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id="toc-Duel_in_Battersea_Fields,_21_March_1829" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duel_in_Battersea_Fields,_21_March_1829"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.1 Duel in Battersea Fields, 21 March 1829 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duel_in_Battersea_Fields,_21_March_1829-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 20th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Campus </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campus subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Strand_Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strand_Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Strand Campus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strand_Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guy's_Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guy's_Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Guy's Campus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guy's_Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waterloo_Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waterloo_Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Waterloo Campus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waterloo_Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-St_Thomas'_Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#St_Thomas'_Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 St Thomas' Campus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-St_Thomas'_Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark_Hill_Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark_Hill_Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Denmark Hill Campus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark_Hill_Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Other sites </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Halls_of_residence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Halls_of_residence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.1 Halls of residence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Halls_of_residence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_grounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_grounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.2 Sports grounds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_grounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shrivenham" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shrivenham"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.3 Shrivenham </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shrivenham-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Newquay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newquay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.4 Newquay </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newquay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Organisation and administration </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation_and_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Organisation and administration subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Organisation_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Governance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculties_and_departments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculties_and_departments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Faculties and departments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculties_and_departments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Faculty_of_arts_and_humanities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_of_arts_and_humanities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Faculty of arts and humanities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_of_arts_and_humanities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_of_dentistry,_oral_and_craniofacial_Sciences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_of_dentistry,_oral_and_craniofacial_Sciences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 Faculty of dentistry, oral and craniofacial Sciences </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_of_dentistry,_oral_and_craniofacial_Sciences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_of_life_sciences_and_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_of_life_sciences_and_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.3 Faculty of life sciences and medicine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_of_life_sciences_and_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.4 Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.5 Dickson Poon School of Law </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_of_natural,_mathematical_and_engineering_sciences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_of_natural,_mathematical_and_engineering_sciences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.6 Faculty of natural, mathematical and engineering sciences </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_of_natural,_mathematical_and_engineering_sciences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Florence_Nightingale_Faculty_of_Nursing,_Midwifery_and_Palliative_Care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Florence_Nightingale_Faculty_of_Nursing,_Midwifery_and_Palliative_Care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.7 Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Florence_Nightingale_Faculty_of_Nursing,_Midwifery_and_Palliative_Care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_of_social_science_and_public_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_of_social_science_and_public_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.8 Faculty of social science and public policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_of_social_science_and_public_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-King's_Business_School" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#King's_Business_School"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.9 King's Business School </div> </a> <ul id="toc-King's_Business_School-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Finances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Coat of arms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Coats_of_arms_of_the_medical_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coats_of_arms_of_the_medical_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4.1 Coats of arms of the medical schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coats_of_arms_of_the_medical_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Affiliations_and_partnerships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Affiliations_and_partnerships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Affiliations and partnerships </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Affiliations_and_partnerships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_profile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_profile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Academic profile </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Academic profile subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Admissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Admissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Admissions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Admissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teaching" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teaching"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Teaching </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teaching-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Graduation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graduation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Graduation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graduation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Medicine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Libraries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Maughan_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maughan_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.1 Maughan Library </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maughan_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.2 Other libraries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums,_galleries_and_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums,_galleries_and_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 Museums, galleries and collections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums,_galleries_and_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reputation_and_ranking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reputation_and_ranking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.8 Reputation and ranking </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reputation_and_ranking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associateship_of_King's_College" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associateship_of_King's_College"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.9 Associateship of King's College </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associateship_of_King's_College-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fellowship_of_King's_College" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fellowship_of_King's_College"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.10 Fellowship of King's College </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fellowship_of_King's_College-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Student life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Student life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Students'_union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Students'_union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Students' union </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Students'_union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Student media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Societies_and_organisations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Societies_and_organisations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Societies and organisations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Societies_and_organisations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student-led_think_tank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student-led_think_tank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Student-led think tank </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student-led_think_tank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalry_with_University_College_London" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalry_with_University_College_London"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Rivalry with University College London </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalry_with_University_College_London-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalry_with_the_London_School_of_Economics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalry_with_the_London_School_of_Economics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 Rivalry with the London School of Economics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalry_with_the_London_School_of_Economics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_residences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_residences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.9 Student residences </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_residences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Notable people </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notable people subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Notable alumni </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_academics_and_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_academics_and_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Notable academics and staff </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_academics_and_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 In popular culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle In popular culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film_and_television_settings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_and_television_settings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Film and television settings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_and_television_settings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">King's College London</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" > 55 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="كلية الملك بلندن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلية الملك بلندن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Kral_Kolleci" title="London Kral Kolleci – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="London Kral Kolleci" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B2_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="کینقز لندن کالجی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کینقز لندن کالجی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%A8" title="কিংস কলেজ লন্ডন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কিংস কলেজ লন্ডন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Кралски колеж Лондон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кралски колеж Лондон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_de_Londres" title="King's College de Londres – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="King's College de Londres" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleg_y_Brenin,_Llundain" title="Coleg y Brenin, Llundain – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coleg y Brenin, Llundain" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%E2%80%99s_College_London" title="King’s College London – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="King’s College London" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Βασιλικό Κολέγιο του Λονδίνου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βασιλικό Κολέγιο του Λονδίνου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_de_Londres" title="King's College de Londres – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="King's College de Londres" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_(Londono)" title="King's College (Londono) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="King's College (Londono)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londresko_King%27s_College" title="Londresko King's College – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Londresko King's College" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="کینگز کالج لندن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کینگز کالج لندن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_de_Londres" title="King's College de Londres – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="King's College de Londres" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%82%B9%EC%8A%A4_%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80_%EB%9F%B0%EB%8D%98" title="킹스 칼리지 런던 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="킹스 칼리지 런던" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BB" title="Լոնդոնի թագավորական քոլեջ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լոնդոնի թագավորական քոլեջ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A1_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%27_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9F" title="קינגס קולג' לונדון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קינגס קולג' לונדון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%96" title="Лондон Корольдік колледжі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лондон Корольдік колледжі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8" title="Лондон Кингс-колледжи – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Лондон Кингс-колледжи" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonas_Karalisk%C4%81_koled%C5%BEa" title="Londonas Karaliskā koledža – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Londonas Karaliskā koledža" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%E2%80%99s_College_London" title="King’s College London – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="King’s College London" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98" title="ლონდონიშ ომაფე კოლეჯი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლონდონიშ ომაფე კოლეჯი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B2_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF%DA%86_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="كينجز كوليدچ لندن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كينجز كوليدچ لندن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3" title="キングス・カレッジ・ロンドン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キングス・カレッジ・ロンドン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%E2%80%99s_College_London" title="King’s College London – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="King’s College London" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="کنگز کالج لندن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کنگز کالج لندن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%E2%80%99s_College_London" title="King’s College London – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="King’s College London" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_de_Londres" title="King's College de Londres – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="King's College de Londres" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Королевский колледж Лондона – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Королевский колледж Лондона" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%E2%80%99s_College_London" title="King’s College London – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="King’s College London" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kings_koled%C5%BE_(London)" title="Kings koledž (London) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Kings koledž (London)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kings_koled%C5%BE_(London)" title="Kings koledž (London) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kings koledž (London)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%E2%80%99s_College_London" title="King’s College London – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="King’s College London" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="King's College London" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="คิงส์คอลเลจลอนดอน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คิงส์คอลเลจลอนดอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London – Turkish" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">King's College London</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_King%27s_College_London.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Arms_of_King%27s_College_London.svg/200px-Arms_of_King%27s_College_London.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Arms_of_King%27s_College_London.svg/300px-Arms_of_King%27s_College_London.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Arms_of_King%27s_College_London.svg/400px-Arms_of_King%27s_College_London.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1064" data-file-height="1346" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Coat of arms of King's College London">Coat of arms</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: Collegium Regale Londinense<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> or Collegium Regium apud Londinenses<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: Sancte et Sapienter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">With Holiness and Wisdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1829 (earliest recorded teaching in medical school 1561)<a href="#cite_note-kings_medical-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">£324.8 million (2024)<a href="#cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">£1.271 billion (2023/24)<a href="#cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chair_(officer)" title="Chair (officer)">Chair</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Geidt,_Baron_Geidt" title="Christopher Geidt, Baron Geidt">Lord Geidt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">Visitor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a> (as <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> <a href="/wiki/Ex_officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex officio">ex officio</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a> (as Chancellor of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Vice-Chancellor and President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shitij_Kapur" title="Shitij Kapur">Shitij Kapur</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,195 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStaff-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,510 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStaff-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">41,045 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">23,435 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">17,610 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality">London</div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=King%27s_College_London&params=51_30_43_N_0_06_58_W_type:edu">51°30′43″N 0°06′58″W / 51.51194°N 0.11611°W / 51.51194; -0.11611</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Urban</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Patron</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colours</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%;height:1.75em"><td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td><td style="background: #e2231a; font-size:50%;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td><td style="background: #e2231a; font-size:50%;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td> <td style="background: #003c7a;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> Blue & King's red<a href="#cite_note-Branding_Essentials-8">[8]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">ACU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">EUA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities" title="Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities">The Guild</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/PLuS_Alliance" title="PLuS Alliance">PLuS Alliance</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/SES_(universities)" class="mw-redirect" title="SES (universities)">SES</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_Network_of_the_Universities_from_the_Capitals_of_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Institutional Network of the Universities from the Capitals of Europe">UNICA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Universities_UK" title="Universities UK">Universities UK</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union#Mascot" title="King's College London Students' Union">Reggie the Lion</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kcl.ac.uk/">kcl.ac.uk</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245247#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College_London_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/King%27s_College_London_logo.svg/150px-King%27s_College_London_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/King%27s_College_London_logo.svg/225px-King%27s_College_London_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/King%27s_College_London_logo.svg/300px-King%27s_College_London_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="923" data-file-height="703" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> King's College London (informally King's or KCL) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> located in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England. King's was established by <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a> in 1829 under the patronage of <a href="/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George IV of the United Kingdom">King George IV</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Duke of Wellington</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-charter2009-10">[10]</a> In 1836, King's became one of the two <a href="/wiki/University_college" title="University college">founding colleges</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:8-11">[11]</a> It is one of the <a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">oldest university-level institutions in England</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-13">[13]</a> In the late 20th century, King's grew through a series of mergers, including with <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_College" title="Queen Elizabeth College">Queen Elizabeth College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_College_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Chelsea College of Science and Technology">Chelsea College of Science and Technology</a> (in 1985), the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Psychiatry">Institute of Psychiatry</a> (in 1997), the <a href="/wiki/United_Medical_and_Dental_Schools_of_Guy%27s_and_St_Thomas%27_Hospitals" title="United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals">United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_School_of_Nursing_and_Midwifery" class="mw-redirect" title="Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery">Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery</a> (in 1998). King's has five campuses: its historic <a href="/wiki/Strand_Campus" title="Strand Campus">Strand Campus</a> in central London, three other <a href="/wiki/Thames" class="mw-redirect" title="Thames">Thames</a>-side campuses (Guy's, St Thomas' and Waterloo) nearby and one in <a href="/wiki/Denmark_Hill" title="Denmark Hill">Denmark Hill</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_London" title="South London">south London</a>. It also has a presence in <a href="/wiki/Shrivenham" title="Shrivenham">Shrivenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>, for its professional military education, and another in <a href="/wiki/Newquay" title="Newquay">Newquay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a>, where its information service centre is based. Its academic activities are organised into nine faculties, which are subdivided into numerous departments, centres, and research divisions. In 2023/24, King's had a total income of £1.271 billion, of which £256.9 million was from research grants and contracts.<a href="#cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">[4]</a> It has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_endowment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by endowment">fourth largest endowment</a> of any university in the United Kingdom, and the largest of any in London. King's is the fifth-largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_enrolment" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment">university in the United Kingdom by total enrolment</a><a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-6">[6]</a> and receives over 68,000 undergraduate applications per year, making it the third-most popular university in the UK by application volume.<a href="#cite_note-UCASEoC-14">[14]</a> King's is a member of academic organisations including the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">Association of Commonwealth Universities</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">European University Association</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a>. King's is home to the <a href="/wiki/Medical_Research_Council_(UK)#Institutes,_centres_and_units" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Research Council (UK)">Medical Research Council</a>'s MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders and is a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Health_Partners" title="King's Health Partners">King's Health Partners</a> <a href="/wiki/Academic_health_sciences_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic health sciences centre">academic health sciences centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a> and <a href="/wiki/MedCity_(London)" title="MedCity (London)">MedCity</a>. It is the largest European centre for graduate and post-graduate medical teaching and biomedical research, by number of students,<a href="#cite_note-kingspartnersfacts-15">[15]</a> and includes the world's first nursing school, the <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_Faculty_of_Nursing_and_Midwifery" title="Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery">Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:10-16">[16]</a> King's is generally regarded as part of the "<a href="/wiki/Golden_triangle_(universities)" title="Golden triangle (universities)">golden triangle</a>" of universities located in the cities of Oxford, Cambridge and London.<a href="#cite_note-:11-17">[17]</a> King's has often had royal patronage by virtue of its foundation, with the late <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> having been patron and her son <a href="/wiki/King_Charles_III" class="mw-redirect" title="King Charles III">King Charles III</a> taking over patronage in May 2024.<a href="#cite_note-:12-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-:13-19">[19]</a> King's alumni and staff include <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_affiliated_with_King%27s_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nobel laureates affiliated with King's College London">14 Nobel laureates</a>; contributors to the discovery of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> structure, <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_C" title="Hepatitis C">Hepatitis C</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_D" title="Hepatitis D">Hepatitis D</a> <a href="/wiki/Genome" title="Genome">genome</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Higgs_boson" title="Higgs boson">Higgs boson</a>; pioneers of <a href="/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation" title="In vitro fertilisation">in-vitro fertilisation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somatic_cell_nuclear_transfer" title="Somatic cell nuclear transfer">stem cell</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dolly_the_sheep" class="mw-redirect" title="Dolly the sheep">mammal</a> cloning and the <a href="/wiki/St_Christopher%27s_Hospice" title="St Christopher's Hospice">modern hospice</a> movement; and key researchers advancing radar, radio, television and mobile phones. Alumni also include heads of states, governments and intergovernmental organisations; seventeen members of the current <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a>, two <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speakers of the House of Commons</a> and thirteen members of the current <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>; and the recipients of three <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscars</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award">Grammys</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globes" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globes">Golden Globe</a>, and one <a href="/wiki/Booker_Prize" title="Booker Prize">Booker Prize</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_King%27s_College_London" title="History of King's College London">History of King's College London</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation">Foundation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Foundation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_-_King_George_IV_as_Prince_Regent_in_Garter_Robes_-_MV.40448_-_Pinacoteca_Vaticana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_-_King_George_IV_as_Prince_Regent_in_Garter_Robes_-_MV.40448_-_Pinacoteca_Vaticana.jpg/220px-Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_-_King_George_IV_as_Prince_Regent_in_Garter_Robes_-_MV.40448_-_Pinacoteca_Vaticana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_-_King_George_IV_as_Prince_Regent_in_Garter_Robes_-_MV.40448_-_Pinacoteca_Vaticana.jpg/330px-Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_-_King_George_IV_as_Prince_Regent_in_Garter_Robes_-_MV.40448_-_Pinacoteca_Vaticana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_-_King_George_IV_as_Prince_Regent_in_Garter_Robes_-_MV.40448_-_Pinacoteca_Vaticana.jpg/440px-Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_-_King_George_IV_as_Prince_Regent_in_Garter_Robes_-_MV.40448_-_Pinacoteca_Vaticana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4330" data-file-height="6183" /></a><figcaption>The patron of King's College London, <a href="/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George IV of the United Kingdom">King George IV</a>, shown in a portrait by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lawrence" title="Thomas Lawrence">Sir Thomas Lawrence</a></figcaption></figure> King's College, so named to indicate the patronage of <a href="/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George IV of the United Kingdom">King George IV</a>, was founded in 1829 (though the roots of King's medical school, St. Thomas, date back to the 16th century with recorded first teaching in 1561)<a href="#cite_note-kings_medical-3">[3]</a> in response to the theological controversy surrounding the founding of "London University" (which later became <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College, London</a>) in 1826.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Foundation-21">[21]</a> London University was founded, with the backing of <a href="/wiki/Utilitarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Utilitarians">Utilitarians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">Nonconformists</a>, as a secular institution, intended to educate "the youth of our middling rich people between the ages of 15 or 16 and 20 or later"<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> giving its nickname, "the godless college in Gower Street".<a href="#cite_note-:2-23">[23]</a> The need for such an institution was a result of the religious and social nature of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, which then educated solely the sons of <a href="/wiki/Upper_class" title="Upper class">wealthy</a> <a href="/wiki/Anglicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglicans">Anglicans</a>.<a href="#cite_note-victorianweb.org-24">[24]</a> The secular nature of London University gained disapproval, indeed, "the storms of opposition which raged around it threatened to crush every spark of vital energy which remained".<a href="#cite_note-:3-25">[25]</a> The creation of King's College as a rival institution represented a <a href="/wiki/Tories_(British_political_party)" title="Tories (British political party)">Tory</a> response to reassert the educational values of the established order.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson5-26">[26]</a> More widely, King's was one of the first of a <a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_universities_in_Europe_(1801%E2%80%931945)#19th_century" title="List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)">series of institutions</a> which came about in the early nineteenth century as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> and great social changes in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>.<a href="#cite_note-somersethousebooklet-27">[27]</a> By virtue of its foundation King's has enjoyed the patronage of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">monarch</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> as its <a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">visitor</a> and during the nineteenth century counted among its official governors the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London" title="Lord Mayor of London">Lord Mayor of London</a>.<a href="#cite_note-somersethousebooklet-27">[27]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:London_Somerset_House_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/London_Somerset_House_01.jpg/220px-London_Somerset_House_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/London_Somerset_House_01.jpg/330px-London_Somerset_House_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/London_Somerset_House_01.jpg/440px-London_Somerset_House_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3568" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House">Somerset House</a> – showing the East Wing, a part of the Strand Campus, which houses the Dickson Poon School of Law.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College,_Strand,_London._Engraving_by_J._C._Carter._Wellcome_V0013842.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/King%27s_College%2C_Strand%2C_London._Engraving_by_J._C._Carter._Wellcome_V0013842.jpg/220px-King%27s_College%2C_Strand%2C_London._Engraving_by_J._C._Carter._Wellcome_V0013842.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/King%27s_College%2C_Strand%2C_London._Engraving_by_J._C._Carter._Wellcome_V0013842.jpg/330px-King%27s_College%2C_Strand%2C_London._Engraving_by_J._C._Carter._Wellcome_V0013842.