour, although it was much less effective than plate armour, which was extremely expensive and too heavy for much to be worn by infantry (as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knights</a> fighting on horseback)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Plate armour averaged around 25kg, both for infantry and cavalry armour. There is no evidence to suggest that plate armour was too heavy or expensive to be worn by infantry, as we have plenty of written and drawn evidence of men-at-arms fighting dismounted in plate armour. Plate armour was not particularly expensive, as the invention of blast furnaces and water-powered hammers significantly reduced costs, aiding the rapid transition to plate. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. However, cuir bouilli could be reinforced against slashing blows by the addition of metal bands or strips, especially in helmets. Modern experiments on simple cuir bouilli have shown that it can reduce the depth of an arrow wound considerably, especially if coated with a crushed mineral facing mixed with glue, as one medieval Arab author recommended.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, "armour based on hide has the unique advantage that it can, in extremis, provide some nutrition" when actually boiled. <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a> records that the Jewish defenders in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(70_CE)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)">Siege of Jerusalem in AD 70</a> were reduced to eating their shields and other leather kit, as was the Spanish expedition of <a href="/wiki/Tristan_de_Luna" class="mw-redirect" title="Tristan de Luna">Tristan de Luna</a> in 1559.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crupper_Plate_MET_DP108778.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Crupper_Plate_MET_DP108778.jpg/220px-Crupper_Plate_MET_DP108778.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Crupper_Plate_MET_DP108778.jpg/330px-Crupper_Plate_MET_DP108778.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Crupper_Plate_MET_DP108778.jpg/440px-Crupper_Plate_MET_DP108778.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Crupper plate for <a href="/wiki/Horse_armour" class="mw-redirect" title="Horse armour">horse armour</a>, 16th century, north Europe</figcaption></figure> <p>Versions of cuir bouilli were used since ancient times, especially for shields, in many parts of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although in general leather does not survive long burial, and excavated archaeological evidence for it is rare, an Irish shield of cuir bouilli with wooden formers, deposited in a <a href="/wiki/Peat_bog" class="mw-redirect" title="Peat bog">peat bog</a>, has survived for some 2,500 years.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was commonly used in the Western world for <a href="/wiki/Helmet" title="Helmet">helmets</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Pickelhaube" title="Pickelhaube">pickelhaube</a>, the standard German helmet, was not replaced by a steel <a href="/wiki/Stahlhelm" title="Stahlhelm">stahlhelm</a> until 1916, in the midst of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As leather does not conduct heat the way metal does, firemen continued to use boiled leather helmets until World War II, and the invention of strong <a href="/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic">plastics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The word <a href="/wiki/Cuirass" title="Cuirass">cuirass</a> for a breastplate indicates that these were originally made of leather.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Late_Middle_Ages" title="Late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a>, the heyday of plate armour, cuir bouilli continued to be used even by the rich for <a href="/wiki/Horse_armour" class="mw-redirect" title="Horse armour">horse armour</a> and often for <a href="/wiki/Tournament" title="Tournament">tournament</a> armour,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as by ordinary infantry soldiers. Tournaments were increasingly regulated in order to reduce the risk to life, and in 1278 <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I of England</a> organized one in <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Great_Park" title="Windsor Great Park">Windsor Great Park</a> at which cuir bouilli armour was worn, and the king provided swords made of <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">whale</a> bone and <a href="/wiki/Parchment" title="Parchment">parchment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Traiciti%C3%A9_de_la_forme_et_devis_comme_on_fait_les_tournoys_BNF_Fr._2695_f27v_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Traiciti%C3%A9_de_la_forme_et_devis_comme_on_fait_les_tournoys_BNF_Fr._2695_f27v_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Traiciti%C3%A9_de_la_forme_et_devis_comme_on_fait_les_tournoys_BNF_Fr._2695_f27v_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Traiciti%C3%A9_de_la_forme_et_devis_comme_on_fait_les_tournoys_BNF_Fr._2695_f27v_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Traiciti%C3%A9_de_la_forme_et_devis_comme_on_fait_les_tournoys_BNF_Fr._2695_f27v_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Traiciti%C3%A9_de_la_forme_et_devis_comme_on_fait_les_tournoys_BNF_Fr._2695_f27v_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Traiciti%C3%A9_de_la_forme_et_devis_comme_on_fait_les_tournoys_BNF_Fr._2695_f27v_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3215" data-file-height="1679" /></a><figcaption>Design for cuir bouilli armour for tournaments, from <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Livre_des_tournois" title="Le Livre des tournois">Le Livre des tournois</a></i>, 1460s</figcaption></figure> <p>The account of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Agincourt" title="Battle of Agincourt">Battle of Agincourt</a> in 1415 by <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Wavrin" title="Jean de Wavrin">Jean de Wavrin</a>, who was present on the French side, describes the crucial force of English <a href="/wiki/Longbow" title="Longbow">longbowmen</a> as having on their heads either cuir bouilli helmets, or <a href="/wiki/Wicker" title="Wicker">wicker</a> with iron strips, or nothing (the last, he says, were also barefoot).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A few pieces of Roman horse armour in cuir bouilli have been excavated. Evidence from documents such as inventories show that it was common in the late Middle Ages and Renaissance, and used by the highest ranks, but survivals are very few.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1547 the Master of Armoury in the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a> ordered 46 sets of bards and crinets in preparation for the final invasion of Scotland in the war known as the <a href="/wiki/Rough_Wooing" title="Rough Wooing">Rough Wooing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September that year the English cavalry were crucial in the decisive victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pinkie_Cleugh" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Pinkie Cleugh">Battle of Pinkie Cleugh</a>. The German <a href="/wiki/Count_Palatine_of_the_Rhine" class="mw-redirect" title="Count Palatine of the Rhine">Count Palatine of the Rhine</a> had six sets of cuir bouilli horse armour for his and his family's use in the 16th century. Often the shaffron for the horse's head would be in steel, though leather ones are also known.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cuir bouilli was also very common for <a href="/wiki/Scabbard" title="Scabbard">scabbards</a>. However surviving specimens of leather armour are rare, more so than the various types of civilian containers. It is believed that many leather pieces are depicted in sculpted <a href="/wiki/Tomb_monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb monument">tomb monuments</a>, where they are more highly decorated than metal pieces would have been.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cuir bouilli was also often used for elaborate figurative crests on some helmets. </p><p>The material is mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Froissart%27s_Chronicles" title="Froissart's Chronicles">Froissart's <i>Chronicles of the Hundred Years' War</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucer" title="Geoffrey Chaucer">Geoffrey Chaucer</a>, in his <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Tales" class="mw-redirect" title="Canterbury Tales">Canterbury Tales</a>, written in the late 1300s, says of the knight <a href="/wiki/Sir_Thopas" title="Sir Thopas">Sir Thopas</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157697682">.mw-parser-output .verse_translation .translated{padding-left:2em!important}@media only screen and (max-width:43.75em){.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small td{display:block;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small .translated{padding-left:0.5em!important}}</style> <table role="presentation" class="verse_translation" style="margin-left:1em !important"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"> <td><div style="font-style:roman;text-align:left" lang="" class="poem"> <p>Hise jambeux were of quyrboilly,<br /> His swerdes shethe of yvory,<br /> His helm of laton bright,<br /> His sadel was of rewel-boon,<br /> His brydel as the sonne shoon,<br /> Or as the moone light. </p> </div> </td> <td class="translated"><div style="font-style:roman;text-align:left" lang="" class="poem"> <p>His jambeaux were of cuir-bouilli,<br /> His sword sheath was of ivory,<br /> His helm of <a href="/wiki/Latten" title="Latten">latten</a> bright,<br /> His saddle was of rewel bone,<br /> And as the sun his bridle shone,<br /> Or as the full moonlight. </p> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>(Note: <i>jambeaux</i> are <a href="/wiki/Greave" title="Greave">greaves</a> – shin armour). </p><p>The large decorative crests that came to top some helmets in the late Middle Ages were often made of cuir bouilli, as is the famous example belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Black_Prince" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Prince">Black Prince</a> and hung with other "achievements" over his tomb in <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His wooden shield also has the heraldic animals appliqued in cuir bouilli.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_of_other_uses">Examples of other uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boiled_leather&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples of other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As well as the crests on helmets described above, cuir bouilli was probably used sculpturally in various contexts, over a wood or plaster framework where necessary. When <a href="/wiki/Henry_V_of_England" title="Henry V of England">Henry V of England</a> died in France, his effigy in cuir bouilli was placed on top of his coffin for the journey back to England.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A near life-size <a href="/wiki/Crucifix" title="Crucifix">crucifix</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a> is in cuir bouilli over wood. This is of special interest to art historians because it was made in 1540 as a replica of a crucifix in silver presented by <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> some 740 years before; an object of great interest as possibly the first of the long line of monumental crucifixes in Western art. In 1540, the original silver was melted down for church plate to replace that looted in the <a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Rome_(1527)" title="Sack of Rome (1527)">Sack of Rome</a> in 1527. It seems likely that the leather was moulded directly from the original and it is possible that the wooden core underneath is actually the Carolingian original, with the leather replacing the sheets of silver originally fitted over the wood.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cuir bouilli has also been employed to <a href="/wiki/Bookbinding" title="Bookbinding">bind books</a>, mainly between the 9th and 14th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other uses include high boots for especially tough use, which were called "<a href="/wiki/Postillion" class="mw-redirect" title="Postillion">postillion</a>'s boots" in England.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another use was for large bottles or jugs called "blackjacks", "bombards", or "costerns". There is an English reference to these from 1373.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portable_Reliquary_Case_MET_sf1984-24-2s4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portable Reliquary Case, French, c. 1400, 12.6 cm long"><img alt="Portable Reliquary Case, French, c. 1400, 12.6 cm long" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Portable_Reliquary_Case_MET_sf1984-24-2s4.jpg/200px-Portable_Reliquary_Case_MET_sf1984-24-2s4.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Portable_Reliquary_Case_MET_sf1984-24-2s4.jpg/300px-Portable_Reliquary_Case_MET_sf1984-24-2s4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Portable_Reliquary_Case_MET_sf1984-24-2s4.jpg/400px-Portable_Reliquary_Case_MET_sf1984-24-2s4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2454" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Portable Reliquary Case, French, c. 1400, 12.6 cm long </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Box_MET_sf56-150abs3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Late 15th-century box, 4 x 12 x 7.4 cm, Italian. The interior is painted."><img alt="Late 15th-century box, 4 x 12 x 7.4 cm, Italian. The interior is painted." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Box_MET_sf56-150abs3.jpg/200px-Box_MET_sf56-150abs3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Box_MET_sf56-150abs3.jpg/300px-Box_MET_sf56-150abs3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Box_MET_sf56-150abs3.jpg/400px-Box_MET_sf56-150abs3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1690" data-file-height="1399" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Late 15th-century box, 4 x 12 x 7.4 cm, Italian. The interior is painted.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Box_MET_sf49-61-1abs1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Box, probably for ink powder, 15th-century Italian, textile interior and wood core"><img alt="Box, probably for ink powder, 15th-century Italian, textile interior and wood core" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Box_MET_sf49-61-1abs1.jpg/168px-Box_MET_sf49-61-1abs1.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Box_MET_sf49-61-1abs1.jpg/252px-Box_MET_sf49-61-1abs1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Box_MET_sf49-61-1abs1.jpg/336px-Box_MET_sf49-61-1abs1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1890" data-file-height="2251" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Box, probably for ink powder, 15th-century Italian, textile interior and wood core</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_Box_MET_sf52-131abs1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Book case, 15th-century Italian"><img alt="Book case, 15th-century Italian" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Book_Box_MET_sf52-131abs1.jpg/190px-Book_Box_MET_sf52-131abs1.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Book_Box_MET_sf52-131abs1.jpg/286px-Book_Box_MET_sf52-131abs1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Book_Box_MET_sf52-131abs1.jpg/381px-Book_Box_MET_sf52-131abs1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1825" data-file-height="1916" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Book case, 15th-century Italian</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Case_(%C3%A9tui)_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1s3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Etui "with an amorous inscription", 1450–1500, Italian, 21 cm long"><img alt="Etui "with an amorous inscription", 1450–1500, Italian, 21 cm long" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1s3.jpg/200px-Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1s3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1s3.jpg/300px-Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1s3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1s3.jpg/400px-Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1s3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Etui" class="mw-redirect" title="Etui">Etui</a> "with an amorous inscription", 1450–1500, Italian, 21 cm long</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Case_(%C3%A9tui)_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1d1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Detail of last. This piece has a wooden core."><img alt="Detail of last. This piece has a wooden core." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1d1.jpg/200px-Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1d1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1d1.jpg/300px-Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1d1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1d1.jpg/400px-Case_%28%C3%A9tui%29_with_an_amorous_inscription_MET_sf50-53-1d1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Detail of last. This piece has a wooden core.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pechelbronn-Mus%C3%A9e_du_P%C3%A9trole_(17).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="French miner's hat, after 1840"><img alt="French miner's hat, after 1840" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Pechelbronn-Mus%C3%A9e_du_P%C3%A9trole_%2817%29.jpg/200px-Pechelbronn-Mus%C3%A9e_du_P%C3%A9trole_%2817%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Pechelbronn-Mus%C3%A9e_du_P%C3%A9trole_%2817%29.jpg/300px-Pechelbronn-Mus%C3%A9e_du_P%C3%A9trole_%2817%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Pechelbronn-Mus%C3%A9e_du_P%C3%A9trole_%2817%29.jpg/400px-Pechelbronn-Mus%C3%A9e_du_P%C3%A9trole_%2817%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2735" data-file-height="2467" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">French miner's hat, after 1840</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hunting_Knife,_Sharpener,_and_Sheath_MET_DP102099.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hunting Knife, Sharpener, and Sheath. French, c. 1880, as a fake 15th-century set."><img alt="Hunting Knife, Sharpener, and Sheath. French, c. 1880, as a fake 15th-century set." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Hunting_Knife%2C_Sharpener%2C_and_Sheath_MET_DP102099.jpeg/200px-Hunting_Knife%2C_Sharpener%2C_and_Sheath_MET_DP102099.jpeg" decoding="async" width="200" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Hunting_Knife%2C_Sharpener%2C_and_Sheath_MET_DP102099.jpeg/300px-Hunting_Knife%2C_Sharpener%2C_and_Sheath_MET_DP102099.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Hunting_Knife%2C_Sharpener%2C_and_Sheath_MET_DP102099.jpeg/400px-Hunting_Knife%2C_Sharpener%2C_and_Sheath_MET_DP102099.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1565" data-file-height="857" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hunting Knife, Sharpener, and Sheath. French, c. 1880, as a fake 15th-century set.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braunschweigisches_Husaren-Regiment_Nr._17_Totenkopf_Paradehelm_Cut_out.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Braunschweigisches Husaren-Regiment Nr. 17, Death's Head pickelhaube"><img alt="Braunschweigisches Husaren-Regiment Nr. 17, Death's Head pickelhaube" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Braunschweigisches_Husaren-Regiment_Nr._17_Totenkopf_Paradehelm_Cut_out.jpg/137px-Braunschweigisches_Husaren-Regiment_Nr._17_Totenkopf_Paradehelm_Cut_out.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Braunschweigisches_Husaren-Regiment_Nr._17_Totenkopf_Paradehelm_Cut_out.jpg/205px-Braunschweigisches_Husaren-Regiment_Nr._17_Totenkopf_Paradehelm_Cut_out.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Braunschweigisches_Husaren-Regiment_Nr._17_Totenkopf_Paradehelm_Cut_out.jpg/273px-Braunschweigisches_Husaren-Regiment_Nr._17_Totenkopf_Paradehelm_Cut_out.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Braunschweigisches Husaren-Regiment Nr. 17, Death's Head <a href="/wiki/Pickelhaube" title="Pickelhaube">pickelhaube</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Historischer_Feuerwehrhelm_(Elektriker),_s%C3%A4chsische_Form,_um_1910_(DFM).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="German fireman's helmet (specialist electrician), c. 1910, containing no metal parts at all"><img alt="German fireman's helmet (specialist electrician), c. 1910, containing no metal parts at all" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Historischer_Feuerwehrhelm_%28Elektriker%29%2C_s%C3%A4chsische_Form%2C_um_1910_%28DFM%29.JPG/200px-Historischer_Feuerwehrhelm_%28Elektriker%29%2C_s%C3%A4chsische_Form%2C_um_1910_%28DFM%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Historischer_Feuerwehrhelm_%28Elektriker%29%2C_s%C3%A4chsische_Form%2C_um_1910_%28DFM%29.JPG/300px-Historischer_Feuerwehrhelm_%28Elektriker%29%2C_s%C3%A4chsische_Form%2C_um_1910_%28DFM%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Historischer_Feuerwehrhelm_%28Elektriker%29%2C_s%C3%A4chsische_Form%2C_um_1910_%28DFM%29.JPG/400px-Historischer_Feuerwehrhelm_%28Elektriker%29%2C_s%C3%A4chsische_Form%2C_um_1910_%28DFM%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">German fireman's helmet (specialist electrician), c. 1910, containing no metal parts at all</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boiled_leather&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davies, 94; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=cuir+bouilli">24 items in the British Museum</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ffoulkes, 97–99; Cheshire, 42; Abse; Loades, 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davies, 94; Abse</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davies, 94–98; Cheshire, 42–53; Loades, 10; Abse; Bradbury, 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cheshire, 41–44, 51–53; Loades, 10; Bradbury, 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cheshire, 47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ffoulkes, 97–100; Cheshire, 43 (<a href="/wiki/Sioux" title="Sioux">Sioux</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davies, 94–95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stone, 220–221; Ward, Arthur, <i>A Guide to Wartime Collectables</i>, 23, 2013, Pen and Sword, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1473831067" title="Special:BookSources/1473831067">1473831067</a>, 9781473831063, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vOt7BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA23">google books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davies, 95; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccq.gouv.qc.ca/index.php?id=100&no_cache=1&id=100&no_cache=1&tx_mcccfrechercheavancee_pi1%5Bress_uid%5D=27&type=0">19th-century fireman's helmet from Montreal (text in French)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loades, 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ffoulkes, 97–98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barker, 179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loades, 39; the passage in Wavrin's text <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R6n_GnE9hSYC&pg=PA211">is here</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Phyrr et al., 57–59; all significant survivals are listed.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Phyrr et al., 57–58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Phyrr et al., 58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ffoulkes, 97–99; Williams, 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cheshire, 42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ffoulkes, 97–98; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110808164207/http://www.librarius.com/canttran/thopastale/thopastale167-200.htm">"The Tale of Sir Thopas"</a>. <i>Librarius</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.librarius.com/canttran/thopastale/thopastale167-200.htm">the original</a> on 8 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Librarius&rft.atitle=The+Tale+of+Sir+Thopas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.librarius.com%2Fcanttran%2Fthopastale%2Fthopastale167-200.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoiled+leather" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">St. John Hope, W.H., <i>A Grammar of English Heraldry</i>, 2011 revd edn, ed. <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Wagner" title="Anthony Wagner">Anthony Wagner</a>, Cambridge University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1107402107" title="Special:BookSources/1107402107">1107402107</a>, 9781107402102, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hMFiu6X5PjUC&pg=PA42">google books</a>; Barker, 181</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canterbury-archaeology.org.uk/bp-tomb/4590809630">"Black Prince's Tomb</a> Canterbury Historical and Archaeological Society, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Yates" title="Frances Yates">Frances Yates</a>, p. 164 in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eLA_fEAA3yQC&pg=PA164"><i>Selected works. 