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/King%27s_College%2C_Strand%2C_London._Engraving_by_J._C._Carter._Wellcome_V0013842.jpg/440px-King%27s_College%2C_Strand%2C_London._Engraving_by_J._C._Carter._Wellcome_V0013842.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3044" data-file-height="2240" /></a><figcaption>King's College London in 1831, as engraved by J. C. Carter</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Duel_in_Battersea_Fields,_21_March_1829">Duel in Battersea Fields, 21 March 1829</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Duel in Battersea Fields, 21 March 1829">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wellington%E2%80%93Winchilsea_duel" title="Wellington–Winchilsea duel">Wellington–Winchilsea duel</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sir_Arthur_Wellesley%2C_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png/170px-Sir_Arthur_Wellesley%2C_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sir_Arthur_Wellesley%2C_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png/255px-Sir_Arthur_Wellesley%2C_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sir_Arthur_Wellesley%2C_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png/340px-Sir_Arthur_Wellesley%2C_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3280" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">prime minister</a>, fought a duel against the <a href="/wiki/George_Finch-Hatton,_10th_Earl_of_Winchilsea" title="George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea">Earl of Winchilsea</a> in 1829 over the Duke's support for the rights of Irish Catholics and the independence of the newly established King's College London</figcaption></figure> The simultaneous support of <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington</a> (who was also <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> then), for an Anglican King's College London and the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Relief_Act_1829" title="Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829">Roman Catholic Relief Act</a>, which was to lead to the granting of almost full civil rights to Catholics, was challenged by <a href="/wiki/George_Finch-Hatton,_10th_Earl_of_Winchilsea" title="George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea">George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea</a>, in early 1829. Winchilsea and his supporters wished for King's to be subject to the <a href="/wiki/Test_Acts" class="mw-redirect" title="Test Acts">Test Acts</a>, like the universities of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a>, where only members of the Church of England could <a href="/wiki/Matriculation#United_Kingdom" title="Matriculation">matriculate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, where non-Anglicans could matriculate but not graduate,<a href="#cite_note-:4-28">[28]</a> but this was not Wellington's intent.<a href="#cite_note-:5-29">[29]</a> Winchilsea and about 150 other contributors withdrew their support of King's College London in response to Wellington's support of <a href="/wiki/Catholic_emancipation" title="Catholic emancipation">Catholic emancipation</a>. In a letter to Wellington, he accused the Duke to have in mind "insidious designs for the infringement of our liberty and the introduction of Popery into every department of the State".<a href="#cite_note-Holmes275-30">[30]</a> The letter provoked a furious exchange of correspondence and Wellington accused Winchilsea of imputing him with "disgraceful and criminal motives" in setting up King's College London. When Winchilsea refused to retract the remarks, Wellington – by his own admission, "no advocate of duelling" and a virgin duellist – demanded satisfaction in a contest of arms: "I now call upon your lordship to give me that satisfaction for your conduct which a gentleman has a right to require, and which a gentleman never refuses to give."<a href="#cite_note-duelexhibtion-31">[31]</a> The result was a <a href="/wiki/Duel" title="Duel">duel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Battersea_Park" title="Battersea Park">Battersea Fields</a> on 21 March 1829.<a href="#cite_note-Foundation-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-dueldayqa-32">[32]</a> Winchilsea did not fire, a plan he and his second almost certainly decided upon before the duel; Wellington took aim and fired wide to the right. Accounts differ as to whether Wellington missed on purpose. Wellington, noted for his poor aim, claimed he did, other reports more sympathetic to Winchilsea claimed he had aimed to kill.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Honour was saved and Winchilsea wrote Wellington an apology.<a href="#cite_note-Holmes275-30">[30]</a> "Duel Day" is still celebrated on the first Thursday after 21 March every year, marked by various events throughout King's, including reenactments.<a href="#cite_note-dueldayqa-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 19th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Williamotter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/42/Williamotter.jpg/220px-Williamotter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/42/Williamotter.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="358" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Otter" title="William Otter">William Otter</a> (1831–36), the first Principal of King's College London</figcaption></figure> King's opened in October 1831 with the cleric <a href="/wiki/William_Otter" title="William Otter">William Otter</a> appointed as first principal and lecturer in divinity.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> presided over the opening ceremony, in which a sermon was given in the chapel by <a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Blomfield" title="Charles James Blomfield">Charles James Blomfield</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_London" title="Bishop of London">Bishop of London</a>, on the subject of combining religious instruction with intellectual culture. Despite the attempts to make King's Anglican-only, the initial prospectus permitted, "nonconformists of all sorts to enter the college freely".<a href="#cite_note-Hearnshaw-35">[35]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Howley" title="William Howley">William Howley</a>: the governors and the professors, except the linguists, had to be members of the Church of England but the students did not,<a href="#cite_note-Hibbert-36">[36]</a> though attendance at chapel was compulsory.<a href="#cite_note-:6-37">[37]</a> King's was divided into a senior department and a junior department, also known as <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_School" title="King's College School">King's College School</a>, which was originally situated in the basement of the Strand Campus.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> The Junior department started with 85 pupils and only three teachers, but quickly grew to 500 by 1841, outgrowing its facilities and leading it to relocate to <a href="/wiki/Wimbledon,_London" title="Wimbledon, London">Wimbledon</a> in 1897 where it remains today, though it is no longer associated with King's College London.<a href="#cite_note-Hibbert-36">[36]</a> Within the Senior department teaching was divided into three courses: a general course comprised divinity, classical languages, mathematics, English literature and history; a medical course; and miscellaneous subjects, such as law, political economy and modern languages, which were not related to any systematic course of study at the time and depended for their continuance on the supply of occasional students.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> In 1833 the general course was reorganised leading to the award of the <a href="/wiki/Associate_of_King%27s_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate of King's College">Associate of King's College</a> (AKC), the first qualification issued by King's.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> The course, which concerns questions of ethics and theology, is still awarded today to students and staff who take an optional three-year course alongside their studies.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Strand102.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Strand102.jpg/220px-Strand102.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Strand102.jpg/330px-Strand102.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Strand102.jpg/440px-Strand102.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The Embankment terrace entrance to the Strand Campus overlooking the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a>, originally designed by <a href="/wiki/William_Chambers_(architect)" title="William Chambers (architect)">Sir William Chambers</a>, was completed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Smirke_(architect)" title="Robert Smirke (architect)">Sir Robert Smirke</a> in 1835</figcaption></figure> The river frontage was completed in April 1835 at a cost of £7,100,<a href="#cite_note-:7-39">[39]</a> its completion a condition of King's College London securing the site from the Crown.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> Unlike those in the school, student numbers in the Senior department remained almost stationary during King's first five years of existence. During this time the medical school was blighted by inefficiency and the divided loyalties of the staff leading to a steady decline in attendance. One of the most important appointments was that of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Charles Wheatstone</a> as professor of Experimental Philosophy.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> At this time neither King's, "London University", nor the medical schools at the London hospitals could confer degrees. In 1835 the government announced that it would establish an examining board to grant degrees, with "London University" and King's both becoming affiliated colleges. This became the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> in 1836, the former "London University" becoming University College, London (UCL).<a href="#cite_note-victorianweb.org-24">[24]</a> The first University of London degrees were awarded to King's College London students in 1839.<a href="#cite_note-historyandtoday-40">[40]</a> In 1840, King's opened its own <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">hospital</a> on Portugal Street near <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields" title="Lincoln's Inn Fields">Lincoln's Inn Fields</a>, an area composed of overcrowded <a href="/wiki/Rookery_(slum)" title="Rookery (slum)">rookeries</a> characterised by poverty and disease. The governance of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a> was later transferred to the corporation of the hospital established by the King's College Hospital Act 1851. The hospital moved to new premises in <a href="/wiki/Denmark_Hill" title="Denmark Hill">Denmark Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camberwell" title="Camberwell">Camberwell</a> in 1913. The appointment in 1877 of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister,_1st_Baron_Lister" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister">Joseph Lister</a> as professor of clinical surgery greatly benefited the medical school, and the introduction of Lister's <a href="/wiki/Antiseptic" title="Antiseptic">antiseptic</a> surgical methods gained the hospital an international reputation.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> In 1845 King's established a Military Department to train officers for the Army and the <a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">British East India Company</a>, and in 1846 a Theological Department to train Anglican priests. In 1855, King's pioneered evening classes in London;<a href="#cite_note-Hibbert-36">[36]</a> that King's granted students at the evening classes certificates of college attendance to enable them to sit University of London degree exams was cited as an example of the worthlessness of these certificates in the decision by the University of London to end the affiliated colleges system in 1858 and open their examinations to everyone.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United Kingdom legislation</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:100%">King's College London Act 1882</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281837%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281837%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281837%29.svg/210px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281837%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281837%29.svg/280px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281837%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1550" /><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/45_%26_46_Vict." class="mw-redirect" title="45 & 46 Vict.">45 & 46 Vict.</a> c. xiii</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">19 May 1882</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Other legislation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal">Repealed by</a></th><td class="infobox-data">King's College London Act 1978</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/Vict/45-46/13/pdfs/ukla_18820013_en.pdf">Text of statute as originally enacted</a></th></tr></tbody></table> The <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style>King's College London Act 1882 (<a href="/wiki/45_%26_46_Vict." class="mw-redirect" title="45 & 46 Vict.">45 & 46 Vict.</a> c. xiii) amended the constitution. The act removed the proprietorial nature of King's, changing the name of the corporation from "The Governors and Proprietors of King's College, London" to "King's College London" and annulling the 1829 charter (although King's remained incorporated under that charter). The act also changed King's College London from a (technically) for-profit corporation to a non-profit one (no dividends had ever been paid in over 50 years of operation) and extended the objects of King's to include the education of women.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The Ladies' Department of King's College London was opened in <a href="/wiki/Kensington_Square" title="Kensington Square">Kensington Square</a> in 1885, which later in 1902 became King's College Women's Department.<a href="#cite_note-historyandtoday-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 20th century">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin#King's_College_London" title="Rosalind Franklin">Contribution of King's College London to the discovery of the structure of DNA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Photo_51" title="Photo 51">Photo 51</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College_London_Students_Evacuated_To_Bristol,_England,_1940_D432.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/King%27s_College_London_Students_Evacuated_To_Bristol%2C_England%2C_1940_D432.jpg/220px-King%27s_College_London_Students_Evacuated_To_Bristol%2C_England%2C_1940_D432.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/King%27s_College_London_Students_Evacuated_To_Bristol%2C_England%2C_1940_D432.jpg/330px-King%27s_College_London_Students_Evacuated_To_Bristol%2C_England%2C_1940_D432.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/King%27s_College_London_Students_Evacuated_To_Bristol%2C_England%2C_1940_D432.jpg/440px-King%27s_College_London_Students_Evacuated_To_Bristol%2C_England%2C_1940_D432.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>Evacuated King's College London students at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">University of Bristol</a> during the Second World War</figcaption></figure> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United Kingdom legislation</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:100%">King's College London Act 1903</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/280px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1495" data-file-height="1482" /><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/3_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="3 Edw. 7">3 Edw. 7</a>. c. xcii</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">21 July 1903</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Other legislation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal">Repealed by</a></th><td class="infobox-data">King's College London Act 1978</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="background-color: #ffcccc;">Status: Repealed</div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/Edw7/3/92/pdfs/ukla_19030092_en.pdf">Text of statute as originally enacted</a></th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United Kingdom legislation</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:100%">King's College London (Transfer) Act 1908</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/280px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1495" data-file-height="1482" /><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/8_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="8 Edw. 7">8 Edw. 7</a>. c. xxxix</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 August 1908</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/Edw7/8/39/pdfs/ukla_19080039_en.pdf">Text of statute as originally enacted</a></th></tr></tbody></table> The <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">King's College London Act 1903 (<a href="/wiki/3_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="3 Edw. 7">3 Edw. 7</a>. c. xcii) abolished all remaining religious tests for staff, except within the Theological department. In 1910, King's was (with the exception of the Theological department) merged into the University of London under the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">King's College London (Transfer) Act 1908 (<a href="/wiki/8_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="8 Edw. 7">8 Edw. 7</a>. c. xxxix), losing its legal independence.<a href="#cite_note-UoL_Hist_Rec-43">[43]</a> During the First World War, the medical school was opened to women for the first time.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> From 1916 to 1921, the college's Department of Italian was headed by a woman, <a href="/wiki/Linetta_de_Castelvecchio_Richardson" title="Linetta de Castelvecchio Richardson">Linetta de Castelvecchio</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The end of the war saw an influx of students, which strained existing facilities to the point where some classes were held in the Principal's house.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> In World War II, the buildings of King's College London were used by the <a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_Fire_Service" title="Auxiliary Fire Service">Auxiliary Fire Service</a> with a number of King's staff, mainly those then known as college servants, serving as <a href="/wiki/Fire_lookouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire lookouts">firewatchers</a>. Parts of the Strand building, the <a href="/wiki/Quadrangle_(architecture)" title="Quadrangle (architecture)">quadrangle</a>, and the roof of <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apse</a> and stained glass windows of the chapel suffered bomb damage in <a href="/wiki/The_Blitz" title="The Blitz">the Blitz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> During the post-war reconstruction, the vaults beneath the quadrangle were replaced by a two-storey laboratory, which opened in 1952, for the departments of Physics and Civil and Electrical Engineering.<a href="#cite_note-HIST-20">[20]</a> One of the most famous pieces of scientific research performed at King's were the crucial contributions to the discovery of the <a href="/wiki/Double_helix" class="mw-redirect" title="Double helix">double helix</a> structure of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> in 1953 by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Maurice Wilkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin" title="Rosalind Franklin">Rosalind Franklin</a>, together with <a href="/wiki/Ray_Gosling" title="Ray Gosling">Raymond Gosling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alex_Stokes" class="mw-redirect" title="Alex Stokes">Alex Stokes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Wilson" title="Herbert Wilson">Herbert Wilson</a>, and other colleagues at the <a href="/wiki/Randall_Division_of_Cell_and_Molecular_Biophysics" title="Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics">Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics</a> at King's.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-Maurice_Wilkins_and_Rosalind_Franklin-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-King's,_DNA_&_the_continuing_story-49">[49]</a> Major reconstruction of King's began in 1966 following the publication of the <a href="/wiki/Robbins_Report" title="Robbins Report">Robbins Report</a> on Higher Education. A new block facing the Strand designed by E. D. Jefferiss Mathews was opened in 1972.<a href="#cite_note-Hibbert-36">[36]</a> In 1980 King's regained its legal independence under a new Royal Charter. In 1993 King's, along with other large University of London colleges, gained direct access to government funding (which had previously been through the university) and the right to confer University of London degrees itself. This contributed to King's and the other large colleges being regarded as de facto universities in their own right.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> King's College London underwent several mergers with other institutions in the late 20th century. These including the reincorporation in 1983 of the King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, which had become independent of King's College Hospital at the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service_(England)" title="National Health Service (England)">National Health Service</a> in 1948, mergers with <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_College" title="Queen Elizabeth College">Queen Elizabeth College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_College_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Chelsea College of Science and Technology">Chelsea College</a> in 1985, and the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Psychiatry">Institute of Psychiatry</a> in 1997. In 1998 the <a href="/wiki/United_Medical_and_Dental_Schools_of_Guy%27s_and_St_Thomas%27_Hospitals" title="United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals">United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals</a> merged with King's to form the <a href="/wiki/GKT_School_of_Medical_Education" title="GKT School of Medical Education">GKT School of Medical Education</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hibbert-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-historyandtoday-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dates-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-kingsdental-52">[52]</a> Also in 1998 <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a>'s original training school for nurses merged with the King's Department of Nursing Studies as the <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_School_of_Nursing_and_Midwifery" class="mw-redirect" title="Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery">Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery</a>. The same year King's acquired the former <a href="/wiki/Public_Record_Office" title="Public Record Office">Public Record Office</a> building on <a href="/wiki/Chancery_Lane" title="Chancery Lane">Chancery Lane</a> and converted it at a cost of £35 million into the <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a>, which opened in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-Hibbert-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maughan_Chancery_Lane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Maughan_Chancery_Lane.jpg/220px-Maughan_Chancery_Lane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Maughan_Chancery_Lane.jpg/330px-Maughan_Chancery_Lane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Maughan_Chancery_Lane.jpg/440px-Maughan_Chancery_Lane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a>. Following a £35m renovation, it is the largest new university library in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> since <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></figcaption></figure> In July 2006, King's College London was granted degree-awarding powers in its own right, as opposed to through the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Most_Honourable_Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council">Privy Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kings_Governance-54">[54]</a> This power remained unexercised until 2007, when King's announced that all students starting courses from September 2007 onwards would be awarded degrees conferred by King's itself, rather than by the University of London. The new certificates however still make reference to the fact that King's is a constituent college of the University of London.<a href="#cite_note-edguar-55">[55]</a> All current students with at least one year of study remaining were in August 2007 offered the option of choosing to be awarded a University of London degree or a King's degree. The first King's degrees were awarded in summer 2008.<a href="#cite_note-THE_KCL_degrees-56">[56]</a> In April 2011, King's became a founding partner in the UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation, subsequently renamed the <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a>, committing £40 million to the project.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The Chemistry department was reopened in 2011 following its closure in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> In February 2012, the Queen officially opened Somerset House East Wing.<a href="#cite_note-Queen_opens_Bush_House-59">[59]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College_London_Bush_House_Building_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/King%27s_College_London_Bush_House_Building_3.jpg/220px-King%27s_College_London_Bush_House_Building_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/King%27s_College_London_Bush_House_Building_3.jpg/330px-King%27s_College_London_Bush_House_Building_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/King%27s_College_London_Bush_House_Building_3.jpg/440px-King%27s_College_London_Bush_House_Building_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bush_House" title="Bush House">Bush House</a>, Strand Campus</figcaption></figure> In September 2014, King's College London opened <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Mathematics_School" title="King's College London Mathematics School">King's College London Mathematics School</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Free_school_(England)" title="Free school (England)">free school</a> <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form" title="Sixth form">sixth form</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Lambeth" title="Lambeth">Lambeth</a> that specialises in mathematics.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In October 2014, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Byrne_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ed Byrne (academic)">Ed Byrne</a> replaced <a href="/wiki/Rick_Trainor" title="Rick Trainor">Rick Trainor</a> as Principal of King's College London, the latter having served for 10 years. In December 2014, King's announced its plans to rebrand its name to 'King's London'. After concerns were raised by the students' union,<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> a statement from the college later in December emphasised that there were no plans to change the legal name of King's, and said that the branding of 'King's London' was "designed to promote King's and its place in London and also the fact that we are one of the world's great universities in our own right".<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> King's announced that the rebranding plans had been dropped in January 2015.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> In 2015, King's acquired a 50-year lease for the Aldwych Quarter site incorporating the historic <a href="/wiki/Bush_House" title="Bush House">Bush House</a>. It has been occupied since 2017.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Bush House was opened as part of the Strand Campus by the Queen in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-Queen_opens_Bush_House-59">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Campus">edit</a>]</div> King's is based on five campuses in central London.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Strand_Campus">Strand Campus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Strand Campus">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Strand_Campus" title="Strand Campus">Strand Campus</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KCL_King%27s_Building_3_Final.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/KCL_King%27s_Building_3_Final.jpg/220px-KCL_King%27s_Building_3_Final.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/KCL_King%27s_Building_3_Final.jpg/330px-KCL_King%27s_Building_3_Final.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/KCL_King%27s_Building_3_Final.jpg/440px-KCL_King%27s_Building_3_Final.jpg 2x" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="511" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">Grade I listed</a> King's Building in the Strand Quadrangle, designed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Smirke_(architect)" title="Robert Smirke (architect)">Sir Robert Smirke</a></figcaption></figure> The Strand Campus is the original campus of King's and is located on the <a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand</a> in the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster" title="City of Westminster">City of Westminster</a>. The campus is based around the <a href="/wiki/Listed_building#England_and_Wales" title="Listed building">Grade I listed</a> original <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Building,_London" title="King's Building, London">King's Building</a> built for the college in 1831, designed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Smirke_(architect)" title="Robert Smirke (architect)">Sir Robert Smirke</a>, adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House">Somerset House</a> and sharing its frontage along the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College London Chapel">King's College London Chapel</a>, redesigned in 1864 by <a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Gilbert_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir George Gilbert Scott">Sir George Gilbert Scott</a>.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The campus also includes buildings along the adjacent Surrey Street, the Strand Building and the east wing of Somerset House. Beyond this contiguous complex of buildings, the campus also includes <a href="/wiki/Bush_House" title="Bush House">Bush House</a> on the opposite side of the Strand, the Virginia Woolf Building on <a href="/wiki/Kingsway,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingsway, London">Kingsway</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a> and etc.venues on <a href="/wiki/Chancery_Lane" title="Chancery Lane">Chancery Lane</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Strand-68">[68]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College_London_Chapel_2,_London_-_Diliff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/King%27s_College_London_Chapel_2%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg/220px-King%27s_College_London_Chapel_2%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/King%27s_College_London_Chapel_2%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg/330px-King%27s_College_London_Chapel_2%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/King%27s_College_London_Chapel_2%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg/440px-King%27s_College_London_Chapel_2%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7000" data-file-height="5280" /></a><figcaption>The King's College London Chapel inside the King's Building, redesigned in 1864 by <a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Gilbert_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir George Gilbert Scott">Sir George Gilbert Scott</a></figcaption></figure> The Strand Campus houses the arts and science faculties of King's, including the faculties of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_School_of_Arts_%26_Humanities" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College London School of Arts & Humanities">arts and humanities</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law" title="The Dickson Poon School of Law">law</a>, natural and mathematical sciences, social science and public policy, and business, as well as the King's Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-Strand-68">[68]</a> The students' union runs the Shack café and the Vault bar in Bush House on the Strand Campus,<a href="#cite_note-Shack-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-Vault-70">[70]</a> and has two contact hubs on the campus, also in Bush House.<a href="#cite_note-KCLSU_hubs-71">[71]</a> The nearest <a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">Underground</a> station is <a href="/wiki/Temple_tube_station" title="Temple tube station">Temple</a>, a two minute walk from the campus.<a href="#cite_note-Strand-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guy's_Campus">Guy's Campus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Guy's Campus">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Campus" title="Guy's Campus">Guy's Campus</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KCL_Guys_Campus1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/KCL_Guys_Campus1.jpg/220px-KCL_Guys_Campus1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/KCL_Guys_Campus1.jpg/330px-KCL_Guys_Campus1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/KCL_Guys_Campus1.jpg/440px-KCL_Guys_Campus1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="491" /></a><figcaption>The Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus</figcaption></figure> Guy's Campus is close to <a href="/wiki/London_Bridge" title="London Bridge">London Bridge</a> on the <a href="/wiki/South_Bank" title="South Bank">South Bank</a> of the Thames and is adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital" title="Guy's Hospital">Guy's Hospital</a>. It is home to the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_School_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College London School of Medicine">faculty of life sciences and medicine</a> (also at the Waterloo Campus), the dental institute, and the institute of psychiatry, psychology and neuroscience (also at the Denmark Hill Campus).<a href="#cite_note-Guys-72">[72]</a> Buildings include: the Henriette Raphael building,<a href="#cite_note-Guys-72">[72]</a> the Hodgkin building<a href="#cite_note-Guys-72">[72]</a> and Shepherd's House.<a href="#cite_note-Guys-72">[72]</a> The campus is also home to the <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Museum_of_Pathology" title="Gordon Museum of Pathology">Gordon Museum of Pathology</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Life_Sciences" title="Museum of Life Sciences">Museum of Life Sciences</a> (neither of which is open to the public),<a href="#cite_note-Gordon_Museum-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-Life_Sciences_Museum-74">[74]</a> as well as the Chapel of Thomas Guy.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The <a href="/wiki/KCLSU" class="mw-redirect" title="KCLSU">Students' Union</a> runs Guy's Bar, Guy's Café and a contact hub on the Guy's Campus.<a href="#cite_note-KCLSU_hubs-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guys_Bar-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guys_Cafe-77">[77]</a> The Great Dover Street Apartments and Wolfson House halls of residence are close to the campus.<a href="#cite_note-Guys-72">[72]</a> The hospital and the campus are named after <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Guy" title="Thomas Guy">Thomas Guy</a>, who established the hospital with money from his investments in the slave-trading <a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Company" title="South Sea Company">South Sea Company</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Thomas_Guy" title="Statue of Thomas Guy">statue of Thomas Guy</a>, installed in 1734 and owned by the Guy’s and St Thomas’ Foundation, stands outside the hospital, on the grounds of the university campus. This was boarded up in 2020, following the <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">George Floyd protests</a>, it was de-boarded for conservation work, with temporary interpretation added, in November 2022.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Permanent interpretation was installed in November 2023.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> The nearest Underground station is <a href="/wiki/London_Bridge_tube_station" class="mw-redirect" title="London Bridge tube station">London Bridge</a>, a one minute walk from the campus.<a href="#cite_note-Guys-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Waterloo_Campus">Waterloo Campus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Waterloo Campus">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Franklin-wilkins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Franklin-wilkins.jpg/220px-Franklin-wilkins.