10. Ideas and ideals in the North European Renaissance</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lasko, 16–17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wijnekus, 170</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davies, 96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davies, 95–96</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boiled_leather&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Abse, Bathsheba, in Abse, Bathsheba and Calnan, Christopher, "Leather, 2. iii, Moulding", <a href="/wiki/Grove_Art_Online" title="Grove Art Online">Grove Art Online</a>, Oxford Art Online, Oxford University Press. Web. 13 Oct. 2017, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T049783">subscription required</a></li> <li>Barker, Juliet R.V., <i>The Tournament in England, 1100–1400</i>, 1986, Boydell Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0851159427" title="Special:BookSources/0851159427">0851159427</a>, 9780851159423, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O0-D57pOb4sC&pg=PA181">google books</a></li> <li>Bradbury, Jim, <i>The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare</i>, 2004, Routledge, ISBN 1134598475, 9781134598472, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3FRsBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA255">google books</a></li> <li>Cheshire, Edward, "<i>Cuir bouilli</i> armour", in <i>Why Leather?: The Material and Cultural Dimensions of Leather</i>, ed. Harris, Susanna, 2014, Sidestone Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9088904707" title="Special:BookSources/978-9088904707">978-9088904707</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HjOUBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA41">google books</a></li> <li>Davies, Laura, "Cuir bouilli", Chapter 10 in <i>Conservation of Leather and Related Materials</i>, Eds. Marion Kite, Roy Thomson, 2006, Routledge, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1136415238" title="Special:BookSources/1136415238">1136415238</a>, 9781136415234, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9WsABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA94">google books</a></li> <li>Ffoulkes, Charles John, <i>The Armourer and His Craft</i>, 2008 (reprint), Cosimo, Inc., <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1605204110" title="Special:BookSources/1605204110">1605204110</a>, 9781605204116, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HqRsCyAeg8cC&pg=PA97">google books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasko,_Peter" class="mw-redirect" title="Lasko, Peter">Lasko, Peter</a>, <i>Ars Sacra, 800–1200</i>, Penguin History of Art (now Yale), 1972 (nb, 1st edn.) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/014056036X" title="Special:BookSources/014056036X">014056036X</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PwJb18lq5gkC&pg=PA11">2nd edition on google books</a>)</li> <li>Loades, Mike, <i>The Longbow</i>, 2013, Bloomsbury Publishing, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1782000860" title="Special:BookSources/1782000860">1782000860</a>, 9781782000860, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_KWjCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10">google books</a></li> <li>"Phyrr et al.", Stuart W. Pyhrr, Donald J. LaRocca, Dirk H. Breiding, <i>The Armored Horse in Europe, 1480–1620</i>, 2005, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1588391507" title="Special:BookSources/1588391507">1588391507</a>, 9781588391506, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V8WFr7Fjdi8C&pg=PA72">fully available online</a></li> <li>Stone, David, <i>The Kaiser's Army: The German Army in World War One</i>, 2015, Bloomsbury Publishing, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1844862917" title="Special:BookSources/1844862917">1844862917</a>, 9781844862917, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1e7sCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA221">google books</a></li> <li>Wijnekus, F.J.M., and Wijnekus, E.F.P.H., <i>Dictionary of the Printing and Allied Industries</i>, 2013 (2nd edn.), Elsevier, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1483289842" title="Special:BookSources/1483289842">1483289842</a>, 9781483289847, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VQghBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA170">google books</a></li> <li>Williams, Alan R, <i>The Knight and the Blast Furnace: A History of the Metallurgy of Armour in the Middle Ages & the Early Modern Period</i>, 2003, BRILL, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9004124985" title="Special:BookSources/9004124985">9004124985</a>, 9789004124981, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GpVbnsqAzxIC&pg=PA54">google books</a></li> <li>Wright, Thomas, <i>The Archaeological Album; Or Museum of National Antiquities</i>, 1845, Chapman & Hall, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vP3X7GxH_skC&pg=PA39">google books</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boiled_leather&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Types_of_armour" title="Template talk:Types of armour"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Types_of_armour" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Types of armour"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Armour_types" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armour" title="Armour">Armour</a> types</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_armor" title="Body armor">Body armor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_armour" title="Vehicle armour">Vehicle armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barding" title="Barding">Barding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Historical armour types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linothorax" title="Linothorax">Linothorax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambeson" title="Gambeson">Gambeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buff_coat" title="Buff coat">Buff coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorica_segmentata" title="Lorica segmentata">Lorica segmentata</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manica_(armguard)" title="Manica (armguard)">Manica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorica_hamata" title="Lorica hamata">Lorica hamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorica_plumata" title="Lorica plumata">Lorica plumata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorica_squamata" title="Lorica squamata">Lorica squamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamellar_armour" title="Lamellar armour">Lamellar armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laminar_armour" title="Laminar armour">Laminar armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scale_armour" title="Scale armour">Scale armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_mail" title="Chain mail">Chain mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauberk" title="Hauberk">Hauberk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitional_armour" title="Transitional armour">Transitional armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mail_and_plate_armour" title="Mail and plate armour">Mail and plate armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_plates" title="Coat of plates">Coat of plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigandine" title="Brigandine">Brigandine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_of_plate" title="Jack of plate">Jack of plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splint_armour" title="Splint armour">Splint armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror_armour" title="Mirror armour">Mirror armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klivanion" title="Klivanion">Klivanion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breastplate" title="Breastplate">Breastplate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuirass" title="Cuirass">Cuirass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_cuirass" title="Muscle cuirass">Muscle cuirass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_armour" title="Plate armour">Plate armour</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Munition_armour" title="Munition armour">Munition armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_armour" title="Greenwich armour">Greenwich armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almain_rivet" title="Almain rivet">Almain rivet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasten-brust_armour" title="Kasten-brust armour">Kasten-brust armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_armour" title="White armour">White armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_plate_armour" title="Gothic plate armour">Gothic plate armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_armour" title="Maximilian armour">Maximilian armour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lame_(armor)" title="Lame (armor)">Lame (armor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karuta_(Japanese_armour)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karuta (Japanese armour)">Karuta (Japanese armour)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikko_(Japanese_armour)" title="Kikko (Japanese armour)">Kikko (Japanese armour)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kusari_(Japanese_mail_armour)" title="Kusari (Japanese mail armour)">Kusari (Japanese mail armour)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8C-yoroi" title="Ō-yoroi">Ō-yoroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%8D-maru" title="Dō-maru">Dō-maru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haramaki_(armour)" title="Haramaki (armour)">Haramaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatami_(Japanese_armour)" title="Tatami (Japanese armour)">Tatami</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Boiled leather (cuir bouilli)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Modern armour types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Bullet-resistant_armour" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bulletproof_vest" title="Bulletproof vest">Bullet-resistant armour</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_plate" title="Ballistic plate">Ballistic plate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceramic_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceramic plate">Ceramic plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doron_plate" title="Doron plate">Doron plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Steel plate">Steel plate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Ballistic fabrics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Flex" title="Gold Flex">Gold Flex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramid" title="Aramid">Aramid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">Kevlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevlar_KM2" title="Kevlar KM2">Kevlar KM2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twaron" title="Twaron">Twaron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-molecular-weight_polyethylene" title="Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene">UHMWPE/HPPE</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spectra_Shield" title="Spectra Shield">Spectra Shield</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_nylon" title="Ballistic nylon">Ballistic nylon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Armor_systems" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Armor systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armour_of_the_Kelly_gang" title="Armour of the Kelly gang">Armour of the Kelly gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Body_Shield" title="Brewster Body Shield">Brewster Body Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_Bib" class="mw-redirect" title="Steel Bib">Steel Bib</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personnel_Armor_System_for_Ground_Troops" title="Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops">PASGT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_Body_Armor" title="Ranger Body Armor">Ranger Body Armor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interceptor_Body_Armor" class="mw-redirect" title="Interceptor Body Armor">IBA/OTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Skin" title="Dragon Skin">Dragon Skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Integrated_Releasable_Armor_System" title="Combat Integrated Releasable Armor System">CIRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_Spectrum_Battle_Equipment_Amphibious_Assault_Vest" title="Full Spectrum Battle Equipment Amphibious Assault Vest">FSBE AAV QR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Risk_Modular_tactical_vest" class="mw-redirect" title="High Risk Modular tactical vest">HRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improved_Outer_Tactical_Vest" title="Improved Outer Tactical Vest">IOTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modular_Tactical_Vest" title="Modular Tactical Vest">MTV/IMTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRU-70" title="PRU-70">PRU-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osprey_body_armour" title="Osprey body armour">Osprey body armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier_Plate_Carrier_System" title="Soldier Plate Carrier System">SPCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalable_Plate_Carrier" title="Scalable Plate Carrier">SPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modular_Scalable_Vest" title="Modular Scalable Vest">MSV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_body_armor_performance_standards" title="List of body armor performance standards">Body armor performance standards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BA_9000" title="BA 9000">BA 9000</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <li><a href="/wiki/Flak_jacket" title="Flak jacket">Flak jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_gear" class="mw-redirect" title="Riot gear">Riot gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomb_suit" title="Bomb suit">Bomb suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stab_vest" title="Stab vest">Stab vest</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_armour_components" title="List of medieval armour components">Medieval</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fictional armour types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banded_mail" title="Banded mail">Banded mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_armour" title="Ring armour">Ring armour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton#Fictional_depictions" title="Powered exoskeleton">Power armor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Helmets" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Helmets" title="Template:Helmets"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Helmets" title="Template talk:Helmets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Helmets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Helmets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Helmets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Helmet" title="Helmet">Helmets</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individual<br />historical<br />helmets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_of_Agighiol" title="Helmet of Agighiol">Agighiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agris_Helmet" title="Agris Helmet">Agris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benty_Grange_helmet" title="Benty Grange helmet">Benty Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broe_helmet" title="Broe helmet">Broe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_helmet" title="Canterbury helmet">Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celts_in_Transylvania#Helmet_of_Ciumeşti" title="Celts in Transylvania">Ciumeşti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppergate_Helmet" title="Coppergate Helmet">Coppergate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_of_Co%C8%9Bofene%C8%99ti" title="Helmet of Coțofenești">Coțofenești</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Sallet" title="Coventry Sallet">Coventry Sallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosby_Garrett_Helmet" title="Crosby Garrett Helmet">Crosby Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emesa_helmet" title="Emesa helmet">Emesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gevninge_helmet_fragment" title="Gevninge helmet fragment">Gevninge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gjermundbu_helmet" title="Gjermundbu helmet">Gjermundbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilden_Morden_boar" title="Guilden Morden boar">Guilden Morden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guisborough_Helmet" title="Guisborough Helmet">Guisborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallaton_Helmet" title="Hallaton Helmet">Hallaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellvi_helmet_eyebrow" title="Hellvi helmet eyebrow">Hellvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horned_helmet_of_Henry_VIII" title="Horned helmet of Henry VIII">Henry VIII's Horned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horncastle_boar%27s_head" title="Horncastle boar's head">Horncastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_of_Iron_Gates" title="Helmet of Iron Gates">Iron Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokrume_helmet_fragment" title="Lokrume helmet fragment">Lokrume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyrick_Helmet" title="Meyrick Helmet">Meyrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemiya_Helmet" title="Nemiya Helmet">Nemiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newstead_Helmet" title="Newstead Helmet">Newstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_Helmet" title="Nijmegen Helmet">Nijmegen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_of_Peretu" title="Helmet of Peretu">Peretu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Helmet" title="Pioneer Helmet">Pioneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribchester_Helmet" title="Ribchester Helmet">Ribchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorwell_helmet" title="Shorwell helmet">Shorwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_helmet" title="Staffordshire helmet">Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_Hoo_helmet" title="Sutton Hoo helmet">Sutton Hoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjele_helmet_fragment" title="Tjele helmet fragment">Tjele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veks%C3%B8_helmets" class="mw-redirect" title="Veksø helmets">Veksø</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_the_Magnificent%27s_Venetian_Helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Süleyman the Magnificent's Venetian Helmet">Venetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Helmet" title="Waterloo Helmet">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witcham_Gravel_helmet" title="Witcham Gravel helmet">Witcham Gravel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarm_helmet" title="Yarm helmet">Yarm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Combat_helmet" title="Combat helmet">Combat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attic_helmet" title="Attic helmet">Attic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boar%27s_tusk_helmet" title="Boar's tusk helmet">Boar's tusk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeotian_helmet" title="Boeotian helmet">Boeotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcidian_helmet" title="Chalcidian helmet">Chalcidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coolus_helmet" title="Coolus helmet">Coolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinthian_helmet" title="Corinthian helmet">Corinthian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galea_(helmet)" title="Galea (helmet)">Galea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_type_helmet" title="Illyrian type helmet">Illyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_helmet" title="Imperial helmet">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kegelhelm" title="Kegelhelm">Kegelhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konos" title="Konos">Konos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Roman_ridge_helmet" title="Late Roman ridge helmet">Late Roman ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montefortino_helmet" title="Montefortino helmet">Montefortino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negau_helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Negau helmet">Negau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_helmet" title="Phrygian helmet">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pileus_(hat)" title="Pileus (hat)">Pilos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmarjet" title="Shmarjet">Shmarjet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medieval and<br />Early Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armet" title="Armet">Armet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aventail" title="Aventail">Aventail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbute" title="Barbute">Barbute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bascinet" title="Bascinet">Bascinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgonet" title="Burgonet">Burgonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cervelliere" title="Cervelliere">Cervelliere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_helmet" title="Close helmet">Close</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragoon_helmet" title="Dragoon helmet">Dragoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclosed_helmet" title="Enclosed helmet">Enclosed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falling_buffe" title="Falling buffe">Falling buffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog-mouth_helm" title="Frog-mouth helm">Frog-mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_boar_helmet" title="Germanic boar helmet">Germanic boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_helm" title="Great helm">Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bascinet#Hounskull" title="Bascinet">Hounskull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Jingasa">Jingasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuto" title="Kabuto">Kabuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katapu" title="Katapu">Katapu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kettle_hat" title="Kettle hat">Kettle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulah_khud" title="Kulah khud">Kulah khud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamellenhelm" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamellenhelm">Lamellenhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster-tailed_pot_helmet" title="Lobster-tailed pot helmet">Lobster-tailed pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men-yoroi" title="Men-yoroi">Mempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morion_(helmet)" title="Morion (helmet)">Morion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasal_helmet" title="Nasal helmet">Nasal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paseki" title="Paseki">Paseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickelhaube" title="Pickelhaube">Pickelhaube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallet" title="Sallet">Sallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secrete_(helmet)" title="Secrete (helmet)">Secrete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spangenhelm" title="Spangenhelm">Spangenhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takula_tofao" title="Takula tofao">Takula tofao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turban_helmet" title="Turban helmet">Turban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Age_arms_and_armour#Helmet" title="Viking Age arms and armour">Viking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Late Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dragoon_helmet" title="Dragoon helmet">Dragoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickelhaube" title="Pickelhaube">Pickelhaube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pith_helmet" title="Pith helmet">Pith helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarleton_helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarleton helmet">Tarleton helmet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1914–1945</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_helmet" title="Adrian helmet">Adrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodie_helmet" title="Brodie helmet">Brodie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_M36_helmet" title="Bulgarian M36 helmet">M36 (Bulgaria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakian_M32_helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Czechoslovakian M32 helmet">M32 (Czechoslovakia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1923_helmet_(Denmark)" title="M1923 helmet (Denmark)">M1923 (Denmark)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stahlhelm" title="Stahlhelm">Stahlhelm (Germany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_M1934/39_helmet" title="Greek M1934/39 helmet">M1934/39 (Greece)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_Steel_Airborne_Troop" title="Helmet Steel Airborne Troop">Helmet Steel Airborne Troop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M33_helmet" title="M33 helmet">M33 (Italy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M42_Duperite_helmet" title="M42 Duperite helmet">M42 