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Franklin-wilkins.jpg/330px-Franklin-wilkins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Franklin-wilkins.jpg/440px-Franklin-wilkins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>The Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus</figcaption></figure> The Waterloo Campus is in <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lambeth" title="London Borough of Lambeth">Lambeth</a>, across <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Bridge" title="Waterloo Bridge">Waterloo Bridge</a> from the Strand Campus and adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Southbank_Centre" title="Southbank Centre">Southbank Centre</a>. It has three main buildings: the James Clerk Maxwell Building, the Franklin–Wilkins Building (one of the largest university buildings in London) and the Stamford Street Apartments (student accommodation).<a href="#cite_note-Waterloo-82">[82]</a> The campus is home to the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery and parts of the faculty of life sciences and medicine (also on Guy's Campus); the faculty of social science and public policy (also on the Strand Campus); and the London Dental Education Centre, part of the Dental Institute (also on the Guy's and Denmark Hill campuses).<a href="#cite_note-Waterloo-82">[82]</a> The students' union has a contact hub in the Franlin-Wilkins Building.<a href="#cite_note-KCLSU_hubs-71">[71]</a> The nearest Underground station is <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_tube_station" title="Waterloo tube station">Waterloo</a>, a four minute walk from the campus.<a href="#cite_note-Waterloo-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="St_Thomas'_Campus">St Thomas' Campus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: St Thomas' Campus">edit</a>]</div> The St Thomas' Campus is located at <a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27_Hospital" title="St Thomas' Hospital">St Thomas' Hospital</a>, named after <a href="/wiki/St_Thomas_Becket" class="mw-redirect" title="St Thomas Becket">St Thomas Becket</a>, in <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lambeth" title="London Borough of Lambeth">Lambeth</a>, facing the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Houses of Parliament</a> across the Thames. It carries out continuing medical and dental training as well as housing the <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_Museum" title="Florence Nightingale Museum">Florence Nightingale Museum</a>, an independent charity.<a href="#cite_note-St_Thomas'_Campus-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The nearest Underground station is <a href="/wiki/Lambeth_North_tube_station" title="Lambeth North tube station"> Lambeth North</a>, seven minutes from the campus.<a href="#cite_note-St_Thomas'_Campus-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denmark_Hill_Campus">Denmark Hill Campus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Denmark Hill Campus">edit</a>]</div> The Denmark Hill Campus is situated in <a href="/wiki/Camberwell" title="Camberwell">Camberwell</a> in <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Southwark" title="London Borough of Southwark">Southwark</a>. It is the home of the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience" title="Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience</a> (IoPPN) and also houses parts of the dental institute and the faculty of medicine and life sciences.<a href="#cite_note-Denmark_Hill_Campus-85">[85]</a> The students' union has a contact hub in the IoPPN.<a href="#cite_note-KCLSU_hubs-71">[71]</a> The nearest <a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground">Overground</a> station is <a href="/wiki/Denmark_Hill_railway_station" title="Denmark Hill railway station">Denmark Hill</a>, adjacent to the campus.<a href="#cite_note-Denmark_Hill_Campus-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sites">Other sites</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other sites">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Halls_of_residence">Halls of residence</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Halls of residence">edit</a>]</div> King's has halls of residence across central London. With the exception of the Stamford Street Apartments on the Waterloo Campus, these are separate sites from the college's campuses.<a href="#cite_note-Waterloo-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-halls-86">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sports_grounds">Sports grounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sports grounds">edit</a>]</div> The college has two sports grounds, at <a href="/wiki/New_Malden" title="New Malden">New Malden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honor_Oak" title="Honor Oak">Honor Oak</a> Park in London.<a href="#cite_note-sports_grounds-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Shrivenham">Shrivenham</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Shrivenham">edit</a>]</div> Whilst not a formal campus, King's retains an academic presence and estate at the <a href="/wiki/Defence_Academy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Defence Academy of the United Kingdom">Defence Academy of the United Kingdom</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shrivenham" title="Shrivenham">Shrivenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>. Through its Defence Studies Department, King's has delivered professional military training to much of the UK armed services through the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Services_Command_and_Staff_College" title="Joint Services Command and Staff College">Joint Services Command and Staff College</a> since 2000 under contract to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Newquay">Newquay</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Newquay">edit</a>]</div> The King's Service Centre, established in 2015 to provide professional services and IT support to the university, is located in <a href="/wiki/Newquay" title="Newquay">Newquay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation_and_administration">Organisation and administration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Organisation and administration">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Wace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Henry_Wace.jpg/220px-Henry_Wace.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Henry_Wace.jpg/330px-Henry_Wace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Henry_Wace.jpg/440px-Henry_Wace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1526" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Principal from 1883 to 1897, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wace_(priest)" title="Henry Wace (priest)">Henry Wace</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Principals_of_King%27s_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Principals of King's College London">List of Principals of King's College London</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Deans_of_King%27s_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Deans of King's College London">List of Deans of King's College London</a></div> The office of "President and Principal of the University" is established by King's royal charter as "the <a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Chancellor">Vice-Chancellor</a> and chief academic and executive officer of the University"<a href="#cite_note-charter-91">[91]</a> and the statutes require the president and principal to have the general responsibility to the council for "ensuring that the objects of the University are fulfilled and for maintaining and promoting the efficiency, discipline and good order of the University".<a href="#cite_note-statutes-92">[92]</a> The current president and principal, <a href="/wiki/Shitij_Kapur" title="Shitij Kapur">Shitij Kapur</a>, uses the title "Vice-Chancellor and President".<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> The other senior officers of the college include three senior vice presidents, covering the areas of: academic; health and life science; and operations. There are also five vice presidents covering the areas of: finance (also the college's chief financial officer); education and student success; international, engagement and service; research and innovation; and people and talent.<a href="#cite_note-SeniorOfficers-94">[94]</a> The <a href="/wiki/University_council" title="University council">council</a> is the supreme governing body of King's College London established under the charter and statutes, comprising up to 20 members. Its membership includes the President of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union" title="King's College London Students' Union">King's College London Students' Union</a> (KCLSU) as the student member; seven staff members (including the President and Principal); and 12 lay members who must not be employees of King's.<a href="#cite_note-charter-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-statutes-92">[92]</a> It is supported by a number of standing committees.<a href="#cite_note-councilstructure-95">[95]</a> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Geidt" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher Geidt">Christopher Geidt</a> has been the chair of council since 2016.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Academic_senate" title="Academic senate">academic board</a> is established under the charter as "the body responsible under delegated authority from the Council for the regulation of the academic work of the University in teaching and examining and in research".<a href="#cite_note-charter-91">[91]</a> Under the college ordinances, they are the body responsible for the award of degrees and other academic distinctions of the university.<a href="#cite_note-ordinances-98">[98]</a> The academic board is chaired by the vice-chancellor and president with ex officio members being the senior vice presidents, vice presidents, executive deans, the president and education vice presidents of the students’ union, the dean for doctoral studies, and the Dean of King's College; 45 academic staff elected by the faculties; 3 teaching staff elected from the Centre for International Education & Languages; three members elected from the professional staff; and an elected student representative from each faculty.<a href="#cite_note-ordinances-98">[98]</a> The Dean of King's College London is established by the ordinances as being "responsible for ensuring that the College builds upon the Anglican tradition associated with its foundation and, in recognition of the multiethnic and international nature of its community, encourages and supports all its members of all beliefs and backgrounds" and has to be an ordained minister of the Church of England. They are also responsible for the academic direction of the <a href="/wiki/Associateship_of_King%27s_College" title="Associateship of King's College">Associateship of King's College</a> and coordinate the college chaplaincy,<a href="#cite_note-ordinances-98">[98]</a> and the Choir of King's College London, which includes a number of choral scholarships,<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> and of encourage and foster vocations to the Church of England <a href="/wiki/Priesthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Priesthood">priesthood</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> The current dean is <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Clark-King" title="Ellen Clark-King">Ellen Clark-King</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SeniorOfficers-94">[94]</a> That the dean is an ordained person is unusual among British universities, but reflects King's foundation in the tradition of the Church of England in 1829.<a href="#cite_note-dean-101">[101]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> was previously King's College London's <a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">visitor</a> by right of office owing to the Anglican foundation of King's.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Under the 2023 royal charter, the visitor is appointed by the monarch on the representation of the council of the university.<a href="#cite_note-charter-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faculties_and_departments">Faculties and departments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Faculties and departments">edit</a>]</div> In the 19th century, King's College London had five departments: theological, general literature and science, applied sciences, medical, and military.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-Calendar1857-104">[104]</a> The theological department provided studies in <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesiastical history">ecclesiastical history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pastoral_theology" title="Pastoral theology">pastoral theology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Exegesis" title="Exegesis">exegesis</a> of the Bible.<a href="#cite_note-Calendar1857-104">[104]</a> Languages and literature, history, law and jurisprudence, political economy, commerce, fencing, mathematics, zoology and natural history were taught within the department of general literature and science,<a href="#cite_note-Calendar1857-104">[104]</a> and natural philosophy, geology, mineralogy and engineering-related subjects were taught within the department of applied sciences.<a href="#cite_note-Calendar1857-104">[104]</a> As of 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit">[update]</a>, King's comprises nine academic faculties: arts and humanities; business; dentistry, oral and craniofacial sciences; law; life sciences and medicine; natural, mathematical and engineering sciences; nursing, midwifery and palliative care; psychiatry, psychology and neuroscience; and social science and public policy.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faculty_of_arts_and_humanities">Faculty of arts and humanities</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Faculty of arts and humanities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Auto-icon_of_Virginia_Woolf_at_King%27s_College_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Auto-icon_of_Virginia_Woolf_at_King%27s_College_London.jpg/220px-Auto-icon_of_Virginia_Woolf_at_King%27s_College_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Auto-icon_of_Virginia_Woolf_at_King%27s_College_London.jpg/330px-Auto-icon_of_Virginia_Woolf_at_King%27s_College_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Auto-icon_of_Virginia_Woolf_at_King%27s_College_London.jpg/440px-Auto-icon_of_Virginia_Woolf_at_King%27s_College_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2726" data-file-height="2097" /></a><figcaption>Life-size wax sculpture of <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolf" title="Virginia Woolf">Virginia Woolf</a>, a writer and alumna of King's</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Faculty_of_Arts_and_Humanities" title="King's College London Faculty of Arts and Humanities">King's College London Faculty of Arts and Humanities</a></div> The faculty of arts and humanities is based on the Strand Campus in the heart of central <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, in the vicinity of many cultural institutions, and has established collaborations with many of these, including <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Globe" title="Shakespeare's Globe">Shakespeare's Globe</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> The faculty was formed in 1989 by the amalgamation of the faculties of arts, music and theology.<a href="#cite_note-art&human-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faculty_of_dentistry,_oral_and_craniofacial_Sciences">Faculty of dentistry, oral and craniofacial Sciences</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Faculty of dentistry, oral and craniofacial Sciences">edit</a>]</div> The faculty of dentistry, oral and craniofacial sciences (formerly the dental institute) is the <a href="/wiki/Dental_school" title="Dental school">dental school</a> of King's and focuses on understanding disease, enhancing health and restoring function.<a href="#cite_note-dental-108">[108]</a> It is the successor of education carried out at Guy's Dental Hospital, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dental_Hospital" title="Royal Dental Hospital">Royal Dental Hospital</a>'s London School of Dental Surgery, and King's College Hospital Dental School. These became a single institution in 1998 with the merger of the united medical and dental schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals with King's school of medicine and dentistry.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The history of dentistry education at the institutions that would eventually become the faculty started in 1799, when Joseph Fox gave a series of lectures on dental surgery at Guy's Hospital and was appointed dental surgeon in the same year.<a href="#cite_note-guysdental-110">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bell_(zoologist)" title="Thomas Bell (zoologist)">Thomas Bell</a> succeeded Fox as dental surgeon either in 1817 or 1825.<a href="#cite_note-guysdental-110">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Newland-Pedley" title="Frederick Newland-Pedley">Frederick Newland-Pedley</a>, who was appointed assistant dental surgeon at Guy's Hospital in 1885, advocated the establishment of a dental school within the hospital, and he flooded the two dental schools in London, the Metropolitan School of Dental Science and the London School of Dental Surgery, with patients to prove that a further hospital was needed.<a href="#cite_note-guysdental-110">[110]</a> In December 1888, Guy's Hospital Dental School was established.<a href="#cite_note-guysdental-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Guy's Hospital Dental School was recognised as a school of the University of London in 1901. In the 1970s, since there was a decline in the demand for dental services, the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Health (United Kingdom)">Department of Health</a> of the UK suggested that there should be a decrease in the number of dental undergraduate students as well as the duration of all courses.<a href="#cite_note-guysdental-110">[110]</a> In response to the recommendations, Royal Dental Hospital of London School of Dental Surgery amalgamated with the Guy's Hospital Dental School of the <a href="/wiki/United_Medical_and_Dental_Schools_of_Guy%27s_and_St_Thomas%27_Hospitals" title="United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals">United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals</a> on 1 August 1983.<a href="#cite_note-guysdental-110">[110]</a> The establishment of King's College Hospital Dental School was proposed by <a href="/wiki/William_Smith,_3rd_Viscount_Hambleden" title="William Smith, 3rd Viscount Hambleden">Viscount Hambleden</a> at a Hospital Management Committee meeting on 12 April 1923. The dental school was opened on 12 November 1923 in King's College Hospital.<a href="#cite_note-kingsdental-52">[52]</a> Under the 1948 National Health Act, King's Medical and Dental School split from King's and became an independent school, but the school remerged with King's in 1983.<a href="#cite_note-kingsdental-52">[52]</a> The school further merged with the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-kingsdental-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faculty_of_life_sciences_and_medicine">Faculty of life sciences and medicine</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Faculty of life sciences and medicine">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shepherd%27s_House_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1137898.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Shepherd%27s_House_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1137898.jpg/220px-Shepherd%27s_House_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1137898.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Shepherd%27s_House_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1137898.jpg/330px-Shepherd%27s_House_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1137898.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Shepherd%27s_House_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1137898.jpg/440px-Shepherd%27s_House_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1137898.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The faculty of life sciences and medicine is located at four campuses including Guy's Campus</figcaption></figure> The faculty of life sciences and medicine was created as a result of the merger of the school of medicine with the school of biomedical sciences in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> There are two schools of education in the Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine: the <a href="/wiki/GKT_School_of_Medical_Education" title="GKT School of Medical Education">GKT School of Medical Education</a> is responsible for the medical education and training of students on the <a href="/wiki/MBBS" class="mw-redirect" title="MBBS">MBBS</a> programme, and the school of bioscience education is responsible for the biomedical and health professions education and training.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The faculty is divided into schools of basic and medical biosciences; biomedical engineering and imaging sciences; cancer and pharmaceutical science, cardiovascular medicine and sciences; immunology and microbial sciences; life course sciences; and population health sciences.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience">Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience" title="Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience" title="Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience</a> (IoPPN) is a faculty and a research institution dedicated to discovering what causes <a href="/wiki/Mental_illness" class="mw-redirect" title="Mental illness">mental illness</a> and diseases of the <a href="/wiki/Brain" title="Brain">brain</a>, and to help identify new treatments of the diseases.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> The institute is the largest centre for research and postgraduate education in psychiatry, psychology and neuroscience in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Originally established in 1924 as the Maudsley Hospital Medical School, the institute changed its name to the Institute of Psychiatry in 1948, merged with King's College London in 1997, and was renamed IoPPN in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law">Dickson Poon School of Law</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Dickson Poon School of Law">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law" title="The Dickson Poon School of Law">The Dickson Poon School of Law</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Dickson Poon School of Law">Dickson Poon School of Law</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Law_school" title="Law school">law school</a> of King's. Law has been taught at King's since 1831 and the faculty of laws was founded (in association with the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a>) in 1909, becoming the school of law in 1991.<a href="#cite_note-law-119">[119]</a> The school includes various research centres and groups which serve as focal points for research activity.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faculty_of_natural,_mathematical_and_engineering_sciences">Faculty of natural, mathematical and engineering sciences</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Faculty of natural, mathematical and engineering sciences">edit</a>]</div> The faculty includes the departments of chemistry, engineering, informatics, mathematics, and physics.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The teaching of experimental physics at King's was the first in England and professors of experimental physics have included <a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_A._Wilson_(physicist)" title="Harold A. Wilson (physicist)">Harold A. Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Charles Glover Barkla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" class="mw-redirect" title="Owen Willans Richardson">Sir Owen Richardson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Edward_Appleton" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Edward Appleton">Sir Edward Appleton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Drummond_Ellis" title="Charles Drummond Ellis">Sir Charles Ellis</a>, three of whom became Nobel laureates.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <a href="/wiki/Copley_Medal" title="Copley Medal">Copley medallist</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Frederic_Daniell" title="John Frederic Daniell">John Frederic Daniell</a> was the first professor of chemistry at King's and established the first chemical laboratory in 1834. Chemistry was originally part of the medical department and became a separate department in 1958; this closed in 2003 due to a decline in student numbers and reduced funding. The department was reestablished in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-chem-123">[123]</a> Teaching of engineering at King's was established in 1838, a year after Durham, making it the second <a href="/wiki/School_of_engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="School of engineering">school of engineering</a> established in the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> The department of engineering was the largest engineering school in the UK in 1893.<a href="#cite_note-kclengineering-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> The division of engineering was closed in 2013, with the current department of engineering being established in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-kclengineering-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Florence_Nightingale_Faculty_of_Nursing,_Midwifery_and_Palliative_Care">Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_Faculty_of_Nursing_and_Midwifery" title="Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery">Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Florence_nightingale_at_st_thomas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Florence_nightingale_at_st_thomas.jpg/220px-Florence_nightingale_at_st_thomas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Florence_nightingale_at_st_thomas.jpg/330px-Florence_nightingale_at_st_thomas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Florence_nightingale_at_st_thomas.jpg/440px-Florence_nightingale_at_st_thomas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="346" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a> and her class of nurses</figcaption></figure> The Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care is a school for nurses and midwives. It also carries out nursing research and provides continuing professional development and postgraduate programmes. Formerly known as the Nightingale Training School and Home for Nurses, the faculty was established by <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a> in 1860, and was the first nursing school in the world to be continuously connected to a fully serving hospital and medical school.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The Nightingale Training School amalgamated with the Olive Haydon School of Midwifery and the Thomas Guy and Lewisham School of Nursing between 1991 and 1993 to form the Nightingale College of Health, which became part of King's in 1993. In 2017 it merged with the Cicely Saunders Institute, a centre for research and education in palliative care, to become the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faculty_of_social_science_and_public_policy">Faculty of social science and public policy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Faculty of social science and public policy">edit</a>]</div> The faculty of social science and public policy contains the schools of politics and economics; <a href="/wiki/School_of_Education,_Communication_and_Society" title="School of Education, Communication and Society">education, communication and society</a>; global affairs; security studies; the international school for government; and the policy institute.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Department_of_War_Studies,_King%27s_College_London" title="Department of War Studies, King's College London">department of war studies</a>, within the school of security studies, is unique in the UK and is supported by research facilities such as the King's Centre for Strategic Communications, <a href="/wiki/Liddell_Hart_Centre_for_Military_Archives" title="Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives">Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives</a> and the King's Centre for Military Health Research.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="King's_Business_School">King's Business School</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: King's Business School">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Business_School" title="King's Business School">King's Business School</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bush_House_30_Aldwych,_London_WC2B_4BG_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Bush_House_30_Aldwych%2C_London_WC2B_4BG_%283%29.jpg/220px-Bush_House_30_Aldwych%2C_London_WC2B_4BG_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Bush_House_30_Aldwych%2C_London_WC2B_4BG_%283%29.jpg/330px-Bush_House_30_Aldwych%2C_London_WC2B_4BG_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Bush_House_30_Aldwych%2C_London_WC2B_4BG_%283%29.jpg/440px-Bush_House_30_Aldwych%2C_London_WC2B_4BG_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>King's Business School is based in <a href="/wiki/Bush_House" title="Bush House">Bush House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aldwych" title="Aldwych">Aldwych</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">Central London</a></figcaption></figure> King's Business School was established in 1989. In 2017 it became a faculty of the college as King's Business School and moved into <a href="/wiki/Bush_House" title="Bush House">Bush House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> From 2023, it has held <a href="/wiki/Triple_accreditation" title="Triple accreditation">triple accreditation</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_MBAs" title="Association of MBAs">Association of MBAs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/EFMD_Quality_Improvement_System" title="EFMD Quality Improvement System">EFMD Quality Improvement System</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Association_to_Advance_Collegiate_Schools_of_Business" title="Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business">Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finances">Finances</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Finances">edit</a>]</div> In the financial year ending 31 July 2024, King's had a total income of £1.271 billion (2022/23 – £1.230 million) and total expenditure of £944 million (2022/23 – £1.102 billion).<a href="#cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">[4]</a> Key sources of income included £630.5 million from tuition fees and education contracts (2022/23 – £607.8 million), £144.9 million from funding body grants (2022/23 – £148.3 million), £256.9 million from research grants and contracts (2022/23 – £236.3 million), £26.7 million from investment income (2022/23 – £18 million) and £23.7 million from donations and endowments (2022/23 – £28.9 million).<a href="#cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">[4]</a> At year end, King's had endowments of £324.8 million (2022/23 – £301 million) and total net assets of £1.671 billion (2022/23 – £1.323 billion).<a href="#cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">[4]</a> It holds the <a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_endowment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by endowment">fourth-largest endowment</a> of any university in the UK behind only <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Coat of arms">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_King%E2%80%99s_College_London_(1829-1985).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Coat_of_Arms_of_King%E2%80%99s_College_London_%281829-1985%29.png/220px-Coat_of_Arms_of_King%E2%80%99s_College_London_%281829-1985%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Coat_of_Arms_of_King%E2%80%99s_College_London_%281829-1985%29.png/330px-Coat_of_Arms_of_King%E2%80%99s_College_London_%281829-1985%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Coat_of_Arms_of_King%E2%80%99s_College_London_%281829-1985%29.png/440px-Coat_of_Arms_of_King%E2%80%99s_College_London_%281829-1985%29.png 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption>King's coat of arms used from 1829 to 1985</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kingsbuilding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Kingsbuilding.jpg/220px-Kingsbuilding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Kingsbuilding.jpg/330px-Kingsbuilding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Kingsbuilding.jpg/440px-Kingsbuilding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2826" data-file-height="2106" /></a><figcaption>Entrance and coat of arms of the 19th century King's Building, Strand Campus</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Coat of arms of King's College London">Coat of arms of King's College London</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> displayed on the King's College London charter is that of George IV. The shield depicts the <a href="/wiki/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom">royal coat of arms</a> together with an <a href="/wiki/Inescutcheon" title="Inescutcheon">inescutcheon</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Hanover" title="House of Hanover">House of Hanover</a>, while the supporters embody King's motto of sancte et sapienter. No correspondence is believed to have survived regarding the choice of this coat of arms, either in King's archives or at the <a href="/wiki/College_of_Arms" title="College of Arms">College of Arms</a>, and a variety of unofficial adaptations were used. The college was fined 20 shillings by <a href="/wiki/London_County_Council" title="London County Council">London County Council</a> in 1911 for using these arms without a licence. The current arms came into use in October 1989 but were not formally granted until 1995.<a href="#cite_note-QEC-135">[135]</a> These were developed following the mergers with Queen Elizabeth College and Chelsea College in 1985 and incorporate aspects of their heraldry.<a href="#cite_note-Branding_Essentials-8">[8]</a> The official coat of arms, in <a href="/wiki/Blazon" title="Blazon">heraldic terminology</a>, is:<a href="#cite_note-coatofarms-136">[136]</a> Arms: <blockquote>Or on a Pale Azure between two Lions rampant respectant Gules an Anchor Gold ensigned by a Royal Crown proper on a Chief Argent an Ancient Lamp proper inflamed Gold between two Blazing Hearths also proper.</blockquote> The crest and supporters: <blockquote>On a Helm with a Wreath Or and Azure Upon a Book proper rising from a Coronet Or the rim set with jewels two Azure (one manifest) four Vert (two manifest) and two Gules a demi Lion Gules holding a Rod of Dexter a female figure habited Azure the cloak lined coif and sleeves Argent holding in the exterior hand a Lond Cross botony Gold and sinister a male figure the Long Coat Azure trimmed with Sable proper shirt Argent holding in the interior hand a Book proper.</blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Coats_of_arms_of_the_medical_schools">Coats of arms of the medical schools</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Coats of arms of the medical schools">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guy%27s_hospital_crest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Guy%27s_hospital_crest.jpg/220px-Guy%27s_hospital_crest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Guy%27s_hospital_crest.jpg/330px-Guy%27s_hospital_crest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Guy%27s_hospital_crest.jpg/440px-Guy%27s_hospital_crest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>Guy's coat of arms, displayed above the entrance to Guy's Campus</figcaption></figure> Although the <a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27s_Hospital_Medical_School" title="St Thomas's Hospital Medical School">St Thomas's Hospital Medical School</a> and Guy's Medical School became legal bodies separate from <a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27_Hospital" title="St Thomas' Hospital">St Thomas' Hospital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital" title="Guy's Hospital">Guy's Hospital</a> in 1948, the tradition of using the hospitals' shields and coat of arms continues today.<a href="#cite_note-basics-137">[137]</a> In 1949, St Thomas's Hospital Medical School was granted its own coat of arms. However, the St Thomas' Hospital coat of arms has still been used.<a href="#cite_note-basics-137">[137]</a> Guy's Medical School proposed to apply for its own coat of arms after separating from Guy's Hospital, yet the school decided to continue to use Guy's Hospital's arms in 1954.