Duperite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1_helmet" title="M1 helmet">M1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1C_helmet" title="M1C helmet">M1C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_Navy_Mk_II_talker_helmet" title="US Navy Mk II talker helmet">Mk II talker helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mk_III_helmet" title="Mk III helmet">Mk III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_M34" title="Netherlands M34">Netherlands M34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%C5%82m_wz._31" title="Hełm wz. 31">Hełm wz. 31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_M1940_helmet" title="Portuguese M1940 helmet">M1940 (Portugal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAC_helmet" title="RAC helmet">RAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSh-36" title="SSh-36">SSh-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSh-39_and_SSh-40" title="SSh-39 and SSh-40">SSh-39 and SSh-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1921_helmet_(Spain)" title="M1921 helmet (Spain)">M1921 (Spain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1926_helmet_(Spain)" title="M1926 helmet (Spain)">M1926 (Spain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1934_helmet_(Spain)" title="M1934 helmet (Spain)">M1934 (Spain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1942_Modelo_Z" title="M1942 Modelo Z">M1942 Modelo Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSK_90_helmet" title="SSK 90 helmet">SSK 90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1926_helmet_(Sweden)" title="M1926 helmet (Sweden)">M1926 (Sweden)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1937_helmet_(Sweden)" title="M1937 helmet (Sweden)">M1937 (Sweden)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Eplattenier_helmet" title="L'Eplattenier helmet">L'Eplattenier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_M1918_Helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss M1918 Helmet">M1918 (Switzerland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Uniforms of the Imperial Japanese Army">Type 92 Tetsubo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1945–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangtan_Helmet" title="Bangtan Helmet">Bangtan Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CABAL_II" title="CABAL II">CABAL II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Vz._53_Helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Czechoslovak Vz. 53 Helmet">Czechoslovak Vz. 53 Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GK80" title="GK80">GK80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_M70" title="Hungarian M70">Hungarian M70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_M73_helmet" title="Romanian M73 helmet">Romanian M73 helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C2%BA_44_E.T.A._de_Paracaidista" class="mw-redirect" title="Mº 44 E.T.A. de Paracaidista">Mº 44 E.T.A.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M59/85" title="M59/85">M59/85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%C5%82m_wz._50" title="Hełm wz. 50">Hełm wz. 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%C5%82m_wz._63" title="Hełm wz. 63">Hełm wz. 63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%C5%82m_wz._67" title="Hełm wz. 67">Hełm wz. 67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M63_helmet" title="M63 helmet">M63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M76_paratrooper_helmet" title="M76 paratrooper helmet">M76 Para</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mk_IV_helmet" title="Mk IV helmet">Mk IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mk_6_helmet" title="Mk 6 helmet">Mk 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_1951_helmet" title="Modèle 1951 helmet">Modèle 1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_1978_helmet" title="Modèle 1978 helmet">Modèle 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPC-1" title="MPC-1">MPC-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OR-201" title="OR-201">OR-201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paratrooper_helmet" title="Paratrooper helmet">Paratrooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSh-60" title="SSh-60">SSh-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSh-68" title="SSh-68">SSh-68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_M1971_Helmet" title="Swiss M1971 Helmet">Swiss M71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_66_helmet" title="Type 66 helmet">Type 66</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CG634" title="CG634">CG634</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gefechtshelm_M92" title="Gefechtshelm M92">M92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOLFO" title="GOLFO">GOLFO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_M90_helmet" title="Iraqi M90 helmet">M90 (Iraq)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JK_96_helmet" title="JK 96 helmet">JK 96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M59/85" title="M59/85">M59/85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M87_kevlar_helmet" title="M87 kevlar helmet">M87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personnel_Armor_System_for_Ground_Troops" title="Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops">PASGT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%C5%82m_wz._93" title="Hełm wz. 93">Hełm wz. 93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%C5%82m_wz._2000" title="Hełm wz. 2000">Hełm wz. 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfera_(helmet)" title="Sfera (helmet)">Sfera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPECTRA_helmet" title="SPECTRA helmet">SPECTRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6B7_helmet" title="6B7 helmet">6B7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A2_Helmet" title="A2 Helmet">A2 Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Combat_Helmet" title="Advanced Combat Helmet">Advanced Combat Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BK-3_helmet" title="BK-3 helmet">BK-3 helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QGF-03" title="QGF-03">QGF-03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Combat_Helmet_(Australia)" title="Enhanced Combat Helmet (Australia)">ECH (Australia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Combat_Helmet_(United_States)" title="Enhanced Combat Helmet (United States)">ECH (US)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_Assault_Shell_Technology_helmet" title="Future Assault Shell Technology helmet">FAST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6B47_helmet" title="6B47 helmet">6B47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%C5%82m_wz._2005" title="Hełm wz. 2005">Hełm wz. 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Head_Protection_System" title="Integrated Head Protection System">IHPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KH-B2000" title="KH-B2000">KH-B2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_Helmet" title="Lightweight Helmet">Lightweight Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modular_Integrated_Communications_Helmet" title="Modular Integrated Communications Helmet">MICH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mk_7_helmet" title="Mk 7 helmet">Mk 7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Athletic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batting_helmet" title="Batting helmet">Batting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coolflo" title="Coolflo">Coolflo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headgear_(martial_arts)" title="Headgear (martial arts)">Boxing / Martial Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_helmet" title="Bicycle helmet">Bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_helmet" title="Cricket helmet">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_helmet" title="Equestrian helmet">Equestrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_helmet" title="Football helmet">Gridiron football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eyeshield" title="Eyeshield">Eyeshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_helmets" title="Revolution helmets">Revolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hockey_helmet" title="Hockey helmet">Hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacrosse_helmet" title="Lacrosse helmet">Lacrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_helmet" title="Motorcycle helmet">Motorcycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_helmet" title="Racing