<a href="#cite_note-basics-137">[137]</a> The two medical schools merged in 1982 and became the <a href="/wiki/United_Medical_and_Dental_Schools_of_Guy%27s_and_St_Thomas%27_Hospitals" title="United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals">United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals</a> (UMDS). Simon Argles, secretary of UMDS, said that because of the name of the medical school it was more appropriate to use the hospital's coat of arms.<a href="#cite_note-basics-137">[137]</a> UMDS merged with <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a> to become <a href="/wiki/GKT_School_of_Medical_Education" title="GKT School of Medical Education">Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine</a> in 1998. The shields of Guy's and St Thomas' hospitals are used in conjunction with King's shield in the medical schools' publications and graduation materials.<a href="#cite_note-basics-137">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Affiliations_and_partnerships">Affiliations and partnerships</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Affiliations and partnerships">edit</a>]</div> King's College London is a member institution and was one of the two founding colleges of the federal <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> In 1998, King's joined the <a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a>, an association of 24 public <a href="/wiki/Research_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Research universities">research universities</a> established in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> King's is also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Institutional_Network_of_the_Universities_from_the_Capitals_of_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Institutional Network of the Universities from the Capitals of Europe">Institutional Network of the Universities from the Capitals of Europe</a> (UNICA), a network of higher education institutions based in European capital cities,<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities" title="Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities">Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Networks-141">[141]</a> the Circle U <a href="/wiki/European_Higher_Education_Area#European_Universities_initiative" title="European Higher Education Area">European University alliance</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Networks-141">[141]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">Association of Commonwealth Universities</a> (ACU),<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> the <a href="/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">European University Association</a> (EUA)<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Universities_UK" title="Universities UK">Universities UK</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> King's is typically regarded as part of the "<a href="/wiki/Golden_triangle_(universities)" title="Golden triangle (universities)">golden triangle</a>", a grouping of research universities located in the English cities of Cambridge, Oxford and London that generally also includes the universities of Cambridge and Oxford, Imperial College London, the London School of Economics, and University College London.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> King's College London is also a part of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Health_Partners" title="King's Health Partners">King's Health Partners</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Academic_health_science_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic health science centre">academic health science centre</a> comprises <a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital" title="Guy's Hospital">Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust</a>, <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a> NHS Foundation Trust, <a href="/wiki/South_London_and_Maudsley_NHS_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="South London and Maudsley NHS Trust">South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust</a> and King's College London itself.<a href="#cite_note-heartop-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-evnstan-160">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> King's is a participant and one of the founding members of the <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a>.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Furthermore, launched in 2014, <a href="/wiki/MedCity_(London)" title="MedCity (London)">MedCity</a> is the collaboration between King's and the other two main science universities in London, Imperial College and University College London.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> In 2016, King's College London, together with <a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_New_South_Wales" title="University of New South Wales">University of New South Wales</a>, formed the <a href="/wiki/PLuS_Alliance" title="PLuS Alliance">PLuS Alliance</a>, an international university alliance to address global challenges.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> King's was also a founding member of <a href="/wiki/FutureLearn" title="FutureLearn">FutureLearn</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Massive_open_online_course" title="Massive open online course">massive open online course</a> learning platform established in December 2012.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> King's offers joint degrees with many universities and other institutions, including <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Joint_Degrees-167">[167]</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris_1_Pantheon-Sorbonne" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne">University of Paris I</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Joint_Degrees-167">[167]</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hong_Kong" title="University of Hong Kong">University of Hong Kong</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Joint_Degrees-167">[167]</a> <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Singapore" title="National University of Singapore">National University of Singapore</a>,<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cultural_partners-169">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cultural_partners-169">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tate_Modern" title="Tate Modern">Tate Modern</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cultural_partners-169">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Globe" title="Shakespeare's Globe">Shakespeare's Globe</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cultural_partners-169">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery" title="National Gallery">National Gallery</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cultural_partners-169">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a><a href="#cite_note-cultural_partners-169">[169]</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> In the field of <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Mathematics</a>, King's College London has a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a> running the London School of Geometry and Number Theory (LSGNT), which is an EPSRC-funded Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT). The LSGNT offers a wide range of 4-year <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a> research projects in different aspects of number theory, geometry and topology.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> Another partnership King's College London has with both <a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a> is the field of Nanotechnology where all 3 universities jointly run the <a href="/wiki/London_Centre_for_Nanotechnology" title="London Centre for Nanotechnology">London Centre for Nanotechnology</a> (LCN). LCN is a multidisciplinary research centre in physical and biomedical nanotechnology focused on exploitation and commercialisation of research generated in the relevant fields, established in 2003, which King's joined in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> King's College London joined the <a href="/wiki/Science_and_Engineering_South" title="Science and Engineering South">SES</a> engineering and physical sciences research alliance in 2016, which includes the universities of Cambridge, Oxford and Southampton, Imperial College London, Queen Mary University of London, and University College London as members.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> King's College London is also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Young_Centre" title="Thomas Young Centre">Thomas Young Centre</a>, an alliance of London research groups working on the theory and simulation of materials, along with Imperial College London, University College London and Queen Mary University of London.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> The university is also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Screen_Studies_Group,_London" title="Screen Studies Group, London">University of London Screen Studies Group</a> with other institutions from the University of London.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_profile">Academic profile</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Academic profile">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Admissions">Admissions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Admissions">edit</a>]</div> <table class="floatright"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center; margin-bottom: 5px"> <caption>UCAS Admission Statistics </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>2024 </th> <th>2023 </th> <th>2022 </th> <th>2021 </th> <th>2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Applications<a href="#cite_note-mainscheme-177">[α]</a><a href="#cite_note-UCASEoC-14">[14]</a> </td> <td>68,510 </td> <td>69,300 </td> <td>70,090 </td> <td>67,390 </td> <td>57,470 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Accepted<a href="#cite_note-mainscheme-177">[α]</a><a href="#cite_note-UCASEoC-14">[14]</a> </td> <td>7,780 </td> <td>6,810 </td> <td>7,320 </td> <td>8,460 </td> <td>7,875 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Applications/Accepted Ratio<a href="#cite_note-mainscheme-177">[α]</a> </td> <td>8.8 </td> <td>10.2 </td> <td>9.6 </td> <td>8.0 </td> <td>7.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Offer Rate (%)<a href="#cite_note-ukjune-178">[β]</a><a href="#cite_note-UCAS_Offer_Rate-179">[177]</a> </td> <td>44.3 </td> <td>38.5 </td> <td>39.3 </td> <td>52.9 </td> <td>59.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UCAS_Tariff" title="UCAS Tariff">Average Entry Tariff</a><a href="#cite_note-CUG_Entry-180">[178]</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>171 </td> <td>165 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="font-size:80%;float:left"> <tbody><tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-greek"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mainscheme-177">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mainscheme_177-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mainscheme_177-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mainscheme_177-2">c</a> Main scheme applications, International and UK </li> <li id="cite_note-ukjune-178"><a href="#cite_ref-ukjune_178-0">^</a> UK domiciled applicants </li> </ol></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable floatright sortable collapsible mw-collapsible" style="font-size:85%; text-align:right;"> <caption class="nowrap">HESA Student Body Composition (2021/22) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Domicile<a href="#cite_note-HESADom-181">[179]</a> and Ethnicity<a href="#cite_note-HESA_ethnicity-182">[180]</a> </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="White people in the United Kingdom">British White</a> </td> <td align="right">28% </td> <td align="left">28<div style="width:56px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:red"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Classification_of_ethnicity_in_the_United_Kingdom#Collective_terms_for_minority_ethnic_groups" title="Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom">British Ethnic Minorities</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[a]</a> </td> <td align="right">31% </td> <td align="left">31<div style="width:62px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">International EU</a> </td> <td align="right">9% </td> <td align="left">9<div style="width:18px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:blue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/International_students_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="International students in the United Kingdom">International Non-EU</a> </td> <td align="right">32% </td> <td align="left">32<div style="width:64px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4" data-sort-type="number">Undergraduate <a href="/wiki/Widening_participation" title="Widening participation">Widening Participation</a> Indicators<a href="#cite_note-184">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-Times23-185">[182]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_the_United_Kingdom#Education" title="Feminism in the United Kingdom">Female</a> </td> <td align="right">64% </td> <td align="left">64<div style="width:128px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Private_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Private schools in the United Kingdom">Private School</a> </td> <td align="right">17% </td> <td align="left">17<div style="width:34px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:orange"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Low Participation Areas<a href="#cite_note-186">[b]</a> </td> <td align="right">5% </td> <td align="left">5<div style="width:10px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:black"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> King's had the 13th highest average entry qualification for undergraduates of any UK university in 2018, with new students averaging 171 UCAS points.<a href="#cite_note-187">[183]</a> In 2022, the university gave offers of admission to 39.3% of its applicants, the 8th lowest across the country.<a href="#cite_note-188">[184]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teaching">Teaching</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Teaching">edit</a>]</div> King's academic year runs from the last Monday in September to the first Friday in June.<a href="#cite_note-189">[185]</a> Different faculties and departments adopt different academic term structures. For example, the academic year of the Mathematics School and Department of War Studies is divided into three terms (Autumn, Spring and Summer terms);<a href="#cite_note-190">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[187]</a> while the Faculty of Arts & Humanities academic year runs in two semesters.<a href="#cite_note-192">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Graduation">Graduation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Graduation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Academic_dress_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Academic dress of King's College London">Academic dress of King's College London</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College,_London;_the_interior_of_the_theatre_on_prize_Wellcome_L0007544.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/King%27s_College%2C_London%3B_the_interior_of_the_theatre_on_prize_Wellcome_L0007544.jpg/220px-King%27s_College%2C_London%3B_the_interior_of_the_theatre_on_prize_Wellcome_L0007544.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/King%27s_College%2C_London%3B_the_interior_of_the_theatre_on_prize_Wellcome_L0007544.jpg/330px-King%27s_College%2C_London%3B_the_interior_of_the_theatre_on_prize_Wellcome_L0007544.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/King%27s_College%2C_London%3B_the_interior_of_the_theatre_on_prize_Wellcome_L0007544.jpg/440px-King%27s_College%2C_London%3B_the_interior_of_the_theatre_on_prize_Wellcome_L0007544.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1630" data-file-height="1144" /></a><figcaption>Prize-giving day in 1841</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College_London_graduands.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/King%27s_College_London_graduands.JPG/220px-King%27s_College_London_graduands.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/King%27s_College_London_graduands.JPG/330px-King%27s_College_London_graduands.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/King%27s_College_London_graduands.JPG/440px-King%27s_College_London_graduands.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>King's graduands with <a href="/wiki/Academic_dress_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Academic dress of King's College London">academic dress</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood" title="Vivienne Westwood">Vivienne Westwood</a></figcaption></figure> Graduation ceremonies are held in January (winter) and June or July (summer), with ceremonies for non-medical students held at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Festival_Hall" title="Royal Festival Hall">Royal Festival Hall</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Southbank_Centre" title="Southbank Centre">Southbank Centre</a>, near the Waterloo Campus. Ceremonies were held at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a> until 1992 and then at the <a href="/wiki/Barbican_Centre" title="Barbican Centre">Barbican Centre</a> until 2018.<a href="#cite_note-193">[189]</a> Owing to St Thomas's Medical School roots that could be traced to <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_Overie" class="mw-redirect" title="St Mary Overie">St Mary Overie</a> Priory, students from the GKT School of Medical Education and Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences graduate from <a href="/wiki/Southwark_Cathedral" title="Southwark Cathedral">Southwark Cathedral</a> adjacent to Guy's Campus.<a href="#cite_note-194">[190]</a> After being granted the power to award its own degrees separately from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> in 2006,<a href="#cite_note-Kings_Governance-54">[54]</a> graduates began wearing King's College London academic dress in 2008. King's graduates have since worn gowns designed by <a href="/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood" title="Vivienne Westwood">Vivienne Westwood</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Westwood-195">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Research">edit</a>]</div> In 2023/24 King's had a total research income of £256.9 million, of which £69.5 million came from research councils; £57.2 million from the UK central government; £14.6 million from UK industry; £58.1 million from UK charitable bodies; £25.3 million from EU sources; £32.2 million from other sources.<a href="#cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">[4]</a> Following the 2021 <a href="/wiki/Research_Excellence_Framework" title="Research Excellence Framework">Research Excellence Framework</a> (REF), which assessed the quality of research in UK higher education institutions, King's was ranked 9th by GPA and 6th for research power by <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education" title="Times Higher Education">Times Higher Education</a>.<a href="#cite_note-196">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medicine">Medicine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Medicine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/GKT_School_of_Medical_Education" title="GKT School of Medical Education">GKT School of Medical Education</a></div> Medical research at King's College London is spread across multiple faculties, particularly the Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, and the Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine.<a href="#cite_note-197">[193]</a> King's claims to be the largest centre for healthcare education in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-kingspartnersfacts-15">[15]</a> The Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine has three main teaching hospitals – <a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital" title="Guy's Hospital">Guy's Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27_Hospital" title="St Thomas' Hospital">St Thomas' Hospital</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[194]</a> – and a branch campus in Portsmouth run in collaboration with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Portsmouth" title="University of Portsmouth">University of Portsmouth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-199">[195]</a> King's College London Dental Institute was the largest dental school in Europe as of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-200">[196]</a> The Florence Nightingale School of Nursing & Midwifery, which became part of King's in 1993, is the oldest professional school of nursing in the world.<a href="#cite_note-201">[197]</a> King's is a major centre for biomedical research. It is a founding member of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Health_Partners" title="King's Health Partners">King's Health Partners</a>, one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Academic_health_sciences_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic health sciences centre">academic health sciences centres</a> in Europe with a turnover of over £2 billion and approximately 25,000 employees.<a href="#cite_note-kingspartnersfacts-15">[15]</a> It also is home to the <a href="/wiki/Medical_Research_Council_(UK)#Institutes,_centres_and_units" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Research Council (UK)">Medical Research Council</a>'s MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders,<a href="#cite_note-unitscentres-202">[198]</a> and is part of two of the twelve biomedical research centres established by the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Health_and_Care_Research" title="National Institute for Health and Care Research">National Institute for Health and Care Research</a> (NIHR) in England – the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London.<a href="#cite_note-203">[199]</a> The Drug Control Centre at King's was established in 1978 and is the only <a href="/wiki/World_Anti-Doping_Agency" title="World Anti-Doping Agency">WADA</a> accredited anti-doping laboratory in the UK and holds the official UK contract for running <a href="/wiki/Doping_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doping (sport)">doping</a> tests on UK athletes.<a href="#cite_note-204">[200]</a> In 1997, it became the first <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> accredited laboratory to meet the <a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_17025" title="ISO/IEC 17025">ISO/IEC 17025</a> quality standard.<a href="#cite_note-205">[201]</a> The centre was the anti-doping facility for the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">London 2012 Olympic</a> and <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Paralympics" title="2012 Summer Paralympics">Paralympic Games</a>.<a href="#cite_note-206">[202]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libraries">Libraries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Libraries">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maughan_Library">Maughan Library</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Maughan Library">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Maughan_Library,_King%27s_College,_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/The_Maughan_Library%2C_King%27s_College%2C_London.jpg/220px-The_Maughan_Library%2C_King%27s_College%2C_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/The_Maughan_Library%2C_King%27s_College%2C_London.jpg/330px-The_Maughan_Library%2C_King%27s_College%2C_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/The_Maughan_Library%2C_King%27s_College%2C_London.jpg/440px-The_Maughan_Library%2C_King%27s_College%2C_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3880" data-file-height="2587" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a> courtyard</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Maughan_Library_-_2017-09-16-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/The_Maughan_Library_-_2017-09-16-3.jpg/220px-The_Maughan_Library_-_2017-09-16-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/The_Maughan_Library_-_2017-09-16-3.jpg/330px-The_Maughan_Library_-_2017-09-16-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/The_Maughan_Library_-_2017-09-16-3.jpg/440px-The_Maughan_Library_-_2017-09-16-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5884" data-file-height="3897" /></a><figcaption>The Round Reading Room at the <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a></div> The Maughan Library is King's largest library and is housed in the <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">Grade II* listed</a> 19th century <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">gothic revival</a> former <a href="/wiki/Public_Record_Office" title="Public Record Office">Public Record Office</a> building designed by <a href="/wiki/James_Pennethorne" title="James Pennethorne">Sir James Pennethorne</a>, situated on <a href="/wiki/Chancery_Lane" title="Chancery Lane">Chancery Lane</a> near the Strand Campus.<a href="#cite_note-207">[203]</a> The building is home to collections supporting humanities, law and science.<a href="#cite_note-Maughan-208">[204]</a> It also houses the special collections and rare books within the Foyle Library (see below).<a href="#cite_note-specialcollections-209">[205]</a> Inside the library is the dodecagonal Round Reading Room, inspired by the reading room of the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> (now home to the humanities reference collection),<a href="#cite_note-Maughan-208">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[206]</a> and the former Chapel of the Masters of the Rolls (renamed the Weston Room following a donation from the <a href="/wiki/Garfield_Weston_Foundation" title="Garfield Weston Foundation">Garfield Weston Foundation</a>) with its <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass_window" class="mw-redirect" title="Stained glass window">stained glass windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaic</a> floor and monuments, including a <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> terracotta figure by <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Torrigiano" title="Pietro Torrigiano">Pietro Torrigiano</a> of <a href="/wiki/John_Yonge" title="John Yonge">John Yonge</a>, Master of the Rolls, who died in 1516.<a href="#cite_note-211">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_libraries">Other libraries</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Other libraries">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Foyle Special Collections Library: Situated inside the Maughan Library, the special collections library houses a collection of 200,000 printed works as well as maps, slides, sound recordings and manuscript material, including 17 <a href="/wiki/Incunabula" class="mw-redirect" title="Incunabula">incunabula</a>.<a href="#cite_note-specialcollections-209">[205]</a> The Foyle Special Collections Library also houses a number of special collections, range in date from the 15th century to present, and in subject from human anatomy to Modern Greek poetry.<a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a> The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) Historical Collection is the largest collection contains material from the former FCO Library. The collection was a working tool used by the British government to inform and influence foreign and colonial policy.<a href="#cite_note-fco-214">[210]</a> Transferred to King's in 2007, the FCO Historical Collection contains over 80,000 items including books, <a href="/wiki/Pamphlets" class="mw-redirect" title="Pamphlets">pamphlets</a>, manuscript, and photographic material.<a href="#cite_note-fco-214">[210]</a> The Medical Collection include the historical library collections of the constituent medical schools and institutes of King's. The Rare Books Collection holds 12,000 printed books, including a 1483 Venice printing of <a href="/wiki/Silius_Italicus" title="Silius Italicus">Silius Italicus</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Punica_(poem)" title="Punica (poem)">Punica</a>, first editions of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>' novels, and the 1937 (first) edition of <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Road_to_Wigan_Pier" title="The Road to Wigan Pier">The Road to Wigan Pier</a>.<a href="#cite_note-215">[211]</a></li> <li>Archives Reading Room: Situated in the King's Building on the Strand campus,<a href="#cite_note-216">[212]</a> this includes the college archives and the <a href="/wiki/Liddell_Hart_Centre_for_Military_Archives" title="Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives">Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives</a>.<a href="#cite_note-arr-217">[213]</a> The college archives include institutional archives of King's since 1828, archives of institutions and schools that were created by or have merged with King's, and records relating to the history of medicine.<a href="#cite_note-218">[214]</a> The Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, established in 1964, holds the private papers of over 800 senior British defence personnel who held office since 1900.<a href="#cite_note-219">[215]</a></li> <li>Franklin-Wilkins Library: Situated on the Waterloo Campus, the library supports nursing and midwifery students and law students, with holdings on management, bioscience and education.<a href="#cite_note-220">[216]</a></li> <li>Wills Library: Situated in the Hodgkin Building at Guy's Campus, it was originally the main library for the Guy's Hospital Medical School.<a href="#cite_note-wills-221">[217]</a> The Wills Library was a gift in 1903 by the former governor of Guy's Hospital, the <a href="/wiki/Sir_Frederick_Wills,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Frederick Wills, 1st Baronet">late Sir Frederick Wills</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[218]</a> and it was opened as the Medical School Library.<a href="#cite_note-Gunga-223">[219]</a> Many books, archives and documents that were kept in the Wills Library, such as Guy's committee minute books, have been moved to the King's College London Archives in 2004,<a href="#cite_note-Gunga-223">[219]</a> although the library still contains a collection of books in locked cabinets that can be retrieved by request.<a href="#cite_note-wills-221">[217]</a></li> <li>New Hunt's House Library: Situated on the Guy's Campus, the library covers all aspects of biomedical science.<a href="#cite_note-224">[220]</a></li> <li>St Thomas' House Library: Situated at St Thomas' Campus, the library has resources on complimentary clinical healthcare and a variety of study spaces.<a href="#cite_note-225">[221]</a></li> <li>Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience Library: Situated on the Denmark Hill Campus, the IoPPN library is one of the largest psychiatric libraries in Western Europe.<a href="#cite_note-226">[222]</a></li> <li>Weston Education Centre Library: Situated on the Denmark Hill Campus, the library supports teaching and research in the faculties of medicine and dentistry. It also supports clinical work and research in the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust">King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust</a> and the <a href="/wiki/South_London_and_Maudsley_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust">South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust</a>.<a href="#cite_note-weclibrary-227">[223]</a></li></ul> Additionally, King's students and staff have full access to <a href="/wiki/Senate_House_(University_of_London)#Senate_House_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate House (University of London)">Senate House Library</a>, the central library for the University of London and the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a>.<a href="#cite_note-228">[224]</a> Undergraduate and postgraduate students also have reference access to libraries of other University of London institutions under the University of London Libraries Access Agreement.<a href="#cite_note-229">[225]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums,_galleries_and_collections">Museums, galleries and collections</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Museums, galleries and collections">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Opening_George_III_museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Opening_George_III_museum.jpg/220px-Opening_George_III_museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Opening_George_III_museum.jpg/330px-Opening_George_III_museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Opening_George_III_museum.jpg/440px-Opening_George_III_museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption>Opening of the King George III Museum by <a href="/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert, Prince Consort">Albert, Prince Consort</a> on 1 July 1843</figcaption></figure> King's operates two museums: the <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Museum_of_Pathology" title="Gordon Museum of Pathology">Gordon Museum of Pathology</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Life_Sciences" title="Museum of Life Sciences">Museum of Life Sciences</a>, neither of which are open to the public. The Gordon Museum collection dates back to the opening of the medical school at Guy's Hospital in 1826; the current museum was opened by the hospital in 1905.<a href="#cite_note-230">[226]</a> The Gordon Museum says it is the largest medical museum in the United Kingdom, with a collection of approximately 8,000 pathological specimens, artefacts, models and paintings, including <a href="/wiki/Astley_Cooper" title="Astley Cooper">Astley Cooper</a>'s specimens and <a href="/wiki/Sir_Joseph_Lister" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Joseph Lister">Sir Joseph Lister</a>'s antiseptic spray.<a href="#cite_note-Gordon_Museum-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[227]</a> The Museum of Life Sciences was founded in 2009 adjacent to the Gordon Museum, and holds historic biological and pharmaceutical collections from the colleges that are now part of King's College London.<a href="#cite_note-Life_Sciences_Museum-74">[74]</a> Between 1843 and 1927, the <a href="/wiki/King_George_III_Museum" title="King George III Museum">King George III Museum</a> was a museum within King's College London which housed the collections of scientific instruments of <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a> and eminent nineteenth-century scientists (including <a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Wheatstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Charles Wheatstone">Sir Charles Wheatstone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Babbage" title="Charles Babbage">Charles Babbage</a>). Due to space constraints within King's, much of the museum's collections were transferred on loan to the <a href="/wiki/Science_Museum,_London" title="Science Museum, London">Science Museum</a> in London or kept in King's College London Archives.<a href="#cite_note-232">[228]</a> The Anatomy Museum was a museum situated on the 6th floor of the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Building,_London" title="King's Building, London">King's Building</a> at the Strand Campus. The Anatomy Theatre was built next door to the museum in 1927,<a href="#cite_note-Anatomy-Museum-233">[229]</a> where anatomical dissections and demonstrations took place. The Anatomy Museum's collection includes casts of injuries, leather models, skins of various animals from Western Australia donated to the museum in 1846,<a href="#cite_note-234">[230]</a> and casts of heads of John Bishop and Thomas Williams, the murderers in the <a href="/wiki/London_Burkers#"Italian_Boy"_Murder" title="London Burkers">Italian Boy's murder</a> in 1831.<a href="#cite_note-235">[231]</a> The last dissection in the Anatomy Theatre was performed in 1997.<a href="#cite_note-Anatomy-Museum-233">[229]</a> The Anatomy Theatre and Museum was renovated and refurbished in 2009, and is now a facility for teaching, research and performance at King's.<a href="#cite_note-236">[232]</a> Science Gallery London is a public <a href="/wiki/Science_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Science centre">science centre</a> on the Guy's Campus. Admission to exhibitions and events at the centre is free.<a href="#cite_note-237">[233]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reputation_and_ranking">Reputation and ranking</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Reputation and ranking">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings" title="College and university rankings">Rankings</a></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">National rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Complete_University_Guide" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Complete</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table-238">[234]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">24</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Guardian" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Guardian</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_University_Guide-239">[235]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">28</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Times/The_Sunday_Times" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Times / Sunday Times</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide-240">[236]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">24=</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;">Global rankings</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a> (2024)<a href="#cite_note-Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities-241">[237]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">53</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-QS_World_University_Rankings-242">[238]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">40=</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-THE_World_University_Rankings-243">[239]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">36=</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_10_Years.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/King%27s_10_Years.png/260px-King%27s_10_Years.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/King%27s_10_Years.png/390px-King%27s_10_Years.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/King%27s_10_Years.png/520px-King%27s_10_Years.png 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1040" /></a><figcaption>King's College London's <a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">national league table</a> performance over the past ten years</figcaption></figure> King's was <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Times_University_of_the_Year" title="Sunday Times University of the Year">Sunday Times University of the Year</a> for 2010 to 2011.<a href="#cite_note-244">[240]</a> According to the 2025 <a href="/wiki/Complete_University_Guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Complete University Guide">Complete University Guide</a>, 16 subjects offered by King's rank within the top 10 nationally, including Health Studies (1st), Social Policy (2nd), Business & Management Studies (3rd), Anthropology (4th), Law (5th), Music (6th), Classics (6th), Economics (8th), Politics (8th), Communication & Media Studies (8th), Food Science (9th), Philosophy (9th), Dentistry (9th), Biological Sciences (10th), History (10th), and Computer Science (10th).<a href="#cite_note-245">[241]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> University Guide 2021 ranks King's in the top ten in 6 subjects, including Psychology (2nd), Politics (5th), Law (6th), Anatomy & physiology (8th), Media & film studies (9th), and Philosophy (9th). The Times Higher Education ranks King's College London the top 20 universities in the world for Psychology (11th), and Clinical, pre-clinical & health (16th) in the 2021 World University Rankings by subject.<a href="#cite_note-246">[242]</a> King's College London has had 24 of its subject-areas awarded the highest rating of 5 or 5* for research quality in the 2004 <a href="/wiki/Research_Assessment_Exercise" title="Research Assessment Exercise">Research Assessment Exercise</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Profile2006-247">[243]</a> and in 2007 it received a good result in its audit by the <a href="/wiki/Quality_Assurance_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Quality Assurance Agency">Quality Assurance Agency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Profile2006-247">[243]</a> Among <a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings#International_rankings_from_regional_organizations" title="College and university rankings">global university rankings</a>, King's is ranked 40th equal by the 2025 <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a>,<a href="#cite_note-248">[244]</a> 36th equal by the 2025 world university rankings of the <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education" title="Times Higher Education">Times Higher Education</a>,<a href="#cite_note-249">[245]</a> 36th equal by the 2024 <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> Best Global Universities Rankings,<a href="#cite_note-250">[246]</a> 53rd by the 2024 <a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">Academic Ranking of World Universities</a> (ARWU).<a href="#cite_note-251">[247]</a> King's was ranked 7th in the UK for Graduate Employability in the Times Higher Education's Global Employability University Ranking 2023.<a href="#cite_note-252">[248]</a> King's was further recognised by the High Fliers' Graduate Market Report 2024 as one of the top universities targeted by leading UK employers.<a href="#cite_note-253">[249]</a> This was reaffirmed by the Teaching Excellence Framework (2023) which gave King's a gold rating for student outcomes.<a href="#cite_note-254">[250]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Associateship_of_King's_College">Associateship of King's College</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Associateship of King's College">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Associateship_of_King%27s_College" title="Associateship of King's College">Associateship of King's College</a> (AKC) is the original award of King's College, dating back to its foundation in 1829 and first awarded in 1835. It was designed to reflect the twin objectives of King's College's 1829 royal charter to maintain the connection between "sound religion and useful learning" and to teach the "doctrines and duties of Christianity".<a href="#cite_note-255">[251]</a> Today, the AKC is a modern tradition that offers an inclusive, research-led programme of lectures that gives students the opportunities to engage with religious, philosophical and ethical issues alongside their main degree course. Graduates of King's College London may be eligible to be elected as 'Associates' of King's College by the authority of King's College London council, delegated to the academic board. After election, they are entitled to use the <a href="/wiki/Post-nominal_letters" title="Post-nominal letters">post-nominal letters</a> "AKC".<a href="#cite_note-256">[252]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fellowship_of_King's_College">Fellowship of King's College</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Fellowship of King's College">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Category:Fellows of King's College London">Category:Fellows of King's College London</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Fellow#Academia" title="Fellow">Fellowship</a> of King's College (FKC) is the highest award that can be bestowed upon an individual by King's College London. The award of the fellowship is governed by a statute of King's College London and reflects distinguished service to King's by a member of staff, conspicuous service to King's, or the achievement of distinction by those who were at one time closely associated with King's College London.<a href="#cite_note-Fellowships_FKCs-257">[253]</a> The proposal to establish a fellowship of King's was first considered in 1847.<a href="#cite_note-fkc-258">[254]</a> John Allen, a former <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chaplains_of_King%27s_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chaplains of King's College London">chaplain of King's</a>, was the first FKC. Each fellow had to pay two <a href="/wiki/Guinea_(coin)" title="Guinea (coin)">guineas</a> for the fellowship privilege initially, but the fee was ceased from 1850.<a href="#cite_note-fkc-258">[254]</a> A wide variety of people were elected as fellows of King's, including former principal <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Barry" title="Alfred Barry">Alfred Barry</a>, former King's student then professor <a href="/wiki/Thorold_Rogers" title="Thorold Rogers">Thorold Rogers</a>, architect <a href="/wiki/William_Burges" title="William Burges">William Burges</a> and ornithologist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe">Robert Swinhoe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fkc-258">[254]</a> The first women fellows were elected in 1904.<a href="#cite_note-fkc-258">[254]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lilian_Faithfull" title="Lilian Faithfull">Lilian Faithfull</a>, vice-principal of the King's Ladies' Department from 1894 to 1906, was one of the first women fellows.<a href="#cite_note-fkc-258">[254]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Student life">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Students'_union">Students' union</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Students' union">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reggiethelion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Reggiethelion.jpg/220px-Reggiethelion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Reggiethelion.jpg/330px-Reggiethelion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Reggiethelion.jpg/440px-Reggiethelion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>A papier-mâché version of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union#Mascot" title="King's College London Students' Union">Reggie the Lion</a>, the mascot of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union" title="King's College London Students' Union">KCLSU</a>, outside the Great Hall in King's Strand Campus</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union" title="King's College London Students' Union">King's College London Students' Union</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union_(KCLSU)_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union_%28KCLSU%29_Logo.png/220px-King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union_%28KCLSU%29_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union_%28KCLSU%29_Logo.png/330px-King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union_%28KCLSU%29_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union_%28KCLSU%29_Logo.png/440px-King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union_%28KCLSU%29_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="2867" data-file-height="1385" /></a><figcaption>Logo of the King's College London Students' Union (KCLSU)</figcaption></figure> King's College, London Union Society was founded in 1873.<a href="#cite_note-kclsudates-259">[255]</a> In 1905, this was reorganised, providing common rooms, student clubs and entertainment, with a further reorganisation in 1908 seeing it take over the athletics club (established in 1884) and other social activities, and becoming a <a href="/wiki/Student_unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student unionism in the United Kingdom">students' union</a>.<a href="#cite_note-KING'S_COLLEGE_LONDON:_Union_of_Students-260">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-261">[257]</a> As <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union" title="King's College London Students' Union">King's College London Students' Union</a> (KCLSU), it now provides a wide range of activities and services, including over 50 sports clubs,<a href="#cite_note-KCLSU_Sports_Clubs-262">[258]</a> over 300 activity groups,<a href="#cite_note-ActivityGroups-263">[259]</a> and bars and cafes (the Shack and the Vault in Bush House on the Strand Campus, and Guy's Café and Guy's Bar on Guy's Campus).<a href="#cite_note-Shack-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-Vault-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guys_Bar-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guys_Cafe-77">[77]</a> "Reggie the Lion" (informally "Reggie") is the official mascot of the students' union. In total there are four Reggies in existence. The original can be found on display in the undercroft of the Union's Bush House base at the Strand Campus. A <a href="/wiki/Papier-m%C3%A2ch%C3%A9" title="Papier-mâché">papier-mâché</a> Reggie lives outside the Great Hall at the Strand Campus. The third Reggie, given as a gift by alumnus Willie Kwan, guards the entrance of Willies Common Room in Somerset House East Wing.<a href="#cite_note-264">[260]</a> A small <a href="/wiki/Sterling_silver" title="Sterling silver">sterling silver</a> incarnation is displayed during graduation ceremonies, which was presented to King's by former Halliburton Professor of Physiology, Robert John Stewart McDowall, in 1959.<a href="#cite_note-265">[261]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_media">Student media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Student media">edit</a>]</div> KCLSU Student Media won Student Media of the Year 2014 at the Ents Forum awards<a href="#cite_note-266">[262]</a> and came in the top three student media outlets in the country at the NUS Awards 2014.<a href="#cite_note-roar-267">[263]</a> <a href="/wiki/Roar_News" title="Roar News">Roar News</a> is a tabloid newspaper for students at King's which is owned and funded by KCLSU. It is editorially independent of both the university and the students' union and its award-winning website is read by tens of thousands of people per month in over 100 countries.<a href="#cite_note-268">[264]</a> In 2014 it had a successful awards season, scooping several national awards and commendations, including a <a href="/wiki/Mind_(charity)#Campaigns" title="Mind (charity)">Mind Media Award</a> and Student Media of the Year.<a href="#cite_note-roar-267">[263]</a><a href="#cite_note-269">[265]</a> The radio station of KCLSU, KCL Radio, was founded in 2009 as a podcast producer. The first live broadcast of KCL Radio was in 2011 at <a href="/wiki/The_London_Varsity" title="The London Varsity">the London Varsity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sra-270">[266]</a> In 2013, KCL Radio relaunched as a live station with more than 45 hours of live programming a week. The schedule of the radio station includes news, music, entertainment, debate, sport and live performance.<a href="#cite_note-sra-270">[266]</a> Other King's student media groups include the King's College London Film Society, <a href="/wiki/Student_television_station" title="Student television station">student television station</a> KingsTV, and the photographic society KCLSU PhotoSoc.<a href="#cite_note-271">[267]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Macadam_Cup_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Macadam_Cup_2008.jpg/220px-Macadam_Cup_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Macadam_Cup_2008.jpg/330px-Macadam_Cup_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Macadam_Cup_2008.jpg/440px-Macadam_Cup_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3273" data-file-height="2167" /></a><figcaption>The annual <a href="/wiki/Macadam_Cup" title="Macadam Cup">Macadam Cup</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kings_College_London_Cheerleaders_0708.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Kings_College_London_Cheerleaders_0708.jpg/220px-Kings_College_London_Cheerleaders_0708.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Kings_College_London_Cheerleaders_0708.jpg/330px-Kings_College_London_Cheerleaders_0708.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Kings_College_London_Cheerleaders_0708.jpg/440px-Kings_College_London_Cheerleaders_0708.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption>King's College London cheerleaders</figcaption></figure> There are over 60 sports clubs, many of which compete in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London#Sports,_clubs_and_traditions" title="University of London">University of London</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Universities_and_Colleges_Sport" title="British Universities and Colleges Sport">British Universities & Colleges</a> (BUCS) <a href="/wiki/Sport_league" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport league">leagues</a> across the South East.<a href="#cite_note-KCLSU_Sports_Clubs-262">[258]</a> The annual <a href="/wiki/Macadam_Cup" title="Macadam Cup">Macadam Cup</a>, named after Sir <a href="/wiki/Ivison_Macadam" title="Ivison Macadam">Ivison Macadam</a>, a KCL alumnus and first president of the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Students_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Union of Students (United Kingdom)">National Union of Students</a>, is a <a href="/wiki/Varsity_match" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Varsity match">varsity match</a> that has been played between the sports teams of King's College London proper and the Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' School of Medicine since 2005.<a href="#cite_note-272">[268]</a> King's Sport, a partnership between King's College London and KCLSU, manages all the sports activities and facilities of King's since 2013.<a href="#cite_note-273">[269]</a><a href="#cite_note-274">[270]</a> King's Sport runs three fitness centres at the Waterloo, Guy's and Strand Campuses which include various studio spaces. King's Sport also operates two sports grounds, in <a href="/wiki/New_Malden" title="New Malden">New Malden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honor_Oak" title="Honor Oak">Honor Oak</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sports_grounds-87">[87]</a> Honor Oak Park Sports Ground has a floodlit 3G field hockey pitch and a floodlit 2G football/multi-sport pitch, as well as a grass football pitch, a grass rugby pitch and a netball or tennis court.<a href="#cite_note-275">[271]</a> New Malden Sports Ground has four football pitches, two rugby pitches, a lacrosse pitch, and two all-weather netball or tennis courts, with a cricket ground being set up in the summer.<a href="#cite_note-276">[272]</a> There are also on-campus sports facilities at Guy's, St Thomas's and Denmark Hill campuses.<a href="#cite_note-On-Campus-277">[273]</a> King's students and staff can utilize <a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_and_St_Thomas%27_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust">Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust</a>'s fitness centre and swimming pool based within the Guy's and St Thomas' hospitals.<a href="#cite_note-On-Campus-277">[273]</a><a href="#cite_note-278">[274]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Societies_and_organisations">Societies and organisations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Societies and organisations">edit</a>]</div> In addition to sporting clubs, King's College London Students' Union also has around 300 other societies and groups in a wide variety of activities.<a href="#cite_note-ActivityGroups-263">[259]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student-led_think_tank">Student-led think tank</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Student-led think tank">edit</a>]</div> Following the 2010 student demonstrations against increased tuition fees, King's College London students founded London's first student-led <a href="/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank">think tank</a>, King's Think Tank (formerly known as KCL Think Tank).<a href="#cite_note-279">[275]</a> With a membership of more than 2000,<a href="#cite_note-280">[276]</a><a href="#cite_note-281">[277]</a> it is the largest organisation of its kind in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-282">[278]</a> This student initiative organises lectures and discussions in seven different policy areas, and assists students in lobbying politicians, <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organisations" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-governmental organisations">non-governmental organisations</a> (NGOs) and other policymakers with their ideas. Every May, it produces a peer-reviewed journal of policy recommendations called The Spectrum.<a href="#cite_note-283">[279]</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[280]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> There are many music societies at King's including <a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">a cappella</a> groups, orchestras, choir, musical theatre and jazz society.<a href="#cite_note-music-285">[281]</a> King's has three orchestras: King's College London Symphony Orchestra (KCLSO), King's College London Chamber Orchestra and KCL Concert Orchestra.<a href="#cite_note-music-285">[281]</a> Founded in 1945, the <a href="/wiki/Choir_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Choir of King's College London">Choir of King's College London</a> consists of around 30 <a href="/wiki/Choral_scholar" title="Choral scholar">choral scholars</a>.<a href="#cite_note-choir-286">[282]</a> The choir regularly broadcasts on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_3" title="BBC Radio 3">BBC Radio 3</a> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">Radio 4</a> and has made recordings mainly focus on 16th-century English and Spanish repertoire.<a href="#cite_note-choir-286">[282]</a> All the King's Men is an all-male a cappella ensemble from King's College London. Founded in 2009, it become the first group outside of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a> to win The Voice Festival UK in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-ATKM-287">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-ATKM2-288">[284]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] American rock band <a href="/wiki/Foo_Fighters" title="Foo Fighters">Foo Fighters</a> played their first UK gig at King's College London Students Union in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-289">[285]</a> Pop singer <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> played her first UK gig at the Strand Campus in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-290">[286]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivalry_with_University_College_London">Rivalry with University College London</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Rivalry with University College London">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London%E2%80%93UCL_rivalry" title="King's College London–UCL rivalry">King's College London–UCL rivalry</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_London_Varsity" title="The London Varsity">The London Varsity</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg/220px-UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg/330px-UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg/440px-UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>King's traditional rivalry with <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a> is nowadays most noted at the yearly varsity rugby match</figcaption></figure> Competition within the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> is most intense between King's and <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a>, the two oldest institutions. Indeed, the University of London when it was established has been described as "an umbrella organisation designed to disguise the rivalry between UCL and KCL."<a href="#cite_note-Thompson7-291">[287]</a> In the early twentieth century, <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_and_UCL_rivalry" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College London and UCL rivalry">King's College London and UCL rivalry</a> was centred on their respective <a href="/wiki/Mascot" title="Mascot">mascots</a>.<a href="#cite_note-varsity-292">[288]</a> University College's was Phineas Maclino, a wooden <a href="/wiki/Tobacconist" title="Tobacconist">tobacconist</a>'s sign of a kilted Jacobite <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Highlands" title="Scottish Highlands">Highlander</a> purloined from outside a shop in <a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road" title="Tottenham Court Road">Tottenham Court Road</a> during the celebrations of the relief of <a href="/wiki/Ladysmith,_KwaZulu-Natal" title="Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal">Ladysmith</a> in 1900. King's later addition was a giant beer bottle representing "bottled youth". In 1923 it was replaced by a new mascot to rival Phineas – Reggie the Lion, who made his debut at a King's–<a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a> sporting <a href="/wiki/Student_Rags" class="mw-redirect" title="Student Rags">rag</a> in December 1923, protected by a lifeguard of engineering students armed with T-squares. Thereafter, Reggie formed the centrepiece of annual <a href="/wiki/Fresher" class="mw-redirect" title="Fresher">freshers</a>' processions by King's students around <a href="/wiki/Aldwych" title="Aldwych">Aldwych</a> in which new students were typically flour bombed.<a href="#cite_note-293">[289]</a> Although riots between respective college students occurred in central London well into the 1950s, rivalry is now limited to the <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> pitch and skulduggery over mascots, with the annual <a href="/wiki/The_London_Varsity" title="The London Varsity">London Varsity</a> series culminating in the historic match between <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Rugby_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College Rugby Club">King's College London RFC</a> and University College London RFC.<a href="#cite_note-varsity-292">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-294">[290]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivalry_with_the_London_School_of_Economics">Rivalry with the London School of Economics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Rivalry with the London School of Economics">edit</a>]</div> On 2 December 2005, tensions between King's and the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a> (LSE) were ignited when at least 200 students from LSE (located in <a href="/wiki/Aldwych" title="Aldwych">Aldwych</a> near the Strand Campus) diverted off from the annual "barrel run" and caused an estimated £32,000 of damage to the English department at King's.<a href="#cite_note-rampage-295">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[292]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> reported that LSE director <a href="/wiki/Howard_Davies_(economist)" title="Howard Davies (economist)">Howard Davies</a> attended the fun run event,<a href="#cite_note-297">[293]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[294]</a> while LSE claimed that Davies only attended for a short time.<a href="#cite_note-AUBarellStatement-299">[295]</a> King's principal, <a href="/wiki/Rick_Trainor" title="Rick Trainor">Sir Rick Trainor</a>, deplored the behaviour, appealed to King's students to remain calm and called for no retaliation.<a href="#cite_note-300">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-LSEapologises-301">[297]</a> The <a href="/wiki/LSE_Students%27_Union" title="LSE Students' Union">LSE Students' Union</a> later on 6 December issued a formal apology, condemned the actions, as well as promising to foot the bill for the damage repair.<a href="#cite_note-AUBarellStatement-299">[295]</a><a href="#cite_note-LSEapologises-301">[297]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_residences">Student residences</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Student residences">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Dover_street_apartments.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Great_Dover_street_apartments.jpg/228px-Great_Dover_street_apartments.jpg" decoding="async" width="228" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Great_Dover_street_apartments.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="313" data-file-height="227" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Dover_Street" title="Great Dover Street">Great Dover Street</a> halls of residence</figcaption></figure> King's has 14 halls of residence in central London.<a href="#cite_note-halls-86">[86]</a> The university guarantees accommodation for new first-year undergraduate or foundation year students who make a firm acceptance of their offer and apply for accommodation by a defined date,<a href="#cite_note-ugrad_accommodation-302">[298]</a> and to postgraduates who make a firm acceptance of their offer and apply for accommodation by a different defined date.<a href="#cite_note-303">[299]</a> Accommodation is also guaranteed for care-experienced students, and students who are under 18 on move-in day.<a href="#cite_note-ugrad_accommodation-302">[298]</a> The university also has a scheme, King's Affordable Accommodation Scheme (KAAS) which enables undergraduate students to access accommodation priced at below market levels, provided applicants for the scheme meet the eligibility criteria. There is a limited quota for KAAS rooms in a number of King's residences.<a href="#cite_note-304">[300]</a> There are also five intercollegiate halls shared with the constituent colleges of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>, which full-time students at King's are eligible to live in.<a href="#cite_note-305">[301]</a> The university's <a href="/wiki/Champion_Hill" title="Champion Hill">Champion Hill</a> residence has been empty since 2020, following the discovery of fire safety concerns and subsequent relocation of students and staff. A university spokesperson stated in March 2024, "We are working to refurbish these buildings with the aim to have them available as student accommodation as soon as work is completed, and it is safe to do so."<a href="#cite_note-306">[302]</a> King's newest residence opened in <a href="/wiki/Battersea" title="Battersea">Battersea</a>, in September 2024, and contains 452 rooms. A number of affordable rooms have been secured under the KAAS scheme.<a href="#cite_note-307">[303]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_alumni_of_King%27s_College_London" title="List of alumni of King's College London">List of alumni of King's College London</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Notable alumni">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Category:Alumni of King's College London">Category:Alumni of King's College London</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_university_affiliation" title="List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation">List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation</a></div> There are 14 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel laureates</a> who were associated with either King's College London or one of the institutions that have since merged with it.<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> Notable alumni in the sciences include Nobel laureates <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Peter Higgs</a> (Physics),<a href="#cite_note-309">[305]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Houghton_(virologist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Houghton (virologist)">Sir Michael Houghton</a> (Medicine)<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt_(biophysicist)" title="Michael Levitt (biophysicist)">Michael Levitt</a> (Chemistry).<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> Others include <a href="/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton">Sir Francis Galton</a>, polymath and pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">eugenics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-310">[306]</a> Alumni in performing arts include impressionist <a href="/wiki/Rory_Bremner" title="Rory Bremner">Rory Bremner</a>;<a href="#cite_note-oldnotable-311">[307]</a> <a href="/wiki/Queen_(band)" title="Queen (band)">Queen</a> bassist <a href="/wiki/John_Deacon" title="John Deacon">John Deacon</a>;<a href="#cite_note-oldnotable-311">[307]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a> winners <a href="/wiki/Greer_Garson" title="Greer Garson">Greer Garson</a>,<a href="#cite_note-312">[308]</a> <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Gwenn" title="Edmund Gwenn">Edmund Gwenn</a><a href="#cite_note-313">[309]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anne_Dudley" title="Anne Dudley">Anne Dudley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-314">[310]</a> In law, alumni include <a href="/wiki/Karim_Ahmad_Khan" title="Karim Ahmad Khan">Karim Ahmad Khan</a>, Chief <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court">Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court</a>,<a href="#cite_note-315">[311]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lipton_Robinson" title="Patrick Lipton Robinson">Patrick Lipton Robinson</a>, a judge of the International Court of Justice.<a href="#cite_note-ICJ-316">[312]</a> In literature, alumni include the dramatist <a href="/wiki/W._S._Gilbert" title="W. S. Gilbert">Sir W. S. Gilbert</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_and_Sullivan" title="Gilbert and Sullivan">Gilbert and Sullivan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-317">[313]</a> and the writers <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hardy" title="Thomas Hardy">Thomas Hardy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Notable-alumni-318">[314]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Sir Arthur C. Clarke</a><a href="#cite_note-319">[315]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolf" title="Virginia Woolf">Virginia Woolf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Notable-alumni-318">[314]</a> Notable King's alumni to have held senior positions in British politics include two Speakers of the House of Commons (<a href="/wiki/Horace_King,_Baron_Maybray-King" title="Horace King, Baron Maybray-King">Horace King</a><a href="#cite_note-320">[316]</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Lowther,_1st_Viscount_Ullswater" title="James Lowther, 1st Viscount Ullswater">James Lowther</a>),<a href="#cite_note-321">[317]</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a> (<a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a>). King's has also educated numerous foreign heads of state and government including two presidents of Cyprus, <a href="/wiki/Tassos_Papadopoulos" title="Tassos Papadopoulos">Tassos Papadopoulos</a><a href="#cite_note-phileleftheros_1-322">[318]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glafcos_Clerides" title="Glafcos Clerides">Glafcos Clerides</a>;<a href="#cite_note-Glafkos_Ioannou_Clerides-323">[319]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marouf_al-Bakhit" title="Marouf al-Bakhit">Marouf al-Bakhit</a>, Prime Minister of Jordan;<a href="#cite_note-Biography_of_Marouf_al-Bakhit-324">[320]</a> <a href="/wiki/France-Albert_Ren%C3%A9" title="France-Albert René">France-Albert René</a>, President of the Seychelles;<a href="#cite_note-France-Albert_Rene-325">[321]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lynden_Pindling" title="Lynden Pindling">Sir Lynden Pindling</a>, Prime Minister of the Bahamas;<a href="#cite_note-Sir_Lynden_Pindling-326">[322]</a> <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Binaisa" title="Godfrey Binaisa">Godfrey Binaisa</a>, President of Uganda;<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated204-327">[323]</a> <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Rahman_al-Bazzaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Abd al-Rahman al-Bazzaz">Abd al-Rahman al-Bazzaz</a>, Prime Minister of Iraq;<a href="#cite_note-al-bazzaz-328">[324]</a> <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bishop" title="Maurice Bishop">Maurice Bishop</a>, Prime Minister of Grenada; and <a href="/wiki/Lee_Moore_(politician)" title="Lee Moore (politician)">Sir Lee Moore</a>, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis.<a href="#cite_note-Biography_of_Sir_Lee_Moore-329">[325]</a> King's alumni in religion include <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> laureate and Archbishop of Cape Town;<a href="#cite_note-330">[326]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Carey" title="George Carey">George Carey</a>, Archbishop of Canterbury;<a href="#cite_note-331">[327]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Sacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Sacks">Jonathan Sacks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbi" title="Chief Rabbi">Chief Rabbi</a> of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth. While in the military, alumni include <a href="/wiki/Tony_Radakin" title="Tony Radakin">Sir Tony Radakin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(United_Kingdom)" title="Chief of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom)">Chief of the Defence Staff</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Harding,_1st_Baron_Harding_of_Petherton" title="John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton">Lord Harding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_General_Staff_(United_Kingdom)" title="Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)">Chief of the Imperial General Staff</a>; <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wigston" title="Michael Wigston">Sir Michael Wigston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Air_Staff_(United_Kingdom)" title="Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)">Chief of the Air Staff</a>; and two recipients of the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Le_Quesne" title="Ferdinand Le Quesne">Ferdinand Le Quesne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Sever_Bell" title="Mark Sever Bell">Mark Sever Bell</a>. King's is also the alma mater of the founder of <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Bentley Motors">Bentley Motors</a>, <a href="/wiki/W._O._Bentley" title="W. O. Bentley">Walter Bentley</a>;<a href="#cite_note-332">[328]</a> oil magnate and philanthropist <a href="/wiki/Calouste_Gulbenkian" title="Calouste Gulbenkian">Calouste Gulbenkian</a>, and Olympic gold medalists <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Grainger" title="Katherine Grainger">Dame Katherine Grainger</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Notable-alumni-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-333">[329]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bennett_(rower)" title="Paul Bennett (rower)">Paul Bennett</a><a href="#cite_note-334">[330]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kieran_West" title="Kieran West">Kieran West</a>.