helmet">Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrum_cap" title="Scrum cap">Scrum cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski_helmet" title="Ski helmet">Ski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Work</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Custodian_helmet" title="Custodian helmet">Custodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diving_helmet" title="Diving helmet">Diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefighter%27s_helmet" title="Firefighter's helmet">Firefighter's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_hat" title="Hard hat">Hard hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_protection_helmet" title="Riot protection helmet">Riot protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welding_helmet" title="Welding helmet">Welding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flight_helmet" title="Flight helmet">Flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_cover" title="Helmet cover">Helmet cover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitznefet_(Israeli_military)" title="Mitznefet (Israeli military)">Mitznefet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_(heraldry)" title="Helmet (heraldry)">Heraldic use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horned_helmet" title="Horned helmet">Horned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahiole" title="Mahiole">Mahiole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarnhelm" title="Tarnhelm">Tarnhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pith_helmet" title="Pith helmet">Pith</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_fiber_helmet" title="American fiber helmet">American fiber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_helmet" title="Winged helmet">Winged</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuckerman_helmet" title="Zuckerman helmet">Zuckerman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> Portal</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Armour" title="Category:Armour">Category:Armour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leather" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leather" title="Template:Leather"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leather" title="Template talk:Leather"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leather" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leather"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leather" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">Leather</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aniline_leather" title="Aniline leather">Aniline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicast_leather" title="Bicast leather">Bicast</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Boiled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonded_leather" title="Bonded leather">Bonded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckskin_(leather)" title="Buckskin (leather)">Buckskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buff_leather" title="Buff leather">Buff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamois_leather" title="Chamois leather">Chamois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinthian_leather" title="Corinthian leather">Corinthian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidskin" title="Kidskin">Kidskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_leather" title="Law leather">Law leather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco_leather" title="Morocco leather">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_leather" title="Napa leather">Napa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nubuck" title="Nubuck">Nubuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patent_leather" title="Patent leather">Patent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_leather" title="Russia leather">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shagreen" title="Shagreen">Shagreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shearling" title="Shearling">Shearling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_cordovan" title="Shell cordovan">Shell cordovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suede" title="Suede">Suede</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leather sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_leather" title="Alligator leather">Alligator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bison" title="Bison">Bison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">Cattle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calfskin" title="Calfskin">Calfskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slunk" title="Slunk">Slunk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_skin" title="Crocodile skin">Crocodile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_hagfish" title="Pacific hagfish">Eel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">Goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse" title="Horse">Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_leather" title="Kangaroo leather">Kangaroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrich_leather" title="Ostrich leather">Ostrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pig" title="Pig">Pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealskin" title="Sealskin">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheepskin" title="Sheepskin">Sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snakeskin" title="Snakeskin">Snake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak" title="Yak">Yak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leather_production_processes" title="Leather production processes">Processes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liming_(leather_processing)" title="Liming (leather processing)">Liming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deliming" title="Deliming">Deliming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bating_(leather)" title="Bating (leather)">Bating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanning_(leather)" title="Tanning (leather)">Tanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oiling_(leather_processing)" title="Oiling (leather processing)">Oiling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leather_crafting" title="Leather crafting">Crafting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bookbinding" title="Bookbinding">Bookbinding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuir_de_Cordoue" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuir de Cordoue">Cuir de Cordoue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_carving" title="Leather carving">Leather carving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Substitutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_leather" title="Artificial leather">Artificial leather / Leatherette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirza" title="Kirza">Kirza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naugahyde" title="Naugahyde">Naugahyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presstoff" title="Presstoff">Presstoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrasuede" title="Ultrasuede">Ultrasuede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcantara_(material)" title="Alcantara (material)">Alcantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarino" title="Clarino">Clarino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leather museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Leather_Museum" title="German Leather Museum">German Leather Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igualada_Leather_Museum" title="Igualada Leather Museum">Igualada Leather Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walsall_Leather_Museum" title="Walsall Leather Museum">Walsall Leather Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_Archives_and_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Leather Archives and Museum">Leather Archives and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Museum_leather_dressing" title="British Museum leather dressing">British Museum leather dressing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_hide_materials" title="History of hide materials">History of hide materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_subculture" title="Leather subculture">Leather subculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawhide_(material)" title="Rawhide (material)">Rawhide</a></li></ul> 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