<a href="#cite_note-335">[331]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1275594942">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output 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img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{outline:solid #d7d7d7 1px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{background:none!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb img:not([alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]):not([alt*="\200b \200b \200c "]){background:white!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_higgs_chalkboard.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Physicist Peter Higgs, awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the Higgs boson"><img alt="Physicist Peter Higgs, awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the Higgs boson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Peter_higgs_chalkboard.jpg/270px-Peter_higgs_chalkboard.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Peter_higgs_chalkboard.jpg/405px-Peter_higgs_chalkboard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Peter_higgs_chalkboard.jpg/540px-Peter_higgs_chalkboard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="640" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Physicist <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Peter Higgs</a>, awarded the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> for his work on the <a href="/wiki/Higgs_boson" title="Higgs boson">Higgs boson</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 134px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 132px;"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Charles_Beresford_-_Virginia_Woolf_in_1902_-_Restoration.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Writer Virginia Woolf"><img alt="Writer Virginia Woolf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/George_Charles_Beresford_-_Virginia_Woolf_in_1902_-_Restoration.jpg/198px-George_Charles_Beresford_-_Virginia_Woolf_in_1902_-_Restoration.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/George_Charles_Beresford_-_Virginia_Woolf_in_1902_-_Restoration.jpg/296px-George_Charles_Beresford_-_Virginia_Woolf_in_1902_-_Restoration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/George_Charles_Beresford_-_Virginia_Woolf_in_1902_-_Restoration.jpg/395px-George_Charles_Beresford_-_Virginia_Woolf_in_1902_-_Restoration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2924" data-file-height="3994" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Writer <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolf" title="Virginia Woolf">Virginia Woolf</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Gilbert-GS-Big.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Dramatist Sir W. S. Gilbert of Gilbert and Sullivan"><img alt="Dramatist Sir W. S. Gilbert of Gilbert and Sullivan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gilbert-GS-Big.JPG/196px-Gilbert-GS-Big.JPG" decoding="async" width="131" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gilbert-GS-Big.JPG/293px-Gilbert-GS-Big.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Gilbert-GS-Big.JPG 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="414" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dramatist <a href="/wiki/W._S._Gilbert" title="W. S. Gilbert">Sir W. S. Gilbert</a> of Gilbert and Sullivan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Arthur_C._Clarke_(1982).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Science fiction writer Sir Arthur C. Clarke"><img alt="Science fiction writer Sir Arthur C. Clarke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Arthur_C._Clarke_%281982%29.jpg/225px-Arthur_C._Clarke_%281982%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Arthur_C._Clarke_%281982%29.jpg/337px-Arthur_C._Clarke_%281982%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Arthur_C._Clarke_%281982%29.jpg/450px-Arthur_C._Clarke_%281982%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="893" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Science fiction writer <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Sir Arthur C. Clarke</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archbishop Desmond Tutu, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984"><img alt="Archbishop Desmond Tutu, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg/180px-Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg/270px-Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg/360px-Archbishop-Tutu-medium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1728" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a>, awarded the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> in 1984</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 115.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 113.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Deacon_(1977).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen bassist John Deacon"><img alt="Queen bassist John Deacon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/John_Deacon_%281977%29.jpg/170px-John_Deacon_%281977%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/John_Deacon_%281977%29.jpg/255px-John_Deacon_%281977%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/John_Deacon_%281977%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="481" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Queen_(band)" title="Queen (band)">Queen</a> bassist <a href="/wiki/John_Deacon" title="John Deacon">John Deacon</a></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_academics_and_staff">Notable academics and staff</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Notable academics and staff">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Academics_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Category:Academics of King's College London">Category:Academics of King's College London</a></div> Notable academics at King's have included <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lyell" title="Charles Lyell">Sir Charles Lyell</a> (geologist and author of <a href="/wiki/Principles_of_Geology" title="Principles of Geology">Principles of Geology</a>),<a href="#cite_note-336">[332]</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Sir Charles Wheatstone</a> (best known for the <a href="/wiki/Wheatstone_bridge" title="Wheatstone bridge">Wheatstone bridge</a>),<a href="#cite_note-337">[333]</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a> (mathematical physicist known for <a href="/wiki/Maxwell%27s_equations" title="Maxwell's equations">Maxwell's equations</a> describing the motion of light as an electro-magnetic wave),<a href="#cite_note-338">[334]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister,_1st_Baron_Lister" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister">Joseph Lister</a> (pioneer of antiseptic surgery),<a href="#cite_note-339">[335]</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Barkla" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Barkla">Charles Barkla</a> (winner of the 1917 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a>),<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" class="mw-redirect" title="Owen Willans Richardson">Sir Owen Richardson</a> (winner of the 1928 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a>),<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Sir Edward Appleton</a> (winner of the 1947 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a>),<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Maurice Wilkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin" title="Rosalind Franklin">Rosalind Franklin</a> (both known for their contributions to the discovery of the structure of DNA, for which Wilkins won the 1962 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_for_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize for Medicine">Nobel Prize for Medicine</a> after Franklin's death),<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a><a href="#cite_note-340">[336]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a> (writer and winner of the 2010 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_for_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize for Literature">Nobel Prize for Literature</a>),<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Sir Roger Penrose</a> (winner of the 2020 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a>).<a href="#cite_note-nobelpr-308">[304]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1275594942"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 151.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 149.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Clerk_Maxwell.png" class="mw-file-description" title="James Clerk Maxwell"><img alt="James Clerk Maxwell" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/James_Clerk_Maxwell.png/224px-James_Clerk_Maxwell.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/James_Clerk_Maxwell.png 1.5x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="398" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Lister_Joseph.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joseph Lister"><img alt="Joseph Lister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lister_Joseph.jpg/202px-Lister_Joseph.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lister_Joseph.jpg/304px-Lister_Joseph.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lister_Joseph.jpg/405px-Lister_Joseph.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister,_1st_Baron_Lister" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister">Joseph Lister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosalind_Franklin.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rosalind Franklin"><img alt="Rosalind Franklin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Rosalind_Franklin.jpg/225px-Rosalind_Franklin.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Rosalind_Franklin.jpg/337px-Rosalind_Franklin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Rosalind_Franklin.jpg/449px-Rosalind_Franklin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="521" data-file-height="626" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin" title="Rosalind Franklin">Rosalind Franklin</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 129.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 127.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maurice Wilkins"><img alt="Maurice Wilkins" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg/191px-Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Maurice Wilkins</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 144px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 142px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roger Penrose"><img alt="Roger Penrose" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg/213px-Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg/320px-Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg/427px-Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="3600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Roger Penrose</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 126px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 124px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vargas_Llosa_Madrid_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mario Vargas Llosa"><img alt="Mario Vargas Llosa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Vargas_Llosa_Madrid_2012.jpg/186px-Vargas_Llosa_Madrid_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Vargas_Llosa_Madrid_2012.jpg/278px-Vargas_Llosa_Madrid_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Vargas_Llosa_Madrid_2012.jpg/371px-Vargas_Llosa_Madrid_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2128" data-file-height="3093" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_and_television_settings">Film and television settings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Film and television settings">edit</a>]</div> The neoclassical facade of King's, with the passage which connects the Strand to the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House">Somerset House</a> terrace, has been utilised to reproduce the late Victorian Strand in the opening scenes of <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Parker" title="Oliver Parker">Oliver Parker</a>'s 2002 film <a href="/wiki/The_Importance_of_Being_Earnest_(2002_film)" title="The Importance of Being Earnest (2002 film)">The Importance of Being Earnest</a>. The East Wing of King's appears, as a part of Somerset House, in a number of other productions, such as <a href="/wiki/Wilde" title="Wilde">Wilde</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Duchess_(film)" title="The Duchess (film)">The Duchess</a>.<a href="#cite_note-films-341">[337]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a> has also been the location of some film shoots of popular movies and TV series, most notably <a href="/wiki/Johnny_English" title="Johnny English">Johnny English</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Imitation_Game" title="The Imitation Game">The Imitation Game</a> and <a href="/wiki/V_for_Vendetta_(film)" title="V for Vendetta (film)">V for Vendetta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-films-341">[337]</a> Part of <a href="/wiki/Dan_Brown" title="Dan Brown">Dan Brown</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/The_Da_Vinci_Code" title="The Da Vinci Code">The Da Vinci Code</a> was set in the Round Reading Room of the <a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a>, although no part of the <a href="/wiki/The_Da_Vinci_Code_(film)" title="The Da Vinci Code (film)">film adaption</a> was filmed there.<a href="#cite_note-342">[338]</a> In September 1979, The Greenwood Theatre at Guy's Medical School (now King's <a href="/wiki/GKT_School_of_Medical_Education" title="GKT School of Medical Education">GKT Medical School</a>) became the first home for the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Question_Time_(TV_programme)" title="Question Time (TV programme)">Question Time</a> programme. In December 2018, <a href="/wiki/Question_Time_(TV_programme)" title="Question Time (TV programme)">Question Time</a> returned to the Greenwood Theatre for <a href="/wiki/David_Dimbleby" title="David Dimbleby">David Dimbleby</a>'s last programme as host.<a href="#cite_note-343">[339]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_UK_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Armorial of UK universities">Armorial of UK universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in the UK">List of universities in the UK</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> Includes those who indicate that they identify as <a href="/wiki/British_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="British Asian">Asian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_British_people" title="Black British people">Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)" title="Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)">Mixed Heritage</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Arabs" title="British Arabs">Arab</a> or any other ethnicity except White. </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> Calculated from the Polar4 measure, using Quintile1, in England and Wales. Calculated from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) measure, using SIMD20, in Scotland. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTrapp" class="citation web cs1">Trapp, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/3066617">"The memorial inscription to Joseph Anstice"</a> – via academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+memorial+inscription+to+Joseph+Anstice&rft.aulast=Trapp&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F3066617&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g6xAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA539">Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen</a>. University of Aberdeen. 1907. p. 539.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Record+of+the+Celebration+of+the+Quatercentenary+of+the+University+of+Aberdeen&rft.pages=539&rft.pub=University+of+Aberdeen&rft.date=1907&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg6xAAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA539&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kings_medical-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kings_medical_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kings_medical_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181018122315/https://www.kcl.ac.uk/lsm/about/history/index.aspx">"Our history"</a>. King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/lsm/about/history/index.aspx">the original</a> on 18 October 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+history&rft.pub=King%27s+College+London+Faculty+of+Life+Sciences+and+Medicine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flsm%2Fabout%2Fhistory%2Findex.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-KCL_2023/24-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KCL_2023/24_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KCL_2023/24_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KCL_2023/24_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KCL_2023/24_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KCL_2023/24_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KCL_2023/24_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KCL_2023/24_4-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/about/assets/pdf/statements/financial-statements-2023-24.pdf">"Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2024"</a> (PDF). King's College London. 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Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=The+Museum+of+Life+Sciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flsm%2Fcentre-for-education%2Fmuseums%2Fmuseum-of-life-sciences%2Findex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/chaplaincy/chapels-chaplaincies/chapels">"Chapels"</a>. King's College London. 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Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KCLSU&rft.atitle=Guy%27s+Bar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kclsu.org%2Fvenues%2Fguysbar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guys_Cafe-77">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guys_Cafe_77-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guys_Cafe_77-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kclsu.org/venues/guyscafe/">"Guy's Café"</a>. KCLSU. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KCLSU&rft.atitle=Guy%27s+Caf%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kclsu.org%2Fvenues%2Fguyscafe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennettBrot2021" class="citation report cs1">Bennett, Michael D.; Brot, Esther (September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gsttfoundation.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Historical-Report.pdf">Thomas Guy, Sir Robert Clayton and Our Shared Colonial Past: Sources, Context, Connections</a> (PDF) (Report).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Thomas+Guy%2C+Sir+Robert+Clayton+and+Our+Shared+Colonial+Past%3A+Sources%2C+Context%2C+Connections&rft.date=2021-09&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rft.au=Brot%2C+Esther&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgsttfoundation.org.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2021%2F08%2FHistorical-Report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/students/update-on-thomas-guy-statue">"Update on Thomas Guy statue"</a>. King's College London. 4 November 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Update+on+Thomas+Guy+statue&rft.date=2022-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fstudents%2Fupdate-on-thomas-guy-statue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaya_Burgess2022" class="citation news cs1">Kaya Burgess (14 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.com/uk/article/slavery-notice-to-be-placed-with-statue-of-guys-hospital-founder-kp57qsslj">"Slavery notice to be placed with statue of Guy's Hospital founder"</a>. 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Retrieved 2 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Foundation+of+St+Thomas%27s&rft.pages=1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegarret.org.uk%2Fpdfs%2Fexhibitions%2Fstthomashospitalmedieval.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Denmark_Hill_Campus-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Denmark_Hill_Campus_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Denmark_Hill_Campus_85-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/visit/denmark-hill-campus">"Denmark Hill Campus"</a>. King's College London. 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Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Residences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Faccommodation%2Fresidences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sports_grounds-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sports_grounds_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sports_grounds_87-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/sport/clubs-sports">"Sports Grounds"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Sports+Grounds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fsport%2Fclubs-sports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214121106/https://www.kcl.ac.uk/archive/news/kings/newsrecords/2011/10october/newmodcontract">"Defence Studies contract renewal"</a> (Press release). King's College London. 18 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/archive/news/kings/newsrecords/2011/10october/newmodcontract">the original</a> on 14 February 2021. 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Retrieved 9 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=King%27s+Centre+for+Military+Health+Research&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fkcmhr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/business/about">"About King's Business School"</a>. King's College London. 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Times Higher Education. 4 August 1995.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=Oxbridge+windfall&rft.date=1995-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.co.uk%2Fstory.asp%3FstoryCode%3D94844%26sectioncode%3D26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988">: "A large amount of the cash awarded to humanities postgraduates still goes to the "Golden Triangle" of Oxford, Cambridge and London, British Academy figures reveal." </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucl.ac.uk/images/Uni-Lon.pdf">"The future of the University of London: a discussion paper from the Provost of UCL"</a> (PDF). University College London. 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The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Gold+rush&rft.date=2003-06-03&rft.au=Alok+Jha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Feducation%2F2003%2Fjun%2F03%2Fhighereducation.research&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> King's is included in some listing<a href="#cite_note-Nature05-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> but not in others <a href="#cite_note-THE10-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-heartop-159"><a href="#cite_ref-heartop_159-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8448787.stm">"Heart operation using MRI is world first"</a>. 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Retrieved 5 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Drug+Control+Centre+at+King%27s+College&rft.pub=King%27s+College+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkingscollections.org%2Fexhibitions%2Farchives%2Fsport%2Ffairness%2Fcontrol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121208091952/http://www.kcl.ac.uk/biohealth/research/divisions/aes/research/drugcontrol/olympics2012.aspx">"London Olympics 2012"</a>. King's College London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kcl.ac.uk/biohealth/research/divisions/aes/research/drugcontrol/olympics2012.aspx">the original</a> on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=London+Olympics+2012&rft.pub=King%27s+College+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fbiohealth%2Fresearch%2Fdivisions%2Faes%2Fresearch%2Fdrugcontrol%2Folympics2012.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1359155" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1359155?section=official-list-entry">"Former Public Record Office (Grade II*) (1359155)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a>. Retrieved 3 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Former+Public+Record+Office+%28Grade+II%2A%29+%281359155%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1359155%3Fsection%3Dofficial-list-entry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maughan-208">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maughan_208-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maughan_208-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/visit/maughan-library">"Maughan Library"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 3 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Maughan+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fvisit%2Fmaughan-library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-specialcollections-209">^ <a href="#cite_ref-specialcollections_209-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-specialcollections_209-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/collections/special-collections">"Special Collections"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Special+Collections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Fcollections%2Fspecial-collections&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/assets/tours/maughan-tour.pdf">"Getting started Self-Guided Tour: The Maughan Library"</a> (PDF). King's College London. p. 10. 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Retrieved 3 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Exhibitions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Fcollections%2Fexhibitions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald_MacLeod2002" class="citation news cs1">Donald MacLeod (14 November 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2002/nov/14/highereducation.museums">"Queen welcomed by King's"</a>. The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Queen+welcomed+by+King%27s&rft.date=2002-11-14&rft.au=Donald+MacLeod&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Feducation%2F2002%2Fnov%2F14%2Fhighereducation.museums&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151212130419/https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/special-collections/Individualcollections/overview.aspx">"Overview of Special Collections"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/special-collections/Individualcollections/overview.aspx">the original</a> on 12 December 2015. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/documents/fco-leaflet-2014.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Explore+500+years+of+world+history&rft.pub=Library+Services&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Farchivespec%2Fdocuments%2Ffco-leaflet-2014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151212131929/https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/special-collections/Individualcollections/rarebooks.aspx">"Rare Books Collection"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/special-collections/Individualcollections/rarebooks.aspx">the original</a> on 12 December 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rare+Books+Collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Farchivespec%2Fspecial-collections%2FIndividualcollections%2Frarebooks.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/visit/kings-college-london-archives">"Archives Reading Room"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Archives+Reading+Room&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fvisit%2Fkings-college-london-archives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-arr-217"><a href="#cite_ref-arr_217-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/collections/archives#using">"Archives"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Fcollections%2Farchives%23using&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151205083920/http://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/archives/collections.aspx#college">"College Archives"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/archives/collections.aspx#college">the original</a> on 5 December 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=College+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Farchivespec%2Farchives%2Fcollections.aspx%23college&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151205083920/http://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/archives/collections.aspx#lhcma">"Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library/archivespec/archives/collections.aspx#lhcma">the original</a> on 5 December 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liddell+Hart+Centre+for+Military+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Farchivespec%2Farchives%2Fcollections.aspx%23lhcma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/visit/franklin-wilkins-library">"Franklin Wilkins Library"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Franklin+Wilkins+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fvisit%2Ffranklin-wilkins-library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wills-221">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wills_221-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wills_221-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/visit/wills-library">"Wills Library"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=Wills+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fvisit%2Fwills-library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Seventy-eighth Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association London, JUL". Br Med J. 2 (2553): 1622–1624. 4 December 1909. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.2.2553.1622">10.1136/bmj.2.2553.1622</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220177133">220177133</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Br+Med+J&rft.atitle=Seventy-eighth+Annual+Meeting+of+the+British+Medical+Association+London%2C+JUL&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2553&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1622-%3C%2Fspan%3E1624&rft.date=1909-12-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.2.2553.1622&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A220177133%23id-name%3DS2CID&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunga-223">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gunga_223-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gunga_223-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunga2009" class="citation book cs1">Gunga, Hanns-Christian (27 February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=33dJDNhpj0EC">Nathan Zuntz: His Life and Work in the Fields of High Altitude Physiology and Aviation Medicine</a>. Academic Press. p. 204. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780080885247" title="Special:BookSources/9780080885247"><bdi>9780080885247</bdi></a>. Retrieved 30 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nathan+Zuntz%3A+His+Life+and+Work+in+the+Fields+of+High+Altitude+Physiology+and+Aviation+Medicine&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2009-02-27&rft.isbn=9780080885247&rft.aulast=Gunga&rft.aufirst=Hanns-Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D33dJDNhpj0EC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/visit/new-hunts-house-library">"New Hunt's House Library"</a>. King's College London. Retrieved 30 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King%27s+College+London&rft.atitle=New+Hunt%27s+House+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fvisit%2Fnew-hunts-house-library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/visit/st-thomas-house-library">"St Thomas' House Library"</a>. King's College London. 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Retrieved 10 June 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+News&rft.atitle=Round+Reading+Room&rft.ssn=spring&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Flibrary%2Flibrary-newsletter-spring-2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-343"><a href="#cite_ref-343">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210608105140/https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/News-Article?id=eedafa08-45bb-47fe-acbd-9999be488ed3">"news-article | News Centre | King's College London"</a>. www.kcl.ac.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/News-Article?id=eedafa08-45bb-47fe-acbd-9999be488ed3">the original</a> on 8 June 2021. 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Barford & Newitt.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Writings+of+George+Grote%3A+An+Essay&rft.pub=Barford+%26+Newitt&rft.date=1884&rft.aulast=MacIlwraith&rft.aufirst=W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaddox2002" class="citation book cs1">Maddox, Brenda (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rosalindfranklin00madd">Rosalind Franklin The Dark Lady of DNA</a>. Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-655211-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-655211-0"><bdi>0-00-655211-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rosalind+Franklin+The+Dark+Lady+of+DNA&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-00-655211-0&rft.aulast=Maddox&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frosalindfranklin00madd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson1990" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, F.M.L. (1990). The University of London and the World of Learning, 1836–1986. Continuum International Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85285-032-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85285-032-6"><bdi>978-1-85285-032-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+University+of+London+and+the+World+of+Learning%2C+1836%E2%80%931986&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-1-85285-032-6&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=F.M.L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing's_College_London1854–1855" class="citation book cs1">King's College London (1854–1855). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-thLAAAAcAAJ">Prospectus of King's College, London academical year 1854-5</a>. London: R. Clay. Retrieved 4 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prospectus+of+King%27s+College%2C+London+academical+year+1854-5&rft.place=London&rft.pub=R.+Clay&rft.date=1854%2F1855&rft.au=King%27s+College+London&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-thLAAAAcAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e9JbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA48">House of Lords Sessional Papers 1801–1833 – Appendix to seventh Report of Commissioners of Woods, Forests & Land Revenue</a>. Vol. 270. <a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Stationery_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Stationery Office">Her Majesty's Stationery Office</a>. 1830. p. 48. Retrieved 3 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=House+of+Lords+Sessional+Papers+1801%E2%80%931833+%E2%80%93+Appendix+to+seventh+Report+of+Commissioners+of+Woods%2C+Forests+%26+Land+Revenue&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Her+Majesty%27s+Stationery+Office&rft.date=1830&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De9JbAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130324031011/http://www.kcl.ac.uk/newsevents/publications/comment.aspx">Comment</a> – quarterly newsletter of King's College London, edited by the Public Relations Department.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/facts/profile.aspx">Profile</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130501154816/http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/facts/profile.aspx">Archived</a> 1 May 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – annual publication of King's College London.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kcl.ac.uk/newsevents/publications/report.aspx">Report</a> – annual publication of King's College London.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHearnshaw,_F._J._C.1929" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/F._J._C._Hearnshaw" title="F. J. C. Hearnshaw">Hearnshaw, F. J. C.</a> (1929). The Centenary History of King's College, London, 1828–1928. George G. Harrap & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Centenary+History+of+King%27s+College%2C+London%2C+1828%E2%80%931928&rft.pub=George+G.+Harrap+%26+Co&rft.date=1929&rft.au=Hearnshaw%2C+F.+J.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Huelin, G. (1978) King's College London, 1828–1978.</li> <li>Jones, C. K. (2004) King's College London: In the service of society.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylorWilliamsKenyon-Jones2006" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, Claire; Williams, Gwyn; Kenyon-Jones, Christine (2006). King's College London Contributions to biomedicine A continuing story. King's College London School of Medicine. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9552620-0-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9552620-0-5"><bdi>978-0-9552620-0-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King%27s+College+London+Contributions+to+biomedicine+A+continuing+story&rft.pub=King%27s+College+London+School+of+Medicine&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-9552620-0-5&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft.au=Williams%2C+Gwyn&rft.au=Kenyon-Jones%2C+Christine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100914105055/http://www.shl.lon.ac.uk/specialcollections/archives/studentrecords.shtml">"Student Records, 1836–1930"</a>. University of London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shl.lon.ac.uk/specialcollections/archives/studentrecords.shtml">the original</a> on 14 September 2010. Retrieved 6 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+London&rft.atitle=Student+Records%2C+1836%E2%80%931930&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shl.lon.ac.uk%2Fspecialcollections%2Farchives%2Fstudentrecords.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> (Includes King's students who matriculated in or graduated from the University of London)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130510143909/http://www.senatehouselibrary.ac.uk/our-collections/historic-collections/archives-manuscripts/university-of-london-military-service-1914-1945/">"Military Service, 1914–1945"</a>. University of London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senatehouselibrary.ac.uk/our-collections/historic-collections/archives-manuscripts/university-of-london-military-service-1914-1945/">the original</a> on 10 May 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+London&rft.atitle=Military+Service%2C+1914%E2%80%931945&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.senatehouselibrary.ac.uk%2Four-collections%2Fhistoric-collections%2Farchives-manuscripts%2Funiversity-of-london-military-service-1914-1945%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing%27s+College+London" class="Z3988"> (Includes personnel from King's)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King%27s_College_London&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:King%27s_College_London" title="Template:King's College London"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:King%27s_College_London" title="Template talk:King's College London"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #ffffff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:King%27s_College_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:King's College London"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #ffffff">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="King&#039;s_College_London1269" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;"><div><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%;background:#e41f13; color:white;">Academic faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Business_School" title="King's Business School">Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Medical_and_Dental_Schools_of_Guy%27s_and_St_Thomas%27_Hospitals" title="United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals">Dental Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience" title="Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Faculty_of_Arts_and_Humanities" title="King's College London Faculty of Arts and Humanities">Faculty of Arts and Humanities</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Faculty_of_Natural,_Mathematical_&_Engineering_Sciences">Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GKT_School_of_Medical_Education" title="GKT School of Medical Education">Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law" title="The Dickson Poon School of Law">School of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_Faculty_of_Nursing_and_Midwifery" title="Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery">Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Faculty_of_Social_Science_and_Public_Policy">Faculty of Social Science & Public Policy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_of_King%27s_College_London.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arms of King's College London"><img alt="Arms of King's College London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shield_of_King%27s_College_London.svg/90px-Shield_of_King%27s_College_London.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shield_of_King%27s_College_London.svg/135px-Shield_of_King%27s_College_London.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shield_of_King%27s_College_London.svg/180px-Shield_of_King%27s_College_London.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="703" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%;background:#e41f13; color:white;">Departments, centres and divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Rutter_Centre_for_Children_and_Adolescents" title="Michael Rutter Centre for Children and Adolescents">Centre for Children and Adolescents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_the_History_of_Science,_Technology_and_Medicine" title="Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine">Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Classics,_King%27s_College_London" title="Department of Classics, King's College London">Department of Classics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Digital_Humanities,_King%27s_College_London" title="Department of Digital Humanities, King's College London">Department of Digital Humanities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_International_Development_(King%27s_College_London)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of International Development (King's College London)">Department of International Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Philosophy,_King%27s_College_London" title="Department of Philosophy, King's College London">Department of Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_War_Studies,_King%27s_College_London" title="Department of War Studies, King's College London">Department of War Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Classicist" title="Digital Classicist">Digital Classicist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Centre_for_Prison_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="International Centre for Prison Studies">International Centre for Prison Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liddell_Hart_Centre_for_Military_Archives" title="Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives">Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wohl_Clinical_Neuroscience_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute">Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience#Social_Genetic_and_Developmental_Psychiatry" title="Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">MRC SGDP Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_Division_of_Cell_and_Molecular_Biophysics" title="Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics">Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Education,_Communication_and_Society" title="School of Education, Communication and Society">School of Education, Communication and Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfson_Centre_for_Age-Related_Diseases" title="Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases">Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twins_Early_Development_Study" title="Twins Early Development Study">Twins Early Development Study</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%;background:#e41f13; color:white;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Principals_of_King%27s_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Principals of King's College London">Principal:</a> <a href="/wiki/Shitij_Kapur" title="Shitij Kapur">Shitij Kapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_council" title="University council">Chairman of the Council:</a> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Geidt,_Baron_Geidt" title="Christopher Geidt, Baron Geidt">Christopher Geidt, Baron Geidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deans_of_King%27s_College_London" title="List of deans of King's College London">Dean:</a> <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Clark-King" title="Ellen Clark-King">Ellen Clark-King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">Visitor:</a> <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academics_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Category:Academics of King's College London">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_King%27s_College_London_alumni" class="mw-redirect" title="List of King's College London alumni">List of notable alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chaplains_of_King%27s_College_London" title="List of chaplains of King's College London">List of chaplains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deans_of_King%27s_College_London" title="List of deans of King's College London">List of deans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%;background:#e41f13; color:white;">Buildings and places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Campus" title="Guy's Campus">Guy's Campus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Museum_of_Pathology" title="Gordon Museum of Pathology">Gordon Museum of Pathology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Life_Sciences" title="Museum of Life Sciences">Museum of Life Sciences</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand_Campus" title="Strand Campus">Strand Campus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bush_House" title="Bush House">Bush House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College London Chapel">King's College London Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Building,_London" title="King's Building, London">King's Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maughan_Library" title="Maughan Library">Maughan Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House">Somerset House East Wing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_George_III_Museum" title="King George III Museum">King George III Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%;background:#e41f13; color:white;">Student life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macadam_Cup" title="Macadam Cup">Macadam Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggie_the_Lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Reggie the Lion">Reggie the Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roar_News_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roar News (newspaper)">Roar News newspaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Boat_Club" title="King's College London Boat Club">Boat Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Rugby_Football_Club" title="King's College London Rugby Football Club">Rugby Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy%27s,_Kings_and_St_Thomas%27_RFC" title="Guy's, Kings and St Thomas' RFC">Rugby Club (Guy's, Kings and St Thomas')</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union" title="King's College London Students' Union">Students' Union (KCLSU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolstoy_Cup" title="Tolstoy Cup">Tolstoy Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%;background:#e41f13; color:white;">Affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%">Medical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evelina_London_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Evelina London Children's Hospital">Evelina London Children's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital" title="Guy's Hospital">Guy's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Health_Partners" title="King's Health Partners">King's Health Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_London_and_Maudsley_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust">South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethlem_Royal_Hospital" title="Bethlem Royal Hospital">Bethlem Royal Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_Hospital" title="Lambeth Hospital">Lambeth Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maudsley_Hospital" title="Maudsley Hospital">Maudsley Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27_Hospital" title="St Thomas' Hospital">St Thomas' Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hospital_Lewisham" title="University Hospital Lewisham">University Hospital Lewisham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_triangle_(universities)" title="Golden triangle (universities)">Golden triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Mathematics_School" title="King's College London Mathematics School">King's College London Mathematics School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_School" title="King's College School">King's College School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Dramatic_Art" title="Royal Academy of Dramatic Art">Royal Academy of Dramatic Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Young_Centre" title="Thomas Young Centre">Thomas Young Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;;width:1%;background:#e41f13; color:white;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_dress_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Academic dress of King's College London">Academic dress of King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldwych_tube_station" title="Aldwych tube station">Aldwych tube station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associateship_of_King%27s_College" title="Associateship of King's College">Associateship of King's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_College_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Chelsea College of Science and Technology">Chelsea College of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Coat of arms of King's College London">Coat of arms of King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creighton_Lecture" title="Creighton Lecture">Creighton Lecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_King%27s_College_London" title="History of King's College London">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inkha" title="Inkha">Inkha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Business" title="King's College London Business">King's College London Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London%E2%80%93UCL_rivalry" title="King's College London–UCL rivalry">King's College London–UCL rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_College" title="Queen Elizabeth College">Queen Elizabeth College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Baths,_Strand_Lane" title="Roman Baths, Strand Lane">Roman Baths, Strand Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">Third-oldest university in England debate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:King%27s_College_London" title="Category:King's College London">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:King%27s_College_London" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:King's College London">Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikisource page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:King%27s_College_London" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Category:King's College London">Wikisource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikinews-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikinews page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/16px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/24px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/King%27s_College_London" class="extiw" title="wikinews:King's College London"> Wikinews</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles134" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles134" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="DNA_structure_research_at_King&#039;s_College_London_1947–195963" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:King%27s_College_DNA" title="Template:King's College DNA"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:King%27s_College_DNA" title="Template talk:King's College DNA"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:King%27s_College_DNA" title="Special:EditPage/Template:King's College DNA"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="DNA_structure_research_at_King&#039;s_College_London_1947–195963" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">DNA structure research at <a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a> 1947–1959</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin" title="Rosalind Franklin">Rosalind Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Gosling" title="Raymond Gosling">Raymond Gosling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randall_(physicist)" title="John Randall (physicist)">John Randall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Stokes" title="Alec Stokes">Alexander Stokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Maurice Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Wilson" title="Herbert Wilson">Herbert Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photo_51" title="Photo 51">Photo 51</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:DNA-fragment-3D-vdW.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/DNA-fragment-3D-vdW.png/45px-DNA-fragment-3D-vdW.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/DNA-fragment-3D-vdW.png/68px-DNA-fragment-3D-vdW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/DNA-fragment-3D-vdW.png/90px-DNA-fragment-3D-vdW.png 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="1000" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="King&#039;s_Health_Partners66" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:King%27s_Health_Partners" title="Template:King's Health Partners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:King%27s_Health_Partners" title="Template talk:King's Health Partners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:King%27s_Health_Partners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:King's Health Partners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="King&#039;s_Health_Partners66" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Health_Partners" title="King's Health Partners">King's Health Partners</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Partners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_and_St_Thomas%27_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust">Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust">King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_London_and_Maudsley_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust">South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital" title="Guy's Hospital">Guy's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27_Hospital" title="St Thomas' Hospital">St Thomas' Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlem_Royal_Hospital" title="Bethlem Royal Hospital">Bethlem Royal Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_Hospital" title="Lambeth Hospital">Lambeth Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maudsley_Hospital" title="Maudsley Hospital">Maudsley Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hospital_Lewisham" title="University Hospital Lewisham">University Hospital Lewisham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Associated institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_School_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College London School of Medicine">King's College London School of Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_London1098" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_London" title="Template:University of London"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_London" title="Template talk:University of London"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of London"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_London1098" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London#Administrative_structure" title="University of London">Institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_of_London" title="Brunel University of London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City,_University_of_London" title="City, University of London">City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine">London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="St George's, University of London">St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">School of Oriental and African Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white">Central bodies and programmes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_House_Libraries" title="Senate House Libraries">Senate House Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Advanced_Legal_Studies" title="Institute of Advanced Legal Studies">Institute of Advanced Legal Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Classical_Studies" title="Institute of Classical Studies">Institute of Classical Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Commonwealth_Studies" title="Institute of Commonwealth Studies">Institute of Commonwealth Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_English_Studies" title="Institute of English Studies">Institute of English Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Historical_Research" title="Institute of Historical Research">Institute of Historical Research</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Metropolitan_History" title="Centre for Metropolitan History">Centre for Metropolitan History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Latin_American_Studies" title="Institute of Latin American Studies">Institute of Latin American Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Modern_Languages_Research" title="Institute of Modern Languages Research">Institute of Modern Languages Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Philosophy,_University_of_London" title="Institute of Philosophy, University of London">Institute of Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warburg_Institute" title="Warburg Institute">Warburg Institute</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Institute_in_Paris" title="University of London Institute in Paris">University of London Institute in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Worldwide" title="University of London Worldwide">University of London Worldwide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white"><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_the_University_of_London" title="Category:People associated with the University of London">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chancellors_of_the_University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chancellors of the University of London">Chancellor</a>: <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">The Princess Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice-chancellors_of_the_University_of_London" title="List of vice-chancellors of the University of London">Vice-Chancellor</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wendy_Thomson" title="Wendy Thomson">Wendy Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">Visitor</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">The Lord President of the Council</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lucy_Powell" title="Lucy Powell">Lucy Powell</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academics_of_the_University_of_London" title="Category:Academics of the University of London">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_London" title="Category:Alumni of the University of London">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_member_institutions_of_the_University_of_London" title="List of heads of member institutions of the University of London">List of heads of colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_London_people" class="mw-redirect" title="List of University of London people">List of University of London people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white">Places and buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Square" title="Gordon Square">Gordon Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_London_intercollegiate_halls_of_residence" title="Category:University of London intercollegiate halls of residence">Halls of residence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Hall,_London" title="College Hall, London">College Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connaught_Hall,_London" title="Connaught Hall, London">Connaught Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Hall,_London" title="International Hall, London">International Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutford_House,_London" title="Nutford House, London">Nutford House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malet_Street" title="Malet Street">Malet Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Square" title="Russell Square">Russell Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_House,_London" title="Senate House, London">Senate House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavistock_Square" title="Tavistock Square">Tavistock Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrington_Square" title="Torrington Square">Torrington Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn_Square" title="Woburn Square">Woburn Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London#History" title="University of London">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white; color: #003F87; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #ED2939, inset -1px -1px 0 #ED2939;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_colleges_of_the_University_of_London" title="Category:Former colleges of the University of London">Institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_College,_London" title="Bedford College, London">Bedford College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_College_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Chelsea College of Science and Technology">Chelsea College of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heythrop_College,_University_of_London" title="Heythrop College, University of London">Heythrop College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Education" title="UCL Institute of Education">Institute of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience" title="Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Study_of_the_Americas" title="Institute for the Study of the Americas">Institute for the Study of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Consortium" title="London Consortium">London Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_College_London" title="New College London">New College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_College" title="Queen Elizabeth College">Queen Elizabeth College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_College,_Oxford" title="Regent's Park College, Oxford">Regent's Park College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Postgraduate_Medical_School" title="Royal Postgraduate Medical School">Royal Postgraduate Medical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Pharmacy" title="UCL School of Pharmacy">School of Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Marine_Biological_Station_Millport" title="University Marine Biological Station Millport">University Marine Biological Station Millport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27s_Hospital_Medical_School" title="St Thomas's Hospital Medical School">St Thomas's Hospital Medical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westfield_College" title="Westfield College">Westfield College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wye_College" title="Wye College">Wye College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white; color: #003F87; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #ED2939, inset -1px -1px 0 #ED2939;">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6_Burlington_Gardens" title="6 Burlington Gardens">6 Burlington Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Christ_the_King,_Bloomsbury" title="Church of Christ the King, Bloomsbury">Church of Christ the King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_London_intercollegiate_halls_of_residence" title="Category:University of London intercollegiate halls of residence">Halls of residence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Hall" title="Commonwealth Hall">Commonwealth Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Parry_Hall,_London" title="Hughes Parry Hall, London">Hughes Parry Hall</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_University_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="London University (UK Parliament constituency)">Parliamentary constituency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Examination_for_Women" title="General Examination for Women">General Examination for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privileged_bodies_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Privileged bodies of the United Kingdom">Privileged bodies of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_London" title="Academic dress of the University of London">Academic dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Careers_Group,_University_of_London" title="The Careers Group, University of London">The Careers Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Student" title="London Student">London Student</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Boat_Club" title="University of London Boat Club">University of London Boat Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Computer_Centre" title="University of London Computer Centre">University of London Computer Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Press" title="University of London Press">University of London Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Union" title="University of London Union">University of London Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_London" title="Category:University of London">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:University_of_London" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:University of London">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Francis_Crick_Institute61" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Template:Francis Crick Institute"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Template talk:Francis Crick Institute"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Francis Crick Institute"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Francis_Crick_Institute61" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Funded by</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cancer_Research_UK" title="Cancer Research UK">Cancer Research UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Research_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)">Medical Research Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Trust" title="Wellcome Trust">Wellcome Trust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Senior staff</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Boulton" title="Simon Boulton">Simon Boulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Cantrell" title="Doreen Cantrell">Doreen Cantrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cooksey" title="David Cooksey">David Cooksey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Downward" title="Julian Downward">Julian Downward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Farrar" title="Jeremy Farrar">Jeremy Farrar</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21166090" class="extiw" title="d:Q21166090">Steve Gamblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gruss" title="Peter Gruss">Peter Gruss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Hayday" title="Adrian Hayday">Adrian Hayday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_S._Hill" title="Caroline S. Hill">Caroline S. Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Tim Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21166615" class="extiw" title="d:Q21166615">Malcolm Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpal_Kumar" title="Harpal Kumar">Harpal Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Lovell-Badge" title="Robin Lovell-Badge">Robin Lovell-Badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Paul Nurse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassilis_Pachnis" title="Vassilis Pachnis">Vassilis Pachnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_O%27Garra" title="Anne O'Garra">Anne O'Garra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Peters_(physician)" title="Keith Peters (physician)">Keith Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraint_Rees" title="Geraint Rees">Geraint Rees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Skehel" title="John Skehel">John Skehel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Cuthbert_Smith" title="Jim Cuthbert Smith">Jim Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Swanton" title="Charles Swanton">Charles Swanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Treisman" title="Richard Treisman">Richard Treisman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Uhlmann" title="Frank Uhlmann">Frank Uhlmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Vincent" title="Jean-Paul Vincent">Jean-Paul Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Willetts" title="David Willetts">David Willetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Yea" title="Philip Yea">Philip Yea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Incorporating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Medical_Research" title="National Institute for Medical Research">National Institute for Medical Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Research_Institute" title="London Research Institute">London Research Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russell_Group24" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russell_Group" title="Template:Russell Group"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russell_Group" title="Template talk:Russell Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russell_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russell Group"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russell_Group24" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nottingham" title="University of Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities57" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities" title="Template:Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities" title="Template talk:Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities57" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Guild_of_European_Research-Intensive_Universities" class="mw-redirect" title="The Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities">The Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_T%C3%BCbingen" title="University of Tübingen">University of Tübingen</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">University of Göttingen</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Vienna" title="University of Vienna">University of Vienna</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> : <a href="/wiki/Ghent_University" title="Ghent University">Ghent University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">University of Louvain (UCLouvain)</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> : <a href="/wiki/Aarhus_University" title="Aarhus University">Aarhus University</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tartu" title="University of Tartu">University of Tartu</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> : <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Paris_Cit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Paris Cité">Université Paris Cité</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bologna" title="University of Bologna">University of Bologna</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oslo" title="University of Oslo">University of Oslo</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Groningen" title="University of Groningen">University of Groningen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">Radboud University Nijmegen</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> : <a href="/wiki/Jagiellonian_University" title="Jagiellonian University">Jagiellonian University</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">University of Glasgow</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">University of Warwick</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ljubljana" title="University of Ljubljana">University of Ljubljana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> : <a href="/wiki/Babe%C8%99-Bolyai_University" title="Babeș-Bolyai University">Babeș-Bolyai University</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> : <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala University</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> : <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bern" title="University of Bern">University of Bern</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> : <a href="/wiki/Pompeu_Fabra_University" title="Pompeu Fabra University">Pompeu Fabra University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_and_colleges_in_London353" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Template:Universities and colleges in London"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Template talk:Universities and colleges in London"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities and colleges in London"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_and_colleges_in_London353" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universities and colleges in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Education_in_London" title="Education in London">Education in London</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Category:Universities and colleges in London">Universities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunel University London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City,_University_of_London" title="City, University of London">City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine">London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="St George's, University of London">St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">SOAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_London" title="University of the Arts London">University of the Arts London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPP_University" title="BPP University">BPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_London" title="University of East London">East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_University" title="Kingston University">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Law" title="University of Law">University of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metropolitan_University" title="London Metropolitan University">London Met</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_Bank_University" title="London South Bank University">London South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_University" title="Middlesex University">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_%E2%80%93_London" title="Northeastern University – London">Northeastern University – London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravensbourne_University_London" title="Ravensbourne University London">Ravensbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London" title="Regent's University London">Regent's University London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_The_American_International_University_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond, The American International University in London">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Roehampton" title="University of Roehampton">Roehampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_University,_Twickenham" title="St Mary's University, Twickenham">St Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Westminster" title="University of Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_West_London" title="University of West London">West London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Higher education colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_Association_School_of_Architecture" title="Architectural Association School of Architecture">Architectural Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Institute" title="Bloomsbury Institute">Bloomsbury Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_and_Guilds_of_London_Art_School" title="City and Guilds of London Art School">City and Guilds of London Art School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cond%C3%A9_Nast_College_of_Fashion_%26_Design" title="The Condé Nast College of Fashion & Design">The Condé Nast College of Fashion & Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_College_of_Business" title="Kensington College of Business">Kensington College of Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Churchill_College" title="London Churchill College">London Churchill College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Interdisciplinary_School" title="London Interdisciplinary School">London Interdisciplinary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Business_and_Finance" title="London School of Business and Finance">London School of Business and Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Journalism" title="London School of Journalism">London School of Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_College" title="Muslim College">Muslim College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_College_London" title="Pearson College London">Pearson College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Bruford_College" title="Rose Bruford College">Rose Bruford College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Music" title="Royal College of Music">Royal College of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotheby%27s_Institute_of_Art" title="Sotheby's Institute of Art">Sotheby's Institute of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_London_Christian_College" title="South London Christian College">South London Christian College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Patrick%27s_College,_London" title="St Patrick's College, London">St Patrick's College, London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Further education colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ada,_the_National_College_for_Digital_Skills" title="Ada, the National College for Digital Skills">Ada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barking_and_Dagenham_College" title="Barking and Dagenham College">Barking and Dagenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnet_and_Southgate_College" title="Barnet and Southgate College">Barnet and Southgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capel_Manor_College" title="Capel Manor College">Capel Manor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_and_Islington_College" title="City and Islington College">City and Islington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Literary_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="City Literary Institute">City Lit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster_College" title="City of Westminster College">City of Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon_College" title="Croydon College">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Retail_Academy" title="Fashion Retail Academy">Fashion Retail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_College_of_Haringey,_Enfield_and_North_East_London" title="The College of Haringey, Enfield and North East London">Haringey, Enfield and North East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_College" title="Harrow College">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering_College_of_Further_and_Higher_Education" title="Havering College of Further and Higher Education">Havering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambeth College">Lambeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisham_College" title="Lewisham College">Lewisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_East_Colleges" title="London South East Colleges">London South East Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marine_Society_College_of_the_Sea" title="The Marine Society College of the Sea">Marine Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ward_Centre" title="Mary Ward Centre">Mary Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morley_College" title="Morley College">Morley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_City_College" title="New City College">New City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newham_College_of_Further_Education" title="Newham College of Further Education">Newham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_North_West_London" title="College of North West London">North West London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_and_Hillcroft_Adult_Community_College" title="Richmond and Hillcroft Adult Community College">Richmond and Hillcroft Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_upon_Thames_College" title="Richmond upon Thames College">Richmond upon Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwark_College" title="Southwark College">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_College" title="Sutton College">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Thames_Colleges_Group" title="South Thames Colleges Group">South Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanmore_College" title="Stanmore College">Stanmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uxbridge_College" title="Uxbridge College">Uxbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham_Forest_College" title="Waltham Forest College">Waltham Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_London_College" title="West London College">West London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Thames_College" title="West Thames College">West Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Kingsway_College" title="Westminster Kingsway College">Westminster Kingsway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Educational_Association" title="Workers' Educational Association">Workers' Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_Men%27s_College" title="Working Men's College">Working Men's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sixth form colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Creative_Academy" title="Big Creative Academy">Big Creative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSix_Sixth_Form_College" title="BSix Sixth Form College">BSix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_the_King_Sixth_Form_College" title="Christ the King Sixth Form College">Christ the King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coulsdon_Sixth_Form_College" title="Coulsdon Sixth Form College">Coulsdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_London_Arts_%26_Music" title="East London Arts & Music">ELAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haringey_Sixth_Form_College" title="Haringey Sixth Form College">Haringey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Westminster_Sixth_Form" title="Harris Westminster Sixth Form">Harris Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering_Sixth_Form_College" title="Havering Sixth Form College">Havering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin_College" title="John Ruskin College">John Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Mathematics_School" title="King's College London Mathematics School">King's London Maths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyton_Sixth_Form_College" title="Leyton Sixth Form College">Leyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Academy_of_Excellence" title="London Academy of Excellence">London Academy of Excellence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Academy_of_Excellence_Tottenham" title="London Academy of Excellence Tottenham">London Academy of Excellence Tottenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newham_Sixth_Form_College" title="Newham Sixth Form College">Newham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newham_Collegiate_Sixth_Form_Centre" title="Newham Collegiate Sixth Form Centre">Newham Collegiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Charles_Catholic_Sixth_Form_College" title="St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College">St Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Dominic%27s_Sixth_Form_College" title="St Dominic's Sixth Form College">St Dominic's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Francis_Xavier_College,_Clapham" title="Saint Francis Xavier College, Clapham">St Francis Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Monoux_College" title="Sir George Monoux College">Sir George Monoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bank_University_Sixth_Form" title="South Bank University Sixth Form">South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_City_College" title="Tech City College">Tech City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris_Sixth_Form" title="William Morris Sixth Form">William Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodhouse_College" title="Woodhouse College">Woodhouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_higher_education_colleges_in_London" title="List of universities and higher education colleges in London">List</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom734" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom734" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Universities in the United Kingdom">Universities in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_England" title="List of universities in England">England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_of_England" title="East of England">East of England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglia_Ruskin_University" title="Anglia Ruskin University">Anglia Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bedfordshire" title="University of Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranfield_University" title="Cranfield University">Cranfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">East Anglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hertfordshire" title="University of Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich_University_of_the_Arts" title="Norwich University of the Arts">Norwich University of the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Suffolk" title="University of Suffolk">Suffolk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_higher_education_colleges_in_London" title="List of universities and higher education colleges in London">London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_of_London" title="Brunel University of London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="City St George's, University of London">City St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">LSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine">LSHTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">SOAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_London" title="University of East London">East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_University" title="Kingston University">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metropolitan_University" title="London Metropolitan University">London Met</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_Bank_University" title="London South Bank University">London South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_University" title="Middlesex University">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_%E2%80%93_London" title="Northeastern University – London">Northeastern University – London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravensbourne_University_London" title="Ravensbourne University London">Ravensbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London" title="Regent's University London">Regent's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_The_American_International_University_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond, The American International University in London">Richmond, The American International University in London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Roehampton" title="University of Roehampton">Roehampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_University,_Twickenham" title="St Mary's University, Twickenham">St Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_London" title="University of the Arts London">University of the Arts London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Westminster" title="University of Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_West_London" title="University of West London">West London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Midlands" title="Midlands">Midlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City_University" title="Birmingham City University">Birmingham City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Newman_University" title="Birmingham Newman University">Birmingham Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Grosseteste_University" title="Bishop Grosseteste University">Bishop Grosseteste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_University" title="Coventry University">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Montfort_University" title="De Montfort University">De Montfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Derby" title="University of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_Adams_University" title="Harper Adams University">Harper Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keele_University" title="Keele University">Keele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leicester" title="University of Leicester">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lincoln" title="University of Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Northampton" title="University of Northampton">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nottingham" title="University of Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Trent_University" title="Nottingham Trent University">Nottingham Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Staffordshire University">Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Birmingham" title="University College Birmingham">University College Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wolverhampton" title="University of Wolverhampton">Wolverhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Worcester" title="University of Worcester">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bradford" title="University of Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Lancashire" title="University of Central Lancashire">Central Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chester" title="University of Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cumbria" title="University of Cumbria">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_University" title="Edge Hill University">Edge Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greater_Manchester" title="University of Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Huddersfield" title="University of Huddersfield">Huddersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hull" title="University of Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Arts_University" title="Leeds Arts University">Leeds Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Beckett_University" title="Leeds Beckett University">Leeds Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Trinity_University" title="Leeds Trinity University">Leeds Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Hope_University" title="Liverpool Hope University">Liverpool Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Moores_University" title="Liverpool John Moores University">Liverpool John Moores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_School_of_Tropical_Medicine" title="Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine">LSTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">Manchester Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumbria_University" title="Northumbria University">Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salford" title="University of Salford">Salford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Hallam_University" title="Sheffield Hallam University">Sheffield Hallam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sunderland" title="University of Sunderland">Sunderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesside_University" title="Teesside University">Teesside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_St_John_University" title="York St John University">York St. John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Bournemouth" title="Arts University Bournemouth">Arts University Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bath" title="University of Bath">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_Spa_University" title="Bath Spa University">Bath Spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bournemouth_University" title="Bournemouth University">Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Brighton" title="University of Brighton">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Buckingham" title="University of Buckingham">Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire_New_University" title="Buckinghamshire New University">Buckinghamshire New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Christ_Church_University" title="Canterbury Christ Church University">Canterbury Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chichester" title="University of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_for_the_Creative_Arts" title="University for the Creative Arts">Creative Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falmouth_University" title="Falmouth University">Falmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartpury_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Hartpury College">Hartpury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gloucestershire" title="University of Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kent" title="University of Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Brookes_University" title="Oxford Brookes University">Oxford Brookes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Plymouth" title="University of Plymouth">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Marjon_University" title="Plymouth Marjon University">Plymouth Marjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Plymouth" title="Arts University Plymouth">Arts University Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Portsmouth" title="University of Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Agricultural_University" title="Royal Agricultural University">Royal Agricultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solent_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Solent University">Solent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Surrey" title="University of Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sussex" title="University of Sussex">Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_England" title="University of the West of England">UWE Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Winchester" title="University of Winchester">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_University" title="Ulster University">Ulster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Scotland" title="List of universities in Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Napier_University" title="Edinburgh Napier University">Edinburgh Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Caledonian_University" title="Glasgow Caledonian University">Glasgow Caledonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University" title="Heriot-Watt University">Heriot-Watt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Highlands_and_Islands" title="University of the Highlands and Islands">Highlands and Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Margaret_University" title="Queen Margaret University">Queen Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gordon_University" title="Robert Gordon University">Robert Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Conservatoire_of_Scotland" title="Royal Conservatoire of Scotland">Royal Conservatoire of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">St Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stirling" title="University of Stirling">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_Scotland" title="University of the West of Scotland">West of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Wales" title="List of universities in Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberystwyth_University" title="Aberystwyth University">Aberystwyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_University" title="Bangor University">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Metropolitan_University" title="Cardiff Metropolitan University">Cardiff Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Wales" title="University of South Wales">South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea_University" title="Swansea University">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales_Trinity_Saint_David" title="University of Wales Trinity Saint David">Wales Trinity Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham_University" title="Wrexham University">Wrexham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_British_overseas_territories" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Overseas territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_College" title="Bermuda College">Bermuda College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cayman Islands Law School">Cayman Islands Law School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gibraltar" title="University of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="International College of the Cayman Islands">International College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_James_School_of_Medicine" title="Saint James School of Medicine">Saint James School of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Matthew%27s_University" title="St. Matthew's University">St. Matthew's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="University College of the Cayman Islands">University College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Science,_Arts_and_Technology" title="University of Science, Arts and Technology">University of Science, Arts and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_Indies_Open_Campus" title="University of the West Indies Open Campus">University of the West Indies Open Campus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_Crown_Dependencies" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Crown dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Channel_Islands_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey">University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arden_University" title="Arden University">Arden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPP_University" title="BPP University">BPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Law" title="University of Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_International_Programmes" class="mw-redirect" title="University of London International Programmes">London International Programmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_University" title="Open University">Open</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_student_protests" title="2010 United Kingdom student protests">2010 United Kingdom student protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_date_of_foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by date of foundation">List by date of foundation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_university" title="Ancient university">Ancient</a>; <a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">Third-oldest in England</a>; <a href="/wiki/Red_brick_university" title="Red brick university">Redbrick</a>; <a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university">Plate glass</a>; <a href="/wiki/Post-1992_university" title="Post-1992 university">Post-1992</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_endowment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by endowment">List by endowment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_enrolment" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment">List by enrolment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleges_within_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom">Colleges within universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_degree_abbreviations" title="British degree abbreviations">Degree abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_Wales" title="Higher Education Funding Council for Wales">HEFCW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Students" title="Office for Students">Office for Students</a> (<a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_England" title="Higher Education Funding Council for England">HEFCE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Funding_Council" title="Scottish Funding Council">Scottish Funding Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_loans_and_grants_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom">Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Radio_Association" title="Student Radio Association">Student Radio Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student television in the United Kingdom">Student television in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student unionism in the United Kingdom">Student unionism in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Tuition fees in the United Kingdom">Tuition fees in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification" title="British undergraduate degree classification">Undergraduate degree classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCAS" title="UCAS">UCAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_and_College_Union" title="University and College Union">University and College Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_(United_Kingdom)" title="Polytechnic (United Kingdom)">Polytechnic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Universities in the United Kingdom">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Network_of_Universities_from_the_Capitals_of_Europe_(UNICA)115" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UNICA" title="Template:UNICA"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UNICA" title="Template talk:UNICA"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UNICA" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UNICA"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Network_of_Universities_from_the_Capitals_of_Europe_(UNICA)115" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Network_of_Universities_from_the_Capitals_of_Europe" title="Network of Universities from the Capitals of Europe">Network of Universities from the Capitals of Europe (UNICA)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">Amsterdam (UvA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankara_University" title="Ankara University">Ankara (AU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Technical_University" title="Middle East Technical University">Ankara (METU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_Kapodistrian_University_of_Athens" title="National and Kapodistrian University of Athens">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Belgrade" title="University of Belgrade">Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freie_Universit%C3%A4t_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Freie Universität Berlin">Berlin (FU Berlin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin" title="Humboldt University of Berlin">Berlin (HU Berlin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comenius_University_in_Bratislava" class="mw-redirect" title="Comenius University in Bratislava">Bratislava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_libre_de_Bruxelles" title="Université libre de Bruxelles">Brussels (ULB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrije_Universiteit_Brussel" title="Vrije Universiteit Brussel">Brussels (VUB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bucharest" title="University of Bucharest">Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B6tv%C3%B6s_Lor%C3%A1nd_University" title="Eötvös Loránd University">Budapest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Copenhagen" title="University of Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Dublin" title="University College Dublin">Dublin (UCD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Sikorsky_Kyiv_Polytechnic_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute">Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lausanne" title="University of Lausanne">Lausanne (UNIL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lisbon" title="University of Lisbon">Lisbon (ULisboa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universidade_Nova_de_Lisboa" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidade Nova de Lisboa">Lisbon (NOVA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ljubljana" title="University of Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">London (KCL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_University_of_Madrid" title="Charles III University of Madrid">Madrid (UC3M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complutense_University_of_Madrid" title="Complutense University of Madrid">Madrid (UCM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_University" title="Moscow State University">Moscow State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_School_of_Economics" title="Higher School of Economics">Moscow (HSE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cyprus" title="University of Cyprus">Nicosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oslo" title="University of Oslo">Oslo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Sciences_et_Lettres_University" title="Paris Sciences et Lettres University">Paris (PSL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Sorbonne_Nouvelle" title="Université Sorbonne Nouvelle">Paris (USN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_University_in_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles University in Prague">Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Iceland" title="University of Iceland">Reykjavík</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Latvia" title="University of Latvia">Riga (Latvia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_Tre_University" title="Roma Tre University">Rome III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapienza_University_of_Rome" title="Sapienza University of Rome">Rome-La Sapienza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rome_Tor_Vergata" title="University of Rome Tor Vergata">Rome-Tor Vergata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ss._Cyril_and_Methodius_University_of_Skopje" title="Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje">Skopje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_University" title="Sofia University">Sofia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockholm_University" title="Stockholm University">Stockholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallinn_University" title="Tallinn University">Tallinn (TU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallinn_University_of_Technology" title="Tallinn University of Technology">Tallinn (TalTech)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tirana" title="University of Tirana">Tirana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vienna" title="University of Vienna">Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilnius_University" title="Vilnius University">Vilnius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Warsaw" title="University of Warsaw">Warsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Zagreb" title="University of Zagreb">Zagreb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster,_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/11px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/17px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/22px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="427" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">King's College London at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:King%27s_College_London" class="extiw" title="c:Category:King's College London">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/21px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/42px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:King%27s_College_London" class="extiw" title="n:Category:King's College London">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/King%27s_College_London" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/King's College London">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/28px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:King%27s_College_London" class="extiw" title="s:Category:King's College London">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245247" class="extiw" title="d:Q245247">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245247#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1818" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245247#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1818" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245247#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123226764">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/128638237">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/42229-0">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50045652">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11999480g">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11999480g">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2007396096&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2007396097&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007263931305171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058517191806706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/4a8d38ac-0773-455b-afc5-d96e13ff78a5">MusicBrainz place</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" 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